[GitHub] [spark] viirya commented on a change in pull request #35534: [SPARK-38240][SQL] Improve RuntimeReplaceable and add a guideline for adding new functions

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viirya commented on a change in pull request #35534:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/35534#discussion_r809703070



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File path: sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala
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@@ -324,7 +326,36 @@ object FunctionRegistry {
 
   val FUNC_ALIAS = TreeNodeTag[String]("functionAliasName")
 
-  // Note: Whenever we add a new entry here, make sure we also update ExpressionToSQLSuite
+  // ==============================================================================================
+  //                          The guideline for adding SQL functions
+  // ==============================================================================================
+  // To add a SQL function, we usually need to create a new `Expression` for the function, and
+  // implement the function logic in both the interpretation code path and codegen code path of the
+  // `Expression`. We also need to define the type coercion behavior for the function inputs, by
+  // extending `ImplicitCastInputTypes` or updating type coercion rules directly.
+  //
+  // It's much simpler if the SQL function can be implemented with existing expression(s). There are
+  // a few cases:
+  //   - The function is simply an alias of another function. We can just register the same
+  //     expression with a different function name, e.g. `expression[Rand]("random", true)`.
+  //   - The function is mostly the same with another function, but has a different parameter list.
+  //     We can use `RuntimeReplaceable` to create a new expression, which can customize the
+  //     parameter list and analysis behavior (type coercion). The `RuntimeReplaceable` expression
+  //     will be replaced by the actual expression at the end of analysis. See `Left` as an example.

Review comment:
       Is `RuntimeReplaceable` replaced by the optimizer or the analyzer? Below it says by optimizer, but here seems by the analyzer?




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