[users@httpd] Directive explanations

[pa...@co-operativebank.co.uk]

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Hi,
I am using Apache on the iSeries (AS400), there is a GUI that generates the
httpd.conf file. I am trying to get a better understanding of what the Apache
directives mean and how they work in the generated httpd.conf file. I have found
some directive explanations on the Apache site, I am wondering if there are any
recommended websites/books?

Some of the questions I have are:
Q1. What are these LogFormat directives and what are the various parameters here
e.g. %h, %>s, {Referer} etc.

LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\""
combined
LogFormat "%{Cookie}n \"%r\" %t" cookie
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common


Q2. Where can I get the details on what goes into the access_log created by this
CustomLog directive? I can see there is loads of useful info in the logs. There
are error_log files created also. 

CustomLog logs/access_log combined

How are these logs normally administered? Are there programs that look through
these logs and sent alerts based on the content etc..?

Q3. What do these directives do?
SetEnvIf "User-Agent" "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive
SetEnvIf "User-Agent" "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0
SetEnvIf "User-Agent" "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0
SetEnvIf "User-Agent" "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0
SetEnvIf "User-Agent" "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive
SetEnvIf "User-Agent" "MSIE 4\.0b2;" force-response-1.0

Q4. I read the following protects the server:

<Directory />
   Order Deny,Allow
   Deny From all
</Directory>

I read that the Order statement says Allow all access to the Server Root
directory by default. Then the Deny seems to say, override the Allow and Deny
all users access to the Server Root directory? How do Order and Deny/Allow work?
Do the directories below the Server Root inherit from the Server Root?

There is a further <Directory> tag that sets Allow From all for the Document
Root directory.

Thanks in advance,
Pat


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Re: [users@httpd] Directive explanations

[Joshua Slive <jo...@slive.ca>]

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 patrick.odowd@co-operativebank.co.uk wrote:
> Some of the questions I have are:
> Q1. What are these LogFormat directives and what are the various parameters here
> e.g. %h, %>s, {Referer} etc.

> Q2. Where can I get the details on what goes into the access_log created
> by this CustomLog directive? I can see there is loads of useful info in
> the logs. There are error_log files created also.

http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/logs.html#accesslog
http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mod_log_config.html#formats

> Q3. What do these directives do?

http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/env.html#special

>
> Q4. I read the following protects the server:
>
> <Directory />
>    Order Deny,Allow
>    Deny From all
> </Directory>
>
> I read that the Order statement says Allow all access to the Server Root
> directory by default. Then the Deny seems to say, override the Allow and
> Deny all users access to the Server Root directory? How do Order and
> Deny/Allow work? Do the directories below the Server Root inherit from
> the Server Root?

This is not the ServerRoot.  It is the root of the filesystem.

There are some examples here:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mod_access.html#order
http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/howto/auth.html#whatotherneatstuffcanido
http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/tutorials/1527/5/

Joshua.

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