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Posted to commits@airavata.apache.org by nd...@apache.org on 2015/05/01 23:33:06 UTC

[19/57] [partial] airavata-php-gateway git commit: AIRAVATA 1632 + Job Description for Admin Dashboard

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/airavata-php-gateway/blob/01413d65/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php
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diff --git a/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php b/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php
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+<?php namespace Illuminate\Database\Eloquent;
+
+use DateTime;
+use ArrayAccess;
+use Carbon\Carbon;
+use LogicException;
+use JsonSerializable;
+use Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Pivot;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphTo;
+use Illuminate\Support\Contracts\JsonableInterface;
+use Illuminate\Support\Contracts\ArrayableInterface;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Relation;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphOne;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder as QueryBuilder;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphToMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasManyThrough;
+use Illuminate\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface as Resolver;
+
+abstract class Model implements ArrayAccess, ArrayableInterface, JsonableInterface, JsonSerializable {
+
+	/**
+	 * The connection name for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $connection;
+
+	/**
+	 * The table associated with the model.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $table;
+
+	/**
+	 * The primary key for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $primaryKey = 'id';
+
+	/**
+	 * The number of models to return for pagination.
+	 *
+	 * @var int
+	 */
+	protected $perPage = 15;
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates if the IDs are auto-incrementing.
+	 *
+	 * @var bool
+	 */
+	public $incrementing = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates if the model should be timestamped.
+	 *
+	 * @var bool
+	 */
+	public $timestamps = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * The model's attributes.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $attributes = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The model attribute's original state.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $original = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The loaded relationships for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $relations = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $hidden = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The attributes that should be visible in arrays.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $visible = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The accessors to append to the model's array form.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $appends = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The attributes that are mass assignable.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $fillable = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The attributes that aren't mass assignable.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $guarded = array('*');
+
+	/**
+	 * The attributes that should be mutated to dates.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $dates = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The relationships that should be touched on save.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $touches = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * User exposed observable events
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $observables = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The relations to eager load on every query.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $with = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The class name to be used in polymorphic relations.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $morphClass;
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates if the model exists.
+	 *
+	 * @var bool
+	 */
+	public $exists = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates whether attributes are snake cased on arrays.
+	 *
+	 * @var bool
+	 */
+	public static $snakeAttributes = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * The connection resolver instance.
+	 *
+	 * @var \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface
+	 */
+	protected static $resolver;
+
+	/**
+	 * The event dispatcher instance.
+	 *
+	 * @var \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher
+	 */
+	protected static $dispatcher;
+
+	/**
+	 * The array of booted models.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected static $booted = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The array of global scopes on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected static $globalScopes = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates if all mass assignment is enabled.
+	 *
+	 * @var bool
+	 */
+	protected static $unguarded = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * The cache of the mutated attributes for each class.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected static $mutatorCache = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * The many to many relationship methods.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	public static $manyMethods = array('belongsToMany', 'morphToMany', 'morphedByMany');
+
+	/**
+	 * The name of the "created at" column.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	const CREATED_AT = 'created_at';
+
+	/**
+	 * The name of the "updated at" column.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	const UPDATED_AT = 'updated_at';
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new Eloquent model instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $attributes = array())
+	{
+		$this->bootIfNotBooted();
+
+		$this->syncOriginal();
+
+		$this->fill($attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Check if the model needs to be booted and if so, do it.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function bootIfNotBooted()
+	{
+		$class = get_class($this);
+
+		if ( ! isset(static::$booted[$class]))
+		{
+			static::$booted[$class] = true;
+
+			$this->fireModelEvent('booting', false);
+
+			static::boot();
+
+			$this->fireModelEvent('booted', false);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * The "booting" method of the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected static function boot()
+	{
+		$class = get_called_class();
+
+		static::$mutatorCache[$class] = array();
+
+		// Here we will extract all of the mutated attributes so that we can quickly
+		// spin through them after we export models to their array form, which we
+		// need to be fast. This will let us always know the attributes mutate.
+		foreach (get_class_methods($class) as $method)
+		{
+			if (preg_match('/^get(.+)Attribute$/', $method, $matches))
+			{
+				if (static::$snakeAttributes) $matches[1] = snake_case($matches[1]);
+
+				static::$mutatorCache[$class][] = lcfirst($matches[1]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		static::bootTraits();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Boot all of the bootable traits on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected static function bootTraits()
+	{
+		foreach (class_uses_recursive(get_called_class()) as $trait)
+		{
+			if (method_exists(get_called_class(), $method = 'boot'.class_basename($trait)))
+			{
+				forward_static_call([get_called_class(), $method]);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a new global scope on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ScopeInterface  $scope
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function addGlobalScope(ScopeInterface $scope)
+	{
+		static::$globalScopes[get_called_class()][get_class($scope)] = $scope;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if a model has a global scope.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ScopeInterface  $scope
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public static function hasGlobalScope($scope)
+	{
+		return ! is_null(static::getGlobalScope($scope));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a global scope registered with the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ScopeInterface  $scope
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ScopeInterface|null
+	 */
+	public static function getGlobalScope($scope)
+	{
+		return array_first(static::$globalScopes[get_called_class()], function($key, $value) use ($scope)
+		{
+			return $scope instanceof $value;
+		});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the global scopes for this class instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ScopeInterface[]
+	 */
+	public function getGlobalScopes()
+	{
+		return array_get(static::$globalScopes, get_class($this), []);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register an observer with the Model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  object  $class
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function observe($class)
+	{
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		$className = get_class($class);
+
+		// When registering a model observer, we will spin through the possible events
+		// and determine if this observer has that method. If it does, we will hook
+		// it into the model's event system, making it convenient to watch these.
+		foreach ($instance->getObservableEvents() as $event)
+		{
+			if (method_exists($class, $event))
+			{
+				static::registerModelEvent($event, $className.'@'.$event);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Fill the model with an array of attributes.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return $this
+	 *
+	 * @throws \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\MassAssignmentException
+	 */
+	public function fill(array $attributes)
+	{
+		$totallyGuarded = $this->totallyGuarded();
+
+		foreach ($this->fillableFromArray($attributes) as $key => $value)
+		{
+			$key = $this->removeTableFromKey($key);
+
+			// The developers may choose to place some attributes in the "fillable"
+			// array, which means only those attributes may be set through mass
+			// assignment to the model, and all others will just be ignored.
+			if ($this->isFillable($key))
+			{
+				$this->setAttribute($key, $value);
+			}
+			elseif ($totallyGuarded)
+			{
+				throw new MassAssignmentException($key);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the fillable attributes of a given array.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function fillableFromArray(array $attributes)
+	{
+		if (count($this->fillable) > 0 && ! static::$unguarded)
+		{
+			return array_intersect_key($attributes, array_flip($this->fillable));
+		}
+
+		return $attributes;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new instance of the given model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @param  bool   $exists
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public function newInstance($attributes = array(), $exists = false)
+	{
+		// This method just provides a convenient way for us to generate fresh model
+		// instances of this current model. It is particularly useful during the
+		// hydration of new objects via the Eloquent query builder instances.
+		$model = new static((array) $attributes);
+
+		$model->exists = $exists;
+
+		return $model;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new model instance that is existing.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public function newFromBuilder($attributes = array())
+	{
+		$instance = $this->newInstance(array(), true);
+
+		$instance->setRawAttributes((array) $attributes, true);
+
+		return $instance;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a collection of models from plain arrays.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $items
+	 * @param  string  $connection
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection
+	 */
+	public static function hydrate(array $items, $connection = null)
+	{
+		$collection = with($instance = new static)->newCollection();
+
+		foreach ($items as $item)
+		{
+			$model = $instance->newFromBuilder($item);
+
+			if ( ! is_null($connection))
+			{
+				$model->setConnection($connection);
+			}
+
+			$collection->push($model);
+		}
+
+		return $collection;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a collection of models from a raw query.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $query
+	 * @param  array  $bindings
+	 * @param  string  $connection
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection
+	 */
+	public static function hydrateRaw($query, $bindings = array(), $connection = null)
+	{
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		if ( ! is_null($connection))
+		{
+			$instance->setConnection($connection);
+		}
+
+		$items = $instance->getConnection()->select($query, $bindings);
+
+		return static::hydrate($items, $connection);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Save a new model and return the instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public static function create(array $attributes)
+	{
+		$model = new static($attributes);
+
+		$model->save();
+
+		return $model;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the first record matching the attributes or create it.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public static function firstOrCreate(array $attributes)
+	{
+		if ( ! is_null($instance = static::where($attributes)->first()))
+		{
+			return $instance;
+		}
+
+		return static::create($attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the first record matching the attributes or instantiate it.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public static function firstOrNew(array $attributes)
+	{
+		if ( ! is_null($instance = static::where($attributes)->first()))
+		{
+			return $instance;
+		}
+
+		return new static($attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create or update a record matching the attributes, and fill it with values.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @param  array  $values
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public static function updateOrCreate(array $attributes, array $values = array())
+	{
+		$instance = static::firstOrNew($attributes);
+
+		$instance->fill($values)->save();
+
+		return $instance;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the first model for the given attributes.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return static|null
+	 */
+	protected static function firstByAttributes($attributes)
+	{
+		return static::where($attributes)->first();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Begin querying the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public static function query()
+	{
+		return (new static)->newQuery();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Begin querying the model on a given connection.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $connection
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public static function on($connection = null)
+	{
+		// First we will just create a fresh instance of this model, and then we can
+		// set the connection on the model so that it is be used for the queries
+		// we execute, as well as being set on each relationship we retrieve.
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		$instance->setConnection($connection);
+
+		return $instance->newQuery();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Begin querying the model on the write connection.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder
+	 */
+	public static function onWriteConnection()
+	{
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		return $instance->newQuery()->useWritePdo();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get all of the models from the database.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $columns
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection|static[]
+	 */
+	public static function all($columns = array('*'))
+	{
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		return $instance->newQuery()->get($columns);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Find a model by its primary key.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $id
+	 * @param  array  $columns
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Support\Collection|static|null
+	 */
+	public static function find($id, $columns = array('*'))
+	{
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		if (is_array($id) && empty($id)) return $instance->newCollection();
+
+		return $instance->newQuery()->find($id, $columns);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Find a model by its primary key or return new static.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $id
+	 * @param  array  $columns
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Support\Collection|static
+	 */
+	public static function findOrNew($id, $columns = array('*'))
+	{
+		if ( ! is_null($model = static::find($id, $columns))) return $model;
+
+		return new static;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Find a model by its primary key or throw an exception.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $id
+	 * @param  array  $columns
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Support\Collection|static
+	 *
+	 * @throws \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ModelNotFoundException
+	 */
+	public static function findOrFail($id, $columns = array('*'))
+	{
+		if ( ! is_null($model = static::find($id, $columns))) return $model;
+
+		throw (new ModelNotFoundException)->setModel(get_called_class());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Eager load relations on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array|string  $relations
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function load($relations)
+	{
+		if (is_string($relations)) $relations = func_get_args();
+
+		$query = $this->newQuery()->with($relations);
+
+		$query->eagerLoadRelations(array($this));
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Being querying a model with eager loading.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array|string  $relations
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder|static
+	 */
+	public static function with($relations)
+	{
+		if (is_string($relations)) $relations = func_get_args();
+
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		return $instance->newQuery()->with($relations);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a one-to-one relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $localKey
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne
+	 */
+	public function hasOne($related, $foreignKey = null, $localKey = null)
+	{
+		$foreignKey = $foreignKey ?: $this->getForeignKey();
+
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		$localKey = $localKey ?: $this->getKeyName();
+
+		return new HasOne($instance->newQuery(), $this, $instance->getTable().'.'.$foreignKey, $localKey);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a polymorphic one-to-one relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @param  string  $type
+	 * @param  string  $id
+	 * @param  string  $localKey
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphOne
+	 */
+	public function morphOne($related, $name, $type = null, $id = null, $localKey = null)
+	{
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		list($type, $id) = $this->getMorphs($name, $type, $id);
+
+		$table = $instance->getTable();
+
+		$localKey = $localKey ?: $this->getKeyName();
+
+		return new MorphOne($instance->newQuery(), $this, $table.'.'.$type, $table.'.'.$id, $localKey);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define an inverse one-to-one or many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $otherKey
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
+	 */
+	public function belongsTo($related, $foreignKey = null, $otherKey = null, $relation = null)
+	{
+		// If no relation name was given, we will use this debug backtrace to extract
+		// the calling method's name and use that as the relationship name as most
+		// of the time this will be what we desire to use for the relationships.
+		if (is_null($relation))
+		{
+			list(, $caller) = debug_backtrace(false, 2);
+
+			$relation = $caller['function'];
+		}
+
+		// If no foreign key was supplied, we can use a backtrace to guess the proper
+		// foreign key name by using the name of the relationship function, which
+		// when combined with an "_id" should conventionally match the columns.
+		if (is_null($foreignKey))
+		{
+			$foreignKey = snake_case($relation).'_id';
+		}
+
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		// Once we have the foreign key names, we'll just create a new Eloquent query
+		// for the related models and returns the relationship instance which will
+		// actually be responsible for retrieving and hydrating every relations.
+		$query = $instance->newQuery();
+
+		$otherKey = $otherKey ?: $instance->getKeyName();
+
+		return new BelongsTo($query, $this, $foreignKey, $otherKey, $relation);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a polymorphic, inverse one-to-one or many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @param  string  $type
+	 * @param  string  $id
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphTo
+	 */
+	public function morphTo($name = null, $type = null, $id = null)
+	{
+		// If no name is provided, we will use the backtrace to get the function name
+		// since that is most likely the name of the polymorphic interface. We can
+		// use that to get both the class and foreign key that will be utilized.
+		if (is_null($name))
+		{
+			list(, $caller) = debug_backtrace(false, 2);
+
+			$name = snake_case($caller['function']);
+		}
+
+		list($type, $id) = $this->getMorphs($name, $type, $id);
+
+		// If the type value is null it is probably safe to assume we're eager loading
+		// the relationship. When that is the case we will pass in a dummy query as
+		// there are multiple types in the morph and we can't use single queries.
+		if (is_null($class = $this->$type))
+		{
+			return new MorphTo(
+				$this->newQuery(), $this, $id, null, $type, $name
+			);
+		}
+
+		// If we are not eager loading the relationship we will essentially treat this
+		// as a belongs-to style relationship since morph-to extends that class and
+		// we will pass in the appropriate values so that it behaves as expected.
+		else
+		{
+			$instance = new $class;
+
+			return new MorphTo(
+				$instance->newQuery(), $this, $id, $instance->getKeyName(), $type, $name
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a one-to-many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $localKey
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
+	 */
+	public function hasMany($related, $foreignKey = null, $localKey = null)
+	{
+		$foreignKey = $foreignKey ?: $this->getForeignKey();
+
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		$localKey = $localKey ?: $this->getKeyName();
+
+		return new HasMany($instance->newQuery(), $this, $instance->getTable().'.'.$foreignKey, $localKey);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a has-many-through relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $through
+	 * @param  string|null  $firstKey
+	 * @param  string|null  $secondKey
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasManyThrough
+	 */
+	public function hasManyThrough($related, $through, $firstKey = null, $secondKey = null)
+	{
+		$through = new $through;
+
+		$firstKey = $firstKey ?: $this->getForeignKey();
+
+		$secondKey = $secondKey ?: $through->getForeignKey();
+
+		return new HasManyThrough((new $related)->newQuery(), $this, $through, $firstKey, $secondKey);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a polymorphic one-to-many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @param  string  $type
+	 * @param  string  $id
+	 * @param  string  $localKey
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphMany
+	 */
+	public function morphMany($related, $name, $type = null, $id = null, $localKey = null)
+	{
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		// Here we will gather up the morph type and ID for the relationship so that we
+		// can properly query the intermediate table of a relation. Finally, we will
+		// get the table and create the relationship instances for the developers.
+		list($type, $id) = $this->getMorphs($name, $type, $id);
+
+		$table = $instance->getTable();
+
+		$localKey = $localKey ?: $this->getKeyName();
+
+		return new MorphMany($instance->newQuery(), $this, $table.'.'.$type, $table.'.'.$id, $localKey);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a many-to-many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $table
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $otherKey
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany
+	 */
+	public function belongsToMany($related, $table = null, $foreignKey = null, $otherKey = null, $relation = null)
+	{
+		// If no relationship name was passed, we will pull backtraces to get the
+		// name of the calling function. We will use that function name as the
+		// title of this relation since that is a great convention to apply.
+		if (is_null($relation))
+		{
+			$relation = $this->getBelongsToManyCaller();
+		}
+
+		// First, we'll need to determine the foreign key and "other key" for the
+		// relationship. Once we have determined the keys we'll make the query
+		// instances as well as the relationship instances we need for this.
+		$foreignKey = $foreignKey ?: $this->getForeignKey();
+
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		$otherKey = $otherKey ?: $instance->getForeignKey();
+
+		// If no table name was provided, we can guess it by concatenating the two
+		// models using underscores in alphabetical order. The two model names
+		// are transformed to snake case from their default CamelCase also.
+		if (is_null($table))
+		{
+			$table = $this->joiningTable($related);
+		}
+
+		// Now we're ready to create a new query builder for the related model and
+		// the relationship instances for the relation. The relations will set
+		// appropriate query constraint and entirely manages the hydrations.
+		$query = $instance->newQuery();
+
+		return new BelongsToMany($query, $this, $table, $foreignKey, $otherKey, $relation);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a polymorphic many-to-many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @param  string  $table
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $otherKey
+	 * @param  bool    $inverse
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphToMany
+	 */
+	public function morphToMany($related, $name, $table = null, $foreignKey = null, $otherKey = null, $inverse = false)
+	{
+		$caller = $this->getBelongsToManyCaller();
+
+		// First, we will need to determine the foreign key and "other key" for the
+		// relationship. Once we have determined the keys we will make the query
+		// instances, as well as the relationship instances we need for these.
+		$foreignKey = $foreignKey ?: $name.'_id';
+
+		$instance = new $related;
+
+		$otherKey = $otherKey ?: $instance->getForeignKey();
+
+		// Now we're ready to create a new query builder for this related model and
+		// the relationship instances for this relation. This relations will set
+		// appropriate query constraints then entirely manages the hydrations.
+		$query = $instance->newQuery();
+
+		$table = $table ?: str_plural($name);
+
+		return new MorphToMany(
+			$query, $this, $name, $table, $foreignKey,
+			$otherKey, $caller, $inverse
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Define a polymorphic, inverse many-to-many relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @param  string  $table
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $otherKey
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphToMany
+	 */
+	public function morphedByMany($related, $name, $table = null, $foreignKey = null, $otherKey = null)
+	{
+		$foreignKey = $foreignKey ?: $this->getForeignKey();
+
+		// For the inverse of the polymorphic many-to-many relations, we will change
+		// the way we determine the foreign and other keys, as it is the opposite
+		// of the morph-to-many method since we're figuring out these inverses.
+		$otherKey = $otherKey ?: $name.'_id';
+
+		return $this->morphToMany($related, $name, $table, $foreignKey, $otherKey, true);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the relationship name of the belongs to many.
+	 *
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	protected function getBelongsToManyCaller()
+	{
+		$self = __FUNCTION__;
+
+		$caller = array_first(debug_backtrace(false), function($key, $trace) use ($self)
+		{
+			$caller = $trace['function'];
+
+			return ( ! in_array($caller, Model::$manyMethods) && $caller != $self);
+		});
+
+		return ! is_null($caller) ? $caller['function'] : null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the joining table name for a many-to-many relation.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $related
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function joiningTable($related)
+	{
+		// The joining table name, by convention, is simply the snake cased models
+		// sorted alphabetically and concatenated with an underscore, so we can
+		// just sort the models and join them together to get the table name.
+		$base = snake_case(class_basename($this));
+
+		$related = snake_case(class_basename($related));
+
+		$models = array($related, $base);
+
+		// Now that we have the model names in an array we can just sort them and
+		// use the implode function to join them together with an underscores,
+		// which is typically used by convention within the database system.
+		sort($models);
+
+		return strtolower(implode('_', $models));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Destroy the models for the given IDs.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array|int  $ids
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	public static function destroy($ids)
+	{
+		// We'll initialize a count here so we will return the total number of deletes
+		// for the operation. The developers can then check this number as a boolean
+		// type value or get this total count of records deleted for logging, etc.
+		$count = 0;
+
+		$ids = is_array($ids) ? $ids : func_get_args();
+
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		// We will actually pull the models from the database table and call delete on
+		// each of them individually so that their events get fired properly with a
+		// correct set of attributes in case the developers wants to check these.
+		$key = $instance->getKeyName();
+
+		foreach ($instance->whereIn($key, $ids)->get() as $model)
+		{
+			if ($model->delete()) $count++;
+		}
+
+		return $count;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Delete the model from the database.
+	 *
+	 * @return bool|null
+	 * @throws \Exception
+	 */
+	public function delete()
+	{
+		if (is_null($this->primaryKey))
+		{
+			throw new \Exception("No primary key defined on model.");
+		}
+
+		if ($this->exists)
+		{
+			if ($this->fireModelEvent('deleting') === false) return false;
+
+			// Here, we'll touch the owning models, verifying these timestamps get updated
+			// for the models. This will allow any caching to get broken on the parents
+			// by the timestamp. Then we will go ahead and delete the model instance.
+			$this->touchOwners();
+
+			$this->performDeleteOnModel();
+
+			$this->exists = false;
+
+			// Once the model has been deleted, we will fire off the deleted event so that
+			// the developers may hook into post-delete operations. We will then return
+			// a boolean true as the delete is presumably successful on the database.
+			$this->fireModelEvent('deleted', false);
+
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Force a hard delete on a soft deleted model.
+	 *
+	 * This method protects developers from running forceDelete when trait is missing.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function forceDelete()
+	{
+		return $this->delete();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Perform the actual delete query on this model instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function performDeleteOnModel()
+	{
+		$this->newQuery()->where($this->getKeyName(), $this->getKey())->delete();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a saving model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function saving($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('saving', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a saved model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function saved($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('saved', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register an updating model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function updating($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('updating', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register an updated model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function updated($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('updated', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a creating model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function creating($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('creating', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a created model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function created($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('created', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a deleting model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function deleting($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('deleting', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a deleted model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function deleted($callback)
+	{
+		static::registerModelEvent('deleted', $callback);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Remove all of the event listeners for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function flushEventListeners()
+	{
+		if ( ! isset(static::$dispatcher)) return;
+
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		foreach ($instance->getObservableEvents() as $event)
+		{
+			static::$dispatcher->forget("eloquent.{$event}: ".get_called_class());
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a model event with the dispatcher.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $event
+	 * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected static function registerModelEvent($event, $callback)
+	{
+		if (isset(static::$dispatcher))
+		{
+			$name = get_called_class();
+
+			static::$dispatcher->listen("eloquent.{$event}: {$name}", $callback);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the observable event names.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getObservableEvents()
+	{
+		return array_merge(
+			array(
+				'creating', 'created', 'updating', 'updated',
+				'deleting', 'deleted', 'saving', 'saved',
+				'restoring', 'restored',
+			),
+			$this->observables
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the observable event names.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $observables
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setObservableEvents(array $observables)
+	{
+		$this->observables = $observables;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Add an observable event name.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $observables
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function addObservableEvents($observables)
+	{
+		$observables = is_array($observables) ? $observables : func_get_args();
+
+		$this->observables = array_unique(array_merge($this->observables, $observables));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Remove an observable event name.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $observables
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function removeObservableEvents($observables)
+	{
+		$observables = is_array($observables) ? $observables : func_get_args();
+
+		$this->observables = array_diff($this->observables, $observables);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Increment a column's value by a given amount.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $column
+	 * @param  int     $amount
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	protected function increment($column, $amount = 1)
+	{
+		return $this->incrementOrDecrement($column, $amount, 'increment');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Decrement a column's value by a given amount.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $column
+	 * @param  int     $amount
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	protected function decrement($column, $amount = 1)
+	{
+		return $this->incrementOrDecrement($column, $amount, 'decrement');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Run the increment or decrement method on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $column
+	 * @param  int     $amount
+	 * @param  string  $method
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	protected function incrementOrDecrement($column, $amount, $method)
+	{
+		$query = $this->newQuery();
+
+		if ( ! $this->exists)
+		{
+			return $query->{$method}($column, $amount);
+		}
+
+		$this->incrementOrDecrementAttributeValue($column, $amount, $method);
+
+		return $query->where($this->getKeyName(), $this->getKey())->{$method}($column, $amount);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Increment the underlying attribute value and sync with original.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $column
+	 * @param  int     $amount
+	 * @param  string  $method
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function incrementOrDecrementAttributeValue($column, $amount, $method)
+	{
+		$this->{$column} = $this->{$column} + ($method == 'increment' ? $amount : $amount * -1);
+
+		$this->syncOriginalAttribute($column);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Update the model in the database.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return bool|int
+	 */
+	public function update(array $attributes = array())
+	{
+		if ( ! $this->exists)
+		{
+			return $this->newQuery()->update($attributes);
+		}
+
+		return $this->fill($attributes)->save();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Save the model and all of its relationships.
+	 *
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function push()
+	{
+		if ( ! $this->save()) return false;
+
+		// To sync all of the relationships to the database, we will simply spin through
+		// the relationships and save each model via this "push" method, which allows
+		// us to recurse into all of these nested relations for the model instance.
+		foreach ($this->relations as $models)
+		{
+			foreach (Collection::make($models) as $model)
+			{
+				if ( ! $model->push()) return false;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Save the model to the database.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $options
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function save(array $options = array())
+	{
+		$query = $this->newQueryWithoutScopes();
+
+		// If the "saving" event returns false we'll bail out of the save and return
+		// false, indicating that the save failed. This provides a chance for any
+		// listeners to cancel save operations if validations fail or whatever.
+		if ($this->fireModelEvent('saving') === false)
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		// If the model already exists in the database we can just update our record
+		// that is already in this database using the current IDs in this "where"
+		// clause to only update this model. Otherwise, we'll just insert them.
+		if ($this->exists)
+		{
+			$saved = $this->performUpdate($query, $options);
+		}
+
+		// If the model is brand new, we'll insert it into our database and set the
+		// ID attribute on the model to the value of the newly inserted row's ID
+		// which is typically an auto-increment value managed by the database.
+		else
+		{
+			$saved = $this->performInsert($query, $options);
+		}
+
+		if ($saved) $this->finishSave($options);
+
+		return $saved;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Finish processing on a successful save operation.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $options
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function finishSave(array $options)
+	{
+		$this->fireModelEvent('saved', false);
+
+		$this->syncOriginal();
+
+		if (array_get($options, 'touch', true)) $this->touchOwners();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Perform a model update operation.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+	 * @param  array  $options
+	 * @return bool|null
+	 */
+	protected function performUpdate(Builder $query, array $options = [])
+	{
+		$dirty = $this->getDirty();
+
+		if (count($dirty) > 0)
+		{
+			// If the updating event returns false, we will cancel the update operation so
+			// developers can hook Validation systems into their models and cancel this
+			// operation if the model does not pass validation. Otherwise, we update.
+			if ($this->fireModelEvent('updating') === false)
+			{
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			// First we need to create a fresh query instance and touch the creation and
+			// update timestamp on the model which are maintained by us for developer
+			// convenience. Then we will just continue saving the model instances.
+			if ($this->timestamps && array_get($options, 'timestamps', true))
+			{
+				$this->updateTimestamps();
+			}
+
+			// Once we have run the update operation, we will fire the "updated" event for
+			// this model instance. This will allow developers to hook into these after
+			// models are updated, giving them a chance to do any special processing.
+			$dirty = $this->getDirty();
+
+			if (count($dirty) > 0)
+			{
+				$this->setKeysForSaveQuery($query)->update($dirty);
+
+				$this->fireModelEvent('updated', false);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Perform a model insert operation.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+	 * @param  array  $options
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	protected function performInsert(Builder $query, array $options = [])
+	{
+		if ($this->fireModelEvent('creating') === false) return false;
+
+		// First we'll need to create a fresh query instance and touch the creation and
+		// update timestamps on this model, which are maintained by us for developer
+		// convenience. After, we will just continue saving these model instances.
+		if ($this->timestamps && array_get($options, 'timestamps', true))
+		{
+			$this->updateTimestamps();
+		}
+
+		// If the model has an incrementing key, we can use the "insertGetId" method on
+		// the query builder, which will give us back the final inserted ID for this
+		// table from the database. Not all tables have to be incrementing though.
+		$attributes = $this->attributes;
+
+		if ($this->incrementing)
+		{
+			$this->insertAndSetId($query, $attributes);
+		}
+
+		// If the table is not incrementing we'll simply insert this attributes as they
+		// are, as this attributes arrays must contain an "id" column already placed
+		// there by the developer as the manually determined key for these models.
+		else
+		{
+			$query->insert($attributes);
+		}
+
+		// We will go ahead and set the exists property to true, so that it is set when
+		// the created event is fired, just in case the developer tries to update it
+		// during the event. This will allow them to do so and run an update here.
+		$this->exists = true;
+
+		$this->fireModelEvent('created', false);
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Insert the given attributes and set the ID on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function insertAndSetId(Builder $query, $attributes)
+	{
+		$id = $query->insertGetId($attributes, $keyName = $this->getKeyName());
+
+		$this->setAttribute($keyName, $id);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Touch the owning relations of the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function touchOwners()
+	{
+		foreach ($this->touches as $relation)
+		{
+			$this->$relation()->touch();
+
+			if ( ! is_null($this->$relation))
+			{
+				$this->$relation->touchOwners();
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the model touches a given relation.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function touches($relation)
+	{
+		return in_array($relation, $this->touches);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Fire the given event for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $event
+	 * @param  bool    $halt
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function fireModelEvent($event, $halt = true)
+	{
+		if ( ! isset(static::$dispatcher)) return true;
+
+		// We will append the names of the class to the event to distinguish it from
+		// other model events that are fired, allowing us to listen on each model
+		// event set individually instead of catching event for all the models.
+		$event = "eloquent.{$event}: ".get_class($this);
+
+		$method = $halt ? 'until' : 'fire';
+
+		return static::$dispatcher->$method($event, $this);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the keys for a save update query.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	protected function setKeysForSaveQuery(Builder $query)
+	{
+		$query->where($this->getKeyName(), '=', $this->getKeyForSaveQuery());
+
+		return $query;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the primary key value for a save query.
+	 *
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function getKeyForSaveQuery()
+	{
+		if (isset($this->original[$this->getKeyName()]))
+		{
+			return $this->original[$this->getKeyName()];
+		}
+
+		return $this->getAttribute($this->getKeyName());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Update the model's update timestamp.
+	 *
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function touch()
+	{
+		$this->updateTimestamps();
+
+		return $this->save();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Update the creation and update timestamps.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function updateTimestamps()
+	{
+		$time = $this->freshTimestamp();
+
+		if ( ! $this->isDirty(static::UPDATED_AT))
+		{
+			$this->setUpdatedAt($time);
+		}
+
+		if ( ! $this->exists && ! $this->isDirty(static::CREATED_AT))
+		{
+			$this->setCreatedAt($time);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the value of the "created at" attribute.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $value
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setCreatedAt($value)
+	{
+		$this->{static::CREATED_AT} = $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the value of the "updated at" attribute.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $value
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setUpdatedAt($value)
+	{
+		$this->{static::UPDATED_AT} = $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the name of the "created at" column.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getCreatedAtColumn()
+	{
+		return static::CREATED_AT;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the name of the "updated at" column.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getUpdatedAtColumn()
+	{
+		return static::UPDATED_AT;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a fresh timestamp for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Carbon\Carbon
+	 */
+	public function freshTimestamp()
+	{
+		return new Carbon;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a fresh timestamp for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function freshTimestampString()
+	{
+		return $this->fromDateTime($this->freshTimestamp());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a new query builder for the model's table.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public function newQuery()
+	{
+		$builder = $this->newQueryWithoutScopes();
+
+		return $this->applyGlobalScopes($builder);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a new query instance without a given scope.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ScopeInterface  $scope
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public function newQueryWithoutScope($scope)
+	{
+		$this->getGlobalScope($scope)->remove($builder = $this->newQuery(), $this);
+
+		return $builder;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a new query builder that doesn't have any global scopes.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder|static
+	 */
+	public function newQueryWithoutScopes()
+	{
+		$builder = $this->newEloquentBuilder(
+			$this->newBaseQueryBuilder()
+		);
+
+		// Once we have the query builders, we will set the model instances so the
+		// builder can easily access any information it may need from the model
+		// while it is constructing and executing various queries against it.
+		return $builder->setModel($this)->with($this->with);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Apply all of the global scopes to an Eloquent builder.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $builder
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public function applyGlobalScopes($builder)
+	{
+		foreach ($this->getGlobalScopes() as $scope)
+		{
+			$scope->apply($builder, $this);
+		}
+
+		return $builder;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Remove all of the global scopes from an Eloquent builder.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $builder
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public function removeGlobalScopes($builder)
+	{
+		foreach ($this->getGlobalScopes() as $scope)
+		{
+			$scope->remove($builder, $this);
+		}
+
+		return $builder;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new Eloquent query builder for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder $query
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder|static
+	 */
+	public function newEloquentBuilder($query)
+	{
+		return new Builder($query);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a new query builder instance for the connection.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder
+	 */
+	protected function newBaseQueryBuilder()
+	{
+		$conn = $this->getConnection();
+
+		$grammar = $conn->getQueryGrammar();
+
+		return new QueryBuilder($conn, $grammar, $conn->getPostProcessor());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new Eloquent Collection instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $models
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection
+	 */
+	public function newCollection(array $models = array())
+	{
+		return new Collection($models);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new pivot model instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model  $parent
+	 * @param  array   $attributes
+	 * @param  string  $table
+	 * @param  bool    $exists
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Pivot
+	 */
+	public function newPivot(Model $parent, array $attributes, $table, $exists)
+	{
+		return new Pivot($parent, $attributes, $table, $exists);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the table associated with the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getTable()
+	{
+		if (isset($this->table)) return $this->table;
+
+		return str_replace('\\', '', snake_case(str_plural(class_basename($this))));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the table associated with the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $table
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setTable($table)
+	{
+		$this->table = $table;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the value of the model's primary key.
+	 *
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function getKey()
+	{
+		return $this->getAttribute($this->getKeyName());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the primary key for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getKeyName()
+	{
+		return $this->primaryKey;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the primary key for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setKeyName($key)
+	{
+		$this->primaryKey = $key;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the table qualified key name.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getQualifiedKeyName()
+	{
+		return $this->getTable().'.'.$this->getKeyName();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the model uses timestamps.
+	 *
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function usesTimestamps()
+	{
+		return $this->timestamps;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the polymorphic relationship columns.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @param  string  $type
+	 * @param  string  $id
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function getMorphs($name, $type, $id)
+	{
+		$type = $type ?: $name.'_type';
+
+		$id = $id ?: $name.'_id';
+
+		return array($type, $id);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the class name for polymorphic relations.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getMorphClass()
+	{
+		return $this->morphClass ?: get_class($this);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the number of models to return per page.
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	public function getPerPage()
+	{
+		return $this->perPage;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the number of models to return per page.
+	 *
+	 * @param  int   $perPage
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setPerPage($perPage)
+	{
+		$this->perPage = $perPage;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the default foreign key name for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getForeignKey()
+	{
+		return snake_case(class_basename($this)).'_id';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the hidden attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getHidden()
+	{
+		return $this->hidden;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the hidden attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $hidden
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setHidden(array $hidden)
+	{
+		$this->hidden = $hidden;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the visible attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $visible
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setVisible(array $visible)
+	{
+		$this->visible = $visible;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the accessors to append to model arrays.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $appends
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setAppends(array $appends)
+	{
+		$this->appends = $appends;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the fillable attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getFillable()
+	{
+		return $this->fillable;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the fillable attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $fillable
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function fillable(array $fillable)
+	{
+		$this->fillable = $fillable;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * get the guarded attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getGuarded()
+	{
+		return $this->guarded;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the guarded attributes for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $guarded
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function guard(array $guarded)
+	{
+		$this->guarded = $guarded;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Disable all mass assignable restrictions.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function unguard()
+	{
+		static::$unguarded = true;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Enable the mass assignment restrictions.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function reguard()
+	{
+		static::$unguarded = false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set "unguard" to a given state.
+	 *
+	 * @param  bool  $state
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function setUnguardState($state)
+	{
+		static::$unguarded = $state;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the given attribute may be mass assigned.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function isFillable($key)
+	{
+		if (static::$unguarded) return true;
+
+		// If the key is in the "fillable" array, we can of course assume that it's
+		// a fillable attribute. Otherwise, we will check the guarded array when
+		// we need to determine if the attribute is black-listed on the model.
+		if (in_array($key, $this->fillable)) return true;
+
+		if ($this->isGuarded($key)) return false;
+
+		return empty($this->fillable) && ! starts_with($key, '_');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the given key is guarded.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function isGuarded($key)
+	{
+		return in_array($key, $this->guarded) || $this->guarded == array('*');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the model is totally guarded.
+	 *
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function totallyGuarded()
+	{
+		return count($this->fillable) == 0 && $this->guarded == array('*');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Remove the table name from a given key.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	protected function removeTableFromKey($key)
+	{
+		if ( ! str_contains($key, '.')) return $key;
+
+		return last(explode('.', $key));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the relationships that are touched on save.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getTouchedRelations()
+	{
+		return $this->touches;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the relationships that are touched on save.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $touches
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setTouchedRelations(array $touches)
+	{
+		$this->touches = $touches;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the value indicating whether the IDs are incrementing.
+	 *
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function getIncrementing()
+	{
+		return $this->incrementing;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set whether IDs are incrementing.
+	 *
+	 * @param  bool  $value
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setIncrementing($value)
+	{
+		$this->incrementing = $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert the model instance to JSON.
+	 *
+	 * @param  int  $options
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function toJson($options = 0)
+	{
+		return json_encode($this->toArray(), $options);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert the object into something JSON serializable.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function jsonSerialize()
+	{
+		return $this->toArray();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert the model instance to an array.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function toArray()
+	{
+		$attributes = $this->attributesToArray();
+
+		return array_merge($attributes, $this->relationsToArray());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert the model's attributes to an array.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function attributesToArray()
+	{
+		$attributes = $this->getArrayableAttributes();
+
+		// If an attribute is a date, we will cast it to a string after converting it
+		// to a DateTime / Carbon instance. This is so we will get some consistent
+		// formatting while accessing attributes vs. arraying / JSONing a model.
+		foreach ($this->getDates() as $key)
+		{
+			if ( ! isset($attributes[$key])) continue;
+
+			$attributes[$key] = (string) $this->asDateTime($attributes[$key]);
+		}
+
+		// We want to spin through all the mutated attributes for this model and call
+		// the mutator for the attribute. We cache off every mutated attributes so
+		// we don't have to constantly check on attributes that actually change.
+		foreach ($this->getMutatedAttributes() as $key)
+		{
+			if ( ! array_key_exists($key, $attributes)) continue;
+
+			$attributes[$key] = $this->mutateAttributeForArray(
+				$key, $attributes[$key]
+			);
+		}
+
+		// Here we will grab all of the appended, calculated attributes to this model
+		// as these attributes are not really in the attributes array, but are run
+		// when we need to array or JSON the model for convenience to the coder.
+		foreach ($this->getArrayableAppends() as $key)
+		{
+			$attributes[$key] = $this->mutateAttributeForArray($key, null);
+		}
+
+		return $attributes;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get an attribute array of all arrayable attributes.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function getArrayableAttributes()
+	{
+		return $this->getArrayableItems($this->attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get all of the appendable values that are arrayable.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function getArrayableAppends()
+	{
+		if ( ! count($this->appends)) return [];
+
+		return $this->getArrayableItems(
+			array_combine($this->appends, $this->appends)
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the model's relationships in array form.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function relationsToArray()
+	{
+		$attributes = array();
+
+		foreach ($this->getArrayableRelations() as $key => $value)
+		{
+			if (in_array($key, $this->hidden)) continue;
+
+			// If the values implements the Arrayable interface we can just call this
+			// toArray method on the instances which will convert both models and
+			// collections to their proper array form and we'll set the values.
+			if ($value instanceof ArrayableInterface)
+			{
+				$relation = $value->toArray();
+			}
+
+			// If the value is null, we'll still go ahead and set it in this list of
+			// attributes since null is used to represent empty relationships if
+			// if it a has one or belongs to type relationships on the models.
+			elseif (is_null($value))
+			{
+				$relation = $value;
+			}
+
+			// If the relationships snake-casing is enabled, we will snake case this
+			// key so that the relation attribute is snake cased in this returned
+			// array to the developers, making this consistent with attributes.
+			if (static::$snakeAttributes)
+			{
+				$key = snake_case($key);
+			}
+
+			// If the relation value has been set, we will set it on this attributes
+			// list for returning. If it was not arrayable or null, we'll not set
+			// the value on the array because it is some type of invalid value.
+			if (isset($relation) || is_null($value))
+			{
+				$attributes[$key] = $relation;
+			}
+
+			unset($relation);
+		}
+
+		return $attributes;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get an attribute array of all arrayable relations.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function getArrayableRelations()
+	{
+		return $this->getArrayableItems($this->relations);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get an attribute array of all arrayable values.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $values
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function getArrayableItems(array $values)
+	{
+		if (count($this->visible) > 0)
+		{
+			return array_intersect_key($values, array_flip($this->visible));
+		}
+
+		return array_diff_key($values, array_flip($this->hidden));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get an attribute from the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function getAttribute($key)
+	{
+		$inAttributes = array_key_exists($key, $this->attributes);
+
+		// If the key references an attribute, we can just go ahead and return the
+		// plain attribute value from the model. This allows every attribute to
+		// be dynamically accessed through the _get method without accessors.
+		if ($inAttributes || $this->hasGetMutator($key))
+		{
+			return $this->getAttributeValue($key);
+		}
+
+		// If the key already exists in the relationships array, it just means the
+		// relationship has already been loaded, so we'll just return it out of
+		// here because there is no need to query within the relations twice.
+		if (array_key_exists($key, $this->relations))
+		{
+			return $this->relations[$key];
+		}
+
+		// If the "attribute" exists as a method on the model, we will just assume
+		// it is a relationship and will load and return results from the query
+		// and hydrate the relationship's value on the "relationships" array.
+		$camelKey = camel_case($key);
+
+		if (method_exists($this, $camelKey))
+		{
+			return $this->getRelationshipFromMethod($key, $camelKey);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a plain attribute (not a relationship).
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function getAttributeValue($key)
+	{
+		$value = $this->getAttributeFromArray($key);
+
+		// If the attribute has a get mutator, we will call that then return what
+		// it returns as the value, which is useful for transforming values on
+		// retrieval from the model to a form that is more useful for usage.
+		if ($this->hasGetMutator($key))
+		{
+			return $this->mutateAttribute($key, $value);
+		}
+
+		// If the attribute is listed as a date, we will convert it to a DateTime
+		// instance on retrieval, which makes it quite convenient to work with
+		// date fields without having to create a mutator for each property.
+		elseif (in_array($key, $this->getDates()))
+		{
+			if ($value) return $this->asDateTime($value);
+		}
+
+		return $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get an attribute from the $attributes array.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function getAttributeFromArray($key)
+	{
+		if (array_key_exists($key, $this->attributes))
+		{
+			return $this->attributes[$key];
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a relationship value from a method.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @param  string  $camelKey
+	 * @return mixed
+	 *
+	 * @throws \LogicException
+	 */
+	protected function getRelationshipFromMethod($key, $camelKey)
+	{
+		$relations = $this->$camelKey();
+
+		if ( ! $relations instanceof Relation)
+		{
+			throw new LogicException('Relationship method must return an object of type '
+				. 'Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Relation');
+		}
+
+		return $this->relations[$key] = $relations->getResults();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if a get mutator exists for an attribute.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function hasGetMutator($key)
+	{
+		return method_exists($this, 'get'.studly_case($key).'Attribute');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the value of an attribute using its mutator.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @param  mixed   $value
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function mutateAttribute($key, $value)
+	{
+		return $this->{'get'.studly_case($key).'Attribute'}($value);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the value of an attribute using its mutator for array conversion.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @param  mixed   $value
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function mutateAttributeForArray($key, $value)
+	{
+		$value = $this->mutateAttribute($key, $value);
+
+		return $value instanceof ArrayableInterface ? $value->toArray() : $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set a given attribute on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @param  mixed   $value
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setAttribute($key, $value)
+	{
+		// First we will check for the presence of a mutator for the set operation
+		// which simply lets the developers tweak the attribute as it is set on
+		// the model, such as "json_encoding" an listing of data for storage.
+		if ($this->hasSetMutator($key))
+		{
+			$method = 'set'.studly_case($key).'Attribute';
+
+			return $this->{$method}($value);
+		}
+
+		// If an attribute is listed as a "date", we'll convert it from a DateTime
+		// instance into a form proper for storage on the database tables using
+		// the connection grammar's date format. We will auto set the values.
+		elseif (in_array($key, $this->getDates()) && $value)
+		{
+			$value = $this->fromDateTime($value);
+		}
+
+		$this->attributes[$key] = $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if a set mutator exists for an attribute.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function hasSetMutator($key)
+	{
+		return method_exists($this, 'set'.studly_case($key).'Attribute');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the attributes that should be converted to dates.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getDates()
+	{
+		$defaults = array(static::CREATED_AT, static::UPDATED_AT);
+
+		return array_merge($this->dates, $defaults);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert a DateTime to a storable string.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \DateTime|int  $value
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function fromDateTime($value)
+	{
+		$format = $this->getDateFormat();
+
+		// If the value is already a DateTime instance, we will just skip the rest of
+		// these checks since they will be a waste of time, and hinder performance
+		// when checking the field. We will just return the DateTime right away.
+		if ($value instanceof DateTime)
+		{
+			//
+		}
+
+		// If the value is totally numeric, we will assume it is a UNIX timestamp and
+		// format the date as such. Once we have the date in DateTime form we will
+		// format it according to the proper format for the database connection.
+		elseif (is_numeric($value))
+		{
+			$value = Carbon::createFromTimestamp($value);
+		}
+
+		// If the value is in simple year, month, day format, we will format it using
+		// that setup. This is for simple "date" fields which do not have hours on
+		// the field. This conveniently picks up those dates and format correct.
+		elseif (preg_match('/^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/', $value))
+		{
+			$value = Carbon::createFromFormat('Y-m-d', $value)->startOfDay();
+		}
+
+		// If this value is some other type of string, we'll create the DateTime with
+		// the format used by the database connection. Once we get the instance we
+		// can return back the finally formatted DateTime instances to the devs.
+		else
+		{
+			$value = Carbon::createFromFormat($format, $value);
+		}
+
+		return $value->format($format);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a timestamp as DateTime object.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $value
+	 * @return \Carbon\Carbon
+	 */
+	protected function asDateTime($value)
+	{
+		// If this value is an integer, we will assume it is a UNIX timestamp's value
+		// and format a Carbon object from this timestamp. This allows flexibility
+		// when defining your date fields as they might be UNIX timestamps here.
+		if (is_numeric($value))
+		{
+			return Carbon::createFromTimestamp($value);
+		}
+
+		// If the value is in simply year, month, day format, we will instantiate the
+		// Carbon instances from that format. Again, this provides for simple date
+		// fields on the database, while still supporting Carbonized conversion.
+		elseif (preg_match('/^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/', $value))
+		{
+			return Carbon::createFromFormat('Y-m-d', $value)->startOfDay();
+		}
+
+		// Finally, we will just assume this date is in the format used by default on
+		// the database connection and use that format to create the Carbon object
+		// that is returned back out to the developers after we convert it here.
+		elseif ( ! $value instanceof DateTime)
+		{
+			$format = $this->getDateFormat();
+
+			return Carbon::createFromFormat($format, $value);
+		}
+
+		return Carbon::instance($value);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the format for database stored dates.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	protected function getDateFormat()
+	{
+		return $this->getConnection()->getQueryGrammar()->getDateFormat();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Clone the model into a new, non-existing instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $except
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model
+	 */
+	public function replicate(array $except = null)
+	{
+		$except = $except ?: [
+			$this->getKeyName(),
+			$this->getCreatedAtColumn(),
+			$this->getUpdatedAtColumn(),
+		];
+
+		$attributes = array_except($this->attributes, $except);
+
+		with($instance = new static)->setRawAttributes($attributes);
+
+		return $instance->setRelations($this->relations);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get all of the current attributes on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getAttributes()
+	{
+		return $this->attributes;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the array of model attributes. No checking is done.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @param  bool   $sync
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function setRawAttributes(array $attributes, $sync = false)
+	{
+		$this->attributes = $attributes;
+
+		if ($sync) $this->syncOriginal();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the model's original attribute values.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @param  mixed   $default
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getOriginal($key = null, $default = null)
+	{
+		return array_get($this->original, $key, $default);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sync the original attributes with the current.
+	 *
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function syncOriginal()
+	{
+		$this->original = $this->attributes;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sync a single original attribute with its current value.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $attribute
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function syncOriginalAttribute($attribute)
+	{
+		$this->original[$attribute] = $this->attributes[$attribute];
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the model or given attribute(s) have been modified.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array|string|null  $attributes
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function isDirty($attributes = null)
+	{
+		$dirty = $this->getDirty();
+
+		if (is_null($attributes)) return count($dirty) > 0;
+
+		if ( ! is_array($attributes)) $attributes = func_get_args();
+
+		foreach ($attributes as $attribute)
+		{
+			if (array_key_exists($attribute, $dirty)) return true;
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the attributes that have been changed since last sync.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getDirty()
+	{
+		$dirty = array();
+
+		foreach ($this->attributes as $key => $value)
+		{
+			if ( ! array_key_exists($key, $this->original))
+			{
+				$dirty[$key] = $value;
+			}
+			elseif ($value !== $this->original[$key] &&
+                                 ! $this->originalIsNumericallyEquivalent($key))
+			{
+				$dirty[$key] = $value;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $dirty;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the new and old values for a given key are numerically equivalent.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	protected function originalIsNumericallyEquivalent($key)
+	{
+		$current = $this->attributes[$key];
+
+		$original = $this->original[$key];
+
+		return is_numeric($current) && is_numeric($original) && strcmp((string) $current, (string) $original) === 0;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get all the loaded relations for the instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getRelations()
+	{
+		return $this->relations;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a specified relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function getRelation($relation)
+	{
+		return $this->relations[$relation];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the specific relationship in the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @param  mixed   $value
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function setRelation($relation, $value)
+	{
+		$this->relations[$relation] = $value;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the entire relations array on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $relations
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function setRelations(array $relations)
+	{
+		$this->relations = $relations;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the database connection for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Connection
+	 */
+	public function getConnection()
+	{
+		return static::resolveConnection($this->connection);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the current connection name for the model.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getConnectionName()
+	{
+		return $this->connection;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the connection associated with the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $name
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function setConnection($name)
+	{
+		$this->connection = $name;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Resolve a connection instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $connection
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Connection
+	 */
+	public static function resolveConnection($connection = null)
+	{
+		return static::$resolver->connection($connection);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the connection resolver instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface
+	 */
+	public static function getConnectionResolver()
+	{
+		return static::$resolver;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the connection resolver instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface  $resolver
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function setConnectionResolver(Resolver $resolver)
+	{
+		static::$resolver = $resolver;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Unset the connection resolver for models.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function unsetConnectionResolver()
+	{
+		static::$resolver = null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the event dispatcher instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher
+	 */
+	public static function getEventDispatcher()
+	{
+		return static::$dispatcher;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the event dispatcher instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher  $dispatcher
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function setEventDispatcher(Dispatcher $dispatcher)
+	{
+		static::$dispatcher = $dispatcher;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Unset the event dispatcher for models.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public static function unsetEventDispatcher()
+	{
+		static::$dispatcher = null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the mutated attributes for a given instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function getMutatedAttributes()
+	{
+		$class = get_class($this);
+
+		if (isset(static::$mutatorCache[$class]))
+		{
+			return static::$mutatorCache[$class];
+		}
+
+		return array();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Dynamically retrieve attributes on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function __get($key)
+	{
+		return $this->getAttribute($key);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Dynamically set attributes on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @param  mixed   $value
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function __set($key, $value)
+	{
+		$this->setAttribute($key, $value);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if the given attribute exists.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $offset
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function offsetExists($offset)
+	{
+		return isset($this->$offset);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the value for a given offset.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $offset
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function offsetGet($offset)
+	{
+		return $this->$offset;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the value for a given offset.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $offset
+	 * @param  mixed  $value
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
+	{
+		$this->$offset = $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Unset the value for a given offset.
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed  $offset
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function offsetUnset($offset)
+	{
+		unset($this->$offset);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Determine if an attribute exists on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function __isset($key)
+	{
+		return ((isset($this->attributes[$key]) || isset($this->relations[$key])) ||
+				($this->hasGetMutator($key) && ! is_null($this->getAttributeValue($key))));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Unset an attribute on the model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $key
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function __unset($key)
+	{
+		unset($this->attributes[$key], $this->relations[$key]);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Handle dynamic method calls into the method.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $method
+	 * @param  array   $parameters
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function __call($method, $parameters)
+	{
+		if (in_array($method, array('increment', 'decrement')))
+		{
+			return call_user_func_array(array($this, $method), $parameters);
+		}
+
+		$query = $this->newQuery();
+
+		return call_user_func_array(array($query, $method), $parameters);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Handle dynamic static method calls into the method.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $method
+	 * @param  array   $parameters
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
+	{
+		$instance = new static;
+
+		return call_user_func_array(array($instance, $method), $parameters);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert the model to its string representation.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function __toString()
+	{
+		return $this->toJson();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * When a model is being unserialized, check if it needs to be booted.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function __wakeup()
+	{
+		$this->bootIfNotBooted();
+	}
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/airavata-php-gateway/blob/01413d65/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/ModelNotFoundException.php
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/ModelNotFoundException.php b/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/ModelNotFoundException.php
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..db98c25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/ModelNotFoundException.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php namespace Illuminate\Database\Eloquent;
+
+class ModelNotFoundException extends \RuntimeException {
+
+	/**
+	 * Name of the affected Eloquent model.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $model;
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the affected Eloquent model.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string   $model
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function setModel($model)
+	{
+		$this->model = $model;
+
+		$this->message = "No query results for model [{$model}].";
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the affected Eloquent model.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getModel()
+	{
+		return $this->model;
+	}
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/airavata-php-gateway/blob/01413d65/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php b/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8cd1337
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/BelongsTo.php
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+<?php namespace Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
+use Illuminate\Database\Query\Expression;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
+
+class BelongsTo extends Relation {
+
+	/**
+	 * The foreign key of the parent model.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $foreignKey;
+
+	/**
+	 * The associated key on the parent model.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $otherKey;
+
+	/**
+	 * The name of the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $relation;
+
+	/**
+	 * Create a new belongs to relationship instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model  $parent
+	 * @param  string  $foreignKey
+	 * @param  string  $otherKey
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function __construct(Builder $query, Model $parent, $foreignKey, $otherKey, $relation)
+	{
+		$this->otherKey = $otherKey;
+		$this->relation = $relation;
+		$this->foreignKey = $foreignKey;
+
+		parent::__construct($query, $parent);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the results of the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function getResults()
+	{
+		return $this->query->first();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the base constraints on the relation query.
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function addConstraints()
+	{
+		if (static::$constraints)
+		{
+			// For belongs to relationships, which are essentially the inverse of has one
+			// or has many relationships, we need to actually query on the primary key
+			// of the related models matching on the foreign key that's on a parent.
+			$table = $this->related->getTable();
+
+			$this->query->where($table.'.'.$this->otherKey, '=', $this->parent->{$this->foreignKey});
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Add the constraints for a relationship count query.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $parent
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+	 */
+	public function getRelationCountQuery(Builder $query, Builder $parent)
+	{
+		$query->select(new Expression('count(*)'));
+
+		$otherKey = $this->wrap($query->getModel()->getTable().'.'.$this->otherKey);
+
+		return $query->where($this->getQualifiedForeignKey(), '=', new Expression($otherKey));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the constraints for an eager load of the relation.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $models
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	public function addEagerConstraints(array $models)
+	{
+		// We'll grab the primary key name of the related models since it could be set to
+		// a non-standard name and not "id". We will then construct the constraint for
+		// our eagerly loading query so it returns the proper models from execution.
+		$key = $this->related->getTable().'.'.$this->otherKey;
+
+		$this->query->whereIn($key, $this->getEagerModelKeys($models));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Gather the keys from an array of related models.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $models
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function getEagerModelKeys(array $models)
+	{
+		$keys = array();
+
+		// First we need to gather all of the keys from the parent models so we know what
+		// to query for via the eager loading query. We will add them to an array then
+		// execute a "where in" statement to gather up all of those related records.
+		foreach ($models as $model)
+		{
+			if ( ! is_null($value = $model->{$this->foreignKey}))
+			{
+				$keys[] = $value;
+			}
+		}
+
+		// If there are no keys that were not null we will just return an array with 0 in
+		// it so the query doesn't fail, but will not return any results, which should
+		// be what this developer is expecting in a case where this happens to them.
+		if (count($keys) == 0)
+		{
+			return array(0);
+		}
+
+		return array_values(array_unique($keys));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Initialize the relation on a set of models.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array   $models
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function initRelation(array $models, $relation)
+	{
+		foreach ($models as $model)
+		{
+			$model->setRelation($relation, null);
+		}
+
+		return $models;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Match the eagerly loaded results to their parents.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array   $models
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection  $results
+	 * @param  string  $relation
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function match(array $models, Collection $results, $relation)
+	{
+		$foreign = $this->foreignKey;
+
+		$other = $this->otherKey;
+
+		// First we will get to build a dictionary of the child models by their primary
+		// key of the relationship, then we can easily match the children back onto
+		// the parents using that dictionary and the primary key of the children.
+		$dictionary = array();
+
+		foreach ($results as $result)
+		{
+			$dictionary[$result->getAttribute($other)] = $result;
+		}
+
+		// Once we have the dictionary constructed, we can loop through all the parents
+		// and match back onto their children using these keys of the dictionary and
+		// the primary key of the children to map them onto the correct instances.
+		foreach ($models as $model)
+		{
+			if (isset($dictionary[$model->$foreign]))
+			{
+				$model->setRelation($relation, $dictionary[$model->$foreign]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $models;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Associate the model instance to the given parent.
+	 *
+	 * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model  $model
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model
+	 */
+	public function associate(Model $model)
+	{
+		$this->parent->setAttribute($this->foreignKey, $model->getAttribute($this->otherKey));
+
+		return $this->parent->setRelation($this->relation, $model);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Dissociate previously associated model from the given parent.
+	 *
+	 * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model
+	 */
+	public function dissociate()
+	{
+		$this->parent->setAttribute($this->foreignKey, null);
+
+		return $this->parent->setRelation($this->relation, null);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Update the parent model on the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $attributes
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function update(array $attributes)
+	{
+		$instance = $this->getResults();
+
+		return $instance->fill($attributes)->save();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the foreign key of the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getForeignKey()
+	{
+		return $this->foreignKey;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the fully qualified foreign key of the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getQualifiedForeignKey()
+	{
+		return $this->parent->getTable().'.'.$this->foreignKey;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the associated key of the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getOtherKey()
+	{
+		return $this->otherKey;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the fully qualified associated key of the relationship.
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function getQualifiedOtherKeyName()
+	{
+		return $this->related->getTable().'.'.$this->otherKey;
+	}
+
+}