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Posted to dev@ant.apache.org by pe...@apache.org on 2007/05/30 13:26:25 UTC

svn commit: r542801 [2/2] - /ant/core/trunk/src/main/org/apache/tools/bzip2/CBZip2OutputStream.java

Modified: ant/core/trunk/src/main/org/apache/tools/bzip2/CBZip2OutputStream.java
URL: http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/ant/core/trunk/src/main/org/apache/tools/bzip2/CBZip2OutputStream.java?view=diff&rev=542801&r1=542800&r2=542801
==============================================================================
--- ant/core/trunk/src/main/org/apache/tools/bzip2/CBZip2OutputStream.java (original)
+++ ant/core/trunk/src/main/org/apache/tools/bzip2/CBZip2OutputStream.java Wed May 30 04:26:24 2007
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 /*
- *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
- *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * Copyright  2001-2004 The Apache Software Foundation
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
@@ -30,673 +29,338 @@
 /**
  * An output stream that compresses into the BZip2 format (without the file
  * header chars) into another stream.
-
- * <p>The compression requires large amounts of memory. Thus you
- * should call the {@link #close() close()} method as soon as
- * possible, to force <tt>CBZip2OutputStream</tt> to release the
- * allocated memory.</p>
- *
- * <p>You can shrink the amount of allocated memory and maybe raise
- * the compression speed by choosing a lower blocksize, which in turn
- * may cause a lower compression ratio.  You can avoid unnecessary
- * memory allocation by avoiding using a blocksize which is bigger
- * than the size of the input. </p>
- *
- * <p>You can compute the memory usage for compressing by the
- * following formula:</p>
- * <pre>
- * <code>400k + (9 * blocksize)</code>.
- * </pre>
- * 
- * <p>To get the memory required for decompression by {@link
- * CBZip2InputStream CBZip2InputStream} use</p>
- * <pre>
- * <code>65k + (5 * blocksize)</code>.
- * </pre>
- *
- * <table width="100%" border="1">
- *  <colgroup>
- *    <col width="33%" />
- *    <col width="33%" />
- *    <col width="33%" />
- *  </colgroup>
- *  <tr>
- *    <th colspan="3">Memory usage by blocksize</th>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <th align="right">Blocksize</th>
- *    <th align="right">Compression<br>memory usage</th>
- *    <th align="right">Decompression<br>memory usage</th>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">100k</td>
- *    <td align="right">1300k</td>
- *    <td align="right"> 565k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">200k</td>
- *    <td align="right">2200k</td>
- *    <td align="right">1065k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">300k</td>
- *    <td align="right">3100k</td>
- *    <td align="right">1565k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">400k</td>
- *    <td align="right">4000k</td>
- *    <td align="right">2065k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">500k</td>
- *    <td align="right">4900k</td>
- *    <td align="right">2565k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">600k</td>
- *    <td align="right">5800k</td>
- *    <td align="right">3065k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">700k</td>
- *    <td align="right">6700k</td>
- *    <td align="right">3565k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">800k</td>
- *    <td align="right">7600k</td>
- *    <td align="right">4065k</td>
- *  </tr><tr>
- *    <td align="right">900k</td>
- *    <td align="right">8500k</td>
- *    <td align="right">4565k</td>
- *  </tr>
- * </table>
- *
- * <p>For decompression <tt>CBZip2InputStream</tt> allocates less
- * memory if the bzipped input is smaller than one block.</p>
  *
- * <p>Instances of this class are not threadsafe.</p>
- *
- * <p>
  * TODO:    Update to BZip2 1.0.1
- * </p>
- *
  */
 public class CBZip2OutputStream extends OutputStream implements BZip2Constants {
-
-    /**
-     * The minimum supported blocksize <tt> == 1</tt>.
-     */
-    public static final int MIN_BLOCKSIZE = 1;
-
-    /**
-     * The maximum supported blocksize <tt> == 9</tt>.
-     */
-    public static final int MAX_BLOCKSIZE = 9;
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
     protected static final int SETMASK = (1 << 21);
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
     protected static final int CLEARMASK = (~SETMASK);
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
     protected static final int GREATER_ICOST = 15;
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
     protected static final int LESSER_ICOST = 0;
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
     protected static final int SMALL_THRESH = 20;
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
     protected static final int DEPTH_THRESH = 10;
 
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     */
-    protected static final int WORK_FACTOR = 30;
-
-    /**
-     * This constant is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it means then you don't need it.
-     * <p>
+    /*
       If you are ever unlucky/improbable enough
       to get a stack overflow whilst sorting,
       increase the following constant and try
       again.  In practice I have never seen the
       stack go above 27 elems, so the following
       limit seems very generous.
-     * </p>
-     */
+    */
     protected static final int QSORT_STACK_SIZE = 1000;
 
-    /**
-     * Knuth's increments seem to work better than Incerpi-Sedgewick
-     * here.  Possibly because the number of elems to sort is usually
-     * small, typically &lt;= 20.
-     */
-    private static final int[] INCS = {
-        1,
-        4,
-        13,
-        40,
-        121,
-        364,
-        1093,
-        3280,
-        9841,
-        29524,
-        88573,
-        265720,
-        797161,
-        2391484
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * This method is accessible by subclasses for historical purposes.
-     * If you don't know what it does then you don't need it.
-     */
-    protected static void hbMakeCodeLengths(char[] len, int[] freq,
-                                            int alphaSize, int maxLen) {
-        /*
-          Nodes and heap entries run from 1.  Entry 0
-          for both the heap and nodes is a sentinel.
-        */
-        final int[] heap    = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2];
-        final int[] weight  = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2];
-        final int[] parent  = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2];
-
-        for (int i = alphaSize; --i >= 0;) {
-            weight[i + 1] = (freq[i] == 0 ? 1 : freq[i]) << 8;
-        }
-
-        for (boolean tooLong = true; tooLong;) {
-            tooLong = false;
-
-            int nNodes = alphaSize;
-            int nHeap = 0;
-            heap[0] = 0;
-            weight[0] = 0;
-            parent[0] = -2;
-
-            for (int i = 1; i <= alphaSize; i++) {
-                parent[i] = -1;
-                nHeap++;
-                heap[nHeap] = i;
-
-                int zz = nHeap;
-                int tmp = heap[zz];
-                while (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[zz >> 1]]) {
-                    heap[zz] = heap[zz >> 1];
-                    zz >>= 1;
-                }
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
-            }
-
-            // assert (nHeap < (MAX_ALPHA_SIZE + 2)) : nHeap;
-
-            while (nHeap > 1) {
-                int n1 = heap[1];
-                heap[1] = heap[nHeap];
-                nHeap--;
-
-                int yy = 0;
-                int zz = 1;
-                int tmp = heap[1];
-
-                while (true) {
-                    yy = zz << 1;
-
-                    if (yy > nHeap) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    if ((yy < nHeap)
-                        && (weight[heap[yy + 1]] < weight[heap[yy]])) {
-                        yy++;
-                    }
-
-                    if (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    heap[zz] = heap[yy];
-                    zz = yy;
-                }
-
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
-
-                int n2 = heap[1];
-                heap[1] = heap[nHeap];
-                nHeap--;
-
-                yy = 0;
-                zz = 1;
-                tmp = heap[1];
-
-                while (true) {
-                    yy = zz << 1;
-
-                    if (yy > nHeap) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    if ((yy < nHeap)
-                        && (weight[heap[yy + 1]] < weight[heap[yy]])) {
-                        yy++;
-                    }
-
-                    if (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    heap[zz] = heap[yy];
-                    zz = yy;
-                }
-
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
-                nNodes++;
-                parent[n1] = parent[n2] = nNodes;
-
-                final int weight_n1 = weight[n1];
-                final int weight_n2 = weight[n2];
-                weight[nNodes] = (((weight_n1 & 0xffffff00)
-                                   + (weight_n2 & 0xffffff00))
-                                  | (1 + (((weight_n1 & 0x000000ff)
-                                           > (weight_n2 & 0x000000ff))
-                                          ? (weight_n1 & 0x000000ff)
-                                          : (weight_n2 & 0x000000ff))));
-                
-                parent[nNodes] = -1;
-                nHeap++;
-                heap[nHeap] = nNodes;
-
-                tmp = 0;
-                zz = nHeap;
-                tmp = heap[zz];
-                final int weight_tmp = weight[tmp];
-                while (weight_tmp < weight[heap[zz >> 1]]) {
-                    heap[zz] = heap[zz >> 1];
-                    zz >>= 1;
-                }
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
-
-            }
-
-            // assert (nNodes < (MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2)) : nNodes;
-
-            for (int i = 1; i <= alphaSize; i++) {
-                int j = 0;
-                int k = i;
-
-                for (int parent_k; (parent_k = parent[k]) >= 0;) {
-                    k = parent_k;
-                    j++;
-                }
-
-                len[i - 1] = (char) j;
-                if (j > maxLen) {
-                    tooLong = true;
-                }
-            }
+    private static void panic() {
+        System.out.println("panic");
+        //throw new CError();
+    }
 
-            if (tooLong) {
-                for (int i = 1; i < alphaSize; i++) {
-                    int j = weight[i] >> 8;
-                    j = 1 + (j >> 1);
-                    weight[i] = j << 8;
-                }
+    private void makeMaps() {
+        int i;
+        nInUse = 0;
+        for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+            if (inUse[i]) {
+                seqToUnseq[nInUse] = (char) i;
+                unseqToSeq[i] = (char) nInUse;
+                nInUse++;
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private static void hbMakeCodeLengths(final byte[] len, final int[] freq,
-                                          final Data dat, final int alphaSize,
-                                          final int maxLen) {
+    protected static void hbMakeCodeLengths(char[] len, int[] freq,
+                                            int alphaSize, int maxLen) {
         /*
           Nodes and heap entries run from 1.  Entry 0
           for both the heap and nodes is a sentinel.
         */
-        final int[] heap    = dat.heap;
-        final int[] weight  = dat.weight;
-        final int[] parent  = dat.parent;
+        int nNodes, nHeap, n1, n2, i, j, k;
+        boolean  tooLong;
+
+        int[] heap = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE + 2];
+        int[] weight = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2];
+        int[] parent = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2];
 
-        for (int i = alphaSize; --i >= 0;) {
+        for (i = 0; i < alphaSize; i++) {
             weight[i + 1] = (freq[i] == 0 ? 1 : freq[i]) << 8;
         }
 
-        for (boolean tooLong = true; tooLong;) {
-            tooLong = false;
+        while (true) {
+            nNodes = alphaSize;
+            nHeap = 0;
 
-            int nNodes = alphaSize;
-            int nHeap = 0;
             heap[0] = 0;
             weight[0] = 0;
             parent[0] = -2;
 
-            for (int i = 1; i <= alphaSize; i++) {
+            for (i = 1; i <= alphaSize; i++) {
                 parent[i] = -1;
                 nHeap++;
                 heap[nHeap] = i;
-
-                int zz = nHeap;
-                int tmp = heap[zz];
-                while (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[zz >> 1]]) {
-                    heap[zz] = heap[zz >> 1];
-                    zz >>= 1;
+                {
+                    int zz, tmp;
+                    zz = nHeap;
+                    tmp = heap[zz];
+                    while (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[zz >> 1]]) {
+                        heap[zz] = heap[zz >> 1];
+                        zz >>= 1;
+                    }
+                    heap[zz] = tmp;
                 }
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
+            }
+            if (!(nHeap < (MAX_ALPHA_SIZE + 2))) {
+                panic();
             }
 
             while (nHeap > 1) {
-                int n1 = heap[1];
+                n1 = heap[1];
                 heap[1] = heap[nHeap];
                 nHeap--;
-
-                int yy = 0;
-                int zz = 1;
-                int tmp = heap[1];
-
-                while (true) {
-                    yy = zz << 1;
-
-                    if (yy > nHeap) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    if ((yy < nHeap)
-                        && (weight[heap[yy + 1]] < weight[heap[yy]])) {
-                        yy++;
-                    }
-
-                    if (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
-                        break;
+                {
+                    int zz = 0, yy = 0, tmp = 0;
+                    zz = 1;
+                    tmp = heap[zz];
+                    while (true) {
+                        yy = zz << 1;
+                        if (yy > nHeap) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        if (yy < nHeap
+                            && weight[heap[yy + 1]] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
+                            yy++;
+                        }
+                        if (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        heap[zz] = heap[yy];
+                        zz = yy;
                     }
-
-                    heap[zz] = heap[yy];
-                    zz = yy;
+                    heap[zz] = tmp;
                 }
-
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
-
-                int n2 = heap[1];
+                n2 = heap[1];
                 heap[1] = heap[nHeap];
                 nHeap--;
-
-                yy = 0;
-                zz = 1;
-                tmp = heap[1];
-
-                while (true) {
-                    yy = zz << 1;
-
-                    if (yy > nHeap) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    if ((yy < nHeap)
-                        && (weight[heap[yy + 1]] < weight[heap[yy]])) {
-                        yy++;
-                    }
-
-                    if (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
-                        break;
+                {
+                    int zz = 0, yy = 0, tmp = 0;
+                    zz = 1;
+                    tmp = heap[zz];
+                    while (true) {
+                        yy = zz << 1;
+                        if (yy > nHeap) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        if (yy < nHeap
+                            && weight[heap[yy + 1]] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
+                            yy++;
+                        }
+                        if (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[yy]]) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        heap[zz] = heap[yy];
+                        zz = yy;
                     }
-
-                    heap[zz] = heap[yy];
-                    zz = yy;
+                    heap[zz] = tmp;
                 }
-
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
                 nNodes++;
                 parent[n1] = parent[n2] = nNodes;
 
-                final int weight_n1 = weight[n1];
-                final int weight_n2 = weight[n2];
-                weight[nNodes] = ((weight_n1 & 0xffffff00)
-                                  + (weight_n2 & 0xffffff00))
-                    | (1 + (((weight_n1 & 0x000000ff)
-                             > (weight_n2 & 0x000000ff))
-                            ? (weight_n1 & 0x000000ff)
-                            : (weight_n2 & 0x000000ff)));
+                weight[nNodes] = ((weight[n1] & 0xffffff00)
+                                  + (weight[n2] & 0xffffff00))
+                    | (1 + (((weight[n1] & 0x000000ff)
+                            > (weight[n2] & 0x000000ff))
+                            ? (weight[n1] & 0x000000ff)
+                            : (weight[n2] & 0x000000ff)));
 
                 parent[nNodes] = -1;
                 nHeap++;
                 heap[nHeap] = nNodes;
-
-                tmp = 0;
-                zz = nHeap;
-                tmp = heap[zz];
-                final int weight_tmp = weight[tmp];
-                while (weight_tmp < weight[heap[zz >> 1]]) {
-                    heap[zz] = heap[zz >> 1];
-                    zz >>= 1;
+                {
+                    int zz = 0, tmp = 0;
+                    zz = nHeap;
+                    tmp = heap[zz];
+                    while (weight[tmp] < weight[heap[zz >> 1]]) {
+                        heap[zz] = heap[zz >> 1];
+                        zz >>= 1;
+                    }
+                    heap[zz] = tmp;
                 }
-                heap[zz] = tmp;
-
+            }
+            if (!(nNodes < (MAX_ALPHA_SIZE * 2))) {
+                panic();
             }
 
-            for (int i = 1; i <= alphaSize; i++) {
-                int j = 0;
-                int k = i;
-
-                for (int parent_k; (parent_k = parent[k]) >= 0;) {
-                    k = parent_k;
+            tooLong = false;
+            for (i = 1; i <= alphaSize; i++) {
+                j = 0;
+                k = i;
+                while (parent[k] >= 0) {
+                    k = parent[k];
                     j++;
                 }
-
-                len[i - 1] = (byte) j;
+                len[i - 1] = (char) j;
                 if (j > maxLen) {
                     tooLong = true;
                 }
             }
 
-            if (tooLong) {
-                for (int i = 1; i < alphaSize; i++) {
-                    int j = weight[i] >> 8;
-                    j = 1 + (j >> 1);
-                    weight[i] = j << 8;
-                }
+            if (!tooLong) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            for (i = 1; i < alphaSize; i++) {
+                j = weight[i] >> 8;
+                j = 1 + (j / 2);
+                weight[i] = j << 8;
             }
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-      Index of the last char in the block, so
+    /*
+      index of the last char in the block, so
       the block size == last + 1.
     */
-    private int last;
+    int last;
 
-    /**
-     * Index in fmap[] of original string after sorting.
-     */
-    private int origPtr;
+    /*
+      index in zptr[] of original string after sorting.
+    */
+    int origPtr;
 
-    /**
-       Always: in the range 0 .. 9.
-       The current block size is 100000 * this number.
-     */
-    private final int blockSize100k;
+    /*
+      always: in the range 0 .. 9.
+      The current block size is 100000 * this number.
+    */
+    int blockSize100k;
 
-    private boolean blockRandomised;
+    boolean blockRandomised;
 
-    private int bsBuff;
-    private int bsLive;
-    private final CRC crc = new CRC();
+    int bytesOut;
+    int bsBuff;
+    int bsLive;
+    CRC mCrc = new CRC();
 
+    private boolean[] inUse = new boolean[256];
     private int nInUse;
 
+    private char[] seqToUnseq = new char[256];
+    private char[] unseqToSeq = new char[256];
+
+    private char[] selector = new char[MAX_SELECTORS];
+    private char[] selectorMtf = new char[MAX_SELECTORS];
+
+    private char[] block;
+    private int[] quadrant;
+    private int[] zptr;
+    private short[] szptr;
+    private int[] ftab;
+
     private int nMTF;
 
+    private int[] mtfFreq = new int[MAX_ALPHA_SIZE];
+
     /*
      * Used when sorting.  If too many long comparisons
      * happen, we stop sorting, randomise the block
      * slightly, and try again.
      */
+    private int workFactor;
     private int workDone;
     private int workLimit;
     private boolean firstAttempt;
+    private int nBlocksRandomised;
 
     private int currentChar = -1;
     private int runLength = 0;
 
-    private int blockCRC;
-    private int combinedCRC;
-    private int allowableBlockSize;
-
-    /**
-     * All memory intensive stuff.
-     */
-    private CBZip2OutputStream.Data data;
-
-    private OutputStream out;
-
-    /**
-     * Chooses a blocksize based on the given length of the data to compress.
-     *
-     * @return
-     *  The blocksize, between {@link #MIN_BLOCKSIZE} and {@link #MAX_BLOCKSIZE}
-     *  both inclusive. For a negative <tt>inputLength</tt> this method returns
-     *  <tt>MAX_BLOCKSIZE</tt> always.
-     *
-     * @param inputLength
-     *  The length of the data which will be compressed by
-     *  <tt>CBZip2OutputStream</tt>.
-     */
-    public static int chooseBlockSize(long inputLength) {
-        return (inputLength > 0)
-            ? (int) Math.min((inputLength / 132000) + 1, 9)
-            : MAX_BLOCKSIZE;
+    public CBZip2OutputStream(OutputStream inStream) throws IOException {
+        this(inStream, 9);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Constructs a new <tt>CBZip2OutputStream</tt> with a blocksize of 900k.
-     * 
-     * <p><b>Attention: </b>The caller is resonsible to write the two
-     * BZip2 magic bytes <tt>"BZ"</tt> to the specified stream prior
-     * to calling this constructor.</p>
-     *
-     * @param out *  the destination stream.
-     *
-     * @throws IOException
-     *  if an I/O error occurs in the specified stream.
-     * @throws NullPointerException
-     *  if <code>out == null</code>.
-     */
-    public CBZip2OutputStream(final OutputStream out) throws IOException {
-        this(out, MAX_BLOCKSIZE);
+    public CBZip2OutputStream(OutputStream inStream, int inBlockSize)
+        throws IOException {
+        block = null;
+        quadrant = null;
+        zptr = null;
+        ftab = null;
+
+        bsSetStream(inStream);
+
+        workFactor = 50;
+        if (inBlockSize > 9) {
+            inBlockSize = 9;
+        }
+        if (inBlockSize < 1) {
+            inBlockSize = 1;
+        }
+        blockSize100k = inBlockSize;
+        allocateCompressStructures();
+        initialize();
+        initBlock();
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs a new <tt>CBZip2OutputStream</tt> with specified blocksize.
-     * 
-     * <p><b>Attention: </b>The caller is resonsible to write the two
-     * BZip2 magic bytes <tt>"BZ"</tt> to the specified stream prior
-     * to calling this constructor.</p>
-     *
      *
-     * @param out
-     *  the destination stream.
-     * @param blockSize
-     *  the blockSize as 100k units.
+     * modified by Oliver Merkel, 010128
      *
-     * @throws IOException
-     *  if an I/O error occurs in the specified stream.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
-     *  if <code>(blockSize < 1) || (blockSize > 9)</code>.
-     * @throws NullPointerException
-     *  if <code>out == null</code>.
-     *
-     * @see #MIN_BLOCKSIZE
-     * @see #MAX_BLOCKSIZE
      */
-    public CBZip2OutputStream(final OutputStream out, final int blockSize)
-        throws IOException {
-        super();
-
-        if (blockSize < 1) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("blockSize(" + blockSize
-                                               + ") < 1");
-        }
-        if (blockSize > 9) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("blockSize(" + blockSize
-                                               + ") > 9");
-        }
-
-        this.blockSize100k = blockSize;
-        this.out = out;
-        init();
-    }
-
-    public void write(final int b) throws IOException {
-        if (this.out != null) {
-            write0(b);
+    public void write(int bv) throws IOException {
+        int b = (256 + bv) % 256;
+        if (currentChar != -1) {
+            if (currentChar == b) {
+                runLength++;
+                if (runLength > 254) {
+                    writeRun();
+                    currentChar = -1;
+                    runLength = 0;
+                }
+            } else {
+                writeRun();
+                runLength = 1;
+                currentChar = b;
+            }
         } else {
-            throw new IOException("closed");
+            currentChar = b;
+            runLength++;
         }
     }
 
     private void writeRun() throws IOException {
-        final int lastShadow = this.last;
-
-        if (lastShadow < this.allowableBlockSize) {
-            final int currentCharShadow = this.currentChar;
-            final Data dataShadow = this.data;
-            dataShadow.inUse[currentCharShadow] = true;
-            final byte ch = (byte) currentCharShadow;
-
-            int runLengthShadow = this.runLength;
-            this.crc.updateCRC(currentCharShadow, runLengthShadow);
-
-            switch (runLengthShadow) {
+        if (last < allowableBlockSize) {
+            inUse[currentChar] = true;
+            for (int i = 0; i < runLength; i++) {
+                mCrc.updateCRC((char) currentChar);
+            }
+            switch (runLength) {
             case 1:
-                dataShadow.block[lastShadow + 2] = ch;
-                this.last = lastShadow + 1;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
                 break;
-
             case 2:
-                dataShadow.block[lastShadow + 2] = ch;
-                dataShadow.block[lastShadow + 3] = ch;
-                this.last = lastShadow + 2;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
                 break;
-
             case 3:
-                {
-                    final byte[] block = dataShadow.block;
-                    block[lastShadow + 2] = ch;
-                    block[lastShadow + 3] = ch;
-                    block[lastShadow + 4] = ch;
-                    this.last = lastShadow + 3;
-                }
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
                 break;
-
             default:
-                {
-                    runLengthShadow -= 4;
-                    dataShadow.inUse[runLengthShadow] = true;
-                    final byte[] block = dataShadow.block;
-                    block[lastShadow + 2] = ch;
-                    block[lastShadow + 3] = ch;
-                    block[lastShadow + 4] = ch;
-                    block[lastShadow + 5] = ch;
-                    block[lastShadow + 6] = (byte) runLengthShadow;
-                    this.last = lastShadow + 5;
-                }
+                inUse[runLength - 4] = true;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) currentChar;
+                last++;
+                block[last + 1] = (char) (runLength - 4);
                 break;
-
             }
         } else {
             endBlock();
@@ -705,84 +369,72 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Overriden to close the stream.
-     */
+    boolean closed = false;
+
     protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
         close();
         super.finalize();
     }
 
     public void close() throws IOException {
-        OutputStream outShadow = this.out;
-        if (outShadow != null) {
-            try {
-                if (this.runLength > 0) {
-                    writeRun();
-                }
-                this.currentChar = -1;
-                endBlock();
-                endCompression();
-                outShadow.close();
-            } finally {
-                this.out = null;
-                this.data = null;
-            }
+        if (closed) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (runLength > 0) {
+            writeRun();
         }
+        currentChar = -1;
+        endBlock();
+        endCompression();
+        closed = true;
+        super.close();
+        bsStream.close();
     }
 
     public void flush() throws IOException {
-        OutputStream outShadow = this.out;
-        if (outShadow != null) {
-            outShadow.flush();
-        }
+        super.flush();
+        bsStream.flush();
     }
 
-    private void init() throws IOException {
-        // write magic: done by caller who created this stream
-        //this.out.write('B');
-        //this.out.write('Z');
+    private int blockCRC, combinedCRC;
 
-        this.data = new Data(this.blockSize100k);
+    private void initialize() throws IOException {
+        bytesOut = 0;
+        nBlocksRandomised = 0;
 
         /* Write `magic' bytes h indicating file-format == huffmanised,
            followed by a digit indicating blockSize100k.
         */
-        bsPutUByte('h');
-        bsPutUByte('0' + this.blockSize100k);
+        bsPutUChar('h');
+        bsPutUChar('0' + blockSize100k);
 
-        this.combinedCRC = 0;
-        initBlock();
+        combinedCRC = 0;
     }
 
+    private int allowableBlockSize;
+
     private void initBlock() {
         //        blockNo++;
-        this.crc.initialiseCRC();
-        this.last = -1;
+        mCrc.initialiseCRC();
+        last = -1;
         //        ch = 0;
 
-        boolean[] inUse = this.data.inUse;
-        for (int i = 256; --i >= 0;) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
             inUse[i] = false;
         }
 
         /* 20 is just a paranoia constant */
-        this.allowableBlockSize
-            = (this.blockSize100k * BZip2Constants.baseBlockSize) - 20;
+        allowableBlockSize = baseBlockSize * blockSize100k - 20;
     }
 
     private void endBlock() throws IOException {
-        this.blockCRC = this.crc.getFinalCRC();
-        this.combinedCRC = (this.combinedCRC << 1) | (this.combinedCRC >>> 31);
-        this.combinedCRC ^= this.blockCRC;
-
-        // empty block at end of file
-        if (this.last == -1) {
-            return;
-        }
+        blockCRC = mCrc.getFinalCRC();
+        combinedCRC = (combinedCRC << 1) | (combinedCRC >>> 31);
+        combinedCRC ^= blockCRC;
 
         /* sort the block and establish posn of original string */
-        blockSort();
+        doReversibleTransformation();
 
         /*
           A 6-byte block header, the value chosen arbitrarily
@@ -797,19 +449,20 @@
           They are only important when trying to recover blocks from
           damaged files.
         */
-        bsPutUByte(0x31);
-        bsPutUByte(0x41);
-        bsPutUByte(0x59);
-        bsPutUByte(0x26);
-        bsPutUByte(0x53);
-        bsPutUByte(0x59);
+        bsPutUChar(0x31);
+        bsPutUChar(0x41);
+        bsPutUChar(0x59);
+        bsPutUChar(0x26);
+        bsPutUChar(0x53);
+        bsPutUChar(0x59);
 
         /* Now the block's CRC, so it is in a known place. */
-        bsPutInt(this.blockCRC);
+        bsPutint(blockCRC);
 
         /* Now a single bit indicating randomisation. */
-        if (this.blockRandomised) {
+        if (blockRandomised) {
             bsW(1, 1);
+            nBlocksRandomised++;
         } else {
             bsW(1, 0);
         }
@@ -826,276 +479,214 @@
           too much repetition -- 27 18 28 18 28 46 -- for me
           to feel statistically comfortable.  Call me paranoid.)
         */
-        bsPutUByte(0x17);
-        bsPutUByte(0x72);
-        bsPutUByte(0x45);
-        bsPutUByte(0x38);
-        bsPutUByte(0x50);
-        bsPutUByte(0x90);
-
-        bsPutInt(this.combinedCRC);
-        bsFinishedWithStream();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the blocksize parameter specified at construction time.
-     */
-    public final int getBlockSize() {
-        return this.blockSize100k;
-    }
+        bsPutUChar(0x17);
+        bsPutUChar(0x72);
+        bsPutUChar(0x45);
+        bsPutUChar(0x38);
+        bsPutUChar(0x50);
+        bsPutUChar(0x90);
 
-    public void write(final byte[] buf, int offs, final int len)
-        throws IOException {
-        if (offs < 0) {
-            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("offs(" + offs + ") < 0.");
-        }
-        if (len < 0) {
-            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("len(" + len + ") < 0.");
-        }
-        if (offs + len > buf.length) {
-            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("offs(" + offs + ") + len("
-                                                + len + ") > buf.length("
-                                                + buf.length + ").");
-        }
-        if (this.out == null) {
-            throw new IOException("stream closed");
-        }
+        bsPutint(combinedCRC);
 
-        for (int hi = offs + len; offs < hi;) {
-            write0(buf[offs++]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void write0(int b) throws IOException {
-        if (this.currentChar != -1) {
-            b &= 0xff;
-            if (this.currentChar == b) {
-                if (++this.runLength > 254) {
-                    writeRun();
-                    this.currentChar = -1;
-                    this.runLength = 0;
-                }
-                // else nothing to do
-            } else {
-                writeRun();
-                this.runLength = 1;
-                this.currentChar = b;
-            }
-        } else {
-            this.currentChar = b & 0xff;
-            this.runLength++;
-        }
+        bsFinishedWithStream();
     }
 
-    private static void hbAssignCodes(final int[] code, final byte[] length,
-                                      final int minLen, final int maxLen,
-                                      final int alphaSize) {
-        int vec = 0;
-        for (int n = minLen; n <= maxLen; n++) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < alphaSize; i++) {
-                if ((length[i] & 0xff) == n) {
+    private void hbAssignCodes (int[] code, char[] length, int minLen,
+                                int maxLen, int alphaSize) {
+        int n, vec, i;
+
+        vec = 0;
+        for (n = minLen; n <= maxLen; n++) {
+            for (i = 0; i < alphaSize; i++) {
+                if (length[i] == n) {
                     code[i] = vec;
                     vec++;
                 }
-            }
+            };
             vec <<= 1;
         }
     }
 
+    private void bsSetStream(OutputStream f) {
+        bsStream = f;
+        bsLive = 0;
+        bsBuff = 0;
+        bytesOut = 0;
+    }
+
     private void bsFinishedWithStream() throws IOException {
-        while (this.bsLive > 0) {
-            int ch = this.bsBuff >> 24;
-            this.out.write(ch); // write 8-bit
-            this.bsBuff <<= 8;
-            this.bsLive -= 8;
+        while (bsLive > 0) {
+            int ch = (bsBuff >> 24);
+            try {
+                bsStream.write(ch); // write 8-bit
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw  e;
+            }
+            bsBuff <<= 8;
+            bsLive -= 8;
+            bytesOut++;
         }
     }
 
-    private void bsW(final int n, final int v) throws IOException {
-        final OutputStream outShadow = this.out;
-        int bsLiveShadow    = this.bsLive;
-        int bsBuffShadow    = this.bsBuff;
-
-        while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-            outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24); // write 8-bit
-            bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-            bsLiveShadow -= 8;
+    private void bsW(int n, int v) throws IOException {
+        while (bsLive >= 8) {
+            int ch = (bsBuff >> 24);
+            try {
+                bsStream.write(ch); // write 8-bit
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+            bsBuff <<= 8;
+            bsLive -= 8;
+            bytesOut++;
         }
-
-        this.bsBuff = bsBuffShadow | (v << (32 - bsLiveShadow - n));
-        this.bsLive = bsLiveShadow + n;
+        bsBuff |= (v << (32 - bsLive - n));
+        bsLive += n;
     }
 
-    private void bsPutUByte(final int c) throws IOException {
+    private void bsPutUChar(int c) throws IOException {
         bsW(8, c);
     }
 
-    private void bsPutInt(final int u) throws IOException {
+    private void bsPutint(int u) throws IOException {
         bsW(8, (u >> 24) & 0xff);
         bsW(8, (u >> 16) & 0xff);
         bsW(8, (u >>  8) & 0xff);
         bsW(8,  u        & 0xff);
     }
 
+    private void bsPutIntVS(int numBits, int c) throws IOException {
+        bsW(numBits, c);
+    }
+
     private void sendMTFValues() throws IOException {
-        final byte[][] len  = this.data.sendMTFValues_len;
-        final int alphaSize = this.nInUse + 2;
+        char len[][] = new char[N_GROUPS][MAX_ALPHA_SIZE];
 
-        for (int t = N_GROUPS; --t >= 0;) {
-            byte[] len_t = len[t];
-            for (int v = alphaSize; --v >= 0;) {
-                len_t[v] = GREATER_ICOST;
+        int v, t, i, j, gs, ge, totc, bt, bc, iter;
+        int nSelectors = 0, alphaSize, minLen, maxLen, selCtr;
+        int nGroups, nBytes;
+
+        alphaSize = nInUse + 2;
+        for (t = 0; t < N_GROUPS; t++) {
+            for (v = 0; v < alphaSize; v++) {
+                len[t][v] = (char) GREATER_ICOST;
             }
         }
 
         /* Decide how many coding tables to use */
-        // assert (this.nMTF > 0) : this.nMTF;
-        final int nGroups =
-            (this.nMTF <  200) ? 2
-            : (this.nMTF <  600) ? 3
-            : (this.nMTF < 1200) ? 4
-            : (this.nMTF < 2400) ? 5
-            : 6;
-
-        /* Generate an initial set of coding tables */
-        sendMTFValues0(nGroups, alphaSize);
-
-        /*
-          Iterate up to N_ITERS times to improve the tables.
-        */
-        final int nSelectors = sendMTFValues1(nGroups, alphaSize);
-
-        /* Compute MTF values for the selectors. */
-        sendMTFValues2(nGroups, nSelectors);
-
-        /* Assign actual codes for the tables. */
-        sendMTFValues3(nGroups, alphaSize);
-
-        /* Transmit the mapping table. */
-        sendMTFValues4();
-
-        /* Now the selectors. */
-        sendMTFValues5(nGroups, nSelectors);
-
-        /* Now the coding tables. */
-        sendMTFValues6(nGroups, alphaSize);
-
-        /* And finally, the block data proper */
-        sendMTFValues7(nSelectors);
-    }
-
-    private void sendMTFValues0(final int nGroups, final int alphaSize) {
-        final byte[][] len  = this.data.sendMTFValues_len;
-        final int[] mtfFreq = this.data.mtfFreq;
+        if (nMTF <= 0) {
+            panic();
+        }
 
-        int remF = this.nMTF;
-        int gs = 0;
+        if (nMTF < 200) {
+            nGroups = 2;
+        } else if (nMTF < 600) {
+            nGroups = 3;
+        } else if (nMTF < 1200) {
+            nGroups = 4;
+        } else if (nMTF < 2400) {
+            nGroups = 5;
+        } else {
+            nGroups = 6;
+        }
 
-        for (int nPart = nGroups; nPart > 0; nPart--) {
-            final int tFreq = remF / nPart;
-            int ge = gs - 1;
-            int aFreq = 0;
+        /* Generate an initial set of coding tables */ {
+            int nPart, remF, tFreq, aFreq;
 
-            for (final int a = alphaSize - 1; (aFreq < tFreq) && (ge < a);) {
-                aFreq += mtfFreq[++ge];
-            }
+            nPart = nGroups;
+            remF  = nMTF;
+            gs = 0;
+            while (nPart > 0) {
+                tFreq = remF / nPart;
+                ge = gs - 1;
+                aFreq = 0;
+                while (aFreq < tFreq && ge < alphaSize - 1) {
+                    ge++;
+                    aFreq += mtfFreq[ge];
+                }
 
-            if ((ge > gs)
-                && (nPart != nGroups)
-                && (nPart != 1)
-                && (((nGroups - nPart) & 1) != 0)) {
-                aFreq -= mtfFreq[ge--];
-            }
+                if (ge > gs && nPart != nGroups && nPart != 1
+                    && ((nGroups - nPart) % 2 == 1)) {
+                    aFreq -= mtfFreq[ge];
+                    ge--;
+                }
 
-            final byte[] len_np = len[nPart - 1];
-            for (int v = alphaSize; --v >= 0;) {
-                if ((v >= gs) && (v <= ge)) {
-                    len_np[v] = LESSER_ICOST;
-                } else {
-                    len_np[v] = GREATER_ICOST;
+                for (v = 0; v < alphaSize; v++) {
+                    if (v >= gs && v <= ge) {
+                        len[nPart - 1][v] = (char) LESSER_ICOST;
+                    } else {
+                        len[nPart - 1][v] = (char) GREATER_ICOST;
+                    }
                 }
-            }
 
-            gs = ge + 1;
-            remF -= aFreq;
+                nPart--;
+                gs = ge + 1;
+                remF -= aFreq;
+            }
         }
-    }
-
-    private int sendMTFValues1(final int nGroups, final int alphaSize) {
-        final Data dataShadow       = this.data;
-        final int[][] rfreq   = dataShadow.sendMTFValues_rfreq;
-        final int[] fave      = dataShadow.sendMTFValues_fave;
-        final short[] cost    = dataShadow.sendMTFValues_cost;
-        final char[] sfmap    = dataShadow.sfmap;
-        final byte[] selector = dataShadow.selector;
-        final byte[][] len    = dataShadow.sendMTFValues_len;
-        final byte[] len_0 = len[0];
-        final byte[] len_1 = len[1];
-        final byte[] len_2 = len[2];
-        final byte[] len_3 = len[3];
-        final byte[] len_4 = len[4];
-        final byte[] len_5 = len[5];
-        final int nMTFShadow = this.nMTF;
 
-        int nSelectors = 0;
-
-        for (int iter = 0; iter < N_ITERS; iter++) {
-            for (int t = nGroups; --t >= 0;) {
+        int[][] rfreq = new int[N_GROUPS][MAX_ALPHA_SIZE];
+        int[] fave = new int[N_GROUPS];
+        short[] cost = new short[N_GROUPS];
+        /*
+          Iterate up to N_ITERS times to improve the tables.
+        */
+        for (iter = 0; iter < N_ITERS; iter++) {
+            for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
                 fave[t] = 0;
-                int[] rfreqt = rfreq[t];
-                for (int i = alphaSize; --i >= 0;) {
-                    rfreqt[i] = 0;
+            }
+
+            for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+                for (v = 0; v < alphaSize; v++) {
+                    rfreq[t][v] = 0;
                 }
             }
 
             nSelectors = 0;
+            totc = 0;
+            gs = 0;
+            while (true) {
 
-            for (int gs = 0; gs < this.nMTF;) {
                 /* Set group start & end marks. */
+                if (gs >= nMTF) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                ge = gs + G_SIZE - 1;
+                if (ge >= nMTF) {
+                    ge = nMTF - 1;
+                }
 
                 /*
                   Calculate the cost of this group as coded
                   by each of the coding tables.
                 */
+                for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+                    cost[t] = 0;
+                }
 
-                final int ge = Math.min(gs + G_SIZE - 1, nMTFShadow - 1);
-
-                if (nGroups == N_GROUPS) {
-                    // unrolled version of the else-block
-
-                    short cost0 = 0;
-                    short cost1 = 0;
-                    short cost2 = 0;
-                    short cost3 = 0;
-                    short cost4 = 0;
-                    short cost5 = 0;
-
-                    for (int i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
-                        final int icv = sfmap[i];
-                        cost0 += len_0[icv] & 0xff;
-                        cost1 += len_1[icv] & 0xff;
-                        cost2 += len_2[icv] & 0xff;
-                        cost3 += len_3[icv] & 0xff;
-                        cost4 += len_4[icv] & 0xff;
-                        cost5 += len_5[icv] & 0xff;
+                if (nGroups == 6) {
+                    short cost0, cost1, cost2, cost3, cost4, cost5;
+                    cost0 = cost1 = cost2 = cost3 = cost4 = cost5 = 0;
+                    for (i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
+                        short icv = szptr[i];
+                        cost0 += len[0][icv];
+                        cost1 += len[1][icv];
+                        cost2 += len[2][icv];
+                        cost3 += len[3][icv];
+                        cost4 += len[4][icv];
+                        cost5 += len[5][icv];
                     }
-
                     cost[0] = cost0;
                     cost[1] = cost1;
                     cost[2] = cost2;
                     cost[3] = cost3;
                     cost[4] = cost4;
                     cost[5] = cost5;
-
                 } else {
-                    for (int t = nGroups; --t >= 0;) {
-                        cost[t] = 0;
-                    }
-
-                    for (int i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
-                        final int icv = sfmap[i];
-                        for (int t = nGroups; --t >= 0;) {
-                            cost[t] += len[t][icv] & 0xff;
+                    for (i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
+                        short icv = szptr[i];
+                        for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+                            cost[t] += len[t][icv];
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1104,25 +695,24 @@
                   Find the coding table which is best for this group,
                   and record its identity in the selector table.
                 */
-                int bt = -1;
-                for (int t = nGroups, bc = 999999999; --t >= 0;) {
-                    final int cost_t = cost[t];
-                    if (cost_t < bc) {
-                        bc = cost_t;
+                bc = 999999999;
+                bt = -1;
+                for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+                    if (cost[t] < bc) {
+                        bc = cost[t];
                         bt = t;
                     }
-                }
-
+                };
+                totc += bc;
                 fave[bt]++;
-                selector[nSelectors] = (byte) bt;
+                selector[nSelectors] = (char) bt;
                 nSelectors++;
 
                 /*
                   Increment the symbol frequencies for the selected table.
                 */
-                final int[] rfreq_bt = rfreq[bt];
-                for (int i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
-                    rfreq_bt[sfmap[i]]++;
+                for (i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
+                    rfreq[bt][szptr[i]]++;
                 }
 
                 gs = ge + 1;
@@ -1131,861 +721,850 @@
             /*
               Recompute the tables based on the accumulated frequencies.
             */
-            for (int t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
-                hbMakeCodeLengths(len[t], rfreq[t], this.data, alphaSize, 20);
+            for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+                hbMakeCodeLengths(len[t], rfreq[t], alphaSize, 20);
             }
         }
 
-        return nSelectors;
-    }
-
-    private void sendMTFValues2(final int nGroups, final int nSelectors) {
-        // assert (nGroups < 8) : nGroups;
-
-        final Data dataShadow = this.data;
-        byte[] pos = dataShadow.sendMTFValues2_pos;
+        rfreq = null;
+        fave = null;
+        cost = null;
 
-        for (int i = nGroups; --i >= 0;) {
-            pos[i] = (byte) i;
+        if (!(nGroups < 8)) {
+            panic();
+        }
+        if (!(nSelectors < 32768 && nSelectors <= (2 + (900000 / G_SIZE)))) {
+            panic();
         }
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < nSelectors; i++) {
-            final byte ll_i = dataShadow.selector[i];
-            byte tmp = pos[0];
-            int j = 0;
 
-            while (ll_i != tmp) {
-                j++;
-                byte tmp2 = tmp;
+        /* Compute MTF values for the selectors. */
+        {
+            char[] pos = new char[N_GROUPS];
+            char ll_i, tmp2, tmp;
+            for (i = 0; i < nGroups; i++) {
+                pos[i] = (char) i;
+            }
+            for (i = 0; i < nSelectors; i++) {
+                ll_i = selector[i];
+                j = 0;
                 tmp = pos[j];
-                pos[j] = tmp2;
+                while (ll_i != tmp) {
+                    j++;
+                    tmp2 = tmp;
+                    tmp = pos[j];
+                    pos[j] = tmp2;
+                }
+                pos[0] = tmp;
+                selectorMtf[i] = (char) j;
             }
-
-            pos[0] = tmp;
-            dataShadow.selectorMtf[i] = (byte) j;
         }
-    }
 
-    private void sendMTFValues3(final int nGroups, final int alphaSize) {
-        int[][] code  = this.data.sendMTFValues_code;
-        byte[][] len  = this.data.sendMTFValues_len;
+        int[][] code = new int[N_GROUPS][MAX_ALPHA_SIZE];
 
-        for (int t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
-            int minLen = 32;
-            int maxLen = 0;
-            final byte[] len_t = len[t];
-            for (int i = alphaSize; --i >= 0;) {
-                final int l = len_t[i] & 0xff;
-                if (l > maxLen) {
-                    maxLen = l;
-                }
-                if (l < minLen) {
-                    minLen = l;
+        /* Assign actual codes for the tables. */
+        for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+            minLen = 32;
+            maxLen = 0;
+            for (i = 0; i < alphaSize; i++) {
+                if (len[t][i] > maxLen) {
+                    maxLen = len[t][i];
+                }
+                if (len[t][i] < minLen) {
+                    minLen = len[t][i];
                 }
             }
-
-            // assert (maxLen <= 20) : maxLen;
-            // assert (minLen >= 1) : minLen;
-
+            if (maxLen > 20) {
+                panic();
+            }
+            if (minLen < 1) {
+                panic();
+            }
             hbAssignCodes(code[t], len[t], minLen, maxLen, alphaSize);
         }
-    }
-
-    private void sendMTFValues4() throws IOException {
-        final boolean[] inUse = this.data.inUse;
-        final boolean[] inUse16 = this.data.sentMTFValues4_inUse16;
 
-        for (int i = 16; --i >= 0;) {
-            inUse16[i] = false;
-            final int i16 = i * 16;
-            for (int j = 16; --j >= 0;) {
-                if (inUse[i16 + j]) {
-                    inUse16[i] = true;
+        /* Transmit the mapping table. */
+        {
+            boolean[] inUse16 = new boolean[16];
+            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+                inUse16[i] = false;
+                for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+                    if (inUse[i * 16 + j]) {
+                        inUse16[i] = true;
+                    }
                 }
             }
-        }
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-            bsW(1, inUse16[i] ? 1 : 0);
-        }
-
-        final OutputStream outShadow = this.out;
-        int bsLiveShadow    = this.bsLive;
-        int bsBuffShadow    = this.bsBuff;
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-            if (inUse16[i]) {
-                final int i16 = i * 16;
-                for (int j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
-                    // inlined: bsW(1, inUse[i16 + j] ? 1 : 0);
-                    while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                        outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24); // write 8-bit
-                        bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                        bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-                    }
-                    if (inUse[i16 + j]) {
-                        bsBuffShadow |= 1 << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 1);
-                    }
-                    bsLiveShadow++;
+            nBytes = bytesOut;
+            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+                if (inUse16[i]) {
+                    bsW(1, 1);
+                } else {
+                    bsW(1, 0);
                 }
             }
-        }
-
-        this.bsBuff = bsBuffShadow;
-        this.bsLive = bsLiveShadow;
-    }
-
-    private void sendMTFValues5(final int nGroups, final int nSelectors)
-        throws IOException {
-        bsW(3, nGroups);
-        bsW(15, nSelectors);
 
-        final OutputStream outShadow = this.out;
-        final byte[] selectorMtf = this.data.selectorMtf;
-
-        int bsLiveShadow    = this.bsLive;
-        int bsBuffShadow    = this.bsBuff;
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < nSelectors; i++) {
-            for (int j = 0, hj = selectorMtf[i] & 0xff; j < hj; j++) {
-                // inlined: bsW(1, 1);
-                while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                    outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24);
-                    bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                    bsLiveShadow -= 8;
+            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+                if (inUse16[i]) {
+                    for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+                        if (inUse[i * 16 + j]) {
+                            bsW(1, 1);
+                        } else {
+                            bsW(1, 0);
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
-                bsBuffShadow |= 1 << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 1);
-                bsLiveShadow++;
             }
 
-            // inlined: bsW(1, 0);
-            while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24);
-                bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-            }
-            //bsBuffShadow |= 0 << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 1);
-            bsLiveShadow++;
         }
 
-        this.bsBuff = bsBuffShadow;
-        this.bsLive = bsLiveShadow;
-    }
-
-    private void sendMTFValues6(final int nGroups, final int alphaSize)
-        throws IOException {
-        final byte[][] len = this.data.sendMTFValues_len;
-        final OutputStream outShadow = this.out;
-
-        int bsLiveShadow = this.bsLive;
-        int bsBuffShadow = this.bsBuff;
+        /* Now the selectors. */
+        nBytes = bytesOut;
+        bsW (3, nGroups);
+        bsW (15, nSelectors);
+        for (i = 0; i < nSelectors; i++) {
+            for (j = 0; j < selectorMtf[i]; j++) {
+                bsW(1, 1);
+            }
+            bsW(1, 0);
+        }
 
-        for (int t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
-            byte[] len_t = len[t];
-            int curr = len_t[0] & 0xff;
-
-            // inlined: bsW(5, curr);
-            while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24); // write 8-bit
-                bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-            }
-            bsBuffShadow |= curr << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 5);
-            bsLiveShadow += 5;
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < alphaSize; i++) {
-                int lti = len_t[i] & 0xff;
-                while (curr < lti) {
-                    // inlined: bsW(2, 2);
-                    while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                        outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24); // write 8-bit
-                        bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                        bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-                    }
-                    bsBuffShadow |= 2 << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 2);
-                    bsLiveShadow += 2;
+        /* Now the coding tables. */
+        nBytes = bytesOut;
 
+        for (t = 0; t < nGroups; t++) {
+            int curr = len[t][0];
+            bsW(5, curr);
+            for (i = 0; i < alphaSize; i++) {
+                while (curr < len[t][i]) {
+                    bsW(2, 2);
                     curr++; /* 10 */
                 }
-
-                while (curr > lti) {
-                    // inlined: bsW(2, 3);
-                    while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                        outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24); // write 8-bit
-                        bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                        bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-                    }
-                    bsBuffShadow |= 3 << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 2);
-                    bsLiveShadow += 2;
-
+                while (curr > len[t][i]) {
+                    bsW(2, 3);
                     curr--; /* 11 */
                 }
-
-                // inlined: bsW(1, 0);
-                while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                    outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24); // write 8-bit
-                    bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                    bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-                }
-                // bsBuffShadow |= 0 << (32 - bsLiveShadow - 1);
-                bsLiveShadow++;
+                bsW (1, 0);
             }
         }
 
-        this.bsBuff = bsBuffShadow;
-        this.bsLive = bsLiveShadow;
-    }
-
-    private void sendMTFValues7(final int nSelectors) throws IOException {
-        final Data dataShadow         = this.data;
-        final byte[][] len      = dataShadow.sendMTFValues_len;
-        final int[][] code      = dataShadow.sendMTFValues_code;
-        final OutputStream outShadow  = this.out;
-        final byte[] selector   = dataShadow.selector;
-        final char[] sfmap      = dataShadow.sfmap;
-        final int nMTFShadow          = this.nMTF;
-
-        int selCtr = 0;
-
-        int bsLiveShadow = this.bsLive;
-        int bsBuffShadow = this.bsBuff;
-
-        for (int gs = 0; gs < nMTFShadow;) {
-            final int ge = Math.min(gs + G_SIZE - 1, nMTFShadow - 1);
-            final int selector_selCtr = selector[selCtr] & 0xff;
-            final int[] code_selCtr = code[selector_selCtr];
-            final byte[] len_selCtr = len[selector_selCtr];
-
-            while (gs <= ge) {
-                final int sfmap_i = sfmap[gs];
-
-                //
-                // inlined: bsW(len_selCtr[sfmap_i] & 0xff,
-                //              code_selCtr[sfmap_i]);
-                //
-                while (bsLiveShadow >= 8) {
-                    outShadow.write(bsBuffShadow >> 24);
-                    bsBuffShadow <<= 8;
-                    bsLiveShadow -= 8;
-                }
-                final int n = len_selCtr[sfmap_i] & 0xFF;
-                bsBuffShadow |= code_selCtr[sfmap_i] << (32 - bsLiveShadow - n);
-                bsLiveShadow += n;
-
-                gs++;
+        /* And finally, the block data proper */
+        nBytes = bytesOut;
+        selCtr = 0;
+        gs = 0;
+        while (true) {
+            if (gs >= nMTF) {
+                break;
+            }
+            ge = gs + G_SIZE - 1;
+            if (ge >= nMTF) {
+                ge = nMTF - 1;
+            }
+            for (i = gs; i <= ge; i++) {
+                bsW(len[selector[selCtr]][szptr[i]],
+                    code[selector[selCtr]][szptr[i]]);
             }
 
             gs = ge + 1;
             selCtr++;
         }
-
-        this.bsBuff = bsBuffShadow;
-        this.bsLive = bsLiveShadow;
+        if (!(selCtr == nSelectors)) {
+            panic();
+        }
     }
 
-    private void moveToFrontCodeAndSend() throws IOException {
-        bsW(24, this.origPtr);
+    private void moveToFrontCodeAndSend () throws IOException {
+        bsPutIntVS(24, origPtr);
         generateMTFValues();
         sendMTFValues();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * This is the most hammered method of this class.
-     *
-     * <p>This is the version using unrolled loops. Normally I never
-     * use such ones in Java code.  The unrolling has shown a
-     * noticable performance improvement on JRE 1.4.2 (Linux i586 /
-     * HotSpot Client). Of course it depends on the JIT compiler of
-     * the vm.</p>
-     */
-    private boolean mainSimpleSort(final Data dataShadow, final int lo, final int hi,
-                                   final int d) {
-        final int bigN = hi - lo + 1;
+    private OutputStream bsStream;
+
+    private void simpleSort(int lo, int hi, int d) {
+        int i, j, h, bigN, hp;
+        int v;
+
+        bigN = hi - lo + 1;
         if (bigN < 2) {
-            return this.firstAttempt && (this.workDone > this.workLimit);
+            return;
         }
 
-        int hp = 0;
-        while (INCS[hp] < bigN) {
+        hp = 0;
+        while (incs[hp] < bigN) {
             hp++;
         }
+        hp--;
 
-        final int[] fmap            = dataShadow.fmap;
-        final char[] quadrant       = dataShadow.quadrant;
-        final byte[] block          = dataShadow.block;
-        final int lastShadow              = this.last;
-        final int lastPlus1         = lastShadow + 1;
-        final boolean firstAttemptShadow  = this.firstAttempt;
-        final int workLimitShadow         = this.workLimit;
-        int workDoneShadow                = this.workDone;
-
-        // Following block contains unrolled code which could be shortened by
-        // coding it in additional loops.
-
-        HP: while (--hp >= 0) {
-            final int h = INCS[hp];
-            final int mj = lo + h - 1;
-
-            for (int i = lo + h; i <= hi;) {
-                // copy
-                for (int k = 3; (i <= hi) && (--k >= 0); i++) {
-                    final int v = fmap[i];
-                    final int vd = v + d;
-                    int j = i;
-
-                    //  for (int a;
-                    //       (j > mj) && mainGtU((a = fmap[j - h]) + d, vd,
-                    //                           block, quadrant, lastShadow);
-                    //       j -= h) {
-                    //      fmap[j] = a;
-                    //  }
-                    //
-                    // unrolled version:
-
-                    // start inline mainGTU
-                    boolean onceRunned = false;
-                    int a = 0;
-
-                    HAMMER: while (true) {
-                        if (onceRunned) {
-                            fmap[j] = a;
-                            if ((j -= h) <= mj) {
-                                break HAMMER;
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            onceRunned = true;
-                        }
+        for (; hp >= 0; hp--) {
+            h = incs[hp];
 
-                        a = fmap[j - h];
-                        int i1 = a + d;
-                        int i2 = vd;
-
-                        // following could be done in a loop, but
-                        // unrolled it for performance:
-                        if (block[i1 + 1] == block[i2 + 1]) {
-                            if (block[i1 + 2] == block[i2 + 2]) {
-                                if (block[i1 + 3] == block[i2 + 3]) {
-                                    if (block[i1 + 4] == block[i2 + 4]) {
-                                        if (block[i1 + 5] == block[i2 + 5]) {
-                                            if (block[(i1 += 6)]
-                                                == block[(i2 += 6)]) {
-                                                int x = lastShadow;
-                                                X: while (x > 0) {
-                                                    x -= 4;
-
-                                                    if (block[i1 + 1]
-                                                        == block[i2 + 1]) {
-                                                        if (quadrant[i1]
-                                                            == quadrant[i2]) {
-                                                            if (block[i1 + 2] == block[i2 + 2]) {
-                                                                if (quadrant[i1 + 1] == quadrant[i2 + 1]) {
-                                                                    if (block[i1 + 3] == block[i2 + 3]) {
-                                                                        if (quadrant[i1 + 2] == quadrant[i2 + 2]) {
-                                                                            if (block[i1 + 4] == block[i2 + 4]) {
-                                                                                if (quadrant[i1 + 3] == quadrant[i2 + 3]) {
-                                                                                    if ((i1 += 4) >= lastPlus1) {
-                                                                                        i1 -= lastPlus1;
-                                                                                    }
-                                                                                    if ((i2 += 4) >= lastPlus1) {
-                                                                                        i2 -= lastPlus1;
-                                                                                    }
-                                                                                    workDoneShadow++;
-                                                                                    continue X;
-                                                                                } else if ((quadrant[i1 + 3] > quadrant[i2 + 3])) {
-                                                                                    continue HAMMER;
-                                                                                } else {
-                                                                                    break HAMMER;
-                                                                                }
-                                                                            } else if ((block[i1 + 4] & 0xff) > (block[i2 + 4] & 0xff)) {
-                                                                                continue HAMMER;
-                                                                            } else {
-                                                                                break HAMMER;
-                                                                            }
-                                                                        } else if ((quadrant[i1 + 2] > quadrant[i2 + 2])) {
-                                                                            continue HAMMER;
-                                                                        } else {
-                                                                            break HAMMER;
-                                                                        }
-                                                                    } else if ((block[i1 + 3] & 0xff) > (block[i2 + 3] & 0xff)) {
-                                                                        continue HAMMER;
-                                                                    } else {
-                                                                        break HAMMER;
-                                                                    }
-                                                                } else if ((quadrant[i1 + 1] > quadrant[i2 + 1])) {
-                                                                    continue HAMMER;
-                                                                } else {
-                                                                    break HAMMER;
-                                                                }
-                                                            } else if ((block[i1 + 2] & 0xff) > (block[i2 + 2] & 0xff)) {
-                                                                continue HAMMER;
-                                                            } else {
-                                                                break HAMMER;
-                                                            }
-                                                        } else if ((quadrant[i1] > quadrant[i2])) {
-                                                            continue HAMMER;
-                                                        } else {
-                                                            break HAMMER;
-                                                        }
-                                                    } else if ((block[i1 + 1] & 0xff) > (block[i2 + 1] & 0xff)) {
-                                                        continue HAMMER;
-                                                    } else {
-                                                        break HAMMER;
-                                                    }
-
-                                                }
-                                                break HAMMER;
-                                            } // while x > 0
-                                            else {
-                                                if ((block[i1] & 0xff)
-                                                    > (block[i2] & 0xff)) {
-                                                    continue HAMMER;
-                                                } else {
-                                                    break HAMMER;
-                                                }
-                                            }
-                                        } else if ((block[i1 + 5] & 0xff)
-                                                   > (block[i2 + 5] & 0xff)) {
-                                            continue HAMMER;
-                                        } else {
-                                            break HAMMER;
-                                        }
-                                    } else if ((block[i1 + 4] & 0xff)
-                                               > (block[i2 + 4] & 0xff)) {
-                                        continue HAMMER;
-                                    } else {
-                                        break HAMMER;
-                                    }
-                                } else if ((block[i1 + 3] & 0xff)
-                                           > (block[i2 + 3] & 0xff)) {
-                                    continue HAMMER;
-                                } else {
-                                    break HAMMER;
-                                }
-                            } else if ((block[i1 + 2] & 0xff)
-                                       > (block[i2 + 2] & 0xff)) {
-                                continue HAMMER;
-                            } else {
-                                break HAMMER;
-                            }
-                        } else if ((block[i1 + 1] & 0xff)
-                                   > (block[i2 + 1] & 0xff)) {
-                            continue HAMMER;
-                        } else {
-                            break HAMMER;
-                        }
+            i = lo + h;
+            while (true) {
+                /* copy 1 */
+                if (i > hi) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                v = zptr[i];
+                j = i;
+                while (fullGtU(zptr[j - h] + d, v + d)) {
+                    zptr[j] = zptr[j - h];
+                    j = j - h;
+                    if (j <= (lo + h - 1)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                zptr[j] = v;
+                i++;
 
-                    } // HAMMER
-                    // end inline mainGTU
+                /* copy 2 */
+                if (i > hi) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                v = zptr[i];
+                j = i;
+                while (fullGtU(zptr[j - h] + d, v + d)) {
+                    zptr[j] = zptr[j - h];
+                    j = j - h;
+                    if (j <= (lo + h - 1)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                zptr[j] = v;
+                i++;
 
-                    fmap[j] = v;
+                /* copy 3 */
+                if (i > hi) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                v = zptr[i];
+                j = i;
+                while (fullGtU(zptr[j - h] + d, v + d)) {
+                    zptr[j] = zptr[j - h];
+                    j = j - h;
+                    if (j <= (lo + h - 1)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
                 }
+                zptr[j] = v;
+                i++;
 
-                if (firstAttemptShadow && (i <= hi) && (workDoneShadow > workLimitShadow)) {
-                    break HP;
+                if (workDone > workLimit && firstAttempt) {
+                    return;
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        this.workDone = workDoneShadow;
-        return firstAttemptShadow && (workDoneShadow > workLimitShadow);
     }
 
-    private static void vswap(int[] fmap, int p1, int p2, int n) {
-        n += p1;
-        while (p1 < n) {
-            int t = fmap[p1];
-            fmap[p1++] = fmap[p2];
-            fmap[p2++] = t;
+    private void vswap(int p1, int p2, int n) {
+        int temp = 0;
+        while (n > 0) {
+            temp = zptr[p1];
+            zptr[p1] = zptr[p2];
+            zptr[p2] = temp;
+            p1++;
+            p2++;
+            n--;
         }
     }
 
-    private static byte med3(byte a, byte b, byte c) {
-        return (a < b)
-            ? (b < c ? b : a < c ? c : a)
-            : (b > c ? b : a > c ? c : a);
+    private char med3(char a, char b, char c) {
+        char t;
+        if (a > b) {
+            t = a;
+            a = b;
+            b = t;
+        }
+        if (b > c) {
+            t = b;
+            b = c;
+            c = t;
+        }
+        if (a > b) {
+            b = a;
+        }
+        return b;
     }
 
-    private void blockSort() {
-        this.workLimit = WORK_FACTOR * this.last;
-        this.workDone = 0;
-        this.blockRandomised = false;
-        this.firstAttempt = true;
-        mainSort();
+    private static class StackElem {
+        int ll;
+        int hh;
+        int dd;
+    }
 
-        if (this.firstAttempt && (this.workDone > this.workLimit)) {
-            randomiseBlock();
-            this.workLimit = this.workDone = 0;
-            this.firstAttempt = false;
-            mainSort();
+    private void qSort3(int loSt, int hiSt, int dSt) {
+        int unLo, unHi, ltLo, gtHi, med, n, m;
+        int sp, lo, hi, d;
+        StackElem[] stack = new StackElem[QSORT_STACK_SIZE];
+        for (int count = 0; count < QSORT_STACK_SIZE; count++) {
+            stack[count] = new StackElem();
         }
 
-        int[] fmap = this.data.fmap;
-        this.origPtr = -1;
-        for (int i = 0, lastShadow = this.last; i <= lastShadow; i++) {
-            if (fmap[i] == 0) {
-                this.origPtr = i;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
+        sp = 0;
 
-        // assert (this.origPtr != -1) : this.origPtr;
-    }
+        stack[sp].ll = loSt;
+        stack[sp].hh = hiSt;
+        stack[sp].dd = dSt;
+        sp++;
 
-    /**
-     * Method "mainQSort3", file "blocksort.c", BZip2 1.0.2
-     */
-    private void mainQSort3(final Data dataShadow, final int loSt, final int hiSt,
-                            final int dSt) {
-        final int[] stack_ll = dataShadow.stack_ll;
-        final int[] stack_hh = dataShadow.stack_hh;
-        final int[] stack_dd = dataShadow.stack_dd;
-        final int[] fmap     = dataShadow.fmap;
-        final byte[] block   = dataShadow.block;
-
-        stack_ll[0] = loSt;
-        stack_hh[0] = hiSt;
-        stack_dd[0] = dSt;
-
-        for (int sp = 1; --sp >= 0;) {
-            final int lo = stack_ll[sp];
-            final int hi = stack_hh[sp];
-            final int d = stack_dd[sp];
+        while (sp > 0) {
+            if (sp >= QSORT_STACK_SIZE) {
+                panic();
+            }
+
+            sp--;
+            lo = stack[sp].ll;
+            hi = stack[sp].hh;
+            d = stack[sp].dd;
 
-            if ((hi - lo < SMALL_THRESH) || (d > DEPTH_THRESH)) {
-                if (mainSimpleSort(dataShadow, lo, hi, d)) {
+            if (hi - lo < SMALL_THRESH || d > DEPTH_THRESH) {
+                simpleSort(lo, hi, d);
+                if (workDone > workLimit && firstAttempt) {
                     return;
                 }
-            } else {
-                final int d1 = d + 1;
-                final int med = med3(block[fmap[lo]              + d1],
-                                     block[fmap[hi            ]  + d1],
-                                     block[fmap[(lo + hi) >> 1]  + d1])
-                    & 0xff;
-
-                int unLo = lo;
-                int unHi = hi;
-                int ltLo = lo;
-                int gtHi = hi;
+                continue;
+            }
 
+            med = med3(block[zptr[lo] + d + 1],
+                       block[zptr[hi            ] + d  + 1],
+                       block[zptr[(lo + hi) >> 1] + d + 1]);
+
+            unLo = ltLo = lo;
+            unHi = gtHi = hi;
+
+            while (true) {
                 while (true) {
-                    while (unLo <= unHi) {
-                        final int n =
-                            ((int) block[fmap[unLo] + d1] & 0xff) - med;
-                        if (n == 0) {
-                            final int temp = fmap[unLo];
-                            fmap[unLo++] = fmap[ltLo];
-                            fmap[ltLo++] = temp;
-                        } else if (n < 0) {
-                            unLo++;
-                        } else {
-                            break;
-                        }
+                    if (unLo > unHi) {
+                        break;
                     }
-
-                    while (unLo <= unHi) {
-                        final int n =
-                            ((int) block[fmap[unHi] + d1] & 0xff) - med;
-                        if (n == 0) {
-                            final int temp = fmap[unHi];
-                            fmap[unHi--] = fmap[gtHi];
-                            fmap[gtHi--] = temp;
-                        } else if (n > 0) {
-                            unHi--;
-                        } else {
-                            break;
-                        }
+                    n = ((int) block[zptr[unLo] + d + 1]) - med;
+                    if (n == 0) {
+                        int temp = 0;
+                        temp = zptr[unLo];
+                        zptr[unLo] = zptr[ltLo];
+                        zptr[ltLo] = temp;
+                        ltLo++;
+                        unLo++;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    if (n >  0) {
+                        break;
                     }
-
-                    if (unLo <= unHi) {
-                        final int temp = fmap[unLo];
-                        fmap[unLo++] = fmap[unHi];
-                        fmap[unHi--] = temp;
-                    } else {
+                    unLo++;
+                }
+                while (true) {
+                    if (unLo > unHi) {
                         break;
                     }
+                    n = ((int) block[zptr[unHi] + d + 1]) - med;
+                    if (n == 0) {
+                        int temp = 0;
+                        temp = zptr[unHi];
+                        zptr[unHi] = zptr[gtHi];
+                        zptr[gtHi] = temp;
+                        gtHi--;
+                        unHi--;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    if (n <  0) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    unHi--;
                 }
-
-                if (gtHi < ltLo) {
-                    stack_ll[sp] = lo;
-                    stack_hh[sp] = hi;
-                    stack_dd[sp] = d1;
-                    sp++;
-                } else {
-                    int n = ((ltLo - lo) < (unLo - ltLo))
-                        ? (ltLo - lo) : (unLo - ltLo);
-                    vswap(fmap, lo, unLo - n, n);
-                    int m = ((hi - gtHi) < (gtHi - unHi))
-                        ? (hi - gtHi) : (gtHi - unHi);
-                    vswap(fmap, unLo, hi - m + 1, m);
-
-                    n = lo + unLo - ltLo - 1;
-                    m = hi - (gtHi - unHi) + 1;
-
-                    stack_ll[sp] = lo;
-                    stack_hh[sp] = n;
-                    stack_dd[sp] = d;
-                    sp++;
-
-                    stack_ll[sp] = n + 1;
-                    stack_hh[sp] = m - 1;
-                    stack_dd[sp] = d1;
-                    sp++;
-
-                    stack_ll[sp] = m;
-                    stack_hh[sp] = hi;
-                    stack_dd[sp] = d;
-                    sp++;
+                if (unLo > unHi) {
+                    break;
                 }
-            }
+                int temp = 0;
+                temp = zptr[unLo];
+                zptr[unLo] = zptr[unHi];
+                zptr[unHi] = temp;
+                unLo++;
+                unHi--;
+            }
+
+            if (gtHi < ltLo) {
+                stack[sp].ll = lo;
+                stack[sp].hh = hi;
+                stack[sp].dd = d + 1;
+                sp++;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            n = ((ltLo - lo) < (unLo - ltLo)) ? (ltLo - lo) : (unLo - ltLo);
+            vswap(lo, unLo - n, n);
+            m = ((hi - gtHi) < (gtHi - unHi)) ? (hi - gtHi) : (gtHi - unHi);
+            vswap(unLo, hi - m + 1, m);
+
+            n = lo + unLo - ltLo - 1;
+            m = hi - (gtHi - unHi) + 1;
+
+            stack[sp].ll = lo;
+            stack[sp].hh = n;
+            stack[sp].dd = d;
+            sp++;
+
+            stack[sp].ll = n + 1;
+            stack[sp].hh = m - 1;
+            stack[sp].dd = d + 1;
+            sp++;
+
+            stack[sp].ll = m;
+            stack[sp].hh = hi;
+            stack[sp].dd = d;
+            sp++;
         }
     }
 
     private void mainSort() {
-        final Data dataShadow             = this.data;
-        final int[] runningOrder    = dataShadow.mainSort_runningOrder;
-        final int[] copy            = dataShadow.mainSort_copy;
-        final boolean[] bigDone     = dataShadow.mainSort_bigDone;
-        final int[] ftab            = dataShadow.ftab;
-        final byte[] block          = dataShadow.block;
-        final int[] fmap            = dataShadow.fmap;
-        final char[] quadrant       = dataShadow.quadrant;
-        final int lastShadow              = this.last;
-        final int workLimitShadow         = this.workLimit;
-        final boolean firstAttemptShadow  = this.firstAttempt;
-
-        // Set up the 2-byte frequency table
-        for (int i = 65537; --i >= 0;) {
-            ftab[i] = 0;
-        }
+        int i, j, ss, sb;
+        int[] runningOrder = new int[256];
+        int[] copy = new int[256];
+        boolean[] bigDone = new boolean[256];
+        int c1, c2;
+        int numQSorted;
 
         /*
           In the various block-sized structures, live data runs
           from 0 to last+NUM_OVERSHOOT_BYTES inclusive.  First,
           set up the overshoot area for block.
         */
-        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_OVERSHOOT_BYTES; i++) {
-            block[lastShadow + i + 2] = block[(i % (lastShadow + 1)) + 1];
+
+        //   if (verbosity >= 4) fprintf ( stderr, "   sort initialise ...\n" );
+        for (i = 0; i < NUM_OVERSHOOT_BYTES; i++) {
+            block[last + i + 2] = block[(i % (last + 1)) + 1];
         }
-        for (int i = lastShadow + NUM_OVERSHOOT_BYTES; --i >= 0;) {
+        for (i = 0; i <= last + NUM_OVERSHOOT_BYTES; i++) {
             quadrant[i] = 0;
         }
-        block[0] = block[lastShadow + 1];
 
-        // Complete the initial radix sort:
+        block[0] = (char) (block[last + 1]);
 
-        int c1 = block[0] & 0xff;
-        for (int i = 0; i <= lastShadow; i++) {
-            final int c2 = block[i + 1] & 0xff;
-            ftab[(c1 << 8) + c2]++;
-            c1 = c2;
-        }
+        if (last < 4000) {
+            /*
+              Use simpleSort(), since the full sorting mechanism
+              has quite a large constant overhead.
+            */
+            for (i = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+                zptr[i] = i;
+            }
+            firstAttempt = false;
+            workDone = workLimit = 0;
+            simpleSort(0, last, 0);
+        } else {
+            numQSorted = 0;
+            for (i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
+                bigDone[i] = false;
+            }
 
-        for (int i = 1; i <= 65536; i++)
-            ftab[i] += ftab[i - 1];
+            for (i = 0; i <= 65536; i++) {
+                ftab[i] = 0;
+            }
 
-        c1 = block[1] & 0xff;
-        for (int i = 0; i < lastShadow; i++) {
-            final int c2 = block[i + 2] & 0xff;
-            fmap[--ftab[(c1 << 8) + c2]] = i;
-            c1 = c2;
-        }
+            c1 = block[0];
+            for (i = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+                c2 = block[i + 1];
+                ftab[(c1 << 8) + c2]++;
+                c1 = c2;
+            }
 
-        fmap[--ftab[((block[lastShadow + 1] & 0xff) << 8) + (block[1] & 0xff)]]
-            = lastShadow;
+            for (i = 1; i <= 65536; i++) {
+                ftab[i] += ftab[i - 1];
+            }
 
-        /*
+            c1 = block[1];
+            for (i = 0; i < last; i++) {
+                c2 = block[i + 2];
+                j = (c1 << 8) + c2;
+                c1 = c2;
+                ftab[j]--;
+                zptr[ftab[j]] = i;
+            }
+
+            j = ((block[last + 1]) << 8) + (block[1]);
+            ftab[j]--;
+            zptr[ftab[j]] = last;
+
+            /*
               Now ftab contains the first loc of every small bucket.
               Calculate the running order, from smallest to largest
               big bucket.
-        */
-        for (int i = 256; --i >= 0;) {
-            bigDone[i] = false;
-            runningOrder[i] = i;
-        }
-
-        for (int h = 364; h != 1;) {
-            h /= 3;
-            for (int i = h; i <= 255; i++) {
-                final int vv = runningOrder[i];
-                final int a = ftab[(vv + 1) << 8] - ftab[vv << 8];
-                final int b = h - 1;
-                int j = i;
-                for (int ro = runningOrder[j - h];
-                     (ftab[(ro + 1) << 8] - ftab[ro << 8]) > a;
-                     ro = runningOrder[j - h]) {
-                    runningOrder[j] = ro;
-                    j -= h;
-                    if (j <= b) {
-                        break;
+            */
+
+            for (i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
+                runningOrder[i] = i;
+            }
+
+            {
+                int vv;
+                int h = 1;
+                do {
+                    h = 3 * h + 1;
+                }
+                while (h <= 256);
+                do {
+                    h = h / 3;
+                    for (i = h; i <= 255; i++) {
+                        vv = runningOrder[i];
+                        j = i;
+                        while ((ftab[((runningOrder[j - h]) + 1) << 8]
+                                - ftab[(runningOrder[j - h]) << 8])
+                                > (ftab[((vv) + 1) << 8] - ftab[(vv) << 8])) {
+                            runningOrder[j] = runningOrder[j - h];
+                            j = j - h;
+                            if (j <= (h - 1)) {
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        runningOrder[j] = vv;
                     }
-                }
-                runningOrder[j] = vv;
+                } while (h != 1);
             }
-        }
 
-        /*
-              The main sorting loop.
-        */
-        for (int i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
             /*

[... 594 lines stripped ...]


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