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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Create a Constraint</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="" /><link rel="up" href="tutorials.html" title="Tutorials" /><link rel="prev" href="howto-leverage-properties.html" title="Leverage Properties" /><link rel="next" href="howto-create-concern.html" title="Create a Concern" />
+
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushCSharp.js"></script>
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['tab-size'] = 4;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['gutter'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['toolbar'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.all()
+</script>
+
+<!-- JQuery -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
+
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+
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+
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+
+ </head><body><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="logo"><a href="index.html"><img src="images/logo-standard.png" /></a></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="top-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="index.html#home">Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro.html">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="tutorials.html">Tutorials</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="javadocs.html">Javadoc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="samples.html">Samples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="core.html">Core</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="libraries.html">Libraries</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="extensions.html">Extensions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="glossary.ht
ml">Glossary�</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="sub-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tutorials.html#_overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="two-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 2 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ten-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 10 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="thirty-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-assemble-application.html">Assemble an Application</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-composites.html">Transient Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-services.html">Services Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a
href="howto-contextual-fragments.html">Use contextual fragments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-leverage-properties.html">Leverage Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="howto-create-constraint.html">Create a Constraint</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-concern.html">Create a Concern</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-sideeffect.html">Create a SideEffect</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-entity.html">Create an Entity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-configure-service.html">Configure a Service</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-invocation-annotation.html">Use @Invocation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="build-system.html">Polygene\u2122 Build System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="community-docs.html">Polygene\u2122 Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sectio
n"><a href="releasing-apache.html">Releasing Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Create a Constraint"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="howto-create-constraint"></a>Create a Constraint</h3></div></div></div><p>Constraints are defined in <a class="xref" href="glossary.html#def-constraint">Constraint</a>.</p><p>If you want to reproduce what\u2019s explained in this tutorial, remember to depend on the Core Bootstrap artifact:</p><p>At runtime you will need the Core Runtime artifact too. See the <a class="xref" href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html" title="Depend on Polygene\u2122">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a> tutorial for details.</p><div class="section" title="Method Constraint"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_method_constraint"></a>Method Constraint</h4></div></div></div><p>Method Constraints are declared with annotations on the method argument. The annotation itself is custom, and it is possible to make your
own.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface Dialer
+{
+ void callPhoneNumber(@PhoneNumber String phoneNo);
+
+}
+</pre><p>In the code above we say that we want the argument to the callPhoneNumber() method to be a valid phone number. This annotation is not built-in, so we need to declare it.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@ConstraintDeclaration
+@Retention( RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME )
+@Target( { ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE, ElementType.METHOD } )
+public @interface PhoneNumber
+{
+}
+</pre><p>We then need to provide the Constraint implementation.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class PhoneNumberConstraint
+ implements Constraint<PhoneNumber, String>
+{
+ public boolean isValid( PhoneNumber annotation, String number )
+ {
+ boolean validPhoneNumber = true; // check phone number format...
+ return validPhoneNumber; // return true if valid phone number.
+ }
+}
+</pre><p>We also need to include the Constraint on the Composites we want to have them present.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Constraints( PhoneNumberConstraint.class )
+public interface DialerComposite extends ServiceComposite, Dialer
+{
+}
+</pre><p>If a Constraint is violated, then a ConstraintViolationException is thrown. The Exception contains ALL violations found
+in the method invocation. Concerns can be used to catch and report these violations.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class ParameterViolationConcern extends ConcernOf<InvocationHandler>
+ implements InvocationHandler
+{
+ public Object invoke( Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args )
+ throws Throwable
+ {
+ try
+ {
+ return next.invoke( proxy, method, args );
+ }
+ catch( ConstraintViolationException e )
+ {
+ for( ConstraintViolation violation : e.constraintViolations() )
+ {
+ String name = violation.name();
+ Object value = violation.value();
+ Annotation constraint = violation.constraint();
+ report( name, value, constraint );
+ }
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid argument(s)", e);
+ }
+ }
+
+ [...snip...]
+
+ private void report( String name, Object value, Annotation constraint )
+ {
+ }
+}
+</pre></div><div class="section" title="Property Constraint"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_property_constraint"></a>Property Constraint</h4></div></div></div><p>Property Constraints are declared on the Property method.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface HasPhoneNumber
+{
+ @PhoneNumber
+ Property<String> phoneNumber();
+}
+</pre><p>In this case, the Constraint associated with the phoneNumber() method, will be called before the set() method on that
+Property is called. If there is a constraint violation, the Exception thrown will be part of the caller, and not the
+composite containing the Property, so a reporting constraint on the containing Composite will not see it. If you want
+the containing Composite to handle the Constraint Violation, then you need to add a Concern on the Property itself,
+which can be done like this;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public abstract class PhoneNumberParameterViolationConcern extends ConcernOf<HasPhoneNumber>
+ implements HasPhoneNumber
+{
+ @Concerns( CheckViolation.class )
+ public abstract Property<String> phoneNumber();
+
+ private abstract class CheckViolation extends ConcernOf<Property<String>>
+ implements Property<String>
+ {
+ public void set( String number )
+ {
+ try
+ {
+ next.set( number );
+ }
+ catch( ConstraintViolationException e )
+ {
+ Collection<ConstraintViolation> violations = e.constraintViolations();
+ report( violations );
+ }
+ }
+
+ [...snip...]
+
+ private void report( Collection<ConstraintViolation> violations )
+ {
+ }
+ }
+}
+</pre></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="footer"><p>
+ Copyright � 2015 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.
+ <br /><small>
+ Apache Polygene, Polygene, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Polygene project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.<br />
+ All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
+ </small></p></div></body></html>
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http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/polygene-website/blob/ba3a0fac/content/java/develop/howto-create-entity.html
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Create an Entity</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="" /><link rel="up" href="tutorials.html" title="Tutorials" /><link rel="prev" href="howto-create-sideeffect.html" title="Create a SideEffect" /><link rel="next" href="howto-configure-service.html" title="Configure a Service" />
+
+
+<!-- favicon -->
+
+<link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
+<link rel="icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
+
+<!-- style -->
+
+<link href="css/shCore.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shCoreEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shThemeEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushScala.js"></script>
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushPlain.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushXml.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushGroovy.js"></script>
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushCSharp.js"></script>
+
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+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['tab-size'] = 4;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['gutter'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['toolbar'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.all()
+</script>
+
+<!-- JQuery -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Image Scaler -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/imagescaler.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Table Styler -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/tablestyler.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Apache Polygene WebSite Progressive Enhancement -->
+
+<link href="css/progressive-enhancement.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/progressive-enhancement.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Analytics -->
+ <script type="text/javascript">
+ var _gaq = _gaq || [];
+ _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-62007352-1']);
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+
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+ var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
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+ })();
+ </script>
+
+ </head><body><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="logo"><a href="index.html"><img src="images/logo-standard.png" /></a></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="top-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="index.html#home">Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro.html">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="tutorials.html">Tutorials</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="javadocs.html">Javadoc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="samples.html">Samples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="core.html">Core</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="libraries.html">Libraries</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="extensions.html">Extensions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="glossary.ht
ml">Glossary�</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="sub-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tutorials.html#_overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="two-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 2 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ten-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 10 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="thirty-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-assemble-application.html">Assemble an Application</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-composites.html">Transient Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-services.html">Services Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a
href="howto-contextual-fragments.html">Use contextual fragments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-leverage-properties.html">Leverage Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-constraint.html">Create a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-concern.html">Create a Concern</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-sideeffect.html">Create a SideEffect</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="howto-create-entity.html">Create an Entity</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-configure-service.html">Configure a Service</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-invocation-annotation.html">Use @Invocation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="build-system.html">Polygene\u2122 Build System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="community-docs.html">Polygene\u2122 Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sectio
n"><a href="releasing-apache.html">Releasing Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Create an Entity"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="howto-create-entity"></a>Create an Entity</h3></div></div></div><p>One of the most common tasks in Polygene\u2122 is the management of the life cycle of Entities. Since Polygene\u2122 is capable of
+delivering much higher performance than traditional Object-Relational Mapping technologies, we also expect that people
+use Entities more frequently in Polygene\u2122 applications, so it is a very important topic to cover.</p><p>If you want to reproduce what\u2019s explained in this tutorial, remember to depend on the Core Bootstrap artifact:</p><p>Moreover, you\u2019ll need an EntityStore for persistence and an Indexing engine for querying. Choose among the available
+implementations listed in the <a class="xref" href="extensions.html" title="Extensions">Extensions</a> section.</p><p>At runtime you will need the Core Runtime artifact too. See the <a class="xref" href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html" title="Depend on Polygene\u2122">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a> tutorial for details.</p><div class="section" title="Basics First"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_basics_first"></a>Basics First</h4></div></div></div><p>All Entity operations MUST be done within a UnitOfWork. UnitOfWorks can be nested and if underlying UnitOfWorks are not
+completed (method complete()), then none of the operations will be persisted permanently.</p><p>Entity composites are subtypes of the EntityComposite interface.</p><p>Domain code typically don\u2019t need to know of the EntityComposite types directly, and is instead using the domain specific
+interface. The Visibility rules will be applied to associate the right EntityComposite when a domain type is requested.
+Ambiguities are not accepted and will result in runtime exceptions.</p><p>Polygene\u2122 supports that each entity instance can have more than one entity type, and it is managed per instance. This feature
+is beyond the scope of this HowTO and will be covered subsequently.</p></div><div class="section" title="Good Practice"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_good_practice"></a>Good Practice</h4></div></div></div><p>We have made the observation that it is good practice to separate the internal state from the observable behavior. By
+this we mean that it is not a good practice to allow client code to manipulate or even view the internal states of
+objects, which is such a common (bad) practice in the so called POJO world.</p><p>Instead, we recommend that the programmer defines the client requirement of what each participant within the client
+context needs to conform to, and then create composites accordingly and hide all the state internal to the composite in
+private mixins. By doing so, the same entity can participate in multiple contexts with different behavioral requirements
+but using the same internal state.</p><p>We recommend limited use of primitive types for Properties and instead subtype the Property.</p><p>And try to use ValueComposites instead of Entities.</p></div><div class="section" title="The Entity"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_the_entity"></a>The Entity</h4></div></div></div><p>We need an entity to illustrate how we recommend to separate internal state from public behavior and observable state.
+We will for the sake of simplicity use a trivial example. Please refer to other (possibly future) HowTos on patterns on
+Entity management.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface Car
+{
+ @Immutable
+ Association<Manufacturer> manufacturer();
+
+ @Immutable
+ Property<String> model();
+
+ ManyAssociation<Accident> accidents();
+}
+
+</pre><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface Manufacturer
+{
+ Property<String> name();
+ Property<String> country();
+
+ @UseDefaults
+ Property<Long> carsProduced();
+}
+
+</pre><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface Accident
+{
+ Property<String> description();
+ Property<LocalDate> occured();
+ Property<LocalDate> repaired();
+}
+
+</pre><p>Above we define a Car domain object, which is of a particular Manufacturer (also an Entity), a model and a record of
+Accidents.</p><p>We will also need to define the composites for the above domain structure;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface CarEntity extends Car, EntityComposite
+{}
+
+</pre><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface ManufacturerEntity extends Manufacturer, EntityComposite
+{}
+
+</pre><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface AccidentValue extends Accident, ValueComposite
+{}
+
+</pre><p>For this case, we define both the Car and the Manufacturer as Entities, whereas the Accident is a Value, since it is an
+immutable event that can not be modified.</p></div><div class="section" title="Assembly"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_assembly"></a>Assembly</h4></div></div></div><p>All of the above must also be declared in the assembly. We MUST associate the EntityComposites with a relevant Module.
+We must also assemble an EntityStore for the entire application, but that is outside the scope of this HowTo.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class MyAssembler
+ implements Assembler
+{
+ public void assemble( ModuleAssembly module )
+ {
+ module.entities( CarEntity.class,
+ ManufacturerEntity.class );
+
+ module.values( AccidentValue.class );
+ [...snip...]
+
+ }
+}
+</pre><p>We have no other Composites involved yet, so we can proceed to look at the usage code.</p><p>We recommend that the life cycle management of entities is placed inside domain factories, one for each type and made
+available as services.</p></div><div class="section" title="The Entity Factory"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_the_entity_factory"></a>The Entity Factory</h4></div></div></div><p>The entity factory is something you need to write yourself, but as with most things in Polygene\u2122 it will end up being a
+fairly small implementation. So how is that done?</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface CarEntityFactory
+{
+ Car create(Manufacturer manufacturer, String model);
+}
+
+</pre><p>That is just the domain interface. We now need to make the service interface, which Polygene\u2122 needs to identify services and
+make it possible for the service injection later.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Mixins( { CarEntityFactoryMixin.class } )
+public interface CarEntityFactoryService
+ extends CarEntityFactory, ServiceComposite
+{}
+</pre><p>Then we need an implementation of the mixin.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class CarEntityFactoryMixin
+ implements CarEntityFactory
+{
+
+</pre><p>And doing that, first of all we need to request Polygene\u2122 runtime to give us the Module
+that our code belongs to, and the UnitOfWork current context the execution is happening in.</p><p>Injections that are related to the Visibility rules are handled by the @Structure annotation. And the easiest way for us
+to obtain a Module is simply to;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class CarEntityFactoryMixin
+ implements CarEntityFactory
+{
+
+ @Structure
+ UnitOfWorkFactory unitOfWorkFactory;
+
+</pre><p>Here Polygene\u2122 will inject the member module with the correct Module. In case we only need the Module
+during the construction, we can also request it in the same manner as constructor argument.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public CarEntityFactoryMixin( @Structure UnitOfWorkFactory unitOfWorkFactory )
+{
+}
+
+</pre><p>This is important to know, since the injected member will not be available until AFTER the constructor has been
+completed.</p><p>We then need to provide the implementation for the create() method.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public Car create( Manufacturer manufacturer, String model )
+{
+ UnitOfWork uow = unitOfWorkFactory.currentUnitOfWork();
+ EntityBuilder<Car> builder = uow.newEntityBuilder( Car.class );
+
+ Car prototype = builder.instance();
+ prototype.manufacturer().set( manufacturer );
+ prototype.model().set( model );
+
+ return builder.newInstance();
+}
+</pre><p>So far so good. But how about the Manufacturer input into the create() method?</p><p>DDD promotes the use of Repositories. They are the type-safe domain interfaces into locating entities without getting
+bogged down with querying infrastructure details. And one Repository per Entity type, so we keep it nice, tidy and
+re-usable. So let\u2019s create one for the Manufacturer type.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface ManufacturerRepository
+{
+ Manufacturer findByIdentity(Identity identity);
+
+ Manufacturer findByName(String name);
+}
+</pre><p>And then we repeat the process for creating a Service\u2026</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Mixins( ManufacturerRepositoryMixin.class )
+public interface ManufacturerRepositoryService
+ extends ManufacturerRepository, ServiceComposite
+{}
+</pre><p>and a Mixin that implements it\u2026</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class ManufacturerRepositoryMixin
+ implements ManufacturerRepository
+{
+ @Structure
+ private UnitOfWorkFactory uowf;
+
+ @Structure
+ private Module module;
+
+ public Manufacturer findByIdentity( Identity identity )
+ {
+ UnitOfWork uow = uowf.currentUnitOfWork();
+ return uow.get(Manufacturer.class, identity );
+ }
+
+ public Manufacturer findByName( String name )
+ {
+ UnitOfWork uow = uowf.currentUnitOfWork();
+ QueryBuilder<Manufacturer> builder =
+ module.newQueryBuilder( Manufacturer.class );
+
+ Manufacturer template = templateFor( Manufacturer.class );
+ builder.where( eq( template.name(), name ) );
+
+ Query<Manufacturer> query = uow.newQuery( builder);
+ return query.find();
+ }
+}
+
+</pre><p>But now we have introduced 2 services that also are required to be declared in the assembly. In this case, we want the
+Services to be available to the application layer above, and not restricted to within this domain model.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class MyAssembler
+ implements Assembler
+{
+ public void assemble( ModuleAssembly module )
+ {
+ module.entities( CarEntity.class,
+ ManufacturerEntity.class );
+
+ module.values( AccidentValue.class );
+ module.addServices(
+ ManufacturerRepositoryService.class,
+ CarEntityFactoryService.class
+ ).visibleIn( Visibility.application );
+ }
+}
+</pre></div><div class="section" title="The UnitOfWork"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_the_unitofwork"></a>The UnitOfWork</h4></div></div></div><p>If you notice, there is a couple of calls to Module.currentUnitOfWork(), but what is current UnitOfWork, and
+who is setting that up?</p><p>Well, the domain layer should not worry about UoW, it is probably the responsibility of the application/service layer
+sitting on top. That could be a web application creating and completing a UoW per request, or some other co-ordinator
+doing long-running UnitOfWorks.</p><p>There are of course a lot more details to get all this completed, but that is beyond the scope of this HowTo.
+See <a class="xref" href="core-api.html#core-api-unitofwork" title="Unit Of Work">UnitOfWork</a> in Core API.</p></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="footer"><p>
+ Copyright � 2015 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.
+ <br /><small>
+ Apache Polygene, Polygene, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Polygene project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.<br />
+ All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
+ </small></p></div></body></html>
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Create a SideEffect</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="" /><link rel="up" href="tutorials.html" title="Tutorials" /><link rel="prev" href="howto-create-concern.html" title="Create a Concern" /><link rel="next" href="howto-create-entity.html" title="Create an Entity" />
+
+
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+
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+<link rel="icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
+
+<!-- style -->
+
+<link href="css/shCore.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shCoreEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+<link href="css/polygene.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+
+<!-- Syntax Highlighter -->
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushScala.js"></script>
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushBash.js"></script>
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushRuby.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushCSharp.js"></script>
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['tab-size'] = 4;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['gutter'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['toolbar'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.all()
+</script>
+
+<!-- JQuery -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Image Scaler -->
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+
+<!-- Table Styler -->
+
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+
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+
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
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+
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+ <script type="text/javascript">
+ var _gaq = _gaq || [];
+ _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-62007352-1']);
+ _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
+
+ (function() {
+ var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
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+ var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
+ })();
+ </script>
+
+ </head><body><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="logo"><a href="index.html"><img src="images/logo-standard.png" /></a></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="top-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="index.html#home">Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro.html">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="tutorials.html">Tutorials</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="javadocs.html">Javadoc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="samples.html">Samples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="core.html">Core</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="libraries.html">Libraries</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="extensions.html">Extensions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="glossary.ht
ml">Glossary�</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="sub-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tutorials.html#_overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="two-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 2 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ten-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 10 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="thirty-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-assemble-application.html">Assemble an Application</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-composites.html">Transient Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-services.html">Services Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a
href="howto-contextual-fragments.html">Use contextual fragments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-leverage-properties.html">Leverage Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-constraint.html">Create a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-concern.html">Create a Concern</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="howto-create-sideeffect.html">Create a SideEffect</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-entity.html">Create an Entity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-configure-service.html">Configure a Service</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-invocation-annotation.html">Use @Invocation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="build-system.html">Polygene\u2122 Build System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="community-docs.html">Polygene\u2122 Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sectio
n"><a href="releasing-apache.html">Releasing Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Create a SideEffect"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="howto-create-sideeffect"></a>Create a SideEffect</h3></div></div></div><p>SideEffects are defined in <a class="xref" href="glossary.html#def-sideeffect">SideEffect</a>.</p><p>If you want to reproduce what\u2019s explained in this tutorial, remember to depend on the Core Bootstrap artifact:</p><p>At runtime you will need the Core Runtime artifact too. See the <a class="xref" href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html" title="Depend on Polygene\u2122">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a> tutorial for details.</p><div class="section" title="Typed SideEffect"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_typed_sideeffect"></a>Typed SideEffect</h4></div></div></div><p>A typed SideEffect is a Java class that implements the MixinType it can be used on:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public abstra
ct class MailNotifySideEffect extends SideEffectOf<Confirmable>
+ implements Confirmable
+{
+ @Service
+ private MailService mailer;
+
+ @This
+ private HasLineItems hasItems;
+
+ @This
+ private HasCustomer hasCustomer;
+
+ @Override
+ public void confirm()
+ {
+ StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+ builder.append( "An Order has been made.\n\n\n" );
+ builder.append( "Customer:" );
+ builder.append( hasCustomer.name().get() );
+ builder.append( "\n\nItems ordered:\n" );
+ for( LineItem item : hasItems.lineItems().get() )
+ {
+ builder.append( item.name().get() );
+ builder.append( " : " );
+ builder.append( item.quantity().get() );
+ builder.append( "\n" );
+ }
+ mailer.send( "sales@mycompany.com", builder.toString() );
+ }
+}
+</pre><p>The MailNotifySideEffect is implemented as an abstract class, since we are not interested in the many other methods in
+the Confirmable interface. Extending the SideEffectOf is a convenience mechanism, instead of an explicit @SideEffectFor
+annotation on a private field, which can be used in rare occasions when you are not able to extend. This base class
+defines the next field, which is set up by the Polygene\u2122 runtime and points to the next fragment in the call stack. We can
+also see that the MailService, HasLineItems and HasCustomer are provided to the side-effect, which is done with
+dependency injection. Polygene\u2122 also supports dependency injection via constructors and methods.</p><p>It can be used as follows;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@SideEffects( MailNotifySideEffect.class )
+public interface OrderEntity
+ extends Order, HasSequenceNumber, HasCustomer,
+ HasLineItems, Confirmable, EntityComposite
+{
+}
+</pre><p>Methods of the SideEffect Fragment will be called after the Mixin invocation.</p></div><div class="section" title="Generic SideEffect"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_generic_sideeffect"></a>Generic SideEffect</h4></div></div></div><p>A generic SideEffect is a Java class that implements java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler which allows it to be used on any
+arbitrary MixinType.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class MyGenericSideEffect extends GenericSideEffect
+{
+ @Override
+ public Object invoke( Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args )
+ throws Throwable
+ {
+ // Do whatever you need...
+
+ try
+ {
+ // It is possible to obtain the returned values by using 'result' member;
+ Object returnedValue = result.invoke( proxy, method, args );
+ } catch( NumberFormatException e )
+ {
+ // And Exception will be thrown accordingly, in case you need to know.
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException(); // But any thrown exceptions are ignored.
+ }
+ return 23; // Return values will also be ignored.
+ }
+}
+</pre><p>It can be used as follows;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Concerns( MyGenericSideEffect.class )
+public interface AnyMixinType
+{
+ [...snip...]
+
+}
+</pre><p>Methods of the SideEffect Fragment will be called before the Mixin invocation.</p><div class="section" title="AppliesTo"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="_appliesto_2"></a>AppliesTo</h5></div></div></div><p>For generic SideEffects that should only trigger on methods with specific annotations or fulfilling some expression, add
+@AppliesTo annotation to the SideEffect class which points to either triggering annotation(s), or to AppliesToFilter
+implementation(s).</p><p>The SideEffect is invoked if one of the triggering annotations is found or one of the AppliesToFilter accepts the
+invocation. In other words the AppliesTo arguments are OR\u2019ed.</p><p>Here is how the declaration goes ;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@AppliesTo( { MyAnnotation.class, MyAppliesToFilter.class } )
+public class MyGenericSideEffect extends GenericSideEffect
+{
+ [...snip...]
+
+}
+</pre><p>And how to use the annotation ;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Concerns( MyGenericSideEffect.class )
+public interface AnyMixinType
+{
+
+ @MyAnnotation
+ void doSomething();
+
+ void doSomethingElse();
+
+}
+ [...snip...]
+
+</pre><p>Here only the doSomething() method will see the SideEffect applied whereas the doSomethingElse() method won\u2019t.</p><p>Finally here is how to implement an AppliesToFilter:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public class MyAppliesToFilter implements AppliesToFilter
+{
+ public boolean appliesTo( Method method, Class<?> mixin, Class<?> compositeType, Class<?> modifierClass )
+ {
+ boolean appliesTo = evaluate(method); // Do whatever you want
+ return appliesTo;
+ }
+
+ [...snip...]
+
+ private boolean evaluate( Method method )
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+</pre></div></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="footer"><p>
+ Copyright � 2015 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.
+ <br /><small>
+ Apache Polygene, Polygene, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Polygene project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.<br />
+ All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
+ </small></p></div></body></html>
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Depend on Polygene\u2122</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="" /><link rel="up" href="tutorials.html" title="Tutorials" /><link rel="prev" href="thirty-minutes-intro.html" title="Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes" /><link rel="next" href="howto-assemble-application.html" title="Assemble an Application" />
+
+
+<!-- favicon -->
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+
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+
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushCSharp.js"></script>
+
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+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['tab-size'] = 4;
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+ SyntaxHighlighter.all()
+</script>
+
+<!-- JQuery -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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ml">Glossary�</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="sub-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tutorials.html#_overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="two-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 2 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ten-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 10 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="thirty-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html">Depend on Polygene\u2122</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-assemble-application.html">Assemble an Application</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-composites.html">Transient Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-services.html">Services Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span clas
s="section"><a href="howto-contextual-fragments.html">Use contextual fragments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-leverage-properties.html">Leverage Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-constraint.html">Create a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-concern.html">Create a Concern</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-sideeffect.html">Create a SideEffect</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-entity.html">Create an Entity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-configure-service.html">Configure a Service</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-invocation-annotation.html">Use @Invocation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="build-system.html">Polygene\u2122 Build System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="community-docs.html">Polygene\u2122 Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sectio
n"><a href="releasing-apache.html">Releasing Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Depend on Polygene\u2122"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="howto-depend-on-polygene"></a>Depend on Polygene\u2122</h3></div></div></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Some of the <a class="xref" href="libraries.html" title="Libraries">Libraries</a> and <a class="xref" href="extensions.html" title="Extensions">Extensions</a> depend on artifacts that are not deployed in central, you\u2019ll need to
+add other repositories to your build scripts accordingly.</p></div><p>Release artifacts, including sources and javadoc, are deployed to Maven Central:</p><p><a class="ulink" href="http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/" target="_top">http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/</a> (US)</p><p><a class="ulink" href="http://uk.maven.org/maven2/" target="_top">http://uk.maven.org/maven2/</a> (Europe)</p><p>Snapshot artifacts, including sources and javadoc, are built against the <code class="literal">develop</code> branch and deployed weekly to the Apache SNAPSHOTS repository:</p><p><a class="ulink" href="http://repository.apache.org/snapshots/" target="_top">http://repository.apache.org/snapshots/</a></p><div class="section" title="Manually"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_manually"></a>Manually</h4></div></div></div><p>If you don\u2019t rely on your build scripts dependency resolution mechanism you should
+<a class="ulink" href="https://polygene.apache.org/download.html" target="_top">download</a> the SDK distribution.</p></div><div class="section" title="Using Maven"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_using_maven"></a>Using Maven</h4></div></div></div><p>You simply declare dependencies on Polygene\u2122 artifacts:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: xml"><dependencies>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.apache.polygene.core</groupId>
+ <artifactId>org.apache.polygene.core.bootstrap</artifactId>
+ <version>POLYGENE_VERSION</version>
+ </dependency>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.apache.polygene.core</groupId>
+ <artifactId>org.apache.polygene.core.runtime</artifactId>
+ <version>POLYGENE_VERSION</version>
+ <scope>runtime</scope>
+ </dependency>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.apache.polygene.core</groupId>
+ <artifactId>org.apache.polygene.core.testsupport</artifactId>
+ <version>POLYGENE_VERSION</version>
+ <scope>test</scope>
+ </dependency>
+</dependencies></pre><p>Where <code class="literal">POLYGENE_VERSION</code> is the Polygene\u2122 version you want to use.</p><p>If you want to use <code class="literal">-SNAPSHOT</code> versions, you need to register the Apache Snapshots repository:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: xml"><repositories>
+ <repository>
+ <id>apache-snapshots</id>
+ <url>https://repository.apache.org/snapshots/</url>
+ <releases><enabled>false</enabled></releases>
+ <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>
+ </repository>
+</repositories></pre></div><div class="section" title="Using Gradle"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_using_gradle"></a>Using Gradle</h4></div></div></div><p>You simply declare dependencies on Polygene\u2122 artifacts:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: groovy">dependencies {
+ compile "org.apache.polygene.core:org.apache.polygene.core.bootstrap:POLYGENE_VERSION"
+ runtime "org.apache.polygene.core:org.apache.polygene.core.runtime:POLYGENE_VERSION"
+ testCompile "org.apache.polygene.core:org.apache.polygene.core.testsupport:POLYGENE_VERSION"
+}</pre><p>Where <code class="literal">POLYGENE_VERSION</code> is the Polygene\u2122 version you want to use.</p><p>If you want to use <code class="literal">-SNAPSHOT</code> versions, you need to register the Apache Snapshots repository:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: groovy">repositories {
+ maven { name 'apache-snapshots'; url "https://repository.apache.org/snapshots/" }
+}</pre></div><div class="section" title="Using Buildr"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_using_buildr"></a>Using Buildr</h4></div></div></div><p>You simply declare dependencies on Polygene\u2122 artifacts:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: ruby">compile.with 'org.apache.polygene.core:org.apache.polygene.core.bootstrap:POLYGENE_VERSION'
+package(:war).with :libs => 'org.apache.polygene.core:org.apache.polygene.core.runtime:POLYGENE_VERSION'
+test.with 'org.apache.polygene.core:org.apache.polygene.core.testsupport:POLYGENE_VERSION'</pre><p>Where <code class="literal">POLYGENE_VERSION</code> is the Polygene\u2122 version you want to use.</p><p>If you want to use <code class="literal">-SNAPSHOT</code> versions, you need to register the Apache Snapshots repository:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: ruby">repositories.remote << 'https://repository.apache.org/snapshots/'</pre></div><div class="section" title="Using SBT"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_using_sbt"></a>Using SBT</h4></div></div></div><p>You simply declare dependencies on Polygene\u2122 artifacts:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: scala">libraryDependencies += \
+ "org.apache.polygene.core" % "org.apache.polygene.core.bootstrap" % "POLYGENE_VERSION" \
+ withSources() withJavadoc()
+libraryDependencies += \
+ "org.apache.polygene.core" % "org.apache.polygene.core.runtime" % "POLYGENE_VERSION" % "runtime" \
+ withSources() withJavadoc()
+libraryDependencies += \
+ "org.apache.polygene.core" % "org.apache.polygene.core.testsupport" % "POLYGENE_VERSION" % "test" \
+ withSources() withJavadoc()</pre><p>Where <code class="literal">POLYGENE_VERSION</code> is the Polygene\u2122 version you want to use.</p><p>If you want to use <code class="literal">-SNAPSHOT</code> versions, you need to register the Apache Snapshots repository:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: scala">resolvers += "apache-snapshots" at "https://repository.apache.org/snapshots/"</pre></div><div class="section" title="Using Ivy"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_using_ivy"></a>Using Ivy</h4></div></div></div><p>You simply declare dependencies on Polygene\u2122 artifacts:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: xml"><ivy-module>
+ <dependencies>
+ <dependency org="org.apache.polygene.core" name="org.apache.polygene.core.bootstrap"
+ rev="POLYGENE_VERSION" conf="default" />
+ <dependency org="org.apache.polygene.core" name="org.apache.polygene.core.runtime"
+ rev="POLYGENE_VERSION" conf="runtime" />
+ <dependency org="org.apache.polygene.core" name="org.apache.polygene.core.testsupport"
+ rev="POLYGENE_VERSION" conf="test" />
+ </dependencies>
+</ivy-module></pre><p>Where <code class="literal">POLYGENE_VERSION</code> is the Polygene\u2122 version you want to use.</p><p>If you want to use <code class="literal">-SNAPSHOT</code> versions, you need to register the Apache Snapshots repository in a <code class="literal">ivysettings.xml</code> file:</p><pre class="programlisting brush: xml"><ivysettings>
+ <settings defaultResolver="chain"/>
+ <resolvers>
+ <chain name="chain">
+ <ibiblio name="apache-snapshots" m2compatible="true"
+ root="https://repository.apache.org/snapshots/"/>
+ </chain>
+ </resolvers>
+</ivysettings></pre></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="footer"><p>
+ Copyright � 2015 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.
+ <br /><small>
+ Apache Polygene, Polygene, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Polygene project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.<br />
+ All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
+ </small></p></div></body></html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Use @Invocation</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="" /><link rel="up" href="tutorials.html" title="Tutorials" /><link rel="prev" href="howto-configure-service.html" title="Configure a Service" /><link rel="next" href="build-system.html" title="Polygene\u2122 Build System" />
+
+
+<!-- favicon -->
+
+<link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
+<link rel="icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
+
+<!-- style -->
+
+<link href="css/shCore.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shCoreEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shThemeEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/polygene.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+
+<!-- Syntax Highlighter -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shCore.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushJava.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushScala.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushJScript.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushBash.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushPlain.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushXml.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushGroovy.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushPython.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushRuby.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushCSharp.js"></script>
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['tab-size'] = 4;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['gutter'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['toolbar'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.all()
+</script>
+
+<!-- JQuery -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Image Scaler -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/imagescaler.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Table Styler -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/tablestyler.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Apache Polygene WebSite Progressive Enhancement -->
+
+<link href="css/progressive-enhancement.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/progressive-enhancement.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Analytics -->
+ <script type="text/javascript">
+ var _gaq = _gaq || [];
+ _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-62007352-1']);
+ _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
+
+ (function() {
+ var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
+ ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
+ var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
+ })();
+ </script>
+
+ </head><body><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="logo"><a href="index.html"><img src="images/logo-standard.png" /></a></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="top-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="index.html#home">Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro.html">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="tutorials.html">Tutorials</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="javadocs.html">Javadoc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="samples.html">Samples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="core.html">Core</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="libraries.html">Libraries</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="extensions.html">Extensions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="glossary.ht
ml">Glossary�</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="sub-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tutorials.html#_overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="two-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 2 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ten-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 10 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="thirty-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-assemble-application.html">Assemble an Application</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-composites.html">Transient Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-services.html">Services Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a
href="howto-contextual-fragments.html">Use contextual fragments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-leverage-properties.html">Leverage Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-constraint.html">Create a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-concern.html">Create a Concern</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-sideeffect.html">Create a SideEffect</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-entity.html">Create an Entity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-configure-service.html">Configure a Service</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="howto-invocation-annotation.html">Use @Invocation</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="build-system.html">Polygene\u2122 Build System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="community-docs.html">Polygene\u2122 Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sectio
n"><a href="releasing-apache.html">Releasing Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Use @Invocation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="howto-invocation-annotation"></a>Use @Invocation</h3></div></div></div><p>The @Invocation annotation is relatively unknown but can be rather powerful to use, especially when creating
+libraries that needs to be flexible of what the user needs to do.</p><p>@Invocation is a different <code class="literal">InjectionScope</code>, which is a concept to tell Polygene runtime where to look for the
+instances to be injected. Other, more well-known, <code class="literal">InjectionScope</code> annotations are <code class="literal">@This</code>, <code class="literal">@Structure</code> and
+<code class="literal">@Service</code>.</p><p>The <code class="literal">@Invocation</code> injection scope can provide the following types, all related to the on-going method invocation,
+which is especially useful in Generic Concerns or Generic Mixins;</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem">
+<code class="literal">java.lang.reflect.Method</code> - The current method being invoked.
+</li><li class="listitem">
+<code class="literal">java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement</code> - An descriptor for all annotations of the Method.
+</li><li class="listitem">
+<span class="emphasis"><em>Custom Annotations</em></span> - Your own annotation type.
+</li><li class="listitem">
+<code class="literal">java.util.Iterable<Method></code> - An iterable of all declared methods of the composite type.
+</li></ul></div><div class="section" title="java.lang.reflect.Method"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_java_lang_reflect_method"></a>java.lang.reflect.Method</h4></div></div></div><p>This injection will simply provide the <code class="literal">java.lang.reflect.Method</code> of the on-going call. For generic fragments that
+will be the same as the second argument in the <code class="literal">java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler.invoke()</code> method. Sometimes
+it is useful to obtain this for typed fragment as well, to reduce names in Strings.</p></div><div class="section" title="java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_java_lang_reflect_annotatedelement"></a>java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement</h4></div></div></div><p>This Reflection API class encapsulates the annotation aspect of any element that can be annotated. Polygene implements
+this interface for the Composite. That means that annotations for both the method as well as the composite is provided
+through this injection.</p></div><div class="section" title="Custom Annotations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_custom_annotations"></a>Custom Annotations</h4></div></div></div><p>It is often useful to introduce one\u2019s own annotations, especially for libraries, and use these annotations to direct
+the runtime to do different things. Many of the "built-in" features in Polygene is actually done by this mechanism and
+not directly implemented in the Core Runtime.</p><p>First create an annotation of your own liking, it must have <code class="literal">java.lang.annotation.Retention</code> set to <code class="literal">RUNTIME</code></p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Retention( RUNTIME )
+@interface Foo
+{
+ String value();
+}
+</pre><p>After that it is possible to have this annotation placed on composite type methods,</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface MyComposite
+ extends TransientComposite
+{
+ @Foo( "1" )
+ void doStuff();
+</pre><p>and then the annotation can simply be injected into your Concerns or Mixins, like this;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public abstract static class MyConcern
+ extends ConcernOf<MyComposite>
+ implements MyComposite
+{
+ @Invocation
+ Foo foo;
+</pre></div><div class="section" title="java.util.Iterable<Method>"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_java_util_iterable_lt_method_gt"></a>java.util.Iterable<Method></h4></div></div></div><p>This injection will provide all the declared methods of the current composite. This is particularly useful for mixins
+or concerns that builds information about the composite they belong to.</p></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="footer"><p>
+ Copyright � 2015 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.
+ <br /><small>
+ Apache Polygene, Polygene, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Polygene project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.<br />
+ All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
+ </small></p></div></body></html>
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Leverage Properties</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="" /><link rel="up" href="tutorials.html" title="Tutorials" /><link rel="prev" href="howto-contextual-fragments.html" title="Use contextual fragments" /><link rel="next" href="howto-create-constraint.html" title="Create a Constraint" />
+
+
+<!-- favicon -->
+
+<link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
+<link rel="icon" href="http://polygene.apache.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
+
+<!-- style -->
+
+<link href="css/shCore.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shCoreEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/shThemeEclipse.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<link href="css/polygene.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+
+<!-- Syntax Highlighter -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shCore.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushJava.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushScala.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushJScript.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushBash.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushPlain.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushXml.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushGroovy.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushPython.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushRuby.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushCSharp.js"></script>
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['tab-size'] = 4;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['gutter'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.defaults['toolbar'] = false;
+ SyntaxHighlighter.all()
+</script>
+
+<!-- JQuery -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Image Scaler -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/imagescaler.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Table Styler -->
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/tablestyler.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Apache Polygene WebSite Progressive Enhancement -->
+
+<link href="css/progressive-enhancement.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="js/progressive-enhancement.js"></script>
+
+<!-- Analytics -->
+ <script type="text/javascript">
+ var _gaq = _gaq || [];
+ _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-62007352-1']);
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+ </head><body><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="logo"><a href="index.html"><img src="images/logo-standard.png" /></a></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="top-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="index.html#home">Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro.html">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="tutorials.html">Tutorials</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="javadocs.html">Javadoc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="samples.html">Samples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="core.html">Core</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="libraries.html">Libraries</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="extensions.html">Extensions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="glossary.ht
ml">Glossary�</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="sub-nav"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tutorials.html#_overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="two-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 2 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ten-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 10 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="thirty-minutes-intro.html">Polygene\u2122 in 30 minutes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-assemble-application.html">Assemble an Application</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-composites.html">Transient Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tut-services.html">Services Composites Tutorial</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a
href="howto-contextual-fragments.html">Use contextual fragments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><span xmlns="" href="howto-leverage-properties.html">Leverage Properties</span></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-constraint.html">Create a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-concern.html">Create a Concern</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-sideeffect.html">Create a SideEffect</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-create-entity.html">Create an Entity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-configure-service.html">Configure a Service</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="howto-invocation-annotation.html">Use @Invocation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="build-system.html">Polygene\u2122 Build System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="community-docs.html">Polygene\u2122 Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sectio
n"><a href="releasing-apache.html">Releasing Polygene\u2122</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Leverage Properties"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="howto-leverage-properties"></a>Leverage Properties</h3></div></div></div><p>Polygene\u2122 does not follow the JavaBeans standard for property support. Instead, a much more explicit concept is in place. The
+advantages are enormous, and the only real downside is that people are already destroyed, thinking in so called POJO
+terms.</p><p>If you want to reproduce what\u2019s explained in this tutorial, remember to depend on the Core API artifact:</p><p>At runtime you will need the Core Runtime artifact too. See the <a class="xref" href="howto-depend-on-polygene.html" title="Depend on Polygene\u2122">Depend on Polygene\u2122</a> tutorial for details.</p><p>So in Polygene, instead of writing;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface Book
+{
+ String getTitle();
+ String getAuthor();
+}
+</pre><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface MutableBook extends Book
+{
+ void setTitle( String title );
+ void setAuthor( String author );
+}
+</pre><p>where we need the MutableBook to be able to initialize it (known as Type 2 Dependency Injection) on creation. From our
+point of view, this has many flaws. If we refactor the "Title" property, our IDE need to understand the getters and
+setters concept. The good news now is that they all do, but how about meta information about the property itself. For
+instance, how to define a system where a UI can get an Icon for "Author" in a generic way? All kinds of system has been
+added, such as one can create a BookBean for some metadata, and then MBeans for management. Where will it end?</p><p>We think we have a much better solution, and are bold enough to abandon the getters/setters and POJOs. The above looks
+like this;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface Book
+{
+ @Immutable
+ Property<String> title();
+
+ @Immutable
+ Property<String> author();
+}
+</pre><p>There is more to this than meets the eye.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem">
+@Immutable annotation signals that this can\u2019t change.
+</li><li class="listitem">
+Property still have a set() method, which can be used during the initialization only.
+</li><li class="listitem">
+Metadata about each Property can be declared as <a class="xref" href="glossary.html#def-metainfo">MetaInfo</a>.
+</li></ul></div><pre class="programlisting brush: java">@Structure
+Module module;
+ [...snip...]
+
+ TransientBuilder<Book> builder = module.newTransientBuilder( Book.class );
+ Book prototype = builder.prototype();
+ prototype.title().set( "The Death of POJOs" );
+ prototype.author().set( "Niclas Hedhman" );
+ Book book = builder.newInstance();
+ String title = book.title().get(); // Retrieves the title.
+ book.title().set( "Long Live POJOs" ); // throws an IllegalStateException
+</pre><div class="section" title="Persistence"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_persistence"></a>Persistence</h4></div></div></div><p>The Property concept also allows a much better defined persistence model. In Polygene, only Property and Association
+instances are persisted, and that makes the semantics around the persistence system very clear.</p><p>Properties reference values only, and these values must be Serializable, which means that Properties can not contain
+Entities, since Entities are not Serializable. Associations are the opposite, as they must only reference Entities and
+nothing else.</p></div><div class="section" title="MetaInfo"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="_metainfo"></a>MetaInfo</h4></div></div></div><p>Properties can also have typed, custom meta information associated with them. Meta information is declared once per
+Property per Module. A Property is identified by its method name and the interface it is declared in.</p><p>Let\u2019s say we want to create a generic Swing client that can show and navigate the domain model, without knowing the
+actual domain model. Such Swing client will utilize a SwingInfo property info if it is available.</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java">public interface SwingInfo
+{
+ Icon icon( Rectangle size );
+
+ String displayName( Locale locale );
+}
+</pre><p>Our generic Swing UI will be mainly reflective in nature, but when it gets hold of a Property, it can simply do;</p><pre class="programlisting brush: java"> @Structure
+ private PolygeneAPI api;
+ [...snip...]
+
+ private void addProperty( JPanel panel, Property<?> property )
+ {
+ SwingInfo info = api.propertyDescriptorFor( property ).metaInfo( SwingInfo.class );
+ Icon icon = info.icon( SIZE_32_32 );
+ panel.add( new JLabel(info.displayName( this.locale ), icon, JLabel.CENTER) );
+ }
+ [...snip...]
+
+}
+</pre></div></div><div xmlns="" xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common" class="footer"><p>
+ Copyright � 2015 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.
+ <br /><small>
+ Apache Polygene, Polygene, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Polygene project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.<br />
+ All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
+ </small></p></div></body></html>
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+Replaced the plain DocBook XSL admonition icons with Jimmac's DocBook
+icons (http://jimmac.musichall.cz/ikony.php3). I dropped transparency
+from the Jimmac icons to get round MS IE and FOP PNG incompatibilies.
+
+Stuart Rackham
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