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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 (8.0.0-dev) - Logging in Tomcat</title><meta name="author" content="Allistair Crossley"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="
manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li
><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/i
ndex.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/index.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Logging in Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a><ol><li><a href="#Java_logging_API_%E2%80%94_java.util.logging">Java logging API — java.util.logging</a></li><li><a href="#Servlets_logging_API">Servlets logging API</a></li><li><a href="#Console">Console</a></li><li><a href="#Access_logging">Access logging</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Using_java.util.logging_(default)">Using java.util.logging (default)</a><ol><li><a href="#Documentation_references">Documentation references</a></li><li><a href="#Considerations_for_productive_usage">Considerations for productive usage</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Using_Log4j">Using Log4j</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <p>
+ Logging in Apache Tomcat is implemented with the help of
+ <a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging">Apache Commons Logging</a>
+ library. That library is a thin wrapper above different logging
+ frameworks. It provides Tomcat with the ability to log
+ hierarchically across various log levels without the need to rely on a
+ particular logging implementation.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Since Tomcat 6.0, Tomcat uses a private package-renamed implementation of
+ Apache Commons Logging, to allow web applications to use their own
+ independent copies of the original Apache Commons Logging library.
+ In the default distribution this private copy of the library
+ is simplified and hardcoded to use the <code>java.util.logging</code> framework.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ To configure Tomcat to use alternative logging frameworks for its internal
+ logging, one has to replace the logging library with the one that is built
+ with the full implementation. Such library is provided as an <a href="extras.html">extras</a>
+ component. Instructions on how to configure Tomcat to use Log4j framework
+ for its internal logging may be found below.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ A web application running on Apache Tomcat can:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Use system logging API, <code>java.util.logging</code>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Use the logging API provided by the Java Servlets specification,
+ <code>javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...)</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Use any logging framework of its choice.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>
+ The logging frameworks used by different web applications run independently
+ of each other. See <a href="class-loader-howto.html">class loading</a>
+ for more details.
+ The exception to this rule is <code>java.util.logging</code>, if it used
+ directly or indirectly by your logging library. That is because it is loaded
+ by the system and is shared across web applications.
+ </p>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Java logging API %E2%80%94 java.util.logging"><!--()--></a><a name="Java_logging_API_%E2%80%94_java.util.logging"><strong>Java logging API — java.util.logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ Apache Tomcat has its own implementation of several key elements of
+ <code>java.util.logging</code> API. This implementation is called "JULI".
+ The key component there is a custom LogManager implementation,
+ that is aware of different web applications running on Tomcat (and
+ their different class loaders). It supports private per-application
+ logging configurations. It is also notified by Tomcat when a web application
+ is unloaded from memory, so that the references to its classes can be
+ cleared, preventing memory leaks.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ This <code>java.util.logging</code> implementation is enabled by providing
+ certain system properties when starting Java. The Apache Tomcat startup
+ scripts do this for you, but if you are using different tools to run
+ Tomcat (such as jsvc, or running Tomcat from within an IDE), you should
+ take care of them by yourself.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ More details about java.util.logging may be found in the documentation
+ for your JDK and on its Javadoc pages for the <code>java.util.logging</code>
+ package.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ More details about Tomcat JULI may be found below.
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Servlets logging API"><!--()--></a><a name="Servlets_logging_API"><strong>Servlets logging API</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ The calls to <code>javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...)</code> to write
+ log messages are handled by internal Tomcat logging. Such messages are
+ logged to the category named
+ </p>
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[${engine}].[${host}].[${context}]</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hs
pace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ <p>
+ This logging is performed according to the Tomcat logging configuration. You
+ cannot overwrite it in a web application.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ The Servlets logging API predates the <code>java.util.logging</code> API
+ that is now provided by Java. As such, it does not offer you much options.
+ E.g., you cannot control the log levels. It can be noted, though, that
+ in Apache Tomcat implementation the calls to <code>ServletContext.log(String)</code>
+ or <code>GenericServlet.log(String)</code> are logged at the INFO level.
+ The calls to <code>ServletContext.log(String, Throwable)</code> or
+ <code>GenericServlet.log(String, Throwable)</code>
+ are logged at the ERROR level.
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Console"><strong>Console</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ When running Tomcat on unixes, the console output is usually redirected
+ to the file named <code>catalina.out</code>. The name is configurable
+ using an environment variable. (See the startup scripts).
+ Whatever is written to <code>System.err/out</code> will be caught into
+ that file. That may include:
+ </p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>Uncaught exceptions printed by <code>java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(..)</code></li>
+ <li>Thread dumps, if you requested them via a system signal</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>
+ When running as a service on Windows, the console output is also caught
+ and redirected, but the file names are different.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ The default logging configuration in Apache Tomcat writes the same
+ messages to the console and to a log file. This is great when using
+ Tomcat for development, but usually is not needed in production.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Old applications that still use <code>System.out</code> or <code>System.err</code>
+ can be tricked by setting <code>swallowOutput</code> attribute on a
+ <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>. If the attribute is set to
+ <code>true</code>, the calls to <code>System.out/err</code> during request
+ processing will be intercepted, and their output will be fed to the
+ logging subsystem using the
+ <code>javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...)</code> calls.<br>
+ <strong>Note</strong>, that the <code>swallowOutput</code> feature is
+ actually a trick, and it has its limitations.
+ It works only with direct calls to <code>System.out/err</code>,
+ and only during request processing cycle. It may not work in other
+ threads that might be created by the application. It cannot be used to
+ intercept logging frameworks that themselves write to the system streams,
+ as those start early and may obtain a direct reference to the streams
+ before the redirection takes place.
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access logging"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_logging"><strong>Access logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ A related, but different feature is access logging. It can be configured
+ as a valve at the Context, or Host, or Engine. See <a href="config/valve.html">Valves</a>
+ documentation for more details.
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using java.util.logging (default)"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_java.util.logging_(default)"><strong>Using java.util.logging (default)</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ The default implementation of java.util.logging provided in the JDK is too
+ limited to be useful. A limitation of JDK Logging appears to be the
+ inability to have per-web application logging, as the configuration is
+ per-VM. As a result, Tomcat will, in the default configuration, replace the
+ default LogManager implementation with a container friendly implementation
+ called JULI, which addresses these shortcomings. It supports the same
+ configuration mechanisms as the standard JDK java.util.logging, using either
+ a programmatic approach, or properties files. The main difference is that
+ per-classloader properties files can be set (which enables easy redeployment
+ friendly webapp configuration), and the properties files support slightly
+ extended constructs which allows more freedom for defining handlers and
+ assigning them to loggers.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ JULI is enabled by default, and supports per classloader configuration, in
+ addition to the regular global java.util.logging configuration. This means
+ that logging can be configured at the following layers:
+ <ul>
+ <li>Globally. That is usually done in the
+ <code>${catalina.base}/conf/logging.properties</code> file.
+ The file is specified by the <code>java.util.logging.config.file</code>
+ System property which is set by the startup scripts.
+ If it is not readable or is not configured, the default is to use the
+ <code>${java.home}/lib/logging.properties</code> file in the JRE.
+ </li>
+ <li>In the web application. The file will be
+ <code>WEB-INF/classes/logging.properties</code>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default <code>logging.properties</code> in the JRE specifies a
+ <code>ConsoleHandler</code> that routes logging to System.err.
+ The default <code>conf/logging.properties</code> in Apache Tomcat also
+ adds several <code>FileHandler</code>s that write to files.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ A handler's log level threshold is INFO by default and can be set using
+ SEVERE, WARNING, INFO, CONFIG, FINE, FINER, FINEST or ALL.
+ You can also target specific packages to collect logging from and specify
+ a level.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Here is how you would set debugging from Tomcat. You would need to ensure the
+ ConsoleHandler's (or FileHandler's') level is also set to collect this threshold,
+ so FINEST or ALL should be set. Please refer to <code>java.util.logging</code>
+ documentation in the JDK for the complete details:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>org.apache.catalina.level=FINEST</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#0232
64" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The configuration used by JULI is extremely similar to the one supported by
+ plain <code>java.util.logging</code>, but uses a few
+ extensions to allow better flexibility in assigning loggers. The main
+ differences are:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>A prefix may be added to handler names, so that multiple handlers of a
+ single class may be instantiated. A prefix is a String which starts with a
+ digit, and ends with '.'. For example, <code>22foobar.</code> is a valid
+ prefix.</li>
+ <li>System property replacement is performed for property values which
+ contain ${systemPropertyName}.</li>
+ <li>As in Java 6, loggers can define a list of handlers using the
+ <code>loggerName.handlers</code> property.</li>
+ <li>By default, loggers will not delegate to their parent if they have
+ associated handlers. This may be changed per logger using the
+ <code>loggerName.useParentHandlers</code> property, which accepts a
+ boolean value.</li>
+ <li>The root logger can define its set of handlers using the
+ <code>.handlers</code> property.</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ There are several additional implementation classes, that can be used
+ together with the ones provided by Java. The notable one is
+ <code>org.apache.juli.FileHandler</code>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <code>org.apache.juli.FileHandler</code> supports buffering of the
+ logs. The buffering is not enabled by default. To configure it, use the
+ <code>bufferSize</code> property of a handler. The value of <code>0</code>
+ uses system default buffering (typically an 8K buffer will be used). A
+ value of <code><0</code> forces a writer flush upon each log write. A
+ value <code>>0</code> uses a BufferedOutputStream with the defined
+ value but note that the system default buffering will also be
+ applied.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Example logging.properties file to be placed in $CATALINA_BASE/conf:
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
+ 2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
+ 3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
+ java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
+
+.handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
+
+############################################################
+# Handler specific properties.
+# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
+############################################################
+
+1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = catalina.
+
+2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = localhost.
+
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = manager.
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.bufferSize = 16384
+
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
+
+
+############################################################
+# Facility specific properties.
+# Provides extra control for each logger.
+############################################################
+
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].level = INFO
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].handlers = \
+ 2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
+
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].level = INFO
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].handlers = \
+ 3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
+
+# For example, set the org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase logger to log
+# each component that extends LifecycleBase changing state:
+#org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = FINE
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Example logging.properties for the servlet-examples web application to be
+ placed in WEB-INF/classes inside the web application:
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+handlers = org.apache.juli.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
+
+############################################################
+# Handler specific properties.
+# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
+############################################################
+
+org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = servlet-examples.
+
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </p>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Documentation references"><!--()--></a><a name="Documentation_references"><strong>Documentation references</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <p>See the following resources for additional information:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Apache Tomcat Javadoc for the
+ <a href="api/org/apache/juli/package-summary.html"><code>org.apache.juli</code></a>
+ package.
+ </li>
+ <li>Oracle Java 6 Javadoc for the
+ <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/logging/package-summary.html"><code>java.util.logging</code></a>
+ package.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Considerations for productive usage"><!--()--></a><a name="Considerations_for_productive_usage"><strong>Considerations for productive usage</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <p>You may want to take note of the following:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><p>Consider removing <code>ConsoleHandler</code> from configuration.</p>
+ <p>By default (thanks to the <code>.handlers</code> setting) logging goes
+ both to a <code>FileHandler</code> and to a <code>ConsoleHandler</code>.
+ The output of the latter one is usually captured into a file, such as
+ <code>catalina.out</code>. Thus you end up with two copies of the same
+ messages.</p>
+ </li>
+ <li><p>Consider removing <code>FileHandler</code>s for the applications
+ that you do not use. E.g., the one for <code>host-manager</code>.</p></li>
+ <li><p>The handlers by default use the system default encoding to write
+ the log files. It can be configured with <code>encoding</code> property.
+ See Javadoc for details.</p></li>
+ <li><p>Consider configuring an <a href="config/valve.html">Access
+ log</a>.</p></li>
+ </ul>
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using Log4j"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_Log4j"><strong>Using Log4j</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <p>
+ This section explains how to configure Tomcat to use
+ <a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/">log4j</a> rather than
+ java.util.logging for all Tomcat's internal logging.
+ </p>
+ <p><em>Note</em>: The steps described in this section are needed
+ when you want to reconfigure Tomcat to use Apache log4j for its own
+ logging. These steps are <strong>not</strong> needed if you just want
+ to use log4j in your own web application. — In that case, just
+ put <code>log4j.jar</code> and <code>log4j.properties</code> into
+ <code>WEB-INF/lib</code> and <code>WEB-INF/classes</code>
+ of your web application.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The following steps describe configuring log4j to output Tomcat's
+ internal logging.
+ </p>
+
+ <ol>
+ <li>Create a file called <code>log4j.properties</code> with the
+ following content and save it into <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code></li>
+ </ol>
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+log4j.rootLogger=INFO, CATALINA
+
+# Define all the appenders
+log4j.appender.CATALINA=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.File=${catalina.base}/logs/catalina.
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.Append=true
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.Encoding=UTF-8
+# Roll-over the log once per day
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.File=${catalina.base}/logs/localhost.
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.Append=true
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.MANAGER=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.File=${catalina.base}/logs/manager.
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.Append=true
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.File=${catalina.base}/logs/host-manager.
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.Append=true
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+# Configure which loggers log to which appenders
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost]=INFO, LOCALHOST
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager]=\
+ INFO, MANAGER
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager]=\
+ INFO, HOST-MANAGER
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ <ol start="2">
+ <li><a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j">Download Log4J</a>
+ (v1.2 or later).</li>
+
+ <li><p>Download or build <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> and
+ <code>tomcat-juli-adapters.jar</code> that are available as an "extras"
+ component for Tomcat. See <a href="extras.html">Additional Components
+ documentation</a> for details.</p>
+ <p>This <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> differs from the default one. It
+ contains the full Apache Commons Logging implementation and thus is
+ able to discover the presense of log4j and configure itself.</p>
+ </li>
+
+ <li><p>If you want to configure Tomcat to use log4j globally:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Put <code>log4j.jar</code> and
+ <code>tomcat-juli-adapters.jar</code> from "extras" into
+ <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>.</li>
+ <li>Replace <code>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar</code> with
+ <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> from "extras".</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+
+ <li><p>If you are running Tomcat with separate $CATALINA_HOME and
+ $CATALINA_BASE and want to configure to use log4j in a single
+ $CATALINA_BASE only:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Create <code>$CATALINA_BASE/bin</code> and
+ <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code> directories if they do not exist.
+ </li>
+ <li>Put <code>log4j.jar</code> and
+ <code>tomcat-juli-adapters.jar</code> from "extras" into
+ <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code></li>
+ <li>Put <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> from "extras" as
+ <code>$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat-juli.jar</code></li>
+ <li>If you are running with a
+ <a href="security-manager-howto.html">security manager</a>, you
+ would need to edit the
+ <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.policy</code> file to adjust
+ it to using a different copy of tomcat-juli.jar.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+
+ <li><p>Delete <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties</code> to
+ prevent java.util.logging generating zero length log files.</p></li>
+
+ <li><p>Start Tomcat</p></li>
+ </ol>
+
+ <p>
+ This log4j configuration mirrors the default java.util.logging setup
+ that ships with Tomcat: both the manager and host-manager apps get an
+ individual log file, and everything else goes to the "catalina.log" log
+ file. Each file is rolled-over once per day.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ You can (and should) be more picky about which packages to include
+ in the logging. Tomcat defines loggers by Engine and Host names.
+ For example, for a more detailed Catalina localhost log, add this to the
+ end of the log4j.properties above. Note that there are known issues with
+ using this naming convention (with square brackets) in log4j XML based
+ configuration files, so we recommend you use a properties file as
+ described until a future version of log4j allows this convention.
+ </p>
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost]=DEBUG
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core=DEBUG
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.session=DEBUG
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+ <p>
+ Be warned: a level of DEBUG will produce megabytes of logging and slow
+ startup of Tomcat. This level should be used sparingly when debugging of
+ internal Tomcat operations is required.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Your web applications should certainly use their own log4j configuration.
+ This is valid <i>with</i> the above configuration. You would place a
+ similar log4j.properties file in your web application's WEB-INF/classes
+ directory, and log4jx.y.z.jar into WEB-INF/lib. Then specify your package
+ level logging. This is a basic setup of log4j which does *not* require
+ Commons-Logging, and you should consult the
+ <a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/docs/documentation.html">log4j
+ documentation</a> for more options. This page is intended only as a
+ bootstrapping guide.
+ </p>
+
+ <p><em>Additional notes</em></p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><p>This exposes log4j libraries to the web applications through the
+ Common classloader. See <a href="class-loader-howto.html">class loading</a>
+ documentation for details.</p>
+ <p>Because of that, the web applications and libraries using
+ <a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging">Apache Commons Logging</a>
+ library are likely to automatically choose log4j as the underlying
+ logging implementation.</p></li>
+
+ <li><p>The <code>java.util.logging</code> API is still available, for
+ those web applications that use it directly. The
+ <code>${catalina.base}/conf/logging.properties</code> file is still
+ referenced by Tomcat startup scripts.</p>
+ <p> Removal of <code>${catalina.base}/conf/logging.properties</code>
+ file, mentioned as one of the steps, just causes
+ <code>java.util.logging</code> to fallback to the default configuration
+ as configured in JRE, which is to use a ConsoleHandler and do not
+ create any files.</p></li>
+ </ul>
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
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+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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