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Posted to dev@pdfbox.apache.org by "Andreas Lehmkühler (Jira)" <ji...@apache.org> on 2025/11/22 10:11:00 UTC
[jira] [Updated] (PDFBOX-6036) StackOverflowError in COSWriterCompressionPool for large number of bookmarks
[ https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PDFBOX-6036?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:all-tabpanel ]
Andreas Lehmkühler updated PDFBOX-6036:
---------------------------------------
Affects Version/s: 3.0.6 PDFBox
4.0.0
(was: 3.0.5 PDFBox)
> StackOverflowError in COSWriterCompressionPool for large number of bookmarks
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Key: PDFBOX-6036
> URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PDFBOX-6036
> Project: PDFBox
> Issue Type: Bug
> Components: Writing
> Affects Versions: 3.0.6 PDFBox, 4.0.0
> Reporter: Bernhard Fey
> Assignee: Andreas Lehmkühler
> Priority: Critical
> Fix For: 3.0.7 PDFBox, 4.0.0
>
>
> Saving a document containing thousands of bookmarks causes a {{StackOverflowError}} in {{{}COSWriterCompressionPool{}}}.
>
> The stack trace alternates between the following two methods:
>
>
> {code:java}
> at org.apache.pdfbox.pdfwriter.compress.COSWriterCompressionPool.addStructure(COSWriterCompressionPool.java:190)
> at org.apache.pdfbox.pdfwriter.compress.COSWriterCompressionPool.addElements(COSWriterCompressionPool.java:204) {code}
>
>
> You can replicate the issue with the following class:
>
>
> {code:java}
> public class StackOverflBookm {
> public static void main(String[] args) {
> for (int i = 1; i <= 1_111_111; i *= 2) {
> System.out.println(new java.text.DecimalFormat("#,###").format(i));
> try (org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.PDDocument document = new org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.PDDocument()) {
> org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.interactive.documentnavigation.outline.PDDocumentOutline outline =
> new org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.interactive.documentnavigation.outline.PDDocumentOutline();
> document.getDocumentCatalog().setDocumentOutline(outline);
> for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
> outline.addLast(new org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.interactive.documentnavigation.outline.PDOutlineItem());
> }
> document.save(new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream(),
> org.apache.pdfbox.pdfwriter.compress.CompressParameters.DEFAULT_COMPRESSION); // NO_COMPRESSION avoids the Error
> } catch (Throwable e) {
> e.printStackTrace(System.out);
> return;
> }
> }
> }
> }{code}
>
>
> Without compression it will create documents with up to over a million bookmarks (assuming sufficient heap size, 1 gigabyte is enough).
> But with the default compression the StackOverflowError will be thrown (on my Windows VMs, with a default stack size of about 1 megabyte, before reaching ten thousand bookmarks).
>
> Apparently the recursion depth of the two methods grows with the amount of bookmarks, until the Error is thrown.
>
> I have chosen the priority Critical, because an {{Error}} is thrown and, unlike Exceptions, likely not handled in integrations.
> Additionally, most integrations likely use the {{save}} methods without the second parameter, getting compression enabled by default.
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