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+\ufeff THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Son c\u0153ur est un luth suspendu ; Sit�t qu\u2019on le touche il r�sonne . De B�ranger . During the whole of a dull , dark , and soundless day in the autumn of the year , when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens , I had been passing alone , on horseback , through a singularly dreary tract of country ; and at length found myself , as the shades of the evening drew on , within view of the melancholy House of Usher . I know not how it was\u2014but , with the first glimpse of the building , a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit . I say insufferable ; for the feeling was unrelieved by any of that half-pleasurable , because poetic , sentiment , with which the mind usually receives even the sternest natural images of the desolate or terrible . I looked upon the scene before me\u2014upon the mere house , and the simple landscape features of the domain\u2014upon the
  bleak walls\u2014upon the vacant eye-like windows\u2014upon a few rank sedges\u2014and upon a few white trunks of decayed trees\u2014with an utter depression of soul which I can compare to no earthly sensation more properly than to the after-dream of the reveler upon opium\u2014the bitter lapse into every-day life\u2014the hideous dropping off of the veil . There was an iciness , a sinking , a sickening of the heart\u2014an unredeemed dreariness of thought which no goading of the imagination could torture into aught of the sublime . What was it\u2014I paused to think\u2014what was it that so unnerved me in the contemplation of the House of Usher ? It was a mystery all insoluble ; nor could I grapple with the shadowy fancies that crowded upon me as I pondered . I was forced to fall back upon the unsatisfactory conclusion that while , beyond doubt , there are combinations of very simple natural objects which have the power of thus affecting us , still the analysis of this power lies among considerations beyond
  our depth . It was possible , I reflected , that a mere different arrangement of the particulars of the scene , of the details of the picture , would be sufficient to modify , or perhaps to annihilate its capacity for sorrowful impression ; and , acting upon this idea , I reined my horse to the precipitous brink of a black and lurid tarn that lay in unruffled luster by the dwelling , and gazed down\u2014but with a shudder even more thrilling than before\u2014upon the remodeled and inverted images of the gray sedge , and the ghastly tree stems , and the vacant and eye-like windows . Nevertheless , in this mansion of gloom I now proposed to myself a sojourn of some weeks . Its proprietor , Roderick Usher , had been one of my boon companions in boyhood ; but many years had elapsed since our last meeting . A letter , however , had lately reached me in a distant part of the country\u2014a letter from him\u2014which , in its wildly importunate nature , had admitted of no other than a personal reply 
 . The MS . gave evidence of nervous agitation . The writer spoke of acute bodily illness\u2014of a mental disorder which oppressed him , and of an earnest desire to see me , as his best , and indeed his only personal friend , with a view of attempting , by the cheerfulness of my society , some alleviation of his malady . It was the manner in which all this , and much more , was said\u2014it was the apparent heart that went with his request\u2014which allowed me no room for hesitation ; and I accordingly obeyed forthwith what I still considered a very singular summons . Although , as boys , we had been even intimate associates , yet I really knew little of my friend . His reserve had been always excessive and habitual . I was aware , however , that his very ancient family had been noted , time out of mind , for a peculiar sensibility of temperament , displaying itself , through long ages , in many works of exalted art , and manifested , of late , in repeated deeds of munificent , yet unobtrus
 ive charity , as well as in a passionate devotion to the intricacies , perhaps even more than to the orthodox and easily recognizable beauties , of musical science . I had learned , too , the very remarkable fact that the stem of the Usher race , all time-honored as it was , had put forth , at no period , any enduring branch ; in other words , that the entire family lay in the direct line of descent , and had always , with very trifling and very temporary variation , so lain . It was this deficiency , I considered , while running over in thought the perfect keeping of the character of the premises with the accredited character of the people , and while speculating upon the possible influence which the one , in the long lapse of centuries , might have exercised upon the other\u2014it was this deficiency , perhaps , of collateral issue , and the consequent undeviating transmission , from sire to son , of the patrimony with the name , which had , at length , so identified the two as to me
 rge the original title of the estate in the quaint and equivocal appellation of the " House of Usher"\u2014an appellation which seemed to include , in the minds of the peasantry who used it , both the family and the family mansion . I have said that the sole effect of my somewhat childish experiment of looking down within the tarn had been to deepen the first singular impression . There can be no doubt that the consciousness of the rapid increase of my superstition\u2014for why should I not so term it ? \u2014 served mainly to accelerate the increase itself . Such , I have long known , is the paradoxical law of all sentiments having terror as a basis . And it might have been for this reason only , that , when I again uplifted my eyes to the house itself , from its image in the pool , there grew in my mind a strange fancy\u2014a fancy so ridiculous , indeed , that I but mention it to show the vivid force of the sensations which oppressed me . I had so worked upon my imagination as really to beli
 eve that about the whole mansion and domain there hung an atmosphere peculiar to themselves and their immediate vicinity\u2014an atmosphere which had no affinity with the air of heaven , but which had reeked up from the decayed trees , and the gray wall , and the silent tarn\u2014a pestilent and mystic vapor , dull , sluggish , faintly discernible , and leaden-hued . Shaking off from my spirit what must have been a dream , I scanned more narrowly the real aspect of the building . Its principal feature seemed to be that of an excessive antiquity . The discoloration of ages had been great . Minute fungi overspread the whole exterior , hanging in a fine , tangled web-work from the eaves . Yet all this was apart from any extraordinary dilapidation . No portion of the masonry had fallen ; and there appeared to be a wild inconsistency between its still perfect adaptation of parts , and the crumbling condition of the individual stones . In this there was much that reminded me of the specious tot
 ality of old woodwork which has rotted for years in some neglected vault , with no disturbance from the breath of the external air . Beyond this indication of extensive decay , however , the fabric gave little token of instability . Perhaps the eye of a scrutinizing observer might have discovered a barely perceptible fissure , which , extending from the roof of the building in front , made its way down the wall in a zigzag direction , until it became lost in the sullen waters of the tarn . Noticing these things , I rode over a short causeway to the house . A servant in waiting took my horse , and I entered the Gothic archway of the hall . A valet , of stealthy step , thence conducted me , in silence , through many dark and intricate passages in my progress to the studio of his master . Much that I encountered on the way contributed , I know not how , to heighten the vague sentiments of which I have already spoken . While the objects around me\u2014while the carvings of the ceilings , t
 he somber tapestries of the walls , the ebon blackness of the floors , and the phantasmagoric armorial trophies which rattled as I strode , were but matters to which , or to such as which , I had been accustomed from my infancy\u2014while I hesitated not to acknowledge how familiar was all this\u2014I still wondered to find how unfamiliar were the fancies which ordinary images were stirring up . On one of the staircases I met the physician of the family . His countenance , I thought , wore a mingled expression of low cunning and perplexity . He accosted me with trepidation and passed on . The valet now threw open a door and ushered me into the presence of his master . The room in which I found myself was very large and lofty . The windows were long , narrow , and pointed , and at so vast a distance from the black oaken floor as to be altogether inaccessible from within . Feeble gleams of encrimsoned light made their way through the trellised panes , and served to render sufficiently disti
 nct the more prominent objects around ; the eye , however , struggled in vain to reach the remoter angles of the chamber , or the recesses of the vaulted and fretted ceiling . Dark draperies hung upon the walls . The general furniture was profuse , comfortless , antique , and tattered . Many books and musical instruments lay scattered about , but failed to give any vitality to the scene . I felt that I breathed an atmosphere of sorrow . An air of stern , deep , and irredeemable gloom hung over and pervaded all . Upon my entrance , Usher arose from a sofa on which he had been lying at full length , and greeted me with a vivacious warmth which had much in it , I at first thought , of an overdone cordiality\u2014of the constrained effort of the ennuy� man of the world . A glance , however , at his countenance convinced me of his perfect sincerity . We sat down ; and for some moments , while he spoke not , I gazed upon him with a feeling half of pity , half of awe . Surely , man had never
  before so terribly altered , in so brief a period , as had Roderick Usher ! It was with difficulty that I could bring myself to admit the identity of the wan being before me with the companion of my early boyhood . Yet the character of his face had been at all times remarkable . A cadaverousness of complexion ; an eye large , liquid , and luminous beyond comparison ; lips somewhat thin and very pallid , but of a surpassingly beautiful curve ; a nose of a delicate Hebrew model , but with a breadth of nostril unusual in similar formations ; a finely molded chin , speaking , in its want of prominence , of a want of moral energy ; hair of a more than web-like softness and tenuity ; these features , with an inordinate expansion above the regions of the temple , made up altogether a countenance not easily to be forgotten . And now in the mere exaggeration of the prevailing character of these features , and of the expression they were wont to convey , lay so much of change that I doubted 
 to whom I spoke . The now ghastly pallor of the skin , and the now miraculous luster of the eye , above all things startled and even awed me . The silken hair , too , had been suffered to grow all unheeded , and as , in its wild gossamer texture , it floated rather than fell about the face , I could not , even with effort , connect its arabesque expression with any idea of simple humanity . In the manner of my friend I was at once struck with an incoherence\u2014an inconsistency ; and I soon found this to arise from a series of feeble and futile struggles to overcome an habitual trepidancy , an excessive nervous agitation . For something of this nature I had indeed been prepared , no less by his letter than by reminiscences of certain boyish traits , and by conclusions deduced from his peculiar physical conformation and temperament . His action was alternately vivacious and sullen . His voice varied rapidly from a tremulous indecision ( when the animal spirits seemed utterly in abeyanc
 e ) to that species of energetic concision\u2014that abrupt , weighty , unhurried , and hollow-sounding enunciation\u2014that leaden , self-balanced , and perfectly modulated guttural utterance , which may be observed in the lost drunkard , or the irreclaimable eater of opium , during the periods of his most intense excitement . It was thus that he spoke of the object of my visit , of his earnest desire to see me , and of the solace he expected me to afford him . He entered , at some length , into what he conceived to be the nature of his malady . It was , he said , a constitutional and a family evil , and one for which he despaired to find a remedy\u2014a mere nervous affection , he immediately added , which would undoubtedly soon pass off . It displayed itself in a host of unnatural sensations . Some of these , as he detailed them , interested and bewildered me ; although , perhaps , the terms and the general manner of the narration had their weight . He suffered much from a morbid acutene
 ss of the senses . The most insipid food was alone endurable ; he could wear only garments of certain texture ; the odors of all flowers were oppressive ; his eyes were tortured by even a faint light ; and there were but peculiar sounds , and these from stringed instruments , which did not inspire him with horror . To an anomalous species of terror I found him a bounden slave . " I shall perish , " said he , " I must perish in this deplorable folly . Thus , thus , and not otherwise , shall I be lost . I dread the events of the future , not in themselves , but in their results . I shudder at the thought of any , even the most trivial , incident , which may operate upon this intolerable agitation of soul . I have , indeed , no abhorrence of danger , except in its absolute effect\u2014in terror . In this unnerved\u2014in this pitiable condition\u2014I feel that the period will sooner or later arrive when I must abandon life and reason together , in some struggle with the grim phantasm , Fear . 
 " I learned , moreover , at intervals , and through broken and equivocal hints , another singular feature of his mental condition . He was enchained by certain superstitious impressions in regard to the dwelling which he tenanted , and whence , for many years , he had never ventured forth\u2014in regard to an influence whose supposititious force was conveyed in terms too shadowy here to be restated\u2014an influence which some peculiarities in the mere form and substance of his family mansion , had , by dint of long sufferance , he said , obtained over his spirit\u2014an effect which the physique of the gray walls and turrets , and of the dim tarn into which they all looked down , had , at length , brought about upon the morale of his existence . He admitted , however , although with hesitation , that much of the peculiar gloom which thus afflicted him could be traced to a more natural and far more palpable origin\u2014to the severe and long-continued illness\u2014indeed to the evidently approachi
 ng dissolution\u2014of a tenderly beloved sister , his sole companion for long years , his last and only relative on earth . " Her decease , " he said , with a bitterness which I can never forget , " would leave him ( him the hopeless and the frail ) the last of the ancient race of the Ushers . " While he spoke , the lady Madeline ( for so was she called ) passed slowly through a remote portion of the apartment , and , without having noticed my presence , disappeared . I regarded her with an utter astonishment not unmingled with dread ; and yet I found it impossible to account for such feelings . A sensation of stupor oppressed me , as my eyes followed her retreating steps . When a door , at length , closed upon her , my glance sought instinctively and eagerly the countenance of the brother ; but he had buried his face in his hands , and I could only perceive that a far more than ordinary wanness had overspread the emaciated fingers through which trickled many passionate tears . The di
 sease of the lady Madeline had long baffled the skill of her physicians . A settled apathy , a gradual wasting away of the person , and frequent although transient affections of a partially cataleptical character , were the unusual diagnosis . Hitherto she had steadily borne up against the pressure of her malady , and had not betaken herself finally to bed ; but on the closing in of the evening of my arrival at the house , she succumbed ( as her brother told me at night with inexpressible agitation ) to the prostrating power of the destroyer ; and I learned that the glimpse I had obtained of her person would thus probably be the last I should obtain\u2014that the lady , at least while living , would be seen by me no more . For several days ensuing her name was unmentioned by either Usher or myself ; and during this period I was busied in earnest endeavors to alleviate the melancholy of my friend . We painted and read together ; or I listened , as if in a dream , to the wild improvisati
 ons of his speaking guitar . And thus , as a closer and still closer intimacy admitted me more unreservedly into the recesses of his spirit , the more bitterly did I perceive the futility of all attempt at cheering a mind from which darkness , as if an inherent positive quality , poured forth upon all objects of the moral and physical universe , in one unceasing radiation of gloom . I shall ever bear about me a memory of the many solemn hours I thus spent alone with the master of the House of Usher . Yet I should fail in any attempt to convey an idea of the exact character of the studies , or of the occupations in which he involved me , or led me the way . An excited and highly distempered ideality threw a sulphurous luster over all . His long , improvised dirges will ring forever in my ears . Among other things , I hold painfully in mind a certain singular perversion and amplification of the wild air of the last waltz of Von Weber . From the paintings over which his elaborate fancy
  brooded , and which grew , touch by touch , into vaguenesses at which I shuddered the more thrillingly because I shuddered knowing not why , \u2014 from these paintings ( vivid as their images now are before me ) I would in vain endeavor to deduce more than a small portion which should lie within the compass of merely written words . By the utter simplicity , by the nakedness of his designs , he arrested and overawed attention . If ever mortal painted an idea , that mortal was Roderick Usher . For me , at least\u2014in the circumstances then surrounding me\u2014there arose out of the pure abstractions which the hypochondriac contrived to throw upon his canvas , an intensity of intolerable awe , no shadow of which felt I ever yet in the contemplation of the certainly glowing yet too concrete reveries of Fuseli . One of the phantasmagoric conceptions of my friend , partaking not so rigidly of the spirit of abstraction , may be shadowed forth , although feebly , in words . A small picture pres
 ented the interior of an immensely long and rectangular vault or tunnel , with low walls , smooth , white , and without interruption or device . Certain accessory points of the design served well to convey the idea that this excavation lay at an exceeding depth below the surface of the earth . No outlet was observed in any portion of its vast extent , and no torch or other artificial source of light was discernible ; yet a flood of intense rays rolled throughout , and bathed the whole in a ghastly and inappropriate splendor . I have just spoken of that morbid condition of the auditory nerve which rendered all music intolerable to the sufferer , with the exception of certain effects of stringed instruments . It was , perhaps , the narrow limits to which he thus confined himself upon the guitar , which gave birth , in great measure , to the fantastic character of his performances . But the fervid facility of his impromptus could not be so accounted for . They must have been , and were
  , in the notes , as well as in the words of his wild fantasias ( for he not unfrequently accompanied himself with rimed verbal improvisations ) , the result of that intense mental collectedness and concentration to which I have previously alluded as observable only in particular moments of the highest artificial excitement . The words of one of these rhapsodies I have easily remembered . I was , perhaps , the more forcibly impressed with it , as he gave it , because , in the under or mystic current of its meaning , I fancied that I perceived , and for the first time , a full consciousness on the part of Usher , of the tottering of his lofty reason upon her throne . The verses , which were entitled " The Haunted Palace , " ran very nearly , if not accurately , thus : I. In the greenest of our valleys , By good angels tenanted , Once a fair and stately palace \u2014 Radiant palace\u2014reared its head . In the monarch Thought 's dominion \u2014 It stood there ! Never seraph spread a pinion Ov
 er fabric half so fair . II . Banners yellow , glorious , golden , On its roof did float and flow ; ( This\u2014all this\u2014was in the olden Time long ago ) And every gentle air that dallied , In that sweet day , Along the ramparts plumed and pallid , A wing�d odor went away . III . Wanderers in that happy valley Through two luminous windows saw Spirits moving musically To a lute 's well-tun�d law , Round about a throne , where sitting ( Porphyrogene ! ) In state his glory well befitting , The ruler of the realm was seen . IV . And all with pearl and ruby glowing Was the fair palace door , Through which came flowing , flowing , flowing And sparkling evermore , A troop of Echoes whose sweet duty Was but to sing , In voices of surpassing beauty , The wit and wisdom of their king . V. But evil things , in robes of sorrow , Assailed the monarch 's high estate ( Ah , let us mourn , for never morrow Shall dawn upon him , desolate ! ) ; And , round about his home , the glory That blushed and
  bloomed Is but a dim-remembered story Of the old time entombed . VI . And travelers now within that valley , Through the red-litten windows , see Vast forms that move fantastically To a discordant melody ; While , like a rapid ghastly river , Through the pale door , A hideous throng rush out forever , And laugh\u2014but smile no more . I well remember that suggestions arising from this ballad led us into a train of thought wherein there became manifest an opinion of Usher 's which I mention not so much on account of its novelty ( for other men[1 ] have thought thus ) as on account of the pertinacity with which he maintained it . This opinion , in its general form , was that of the sentience of all vegetable things . But , in his disordered fancy , the idea had assumed a more daring character , and trespassed , under certain conditions , upon the kingdom of inorganization . I lack words to express the full extent or the earnest abandon of his persuasion . The belief , however , was con
 nected ( as I have previously hinted ) with the gray stones of the home of his forefathers . The conditions of the sentience had been here , he imagined , fulfilled in the method of collocation of these stones\u2014in the order of their arrangement , as well as in that of the many fungi which overspread them , and of the decayed trees which stood around\u2014above all , in the long-undisturbed endurance of this arrangement , and in its reduplication in the still waters of the tarn . Its evidence\u2014the evidence of the sentience\u2014was to be seen , he said ( and I here started as he spoke ) , in the gradual yet certain condensation of an atmosphere of their own about the waters and the walls . The result was discoverable , he added , in that silent , yet importunate and terrible influence which for centuries had molded the destinies of his family , and which made him what I now saw him\u2014what he was . Such opinions need no comment , and I will make none . Our books\u2014the books which , for ye
 ars , had formed no small portion of the mental existence of the invalid\u2014were , as might be supposed , in strict keeping with this character of phantasm . We pored together over such works as the Ververt et Chartreuse of Gresset ; the Belphegor of Machiavelli ; the Heaven and Hell of Swedenborg ; the Subterranean Voyage of Nicholas Klimm by Holberg ; the Chiromancy of Robert Flud , of Jean D\u2019Indagin� , and of De la Chambre ; the Journey into the Blue Distance of Tieck ; and the City of the Sun of Campanella . One favorite volume was a small octavo edition of the Directorium Inquisitorium , by the Dominican Eymeric de Cironne ; and there were passages in Pomponius Mela , about the old African Satyrs and \u0152gipans , over which Usher would sit dreaming for hours . His chief delight , however , was found in the perusal of an exceedingly rare and curious book in quarto Gothic\u2014the manual of a forgotten church\u2014the Vigiliae Mortuorum secundum Chorum Ecclesiae Maguntinae . I could no
 t help thinking of the wild ritual of this work , and of its probable influence upon the hypochondriac , when , one evening , having informed me abruptly that the lady Madeline was no more , he stated his intention of preserving her corpse for a fortnight ( previously to its final interment ) in one of the numerous vaults within the main walls of the building . The worldly reason , however , assigned for this singular proceeding , was one which I did not feel at liberty to dispute . The brother had been led to his resolution , so he told me , by consideration of the unusual character of the malady of the deceased , of certain obtrusive and eager inquiries on the part of her medical men , and of the remote and exposed situation of the burial ground of the family . I will not deny that when I called to mind the sinister countenance of the person whom I met upon the staircase , on the day of my arrival at the house , I had no desire to oppose what I regarded as at best but a harmless ,
  and by no means an unnatural precaution . At the request of Usher , I personally aided him in the arrangements for the temporary entombment . The body having been encoffined , we two alone bore it to its rest . The vault in which we placed it ( and which had been so long unopened that our torches , half smothered in its oppressive atmosphere , gave us little opportunity for investigation ) was small , damp , and entirely without means of admission for light ; lying , at great depth , immediately beneath that portion of the building in which was my own sleeping apartment . It had been used , apparently , in remote feudal times , for the worst purposes of a donjon-keep , and in later days , as a place of deposit for powder , or some other highly combustible substance , as a portion of its floor , and the whole interior of a long archway through which we reached it , were carefully sheathed with copper . The door , of massive iron , had been also similarly protected . Its immense weig
 ht caused an unusually sharp grating sound , as it moved upon its hinges . Having deposited our mournful burden upon tressels within this region of horror , we partially turned aside the yet unscrewed lid of the coffin , and looked upon the face of the tenant . A striking similitude between the brother and sister now first arrested my attention ; and Usher , divining , perhaps , my thoughts , murmured out some few words from which I learned that the deceased and himself had been twins , and that sympathies of a scarcely intelligible nature had always existed between them . Our glances , however , rested not long upon the dead\u2014for we could not regard her unawed . The disease which had thus entombed the lady in the maturity of youth , had left , as usual in all maladies of a strictly cataleptical character , the mockery of a faint blush upon the bosom and the face , and that suspiciously lingering smile upon the lip which is so terrible in death . We replaced and screwed down the li
 d , and having secured the door of iron , made our way , with toil , into the scarcely less gloomy apartments of the upper portion of the house . And now , some days of bitter grief having elapsed , an observable change came over the features of the mental disorder of my friend . His ordinary manner had vanished . His ordinary occupations were neglected or forgotten . He roamed from chamber to chamber with hurried , unequal , and objectless step . The pallor of his countenance had assumed , if possible , a more ghastly hue\u2014but the luminousness of his eye had utterly gone out . The once occasional huskiness of his tone was heard no more ; and a tremulous quaver , as if of extreme terror , habitually characterized his utterance . There were times , indeed , when I thought his unceasingly agitated mind was laboring with some oppressive secret , to divulge which he struggled for the necessary courage . At times , again , I was obliged to resolve all into the mere inexplicable vagaries
  of madness ; for I beheld him gazing upon vacancy for long hours , in an attitude of the profoundest attention , as if listening to some imaginary sound . It was no wonder that his condition terrified\u2014that it infected me . I felt creeping upon me , by slow yet certain degrees , the wild influence of his own fantastic yet impressive superstitions . It was , especially , upon retiring to bed late in the night of the seventh or eighth day after the placing of the lady Madeline within the donjon , that I experienced the full power of such feelings . Sleep came not near my couch , while the hours waned and waned away . I struggled to reason off the nervousness which had dominion over me . I endeavored to believe that much , if not all of what I felt , was due to the bewildering influence of the gloomy furniture of the room\u2014of the dark and tattered draperies , which , tortured into motion by the breath of a rising tempest , swayed fitfully to and fro upon the walls , and rustled unea
 sily about the decorations of the bed . But my efforts were fruitless . An irrepressible tremor gradually pervaded my frame ; and , at length , there sat upon my very heart an incubus of utterly causeless alarm . Shaking this off with a gasp and a struggle , I uplifted myself upon the pillows , and peering earnestly within the intense darkness of the chamber , hearkened\u2014I know not why , except that an instinctive spirit prompted me\u2014to certain low and indefinite sounds which came , through the pauses of the storm , at long intervals , I knew not whence . Overpowered by an intense sentiment of horror , unaccountable yet unendurable , I threw on my clothes with haste ( for I felt that I should sleep no more during the night ) , and endeavored to arouse myself from the pitiable condition into which I had fallen , by pacing rapidly to and fro through the apartment . I had taken but few turns in this manner , when a light step on an adjoining staircase arrested my attention . I presen
 tly recognized it as that of Usher . In an instant afterward he rapped , with a gentle touch , at my door , and entered , bearing a lamp . His countenance was , as usual , cadaverously wan\u2014but , moreover , there was a species of mad hilarity in his eyes\u2014and evidently restrained hysteria in his whole demeanor . His air appalled me\u2014but anything was preferable to the solitude which I had so long endured , and I even welcomed his presence as a relief . " And you have not seen it ? " he said abruptly , after having stared about him for some moments in silence\u2014"You have not then seen it ? \u2014 but stay ! you shall . " Thus speaking , and having carefully shaded his lamp , he hurried to one of the casements , and threw it freely open to the storm . The impetuous fury of the entering gust nearly lifted us from our feet . It was , indeed , a tempestuous yet sternly beautiful night , and one wildly singular in its terror and its beauty . A whirlwind had apparently collected its force i
 n our vicinity ; for there were frequent and violent alterations in the direction of the wind ; and the exceeding density of the clouds ( which hung so low as to press upon the turrets of the house ) did not prevent our perceiving the lifelike velocity with which they flew careering from all points against each other , without passing away into the distance . I say that even their exceeding density did not prevent our perceiving this\u2014yet we had no glimpse of the moon or stars\u2014nor was there any flashing forth of the lightning . But the under surfaces of the huge masses of agitated vapor , as well as all terrestrial objects immediately around us , were glowing in the unnatural light of a faintly luminous and distinctly visible gaseous exhalation which hung about and enshrouded the mansion . " You must not\u2014you shall not behold this ! " said I , shudderingly , to Usher , as I led him , with a gentle violence , from the window to a seat . " These appearances , which bewilder you , 
 are merely electrical phenomena not uncommon\u2014or it may be that they have their ghastly origin in the rank miasma of the tarn . Let us close this casement\u2014the air is chilling and dangerous to your frame . Here is one of your favorite romances . I will read and you shall listen ; \u2014 and so we will pass away this terrible night together . " The antique volume which I had taken up was the " Mad Trist " of Sir Launcelot Canning ; but I had called it a favorite of Usher 's more in sad jest than in earnest ; for , in truth , there is little in its uncouth and unimaginative prolixity which could have had interest for the lofty and spiritual ideality of my friend . It was , however , the only book immediately at hand ; and I indulged a vague hope that the excitement which now agitated the hypochondriac , might find relief ( for the history of mental disorder is full of similar anomalies ) even in the extremeness of the folly which I should read . Could I have judged , indeed , by the wi
 ld , overstrained air of vivacity with which he hearkened , or apparently harkened , to the words of the tale , I might well have congratulated myself upon the success of my design . I had arrived at that well-known portion of the story where Ethelred , the hero of the Trist , having sought in vain for peaceable admission into the dwelling of the hermit , proceeds to make good an entrance by force . Here , it will be remembered , the words of the narrative run thus : " And Ethelred , who was by nature of a doughty heart , and who was now mighty withal , on account of the powerfulness of the wine which he had drunken , waited no longer to hold parley with the hermit , who , in sooth , was of an obstinate and maliceful turn ; but , feeling the rain upon his shoulders , and fearing the rising of the tempest , uplifted his mace outright , and , with blows , made quickly room in the plankings of the door for his gauntleted hand ; and now pulling therewith sturdily , he so cracked , and r
 ipped , and tore all asunder , that the noise of the dry and hollow-sounding wood alarummed and reverberated throughout the forest . " At the termination of this sentence I started , and for a moment paused ; for it appeared to me ( although I at once concluded that my excited fancy had deceived me)\u2014it appeared to me that , from some very remote portion of the mansion , there came , indistinctly , to my ears what might have been , in its exact similarity of character , the echo ( but a stifled and dull one certainly ) of the very cracking and ripping sound which Sir Launcelot had so particularly described . It was , beyond doubt , the coincidence alone which had arrested my attention ; for , amid the rattling of the sashes of the casements , and the ordinary commingled noises of the still increasing storm , the sound , in itself , had nothing , surely , which should have interested or disturbed me . I continued the story : " But the good champion Ethelred , now entering within the
  door , was sore enraged and amazed to perceive no signal of the maliceful hermit ; but , in the stead thereof , a dragon of a scaly and prodigious demeanor , and of a fiery tongue , which sate in guard before a palace of gold , with a floor of silver ; and upon the wall there hung a shield of shining brass with this legend enwritten \u2014 Who entereth herein , a conqueror hath bin ; Who slayeth the dragon , the shield he shall win ; And Ethelred uplifted his mace , and struck upon the head of the dragon , which fell before him , and gave up his pesty breath , with a shriek so horrid and harsh , and withal so piercing , that Ethelred had fain to close his ears with his hands against the dreadful noise of it , the like whereof was never before heard . " Here again I paused abruptly , and now with a feeling of wild amazement\u2014for there could be no doubt whatever that , in this instance , I did actually hear ( although from what direction it proceeded I found it impossible to say ) a lo
 w and apparently distant , but harsh , protracted , and most unusual screaming or grating sound\u2014the exact counterpart of what my fancy had already conjured up for the dragon 's unnatural shriek as described by the romancer . Oppressed , as I certainly was , upon the occurrence of this second and most extraordinary coincidence , by a thousand conflicting sensations , in which wonder and extreme terror were predominant , I still retained sufficient presence of mind to avoid exciting , by any observation , the sensitive nervousness of my companion . I was by no means certain that he had noticed the sounds in question ; although , assuredly , a strange alteration had , during the last few minutes , taken place in his demeanor . From a position fronting my own , he had gradually brought round his chair , so as to sit with his face to the door of the chamber ; and thus I could but partially perceive his features , although I saw that his lips trembled as if he were murmuring inaudibly .
  His head had dropped upon his breast\u2014yet I knew that he was not asleep , from the wide and rigid opening of the eye as I caught a glance of it in profile . The motion of his body , too , was at variance with this idea\u2014for he rocked from side to side with a gentle yet constant and uniform sway . Having rapidly taken notice of all this , I resumed the narrative of Sir Launcelot , which thus proceeded : " And now the champion , having escaped from the terrible fury of the dragon , bethinking himself of the brazen shield , and of the breaking up of the enchantment which was upon it , removed the carcass from out of the way before him , and approached valorously over the silver pavement of the castle to where the shield was upon the wall ; which in sooth tarried not for his full coming , but fell down at his feet upon the silver floor , with a mighty great and terrible ringing sound . " No sooner had these syllables passed my lips , than\u2014as if a shield of brass had indeed , at the
  moment , fallen heavily upon a floor of silver\u2014I became aware of a distinct , hollow , metallic and clangorous , yet apparently muffled reverberation . Completely unnerved , I leaped to my feet ; but the measured rocking movement of Usher was undisturbed . I rushed to the chair in which he sat . His eyes were bent fixedly before him , and throughout his whole countenance there reigned a stony rigidity . But , as I placed my hand upon his shoulder , there came a strong shudder over his whole person ; a sickly smile quivered about his lips ; and I saw that he spoke in a low , hurried , and gibbering murmur , as if unconscious of my presence . Bending closely over him , I at length drank in the hideous import of his words . " Not hear it ? \u2014 yes , I hear it , and have heard it . Long\u2014long\u2014long\u2014many minutes , many hours , many days , have I heard it\u2014yet I dared not\u2014oh , pity me , miserable wretch that I am ! \u2014 I dared not\u2014I dared not speak ! We have put her living in 
 the tomb ! Said I not that my senses were acute ? I now tell you that I heard her first feeble movements in the hollow coffin . I heard them\u2014many , many days ago\u2014yet I dared not\u2014I dared not speak ! And now\u2014to-night\u2014Ethelred\u2014ha ! ha ! \u2014 the breaking of the hermit 's door , and the death-cry of the dragon , and the clangor of the shield ! \u2014 say , rather , the rending of her coffin , and the grating of the iron hinges of her prison , and her struggles within the coppered archway of the vault ! Oh , whither shall I fly ? Will she not be here anon ? Is she not hurrying to upbraid me for my haste ? Have I not heard her footstep on the stair ? Do I not distinguish that heavy and horrible beating of her heart ? Madman ! " \u2014 here he sprang furiously to his feet , and shrieked out his syllables , as if in the effort he were giving up his soul\u2014"Madman ! I tell you that she now stands without the door ! " As if in the superhuman energy of his utterance there had been found t
 he potency of a spell\u2014the huge antique pannels to which the speaker pointed threw slowly back , upon the instant , their ponderous and ebony jaws . It was the work of the rushing gust\u2014but then without those doors there did stand the lofty and enshrouded figure of the lady Madeline of Usher . There was blood upon her white robes , and the evidence of some bitter struggle upon every portion of her emaciated frame . For a moment she remained trembling and reeling to and fro upon the threshold\u2014then , with a low , moaning cry , fell heavily inward upon the person of her brother , and in her violent and now final death-agonies , bore him to the floor a corpse , and a victim to the terrors he had anticipated . From that chamber , and from that mansion , I fled aghast . The storm was still abroad in all its wrath as I found myself crossing the old causeway . Suddenly there shot along the path a wild light , and I turned to see whence a gleam so unusual could have issued ; for the vast
  house and its shadows were alone behind me . The radiance was that of the full , setting , and blood-red moon , which now shone vividly through that once barely discernible fissure , of which I have before spoken as extending from the roof of the building , in a zigzag direction , to the base . While I gazed , this fissure rapidly widened\u2014there came a fierce breath of the whirlwind\u2014the entire orb of the satellite burst at once upon my sight\u2014my brain reeled as I saw the mighty walls rushing asunder\u2014there was a long tumultuous shouting sound like the voice of a thousand waters\u2014and the deep and dank tarn at my feet closed sullenly and silently over the fragments of the " House of Usher . " 
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+\ufeff Part One , Chapter 10 When Levin went into the restaurant with Oblonsky , he could not help noticing a certain peculiarity of expression , as it were , a restrained radiance , about the face and whole figure of Stepan Arkadyevitch . Oblonsky took off his overcoat , and with his hat over one ear walked into the dining room , giving directions to the Tatar waiters , who were clustered about him in evening coats , bearing napkins . Bowing to right and left to the people he met , and here as everywhere joyously greeting acquaintances , he went up to the sideboard for a preliminary appetizer of fish and vodka , and said to the painted Frenchwoman decked in ribbons , lace , and ringlets , behind the counter , something so amusing that even that Frenchwoman was moved to genuine laughter . Levin for his part refrained from taking any vodka simply because he felt such a loathing of that Frenchwoman , all made up , it seemed , of false hair , poudre de riz , and vinaigre de toilette . He 
 made haste to move away from her , as from a dirty place . His whole soul was filled with memories of Kitty , and there was a smile of triumph and happiness shining in his eyes . " This way , your excellency , please . Your excellency wo n't be disturbed here , " said a particularly pertinacious , white-headed old Tatar with immense hips and coat-tails gaping widely behind . " Walk in , your excellency , " he said to Levin ; by way of showing his respect to Stepan Arkadyevitch , being attentive to his guest as well . Instantly flinging a fresh cloth over the round table under the bronze chandelier , though it already had a table cloth on it , he pushed up velvet chairs , and came to a standstill before Stepan Arkadyevitch with a napkin and a bill of fare in his hands , awaiting his commands . " If you prefer it , your excellency , a private room will be free directly ; Prince Golistin with a lady . Fresh oysters have come in . " " Ah ! oysters . " Stepan Arkadyevitch became thoughtf
 ul . " How if we were to change our program , Levin ? " he said , keeping his finger on the bill of fare . And his face expressed serious hesitation . " Are the oysters good ? Mind now . " " They 're Flensburg , your excellency . We 've no Ostend . " " Flensburg will do , but are they fresh ? " " Only arrived yesterday . " " Well , then , how if we were to begin with oysters , and so change the whole program ? Eh ? " " It 's all the same to me . I should like cabbage soup and porridge better than anything ; but of course there 's nothing like that here . " " Porridge � la Russe , your honor would like ? " said the Tatar , bending down to Levin , like a nurse speaking to a child . " No , joking apart , whatever you choose is sure to be good . I 've been skating , and I 'm hungry . And do n't imagine , " he added , detecting a look of dissatisfaction on Oblonsky 's face , " that I sha n't appreciate your choice . I am fond of good things . " " I should hope so ! After all , it 's one
  of the pleasures of life , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch . " Well , then , my friend , you give us two\u2014or better say three\u2014dozen oysters , clear soup with vegetables ... " " Printaniere , " prompted the Tatar . But Stepan Arkadyevitch apparently did not care to allow him the satisfaction of giving the French names of the dishes . " With vegetables in it , you know . Then turbot with thick sauce , then ... roast beef ; and mind it 's good . Yes , and capons , perhaps , and then sweets . " The Tatar , recollecting that it was Stepan Arkadyevitch 's way not to call the dishes by the names in the French bill of fare , did not repeat them after him , but could not resist rehearsing the whole menu to himself according to the bill : \u2014 " Soupe printani�re , turbot , sauce Beaumarchais , poulard � l'estragon , mac�doine de fruits ... etc. , " and then instantly , as though worked by springs , laying down one bound bill of fare , he took up another , the list of wines , and submitted i
 t to Stepan Arkadyevitch . " What shall we drink ? " " What you like , only not too much . Champagne , " said Levin . " What ! to start with ? You 're right though , I dare say . Do you like the white seal ? " " Cachet blanc , " prompted the Tatar . " Very well , then , give us that brand with the oysters , and then we 'll see . " " Yes , sir . And what table wine ? " " You can give us Nuits . Oh , no , better the classic Chablis . " " Yes , sir . And your cheese , your excellency ? " " Oh , yes , Parmesan . Or would you like another ? " " No , it 's all the same to me , " said Levin , unable to suppress a smile . And the Tatar ran off with flying coat-tails , and in five minutes darted in with a dish of opened oysters on mother-of-pearl shells , and a bottle between his fingers . Stepan Arkadyevitch crushed the starchy napkin , tucked it into his waistcoat , and settling his arms comfortably , started on the oysters . " Not bad , " he said , stripping the oysters from the pearly sh
 ell with a silver fork , and swallowing them one after another . " Not bad , " he repeated , turning his dewy , brilliant eyes from Levin to the Tatar . Levin ate the oysters indeed , though white bread and cheese would have pleased him better . But he was admiring Oblonsky . Even the Tatar , uncorking the bottle and pouring the sparkling wine into the delicate glasses , glanced at Stepan Arkadyevitch , and settled his white cravat with a perceptible smile of satisfaction . " You do n't care much for oysters , do you ? " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , emptying his wine glass , " or you 're worried about something . Eh ? " He wanted Levin to be in good spirits . But it was not that Levin was not in good spirits ; he was ill at ease . With what he had in his soul , he felt sore and uncomfortable in the restaurant , in the midst of private rooms where men were dining with ladies , in all this fuss and bustle ; the surroundings of bronzes , looking glasses , gas , and waiters\u2014all of it wa
 s offensive to him . He was afraid of sullying what his soul was brimful of . " I ? Yes , I am ; but besides , all this bothers me , " he said . " You ca n't conceive how queer it all seems to a country person like me , as queer as that gentleman 's nails I saw at your place ... " " Yes , I saw how much interested you were in poor Grinevitch 's nails , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , laughing . " It 's too much for me , " responded Levin . " Do try , now , and put yourself in my place , take the point of view of a country person . We in the country try to bring our hands into such a state as will be most convenient for working with . So we cut our nails ; sometimes we turn up our sleeves . And here people purposely let their nails grow as long as they will , and link on small saucers by way of studs , so that they can do nothing with their hands . " Stepan Arkadyevitch smiled gaily . " Oh , yes , that 's just a sign that he has no need to do coarse work . His work is with the mind ... 
 " " Maybe . But still it 's queer to me , just as at this moment it seems queer to me that we country folks try to get our meals over as soon as we can , so as to be ready for our work , while here are we trying to drag out our meal as long as possible , and with that object eating oysters ... " " Why , of course , " objected Stepan Arkadyevitch . " But that 's just the aim of civilization\u2014to make everything a source of enjoyment . " " Well , if that 's its aim , I 'd rather be a savage . " " And so you are a savage . All you Levins are savages . " Levin sighed . He remembered his brother Nikolay , and felt ashamed and sore , and he scowled ; but Oblonsky began speaking of a subject which at once drew his attention . " Oh , I say , are you going tonight to our people , the Shtcherbatskys ' , I mean ? " he said , his eyes sparkling significantly as he pushed away the empty rough shells , and drew the cheese towards him . " Yes , I shall certainly go , " replied Levin ; " though I f
 ancied the princess was not very warm in her invitation . " " What nonsense ! That 's her manner ... . Come , boy , the soup ! ... . That 's her manner\u2014grande dame , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch . " I 'm coming , too , but I have to go to the Countess Bonina 's rehearsal . Come , is n't it true that you 're a savage ? How do you explain the sudden way in which you vanished from Moscow ? The Shtcherbatskys were continually asking me about you , as though I ought to know . The only thing I know is that you always do what no one else does . " " Yes , " said Levin , slowly and with emotion , " you 're right . I am a savage . Only , my savageness is not in having gone away , but in coming now . Now I have come ... " " Oh , what a lucky fellow you are ! " broke in Stepan Arkadyevitch , looking into Levin 's eyes . " Why ? " " I know a gallant steed by tokens sure , And by his eyes I know a youth in love , " declaimed Stepan Arkadyevitch . " Everything is before you . " " Why , is it over 
 for you already ? " " No ; not over exactly , but the future is yours , and the present is mine , and the present\u2014well , it 's not all that it might be . " " How so ? " " Oh , things go wrong . But I do n't want to talk of myself , and besides I ca n't explain it all , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch . " Well , why have you come to Moscow , then ? ... . Hi ! take away ! " he called to the Tatar . " You guess ? " responded Levin , his eyes like deep wells of light fixed on Stepan Arkadyevitch . " I guess , but I ca n't be the first to talk about it . You can see by that whether I guess right or wrong , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , gazing at Levin with a subtle smile . " Well , and what have you to say to me ? " said Levin in a quivering voice , feeling that all the muscles of his face were quivering too . " How do you look at the question ? " Stepan Arkadyevitch slowly emptied his glass of Chablis , never taking his eyes off Levin . " I ? " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , " there 's nothing 
 I desire so much as that\u2014nothing ! It would be the best thing that could be . " " But you 're not making a mistake ? You know what we 're speaking of ? " said Levin , piercing him with his eyes . " You think it 's possible ? " " I think it 's possible . Why not possible ? " " No ! do you really think it 's possible ? No , tell me all you think ! Oh , but if ... if refusal 's in store for me ! ... Indeed I feel sure ... " " Why should you think that ? " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , smiling at his excitement . " It seems so to me sometimes . That will be awful for me , and for her too . " " Oh , well , anyway there 's nothing awful in it for a girl . Every girl 's proud of an offer . " " Yes , every girl , but not she . " Stepan Arkadyevitch smiled . He so well knew that feeling of Levin 's , that for him all the girls in the world were divided into two classes : one class\u2014all the girls in the world except her , and those girls with all sorts of human weaknesses , and very ordinary 
 girls : the other class\u2014she alone , having no weaknesses of any sort and higher than all humanity . " Stay , take some sauce , " he said , holding back Levin 's hand as it pushed away the sauce . Levin obediently helped himself to sauce , but would not let Stepan Arkadyevitch go on with his dinner . " No , stop a minute , stop a minute , " he said . " You must understand that it 's a question of life and death for me . I have never spoken to any one of this . And there 's no one I could speak of it to , except you . You know we 're utterly unlike each other , different tastes and views and everything ; but I know you 're fond of me and understand me , and that 's why I like you awfully . But for God 's sake , be quite straightforward with me . " " I tell you what I think , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , smiling . " But I 'll say more : my wife is a wonderful woman ... " Stepan Arkadyevitch sighed , remembering his position with his wife , and , after a moment 's silence , resumed\u2014
 "She has a gift of foreseeing things . She sees right through people ; but that 's not all ; she knows what will come to pass , especially in the way of marriages . She foretold , for instance , that Princess Shahovskaya would marry Brenteln . No one would believe it , but it came to pass . And she 's on your side . " " How do you mean ? " " It 's not only that she likes you\u2014she says that Kitty is certain to be your wife . " At these words Levin 's face suddenly lighted up with a smile , a smile not far from tears of emotion . " She says that ! " cried Levin . " I always said she was exquisite , your wife . There , that 's enough , enough said about it , " he said , getting up from his seat . " All right , but do sit down . " But Levin could not sit down . He walked with his firm tread twice up and down the little cage of a room , blinked his eyelids that his tears might not fall , and only then sat down to the table . " You must understand , " said he , " it 's not love . I 've b
 een in love , but it 's not that . It 's not my feeling , but a sort of force outside me has taken possession of me . I went away , you see , because I made up my mind that it could never be , you understand , as a happiness that does not come on earth ; but I 've struggled with myself , I see there 's no living without it . And it must be settled . " " What did you go away for ? " " Ah , stop a minute ! Ah , the thoughts that come crowding on one ! The questions one must ask oneself ! Listen . You ca n't imagine what you 've done for me by what you said . I 'm so happy that I 've become positively hateful ; I 've forgotten everything . I heard today that my brother Nikolay ... you know , he 's here ... I had even forgotten him . It seems to me that he 's happy too . It 's a sort of madness . But one thing 's awful ... . Here , you 've been married , you know the feeling ... it 's awful that we\u2014old\u2014with a past ... not of love , but of sins ... are brought all at once so near to 
 a creature pure and innocent ; it 's loathsome , and that 's why one ca n't help feeling oneself unworthy . " " Oh , well , you 've not many sins on your conscience . " " Alas ! all the same , " said Levin , " when with loathing I go over my life , I shudder and curse and bitterly regret it ... . Yes . " " What would you have ? The world 's made so , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch . " The one comfort is like that prayer , which I always liked : 'Forgive me not according to my unworthiness , but according to Thy lovingkindness . ' That 's the only way she can forgive me . " 
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+\ufeff Part One , Chapter 11 Levin emptied his glass , and they were silent for a while . " There 's one other thing I ought to tell you . Do you know Vronsky ? " Stepan Arkadyevitch asked Levin . " No , I do n't . Why do you ask ? " " Give us another bottle , " Stepan Arkadyevitch directed the Tatar , who was filling up their glasses and fidgeting round them just when he was not wanted . " Why you ought to know Vronsky is that he 's one of your rivals . " " Who 's Vronsky ? " said Levin , and his face was suddenly transformed from the look of childlike ecstasy which Oblonsky had just been admiring to an angry and unpleasant expression . " Vronsky is one of the sons of Count Kirill Ivanovitch Vronsky , and one of the finest specimens of the gilded youth of Petersburg . I made his acquaintance in Tver when I was there on official business , and he came there for the levy of recruits . Fearfully rich , handsome , great connections , an aide-de-camp , and with all that a very nice , good-
 natured fellow . But he 's more than simply a good-natured fellow , as I 've found out here\u2014he 's a cultivated man , too , and very intelligent ; he 's a man who 'll make his mark . " Levin scowled and was dumb . " Well , he turned up here soon after you 'd gone , and as I can see , he 's over head and ears in love with Kitty , and you know that her mother ... " " Excuse me , but I know nothing , " said Levin , frowning gloomily . And immediately he recollected his brother Nikolay and how hateful he was to have been able to forget him . " You wait a bit , wait a bit , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , smiling and touching his hand . " I 've told you what I know , and I repeat that in this delicate and tender matter , as far as one can conjecture , I believe the chances are in your favor . " Levin dropped back in his chair ; his face was pale . " But I would advise you to settle the thing as soon as may be , " pursued Oblonsky , filling up his glass . " No , thanks , I ca n't drink any 
 more , " said Levin , pushing away his glass . " I shall be drunk ... . Come , tell me how are you getting on ? " he went on , obviously anxious to change the conversation . " One word more : in any case I advise you to settle the question soon . Tonight I do n't advise you to speak , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch . " Go round tomorrow morning , make an offer in due form , and God bless you ... " " Oh , do you still think of coming to me for some shooting ? Come next spring , do , " said Levin . Now his whole soul was full of remorse that he had begun this conversation with Stepan Arkadyevitch . A feeling such as his was profaned by talk of the rivalry of some Petersburg officer , of the suppositions and the counsels of Stepan Arkadyevitch . Stepan Arkadyevitch smiled . He knew what was passing in Levin 's soul . " I 'll come some day , " he said . " But women , my boy , they 're the pivot everything turns upon . Things are in a bad way with me , very bad . And it 's all through women 
 . Tell me frankly now , " he pursued , picking up a cigar and keeping one hand on his glass ; " give me your advice . " " Why , what is it ? " " I 'll tell you . Suppose you 're married , you love your wife , but you 're fascinated by another woman ... " " Excuse me , but I 'm absolutely unable to comprehend how ... just as I ca n't comprehend how I could now , after my dinner , go straight to a baker 's shop and steal a roll . " Stepan Arkadyevitch 's eyes sparkled more than usual . " Why not ? A roll will sometimes smell so good one ca n't resist it . " " Himmlisch ist 's , wenn ich bezwungen Meine irdische Begier ; Aber doch wenn 's nich gelungen Hatt ' ich auch recht huebsch Plaisir ! " As he said this , Stepan Arkadyevitch smiled subtly . Levin , too , could not help smiling . " Yes , but joking apart , " resumed Stepan Arkadyevitch , " you must understand that the woman is a sweet , gentle loving creature , poor and lonely , and has sacrificed everything . Now , when the thing
  's done , do n't you see , can one possibly cast her off ? Even supposing one parts from her , so as not to break up one 's family life , still , can one help feeling for her , setting her on her feet , softening her lot ? " " Well , you must excuse me there . You know to me all women are divided into two classes ... at least no ... truer to say : there are women and there are ... I 've never seen exquisite fallen beings , and I never shall see them , but such creatures as that painted Frenchwoman at the counter with the ringlets are vermin to my mind , and all fallen women are the same . " " But the Magdalen ? " " Ah , drop that ! Christ would never have said those words if He had known how they would be abused . Of all the Gospel those words are the only ones remembered . However , I 'm not saying so much what I think , as what I feel . I have a loathing for fallen women . You 're afraid of spiders , and I of these vermin . Most likely you 've not made a study of spiders and do n
 't know their character ; and so it is with me . " " It 's very well for you to talk like that ; it 's very much like that gentleman in Dickens who used to fling all difficult questions over his right shoulder . But to deny the facts is no answer . What 's to be done\u2014you tell me that , what 's to be done ? Your wife gets older , while you 're full of life . Before you 've time to look round , you feel that you ca n't love your wife with love , however much you may esteem her . And then all at once love turns up , and you 're done for , done for , " Stepan Arkadyevitch said with weary despair . Levin half smiled . " Yes , you 're done for , " resumed Oblonsky . " But what 's to be done ? " " Do n't steal rolls . " Stepan Arkadyevitch laughed outright . " Oh , moralist ! But you must understand , there are two women ; one insists only on her rights , and those rights are your love , which you ca n't give her ; and the other sacrifices everything for you and asks for nothing . What a
 re you to do ? How are you to act ? There 's a fearful tragedy in it . " " If you care for my profession of faith as regards that , I 'll tell you that I do n't believe there was any tragedy about it . And this is why . To my mind , love ... both the sorts of love , which you remember Plato defines in his Banquet , served as the test of men . Some men only understand one sort , and some only the other . And those who only know the non-platonic love have no need to talk of tragedy . In such love there can be no sort of tragedy . 'I 'm much obliged for the gratification , my humble respects'\u2014that 's all the tragedy . And in platonic love there can be no tragedy , because in that love all is clear and pure , because ... " At that instant Levin recollected his own sins and the inner conflict he had lived through . And he added unexpectedly : " But perhaps you are right . Very likely ... I do n't know , I do n't know . " " It 's this , do n't you see , " said Stepan Arkadyevitch , " yo
 u 're very much all of a piece . That 's your strong point and your failing . You have a character that 's all of a piece , and you want the whole of life to be of a piece too\u2014but that 's not how it is . You despise public official work because you want the reality to be invariably corresponding all the while with the aim\u2014and that 's not how it is . You want a man 's work , too , always to have a defined aim , and love and family life always to be undivided\u2014and that 's not how it is . All the variety , all the charm , all the beauty of life is made up of light and shadow . " Levin sighed and made no reply . He was thinking of his own affairs , and did not hear Oblonsky . And suddenly both of them felt that though they were friends , though they had been dining and drinking together , which should have drawn them closer , yet each was thinking only of his own affairs , and they had nothing to do with one another . Oblonsky had more than once experienced this extreme sense of al
 oofness , instead of intimacy , coming on after dinner , and he knew what to do in such cases . " Bill ! " he called , and he went into the next room where he promptly came across an aide-de-camp of his acquaintance and dropped into conversation with him about an actress and her protector . And at once in the conversation with the aide-de-camp Oblonsky had a sense of relaxation and relief after the conversation with Levin , which always put him to too great a mental and spiritual strain . When the Tatar appeared with a bill for twenty-six roubles and odd kopecks , besides a tip for himself , Levin , who would another time have been horrified , like any one from the country , at his share of fourteen roubles , did not notice it , paid , and set off homewards to dress and go to the Shtcherbatskys ' there to decide his fate . 
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+\ufeff CHAPTER XIX At the men 's end of the table the talk grew more and more animated . The colonel told them that the declaration of war had already appeared in Petersburg and that a copy , which he had himself seen , had that day been forwarded by courier to the commander in chief . " And why the deuce are we going to fight Bonaparte ? " remarked Shinshin . " He has stopped Austria 's cackle and I fear it will be our turn next . " The colonel was a stout , tall , plethoric German , evidently devoted to the service and patriotically Russian . He resented Shinshin 's remark . " It is for the reasson , my goot sir , " said he , speaking with a German accent , " for the reasson zat ze Emperor knows zat . He declares in ze manifessto zat he cannot fiew wiz indifference ze danger vreatening Russia and zat ze safety and dignity of ze Empire as vell as ze sanctity of its alliances ... " he spoke this last word with particular emphasis as if in it lay the gist of the matter . Then with the u
 nerring official memory that characterized him he repeated from the opening words of the manifesto : ... and the wish , which constitutes the Emperor 's sole and absolute aim--to establish peace in Europe on firm foundations--has now decided him to despatch part of the army abroad and to create a new condition for the attainment of that purpose . " Zat , my dear sir , is vy ... " he concluded , drinking a tumbler of wine with dignity and looking to the count for approval . " Connaissez-vous le Proverbe : * 'Jerome , Jerome , do not roam , but turn spindles at home ! ' ? " said Shinshin , puckering his brows and smiling . " Cela nous convient a merveille . *[2 ] Suvorov now--he knew what he was about ; yet they beat him a plate couture , *[3 ] and where are we to find Suvorovs now ? Je vous demande un peu , " *[4 ] said he , continually changing from French to Russian . * Do you know the proverb ? [ 2 ] That suits us down to the ground . [ 3 ] Hollow . [ 4 ] I just ask you that . " V
 e must vight to the last tr-r-op of our plood ! " said the colonel , thumping the table ; " and ve must tie for our Emperor , and zen all vill pe vell . And ve must discuss it as little as po-o-ossible " ... he dwelt particularly on the word possible ... " as po-o-ossible , " he ended , again turning to the count . " Zat is how ve old hussars look at it , and zere 's an end of it ! And how do you , a young man and a young hussar , how do you judge of it ? " he added , addressing Nicholas , who when he heard that the war was being discussed had turned from his partner with eyes and ears intent on the colonel . " I am quite of your opinion , " replied Nicholas , flaming up , turning his plate round and moving his wineglasses about with as much decision and desperation as though he were at that moment facing some great danger . " I am convinced that we Russians must die or conquer , " he concluded , conscious--as were others--after the words were uttered that his remarks were too enthu
 siastic and emphatic for the occasion and were therefore awkward . " What you said just now was splendid ! " said his partner Julie . Sonya trembled all over and blushed to her ears and behind them and down to her neck and shoulders while Nicholas was speaking . Pierre listened to the colonel 's speech and nodded approvingly . " That 's fine , " said he . " The young man 's a real hussar ! " shouted the colonel , again thumping the table . " What are you making such a noise about over there ? " Marya Dmitrievna 's deep voice suddenly inquired from the other end of the table . " What are you thumping the table for ? " she demanded of the hussar , " and why are you exciting yourself ? Do you think the French are here ? " " I am speaking ze truce , " replied the hussar with a smile . " It 's all about the war , " the count shouted down the table . " You know my son 's going , Marya Dmitrievna ? My son is going . " " I have four sons in the army but still I do n't fret . It is all in Go
 d 's hands . You may die in your bed or God may spare you in a battle , " replied Marya Dmitrievna 's deep voice , which easily carried the whole length of the table . " That 's true ! " Once more the conversations concentrated , the ladies ' at the one end and the men 's at the other . " You wo n't ask , " Natasha 's little brother was saying ; " I know you wo n't ask ! " " I will , " replied Natasha . Her face suddenly flushed with reckless and joyous resolution . She half rose , by a glance inviting Pierre , who sat opposite , to listen to what was coming , and turning to her mother : " Mamma ! " rang out the clear contralto notes of her childish voice , audible the whole length of the table . " What is it ? " asked the countess , startled ; but seeing by her daughter 's face that it was only mischief , she shook a finger at her sternly with a threatening and forbidding movement of her head . The conversation was hushed . " Mamma ! What sweets are we going to have ? " and Natasha
  's voice sounded still more firm and resolute . The countess tried to frown , but could not . Marya Dmitrievna shook her fat finger . " Cossack ! " she said threateningly . Most of the guests , uncertain how to regard this sally , looked at the elders . " You had better take care ! " said the countess . " Mamma ! What sweets are we going to have ? " Natasha again cried boldly , with saucy gaiety , confident that her prank would be taken in good part . Sonya and fat little Petya doubled up with laughter . " You see ! I have asked , " whispered Natasha to her little brother and to Pierre , glancing at him again . " Ice pudding , but you wo n't get any , " said Marya Dmitrievna . Natasha saw there was nothing to be afraid of and so she braved even Marya Dmitrievna . " Marya Dmitrievna ! What kind of ice pudding ? I do n't like ice cream . " " Carrot ices . " " No ! What kind , Marya Dmitrievna ? What kind ? " she almost screamed ; " I want to know ! " Marya Dmitrievna and the countess
  burst out laughing , and all the guests joined in . Everyone laughed , not at Marya Dmitrievna 's answer but at the incredible boldness and smartness of this little girl who had dared to treat Marya Dmitrievna in this fashion . Natasha only desisted when she had been told that there would be pineapple ice . Before the ices , champagne was served round . The band again struck up , the count and countess kissed , and the guests , leaving their seats , went up to " congratulate " the countess , and reached across the table to clink glasses with the count , with the children , and with one another . Again the footmen rushed about , chairs scraped , and in the same order in which they had entered but with redder faces , the guests returned to the drawing room and to the count 's study . 
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+\ufeff CHAPTER II Anna Pavlovna 's drawing room was gradually filling . The highest Petersburg society was assembled there : people differing widely in age and character but alike in the social circle to which they belonged . Prince Vasili 's daughter , the beautiful Helene , came to take her father to the ambassador 's entertainment ; she wore a ball dress and her badge as maid of honor . The youthful little Princess Bolkonskaya , known as la femme la plus seduisante de Petersbourg , * was also there . She had been married during the previous winter , and being pregnant did not go to any large gatherings , but only to small receptions . Prince Vasili 's son , Hippolyte , had come with Mortemart , whom he introduced . The Abbe Morio and many others had also come . * The most fascinating woman in Petersburg . To each new arrival Anna Pavlovna said , " You have not yet seen my aunt , " or " You do not know my aunt ? " and very gravely conducted him or her to a little old lady , wearing l
 arge bows of ribbon in her cap , who had come sailing in from another room as soon as the guests began to arrive ; and slowly turning her eyes from the visitor to her aunt , Anna Pavlovna mentioned each one 's name and then left them . Each visitor performed the ceremony of greeting this old aunt whom not one of them knew , not one of them wanted to know , and not one of them cared about ; Anna Pavlovna observed these greetings with mournful and solemn interest and silent approval . The aunt spoke to each of them in the same words , about their health and her own , and the health of Her Majesty , " who , thank God , was better today . " And each visitor , though politeness prevented his showing impatience , left the old woman with a sense of relief at having performed a vexatious duty and did not return to her the whole evening . The young Princess Bolkonskaya had brought some work in a gold-embroidered velvet bag . Her pretty little upper lip , on which a delicate dark down was jus
 t perceptible , was too short for her teeth , but it lifted all the more sweetly , and was especially charming when she occasionally drew it down to meet the lower lip . As is always the case with a thoroughly attractive woman , her defect--the shortness of her upper lip and her half-open mouth--seemed to be her own special and peculiar form of beauty . Everyone brightened at the sight of this pretty young woman , so soon to become a mother , so full of life and health , and carrying her burden so lightly . Old men and dull dispirited young ones who looked at her , after being in her company and talking to her a little while , felt as if they too were becoming , like her , full of life and health . All who talked to her , and at each word saw her bright smile and the constant gleam of her white teeth , thought that they were in a specially amiable mood that day . The little princess went round the table with quick , short , swaying steps , her workbag on her arm , and gaily spreadin
 g out her dress sat down on a sofa near the silver samovar , as if all she was doing was a pleasure to herself and to all around her . " I have brought my work , " said she in French , displaying her bag and addressing all present . " Mind , Annette , I hope you have not played a wicked trick on me , " she added , turning to her hostess . " You wrote that it was to be quite a small reception , and just see how badly I am dressed . " And she spread out her arms to show her short-waisted , lace-trimmed , dainty gray dress , girdled with a broad ribbon just below the breast . " Soyez tranquille , Lise , you will always be prettier than anyone else , " replied Anna Pavlovna . " You know , " said the princess in the same tone of voice and still in French , turning to a general , " my husband is deserting me ? He is going to get himself killed . Tell me what this wretched war is for ? " she added , addressing Prince Vasili , and without waiting for an answer she turned to speak to his dau
 ghter , the beautiful Helene . " What a delightful woman this little princess is ! " said Prince Vasili to Anna Pavlovna . One of the next arrivals was a stout , heavily built young man with close-cropped hair , spectacles , the light-colored breeches fashionable at that time , a very high ruffle , and a brown dress coat . This stout young man was an illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov , a well-known grandee of Catherine 's time who now lay dying in Moscow . The young man had not yet entered either the military or civil service , as he had only just returned from abroad where he had been educated , and this was his first appearance in society . Anna Pavlovna greeted him with the nod she accorded to the lowest hierarchy in her drawing room . But in spite of this lowest-grade greeting , a look of anxiety and fear , as at the sight of something too large and unsuited to the place , came over her face when she saw Pierre enter . Though he was certainly rather bigger than the other men in
  the room , her anxiety could only have reference to the clever though shy , but observant and natural , expression which distinguished him from everyone else in that drawing room . " It is very good of you , Monsieur Pierre , to come and visit a poor invalid , " said Anna Pavlovna , exchanging an alarmed glance with her aunt as she conducted him to her . Pierre murmured something unintelligible , and continued to look round as if in search of something . On his way to the aunt he bowed to the little princess with a pleased smile , as to an intimate acquaintance . Anna Pavlovna 's alarm was justified , for Pierre turned away from the aunt without waiting to hear her speech about Her Majesty 's health . Anna Pavlovna in dismay detained him with the words : " Do you know the Abbe Morio ? He is a most interesting man . " " Yes , I have heard of his scheme for perpetual peace , and it is very interesting but hardly feasible . " " You think so ? " rejoined Anna Pavlovna in order to say s
 omething and get away to attend to her duties as hostess . But Pierre now committed a reverse act of impoliteness . First he had left a lady before she had finished speaking to him , and now he continued to speak to another who wished to get away . With his head bent , and his big feet spread apart , he began explaining his reasons for thinking the abbe 's plan chimerical . " We will talk of it later , " said Anna Pavlovna with a smile . And having got rid of this young man who did not know how to behave , she resumed her duties as hostess and continued to listen and watch , ready to help at any point where the conversation might happen to flag . As the foreman of a spinning mill , when he has set the hands to work , goes round and notices here a spindle that has stopped or there one that creaks or makes more noise than it should , and hastens to check the machine or set it in proper motion , so Anna Pavlovna moved about her drawing room , approaching now a silent , now a too-noisy 
 group , and by a word or slight rearrangement kept the conversational machine in steady , proper , and regular motion . But amid these cares her anxiety about Pierre was evident . She kept an anxious watch on him when he approached the group round Mortemart to listen to what was being said there , and again when he passed to another group whose center was the abbe . Pierre had been educated abroad , and this reception at Anna Pavlovna 's was the first he had attended in Russia . He knew that all the intellectual lights of Petersburg were gathered there and , like a child in a toyshop , did not know which way to look , afraid of missing any clever conversation that was to be heard . Seeing the self-confident and refined expression on the faces of those present he was always expecting to hear something very profound . At last he came up to Morio . Here the conversation seemed interesting and he stood waiting for an opportunity to express his own views , as young people are fond of doi
 ng . 
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