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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/user_impersonation.html">User Impersonation</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/dependency_management.html">Dependency Management</a></li>
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+ <!--<li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/dynamic_loading.html">Dynamic Interpreter Loading (Experimental)</a></li>-->
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+ <li class="title"><span>Other Features</span></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/customizing_homepage.html">Customizing Zeppelin Homepage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/notebook_actions.html">Notebook Actions</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>REST API</span></li>
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+ <!--<li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/docker.html">Docker Image for Zeppelin</a></li>-->
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-standalone-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: Standalone</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-on-yarn-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: YARN</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-on-mesos-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: Mesos</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/flink_and_spark_cluster.html">Zeppelin with Flink, Spark Cluster</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/cdh.html">Zeppelin on CDH</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Notebook Storage</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-local-git-repository">Git Storage</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-azure">Azure Storage</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Operation</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/operation/configuration.html">Configuration</a></li>
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+ <li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Interpreters</span></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/bigquery.html">BigQuery</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/cassandra.html">Cassandra</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/elasticsearch.html">Elasticsearch</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/flink.html">Flink</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/geode.html">Geode</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/groovy.html">Groovy</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/hbase.html">HBase</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/hdfs.html">HDFS</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/r.html">R</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/scalding.html">Scalding</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/shell.html">Shell</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/overview.html">Overview</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_visualization_basic.html">Writing Helium Visualization: Basics</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_visualization_transformation.html">Writing Helium Visualization: Transformation</a></li>
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+ </div>
+
+
+
+ <div class="content">
+
+<!--<div class="hero-unit Interpreter Binding Mode">
+ <h1></h1>
+</div>
+-->
+
+<div class="row">
+ <div class="col-md-12">
+ <!--
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<h1>Interpreter Binding Mode</h1>
+
+<div id="toc"></div>
+
+<h2>Overview</h2>
+
+<p><center><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_per_note_user.png" height="70%" width="70%"></center>
+<center><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_scoped_isolated.png" height="70%" width="70%"></center></p>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>Interpreter Process is a JVM process that communicates with Zeppelin daemon using thrift.
+Each interpreter process has a single interpreter group, and this interpreter group can have one or more instances of an interpreter.
+(See <a href="../../development/writing_zeppelin_interpreter.html">here</a> to understand more about its internal structure.) </p>
+
+<p>Zeppelin provides 3 different modes to run interpreter process: <strong>shared</strong>, <strong>scoped</strong> and <strong>isolated</strong>.<br>
+Also, the user can specify the scope of these modes: <strong>per</strong> user or <strong>per note</strong>.
+These 3 modes give flexibility to fit Zeppelin into any type of use cases.</p>
+
+<p>In this documentation, we mainly discuss the <strong>per note</strong> scope in combination with the <strong>shared</strong>, <strong>scoped</strong> and <strong>isolated</strong> modes.</p>
+
+<h2>Shared Mode</h2>
+
+<div class="text-center">
+ <img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_mode-shared.png" height="40%" width="40%">
+</div>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>In <strong>Shared</strong> mode, single JVM process and a single session serves all notes. As a result, <code>note A</code> can access variables (e.g python, scala, ..) directly created from other notes.. </p>
+
+<h2>Scoped Mode</h2>
+
+<div class="text-center">
+ <img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_mode-scoped.png">
+</div>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>In <strong>Scoped</strong> mode, Zeppelin still runs a single interpreter JVM process but, in the case of per note scope, each note runs in its own dedicated session.
+(Note it is still possible to share objects between these notes via <a href="../../interpreter/spark.html#object-exchange">ResourcePool</a>) </p>
+
+<h2>Isolated Mode</h2>
+
+<div class="text-center">
+ <img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_mode-isolated.png">
+</div>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p><strong>Isolated</strong> mode runs a separate interpreter process for each note in the case of <strong>per note</strong> scope.
+So, each note has an absolutely isolated session. (But it is still possible to share objects via <a href="../../interpreter/spark.html#object-exchange">ResourcePool</a>) </p>
+
+<h2>Which mode should I use?</h2>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<table><thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Mode</th>
+<th>Each notebook...</th>
+<th>Benefits</th>
+<th>Disadvantages</th>
+<th>Sharing objects</th>
+</tr>
+</thead><tbody>
+<tr>
+<td><strong>shared</strong></td>
+<td>Shares a single session in a single interpreter process (JVM)</td>
+<td>Low resource utilization and it's easy to share data between notebooks</td>
+<td>All notebooks are affected if the interpreter process dies</td>
+<td>Can share directly</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><strong>scoped</strong></td>
+<td>Has its own session in the same interpreter process (JVM)</td>
+<td>Less resource utilization than isolated mode</td>
+<td>All notebooks are affected if the interpreter process dies</td>
+<td>Can't share directly, but it's possible to share objects via <a href="../../interpreter/spark.html#object-exchange">ResourcePool</a>)</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><strong>isolated</strong></td>
+<td>Has its own Interpreter Process</td>
+<td>One notebook is not affected directly by other notebooks (<strong>per note</strong>)</td>
+<td>Can't share data between notebooks easily (<strong>per note</strong>)</td>
+<td>Can't share directly, but it's possible to share objects via <a href="../../interpreter/spark.html#object-exchange">ResourcePool</a>)</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody></table>
+
+<p>In the case of the <strong>per user</strong> scope (available in a multi-user environment), Zeppelin manages interpreter sessions on a per user basis rather than a per note basis. For example:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li>In <strong>scoped + per user</strong> mode, <code>User A</code>'s notes <strong>might</strong> be affected by <code>User B</code>'s notes. (e.g JVM dies, ...) Because all notes are running on the same JVM</li>
+<li>On the other hand, <strong>isolated + per user</strong> mode, <code>User A</code>'s notes will not be affected by others' notes which running on separated JVMs</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>Each Interpreter implementation may have different characteristics depending on the back end system that they integrate. And 3 interpreter modes can be used differently.
+Letâs take a look how Spark Interpreter implementation uses these 3 interpreter modes with <strong>per note</strong> scope, as an example.
+Spark Interpreter implementation includes 4 different interpreters in the group: Spark, SparkSQL, Pyspark and SparkR.
+SparkInterpreter instance embeds Scala REPL for interactive Spark API execution.</p>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<div class="text-center">
+ <img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_mode-example-spark-shared.png" height="40%" width="40%">
+</div>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>In Shared mode, a SparkContext and a Scala REPL is being shared among all interpreters in the group.
+So every note will be sharing single SparkContext and single Scala REPL.
+In this mode, if <code>Note A</code> defines variable âaâ then <code>Note B</code> not only able to read variable âaâ but also able to override the variable.</p>
+
+<div class="text-center">
+ <img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_mode-example-spark-scoped.png">
+</div>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>In Scoped mode, each note has its own Scala REPL.
+So variable defined in a note can not be read or overridden in another note.
+However, a single SparkContext still serves all the sessions.
+And all the jobs are submitted to this SparkContext and the fair scheduler schedules the jobs.
+This could be useful when user does not want to share Scala session, but want to keep single Spark application and leverage its fair scheduler.</p>
+
+<p>In Isolated mode, each note has its own SparkContext and Scala REPL.</p>
+
+<div class="text-center">
+ <img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/docs-img/interpreter_binding_mode-example-spark-isolated.png">
+</div>
+
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+
+<!DOCTYPE html>
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+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <title>Apache Zeppelin 0.8.0 Documentation: Interpreter in Apache Zeppelin</title>
+ <meta name="description" content="This document explains about the role of interpreters, interpreters group and interpreter settings in Apache Zeppelin. The concept of Zeppelin interpreter allows any language/data-processing-backend to be plugged into Zeppelin.">
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+ <li class="title"><span>Interpreter</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/overview.html">Overview</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/interpreter_binding_mode.html">Interpreter Binding Mode</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/user_impersonation.html">User Impersonation</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/dependency_management.html">Dependency Management</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/installation.html">Installing Interpreters</a></li>
+ <!--<li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/dynamic_loading.html">Dynamic Interpreter Loading (Experimental)</a></li>-->
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/execution_hooks.html">Execution Hooks (Experimental)</a></li>
+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>Other Features</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/publishing_paragraphs.html">Publishing Paragraphs</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/customizing_homepage.html">Customizing Zeppelin Homepage</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/zeppelin_context.html">Zeppelin Context</a></li>
+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>REST API</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/rest_api/interpreter.html">Interpreter API</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/rest_api/helium.html">Helium API</a></li>
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+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">Setup<b class="caret"></b></a>
+ <ul class="dropdown-menu scrollable-menu">
+ <li class="title"><span>Basics</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/basics/how_to_build.html">How to Build Zeppelin</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Deployment</span></li>
+ <!--<li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/docker.html">Docker Image for Zeppelin</a></li>-->
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-standalone-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: Standalone</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-on-yarn-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: YARN</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-on-mesos-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: Mesos</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/flink_and_spark_cluster.html">Zeppelin with Flink, Spark Cluster</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/cdh.html">Zeppelin on CDH</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/virtual_machine.html">Zeppelin on VM: Vagrant</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Security</span></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/security/notebook_authorization.html">Notebook Authorization</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/security/datasource_authorization.html">Data Source Authorization</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/security/http_security_headers.html">HTTP Security Headers</a></li>
+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>Notebook Storage</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-local-git-repository">Git Storage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-s3">S3 Storage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-azure">Azure Storage</a></li>
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+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>Operation</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/operation/configuration.html">Configuration</a></li>
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+ <li>
+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">Interpreter <b class="caret"></b></a>
+ <ul class="dropdown-menu scrollable-menu">
+ <li class="title"><span>Interpreters</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/overview.html">Overview</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/spark.html">Spark</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/alluxio.html">Alluxio</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/beam.html">Beam</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/bigquery.html">BigQuery</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/cassandra.html">Cassandra</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/elasticsearch.html">Elasticsearch</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/flink.html">Flink</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/geode.html">Geode</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/groovy.html">Groovy</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/hbase.html">HBase</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/hdfs.html">HDFS</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/hive.html">Hive</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/ignite.html">Ignite</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/kylin.html">Kylin</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/lens.html">Lens</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/livy.html">Livy</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/markdown.html">Markdown</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/neo4j.html">Neo4j</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/pig.html">Pig</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/postgresql.html">Postgresql, HAWQ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/r.html">R</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/scalding.html">Scalding</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/scio.html">Scio</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/shell.html">Shell</a></li>
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+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">More<b class="caret"></b></a>
+ <ul class="dropdown-menu scrollable-menu" style="right: 0; left: auto;">
+ <li class="title"><span>Extending Zeppelin</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/writing_zeppelin_interpreter.html">Writing Zeppelin Interpreter</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Helium (Experimental)</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/overview.html">Overview</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_visualization_basic.html">Writing Helium Visualization: Basics</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_visualization_transformation.html">Writing Helium Visualization: Transformation</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/contribution/useful_developer_tools.html">Useful Developer Tools</a></li>
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+
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+ <h1></h1>
+</div>
+-->
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+-->
+
+<h1>Interpreter in Apache Zeppelin</h1>
+
+<div id="toc"></div>
+
+<h2>Overview</h2>
+
+<p>In this section, we will explain about the role of interpreters, interpreters group and interpreter settings in Zeppelin.
+The concept of Zeppelin interpreter allows any language/data-processing-backend to be plugged into Zeppelin.
+Currently, Zeppelin supports many interpreters such as Scala ( with Apache Spark ), Python ( with Apache Spark ), Spark SQL, JDBC, Markdown, Shell and so on.</p>
+
+<h2>What is Zeppelin interpreter?</h2>
+
+<p>Zeppelin Interpreter is a plug-in which enables Zeppelin users to use a specific language/data-processing-backend. For example, to use Scala code in Zeppelin, you need <code>%spark</code> interpreter.</p>
+
+<p>When you click the <code>+Create</code> button in the interpreter page, the interpreter drop-down list box will show all the available interpreters on your server.</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_create.png" width="280px"></p>
+
+<h2>What is interpreter setting?</h2>
+
+<p>Zeppelin interpreter setting is the configuration of a given interpreter on Zeppelin server. For example, the properties are required for hive JDBC interpreter to connect to the Hive server.</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_setting.png" width="500px"></p>
+
+<p>Properties are exported as environment variables when property name is consisted of upper characters, numbers and underscore ([A-Z_0-9]). Otherwise set properties as JVM property. </p>
+
+<p>You may use parameters from the context of interpreter by add #{contextParameterName} in value, parameter can be of the following types: string, number, boolean.</p>
+
+<h6>Context parameters</h6>
+
+<table class="table-configuration">
+ <tr>
+ <th>Name</th>
+ <th>Type</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>user</td>
+ <td>string</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>noteId</td>
+ <td>string</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>replName</td>
+ <td>string</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>className</td>
+ <td>string</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>If context parameter is null then replaced by empty string.</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_setting_with_context_parameters.png" width="800px"></p>
+
+<p><br>
+Each notebook can be bound to multiple Interpreter Settings using setting icon on upper right corner of the notebook.</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_binding.png" width="800px"></p>
+
+<h2>What is interpreter group?</h2>
+
+<p>Every Interpreter is belonged to an <strong>Interpreter Group</strong>. Interpreter Group is a unit of start/stop interpreter.
+By default, every interpreter is belonged to a single group, but the group might contain more interpreters. For example, Spark interpreter group is including Spark support, pySpark, Spark SQL and the dependency loader.</p>
+
+<p>Technically, Zeppelin interpreters from the same group are running in the same JVM. For more information about this, please checkout <a href="../development/writing_zeppelin_interpreter.html">here</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Each interpreters is belonged to a single group and registered together. All of their properties are listed in the interpreter setting like below image.</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_setting_spark.png" width="500px"></p>
+
+<h2>Interpreter binding mode</h2>
+
+<p>Each Interpreter Setting can choose one of 'shared', 'scoped', 'isolated' interpreter binding mode.
+In 'shared' mode, every notebook bound to the Interpreter Setting will share the single Interpreter instance. In 'scoped' mode, each notebook will create new Interpreter instance in the same interpreter process. In 'isolated' mode, each notebook will create new Interpreter process.</p>
+
+<p>For more information, check <a href="./interpreter_binding_mode.html">Interpreter Binding Mode</a>.</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_persession.png" width="400px"></p>
+
+<h2>Connecting to the existing remote interpreter</h2>
+
+<p>Zeppelin users can start interpreter thread embedded in their service. This will provide flexibility to user to start interpreter on remote host. To start interpreter along with your service you have to create an instance of <code>RemoteInterpreterServer</code> and start it as follows:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span></span><span class="n">RemoteInterpreterServer</span> <span class="n">interpreter</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">RemoteInterpreterServer</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="mi">3678</span><span class="o">);</span>
+<span class="c1">// Here, 3678 is the port on which interpreter will listen. </span>
+<span class="n">interpreter</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">start</span><span class="o">();</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The above code will start interpreter thread inside your process. Once the interpreter is started you can configure zeppelin to connect to RemoteInterpreter by checking <strong>Connect to existing process</strong> checkbox and then provide <strong>Host</strong> and <strong>Port</strong> on which interpreter process is listening as shown in the image below:</p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/existing_interpreter.png" width="450px"></p>
+
+<h2>Precode</h2>
+
+<p>Snippet of code (language of interpreter) that executes after initialization of the interpreter depends on <a href="#interpreter-binding-mode">Binding mode</a>. To configure add parameter with class of interpreter (<code>zeppelin.<ClassName>.precode</code>) except JDBCInterpreter (<a href="../../interpreter/jdbc.html#usage-precode">JDBC precode</a>). </p>
+
+<p><img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/interpreter_precode.png" width="800px"></p>
+
+<h2>Interpreter Lifecycle Management</h2>
+
+<p>Before 0.8.0, Zeppelin don't have lifecycle management on interpreter. User have to shutdown interpreters explicitly via UI. Starting from 0.8.0, Zeppelin provides a new interface
+<code>LifecycleManager</code> to control the lifecycle of interpreters. For now, there're 2 implementations: <code>NullLifecycleManager</code> and <code>TimeoutLifecycleManager</code> which is default. </p>
+
+<p><code>NullLifecycleManager</code> will do nothing,
+user need to control the lifecycle of interpreter by themselves as before. <code>TimeoutLifecycleManager</code> will shutdown interpreters after interpreter idle for a while. By default, the idle threshold is 1 hour.
+User can change it via <code>zeppelin.interpreter.lifecyclemanager.timeout.threshold</code>. <code>TimeoutLifecycleManager</code> is the default lifecycle manager, user can change it via <code>zeppelin.interpreter.lifecyclemanager.class</code>.</p>
+
+<h2>Generic ConfInterpreter</h2>
+
+<p>Zeppelin's interpreter setting is shared by all users and notes, if you want to have different setting you have to create new interpreter, e.g. you can create <code>spark_jar1</code> for running spark with dependency jar1 and <code>spark_jar2</code> for running spark with dependency jar2.
+This approach works, but not so convenient. <code>ConfInterpreter</code> can provide more fine-grained control on interpreter setting and more flexibility. </p>
+
+<p><code>ConfInterpreter</code> is a generic interpreter that could be used by any interpreters. The input format should be property file format.
+It can be used to make custom setting for any interpreter. But it requires to run before interpreter process launched. And when interpreter process is launched is determined by interpreter mode setting.
+So users needs to understand the (<a href="../usage/interpreter/interpreter_bindings_mode.html">interpreter mode setting </a> of Zeppelin and be aware when interpreter process is launched. E.g. If we set spark interpreter setting as isolated per note. Under this setting, each note will launch one interpreter process.
+In this scenario, user need to put <code>ConfInterpreter</code> as the first paragraph as the below example. Otherwise the customized setting can not be applied (Actually it would report ERROR)
+<img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/conf_interpreter.png" width="500px"></p>
+
+<h2>Interpreter Process Recovery</h2>
+
+<p>Before 0.8.0, shutting down Zeppelin also mean to shutdown all the running interpreter processes. Usually admin will shutdown Zeppelin server for maintenance or upgrade, but don't want to shut down the running interpreter processes.
+In such cases, interpreter process recovery is necessary. Starting from 0.8.0, user can enable interpreter process recovering via setting <code>zeppelin.recovery.storage.class</code> as
+<code>org.apache.zeppelin.interpreter.recovery.FileSystemRecoveryStorage</code> or other implementations if available in future, by default it is <code>org.apache.zeppelin.interpreter.recovery.NullRecoveryStorage</code>
+ which means recovery is not enabled. Enable recover means shutting down Zeppelin would not terminating interpreter process,
+and when Zeppelin is restarted, it would try to reconnect to the existing running interpreter processes. If you want to kill all the interpreter processes after terminating Zeppelin even when recovery is enabled, you can run <code>bin/stop-interpreter.sh</code> </p>
+
+<h2>Credential Injection</h2>
+
+<p>Credentials from the credential manager can be injected into Notebooks. Credential injection works by replacing the following patterns in Notebooks with matching credentials for the Credential Manager: <code>{user.CREDENTIAL_ENTITY}</code> and <code>{password.CREDENTIAL_ENTITY}</code>. However, credential injection must be enabled per Interpreter, by adding a boolean <code>injectCredentials</code> setting in the Interpreters configuration. Injected passwords are removed from Notebook output to prevent accidentally leaking passwords.</p>
+
+<p><strong>Credential Injection Setting</strong>
+<img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/credential_injection_setting.png" width="500px"></p>
+
+<p><strong>Credential Entry Example</strong>
+<img src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/credential_entry.png" width="500px"></p>
+
+<p><strong>Credential Injection Example</strong>
+<code>
+val password = "{password.SOME_CREDENTIAL_ENTITY}"
+val username = "{user.SOME_CREDENTIAL_ENTITY}"
+</code></p>
+
+ </div>
+</div>
+
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+++ zeppelin/site/docs/0.8.2/usage/interpreter/user_impersonation.html Sun Sep 29 07:08:10 2019
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <title>Apache Zeppelin 0.8.0 Documentation: Impersonation</title>
+ <meta name="description" content="Set up zeppelin interpreter process as web front end user.">
+ <meta name="author" content="The Apache Software Foundation">
+
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+ <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
+ <li>
+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">Quick Start <b class="caret"></b></a>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Getting Started</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/quickstart/install.html">Install</a></li>
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+ <li>
+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">Usage<b class="caret"></b></a>
+ <ul class="dropdown-menu scrollable-menu">
+ <li class="title"><span>Dynamic Form</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/dynamic_form/intro.html">What is Dynamic Form?</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Display System</span></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/user_impersonation.html">User Impersonation</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/dependency_management.html">Dependency Management</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/installation.html">Installing Interpreters</a></li>
+ <!--<li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/interpreter/dynamic_loading.html">Dynamic Interpreter Loading (Experimental)</a></li>-->
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+ <li class="title"><span>Other Features</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/publishing_paragraphs.html">Publishing Paragraphs</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/personalized_mode.html">Personalized Mode</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/other_features/customizing_homepage.html">Customizing Zeppelin Homepage</a></li>
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+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>REST API</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/usage/rest_api/interpreter.html">Interpreter API</a></li>
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+ </ul>
+ </li>
+
+ <li>
+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">Setup<b class="caret"></b></a>
+ <ul class="dropdown-menu scrollable-menu">
+ <li class="title"><span>Basics</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/basics/how_to_build.html">How to Build Zeppelin</a></li>
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+ <!--<li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/docker.html">Docker Image for Zeppelin</a></li>-->
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-on-yarn-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: YARN</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/spark_cluster_mode.html#spark-on-mesos-mode">Spark Cluster Mode: Mesos</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/flink_and_spark_cluster.html">Zeppelin with Flink, Spark Cluster</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/deployment/cdh.html">Zeppelin on CDH</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Security</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/security/authentication_nginx.html">HTTP Basic Auth using NGINX</a></li>
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+ <li class="title"><span>Notebook Storage</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-local-git-repository">Git Storage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-s3">S3 Storage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-azure">Azure Storage</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/storage/storage.html#notebook-storage-in-mongodb">MongoDB Storage</a></li>
+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>Operation</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/operation/configuration.html">Configuration</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/operation/upgrading.html">Upgrading</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/operation/trouble_shooting.html">Trouble Shooting</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/spark.html">Spark</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/bigquery.html">BigQuery</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/cassandra.html">Cassandra</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/elasticsearch.html">Elasticsearch</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/flink.html">Flink</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/geode.html">Geode</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/groovy.html">Groovy</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/hbase.html">HBase</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/lens.html">Lens</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/livy.html">Livy</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/markdown.html">Markdown</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/neo4j.html">Neo4j</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/pig.html">Pig</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/postgresql.html">Postgresql, HAWQ</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/r.html">R</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/scalding.html">Scalding</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/scio.html">Scio</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/interpreter/shell.html">Shell</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle">More<b class="caret"></b></a>
+ <ul class="dropdown-menu scrollable-menu" style="right: 0; left: auto;">
+ <li class="title"><span>Extending Zeppelin</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/writing_zeppelin_interpreter.html">Writing Zeppelin Interpreter</a></li>
+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>Helium (Experimental)</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/overview.html">Overview</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_application.html">Writing Helium Application</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_spell.html">Writing Helium Spell</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_visualization_basic.html">Writing Helium Visualization: Basics</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/helium/writing_visualization_transformation.html">Writing Helium Visualization: Transformation</a></li>
+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>Contributing to Zeppelin</span></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/setup/basics/how_to_build.html">How to Build Zeppelin</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/contribution/useful_developer_tools.html">Useful Developer Tools</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/docs/0.8.0/development/contribution/how_to_contribute_code.html">How to Contribute (code)</a></li>
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+ <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
+ <li class="title"><span>External Resources</span></li>
+ <li><a target="_blank" href="">Mailing List</a></li>
+ <li><a target="_blank" href="">Apache Zeppelin Wiki</a></li>
+ <li><a target="_blank" href="">Stackoverflow Questions about Zeppelin</a></li>
+ </ul>
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+ <li>
+ <a href="/docs/0.8.0/search.html" class="nav-search-link">
+ <span class="fa fa-search nav-search-icon"></span>
+ </a>
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+ </div>
+
+
+
+ <div class="content">
+
+<!--<div class="hero-unit Impersonation">
+ <h1></h1>
+</div>
+-->
+
+<div class="row">
+ <div class="col-md-12">
+ <!--
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<h1>Impersonation</h1>
+
+<p>User impersonation enables to run zeppelin interpreter process as a web frontend user</p>
+
+<h2>Setup</h2>
+
+<h4>1. Enable Shiro auth in <code>conf/shiro.ini</code></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span></span>[users]
+user1 = password1, role1
+user2 = password2, role2
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4>2. Enable password-less ssh for the user you want to impersonate (say user1).</h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span></span>adduser user1
+<span class="c1">#ssh-keygen (optional if you don't already have generated ssh-key.</span>
+ssh user1@localhost mkdir -p .ssh
+cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <span class="p">|</span> ssh user1@localhost <span class="s1">'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Alternatively instead of password-less, user can override ZEPPELIN<em>IMPERSONATE</em>CMD in zeppelin-env.sh</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span></span><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">ZEPPELIN_IMPERSONATE_CMD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'sudo -H -u ${ZEPPELIN_IMPERSONATE_USER} bash -c '</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4>4. Restart zeppelin server.</h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span></span><span class="c1"># for OSX, linux</span>
+bin/zeppelin-daemon restart
+
+<span class="c1"># for windows</span>
+bin<span class="se">\z</span>eppelin.cmd
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4>5. Configure impersonation for interpreter</h4>
+
+<div class="row">
+ <div class="col-md-12" >
+ <a data-lightbox="compiler" href="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/user-impersonation.gif">
+ <img class="img-responsive" src="/docs/0.8.0/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/screenshots/user-impersonation.gif" />
+ </a>
+
+ </div>
+</div>
+
+<p><br/></p>
+
+<p>Go to interpreter setting page, and enable "User Impersonate" in any of the interpreter (in my example its shell interpreter)</p>
+
+<h4>6. Test with a simple paragraph</h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span></span>%sh
+whoami
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Note that usage of "User Impersonate" option will enable Spark interpreter to use <code>--proxy-user</code> option with current user by default. If you want to disable <code>--proxy-user</code> option, then refer to <code>ZEPPELIN_IMPERSONATE_SPARK_PROXY_USER</code> variable in <code>conf/zeppelin-env.sh</code></p>
+
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