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Posted to commits@singa.apache.org by zh...@apache.org on 2023/11/04 05:47:23 UTC

(singa) 01/01: Add implementations for singa model selection

This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

zhaojing pushed a commit to branch singa-ms
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/singa.git

commit f9c6023b7840f874b7cfb68e5a907c14b03bd1f8
Author: zhaojing <zh...@comp.nus.edu.sg>
AuthorDate: Sat Nov 4 12:20:37 2023 +0800

    Add implementations for singa model selection
---
 .../ml/model_selection/exp_result_singa/.gitkeep   |   0
 .../sampled_models_10000_models.json               |   1 +
 .../exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_all.json |   1 +
 .../ml/model_selection/exps/shared_args.py         | 204 ++++++
 .../scripts/nas-bench-tabular/convert_data_format  |  11 +
 .../score_mlp_sp_frappe_batch_size_32_cpu.json     |   1 +
 .../ml/model_selection/src/common/__init__.py      |   9 +
 .../src/controller/sampler_bohb/bohb_or.py         | 285 ++++++++
 .../model_selection/src/dataset_utils/dataset.py   | 181 +++++
 .../src/dataset_utils/h5py_dataset.py              |  40 ++
 .../src/dataset_utils/imagenet16.py                | 137 ++++
 .../src/dataset_utils/save_load_torch.py           |  87 +++
 .../src/dataset_utils/structure_data_loader.py     | 258 +++++++
 .../src/eva_engine/phase1/algo/alg_base.py         | 131 ++++
 .../src/eva_engine/phase1/concurrent_evaluator.py  | 199 ++++++
 .../src/eva_engine/phase1/evaluator.py             | 393 +++++++++++
 .../src/eva_engine/phase1/run_phase1.py            | 145 ++++
 .../src/eva_engine/phase2/evaluator.py             |  82 +++
 .../src/eva_engine/phase2/run_sh.py                | 156 +++++
 .../ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/run_ms.py    | 309 +++++++++
 .../src/search_space/core/rl_policy.py             |   5 +
 .../model_selection/src/search_space/core/space.py | 174 +++++
 .../src/third_pkg/darts_lib/operations.py          | 114 +++
 .../src/third_pkg/darts_lib/utils.py               | 342 +++++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/CifarDenseNet.py          | 117 ++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/CifarResNet.py            | 180 +++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/CifarWideResNet.py        | 115 ++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_MobileNetV2.py   | 117 ++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_ResNet.py        | 217 ++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/SharedUtils.py            |  37 +
 .../src/third_pkg/models/__init__.py               | 335 +++++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/__init__.py   |   5 +
 .../src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/cells.py      | 155 +++++
 .../third_pkg/models/cell_infers/nasnet_cifar.py   | 118 ++++
 .../third_pkg/models/cell_infers/tiny_network.py   |  63 ++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/cell_operations.py        | 553 +++++++++++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/__init__.py  |  33 +
 .../third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/_test_module.py  |  14 +
 .../third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/generic_model.py | 366 ++++++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/genotypes.py | 280 ++++++++
 .../third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_cells.py  | 267 +++++++
 .../models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts.py      | 122 ++++
 .../cell_searchs/search_model_darts_nasnet.py      | 178 +++++
 .../models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas.py       | 114 +++
 .../models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas_utils.py |  74 ++
 .../models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas.py       | 142 ++++
 .../cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_frc_nasnet.py   | 200 ++++++
 .../cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_nasnet.py       | 197 ++++++
 .../models/cell_searchs/search_model_random.py     | 102 +++
 .../models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn.py       | 178 +++++
 .../cell_searchs/search_model_setn_nasnet.py       | 205 ++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/clone_weights.py          |  74 ++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/initialization.py         |  16 +
 .../models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet.py        | 287 ++++++++
 .../models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_depth.py  | 263 +++++++
 .../models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_width.py  | 277 ++++++++
 .../models/shape_infers/InferImagenetResNet.py     | 324 +++++++++
 .../models/shape_infers/InferMobileNetV2.py        | 176 +++++
 .../models/shape_infers/InferTinyCellNet.py        |  65 ++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/__init__.py  |   9 +
 .../third_pkg/models/shape_infers/shared_utils.py  |   5 +
 .../models/shape_searchs/SearchCifarResNet.py      | 760 ++++++++++++++++++++
 .../shape_searchs/SearchCifarResNet_depth.py       | 515 ++++++++++++++
 .../shape_searchs/SearchCifarResNet_width.py       | 619 +++++++++++++++++
 .../models/shape_searchs/SearchImagenetResNet.py   | 766 +++++++++++++++++++++
 .../models/shape_searchs/SearchSimResNet_width.py  | 466 +++++++++++++
 .../third_pkg/models/shape_searchs/SoftSelect.py   | 128 ++++
 .../src/third_pkg/models/shape_searchs/__init__.py |   9 +
 .../shape_searchs/generic_size_tiny_cell_model.py  | 209 ++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/sp101_lib/base_ops.py            |  68 ++
 .../src/third_pkg/sp101_lib/model.py               | 277 ++++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/sp201_lib/__init__.py            |  42 ++
 .../src/third_pkg/sp201_lib/api_201.py             | 274 ++++++++
 .../src/third_pkg/sp201_lib/api_utils.py           | 751 ++++++++++++++++++++
 .../internal/ml/model_slicing/.gitkeep             |   0
 .../internal/pg_extension/.gitignore               |   6 +
 .../pg_extension/sql/pg_extension--0.1.0.sql       | 160 +++++
 77 files changed, 14295 insertions(+)

diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exp_result_singa/.gitkeep b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exp_result_singa/.gitkeep
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_10000_models.json b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_10000_models.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..022c7d1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_10000_models.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"0": "8-8-8-8", "1": "8-8-8-16", "2": "8-8-8-32", "3": "8-8-8-48", "4": "8-8-8-96", "5": "8-8-8-112", "6": "8-8-8-144", "7": "8-8-8-176", "8": "8-8-8-240", "9": "8-8-8-384", "10": "8-8-16-8", "11": "8-8-16-16", "12": "8-8-16-32", "13": "8-8-16-48", "14": "8-8-16-96", "15": "8-8-16-112", "16": "8-8-16-144", "17": "8-8-16-176", "18": "8-8-16-240", "19": "8-8-16-384", "20": "8-8-32-8", "21": "8-8-32-16", "22": "8-8-32-32", "23": "8-8-32-48", "24": "8-8-32-96", "25": "8-8-32-112", "26": "8- [...]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_all.json b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_all.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ef320c9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/nas_bench_tabular/sampled_models_all.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"0": "8-8-8-8", "1": "8-8-8-16", "2": "8-8-8-24", "3": "8-8-8-32", "4": "8-8-8-48", "5": "8-8-8-64", "6": "8-8-8-80", "7": "8-8-8-96", "8": "8-8-8-112", "9": "8-8-8-128", "10": "8-8-8-144", "11": "8-8-8-160", "12": "8-8-8-176", "13": "8-8-8-192", "14": "8-8-8-208", "15": "8-8-8-224", "16": "8-8-8-240", "17": "8-8-8-256", "18": "8-8-8-384", "19": "8-8-8-512", "20": "8-8-16-8", "21": "8-8-16-16", "22": "8-8-16-24", "23": "8-8-16-32", "24": "8-8-16-48", "25": "8-8-16-64", "26": "8-8-16-80" [...]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/shared_args.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/shared_args.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e9fea16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/exps/shared_args.py
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+import argparse
+import os
+import random
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+
+
+def seed_everything(seed=2022):
+    ''' [reference] https://gist.github.com/KirillVladimirov/005ec7f762293d2321385580d3dbe335 '''
+    random.seed(seed)
+    os.environ['PYTHONHASHSEED'] = str(seed)
+    np.random.seed(seed)
+    torch.manual_seed(seed)
+    torch.cuda.manual_seed(seed)
+    torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True
+
+
+def str2bool(v):
+    if isinstance(v, bool):
+        return v
+    if v.lower() in ('yes', 'true', 't', 'y', '1'):
+        return True
+    elif v.lower() in ('no', 'false', 'f', 'n', '0'):
+        return False
+    else:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError('Boolean value expected.')
+
+
+def sampler_args(parser):
+    # define search space,
+    parser.add_argument('--search_space', type=str, default="mlp_sp",
+                        help='[nasbench101, nasbench201, mlp_sp]')
+    # EA sampler's parameters,
+    parser.add_argument('--population_size', type=int, default=10, help="The learning rate for REINFORCE.")
+    parser.add_argument('--sample_size', type=int, default=3, help="The momentum value for EMA.")
+    parser.add_argument('--simple_score_sum', default='True', type=str2bool,
+                        help="Sum multiple TFMEM score or use Global Rank")
+
+
+def space201_101_share_args(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--api_loc', type=str, default="NAS-Bench-201-v1_1-096897.pth",
+                        help='which search space file to use, ['
+                             'nasbench101: nasbench_only108.pkl'
+                             'nasbench201: NAS-Bench-201-v1_1-096897.pth'
+                             ' ... ]')
+
+    parser.add_argument('--init_channels', default=16, type=int, help='output channels of stem convolution')
+    parser.add_argument('--bn', type=int, default=1, help="If use batch norm in network 1 = true, 0 = false")
+
+
+def nb101_args(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--num_stacks', default=3, type=int, help='#stacks of modules')
+    parser.add_argument('--num_modules_per_stack', default=3, type=int, help='# modules per stack')
+
+
+def nb201_args(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--init_w_type', type=str, default='none',
+                        help='weight initialization (before pruning) type [none, xavier, kaiming, zero]')
+    parser.add_argument('--init_b_type', type=str, default='none',
+                        help='bias initialization (before pruning) type [none, xavier, kaiming, zero]')
+    parser.add_argument('--arch_size', type=int, default=1,
+                        help='How many node the architecture has at least')
+
+
+def mlp_args(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--num_layers', default=4, type=int, help='# hidden layers')
+    parser.add_argument('--hidden_choice_len', default=20, type=int, help=
+                        'number of hidden layer choices, 10 for criteo, 20 for others')
+
+
+def mlp_trainner_args(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--epoch', type=int, default=20,
+                        help='number of maximum epochs, '
+                             'frappe: 20, uci_diabetes: 40, criteo: 10'
+                             'nb101: 108, nb201: 200')
+
+    parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=32, help='batch size')
+    parser.add_argument('--lr', type=float, default=0.001, help="learning reate")
+    parser.add_argument('--patience', type=int, default=1, help='number of epochs for stopping training')
+    # parser.add_argument('--eval_freq', type=int, default=10000, help='max number of batches to train per epoch')
+
+    parser.add_argument('--iter_per_epoch', type=int, default=200,
+                        help="None, "
+                             "200 for frappe, uci_diabetes, "
+                             "2000 for criteo")
+
+    # MLP model config
+    parser.add_argument('--nfeat', type=int, default=5500,
+                        help='the number of features, '
+                             'frappe: 5500, '
+                             'uci_diabetes: 369,'
+                             'criteo: 2100000')
+    parser.add_argument('--nfield', type=int, default=10,
+                        help='the number of fields, '
+                             'frappe: 10, '
+                             'uci_diabetes: 43,'
+                             'criteo: 39')
+    parser.add_argument('--nemb', type=int, default=10,
+                        help='embedding size 10')
+
+    # MLP train config
+    parser.add_argument('--report_freq', type=int, default=30, help='report frequency')
+    parser.add_argument('--workers', default=1, type=int, help='data loading workers')
+
+
+def data_set_config(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--base_dir', type=str, default="../exp_data/",
+                        help='path of data and result parent folder')
+    # define search space,
+    parser.add_argument('--dataset', type=str, default='frappe',
+                        help='cifar10, cifar100, ImageNet16-120 '
+                             'frappe, criteo, uci_diabetes')
+
+    parser.add_argument('--num_labels', type=int, default=2,
+                        help='[10, 100, 120],'
+                             '[2, 2, 2]')
+
+
+def seq_train_all_params(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--worker_id', type=int, default=0, help='start from 0')
+    parser.add_argument('--total_workers', type=int, default=120,
+                        help='total number of workers, each train some models')
+    parser.add_argument('--total_models_per_worker', type=int, default=-1, help='How many models to evaluate')
+    parser.add_argument('--pre_partitioned_file',
+                        default="./internal/ml/model_selection/exps/sampled_data/sampled_models_all.json",
+                        type=str, help='all models with id')
+
+
+def dis_train_all_models(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--worker_each_gpu', default=6, type=int, help='num worker each gpu')
+    parser.add_argument('--gpu_num', default=8, type=int, help='num GPus')
+
+
+# tune interval and schedule NK rate such that it can produce a good result
+def tune_interval_NK_rate(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--kn_rate', default=-1, type=int, help="default N/K = 100")
+
+
+def db4nas(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--db_name', default="pg_extension", type=str)
+    parser.add_argument('--db_user', default="postgres", type=str)
+    parser.add_argument('--db_host', default="localhost", type=str)
+    parser.add_argument('--db_port', default=28814, type=int)
+
+
+def anytime_exp_set(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--only_phase1', default='False', type=str2bool)
+    parser.add_argument('--is_simulate', default='True', type=str2bool,
+                        help='Use pre-computed result or run online')
+
+
+def system_performance_exp(parser):
+    parser.add_argument('--models_explore', default=-1, type=int, help='# models to explore in the filtering phase')
+    parser.add_argument('--tfmem', default="express_flow", type=str, help='the matrix t use, all_matrix')
+    parser.add_argument('--embedding_cache_filtering', default='False', type=str2bool,
+                        help='Cache embedding for MLP in filtering phase?')
+    parser.add_argument('--concurrency', default=1, type=int, help='number of worker in filtering phase')
+
+
+def parse_arguments():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='system')
+
+    # job config
+    parser.add_argument('--log_name', type=str, default="main_T_100s")
+    parser.add_argument('--budget', type=int, default=100, help="in second")
+
+    # define base dir, where it stores apis, datasets, logs, etc,
+    parser.add_argument('--device', type=str, default="cpu")
+    parser.add_argument('--local_rank', type=int, default=1, help="local rank")
+
+    parser.add_argument('--log_folder', default="log_debug", type=str)
+
+    parser.add_argument('--result_dir', default="./internal/ml/model_selection/exp_result/", type=str,
+                        help='path to store exp outputs')
+    parser.add_argument('--num_points', default=12, type=int, help='num GPus')
+
+    sampler_args(parser)
+
+    nb101_args(parser)
+    nb201_args(parser)
+    space201_101_share_args(parser)
+
+    mlp_args(parser)
+    data_set_config(parser)
+    mlp_trainner_args(parser)
+    seq_train_all_params(parser)
+    dis_train_all_models(parser)
+
+    tune_interval_NK_rate(parser)
+
+    db4nas(parser)
+    anytime_exp_set(parser)
+
+    system_performance_exp(parser)
+
+    # tmp
+    parser.add_argument('--max_load', type=int, default=-1, help="Max Loading time")
+
+    # refinement server
+    parser.add_argument('--url', type=str, default=-1, help="Max Loading time")
+
+    seed_everything()
+
+    return parser.parse_args()
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/scripts/nas-bench-tabular/convert_data_format b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/scripts/nas-bench-tabular/convert_data_format
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4ee20e54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/scripts/nas-bench-tabular/convert_data_format
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+
+
+
+python src/storage/save_load_torch.py --nfield=39 --dataset=criteo_full
+
+python src/storage/save_load_torch.py --nfield=10 --dataset=frappe
+
+python src/storage/save_load_torch.py --nfield=43 --dataset=uci_diabetes
+
+
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/singa_exp_result_result/score_mlp_sp_frappe_batch_size_32_cpu.json b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/singa_exp_result_result/score_mlp_sp_frappe_batch_size_32_cpu.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20c6d5eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/singa_exp_result_result/score_mlp_sp_frappe_batch_size_32_cpu.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"8-8-8-8": {"synflow": 63.11601734161377}, "8-8-8-16": {"synflow": 49.97195529937744}, "8-8-8-24": {"synflow": 12.703484743833542}, "8-8-8-32": {"synflow": 20.45815622806549}, "8-8-8-48": {"synflow": 73.69489860534668}, "8-8-8-64": {"synflow": 74.26036071777344}, "8-8-8-80": {"synflow": 40.1631133556366}, "8-8-8-96": {"synflow": 5.263346729800105}, "8-8-8-112": {"synflow": 23.08770751953125}, "8-8-8-128": {"synflow": 3.2491158824414015}, "8-8-8-144": {"synflow": 5.015950359404087}, "8-8 [...]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/common/__init__.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/common/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..47a25294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/common/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+
+
+import torch
+
+ENABLE_GPU = False
+
+if torch.cuda.is_available():
+    ENABLE_GPU = False
+
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/controller/sampler_bohb/bohb_or.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/controller/sampler_bohb/bohb_or.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..97266f6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/controller/sampler_bohb/bohb_or.py
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2020 #
+###################################################################
+# BOHB: Robust and Efficient Hyperparameter Optimization at Scale #
+# required to install hpbandster ##################################
+# pip install hpbandster         ##################################
+###################################################################
+# OMP_NUM_THREADS=4 python exps/NATS-algos/bohb.py --search_space tss --dataset cifar10 --num_samples 4 --random_fraction 0.0 --bandwidth_factor 3 --rand_seed 1
+# OMP_NUM_THREADS=4 python exps/NATS-algos/bohb.py --search_space sss --dataset cifar10 --num_samples 4 --random_fraction 0.0 --bandwidth_factor 3 --rand_seed 1
+###################################################################
+import os, sys, time, random, argparse, collections
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+from src.tools.env_tools import prepare_seed
+from src.logger import logger
+
+from models import CellStructure, get_search_spaces
+
+# BOHB: Robust and Efficient Hyperparameter Optimization at Scale, ICML 2018
+import ConfigSpace
+from hpbandster.optimizers.bohb import BOHB
+import hpbandster.core.nameserver as hpns
+from hpbandster.core.worker import Worker
+
+from nats_bench import create
+
+
+def time_string():
+    ISOTIMEFORMAT = "%Y-%m-%d %X"
+    string = "[{:}]".format(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.gmtime(time.time())))
+    return string
+
+
+def get_topology_config_space(search_space, max_nodes=4):
+    cs = ConfigSpace.ConfigurationSpace()
+    # edge2index   = {}
+    for i in range(1, max_nodes):
+        for j in range(i):
+            node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+            cs.add_hyperparameter(
+                ConfigSpace.CategoricalHyperparameter(node_str, search_space)
+            )
+    return cs
+
+
+def get_size_config_space(search_space):
+    cs = ConfigSpace.ConfigurationSpace()
+    for ilayer in range(search_space["numbers"]):
+        node_str = "layer-{:}".format(ilayer)
+        cs.add_hyperparameter(
+            ConfigSpace.CategoricalHyperparameter(node_str, search_space["candidates"])
+        )
+    return cs
+
+
+def config2topology_func(max_nodes=4):
+    def config2structure(config):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                op_name = config[node_str]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return CellStructure(genotypes)
+
+    return config2structure
+
+
+def config2size_func(search_space):
+    def config2structure(config):
+        channels = []
+        for ilayer in range(search_space["numbers"]):
+            node_str = "layer-{:}".format(ilayer)
+            channels.append(str(config[node_str]))
+        return ":".join(channels)
+
+    return config2structure
+
+
+class MyWorker(Worker):
+    def __init__(self, *args, convert_func=None, dataset=None, api=None, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.convert_func = convert_func
+        self._dataset = dataset
+        self._api = api
+        self.total_times = []
+        self.trajectory = []
+
+    def compute(self, config, budget, **kwargs):
+        arch = self.convert_func(config)
+        accuracy, latency, time_cost, total_time = self._api.simulate_train_eval(
+            arch, self._dataset, iepoch=int(budget) - 1, hp="12"
+        )
+        self.trajectory.append((accuracy, arch))
+        self.total_times.append(total_time)
+        return {"loss": 100 - accuracy, "info": self._api.query_index_by_arch(arch)}
+
+
+def main(xargs, api):
+    import torch
+    torch.set_num_threads(4)
+    prepare_seed(xargs.rand_seed)
+
+    logger.info("{:} use api : {:}".format(time_string(), api))
+    api.reset_time()
+    search_space = get_search_spaces(xargs.search_space, "nats-bench")
+    if xargs.search_space == "tss":
+        cs = get_topology_config_space(search_space)
+        config2structure = config2topology_func()
+    else:
+        cs = get_size_config_space(search_space)
+        config2structure = config2size_func(search_space)
+
+    hb_run_id = "0"
+
+    NS = hpns.NameServer(run_id=hb_run_id, host="localhost", port=0)
+    ns_host, ns_port = NS.start()
+    num_workers = 1
+
+    workers = []
+    for i in range(num_workers):
+        w = MyWorker(
+            nameserver=ns_host,
+            nameserver_port=ns_port,
+            convert_func=config2structure,
+            dataset=xargs.dataset,
+            api=api,
+            run_id=hb_run_id,
+            id=i,
+        )
+        w.run(background=True)
+        workers.append(w)
+
+    start_time = time.time()
+    bohb = BOHB(
+        configspace=cs,
+        run_id=hb_run_id,
+        eta=3,
+        min_budget=1,
+        max_budget=12,
+        nameserver=ns_host,
+        nameserver_port=ns_port,
+        num_samples=xargs.num_samples,
+        random_fraction=xargs.random_fraction,
+        bandwidth_factor=xargs.bandwidth_factor,
+        ping_interval=10,
+        min_bandwidth=xargs.min_bandwidth,
+    )
+
+    results = run(xargs.n_iters, min_n_workers=num_workers)
+
+    bohb.shutdown(shutdown_workers=True)
+    NS.shutdown()
+
+    # print('There are {:} runs.'.format(len(results.get_all_runs())))
+    # workers[0].total_times
+    # workers[0].trajectory
+    current_best_index = []
+    for idx in range(len(workers[0].trajectory)):
+        trajectory = workers[0].trajectory[: idx + 1]
+        arch = max(trajectory, key=lambda x: x[0])[1]
+        current_best_index.append(api.query_index_by_arch(arch))
+
+    best_arch = max(workers[0].trajectory, key=lambda x: x[0])[1]
+    logger.log(
+        "Best found configuration: {:} within {:.3f} s".format(
+            best_arch, workers[0].total_times[-1]
+        )
+    )
+    info = api.query_info_str_by_arch(
+        best_arch, "200" if xargs.search_space == "tss" else "90"
+    )
+    logger.log("{:}".format(info))
+    logger.log("-" * 100)
+    logger.close()
+
+    return logger.log_dir, current_best_index, workers[0].total_times
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        "BOHB: Robust and Efficient Hyperparameter Optimization at Scale"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--dataset",
+        default="cifar10",
+        type=str,
+        choices=["cifar10", "cifar100", "ImageNet16-120"],
+        help="Choose between Cifar10/100 and ImageNet-16.",
+    )
+    # general arg
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--search_space",
+        default="tss",
+        type=str,
+        choices=["tss", "sss"],
+        help="Choose the search space.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--time_budget",
+        type=int,
+        default=20000,
+        help="The total time cost budge for searching (in seconds).",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--loops_if_rand", type=int, default=500, help="The total runs for evaluation."
+    )
+    # BOHB
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--strategy",
+        default="sampling",
+        type=str,
+        nargs="?",
+        help="optimization strategy for the acquisition function",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--min_bandwidth",
+        default=0.3,
+        type=float,
+        nargs="?",
+        help="minimum bandwidth for KDE",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--num_samples",
+        default=64,
+        type=int,
+        nargs="?",
+        help="number of samples for the acquisition function",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--random_fraction",
+        default=0.33,
+        type=float,
+        nargs="?",
+        help="fraction of random configurations",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--bandwidth_factor",
+        default=3,
+        type=int,
+        nargs="?",
+        help="factor multiplied to the bandwidth",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--n_iters",
+        default=300,
+        type=int,
+        nargs="?",
+        help="number of iterations for optimization method",
+    )
+    # log
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--save_dir",
+        type=str,
+        default="./output/search",
+        help="Folder to save checkpoints and log.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--rand_seed", type=int, default=-1, help="manual seed")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    api = create(None, args.search_space, fast_mode=False, verbose=False)
+
+    args.save_dir = os.path.join(
+        "{:}-{:}".format(args.save_dir, args.search_space),
+        "{:}-T{:}".format(args.dataset, args.time_budget),
+        "BOHB",
+    )
+    print("save-dir : {:}".format(args.save_dir))
+
+    import torch
+    if args.rand_seed < 0:
+        save_dir, all_info = None, collections.OrderedDict()
+        for i in range(args.loops_if_rand):
+            print("{:} : {:03d}/{:03d}".format(time_string(), i, args.loops_if_rand))
+            args.rand_seed = random.randint(1, 100000)
+            save_dir, all_archs, all_total_times = main(args, api)
+            all_info[i] = {"all_archs": all_archs, "all_total_times": all_total_times}
+        save_path = save_dir / "results.pth"
+        print("save into {:}".format(save_path))
+        torch.save(all_info, save_path)
+    else:
+        main(args, api)
+
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/dataset.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/dataset.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..37d3c8ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/dataset.py
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+
+import torch
+from torch import tensor
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+from torchvision.datasets import MNIST, CIFAR10, CIFAR100, SVHN
+from torchvision.transforms import Compose
+from torchvision import transforms
+from .imagenet16 import *
+
+
+def get_dataloader(train_batch_size: int, test_batch_size: int, dataset: int,
+                  num_workers: int, datadir: str, resize=None) -> (DataLoader, DataLoader, int):
+    """
+    Load CIFAR or imagenet datasets
+    :param train_batch_size:
+    :param test_batch_size:
+    :param dataset: ImageNet16, cifar, svhn, ImageNet1k, mnist
+    :param num_workers:
+    :param datadir:
+    :param resize:
+    :return:
+    """
+
+    class_num = 0
+    mean = []
+    std = []
+    pad = 0
+
+    if 'ImageNet16' in dataset:
+        mean = [x / 255 for x in [122.68, 116.66, 104.01]]
+        std  = [x / 255 for x in [63.22,  61.26 , 65.09]]
+        size, pad = 16, 2
+    elif 'cifar' in dataset:
+        mean = (0.4914, 0.4822, 0.4465)
+        std = (0.2023, 0.1994, 0.2010)
+        size, pad = 32, 4
+    elif 'svhn' in dataset:
+        mean = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
+        std = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
+        size, pad = 32, 0
+    elif dataset == 'ImageNet1k':
+        from .h5py_dataset import H5Dataset
+        size, pad = 224, 2
+        mean = (0.485, 0.456, 0.406)
+        std  = (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)
+        #resize = 256
+
+    if resize is None:
+        resize = size
+
+    train_transform = transforms.Compose([
+        transforms.RandomCrop(size, padding=pad),
+        transforms.Resize(resize),
+        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
+        transforms.ToTensor(),
+        transforms.Normalize(mean, std),
+    ])
+
+    test_transform = transforms.Compose([
+        transforms.Resize(resize),
+        transforms.ToTensor(),
+        transforms.Normalize(mean, std),
+    ])
+
+    if dataset == 'cifar10':
+        class_num = 10
+        train_dataset = CIFAR10(datadir, True, train_transform, download=True)
+        test_dataset = CIFAR10(datadir, False, test_transform, download=True)
+    elif dataset == 'cifar100':
+        class_num = 100
+        train_dataset = CIFAR100(datadir, True, train_transform, download=True)
+        test_dataset = CIFAR100(datadir, False, test_transform, download=True)
+    elif dataset == 'svhn':
+        class_num = 10
+        train_dataset = SVHN(datadir, split='train', transform=train_transform, download=True)
+        test_dataset = SVHN(datadir, split='test', transform=test_transform, download=True)
+    elif dataset == 'ImageNet16-120':
+        class_num = 120
+        train_dataset = ImageNet16(os.path.join(datadir, 'ImageNet16'), True , train_transform, 120)
+        test_dataset  = ImageNet16(os.path.join(datadir, 'ImageNet16'), False, test_transform , 120)
+    elif dataset == 'ImageNet1k':
+        class_num = 120
+        train_dataset = H5Dataset(os.path.join(datadir, 'imagenet-train-256.h5'), transform=train_transform)
+        test_dataset = H5Dataset(os.path.join(datadir, 'imagenet-val-256.h5'),   transform=test_transform)
+    elif dataset == 'mnist':
+        data_transform = Compose([transforms.ToTensor()])
+        # Normalise? transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))
+        train_dataset = MNIST("_dataset", True, data_transform, download=True)
+        test_dataset = MNIST("_dataset", False, data_transform, download=True)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError('There are no more cifars or imagenets.')
+
+    train_loader = DataLoader(
+        train_dataset,
+        train_batch_size,
+        shuffle=True,
+        # num_workers=num_workers,
+        # pin_memory=False
+    )
+    test_loader = DataLoader(
+        test_dataset,
+        test_batch_size,
+        shuffle=False,
+        # num_workers=num_workers,
+        # pin_memory=False
+    )
+
+    print("dataset load done")
+
+    return train_loader, test_loader, class_num
+
+
+def get_mini_batch(dataloader: DataLoader, sample_alg: str, batch_size: int, num_classes: int) -> (tensor, tensor):
+    """
+    Get a mini-batch of data,
+    :param dataloader: DataLoader
+    :param sample_alg: random or grasp
+    :param batch_size: batch_size
+    :param num_classes: num_classes
+    :return: two tensor
+    """
+
+    if sample_alg == 'random':
+        inputs, targets = _get_some_data(dataloader, batch_size=batch_size)
+    elif sample_alg == 'grasp':
+        inputs, targets = _get_some_data_grasp(dataloader, num_classes, samples_per_class=batch_size//num_classes)
+    else:
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'dataload {sample_alg} is not supported')
+
+    return inputs, targets
+
+
+def _get_some_data(train_dataloader: DataLoader, batch_size: int) -> (torch.tensor, torch.tensor):
+    """
+    Randomly sample some data, some class may not be sampled
+    :param train_dataloader: torch dataLoader
+    :param batch_size: batch_size of the data.
+    :return:
+    """
+    traindata = []
+
+    dataloader_iter = iter(train_dataloader)
+    traindata.append(next(dataloader_iter))
+
+    inputs = torch.cat([a for a, _ in traindata])
+    targets = torch.cat([b for _, b in traindata])
+    inputs = inputs
+    targets = targets
+    return inputs, targets
+
+
+def _get_some_data_grasp(train_dataloader: DataLoader, num_classes: int,
+                         samples_per_class: int) -> (torch.tensor, torch.tensor):
+    """
+    Sample some data while guarantee example class has equal number of samples.
+    :param train_dataloader: torch dataLoader
+    :param num_classes: number of class
+    :param samples_per_class:  how many samples for eacl class.
+    :return:
+    """
+
+    datas = [[] for _ in range(num_classes)]
+    labels = [[] for _ in range(num_classes)]
+    mark = dict()
+    dataloader_iter = iter(train_dataloader)
+    while True:
+        inputs, targets = next(dataloader_iter)
+        for idx in range(inputs.shape[0]):
+            x, y = inputs[idx:idx + 1], targets[idx:idx + 1]
+            category = y.item()
+            if len(datas[category]) == samples_per_class:
+                mark[category] = True
+                continue
+            datas[category].append(x)
+            labels[category].append(y)
+        if len(mark) == num_classes:
+            break
+
+    x = torch.cat([torch.cat(_, 0) for _ in datas])
+    y = torch.cat([torch.cat(_) for _ in labels]).view(-1)
+    return x, y
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/h5py_dataset.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/h5py_dataset.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..411e4b76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/h5py_dataset.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import h5py
+import numpy as np
+from PIL import Image
+
+import torch
+from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader
+
+
+class H5Dataset(Dataset):
+    def __init__(self, h5_path, transform=None):
+        self.h5_path = h5_path
+        self.h5_file = None
+        self.length = len(h5py.File(h5_path, 'r'))
+        self.transform = transform
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+
+        # loading in getitem allows us to use multiple processes for data loading
+        # because hdf5 files aren't pickelable so can't transfer them across processes
+        # https://discuss.pytorch.org/t/hdf5-a-data-format-for-pytorch/40379
+        # https://discuss.pytorch.org/t/dataloader-when-num-worker-0-there-is-bug/25643/16
+        # TODO possible look at __getstate__ and __setstate__ as a more elegant solution
+        if self.h5_file is None:
+            self.h5_file = h5py.File(self.h5_path, 'r')
+
+        record = self.h5_file[str(index)]
+
+        if self.transform:
+            x = Image.fromarray(record['data'][()])
+            x = self.transform(x)
+        else:
+            x = torch.from_numpy(record['data'][()])
+
+        y = record['target'][()]
+        y = torch.from_numpy(np.asarray(y))
+
+        return (x, y)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self.length
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/imagenet16.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/imagenet16.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c49428c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/imagenet16.py
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+
+import os, sys, hashlib
+import numpy as np
+from PIL import Image
+import torch.utils.data as data
+
+if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+    import cPickle as pickle
+else:
+    import pickle
+
+
+def calculate_md5(fpath, chunk_size=1024 * 1024):
+    md5 = hashlib.md5()
+    with open(fpath, 'rb') as f:
+        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(chunk_size), b''):
+            md5.update(chunk)
+    return md5.hexdigest()
+
+
+def check_md5(fpath, md5, **kwargs):
+    return md5 == calculate_md5(fpath, **kwargs)
+
+
+def check_integrity(fpath, md5=None):
+    if not os.path.isfile(fpath): return False
+    if md5 is None:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return check_md5(fpath, md5)
+
+
+class ImageNet16(data.Dataset):
+    # http://image-net.org/download-images
+    # A Downsampled Variant of ImageNet as an Alternative to the CIFAR datasets
+    # https://arxiv.org/pdf/1707.08819.pdf
+
+    train_list = [
+        ['train_data_batch_1', '27846dcaa50de8e21a7d1a35f30f0e91'],
+        ['train_data_batch_2', 'c7254a054e0e795c69120a5727050e3f'],
+        ['train_data_batch_3', '4333d3df2e5ffb114b05d2ffc19b1e87'],
+        ['train_data_batch_4', '1620cdf193304f4a92677b695d70d10f'],
+        ['train_data_batch_5', '348b3c2fdbb3940c4e9e834affd3b18d'],
+        ['train_data_batch_6', '6e765307c242a1b3d7d5ef9139b48945'],
+        ['train_data_batch_7', '564926d8cbf8fc4818ba23d2faac7564'],
+        ['train_data_batch_8', 'f4755871f718ccb653440b9dd0ebac66'],
+        ['train_data_batch_9', 'bb6dd660c38c58552125b1a92f86b5d4'],
+        ['train_data_batch_10', '8f03f34ac4b42271a294f91bf480f29b'],
+    ]
+    valid_list = [
+        ['val_data', '3410e3017fdaefba8d5073aaa65e4bd6'],
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self, root, train, transform, use_num_of_class_only=None):
+        self.root = root
+        self.transform = transform
+        self.train = train  # training set or valid set
+        if not self._check_integrity(): raise RuntimeError('Dataset not found or corrupted.')
+
+        if self.train:
+            downloaded_list = self.train_list
+        else:
+            downloaded_list = self.valid_list
+        self.data = []
+        self.targets = []
+
+        # now load the picked numpy arrays
+        for i, (file_name, checksum) in enumerate(downloaded_list):
+            file_path = os.path.join(self.root, file_name)
+            # print ('Load {:}/{:02d}-th : {:}'.format(i, len(downloaded_list), file_path))
+            with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
+                if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+                    entry = pickle.load(f)
+                else:
+                    entry = pickle.load(f, encoding='latin1')
+                self.data.append(entry['data'])
+                self.targets.extend(entry['labels'])
+        self.data = np.vstack(self.data).reshape(-1, 3, 16, 16)
+        self.data = self.data.transpose((0, 2, 3, 1))  # convert to HWC
+        if use_num_of_class_only is not None:
+            assert isinstance(use_num_of_class_only,
+                              int) and use_num_of_class_only > 0 and use_num_of_class_only < 1000, 'invalid use_num_of_class_only : {:}'.format(
+                use_num_of_class_only)
+            new_data, new_targets = [], []
+            for I, L in zip(self.data, self.targets):
+                if 1 <= L <= use_num_of_class_only:
+                    new_data.append(I)
+                    new_targets.append(L)
+            self.data = new_data
+            self.targets = new_targets
+        #    self.mean.append(entry['mean'])
+        # self.mean = np.vstack(self.mean).reshape(-1, 3, 16, 16)
+        # self.mean = np.mean(np.mean(np.mean(self.mean, axis=0), axis=1), axis=1)
+        # print ('Mean : {:}'.format(self.mean))
+        # temp      = self.data - np.reshape(self.mean, (1, 1, 1, 3))
+        # std_data  = np.std(temp, axis=0)
+        # std_data  = np.mean(np.mean(std_data, axis=0), axis=0)
+        # print ('Std  : {:}'.format(std_data))
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        img, target = self.data[index], self.targets[index] - 1
+
+        img = Image.fromarray(img)
+
+        if self.transform is not None:
+            img = self.transform(img)
+
+        return img, target
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.data)
+
+    def _check_integrity(self):
+        root = self.root
+        for fentry in (self.train_list + self.valid_list):
+            filename, md5 = fentry[0], fentry[1]
+            fpath = os.path.join(root, filename)
+            if not check_integrity(fpath, md5):
+                return False
+        return True
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    train = ImageNet16('/data02/dongxuanyi/.torch/cifar.python/ImageNet16', True, None)
+    valid = ImageNet16('/data02/dongxuanyi/.torch/cifar.python/ImageNet16', False, None)
+
+    print(len(train))
+    print(len(valid))
+    image, label = train[111]
+    trainX = ImageNet16('/data02/dongxuanyi/.torch/cifar.python/ImageNet16', True, None, 200)
+    validX = ImageNet16('/data02/dongxuanyi/.torch/cifar.python/ImageNet16', False, None, 200)
+    print(len(trainX))
+    print(len(validX))
+    # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/save_load_torch.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/save_load_torch.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3bad80b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/save_load_torch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import argparse
+
+from tqdm import tqdm
+import torch
+import os
+import glob
+
+
+def decode_libsvm(line):
+    columns = line.split(' ')
+    map_func = lambda pair: (int(pair[0]), float(pair[1]))
+    id, value = zip(*map(lambda col: map_func(col.split(':')), columns[1:]))
+    sample = {'id': torch.LongTensor(id),
+              'value': torch.FloatTensor(value),
+              'y': float(columns[0])}
+    return sample
+
+
+def _save_data(data_dir, fname, nfields, namespace):
+    with open(fname) as f:
+        sample_lines = sum(1 for line in f)
+
+    feat_id = torch.LongTensor(sample_lines, nfields)
+    feat_value = torch.FloatTensor(sample_lines, nfields)
+    y = torch.FloatTensor(sample_lines)
+
+    nsamples = 0
+    with tqdm(total=sample_lines) as pbar:
+        with open(fname) as fp:
+            line = fp.readline()
+            while line:
+                try:
+                    sample = decode_libsvm(line)
+                    feat_id[nsamples] = sample['id']
+                    feat_value[nsamples] = sample['value']
+                    y[nsamples] = sample['y']
+                    nsamples += 1
+                except Exception:
+                    print(f'incorrect data format line "{line}" !')
+                line = fp.readline()
+                pbar.update(1)
+    print(f'# {nsamples} data samples loaded...')
+
+    # save the tensors to disk
+    torch.save(feat_id, f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_id.pt')
+    torch.save(feat_value, f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_value.pt')
+    torch.save(y, f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_y.pt')
+
+
+def parse_arguments():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='FastAutoNAS')
+
+    parser.add_argument('--nfield', type=int, default=10,
+                        help='the number of fields, frappe: 10, uci_diabetes: 43, criteo: 39')
+
+    parser.add_argument('--dataset', type=str, default='frappe',
+                        help='cifar10, cifar100, ImageNet16-120, frappe, criteo, uci_diabetes')
+
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def load_data(data_dir, namespace):
+    feat_id = torch.load(f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_id.pt')
+    feat_value = torch.load(f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_value.pt')
+    y = torch.load(f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_y.pt')
+
+    print(f'# {int(y.shape[0])} data samples loaded...')
+
+    return feat_id, feat_value, y, int(y.shape[0])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    args = parse_arguments()
+
+    _data_dir = os.path.join("../exp_data/data/structure_data", args.dataset)
+
+    train_name_space = "decoded_train"
+    valid_name_space = "decoded_valid"
+    # save
+    train_file = glob.glob("%s/tr*libsvm" % _data_dir)[0]
+    val_file = glob.glob("%s/va*libsvm" % _data_dir)[0]
+    _save_data(_data_dir, train_file, args.nfield, train_name_space)
+    _save_data(_data_dir, val_file, args.nfield, valid_name_space)
+
+    # read
+    # load_data(data_dir, train_name_space)
+    # load_data(data_dir, valid_name_space)
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/structure_data_loader.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/structure_data_loader.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9db306e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/dataset_utils/structure_data_loader.py
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+
+from tqdm import tqdm
+import torch
+from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader, TensorDataset
+import os
+import glob
+import numpy as np
+import sklearn.model_selection
+from scipy.io.arff import loadarff
+
+
+def load_data(data_dir, namespace):
+    print(f'# loading data from '
+          f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_id.pt, '
+          f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_value.pt'
+          f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_y.pt ......')
+
+    feat_id = torch.load(f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_id.pt')
+    feat_value = torch.load(f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_feat_value.pt')
+    y = torch.load(f'{data_dir}/{namespace}_y.pt')
+
+    print(f'# {int(y.shape[0])} data samples loaded...')
+
+    return feat_id, feat_value, y, int(y.shape[0])
+
+
+class LibsvmDatasetReadOnce(Dataset):
+    """ Dataset loader for Libsvm data format """
+
+    def __init__(self, fname):
+        parent_directory = os.path.dirname(fname)
+        if "train" in fname:
+            namespace = "decoded_train"
+        elif "valid" in fname:
+            namespace = "decoded_valid"
+        else:
+            raise
+        self.feat_id, self.feat_value, self.y, self.nsamples = load_data(parent_directory, namespace)
+
+        print(f'# {self.nsamples} data samples loaded...')
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self.nsamples
+
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        return {'id': self.feat_id[idx],
+                'value': self.feat_value[idx],
+                'y': self.y[idx]}
+
+
+class LibsvmDataset(Dataset):
+    """ Dataset loader for Libsvm data format """
+
+    def __init__(self, fname, nfields, max_load=-1):
+
+        def decode_libsvm(line):
+            columns = line.split(' ')
+            map_func = lambda pair: (int(pair[0]), float(pair[1]))
+            id, value = zip(*map(lambda col: map_func(col.split(':')), columns[1:]))
+            sample = {'id': torch.LongTensor(id),
+                      'value': torch.FloatTensor(value),
+                      'y': float(columns[0])}
+            return sample
+
+        with open(fname) as f:
+            sample_lines = sum(1 for line in f)
+
+        self.feat_id = torch.LongTensor(sample_lines, nfields)
+        self.feat_value = torch.FloatTensor(sample_lines, nfields)
+        self.y = torch.FloatTensor(sample_lines)
+
+        self.nsamples = 0
+        with tqdm(total=sample_lines) as pbar:
+            with open(fname) as fp:
+                line = fp.readline()
+                while line:
+                    if max_load > 0 and self.nsamples > max_load:
+                        break
+                    try:
+                        sample = decode_libsvm(line)
+                        self.feat_id[self.nsamples] = sample['id']
+                        self.feat_value[self.nsamples] = sample['value']
+                        self.y[self.nsamples] = sample['y']
+                        self.nsamples += 1
+                    except Exception:
+                        print(f'incorrect data format line "{line}" !')
+                    line = fp.readline()
+                    pbar.update(1)
+        print(f'# {self.nsamples} data samples loaded...')
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self.nsamples
+
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        return {'id': self.feat_id[idx],
+                'value': self.feat_value[idx],
+                'y': self.y[idx]}
+
+
+def libsvm_dataloader(args, data_dir, nfield, batch_size):
+    print("Loading data from ", data_dir)
+    workers = args.workers
+    train_file_name = f"{data_dir}/train.libsvm"
+    valid_file_name = f"{data_dir}/valid.libsvm"
+    test_file_name = f"{data_dir}/test.libsvm"
+    print(f"using train={train_file_name}, valid={valid_file_name}")
+    # read the converted file
+    if args.device == "cpu":
+        train_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDatasetReadOnce(train_file_name),
+                                  batch_size=batch_size,
+                                  shuffle=True)
+        val_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDatasetReadOnce(valid_file_name),
+                                batch_size=batch_size * 8,
+                                shuffle=False)
+
+    else:
+        train_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDatasetReadOnce(train_file_name),
+                                  batch_size=batch_size,
+                                  shuffle=True,
+                                  num_workers=workers,
+                                  pin_memory=False)
+
+        val_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDatasetReadOnce(valid_file_name),
+                                batch_size=batch_size * 8,
+                                shuffle=False,
+                                num_workers=workers,
+                                pin_memory=False)
+
+    return train_loader, val_loader, val_loader
+
+
+def libsvm_dataloader_ori(args):
+    data_dir = args.base_dir + args.dataset
+    print(data_dir)
+    train_file = glob.glob("%s/tr*libsvm" % data_dir)[0]
+    val_file = glob.glob("%s/va*libsvm" % data_dir)[0]
+    test_file = glob.glob("%s/te*libsvm" % data_dir)[0]
+
+    train_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDataset(train_file, args.nfield, args.max_load),
+                              batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=True,
+                              num_workers=args.workers, pin_memory=True)
+    val_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDataset(val_file, args.nfield, args.max_load),
+                            batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=False,
+                            num_workers=args.workers, pin_memory=True)
+    # test_loader = DataLoader(LibsvmDataset(test_file, args.nfield),
+    #                         batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=False,
+    #                         num_workers=args.workers, pin_memory=True)
+
+    return train_loader, val_loader, val_loader
+
+
+class UCILibsvmDataset(Dataset):
+    """ Dataset loader for loading UCI dataset of Libsvm format """
+
+    def __init__(self, X, y):
+        assert X.shape[0] == y.shape[0]
+        self.nsamples, self.nfeat = X.shape
+
+        self.feat_id = torch.LongTensor(self.nsamples, self.nfeat)
+        self.feat_value = torch.FloatTensor(self.nsamples, self.nfeat)
+        self.y = torch.FloatTensor(self.nsamples)
+
+        with tqdm(total=self.nsamples) as pbar:
+            id = torch.LongTensor(range(self.nfeat))
+            for idx in range(self.nsamples):
+                self.feat_id[idx] = id
+                self.feat_value[idx] = torch.FloatTensor(X[idx])
+                self.y[idx] = y[idx]
+
+                pbar.update(1)
+        print(f'Data loader: {self.nsamples} data samples')
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self.nsamples
+
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        return {'id': self.feat_id[idx],
+                'value': self.feat_value[idx],
+                'y': self.y[idx]}
+
+
+def uci_loader(data_dir, batch_size, valid_perc=0., libsvm=False, workers=4):
+    '''
+    :param data_dir:        Path to load the uci dataset
+    :param batch_size:      Batch size
+    :param valid_perc:      valid percentage split from train (default 0, whole train set)
+    :param libsvm:          Libsvm loader of format {'id', 'value', 'y'}
+    :param workers:         the number of subprocesses to load data
+    :return:                train/valid/test loader, train_loader.nclass
+    '''
+
+    def uci_validation_set(X, y, split_perc=0.2):
+        return sklearn.model_selection.train_test_split(
+            X, y, test_size=split_perc, random_state=0)
+
+    def make_loader(X, y, transformer=None, batch_size=64):
+        if transformer is None:
+            transformer = sklearn.preprocessing.StandardScaler()
+            transformer.fit(X)
+        X = transformer.transform(X)
+        if libsvm:
+            return DataLoader(UCILibsvmDataset(X, y),
+                              batch_size=batch_size,
+                              shuffle=transformer is None,
+                              num_workers=workers, pin_memory=True
+                              ), transformer
+        else:
+            return DataLoader(
+                dataset=TensorDataset(*[torch.from_numpy(e) for e in [X, y]]),
+                batch_size=batch_size,
+                shuffle=transformer is None,
+                num_workers=workers, pin_memory=True
+            ), transformer
+
+    def uci_folder_to_name(f):
+        return f.split('/')[-1]
+
+    def line_to_idx(l):
+        return np.array([int(e) for e in l.split()], dtype=np.int32)
+
+    def load_uci_dataset(folder, train=True):
+        full_file = f'{folder}/{uci_folder_to_name(folder)}.arff'
+        if os.path.exists(full_file):
+            data = loadarff(full_file)
+            train_idx, test_idx = [line_to_idx(l) for l in open(f'{folder}/conxuntos.dat').readlines()]
+            assert len(set(train_idx) & set(test_idx)) == 0
+            all_idx = list(train_idx) + list(test_idx)
+            assert len(all_idx) == np.max(all_idx) + 1
+            assert np.min(all_idx) == 0
+            if train:
+                data = (data[0][train_idx], data[1])
+            else:
+                data = (data[0][test_idx], data[1])
+        else:
+            typename = 'train' if train else 'test'
+            filename = f'{folder}/{uci_folder_to_name(folder)}_{typename}.arff'
+            data = loadarff(filename)
+        assert data[1].types() == ['numeric'] * (len(data[1].types()) - 1) + ['nominal']
+        X = np.array(data[0][data[1].names()[:-1]].tolist())
+        y = np.array([int(e) for e in data[0][data[1].names()[-1]]])
+        nclass = len(data[1]['clase'][1])
+        return X.astype(np.float32), y, nclass
+
+    Xtrain, ytrain, nclass = load_uci_dataset(data_dir)
+    if valid_perc > 0:
+        Xtrain, Xvalid, ytrain, yvalid = uci_validation_set(Xtrain, ytrain, split_perc=valid_perc)
+        train_loader, _ = make_loader(Xtrain, ytrain, batch_size=batch_size)
+        valid_loader, _ = make_loader(Xvalid, yvalid, batch_size=batch_size)
+    else:
+        train_loader, _ = make_loader(Xtrain, ytrain, batch_size=batch_size)
+        valid_loader = train_loader
+
+    print(f'{uci_folder_to_name(data_dir)}: {len(ytrain)} training samples loaded.')
+    Xtest, ytest, _ = load_uci_dataset(data_dir, False)
+    test_loader, _ = make_loader(Xtest, ytest, batch_size=batch_size)
+    print(f'{uci_folder_to_name(data_dir)}: {len(ytest)} testing samples loaded.')
+    train_loader.nclass = nclass
+    return train_loader, valid_loader, test_loader
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/algo/alg_base.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/algo/alg_base.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a7d9fe11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/algo/alg_base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+import math
+import time
+from abc import abstractmethod
+import torch
+from torch import nn
+
+
+class Evaluator:
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def evaluate(self, arch: nn.Module,
+                 device: str,
+                 batch_data: object, batch_labels: torch.Tensor,
+                 space_name: str
+                 ) -> float:
+        """
+        Score each architecture with predefined architecture and data
+        :param arch: architecture to be scored
+        :param device:  cpu or gpu
+        :param batch_data: a mini batch of data, [ batch_size, channel, W, H ] or dict for structure data
+        :param batch_labels: a mini batch of labels
+        :param space_name: string
+        :return: score
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def evaluate_wrapper(self, arch, device: str, space_name: str,
+                         batch_data: torch.tensor,
+                         batch_labels: torch.tensor) -> (float, float):
+        """
+        :param arch: architecture to be scored
+        :param device: cpu or GPU
+        :param space_name: search space name
+        :param batch_data: a mini batch of data, [ batch_size, channel, W, H ]
+        :param batch_labels: a mini batch of labels
+        :return: score, timeUsage
+        """
+
+        arch.train()
+        # arch.zero_grad()
+
+        # measure scoring time
+        if "cuda" in device:
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+            # use this will not need cuda.sync
+            # starter, ender = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True), torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
+            # starter.record()
+            starter, ender = time.time(), time.time()
+        else:
+            starter, ender = time.time(), time.time()
+
+        # score
+        score = self.evaluate(arch, device, batch_data, batch_labels, space_name)
+
+        if "cuda" in device:
+            # ender.record()
+            # implicitly waits for the event to be marked as complete before calculating the time difference
+            # curr_time = starter.elapsed_time(ender)
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+            ender = time.time()
+            curr_time = ender - starter
+        else:
+            ender = time.time()
+            curr_time = ender - starter
+
+        if math.isnan(score):
+            if score > 0:
+                score = 1e8
+            else:
+                score = -1e8
+        if math.isinf(score):
+            if score > 0:
+                score = 1e8
+            else:
+                score = -1e8
+
+        return score, curr_time
+    
+    def evaluate_wrapper_origin(self, arch, device: str, space_name: str,
+                         batch_data: torch.tensor,
+                         batch_labels: torch.tensor) -> (float, float):
+        """
+        :param arch: architecture to be scored
+        :param device: cpu or GPU
+        :param space_name: search space name
+        :param batch_data: a mini batch of data, [ batch_size, channel, W, H ]
+        :param batch_labels: a mini batch of labels
+        :return: score, timeUsage
+        """
+
+        arch.train()
+        arch.zero_grad()
+
+        # measure scoring time
+        if "cuda" in device:
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+            # use this will not need cuda.sync
+            # starter, ender = torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True), torch.cuda.Event(enable_timing=True)
+            # starter.record()
+            starter, ender = time.time(), time.time()
+        else:
+            starter, ender = time.time(), time.time()
+
+        # score
+        score = self.evaluate(arch, device, batch_data, batch_labels, space_name)
+
+        if "cuda" in device:
+            # ender.record()
+            # implicitly waits for the event to be marked as complete before calculating the time difference
+            # curr_time = starter.elapsed_time(ender)
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+            ender = time.time()
+            curr_time = ender - starter
+        else:
+            ender = time.time()
+            curr_time = ender - starter
+
+        if math.isnan(score):
+            if score > 0:
+                score = 1e8
+            else:
+                score = -1e8
+        if math.isinf(score):
+            if score > 0:
+                score = 1e8
+            else:
+                score = -1e8
+
+        return score, curr_time
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/concurrent_evaluator.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/concurrent_evaluator.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c346a8ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/concurrent_evaluator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+# this is for checking the flops and params
+try:
+    from thop import profile
+except:
+    pass
+from src.common.constant import Config, CommonVars
+from src.common.structure import ModelAcquireData
+from src.eva_engine import evaluator_register
+from src.query_api.interface import SimulateScore
+from src.dataset_utils import dataset
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+import torch
+import time
+from torch import nn
+from src.search_space.core.space import SpaceWrapper
+from multiprocessing import Manager
+import gc
+
+
+class ConcurrentP1Evaluator:
+
+    def __init__(self, device: str, num_label: int, dataset_name: str,
+                 search_space_ins: SpaceWrapper,
+                 train_loader: DataLoader, is_simulate: bool, metrics: str = CommonVars.ExpressFlow,
+                 enable_cache: bool = False):
+        """
+        :param device:
+        :param num_label:
+        :param dataset_name:
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        :param train_loader:
+        :param is_simulate:
+        :param metrics: which TFMEM to use?
+        :param enable_cache: if cache embedding for scoring? only used on structued data
+        """
+        self.metrics = metrics
+        self.is_simulate = is_simulate
+
+        self.dataset_name = dataset_name
+
+        self.search_space_ins = search_space_ins
+
+        self.device = device
+        self.num_labels = num_label
+
+        self.score_getter = None
+
+        # get one mini batch
+        if not self.is_simulate:
+            if self.dataset_name in [Config.c10, Config.c100, Config.imgNet]:
+                # for img data
+                self.mini_batch, self.mini_batch_targets = dataset.get_mini_batch(
+                    dataloader=train_loader,
+                    sample_alg="random",
+                    batch_size=32,
+                    num_classes=self.num_labels)
+                self.mini_batch.to(self.device)
+                self.mini_batch_targets.to(self.device)
+            elif self.dataset_name in [Config.Criteo, Config.Frappe, Config.UCIDataset]:
+                # this is structure data
+                batch = iter(train_loader).__next__()
+                target = batch['y'].type(torch.LongTensor).to(self.device)
+                batch['id'] = batch['id'].to(self.device)
+                batch['value'] = batch['value'].to(self.device)
+                self.mini_batch = batch
+                self.mini_batch_targets = target.to(self.device)
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError
+
+            print("GC the large train data loader")
+            del train_loader
+            # Force garbage collection
+            gc.collect()
+
+        self.time_usage = {
+            "latency": 0.0,
+            "io_latency": 0.0,
+            "compute_latency": 0.0,
+            "track_compute": [],  # compute time
+            "track_io_model_init": [],  # init model weight
+            "track_io_model_load": [],  # load into GPU/CPU
+            "track_io_model_release_each_50": [],  # context switch
+            "track_io_data": [],  # context switch
+        }
+
+        # this is to do the expeirment
+        self.enable_cache = enable_cache
+        if self.enable_cache:
+            # todo: warmup for concurrent usage. this is only test for MLP with embedding.
+            new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting("8-8-8-8", bn=False)
+            new_model.init_embedding()
+            # shared embedding
+            manager = Manager()
+            self.model_cache = manager.dict()
+            self.model_cache["model"] = new_model.embedding
+            self.get_cache_data = self._get_cache_data_enabled
+            self.set_cache_data = self._set_cache_data_enabled
+        else:
+            # this is the baseline, independently run
+            self.get_cache_data = self._get_cache_data_disabled
+            self.set_cache_data = self._set_cache_data_disabled
+
+    def _get_cache_data_enabled(self):
+        return self.model_cache["model"]
+
+    def _set_cache_data_enabled(self, data):
+        self.model_cache["model"] = data
+
+    def _get_cache_data_disabled(self):
+        return None
+
+    def _set_cache_data_disabled(self, data):
+        pass
+
+    def if_cuda_avaiable(self):
+        if "cuda" in self.device:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def p1_evaluate(self, data_str: str) -> dict:
+        """
+        :param data_str: encoded ModelAcquireData
+        :return:
+        """
+
+        model_acquire = ModelAcquireData.deserialize(data_str)
+        return self._p1_evaluate_online(model_acquire)
+
+    def _p1_evaluate_online(self, model_acquire: ModelAcquireData) -> dict:
+
+        model_encoding = model_acquire.model_encoding
+
+        # score using only one metrics
+        if self.metrics == CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW or self.metrics == CommonVars.ExpressFlow:
+            bn = False
+        else:
+            bn = True
+
+        # measure model load time
+        begin = time.time()
+        new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(model_encoding, bn=bn)
+
+        # mlp have embedding layer, which can be cached, optimization!
+        if self.search_space_ins.name == Config.MLPSP:
+            if self.enable_cache:
+                new_model.init_embedding(self.get_cache_data())
+                if self.get_cache_data() is None:
+                    self.set_cache_data(new_model.embedding.to(self.device))
+            else:
+                new_model.init_embedding()
+
+        self.time_usage["track_io_model_init"].append(time.time() - begin)
+
+        begin = time.time()
+        new_model = new_model.to(self.device)
+        if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+        self.time_usage["track_io_model_load"].append(time.time() - begin)
+
+        # measure data load time
+        begin = time.time()
+        mini_batch = self.data_pre_processing(self.metrics, new_model)
+        self.time_usage["track_io_data"].append(time.time() - begin)
+
+        _score, curr_time = evaluator_register[self.metrics].evaluate_wrapper(
+            arch=new_model,
+            device=self.device,
+            space_name=self.search_space_ins.name,
+            batch_data=mini_batch,
+            batch_labels=self.mini_batch_targets)
+
+        self.time_usage["track_compute"].append(curr_time)
+
+        del new_model
+        model_score = {self.metrics: _score}
+        return model_score
+
+    def data_pre_processing(self, metrics: str, new_model: nn.Module):
+        """
+        To measure the io/compute time more acccuretely, we pick the data pre_processing here.
+        """
+
+        # for those two metrics, we use all one embedding for efficiency (as in their paper)
+        if metrics in [CommonVars.ExpressFlow, CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW]:
+            if isinstance(self.mini_batch, torch.Tensor):
+                feature_dim = list(self.mini_batch[0, :].shape)
+                # add one dimension to feature dim, [1] + [3, 32, 32] = [1, 3, 32, 32]
+                mini_batch = torch.ones([1] + feature_dim).float().to(self.device)
+            else:
+                # this is for the tabular data,
+                mini_batch = new_model.generate_all_ones_embedding().float().to(self.device)
+        else:
+            mini_batch = self.mini_batch
+
+        if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+        return mini_batch
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/evaluator.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/evaluator.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..30e1e244
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/evaluator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+# this is for checking the flops and params
+try:
+    from thop import profile
+except:
+    pass
+from src.common.constant import Config, CommonVars
+from src.common.structure import ModelAcquireData
+from src.eva_engine import evaluator_register
+from src.query_api.interface import SimulateScore
+from src.dataset_utils import dataset
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+import torch
+import time
+from torch import nn
+from src.search_space.core.space import SpaceWrapper
+import psycopg2
+from typing import Any, List, Dict, Tuple
+from src.logger import logger
+
+
+class P1Evaluator:
+
+    def __init__(self, device: str, num_label: int, dataset_name: str,
+                 search_space_ins: SpaceWrapper,
+                 train_loader: DataLoader, is_simulate: bool, metrics: str = CommonVars.ExpressFlow,
+                 enable_cache: bool = False, db_config: Dict = None,
+                 data_retrievel: str = "sql"):
+        """
+        :param device:
+        :param num_label:
+        :param dataset_name:
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        :param train_loader:
+        :param is_simulate:
+        :param metrics: which TFMEM to use?
+        :param enable_cache: if cache embedding for scoring? only used on structued data
+        :param db_config: how to connect to databaes
+        :param data_retrievel: sql or spi
+        """
+        self.metrics = metrics
+        self.is_simulate = is_simulate
+        # used only is_simulate = True
+        self.score_getter = None
+
+        # dataset settings
+        self.dataset_name = dataset_name
+        self.train_loader = train_loader
+        self.num_labels = num_label
+
+        self.search_space_ins = search_space_ins
+
+        self.device = device
+
+        # this is to do the expeirment
+        self.enable_cache = enable_cache
+        self.model_cache = None
+
+        # performance records
+        self.time_usage = {
+            "latency": 0.0,
+            "io_latency": 0.0,
+            "compute_latency": 0.0,
+
+            "track_compute": [],  # compute time
+            "track_io_model_init": [],  # init model weight
+            "track_io_model_load": [],  # load model into GPU/CPU
+            "track_io_res_load": [],  # load result into GPU/CPU
+            "track_io_model_release_each_50": [],  # context switch
+            "track_io_model_release": [],  # context switch
+            "track_io_data_retrievel": [],  # context switch
+            "track_io_data_preprocess": [],  # context switch
+        }
+
+        self.db_config = db_config
+        self.last_id = -1
+        self.data_retrievel = data_retrievel
+
+    def if_cuda_avaiable(self):
+        if "cuda" in self.device:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def p1_evaluate(self, data_str: str) -> dict:
+        """
+        :param data_str: encoded ModelAcquireData
+        :return:
+        """
+
+        model_acquire = ModelAcquireData.deserialize(data_str)
+
+        if self.is_simulate:
+            if self.metrics == "jacflow":
+                return self._p1_evaluate_simu_jacflow(model_acquire)
+            else:
+                return self._p1_evaluate_simu(model_acquire)
+        else:
+            return self._p1_evaluate_online(model_acquire)
+
+    def measure_model_flops(self, data_str: str, batch_size: int, channel_size: int):
+        # todo: check the package
+        mini_batch, mini_batch_targets, _ = self.retrievel_data(None)
+        model_acquire = ModelAcquireData.deserialize(data_str)
+        model_encoding = model_acquire.model_encoding
+        new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(model_encoding, bn=True)
+        if self.search_space_ins.name == Config.MLPSP:
+            new_model.init_embedding(requires_grad=True)
+        new_model = new_model.to(self.device)
+        flops, params = profile(new_model, inputs=(mini_batch,))
+        print('FLOPs = ' + str(flops / 1000 ** 3) + 'G')
+        print('Params = ' + str(params / 1000 ** 2) + 'M')
+
+    # # 1. Score NasWot
+    # new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(model_encoding, bn=True)
+    # new_model = new_model.to(self.device)
+    # naswot_score, _ = evaluator_register[CommonVars.NAS_WOT].evaluate_wrapper(
+    #     arch=new_model,
+    #     device=self.device,
+    #     space_name = self.search_space_ins.name,
+    #     batch_data=self.mini_batch,
+    #     batch_labels=self.mini_batch_targets)
+    #
+    # # 2. Score SynFlow
+    # new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(model_encoding, bn=False)
+    # new_model = new_model.to(self.device)
+    # synflow_score, _ = evaluator_register[CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW].evaluate_wrapper(
+    #     arch=new_model,
+    #     device=self.device,
+    #     space_name = self.search_space_ins.name,
+    #     batch_data=self.mini_batch,
+    #     batch_labels=self.mini_batch_targets)
+    #
+    # # 3. combine the result and return
+    # model_score = {CommonVars.NAS_WOT: naswot_score,
+    #                CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW: synflow_score}
+
+    def _p1_evaluate_online(self, model_acquire: ModelAcquireData) -> dict:
+
+        model_encoding = model_acquire.model_encoding
+
+        # 1. Get a batch of data
+        mini_batch, mini_batch_targets, data_load_time_usage, data_pre_process_time = self.retrievel_data(model_acquire)
+        self.time_usage["track_io_data_retrievel"].append(data_load_time_usage)
+
+        # 2. Score all tfmem
+        if self.metrics == CommonVars.ALL_EVALUATOR:
+            model_score = {}
+            for alg, score_evaluator in evaluator_register.items():
+                if alg == CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW or alg == CommonVars.ExpressFlow:
+                    bn = False
+                else:
+                    bn = True
+                new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(model_encoding, bn=bn)
+                if self.search_space_ins.name == Config.MLPSP:
+                    new_model.init_embedding()
+                new_model = new_model.to(self.device)
+
+                mini_batch = self.data_pre_processing(mini_batch, self.metrics, new_model)
+
+                _score, _ = score_evaluator.evaluate_wrapper(
+                    arch=new_model,
+                    device=self.device,
+                    space_name=self.search_space_ins.name,
+                    batch_data=mini_batch,
+                    batch_labels=mini_batch_targets)
+
+                _score = _score.item()
+                model_score[alg] = abs(_score)
+
+                # clear the cache
+                if "cuda" in self.device:
+                    torch.cuda.empty_cache()
+
+        # 2. score using only one metrics
+        else:
+            if self.metrics == CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW or self.metrics == CommonVars.ExpressFlow:
+                bn = False
+            else:
+                bn = True
+            # measure model load time
+            begin = time.time()
+            new_model = self.search_space_ins.new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(model_encoding, bn=bn)
+
+            # mlp have embedding layer, which can be cached, optimization!
+            # if self.search_space_ins.name == Config.MLPSP:
+            #     if self.enable_cache:
+            #         new_model.init_embedding(self.model_cache)
+            #         if self.model_cache is None:
+            #             self.model_cache = new_model.embedding.to(self.device)
+            #     else:
+            #         # init embedding every time created a new model
+            #         new_model.init_embedding()
+
+            self.time_usage["track_io_model_init"].append(time.time() - begin)
+
+            if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+                begin = time.time()
+                new_model = new_model.to(self.device)
+                torch.cuda.synchronize()
+                self.time_usage["track_io_model_load"].append(time.time() - begin)
+            else:
+                self.time_usage["track_io_model_load"].append(0)
+
+            # measure data load time
+            begin = time.time()
+            mini_batch = self.data_pre_processing(mini_batch, self.metrics, new_model)
+            self.time_usage["track_io_data_preprocess"].append(data_pre_process_time + time.time() - begin)
+
+            _score, compute_time = evaluator_register[self.metrics].evaluate_wrapper(
+                arch=new_model,
+                device=self.device,
+                space_name=self.search_space_ins.name,
+                batch_data=mini_batch,
+                batch_labels=mini_batch_targets)
+
+            self.time_usage["track_compute"].append(compute_time)
+
+            if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+                begin = time.time()
+                _score = _score.item()
+                torch.cuda.synchronize()
+                self.time_usage["track_io_res_load"].append(time.time() - begin)
+
+            else:
+                _score = _score.item()
+                self.time_usage["track_io_res_load"].append(0)
+
+            model_score = {self.metrics: abs(_score)}
+            del new_model
+        return model_score
+
+    def _p1_evaluate_simu_jacflow(self, model_acquire: ModelAcquireData) -> dict:
+        """
+        This involves get rank, and get jacflow
+        """
+        if self.score_getter is None:
+            self.score_getter = SimulateScore(space_name=self.search_space_ins.name,
+                                              dataset_name=self.dataset_name)
+
+        model_score = self.score_getter.query_tfmem_rank_score(arch_id=model_acquire.model_id)
+
+        return model_score
+
+    def _p1_evaluate_simu(self, model_acquire: ModelAcquireData) -> dict:
+        """
+        This involves simulate get alls core,
+        """
+        if self.score_getter is None:
+            self.score_getter = SimulateScore(space_name=self.search_space_ins.name,
+                                              dataset_name=self.dataset_name)
+
+        score = self.score_getter.query_all_tfmem_score(arch_id=model_acquire.model_id)
+        model_score = {self.metrics: abs(score[self.metrics])}
+        return model_score
+
+    def retrievel_data(self, model_acquire):
+        if not self.is_simulate:
+            if self.dataset_name in [Config.c10, Config.c100, Config.imgNet]:
+                if self.train_loader is None:
+                    raise f"self.train_loader is None for {self.dataset_name}"
+                # for img data
+                begin = time.time()
+                mini_batch, mini_batch_targets = dataset.get_mini_batch(
+                    dataloader=self.train_loader,
+                    sample_alg="random",
+                    batch_size=32,
+                    num_classes=self.num_labels)
+                mini_batch.to(self.device)
+                mini_batch_targets.to(self.device)
+                # wait for moving data to GPU
+                if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+                    torch.cuda.synchronize()
+                time_usage = time.time() - begin
+                # todo: here is inaccurate
+                return mini_batch, mini_batch_targets, time_usage, 0
+            elif self.dataset_name in [Config.Criteo, Config.Frappe, Config.UCIDataset]:
+                if self.train_loader is None:
+                    if self.data_retrievel == "sql":
+                        batch, time_usage = self._retrievel_from_db_sql()
+                        data_tensor, y_tensor, process_time = self.batch_data_pre_processing(batch)
+                        return data_tensor, y_tensor, time_usage, process_time
+                    elif self.data_retrievel == "spi":
+                        batch, time_usage = self._retrievel_from_db_spi(model_acquire)
+                        data_tensor, y_tensor, process_time = self.batch_data_pre_processing(batch)
+                        return data_tensor, y_tensor, time_usage, process_time
+                else:
+                    # this is structure data
+                    begin = time.time()
+                    batch = iter(self.train_loader).__next__()
+                    target = batch['y'].type(torch.LongTensor).to(self.device)
+                    batch['id'] = batch['id'].to(self.device)
+                    batch['value'] = batch['value'].to(self.device)
+
+                    # wait for moving data to GPU
+                    if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+                        torch.cuda.synchronize()
+                    time_usage = time.time() - begin
+                    return batch, target, time_usage, 0
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _retrievel_from_db_sql(self):
+
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        with psycopg2.connect(database=self.db_config["db_name"],
+                              user=self.db_config["db_user"],
+                              host=self.db_config["db_host"],
+                              port=self.db_config["db_port"]) as conn:
+            # fetch and preprocess data from PostgreSQL
+            cur = conn.cursor()
+
+            cur.execute(f"SELECT * FROM {self.dataset_name}_train WHERE id > {self.last_id} LIMIT 32")
+            rows = cur.fetchall()
+
+            if rows:
+                # Update last_id with max id of fetched rows
+                self.last_id = max(row[0] for row in rows)  # assuming 'id' is at index 0
+            else:
+                # If no more new rows, reset last_id to start over scan and return 'end_position'
+                self.last_id = -1
+
+            # block until a free slot is available
+        time_usage = time.time() - begin_time
+        return rows, time_usage
+
+    def _retrievel_from_db_spi(self, model_acquire):
+        batch = model_acquire.spi_mini_batch
+        time_usage = model_acquire.spi_seconds
+        return batch, time_usage
+
+    def data_pre_processing(self, mini_batch, metrics: str, new_model: nn.Module):
+
+        # for those two metrics, we use all one embedding for efficiency (as in their paper)
+        if metrics in [CommonVars.ExpressFlow, CommonVars.PRUNE_SYNFLOW]:
+            if isinstance(mini_batch, torch.Tensor):
+                feature_dim = list(mini_batch[0, :].shape)
+                # add one dimension to feature dim, [1] + [3, 32, 32] = [1, 3, 32, 32]
+                mini_batch = torch.ones([1] + feature_dim).float().to(self.device)
+            else:
+                # this is for the tabular data,
+                mini_batch = new_model.generate_all_ones_embedding().float().to(self.device)
+        else:
+            # for others, skip preprocessing
+            pass
+
+        # wait for moving data to GPU
+        if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+        return mini_batch
+
+    def batch_data_pre_processing(self, queryed_rows: List[Tuple]):
+        """
+        mini_batch_data: [('0', '0', '123:123', '123:123', '123:123',)
+        """
+
+        def decode_libsvm(columns):
+            map_func = lambda pair: (int(pair[0]), float(pair[1]))
+            # 0 is id, 1 is label
+            id, value = zip(*map(lambda col: map_func(col.split(':')), columns[2:]))
+            sample = {'id': list(id),
+                      'value': list(value),
+                      'y': int(columns[1])}
+            return sample
+
+        def pre_processing(mini_batch_data: List[Tuple]):
+            """
+            mini_batch_data: [('0', '0', '123:123', '123:123', '123:123',)
+            """
+            sample_lines = len(mini_batch_data)
+            feat_id = []
+            feat_value = []
+            y = []
+
+            for i in range(sample_lines):
+                row_value = mini_batch_data[i]
+                sample = decode_libsvm(list(row_value))
+                feat_id.append(sample['id'])
+                feat_value.append(sample['value'])
+                y.append(sample['y'])
+            return {'id': feat_id, 'value': feat_value, 'y': y}
+
+        begin = time.time()
+        batch = pre_processing(queryed_rows)
+        id_tensor = torch.FloatTensor(batch['id']).to(self.device)
+        value_tensor = torch.FloatTensor(batch['value']).to(self.device)
+        y_tensor = torch.LongTensor(batch['y']).to(self.device)
+        data_tensor = {'id': id_tensor, 'value': value_tensor, 'y': y_tensor}
+        # wait for moving data to GPU
+        if self.if_cuda_avaiable():
+            torch.cuda.synchronize()
+        duration = time.time() - begin
+        return data_tensor, y_tensor, duration
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/run_phase1.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/run_phase1.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8389c72a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase1/run_phase1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import json
+
+from src.common.structure import ModelAcquireData, ModelEvaData
+from src.controller.controler import SampleController
+from src.controller.sampler_all.seq_sampler import SequenceSampler
+
+from src.eva_engine.phase1.evaluator import P1Evaluator
+from src.logger import logger
+from src.query_api.img_explore_ea import fetch_from_db
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+from src.controller.sampler_ea.regularized_ea import RegularizedEASampler
+from src.search_space.core.space import SpaceWrapper
+
+
+# this is for image only
+def p1_evaluate_query(space_name, dataset, run_id, N, K) -> (list, float):
+    """
+    :param space_name:
+    :param dataset:
+    :param run_id:
+    :param N:
+    :param K:
+    :return: return list of models and time usage.
+    """
+    arch_id, candidates, current_time = fetch_from_db(space_name, dataset, run_id, N)
+    return candidates[-K:], current_time
+
+
+class RunPhase1:
+
+    def __init__(self, args, K: int, N: int, search_space_ins: SpaceWrapper,
+                 train_loader: DataLoader = None, is_simulate: bool = False):
+        """
+        Each model selection job will init one class here.
+        :param args: space, population_size, sample_size
+        :param K: K models return in 1st phase
+        :param N: N models eval in total
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        """
+
+        # return K models
+        self.K = K
+        # explore N models
+        self.N = N
+
+        self.args = args
+
+        self.search_space_ins = search_space_ins
+
+        # seq: init the search strategy and controller,
+        if self.N >= len(self.search_space_ins):
+            print("Explore all models")
+            strategy = SequenceSampler(self.search_space_ins)
+        else:
+            strategy = RegularizedEASampler(self.search_space_ins,
+                                            population_size=self.args.population_size,
+                                            sample_size=self.args.sample_size)
+        self.sampler = SampleController(strategy)
+
+        # generate db config
+        db_config = {
+            "db_name": self.args.db_name,
+            "db_user": self.args.db_user,
+            "db_host": self.args.db_host,
+            "db_port": self.args.db_port,
+        }
+
+        # seq: init the phase 1 evaluator,
+        self._evaluator = P1Evaluator(device=self.args.device,
+                                      num_label=self.args.num_labels,
+                                      dataset_name=self.args.dataset,
+                                      search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+                                      train_loader=train_loader,
+                                      is_simulate=is_simulate,
+                                      metrics=self.args.tfmem,
+                                      db_config=db_config)
+
+    def run_phase1(self) -> (list, list, list, list):
+        """
+        Controller explore n models, and return the top K models.
+        :return:
+        """
+
+        # those two are used to track performance trace
+        # current best model id
+        trace_highest_scored_models_id = []
+        # current highest score
+        trace_highest_score = []
+        explored_n = 1
+        model_eva = ModelEvaData()
+
+        while explored_n <= self.N:
+            # generate new model
+            arch_id, arch_micro = self.sampler.sample_next_arch()
+            # this is for sequence sampler.
+            if arch_id is None:
+                break
+            model_encoding = self.search_space_ins.serialize_model_encoding(arch_micro)
+
+            explored_n += 1
+
+            # run the model selection
+            model_acquire_data = ModelAcquireData(model_id=str(arch_id),
+                                                  model_encoding=model_encoding,
+                                                  is_last=False)
+            data_str = model_acquire_data.serialize_model()
+
+            # update the shared model eval res
+            try:
+                model_eva.model_id = str(arch_id)
+                model_eva.model_score = self._evaluator.p1_evaluate(data_str)
+            except KeyError:
+                # when it is simulate, it could be keyerror
+                continue
+
+            if explored_n % 100 == 0:
+                logger.info("3. [trails] Phase 1: filter phase explored " + str(explored_n) +
+                            " model, model_id = " + model_eva.model_id +
+                            " model_scores = " + json.dumps(model_eva.model_score))
+            print("3. [trails] Phase 1: filter phase explored " + str(explored_n) +
+                            " model, model_id = " + model_eva.model_id +
+                            " model_scores = " + json.dumps(model_eva.model_score))
+
+            ranked_score = self.sampler.fit_sampler(model_eva.model_id,
+                                                    model_eva.model_score,
+                                                    simple_score_sum=self.args.simple_score_sum)
+
+            # this is to measure the value of metrix, sum of two value.
+            if len(trace_highest_score) == 0:
+                trace_highest_score.append(ranked_score)
+                trace_highest_scored_models_id.append(str(arch_id))
+            else:
+                if ranked_score > trace_highest_score[-1]:
+                    trace_highest_score.append(ranked_score)
+                    trace_highest_scored_models_id.append(str(arch_id))
+                else:
+                    trace_highest_score.append(trace_highest_score[-1])
+                    trace_highest_scored_models_id.append(trace_highest_scored_models_id[-1])
+
+        logger.info("3. [trails] Phase 1: filter phase explored " + str(explored_n) +
+                    " model, model_id = " + model_eva.model_id +
+                    " model_scores = " + json.dumps(model_eva.model_score))
+        # return the top K models
+        return self.sampler.get_current_top_k_models(self.K), self.sampler.get_current_top_k_models(-1), \
+               trace_highest_score, trace_highest_scored_models_id
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase2/evaluator.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase2/evaluator.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d304d787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase2/evaluator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+from src.common.constant import Config
+from src.eva_engine.phase2.algo.trainer import ModelTrainer
+from src.logger import logger
+from src.query_api.interface import SimulateTrain
+from src.search_space.core.space import SpaceWrapper
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+
+
+class P2Evaluator:
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 search_space_ins: SpaceWrapper,
+                 dataset: str,
+                 is_simulate: bool = True,
+                 train_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                 val_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                 args=None):
+        """
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        :param dataset:
+        :param is_simulate: train or not, default query from API.
+        """
+        self.search_space_ins = search_space_ins
+
+        # dataset name
+        self.dataset = dataset
+        self.is_simulate = is_simulate
+        self.acc_getter = None
+
+        # for training only
+        self.train_loader = train_loader
+        self.val_loader = val_loader
+        self.args = args
+
+    def p2_evaluate(self, cand: str, epoch_per_model: int) -> (float, float):
+        """
+        :param cand: candidate id
+        :param epoch_per_model: epoch for each model
+        :return:
+        """
+        # if it's simulate or it's image dataset
+        if self.is_simulate or self.search_space_ins.name in [Config.NB101, Config.NB201]:
+            return self._evaluate_query(cand, epoch_per_model)
+        else:
+            return self._evaluate_train(cand, epoch_per_model)
+
+    def _evaluate_query(self, cand: str, epoch_per_model: int) -> (float, float):
+        """
+        :param cand: the candidate to evaluate
+        :param epoch_per_model: how many resource it can use, epoch number
+        :return:
+        """
+        if self.acc_getter is None:
+            self.acc_getter = SimulateTrain(space_name=self.search_space_ins.name)
+
+        acc, time_usage = self.acc_getter.get_ground_truth(arch_id=cand, epoch_num=epoch_per_model, dataset=self.dataset)
+
+        return acc, time_usage
+
+    def _evaluate_train(self, cand: str, epoch_per_model: int) -> (float, float):
+        """
+        :param cand: the candidate to evaluate
+        :param epoch_per_model: how many resource it can use, epoch number
+        :return:
+        """
+        model = self.search_space_ins.new_architecture(cand)
+        if self.search_space_ins.name == Config.MLPSP:
+            model.init_embedding(cached_embedding=None, requires_grad=True)
+        model.to(self.args.device)
+        valid_auc, total_run_time, train_log = ModelTrainer.fully_train_arch(
+           model=model,
+           use_test_acc=False,
+           epoch_num=epoch_per_model,
+           train_loader=self.train_loader,
+           val_loader=self.val_loader,
+           test_loader=self.val_loader,
+           args=self.args)
+
+        logger.info(f' ----- model id: {cand}, Val_AUC : {valid_auc} Total running time: '
+                    f'{total_run_time}-----')
+
+        return valid_auc, total_run_time
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase2/run_sh.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase2/run_sh.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ef038737
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/phase2/run_sh.py
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+from copy import copy
+
+from src.common.constant import Config
+from src.eva_engine.phase2.evaluator import P2Evaluator
+
+# successive halving
+from src.logger import logger
+from src.search_space.core.space import SpaceWrapper
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+
+
+class BudgetAwareControllerSH:
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def pre_calculate_epoch_required(eta: int, max_unit_per_model: int, K: int, U: int):
+        if K == 1:
+            return 0
+
+        cur_cand_num = K
+        cur_epoch = min(U, max_unit_per_model)  # Limit the current epoch to max_unit_per_model
+        total_epochs = 0
+
+        while cur_cand_num > 1 and cur_epoch < max_unit_per_model:
+            total_epochs += cur_cand_num * cur_epoch
+            # Prune models
+            cur_cand_num = int(cur_cand_num * (1 / eta))
+            # Increase the training epoch for the remaining models
+            cur_epoch = min(cur_epoch * eta, max_unit_per_model)
+
+        # If the models are fully trained and there is more than one candidate, add these final evaluations to the total
+        if cur_cand_num > 1 and cur_epoch >= max_unit_per_model:
+            total_epochs += cur_cand_num * max_unit_per_model
+
+        return total_epochs
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 search_space_ins: SpaceWrapper, dataset_name: str,
+                 eta, time_per_epoch,
+                 train_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                 val_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                 args=None,
+                 is_simulate: bool = True):
+        """
+        :param search_space_ins:
+        :param dataset_name:
+        :param time_per_epoch:
+        :param is_simulate:
+        :param eta: 1/mu to keep in each iteration
+        """
+        self.is_simulate = is_simulate
+        self._evaluator = P2Evaluator(search_space_ins, dataset_name,
+                                      is_simulate=is_simulate,
+                                      train_loader=train_loader, val_loader=val_loader,
+                                      args=args)
+        self.eta = eta
+        self.max_unit_per_model = args.epoch
+        self.time_per_epoch = time_per_epoch
+        self.name = "SUCCHALF"
+
+    def schedule_budget_per_model_based_on_T(self, space_name, fixed_time_budget, K_):
+        # for benchmarking only phase 2
+
+        # try different K and U combinations
+        # only consider 15625 arches in this paper
+        # min_budget_required: when K = 1, N = min_budget_required * 1
+        if space_name == Config.NB101:
+            U_options = [4, 12, 16, 108]
+        else:
+            U_options = list(range(1, 200))
+
+        history = []
+
+        for U in U_options:
+            real_time_used = \
+                BudgetAwareControllerSH.pre_calculate_epoch_required(
+                    self.eta, self.max_unit_per_model, K_, U) * self.time_per_epoch
+
+            if real_time_used > fixed_time_budget:
+                break
+            else:
+                history.append(U)
+        if len(history) == 0:
+            raise f"{fixed_time_budget} is too small for current config"
+        return history[-1]
+
+    def pre_calculate_time_required(self, K, U):
+        all_epoch = BudgetAwareControllerSH.pre_calculate_epoch_required(self.eta, self.max_unit_per_model, K, U)
+        return all_epoch, all_epoch * self.time_per_epoch
+
+    def run_phase2(self, U: int, candidates_m: list) -> (str, float, float):
+        if len(candidates_m) == 1:
+            best_perform, _ = self._evaluator.p2_evaluate(candidates_m[0], self.max_unit_per_model)
+            return candidates_m[0], best_perform, 0
+
+        eta = self.eta
+        max_unit_per_model = self.max_unit_per_model
+
+        cur_cand_num = len(candidates_m)
+        cur_epoch = min(U, max_unit_per_model)  # Limit the current epoch to max_unit_per_model
+        total_epochs = 0
+
+        while cur_cand_num > 1 and cur_epoch < max_unit_per_model:
+            logger.info(f"4. [trails] Running phase2: train {len(candidates_m)} models each with {cur_epoch} epochs")
+            scores = []
+            # Evaluate all models
+            for cand in candidates_m:
+                score, _ = self._evaluator.p2_evaluate(cand, cur_epoch)
+                scores.append((score, cand))
+                total_epochs += cur_epoch
+
+            # Sort models based on score
+            scores.sort(reverse=True, key=lambda x: x[0])
+
+            # Prune models, at lease keep one model
+            cur_cand_num = max(int(cur_cand_num * (1 / eta)), 1)
+            candidates_m = [x[1] for x in scores[:cur_cand_num]]
+
+            # Increase the training epoch for the remaining models
+            cur_epoch = min(cur_epoch * eta, max_unit_per_model)
+
+        # If the models are fully trained and there is more than one candidate, select the top one
+        if cur_cand_num > 1 and cur_epoch >= max_unit_per_model:
+            logger.info(
+                f"4. [trails] Running phase2: train {len(candidates_m)} models each with {max_unit_per_model} epochs")
+            scores = []
+            for cand in candidates_m:
+                score, _ = self._evaluator.p2_evaluate(cand, max_unit_per_model)
+                scores.append((score, cand))
+                total_epochs += cur_epoch
+            scores.sort(reverse=True, key=lambda x: x[0])
+            candidates_m = [scores[0][1]]
+
+        # only return the performance when simulating, skip the training, just return model
+        if self.is_simulate:
+            logger.info(
+                f"5. [trails] Phase2 Done, Select {candidates_m[0]}, "
+                f"simulate={self.is_simulate}. Acqure the ground truth")
+            best_perform, _ = self._evaluator.p2_evaluate(candidates_m[0], self.max_unit_per_model)
+        else:
+            logger.info(
+                f"5. [trails] Phase2 Done, Select {candidates_m[0]}, "
+                f"simulate={self.is_simulate}, Skip training")
+            best_perform = 0
+        # Return the best model and the total epochs used
+        return candidates_m[0], best_perform, total_epochs
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    'frappe: 20, uci_diabetes: 40, criteo: 10'
+    'nb101: 108, nb201: 200'
+    k_options = [1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
+    u_options = [1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
+    print(f"k={10}, u={8}, total_epoch = {BudgetAwareControllerSH.pre_calculate_epoch_required(3, 20, 10, 8)}")
+    for k in k_options:
+        for u in u_options:
+            print(f"k={k}, u={u}, total_epoch = {BudgetAwareControllerSH.pre_calculate_epoch_required(3, 20, k, u)}")
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/run_ms.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/run_ms.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9e1d08e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/eva_engine/run_ms.py
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+import time
+
+from typing import Set, List
+
+from src.eva_engine import coordinator
+from src.eva_engine.phase1.run_phase1 import RunPhase1, p1_evaluate_query
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+from src.eva_engine.phase2.run_sh import BudgetAwareControllerSH
+from src.logger import logger
+from src.search_space.init_search_space import init_search_space
+from src.query_api.interface import profile_NK_trade_off
+
+
+class RunModelSelection:
+
+    def __init__(self, search_space_name: str, args, is_simulate: bool = False):
+        self.args = args
+
+        self.eta = 3
+        self.is_simulate = is_simulate
+        # basic
+        self.search_space_name = search_space_name
+        self.dataset = self.args.dataset
+
+        # p2 evaluator
+        self.sh = None
+
+        # instance of the search space.
+        self.search_space_ins = init_search_space(self.args)
+
+    def select_model_simulate(self, budget: float, run_id: int = 0, only_phase1: bool = False, run_workers: int = 1):
+        """
+        This is for image data only
+        """
+
+        # 0. profiling dataset and search space, get t1 and t2
+
+        score_time_per_model, train_time_per_epoch, N_K_ratio = self.search_space_ins.profiling(self.dataset)
+        self.sh = BudgetAwareControllerSH(
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            dataset_name=self.dataset,
+            eta=self.eta,
+            time_per_epoch=train_time_per_epoch,
+            args=self.args,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+
+        # 1. run coordinator to schedule
+        K, U, N, B1_planed_time, B2_planed_time, B2_all_epoch = coordinator.schedule(self.dataset, self.sh, budget,
+                                                                                     score_time_per_model,
+                                                                                     train_time_per_epoch,
+                                                                                     run_workers,
+                                                                                     self.search_space_ins,
+                                                                                     N_K_ratio,
+                                                                                     only_phase1)
+
+        print(f"Budget = {budget}, N={N}, K={K}")
+
+        # 2. run phase 1 to score N models
+        k_models, B1_actual_time_use = p1_evaluate_query(self.search_space_name, self.dataset, run_id, N, K)
+
+        # 3. run phase-2 to determine the final model
+        best_arch, best_arch_performance, B2_actual_epoch_use = self.sh.run_phase2(U, k_models)
+        # print("best model returned from Phase2 = ", k_models)
+
+        return best_arch, B1_actual_time_use + B2_actual_epoch_use * train_time_per_epoch, \
+               B1_planed_time + B2_planed_time, B2_all_epoch
+
+    def select_model_online_clean(self, budget: float, data_loader: List[DataLoader],
+                                  only_phase1: bool = False, run_workers: int = 1):
+        """
+        Select model online for structured data.
+        :param budget:  time budget
+        :param data_loader:  time budget
+        :param only_phase1:
+        :param run_workers:
+        :return:
+        """
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        score_time_per_model = self.profile_filtering(data_loader)
+        train_time_per_epoch = self.profile_refinement(data_loader)
+        K, U, N = self.coordination(budget, score_time_per_model, train_time_per_epoch, only_phase1)
+        k_models, all_models, p1_trace_highest_score, p1_trace_highest_scored_models_id = self.filtering_phase(
+            N, K, train_loader=data_loader[0])
+        best_arch, best_arch_performance, _ = self.refinement_phase(
+            U, k_models, data_loader[0], data_loader[1])
+
+        end_time = time.time()
+        real_time_usage = end_time - begin_time
+
+        return best_arch, best_arch_performance, real_time_usage, all_models, \
+               p1_trace_highest_score, p1_trace_highest_scored_models_id
+
+    def select_model_online(self, budget: float, data_loader: List[DataLoader],
+                            only_phase1: bool = False, run_workers: int = 1):
+        """
+        Select model online for structured data.
+        :param budget:  time budget
+        :param data_loader:  time budget
+        :param only_phase1:
+        :param run_workers:
+        :return:
+        """
+
+        train_loader, valid_loader, test_loader = data_loader
+
+        logger.info(f"0. [trails] Begin model selection, is_simulate={self.is_simulate} ... ")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+
+        logger.info("1. [trails] Begin profiling.")
+        # 0. profiling dataset and search space, get t1 and t2
+        score_time_per_model, train_time_per_epoch, N_K_ratio = self.search_space_ins.profiling(
+            self.dataset,
+            train_loader,
+            valid_loader,
+            self.args,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+
+        self.sh = BudgetAwareControllerSH(
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            dataset_name=self.dataset,
+            eta=self.eta,
+            time_per_epoch=train_time_per_epoch,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate,
+            train_loader=train_loader,
+            val_loader=valid_loader,
+            args=self.args)
+
+        # 1. run coordinator to schedule
+        logger.info("2. [trails] Begin scheduling...")
+        K, U, N, B1_planed_time, B2_planed_time, B2_all_epoch = coordinator.schedule(self.dataset, self.sh, budget,
+                                                                                     score_time_per_model,
+                                                                                     train_time_per_epoch,
+                                                                                     run_workers,
+                                                                                     self.search_space_ins,
+                                                                                     N_K_ratio,
+                                                                                     only_phase1)
+
+        print(f"Budget = {budget}, N={N}, K={K}")
+
+        # 2. run phase 1 to score N models
+        logger.info("3. [trails] Begin to run phase1: filter phase")
+        # lazy loading the search space if needed.
+
+        # run phase-1 to get the K models.
+        p1_runner = RunPhase1(
+            args=self.args,
+            K=K, N=N,
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            train_loader=train_loader,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+
+        k_models, all_models, p1_trace_highest_score, p1_trace_highest_scored_models_id \
+            = p1_runner.run_phase1()
+
+        logger.info("4. [trails] Begin to run phase2: refinement phase")
+
+        # 3. run phase-2 to determine the final model
+        best_arch, best_arch_performance, B2_actual_epoch_use = self.sh.run_phase2(U, k_models)
+        # print("best model returned from Phase2 = ", k_models)
+        end_time = time.time()
+        real_time_usage = end_time - begin_time
+        planned_time_usage = B1_planed_time + B2_planed_time
+        logger.info("5.  [trails] Real time Usage = " + str(real_time_usage)
+                    + ", Final selected model = " + str(best_arch)
+                    + ", planned time usage = " + str(planned_time_usage)
+                    )
+        # best arch returned,
+        # time usage, epoch trained,
+        # p1 ea trace
+        return best_arch, best_arch_performance, \
+               real_time_usage, planned_time_usage, B2_all_epoch, \
+               all_models, p1_trace_highest_score, p1_trace_highest_scored_models_id
+
+    def schedule_only(self, budget: float, data_loader: List[DataLoader],
+                      only_phase1: bool = False, run_workers: int = 1):
+        """
+        Select model online
+        :param budget:  time budget
+        :param data_loader:  time budget
+        :param only_phase1:
+        :param run_workers:
+        :return:
+        """
+
+        train_loader, valid_loader, test_loader = data_loader
+        self.search_space_ins.load()
+
+        logger.info("0. [trails] Begin model selection ... ")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+
+        logger.info("1. [trails] Begin profiling.")
+        # 0. profiling dataset and search space, get t1 and t2
+        score_time_per_model, train_time_per_epoch, N_K_ratio = self.search_space_ins.profiling(
+            self.dataset,
+            train_loader,
+            valid_loader,
+            self.args,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+
+        self.sh = BudgetAwareControllerSH(
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            dataset_name=self.dataset,
+            eta=self.eta,
+            time_per_epoch=train_time_per_epoch,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate,
+            train_loader=train_loader,
+            val_loader=valid_loader,
+            args=self.args)
+
+        # 1. run coordinator to schedule
+        logger.info("2. [trails] Begin scheduling...")
+        K, U, N, B1_planed_time, B2_planed_time, B2_all_epoch = coordinator.schedule(self.dataset, self.sh, budget,
+                                                                                     score_time_per_model,
+                                                                                     train_time_per_epoch,
+                                                                                     run_workers,
+                                                                                     self.search_space_ins,
+                                                                                     N_K_ratio,
+                                                                                     only_phase1)
+
+        return N
+
+    #############################################
+    # to support in-database model selection
+    #############################################
+
+    def profile_filtering(self, data_loader: List[DataLoader] = [None, None, None]):
+        logger.info("0. [trails] Begin profile_filtering...")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        train_loader, valid_loader, test_loader = data_loader
+        score_time_per_model = self.search_space_ins.profiling_score_time(
+            self.dataset,
+            train_loader,
+            valid_loader,
+            self.args,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+        logger.info(f"0. [trails] profile_filtering Done, time_usage = {time.time() - begin_time}")
+        return score_time_per_model
+
+    def profile_refinement(self, data_loader: List[DataLoader] = [None, None, None]):
+        logger.info("0. [trails] Begin profile_refinement...")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        train_loader, valid_loader, test_loader = data_loader
+        train_time_per_epoch = self.search_space_ins.profiling_train_time(
+            self.dataset,
+            train_loader,
+            valid_loader,
+            self.args,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+        logger.info(f"0. [trails] profile_refinement Done, time_usage = {time.time() - begin_time}")
+        return train_time_per_epoch
+
+    def coordination(self, budget: float, score_time_per_model: float, train_time_per_epoch: float, only_phase1: bool):
+        logger.info("1. [trails] Begin coordination...")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        sh = BudgetAwareControllerSH(
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            dataset_name=self.dataset,
+            eta=self.eta,
+            time_per_epoch=train_time_per_epoch,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate,
+            train_loader=None,
+            val_loader=None,
+            args=self.args)
+        n_k_ratio = profile_NK_trade_off(self.dataset)
+        K, U, N, B1_planed_time, B2_planed_time, B2_all_epoch = coordinator.schedule(
+            self.dataset, sh, budget,
+            score_time_per_model,
+            train_time_per_epoch,
+            1,
+            self.search_space_ins,
+            n_k_ratio,
+            only_phase1)
+
+        logger.info(f"1. [trails] Coordination Done, time_usage = {time.time() - begin_time}")
+        return K, U, N
+
+    def filtering_phase(self, N, K, train_loader=None):
+        logger.info("2. [trails] Begin filtering_phase...")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        p1_runner = RunPhase1(
+            args=self.args,
+            K=K, N=N,
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            train_loader=train_loader,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate)
+
+        k_models, all_models, p1_trace_highest_score, p1_trace_highest_scored_models_id \
+            = p1_runner.run_phase1()
+        logger.info(f"2. [trails] filtering_phase Done, time_usage = {time.time() - begin_time}")
+        print(f"2. [trails] filtering_phase Done, time_usage = {time.time() - begin_time}")
+        return k_models, all_models, p1_trace_highest_score, p1_trace_highest_scored_models_id
+
+    def refinement_phase(self, U, k_models, train_loader=None, valid_loader=None, train_time_per_epoch=None):
+        logger.info("3. [trails] Begin refinement...")
+        begin_time = time.time()
+        self.sh = BudgetAwareControllerSH(
+            search_space_ins=self.search_space_ins,
+            dataset_name=self.dataset,
+            eta=self.eta,
+            time_per_epoch=train_time_per_epoch,
+            is_simulate=self.is_simulate,
+            train_loader=train_loader,
+            val_loader=valid_loader,
+            args=self.args)
+        best_arch, best_arch_performance, B2_actual_epoch_use = self.sh.run_phase2(U, k_models)
+        logger.info(
+            f"3. [trails] refinement phase Done, time_usage = {time.time() - begin_time}, "
+            f"epoches_used = {B2_actual_epoch_use}")
+        return best_arch, best_arch_performance, B2_actual_epoch_use
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/search_space/core/rl_policy.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/search_space/core/rl_policy.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3b21fb60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/search_space/core/rl_policy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+
+class RLPolicyBase(nn.Module):
+    pass
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/search_space/core/space.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/search_space/core/space.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9a7ba828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/search_space/core/space.py
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import Generator
+
+from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
+from src.search_space.core.model_params import ModelMacroCfg, ModelMicroCfg
+
+
+class SpaceWrapper:
+
+    def __init__(self, cfg: ModelMacroCfg, name: str):
+        self.model_cfg = cfg
+        self.name = name
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def sample_all_models(self) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
+        """
+        Sample all models, return a list of arch ids
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    """serialize and deserialize"""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def serialize_model_encoding(cls, arch_micro: ModelMicroCfg) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def deserialize_model_encoding(cls, model_encoding) -> ModelMicroCfg:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @classmethod
+    def new_arch_scratch(cls, arch_macro: ModelMacroCfg, arch_micro: ModelMicroCfg, bn: bool = True):
+        """
+        Args:
+            arch_macro: macro setting for one architecture
+            arch_micro: micro setting for one architecture
+            bn: true or false
+        Returns:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def new_arch_scratch_with_default_setting(self, model_encoding: str, bn: bool):
+        """
+        Use the current search space's macro setting.
+        Args:
+            model_encoding: str of the model encoding
+            bn: true or false
+        Returns:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def load(self):
+        """
+        Load the related API
+        Returns:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def profiling(self, dataset: str,
+                  train_loader: DataLoader = None, val_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                  args=None, is_simulate: bool = False) -> (float, float, int):
+        """
+        Profile the training and scoring time.
+        Args:
+            dataset:
+            train_loader:
+            val_loader
+            args:
+            is_simulate:
+        Returns:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def micro_to_id(self, arch_struct: ModelMicroCfg) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    """init new architecture"""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def new_architecture(self, arch_id: str):
+        """
+        Generate an architecture with arch id
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def new_architecture_with_micro_cfg(self, arch_micro: ModelMicroCfg):
+        """
+        Generate an architecture with arch_micro
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        How many architectures the space has
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_arch_size(self, architecture):
+        """
+        Get how many edges in each cell of the architecture.
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def update_bn_flag(self, bn: bool):
+        """
+        Update architecture's bn,
+        :param bn:
+        :return:
+        """
+        self.model_cfg.bn = bn
+
+    """Below is for integrating space with various sampler"""
+
+    def random_architecture_id(self) -> (str, ModelMicroCfg):
+        """
+        Random generate architecture id, cell structure, supporting RN, RL, R
+        :param max_nodes:  how many nodes in this cell
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def mutate_architecture(self, parent_arch: ModelMicroCfg) -> (str, ModelMicroCfg):
+        """
+        Mutate architecture, this is to support EA sampler
+        :rtype: object
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_reinforcement_learning_policy(self, lr_rate):
+        """
+        This is fpr reinforcement learning policy sampler
+        :return:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    """In-RDBMS Helper Functions"""
+
+    def profiling_score_time(self, dataset: str, train_loader: DataLoader = None, val_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                             args=None, is_simulate: bool = False) -> float:
+        """
+        Profile the scoring time.
+        Args:
+            dataset:
+            train_loader:
+            val_loader
+            args:
+            is_simulate:
+        Returns:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def profiling_train_time(self, dataset: str, train_loader: DataLoader = None, val_loader: DataLoader = None,
+                             args=None, is_simulate: bool = False) -> float:
+        """
+        Profile the training time.
+        Args:
+            dataset:
+            train_loader:
+            val_loader
+            args:
+            is_simulate:
+        Returns:
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/darts_lib/operations.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/darts_lib/operations.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..412a2724
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/darts_lib/operations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+OPS = {
+    'none': lambda C, stride, affine: Zero(stride),
+    'avg_pool_3x3': lambda C, stride, affine: nn.AvgPool2d(3, stride=stride, padding=1, count_include_pad=False),
+    'max_pool_3x3': lambda C, stride, affine: nn.MaxPool2d(3, stride=stride, padding=1),
+    'skip_connect': lambda C, stride, affine: Identity() if stride == 1 else FactorizedReduce(C, C, affine=affine),
+    'sep_conv_3x3': lambda C, stride, affine: SepConv(C, C, 3, stride, 1, affine=affine),
+    'sep_conv_5x5': lambda C, stride, affine: SepConv(C, C, 5, stride, 2, affine=affine),
+    'sep_conv_7x7': lambda C, stride, affine: SepConv(C, C, 7, stride, 3, affine=affine),
+    'dil_conv_3x3': lambda C, stride, affine: DilConv(C, C, 3, stride, 2, 2, affine=affine),
+    'dil_conv_5x5': lambda C, stride, affine: DilConv(C, C, 5, stride, 4, 2, affine=affine),
+    'conv_7x1_1x7': lambda C, stride, affine: nn.Sequential(
+        nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+        nn.Conv2d(C, C, (1, 7), stride=(1, stride),
+                  padding=(0, 3), bias=False),
+        nn.Conv2d(C, C, (7, 1), stride=(stride, 1),
+                  padding=(3, 0), bias=False),
+        nn.BatchNorm2d(C, affine=affine)
+    ),
+}
+
+
+class ReLUConvBN(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, kernel_size, stride, padding, affine=True):
+        super(ReLUConvBN, self).__init__()
+        self.op = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_out, kernel_size, stride=stride,
+                      padding=padding, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C_out, affine=affine)
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.op(x)
+
+
+class DilConv(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, kernel_size, stride, padding, dilation, affine=True):
+        super(DilConv, self).__init__()
+        self.op = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_in, kernel_size=kernel_size, stride=stride,
+                      padding=padding, dilation=dilation, groups=C_in, bias=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_out, kernel_size=1, padding=0, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C_out, affine=affine),
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.op(x)
+
+
+class SepConv(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, kernel_size, stride, padding, affine=True):
+        super(SepConv, self).__init__()
+        self.op = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_in, kernel_size=kernel_size,
+                      stride=stride, padding=padding, groups=C_in, bias=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_in, kernel_size=1, padding=0, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C_in, affine=affine),
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_in, kernel_size=kernel_size, stride=1,
+                      padding=padding, groups=C_in, bias=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_out, kernel_size=1, padding=0, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C_out, affine=affine),
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.op(x)
+
+
+class Identity(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(Identity, self).__init__()
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return x
+
+
+class Zero(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self, stride):
+        super(Zero, self).__init__()
+        self.stride = stride
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        if self.stride == 1:
+            return x.mul(0.)
+        return x[:, :, ::self.stride, ::self.stride].mul(0.)
+
+
+class FactorizedReduce(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, affine=True):
+        super(FactorizedReduce, self).__init__()
+        assert C_out % 2 == 0
+        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=False)
+        self.conv_1 = nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_out // 2, 1,
+                                stride=2, padding=0, bias=False)
+        self.conv_2 = nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_out // 2, 1,
+                                stride=2, padding=0, bias=False)
+        self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(C_out, affine=affine)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.relu(x)
+        out = torch.cat([self.conv_1(x), self.conv_2(x[:, :, 1:, 1:])], dim=1)
+        out = self.bn(out)
+        return out
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/darts_lib/utils.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/darts_lib/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3ea554ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/darts_lib/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+import warnings
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+import shutil
+import logging
+import random
+
+import torchvision.datasets as dset
+import torchvision.transforms as transforms
+from torch.autograd import Variable
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+warnings.filterwarnings("error")
+
+
+class AvgrageMeter(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.avg = 0
+        self.sum = 0
+        self.cnt = 0
+
+    def update(self, val, n=1):
+        self.sum += val * n
+        self.cnt += n
+        self.avg = self.sum / self.cnt
+
+
+def accuracy(output, target, topk=(1,)):
+    maxk = max(topk)
+    batch_size = target.size(0)
+
+    _, pred = output.topk(maxk, 1, True, True)
+    pred = pred.t()
+    correct = pred.eq(target.reshape(1, -1).expand_as(pred))
+
+    res = []
+    for k in topk:
+        correct_k = correct[:k].reshape(-1).float().sum(0)
+        res.append(correct_k.mul_(100.0/batch_size))
+    return res
+
+
+class Cutout(object):
+    def __init__(self, length):
+        self.length = length
+
+    def __call__(self, img):
+        h, w = img.size(1), img.size(2)
+        mask = np.ones((h, w), np.float32)
+        y = np.random.randint(h)
+        x = np.random.randint(w)
+
+        y1 = np.clip(y - self.length // 2, 0, h)
+        y2 = np.clip(y + self.length // 2, 0, h)
+        x1 = np.clip(x - self.length // 2, 0, w)
+        x2 = np.clip(x + self.length // 2, 0, w)
+
+        mask[y1: y2, x1: x2] = 0.
+        mask = torch.from_numpy(mask)
+        mask = mask.expand_as(img)
+        img *= mask
+        return img
+
+
+def _data_transforms_cifar10(args):
+    CIFAR_MEAN = [0.49139968, 0.48215827, 0.44653124]
+    CIFAR_STD = [0.24703233, 0.24348505, 0.26158768]
+
+    train_transform = transforms.Compose([
+        transforms.RandomCrop(32, padding=4),
+        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
+        transforms.ToTensor(),
+        transforms.Normalize(CIFAR_MEAN, CIFAR_STD),
+    ])
+    if args.cutout:
+        train_transform.transforms.append(Cutout(args.cutout_length))
+
+    valid_transform = transforms.Compose([
+        transforms.ToTensor(),
+        transforms.Normalize(CIFAR_MEAN, CIFAR_STD),
+    ])
+    return train_transform, valid_transform
+
+
+def _get_cifar10(args):
+    train_transform, valid_transform = _data_transforms_cifar10(args)
+    train_data = dset.CIFAR10(
+        root=args.data, train=True, download=True, transform=train_transform
+    )
+    valid_data = dset.CIFAR10(
+        root=args.data, train=False, download=True, transform=valid_transform
+    )
+
+    train_queue = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        train_data,
+        batch_size=args.batch_size,
+        shuffle=True,
+        pin_memory=True,
+        num_workers=4,
+    )
+
+    valid_queue = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        valid_data,
+        batch_size=args.batch_size,
+        shuffle=False,
+        pin_memory=True,
+        num_workers=4,
+    )
+    return train_queue, valid_queue
+
+
+def _data_transforms_cifar100(args):
+    CIFAR_MEAN = [0.5070751592371323, 0.48654887331495095, 0.4409178433670343]
+    CIFAR_STD = [0.2673342858792401, 0.2564384629170883, 0.27615047132568404]
+
+    train_transform = transforms.Compose([
+        transforms.RandomCrop(32, padding=4),
+        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
+        transforms.ToTensor(),
+        transforms.Normalize(CIFAR_MEAN, CIFAR_STD),
+    ])
+    if args.cutout:
+        train_transform.transforms.append(Cutout(args.cutout_length))
+
+    valid_transform = transforms.Compose([
+        transforms.ToTensor(),
+        transforms.Normalize(CIFAR_MEAN, CIFAR_STD),
+    ])
+    return train_transform, valid_transform
+
+
+def _get_cifar100(args):
+    train_transform, valid_transform = _data_transforms_cifar100(args)
+    train_data = dset.CIFAR100(
+        root=args.data, train=True, download=True, transform=train_transform
+    )
+    valid_data = dset.CIFAR100(
+        root=args.data, train=False, download=True, transform=valid_transform
+    )
+
+    train_queue = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        train_data,
+        batch_size=args.batch_size,
+        shuffle=True,
+        pin_memory=True,
+        num_workers=4,
+    )
+
+    valid_queue = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        valid_data,
+        batch_size=args.batch_size,
+        shuffle=False,
+        pin_memory=True,
+        num_workers=4,
+    )
+    return train_queue, valid_queue
+
+
+def _get_imagenet(args):
+    traindir = os.path.join(args.data, 'train')
+    valdir = os.path.join(args.data, 'val')
+    normalize = transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
+                                     std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
+
+    train_dataset = dset.ImageFolder(
+        traindir,
+        transforms.Compose([
+            transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224),
+            transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
+            transforms.ColorJitter(
+                brightness=0.4,
+                contrast=0.4,
+                saturation=0.4,
+                hue=0.2),
+            transforms.ToTensor(),
+            normalize,
+        ]))
+    
+    num_train = len(train_dataset)
+    indices = list(range(num_train))
+    random.shuffle(indices)
+    split = int(np.floor(args.train_portion * num_train))
+    
+    train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        train_dataset, batch_size=args.batch_size, 
+        sampler=torch.utils.data.sampler.SubsetRandomSampler(indices[:split]),
+        num_workers=4,pin_memory=True, drop_last=True)
+    
+    val_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        train_dataset, batch_size=args.batch_size, 
+        sampler=torch.utils.data.sampler.SubsetRandomSampler(indices[split:2*split]),
+        num_workers=4,pin_memory=True, drop_last=True)
+
+    return train_loader, val_loader
+
+def _get_dist_imagenet(args):
+    traindir = os.path.join(args.data_dir, 'train')
+    valdir = os.path.join(args.data_dir, 'val')
+    normalize = transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
+                                     std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
+
+    train_dataset = dset.ImageFolder(
+        traindir,
+        transforms.Compose([
+            transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224),
+            transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
+            transforms.ColorJitter(
+                brightness=0.4,
+                contrast=0.4,
+                saturation=0.4,
+                hue=0.2),
+            transforms.ToTensor(),
+            normalize,
+        ]))
+
+    sampler = torch.utils.data.distributed.DistributedSampler(
+        train_dataset, num_replicas=args.gpu_num, rank=args.local_rank)
+
+    train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        train_dataset, batch_size=args.batch_size//args.gpu_num, num_workers=max(args.gpu_num*2, 4),
+        pin_memory=True, drop_last=True, sampler=sampler)
+
+    val_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
+        dset.ImageFolder(valdir, transforms.Compose([
+            transforms.Resize(256),
+            transforms.CenterCrop(224),
+            transforms.ToTensor(),
+            normalize,
+        ])),
+        batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=False,
+        num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)
+
+    return train_loader, val_loader, sampler
+
+
+
+def count_parameters_in_MB(model):
+    return np.sum([np.prod(v.size()) for n, v in model.named_parameters() if 'auxiliary' not in n])/1e6
+
+
+def save_checkpoint(state, is_best, save):
+    filename = os.path.join(save, 'checkpoint.pth.tar')
+    torch.save(state, filename)
+    if is_best:
+        best_filename = os.path.join(save, 'model_best.pth.tar')
+        shutil.copyfile(filename, best_filename)
+
+
+def save(model, model_path):
+    torch.save(model.state_dict(), model_path)
+
+
+def load(model, model_path):
+    model.load_state_dict(torch.load(model_path))
+
+
+def drop_path(x, drop_prob, dims=(0,)):
+    var_size = [1 for _ in range(x.dim())]
+    for i in dims:
+        var_size[i] = x.size(i)
+    if drop_prob > 0.:
+        keep_prob = 1.-drop_prob
+        mask = Variable(torch.cuda.FloatTensor(
+            *var_size).bernoulli_(keep_prob))
+        x.div_(keep_prob)
+        x.mul_(mask)
+    return x
+
+
+def create_exp_dir(path, scripts_to_save=None):
+    if not os.path.exists(path):
+        os.makedirs(path)
+    print('Experiment dir : {}'.format(path))
+
+    if scripts_to_save is not None:
+        os.makedirs(os.path.join(path, 'tools'))
+        for script in scripts_to_save:
+            dst_file = os.path.join(path, 'tools', os.path.basename(script))
+            shutil.copyfile(script, dst_file)
+
+
+class Performance(object):
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+        self.data = None
+
+    def update(self, alphas_normal, alphas_reduce, val_loss):
+        a_normal = F.softmax(alphas_normal, dim=-1)
+        # print("alpha normal size: ", a_normal.data.size())
+        a_reduce = F.softmax(alphas_reduce, dim=-1)
+        # print("alpha reduce size: ", a_reduce.data.size())
+        data = np.concatenate([a_normal.data.reshape(-1),
+                               a_reduce.data.reshape(-1),
+                               np.array([val_loss.data])]).reshape(1, -1)
+        if self.data is not None:
+            self.data = np.concatenate([self.data, data], axis=0)
+        else:
+            self.data = data
+
+    def save(self):
+        np.save(self.path, self.data)
+
+
+def logger(log_dir, need_time=True, need_stdout=False):
+    log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+    log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    fh = logging.FileHandler(log_dir)
+    fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    formatter = logging.Formatter(fmt='%(asctime)s %(message)s', datefmt='%m/%d/%Y-%I:%M:%S')
+    if need_stdout:
+        ch = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
+        ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+        log.addHandler(ch)
+    if need_time:
+        fh.setFormatter(formatter)
+        if need_stdout:
+            ch.setFormatter(formatter)
+    log.addHandler(fh)
+    return log
+
+class CrossEntropyLabelSmooth(nn.Module):
+
+    def __init__(self, num_classes, epsilon):
+        super(CrossEntropyLabelSmooth, self).__init__()
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.epsilon = epsilon
+        self.logsoftmax = nn.LogSoftmax(dim=1)
+
+    def forward(self, inputs, targets):
+        log_probs = self.logsoftmax(inputs)
+        targets = torch.zeros_like(log_probs).scatter_(1, targets.unsqueeze(1), 1)
+        targets = (1 - self.epsilon) * targets + self.epsilon / self.num_classes
+        loss = (-targets * log_probs).mean(0).sum()
+        return loss
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarDenseNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarDenseNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eaf8e981
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarDenseNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+import math, torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from .initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, nChannels, growthRate):
+        super(Bottleneck, self).__init__()
+        interChannels = 4 * growthRate
+        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(nChannels)
+        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(nChannels, interChannels, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
+        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(interChannels)
+        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(
+            interChannels, growthRate, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        out = self.conv1(F.relu(self.bn1(x)))
+        out = self.conv2(F.relu(self.bn2(out)))
+        out = torch.cat((x, out), 1)
+        return out
+
+
+class SingleLayer(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, nChannels, growthRate):
+        super(SingleLayer, self).__init__()
+        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(nChannels)
+        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(
+            nChannels, growthRate, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        out = self.conv1(F.relu(self.bn1(x)))
+        out = torch.cat((x, out), 1)
+        return out
+
+
+class Transition(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, nChannels, nOutChannels):
+        super(Transition, self).__init__()
+        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(nChannels)
+        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(nChannels, nOutChannels, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        out = self.conv1(F.relu(self.bn1(x)))
+        out = F.avg_pool2d(out, 2)
+        return out
+
+
+class DenseNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, growthRate, depth, reduction, nClasses, bottleneck):
+        super(DenseNet, self).__init__()
+
+        if bottleneck:
+            nDenseBlocks = int((depth - 4) / 6)
+        else:
+            nDenseBlocks = int((depth - 4) / 3)
+
+        self.message = "CifarDenseNet : block : {:}, depth : {:}, reduction : {:}, growth-rate = {:}, class = {:}".format(
+            "bottleneck" if bottleneck else "basic",
+            depth,
+            reduction,
+            growthRate,
+            nClasses,
+        )
+
+        nChannels = 2 * growthRate
+        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, nChannels, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False)
+
+        self.dense1 = self._make_dense(nChannels, growthRate, nDenseBlocks, bottleneck)
+        nChannels += nDenseBlocks * growthRate
+        nOutChannels = int(math.floor(nChannels * reduction))
+        self.trans1 = Transition(nChannels, nOutChannels)
+
+        nChannels = nOutChannels
+        self.dense2 = self._make_dense(nChannels, growthRate, nDenseBlocks, bottleneck)
+        nChannels += nDenseBlocks * growthRate
+        nOutChannels = int(math.floor(nChannels * reduction))
+        self.trans2 = Transition(nChannels, nOutChannels)
+
+        nChannels = nOutChannels
+        self.dense3 = self._make_dense(nChannels, growthRate, nDenseBlocks, bottleneck)
+        nChannels += nDenseBlocks * growthRate
+
+        self.act = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(nChannels), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.AvgPool2d(8)
+        )
+        self.fc = nn.Linear(nChannels, nClasses)
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def _make_dense(self, nChannels, growthRate, nDenseBlocks, bottleneck):
+        layers = []
+        for i in range(int(nDenseBlocks)):
+            if bottleneck:
+                layers.append(Bottleneck(nChannels, growthRate))
+            else:
+                layers.append(SingleLayer(nChannels, growthRate))
+            nChannels += growthRate
+        return nn.Sequential(*layers)
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        out = self.conv1(inputs)
+        out = self.trans1(self.dense1(out))
+        out = self.trans2(self.dense2(out))
+        out = self.dense3(out)
+        features = self.act(out)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        out = self.fc(features)
+        return features, out
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarResNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarResNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7ab777fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarResNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from .initialization import initialize_resnet
+from .SharedUtils import additive_func
+
+
+class Downsample(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, nIn, nOut, stride):
+        super(Downsample, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 2 and nOut == 2 * nIn, "stride:{} IO:{},{}".format(
+            stride, nIn, nOut
+        )
+        self.in_dim = nIn
+        self.out_dim = nOut
+        self.avg = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(nIn, nOut, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.avg(x)
+        out = self.conv(x)
+        return out
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, nIn, nOut, kernel, stride, padding, bias, relu):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            nIn, nOut, kernel_size=kernel, stride=stride, padding=padding, bias=bias
+        )
+        self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(nOut)
+        if relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+        self.out_dim = nOut
+        self.num_conv = 1
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        conv = self.conv(x)
+        bn = self.bn(conv)
+        if self.relu:
+            return self.relu(bn)
+        else:
+            return bn
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        self.conv_a = ConvBNReLU(inplanes, planes, 3, stride, 1, False, True)
+        self.conv_b = ConvBNReLU(planes, planes, 3, 1, 1, False, False)
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = Downsample(inplanes, planes, stride)
+        elif inplanes != planes:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(inplanes, planes, 1, 1, 0, False, False)
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        self.out_dim = planes
+        self.num_conv = 2
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = additive_func(residual, basicblock)
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class ResNetBottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride):
+        super(ResNetBottleneck, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        self.conv_1x1 = ConvBNReLU(inplanes, planes, 1, 1, 0, False, True)
+        self.conv_3x3 = ConvBNReLU(planes, planes, 3, stride, 1, False, True)
+        self.conv_1x4 = ConvBNReLU(
+            planes, planes * self.expansion, 1, 1, 0, False, False
+        )
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = Downsample(inplanes, planes * self.expansion, stride)
+        elif inplanes != planes * self.expansion:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes, planes * self.expansion, 1, 1, 0, False, False
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        self.out_dim = planes * self.expansion
+        self.num_conv = 3
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x1(inputs)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_3x3(bottleneck)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x4(bottleneck)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = additive_func(residual, bottleneck)
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class CifarResNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, block_name, depth, num_classes, zero_init_residual):
+        super(CifarResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # Model type specifies number of layers for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 model
+        if block_name == "ResNetBasicblock":
+            block = ResNetBasicblock
+            assert (depth - 2) % 6 == 0, "depth should be one of 20, 32, 44, 56, 110"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 6
+        elif block_name == "ResNetBottleneck":
+            block = ResNetBottleneck
+            assert (depth - 2) % 9 == 0, "depth should be one of 164"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 9
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block : {:}".format(block_name))
+
+        self.message = "CifarResNet : Block : {:}, Depth : {:}, Layers for each block : {:}".format(
+            block_name, depth, layer_blocks
+        )
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.channels = [16]
+        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([ConvBNReLU(3, 16, 3, 1, 1, False, True)])
+        for stage in range(3):
+            for iL in range(layer_blocks):
+                iC = self.channels[-1]
+                planes = 16 * (2 ** stage)
+                stride = 2 if stage > 0 and iL == 0 else 1
+                module = block(iC, planes, stride)
+                self.channels.append(module.out_dim)
+                self.layers.append(module)
+                self.message += "\nstage={:}, ilayer={:02d}/{:02d}, block={:03d}, iC={:3d}, oC={:3d}, stride={:}".format(
+                    stage,
+                    iL,
+                    layer_blocks,
+                    len(self.layers) - 1,
+                    iC,
+                    module.out_dim,
+                    stride,
+                )
+
+        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(8)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(module.out_dim, num_classes)
+        assert (
+            sum(x.num_conv for x in self.layers) + 1 == depth
+        ), "invalid depth check {:} vs {:}".format(
+            sum(x.num_conv for x in self.layers) + 1, depth
+        )
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+        if zero_init_residual:
+            for m in self.modules():
+                if isinstance(m, ResNetBasicblock):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_b.bn.weight, 0)
+                elif isinstance(m, ResNetBottleneck):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_1x4.bn.weight, 0)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        x = inputs
+        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
+            x = layer(x)
+        features = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(features)
+        return features, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarWideResNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarWideResNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..62e97c32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/CifarWideResNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from .initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class WideBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride, dropout=False):
+        super(WideBasicblock, self).__init__()
+
+        self.bn_a = nn.BatchNorm2d(inplanes)
+        self.conv_a = nn.Conv2d(
+            inplanes, planes, kernel_size=3, stride=stride, padding=1, bias=False
+        )
+
+        self.bn_b = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
+        if dropout:
+            self.dropout = nn.Dropout2d(p=0.5, inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.dropout = None
+        self.conv_b = nn.Conv2d(
+            planes, planes, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False
+        )
+
+        if inplanes != planes:
+            self.downsample = nn.Conv2d(
+                inplanes, planes, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, padding=0, bias=False
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+
+        basicblock = self.bn_a(x)
+        basicblock = F.relu(basicblock)
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(basicblock)
+
+        basicblock = self.bn_b(basicblock)
+        basicblock = F.relu(basicblock)
+        if self.dropout is not None:
+            basicblock = self.dropout(basicblock)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            x = self.downsample(x)
+
+        return x + basicblock
+
+
+class CifarWideResNet(nn.Module):
+    """
+    ResNet optimized for the Cifar dataset, as specified in
+    https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385.pdf
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, depth, widen_factor, num_classes, dropout):
+        super(CifarWideResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # Model type specifies number of layers for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 model
+        assert (depth - 4) % 6 == 0, "depth should be one of 20, 32, 44, 56, 110"
+        layer_blocks = (depth - 4) // 6
+        print(
+            "CifarPreResNet : Depth : {} , Layers for each block : {}".format(
+                depth, layer_blocks
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.dropout = dropout
+        self.conv_3x3 = nn.Conv2d(3, 16, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False)
+
+        self.message = "Wide ResNet : depth={:}, widen_factor={:}, class={:}".format(
+            depth, widen_factor, num_classes
+        )
+        self.inplanes = 16
+        self.stage_1 = self._make_layer(
+            WideBasicblock, 16 * widen_factor, layer_blocks, 1
+        )
+        self.stage_2 = self._make_layer(
+            WideBasicblock, 32 * widen_factor, layer_blocks, 2
+        )
+        self.stage_3 = self._make_layer(
+            WideBasicblock, 64 * widen_factor, layer_blocks, 2
+        )
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(64 * widen_factor), nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        )
+        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(8)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(64 * widen_factor, num_classes)
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride):
+
+        layers = []
+        layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, self.dropout))
+        self.inplanes = planes
+        for i in range(1, blocks):
+            layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, 1, self.dropout))
+
+        return nn.Sequential(*layers)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.conv_3x3(x)
+        x = self.stage_1(x)
+        x = self.stage_2(x)
+        x = self.stage_3(x)
+        x = self.lastact(x)
+        x = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
+        outs = self.classifier(features)
+        return features, outs
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_MobileNetV2.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_MobileNetV2.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..814ab39f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_MobileNetV2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks, CVPR 2018
+from torch import nn
+from .initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, in_planes, out_planes, kernel_size=3, stride=1, groups=1):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        padding = (kernel_size - 1) // 2
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            in_planes,
+            out_planes,
+            kernel_size,
+            stride,
+            padding,
+            groups=groups,
+            bias=False,
+        )
+        self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_planes)
+        self.relu = nn.ReLU6(inplace=True)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        out = self.conv(x)
+        out = self.bn(out)
+        out = self.relu(out)
+        return out
+
+
+class InvertedResidual(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, inp, oup, stride, expand_ratio):
+        super(InvertedResidual, self).__init__()
+        self.stride = stride
+        assert stride in [1, 2]
+
+        hidden_dim = int(round(inp * expand_ratio))
+        self.use_res_connect = self.stride == 1 and inp == oup
+
+        layers = []
+        if expand_ratio != 1:
+            # pw
+            layers.append(ConvBNReLU(inp, hidden_dim, kernel_size=1))
+        layers.extend(
+            [
+                # dw
+                ConvBNReLU(hidden_dim, hidden_dim, stride=stride, groups=hidden_dim),
+                # pw-linear
+                nn.Conv2d(hidden_dim, oup, 1, 1, 0, bias=False),
+                nn.BatchNorm2d(oup),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.conv = nn.Sequential(*layers)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        if self.use_res_connect:
+            return x + self.conv(x)
+        else:
+            return self.conv(x)
+
+
+class MobileNetV2(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, num_classes, width_mult, input_channel, last_channel, block_name, dropout
+    ):
+        super(MobileNetV2, self).__init__()
+        if block_name == "InvertedResidual":
+            block = InvertedResidual
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block name : {:}".format(block_name))
+        inverted_residual_setting = [
+            # t, c,  n, s
+            [1, 16, 1, 1],
+            [6, 24, 2, 2],
+            [6, 32, 3, 2],
+            [6, 64, 4, 2],
+            [6, 96, 3, 1],
+            [6, 160, 3, 2],
+            [6, 320, 1, 1],
+        ]
+
+        # building first layer
+        input_channel = int(input_channel * width_mult)
+        self.last_channel = int(last_channel * max(1.0, width_mult))
+        features = [ConvBNReLU(3, input_channel, stride=2)]
+        # building inverted residual blocks
+        for t, c, n, s in inverted_residual_setting:
+            output_channel = int(c * width_mult)
+            for i in range(n):
+                stride = s if i == 0 else 1
+                features.append(
+                    block(input_channel, output_channel, stride, expand_ratio=t)
+                )
+                input_channel = output_channel
+        # building last several layers
+        features.append(ConvBNReLU(input_channel, self.last_channel, kernel_size=1))
+        # make it nn.Sequential
+        self.features = nn.Sequential(*features)
+
+        # building classifier
+        self.classifier = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Dropout(dropout),
+            nn.Linear(self.last_channel, num_classes),
+        )
+        self.message = "MobileNetV2 : width_mult={:}, in-C={:}, last-C={:}, block={:}, dropout={:}".format(
+            width_mult, input_channel, last_channel, block_name, dropout
+        )
+
+        # weight initialization
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        features = self.features(inputs)
+        vectors = features.mean([2, 3])
+        predicts = self.classifier(vectors)
+        return features, predicts
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_ResNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_ResNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..66d830a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/ImageNet_ResNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+# Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition, CVPR 2016
+import torch.nn as nn
+from .initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+def conv3x3(in_planes, out_planes, stride=1, groups=1):
+    return nn.Conv2d(
+        in_planes,
+        out_planes,
+        kernel_size=3,
+        stride=stride,
+        padding=1,
+        groups=groups,
+        bias=False,
+    )
+
+
+def conv1x1(in_planes, out_planes, stride=1):
+    return nn.Conv2d(in_planes, out_planes, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False)
+
+
+class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 1
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None, groups=1, base_width=64
+    ):
+        super(BasicBlock, self).__init__()
+        if groups != 1 or base_width != 64:
+            raise ValueError("BasicBlock only supports groups=1 and base_width=64")
+        # Both self.conv1 and self.downsample layers downsample the input when stride != 1
+        self.conv1 = conv3x3(inplanes, planes, stride)
+        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
+        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        self.conv2 = conv3x3(planes, planes)
+        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
+        self.downsample = downsample
+        self.stride = stride
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        identity = x
+
+        out = self.conv1(x)
+        out = self.bn1(out)
+        out = self.relu(out)
+
+        out = self.conv2(out)
+        out = self.bn2(out)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            identity = self.downsample(x)
+
+        out += identity
+        out = self.relu(out)
+
+        return out
+
+
+class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None, groups=1, base_width=64
+    ):
+        super(Bottleneck, self).__init__()
+        width = int(planes * (base_width / 64.0)) * groups
+        # Both self.conv2 and self.downsample layers downsample the input when stride != 1
+        self.conv1 = conv1x1(inplanes, width)
+        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(width)
+        self.conv2 = conv3x3(width, width, stride, groups)
+        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(width)
+        self.conv3 = conv1x1(width, planes * self.expansion)
+        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * self.expansion)
+        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        self.downsample = downsample
+        self.stride = stride
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        identity = x
+
+        out = self.conv1(x)
+        out = self.bn1(out)
+        out = self.relu(out)
+
+        out = self.conv2(out)
+        out = self.bn2(out)
+        out = self.relu(out)
+
+        out = self.conv3(out)
+        out = self.bn3(out)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            identity = self.downsample(x)
+
+        out += identity
+        out = self.relu(out)
+
+        return out
+
+
+class ResNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        block_name,
+        layers,
+        deep_stem,
+        num_classes,
+        zero_init_residual,
+        groups,
+        width_per_group,
+    ):
+        super(ResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # planes = [int(width_per_group * groups * 2 ** i) for i in range(4)]
+        if block_name == "BasicBlock":
+            block = BasicBlock
+        elif block_name == "Bottleneck":
+            block = Bottleneck
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block-name : {:}".format(block_name))
+
+        if not deep_stem:
+            self.conv = nn.Sequential(
+                nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False),
+                nn.BatchNorm2d(64),
+                nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+            )
+        else:
+            self.conv = nn.Sequential(
+                nn.Conv2d(3, 32, kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False),
+                nn.BatchNorm2d(32),
+                nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+                nn.Conv2d(32, 32, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False),
+                nn.BatchNorm2d(32),
+                nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+                nn.Conv2d(32, 64, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False),
+                nn.BatchNorm2d(64),
+                nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+            )
+        self.inplanes = 64
+        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
+        self.layer1 = self._make_layer(
+            block, 64, layers[0], stride=1, groups=groups, base_width=width_per_group
+        )
+        self.layer2 = self._make_layer(
+            block, 128, layers[1], stride=2, groups=groups, base_width=width_per_group
+        )
+        self.layer3 = self._make_layer(
+            block, 256, layers[2], stride=2, groups=groups, base_width=width_per_group
+        )
+        self.layer4 = self._make_layer(
+            block, 512, layers[3], stride=2, groups=groups, base_width=width_per_group
+        )
+        self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
+        self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)
+        self.message = (
+            "block = {:}, layers = {:}, deep_stem = {:}, num_classes = {:}".format(
+                block, layers, deep_stem, num_classes
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+
+        # Zero-initialize the last BN in each residual branch,
+        # so that the residual branch starts with zeros, and each residual block behaves like an identity.
+        # This improves the model by 0.2~0.3% according to https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02677
+        if zero_init_residual:
+            for m in self.modules():
+                if isinstance(m, Bottleneck):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.bn3.weight, 0)
+                elif isinstance(m, BasicBlock):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.bn2.weight, 0)
+
+    def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride, groups, base_width):
+        downsample = None
+        if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
+            if stride == 2:
+                downsample = nn.Sequential(
+                    nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0),
+                    conv1x1(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion, 1),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
+                )
+            elif stride == 1:
+                downsample = nn.Sequential(
+                    conv1x1(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion, stride),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid stride [{:}] for downsample".format(stride))
+
+        layers = []
+        layers.append(
+            block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample, groups, base_width)
+        )
+        self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
+        for _ in range(1, blocks):
+            layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, 1, None, groups, base_width))
+
+        return nn.Sequential(*layers)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.conv(x)
+        x = self.maxpool(x)
+
+        x = self.layer1(x)
+        x = self.layer2(x)
+        x = self.layer3(x)
+        x = self.layer4(x)
+
+        features = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.fc(features)
+
+        return features, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/SharedUtils.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/SharedUtils.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..adcdf8bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/SharedUtils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+
+def additive_func(A, B):
+    assert A.dim() == B.dim() and A.size(0) == B.size(0), "{:} vs {:}".format(
+        A.size(), B.size()
+    )
+    C = min(A.size(1), B.size(1))
+    if A.size(1) == B.size(1):
+        return A + B
+    elif A.size(1) < B.size(1):
+        out = B.clone()
+        out[:, :C] += A
+        return out
+    else:
+        out = A.clone()
+        out[:, :C] += B
+        return out
+
+
+def change_key(key, value):
+    def func(m):
+        if hasattr(m, key):
+            setattr(m, key, value)
+
+    return func
+
+
+def parse_channel_info(xstring):
+    blocks = xstring.split(" ")
+    blocks = [x.split("-") for x in blocks]
+    blocks = [[int(_) for _ in x] for x in blocks]
+    return blocks
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/__init__.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8da05e39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+from collections import namedtuple
+from os import path as osp
+from typing import List, Text
+import torch
+
+__all__ = [
+    "change_key",
+    "get_cell_based_tiny_net",
+    "get_search_spaces",
+    "get_cifar_models",
+    "get_imagenet_models",
+    "obtain_model",
+    "obtain_search_model",
+    "load_net_from_checkpoint",
+    "CellStructure",
+    "CellArchitectures",
+]
+
+def dict2config(xdict, logger):
+    assert isinstance(xdict, dict), "invalid type : {:}".format(type(xdict))
+    Arguments = namedtuple("Configure", " ".join(xdict.keys()))
+    content = Arguments(**xdict)
+    if hasattr(logger, "log"):
+        logger.log("{:}".format(content))
+    return content
+
+# useful modules
+# from .config_utils import dict2config
+from .SharedUtils import change_key
+from .cell_searchs import CellStructure, CellArchitectures
+
+
+# Cell-based NAS Models
+def get_cell_based_tiny_net(config):
+    if isinstance(config, dict):
+        config = dict2config(config, None)  # to support the argument being a dict
+    super_type = getattr(config, "super_type", "basic")
+    group_names = ["DARTS-V1", "DARTS-V2", "GDAS", "SETN", "ENAS", "RANDOM", "generic"]
+    if super_type == "basic" and config.name in group_names:
+        from .cell_searchs import nas201_super_nets as nas_super_nets
+
+        try:
+            return nas_super_nets[config.name](
+                config.C,
+                config.N,
+                config.max_nodes,
+                config.num_classes,
+                config.space,
+                config.affine,
+                config.track_running_stats,
+            )
+        except:
+            return nas_super_nets[config.name](
+                config.C, config.N, config.max_nodes, config.num_classes, config.space
+            )
+    elif super_type == "search-shape":
+        from .shape_searchs import GenericNAS301Model
+
+        genotype = CellStructure.str2structure(config.genotype)
+        return GenericNAS301Model(
+            config.candidate_Cs,
+            config.max_num_Cs,
+            genotype,
+            config.num_classes,
+            config.affine,
+            config.track_running_stats,
+        )
+    elif super_type == "nasnet-super":
+        from .cell_searchs import nasnet_super_nets as nas_super_nets
+
+        return nas_super_nets[config.name](
+            config.C,
+            config.N,
+            config.steps,
+            config.multiplier,
+            config.stem_multiplier,
+            config.num_classes,
+            config.space,
+            config.affine,
+            config.track_running_stats,
+        )
+    elif config.name == "infer.tiny":
+        from .cell_infers import TinyNetwork
+
+        if hasattr(config, "genotype"):
+            genotype = config.genotype
+        elif hasattr(config, "arch_str"):
+            genotype = CellStructure.str2structure(config.arch_str)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can not find genotype from this config : {:}".format(config)
+            )
+        return TinyNetwork(config.C, config.N, genotype, config.num_classes)
+    elif config.name == "infer.shape.tiny":
+        from .shape_infers import DynamicShapeTinyNet
+
+        if isinstance(config.channels, str):
+            channels = tuple([int(x) for x in config.channels.split(":")])
+        else:
+            channels = config.channels
+        genotype = CellStructure.str2structure(config.genotype)
+        return DynamicShapeTinyNet(channels, genotype, config.num_classes)
+    elif config.name == "infer.nasnet-cifar":
+        from .cell_infers import NASNetonCIFAR
+
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid network name : {:}".format(config.name))
+
+
+# obtain the search space, i.e., a dict mapping the operation name into a python-function for this op
+def get_search_spaces(xtype, name) -> List[Text]:
+    if xtype == "cell" or xtype == "tss":  # The topology search space.
+        from .cell_operations import SearchSpaceNames
+
+        assert name in SearchSpaceNames, "invalid name [{:}] in {:}".format(
+            name, SearchSpaceNames.keys()
+        )
+        return SearchSpaceNames[name]
+    elif xtype == "sss":  # The size search space.
+        if name in ["nats-bench", "nats-bench-size"]:
+            return {"candidates": [8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64], "numbers": 5}
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid name : {:}".format(name))
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid search-space type is {:}".format(xtype))
+
+
+def get_cifar_models(config, extra_path=None):
+    super_type = getattr(config, "super_type", "basic")
+    if super_type == "basic":
+        from .CifarResNet import CifarResNet
+        from .CifarDenseNet import DenseNet
+        from .CifarWideResNet import CifarWideResNet
+
+        if config.arch == "resnet":
+            return CifarResNet(
+                config.module, config.depth, config.class_num, config.zero_init_residual
+            )
+        elif config.arch == "densenet":
+            return DenseNet(
+                config.growthRate,
+                config.depth,
+                config.reduction,
+                config.class_num,
+                config.bottleneck,
+            )
+        elif config.arch == "wideresnet":
+            return CifarWideResNet(
+                config.depth, config.wide_factor, config.class_num, config.dropout
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid module type : {:}".format(config.arch))
+    elif super_type.startswith("infer"):
+        from .shape_infers import InferWidthCifarResNet
+        from .shape_infers import InferDepthCifarResNet
+        from .shape_infers import InferCifarResNet
+        from .cell_infers import NASNetonCIFAR
+
+        assert len(super_type.split("-")) == 2, "invalid super_type : {:}".format(
+            super_type
+        )
+        infer_mode = super_type.split("-")[1]
+        if infer_mode == "width":
+            return InferWidthCifarResNet(
+                config.module,
+                config.depth,
+                config.xchannels,
+                config.class_num,
+                config.zero_init_residual,
+            )
+        elif infer_mode == "depth":
+            return InferDepthCifarResNet(
+                config.module,
+                config.depth,
+                config.xblocks,
+                config.class_num,
+                config.zero_init_residual,
+            )
+        elif infer_mode == "shape":
+            return InferCifarResNet(
+                config.module,
+                config.depth,
+                config.xblocks,
+                config.xchannels,
+                config.class_num,
+                config.zero_init_residual,
+            )
+        elif infer_mode == "nasnet.cifar":
+            genotype = config.genotype
+            if extra_path is not None:  # reload genotype by extra_path
+                if not osp.isfile(extra_path):
+                    raise ValueError("invalid extra_path : {:}".format(extra_path))
+                xdata = torch.load(extra_path)
+                current_epoch = xdata["epoch"]
+                genotype = xdata["genotypes"][current_epoch - 1]
+            C = config.C if hasattr(config, "C") else config.ichannel
+            N = config.N if hasattr(config, "N") else config.layers
+            return NASNetonCIFAR(
+                C, N, config.stem_multi, config.class_num, genotype, config.auxiliary
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid infer-mode : {:}".format(infer_mode))
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid super-type : {:}".format(super_type))
+
+
+def get_imagenet_models(config):
+    super_type = getattr(config, "super_type", "basic")
+    if super_type == "basic":
+        from .ImageNet_ResNet import ResNet
+        from .ImageNet_MobileNetV2 import MobileNetV2
+
+        if config.arch == "resnet":
+            return ResNet(
+                config.block_name,
+                config.layers,
+                config.deep_stem,
+                config.class_num,
+                config.zero_init_residual,
+                config.groups,
+                config.width_per_group,
+            )
+        elif config.arch == "mobilenet_v2":
+            return MobileNetV2(
+                config.class_num,
+                config.width_multi,
+                config.input_channel,
+                config.last_channel,
+                "InvertedResidual",
+                config.dropout,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid arch : {:}".format(config.arch))
+    elif super_type.startswith("infer"):  # NAS searched architecture
+        assert len(super_type.split("-")) == 2, "invalid super_type : {:}".format(
+            super_type
+        )
+        infer_mode = super_type.split("-")[1]
+        if infer_mode == "shape":
+            from .shape_infers import InferImagenetResNet
+            from .shape_infers import InferMobileNetV2
+
+            if config.arch == "resnet":
+                return InferImagenetResNet(
+                    config.block_name,
+                    config.layers,
+                    config.xblocks,
+                    config.xchannels,
+                    config.deep_stem,
+                    config.class_num,
+                    config.zero_init_residual,
+                )
+            elif config.arch == "MobileNetV2":
+                return InferMobileNetV2(
+                    config.class_num, config.xchannels, config.xblocks, config.dropout
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid arch-mode : {:}".format(config.arch))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid infer-mode : {:}".format(infer_mode))
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid super-type : {:}".format(super_type))
+
+
+# Try to obtain the network by config.
+def obtain_model(config, extra_path=None):
+    if config.dataset == "cifar":
+        return get_cifar_models(config, extra_path)
+    elif config.dataset == "imagenet":
+        return get_imagenet_models(config)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid dataset in the model config : {:}".format(config))
+
+
+def obtain_search_model(config):
+    if config.dataset == "cifar":
+        if config.arch == "resnet":
+            from .shape_searchs import SearchWidthCifarResNet
+            from .shape_searchs import SearchDepthCifarResNet
+            from .shape_searchs import SearchShapeCifarResNet
+
+            if config.search_mode == "width":
+                return SearchWidthCifarResNet(
+                    config.module, config.depth, config.class_num
+                )
+            elif config.search_mode == "depth":
+                return SearchDepthCifarResNet(
+                    config.module, config.depth, config.class_num
+                )
+            elif config.search_mode == "shape":
+                return SearchShapeCifarResNet(
+                    config.module, config.depth, config.class_num
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid search mode : {:}".format(config.search_mode))
+        elif config.arch == "simres":
+            from .shape_searchs import SearchWidthSimResNet
+
+            if config.search_mode == "width":
+                return SearchWidthSimResNet(config.depth, config.class_num)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid search mode : {:}".format(config.search_mode))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "invalid arch : {:} for dataset [{:}]".format(
+                    config.arch, config.dataset
+                )
+            )
+    elif config.dataset == "imagenet":
+        from .shape_searchs import SearchShapeImagenetResNet
+
+        assert config.search_mode == "shape", "invalid search-mode : {:}".format(
+            config.search_mode
+        )
+        if config.arch == "resnet":
+            return SearchShapeImagenetResNet(
+                config.block_name, config.layers, config.deep_stem, config.class_num
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid model config : {:}".format(config))
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid dataset in the model config : {:}".format(config))
+
+
+def load_net_from_checkpoint(checkpoint):
+    assert osp.isfile(checkpoint), "checkpoint {:} does not exist".format(checkpoint)
+    checkpoint = torch.load(checkpoint)
+    model_config = dict2config(checkpoint["model-config"], None)
+    model = obtain_model(model_config)
+    model.load_state_dict(checkpoint["base-model"])
+    return model
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/__init__.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ac1a183d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+from .tiny_network import TinyNetwork
+from .nasnet_cifar import NASNetonCIFAR
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/cells.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/cells.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..40df57b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/cells.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+from models.cell_operations import OPS
+
+
+# Cell for NAS-Bench-201
+class InferCell(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, genotype, C_in, C_out, stride, affine=True, track_running_stats=True
+    ):
+        super(InferCell, self).__init__()
+
+        self.layers = nn.ModuleList()
+        self.node_IN = []
+        self.node_IX = []
+        self.genotype = deepcopy(genotype)
+        for i in range(1, len(genotype)):
+            node_info = genotype[i - 1]
+            cur_index = []
+            cur_innod = []
+            for (op_name, op_in) in node_info:
+                if op_in == 0:
+                    layer = OPS[op_name](
+                        C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats
+                    )
+                else:
+                    layer = OPS[op_name](C_out, C_out, 1, affine, track_running_stats)
+                cur_index.append(len(self.layers))
+                cur_innod.append(op_in)
+                self.layers.append(layer)
+            self.node_IX.append(cur_index)
+            self.node_IN.append(cur_innod)
+        self.nodes = len(genotype)
+        self.in_dim = C_in
+        self.out_dim = C_out
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        string = "info :: nodes={nodes}, inC={in_dim}, outC={out_dim}".format(
+            **self.__dict__
+        )
+        laystr = []
+        for i, (node_layers, node_innods) in enumerate(zip(self.node_IX, self.node_IN)):
+            y = [
+                "I{:}-L{:}".format(_ii, _il)
+                for _il, _ii in zip(node_layers, node_innods)
+            ]
+            x = "{:}<-({:})".format(i + 1, ",".join(y))
+            laystr.append(x)
+        return (
+            string
+            + ", [{:}]".format(" | ".join(laystr))
+            + ", {:}".format(self.genotype.tostr())
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i, (node_layers, node_innods) in enumerate(zip(self.node_IX, self.node_IN)):
+            node_feature = sum(
+                self.layers[_il](nodes[_ii])
+                for _il, _ii in zip(node_layers, node_innods)
+            )
+            nodes.append(node_feature)
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+
+# Learning Transferable Architectures for Scalable Image Recognition, CVPR 2018
+class NASNetInferCell(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        genotype,
+        C_prev_prev,
+        C_prev,
+        C,
+        reduction,
+        reduction_prev,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetInferCell, self).__init__()
+        self.reduction = reduction
+        if reduction_prev:
+            self.preprocess0 = OPS["skip_connect"](
+                C_prev_prev, C, 2, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        else:
+            self.preprocess0 = OPS["nor_conv_1x1"](
+                C_prev_prev, C, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        self.preprocess1 = OPS["nor_conv_1x1"](
+            C_prev, C, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+        )
+
+        if not reduction:
+            nodes, concats = genotype["normal"], genotype["normal_concat"]
+        else:
+            nodes, concats = genotype["reduce"], genotype["reduce_concat"]
+        self._multiplier = len(concats)
+        self._concats = concats
+        self._steps = len(nodes)
+        self._nodes = nodes
+        self.edges = nn.ModuleDict()
+        for i, node in enumerate(nodes):
+            for in_node in node:
+                name, j = in_node[0], in_node[1]
+                stride = 2 if reduction and j < 2 else 1
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i + 2, j)
+                self.edges[node_str] = OPS[name](
+                    C, C, stride, affine, track_running_stats
+                )
+
+    # [TODO] to support drop_prob in this function..
+    def forward(self, s0, s1, unused_drop_prob):
+        s0 = self.preprocess0(s0)
+        s1 = self.preprocess1(s1)
+
+        states = [s0, s1]
+        for i, node in enumerate(self._nodes):
+            clist = []
+            for in_node in node:
+                name, j = in_node[0], in_node[1]
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i + 2, j)
+                op = self.edges[node_str]
+                clist.append(op(states[j]))
+            states.append(sum(clist))
+        return torch.cat([states[x] for x in self._concats], dim=1)
+
+
+class AuxiliaryHeadCIFAR(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, C, num_classes):
+        """assuming input size 8x8"""
+        super(AuxiliaryHeadCIFAR, self).__init__()
+        self.features = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+            nn.AvgPool2d(
+                5, stride=3, padding=0, count_include_pad=False
+            ),  # image size = 2 x 2
+            nn.Conv2d(C, 128, 1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(128),
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+            nn.Conv2d(128, 768, 2, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(768),
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+        )
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(768, num_classes)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.features(x)
+        x = self.classifier(x.view(x.size(0), -1))
+        return x
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/nasnet_cifar.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/nasnet_cifar.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..21094777
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/nasnet_cifar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+from .cells import NASNetInferCell as InferCell, AuxiliaryHeadCIFAR
+
+
+# The macro structure is based on NASNet
+class NASNetonCIFAR(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C,
+        N,
+        stem_multiplier,
+        num_classes,
+        genotype,
+        auxiliary,
+        affine=True,
+        track_running_stats=True,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetonCIFAR, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C * stem_multiplier, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C * stem_multiplier),
+        )
+
+        # config for each layer
+        layer_channels = (
+            [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * (N - 1) + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * (N - 1)
+        )
+        layer_reductions = (
+            [False] * N + [True] + [False] * (N - 1) + [True] + [False] * (N - 1)
+        )
+
+        C_prev_prev, C_prev, C_curr, reduction_prev = (
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C,
+            False,
+        )
+        self.auxiliary_index = None
+        self.auxiliary_head = None
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            cell = InferCell(
+                genotype,
+                C_prev_prev,
+                C_prev,
+                C_curr,
+                reduction,
+                reduction_prev,
+                affine,
+                track_running_stats,
+            )
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev_prev, C_prev, reduction_prev = (
+                C_prev,
+                cell._multiplier * C_curr,
+                reduction,
+            )
+            if reduction and C_curr == C * 4 and auxiliary:
+                self.auxiliary_head = AuxiliaryHeadCIFAR(C_prev, num_classes)
+                self.auxiliary_index = index
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.drop_path_prob = -1
+
+    def update_drop_path(self, drop_path_prob):
+        self.drop_path_prob = drop_path_prob
+
+    def auxiliary_param(self):
+        if self.auxiliary_head is None:
+            return []
+        else:
+            return list(self.auxiliary_head.parameters())
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        stem_feature, logits_aux = self.stem(inputs), None
+        cell_results = [stem_feature, stem_feature]
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            cell_feature = cell(cell_results[-2], cell_results[-1], self.drop_path_prob)
+            cell_results.append(cell_feature)
+            if (
+                self.auxiliary_index is not None
+                and i == self.auxiliary_index
+                and self.training
+            ):
+                logits_aux = self.auxiliary_head(cell_results[-1])
+        out = self.lastact(cell_results[-1])
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+        if logits_aux is None:
+            return out, logits
+        else:
+            return out, [logits, logits_aux]
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/tiny_network.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/tiny_network.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e8da1e40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_infers/tiny_network.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch.nn as nn
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from .cells import InferCell
+
+
+# The macro structure for architectures in NAS-Bench-201
+class TinyNetwork(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, C, N, genotype, num_classes):
+        super(TinyNetwork, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        C_prev = C
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2, True)
+            else:
+                cell = InferCell(genotype, C_prev, C_curr, 1)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            feature = cell(feature)
+
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_operations.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_operations.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..051539cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_operations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,553 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+__all__ = ["OPS", "RAW_OP_CLASSES", "ResNetBasicblock", "SearchSpaceNames"]
+
+OPS = {
+    "none": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: Zero(
+        C_in, C_out, stride
+    ),
+    "avg_pool_3x3": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: POOLING(
+        C_in, C_out, stride, "avg", affine, track_running_stats
+    ),
+    "max_pool_3x3": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: POOLING(
+        C_in, C_out, stride, "max", affine, track_running_stats
+    ),
+    "nor_conv_7x7": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: ReLUConvBN(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (7, 7),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (3, 3),
+        (1, 1),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "nor_conv_3x3": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: ReLUConvBN(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (3, 3),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (1, 1),
+        (1, 1),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "nor_conv_1x1": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: ReLUConvBN(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (1, 1),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (0, 0),
+        (1, 1),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "dua_sepc_3x3": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: DualSepConv(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (3, 3),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (1, 1),
+        (1, 1),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "dua_sepc_5x5": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: DualSepConv(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (5, 5),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (2, 2),
+        (1, 1),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "dil_sepc_3x3": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: SepConv(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (3, 3),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (2, 2),
+        (2, 2),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "dil_sepc_5x5": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: SepConv(
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        (5, 5),
+        (stride, stride),
+        (4, 4),
+        (2, 2),
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ),
+    "skip_connect": lambda C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats: Identity()
+    if stride == 1 and C_in == C_out
+    else FactorizedReduce(C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats),
+}
+
+CONNECT_NAS_BENCHMARK = ["none", "skip_connect", "nor_conv_3x3"]
+NAS_BENCH_201 = ["none", "skip_connect", "nor_conv_1x1", "nor_conv_3x3", "avg_pool_3x3"]
+DARTS_SPACE = [
+    "none",
+    "skip_connect",
+    "dua_sepc_3x3",
+    "dua_sepc_5x5",
+    "dil_sepc_3x3",
+    "dil_sepc_5x5",
+    "avg_pool_3x3",
+    "max_pool_3x3",
+]
+
+SearchSpaceNames = {
+    "connect-nas": CONNECT_NAS_BENCHMARK,
+    "nats-bench": NAS_BENCH_201,
+    "nas-bench-201": NAS_BENCH_201,
+    "darts": DARTS_SPACE,
+}
+
+
+class ReLUConvBN(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        kernel_size,
+        stride,
+        padding,
+        dilation,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats=True,
+    ):
+        super(ReLUConvBN, self).__init__()
+        self.op = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(
+                C_in,
+                C_out,
+                kernel_size,
+                stride=stride,
+                padding=padding,
+                dilation=dilation,
+                bias=not affine,
+            ),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                C_out, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.op(x)
+
+
+class SepConv(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        kernel_size,
+        stride,
+        padding,
+        dilation,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats=True,
+    ):
+        super(SepConv, self).__init__()
+        self.op = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+            nn.Conv2d(
+                C_in,
+                C_in,
+                kernel_size=kernel_size,
+                stride=stride,
+                padding=padding,
+                dilation=dilation,
+                groups=C_in,
+                bias=False,
+            ),
+            nn.Conv2d(C_in, C_out, kernel_size=1, padding=0, bias=not affine),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                C_out, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.op(x)
+
+
+class DualSepConv(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        kernel_size,
+        stride,
+        padding,
+        dilation,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats=True,
+    ):
+        super(DualSepConv, self).__init__()
+        self.op_a = SepConv(
+            C_in,
+            C_in,
+            kernel_size,
+            stride,
+            padding,
+            dilation,
+            affine,
+            track_running_stats,
+        )
+        self.op_b = SepConv(
+            C_in, C_out, kernel_size, 1, padding, dilation, affine, track_running_stats
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.op_a(x)
+        x = self.op_b(x)
+        return x
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride, affine=True, track_running_stats=True):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        self.conv_a = ReLUConvBN(
+            inplanes, planes, 3, stride, 1, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+        )
+        self.conv_b = ReLUConvBN(
+            planes, planes, 3, 1, 1, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+        )
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = nn.Sequential(
+                nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0),
+                nn.Conv2d(
+                    inplanes, planes, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False
+                ),
+            )
+        elif inplanes != planes:
+            self.downsample = ReLUConvBN(
+                inplanes, planes, 1, 1, 0, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        self.in_dim = inplanes
+        self.out_dim = planes
+        self.stride = stride
+        self.num_conv = 2
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        string = "{name}(inC={in_dim}, outC={out_dim}, stride={stride})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+        return string
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        return residual + basicblock
+
+
+class POOLING(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C_in, C_out, stride, mode, affine=True, track_running_stats=True
+    ):
+        super(POOLING, self).__init__()
+        if C_in == C_out:
+            self.preprocess = None
+        else:
+            self.preprocess = ReLUConvBN(
+                C_in, C_out, 1, 1, 0, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        if mode == "avg":
+            self.op = nn.AvgPool2d(3, stride=stride, padding=1, count_include_pad=False)
+        elif mode == "max":
+            self.op = nn.MaxPool2d(3, stride=stride, padding=1)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid mode={:} in POOLING".format(mode))
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.preprocess:
+            x = self.preprocess(inputs)
+        else:
+            x = inputs
+        return self.op(x)
+
+
+class Identity(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(Identity, self).__init__()
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return x
+
+
+class Zero(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, stride):
+        super(Zero, self).__init__()
+        self.C_in = C_in
+        self.C_out = C_out
+        self.stride = stride
+        self.is_zero = True
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        if self.C_in == self.C_out:
+            if self.stride == 1:
+                return x.mul(0.0)
+            else:
+                return x[:, :, :: self.stride, :: self.stride].mul(0.0)
+        else:
+            shape = list(x.shape)
+            shape[1] = self.C_out
+            zeros = x.new_zeros(shape, dtype=x.dtype, device=x.device)
+            return zeros
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "C_in={C_in}, C_out={C_out}, stride={stride}".format(**self.__dict__)
+
+
+class FactorizedReduce(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats):
+        super(FactorizedReduce, self).__init__()
+        self.stride = stride
+        self.C_in = C_in
+        self.C_out = C_out
+        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=False)
+        if stride == 2:
+            # assert C_out % 2 == 0, 'C_out : {:}'.format(C_out)
+            C_outs = [C_out // 2, C_out - C_out // 2]
+            self.convs = nn.ModuleList()
+            for i in range(2):
+                self.convs.append(
+                    nn.Conv2d(
+                        C_in, C_outs[i], 1, stride=stride, padding=0, bias=not affine
+                    )
+                )
+            self.pad = nn.ConstantPad2d((0, 1, 0, 1), 0)
+        elif stride == 1:
+            self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+                C_in, C_out, 1, stride=stride, padding=0, bias=not affine
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid stride : {:}".format(stride))
+        self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(
+            C_out, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        if self.stride == 2:
+            x = self.relu(x)
+            y = self.pad(x)
+            out = torch.cat([self.convs[0](x), self.convs[1](y[:, :, 1:, 1:])], dim=1)
+        else:
+            out = self.conv(x)
+        out = self.bn(out)
+        return out
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "C_in={C_in}, C_out={C_out}, stride={stride}".format(**self.__dict__)
+
+
+# Auto-ReID: Searching for a Part-Aware ConvNet for Person Re-Identification, ICCV 2019
+class PartAwareOp(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, C_in, C_out, stride, part=4):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.part = 4
+        self.hidden = C_in // 3
+        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.local_conv_list = nn.ModuleList()
+        for i in range(self.part):
+            self.local_conv_list.append(
+                nn.Sequential(
+                    nn.ReLU(),
+                    nn.Conv2d(C_in, self.hidden, 1),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(self.hidden, affine=True),
+                )
+            )
+        self.W_K = nn.Linear(self.hidden, self.hidden)
+        self.W_Q = nn.Linear(self.hidden, self.hidden)
+
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.last = FactorizedReduce(C_in + self.hidden, C_out, 2)
+        elif stride == 1:
+            self.last = FactorizedReduce(C_in + self.hidden, C_out, 1)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid Stride : {:}".format(stride))
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        batch, C, H, W = x.size()
+        assert H >= self.part, "input size too small : {:} vs {:}".format(
+            x.shape, self.part
+        )
+        IHs = [0]
+        for i in range(self.part):
+            IHs.append(min(H, int((i + 1) * (float(H) / self.part))))
+        local_feat_list = []
+        for i in range(self.part):
+            feature = x[:, :, IHs[i] : IHs[i + 1], :]
+            xfeax = self.avg_pool(feature)
+            xfea = self.local_conv_list[i](xfeax)
+            local_feat_list.append(xfea)
+        part_feature = torch.cat(local_feat_list, dim=2).view(batch, -1, self.part)
+        part_feature = part_feature.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()
+        part_K = self.W_K(part_feature)
+        part_Q = self.W_Q(part_feature).transpose(1, 2).contiguous()
+        weight_att = torch.bmm(part_K, part_Q)
+        attention = torch.softmax(weight_att, dim=2)
+        aggreateF = torch.bmm(attention, part_feature).transpose(1, 2).contiguous()
+        features = []
+        for i in range(self.part):
+            feature = aggreateF[:, :, i : i + 1].expand(
+                batch, self.hidden, IHs[i + 1] - IHs[i]
+            )
+            feature = feature.view(batch, self.hidden, IHs[i + 1] - IHs[i], 1)
+            features.append(feature)
+        features = torch.cat(features, dim=2).expand(batch, self.hidden, H, W)
+        final_fea = torch.cat((x, features), dim=1)
+        outputs = self.last(final_fea)
+        return outputs
+
+
+def drop_path(x, drop_prob):
+    if drop_prob > 0.0:
+        keep_prob = 1.0 - drop_prob
+        mask = x.new_zeros(x.size(0), 1, 1, 1)
+        mask = mask.bernoulli_(keep_prob)
+        x = torch.div(x, keep_prob)
+        x.mul_(mask)
+    return x
+
+
+# Searching for A Robust Neural Architecture in Four GPU Hours
+class GDAS_Reduction_Cell(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C_prev_prev, C_prev, C, reduction_prev, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(GDAS_Reduction_Cell, self).__init__()
+        if reduction_prev:
+            self.preprocess0 = FactorizedReduce(
+                C_prev_prev, C, 2, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        else:
+            self.preprocess0 = ReLUConvBN(
+                C_prev_prev, C, 1, 1, 0, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        self.preprocess1 = ReLUConvBN(
+            C_prev, C, 1, 1, 0, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+        )
+
+        self.reduction = True
+        self.ops1 = nn.ModuleList(
+            [
+                nn.Sequential(
+                    nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+                    nn.Conv2d(
+                        C,
+                        C,
+                        (1, 3),
+                        stride=(1, 2),
+                        padding=(0, 1),
+                        groups=8,
+                        bias=not affine,
+                    ),
+                    nn.Conv2d(
+                        C,
+                        C,
+                        (3, 1),
+                        stride=(2, 1),
+                        padding=(1, 0),
+                        groups=8,
+                        bias=not affine,
+                    ),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                        C, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+                    ),
+                    nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+                    nn.Conv2d(C, C, 1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=not affine),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                        C, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+                    ),
+                ),
+                nn.Sequential(
+                    nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+                    nn.Conv2d(
+                        C,
+                        C,
+                        (1, 3),
+                        stride=(1, 2),
+                        padding=(0, 1),
+                        groups=8,
+                        bias=not affine,
+                    ),
+                    nn.Conv2d(
+                        C,
+                        C,
+                        (3, 1),
+                        stride=(2, 1),
+                        padding=(1, 0),
+                        groups=8,
+                        bias=not affine,
+                    ),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                        C, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+                    ),
+                    nn.ReLU(inplace=False),
+                    nn.Conv2d(C, C, 1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=not affine),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                        C, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+
+        self.ops2 = nn.ModuleList(
+            [
+                nn.Sequential(
+                    nn.MaxPool2d(3, stride=2, padding=1),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                        C, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+                    ),
+                ),
+                nn.Sequential(
+                    nn.MaxPool2d(3, stride=2, padding=1),
+                    nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                        C, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def multiplier(self):
+        return 4
+
+    def forward(self, s0, s1, drop_prob=-1):
+        s0 = self.preprocess0(s0)
+        s1 = self.preprocess1(s1)
+
+        X0 = self.ops1[0](s0)
+        X1 = self.ops1[1](s1)
+        if self.training and drop_prob > 0.0:
+            X0, X1 = drop_path(X0, drop_prob), drop_path(X1, drop_prob)
+
+        # X2 = self.ops2[0] (X0+X1)
+        X2 = self.ops2[0](s0)
+        X3 = self.ops2[1](s1)
+        if self.training and drop_prob > 0.0:
+            X2, X3 = drop_path(X2, drop_prob), drop_path(X3, drop_prob)
+        return torch.cat([X0, X1, X2, X3], dim=1)
+
+
+# To manage the useful classes in this file.
+RAW_OP_CLASSES = {"gdas_reduction": GDAS_Reduction_Cell}
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/__init__.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d770cb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+# The macro structure is defined in NAS-Bench-201
+from .search_model_darts import TinyNetworkDarts
+from .search_model_gdas import TinyNetworkGDAS
+from .search_model_setn import TinyNetworkSETN
+from .search_model_enas import TinyNetworkENAS
+from .search_model_random import TinyNetworkRANDOM
+from .generic_model import GenericNAS201Model
+from .genotypes import Structure as CellStructure, architectures as CellArchitectures
+
+# NASNet-based macro structure
+from .search_model_gdas_nasnet import NASNetworkGDAS
+from .search_model_gdas_frc_nasnet import NASNetworkGDAS_FRC
+from .search_model_darts_nasnet import NASNetworkDARTS
+
+
+nas201_super_nets = {
+    "DARTS-V1": TinyNetworkDarts,
+    "DARTS-V2": TinyNetworkDarts,
+    "GDAS": TinyNetworkGDAS,
+    "SETN": TinyNetworkSETN,
+    "ENAS": TinyNetworkENAS,
+    "RANDOM": TinyNetworkRANDOM,
+    "generic": GenericNAS201Model,
+}
+
+nasnet_super_nets = {
+    "GDAS": NASNetworkGDAS,
+    "GDAS_FRC": NASNetworkGDAS_FRC,
+    "DARTS": NASNetworkDARTS,
+}
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/_test_module.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/_test_module.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cd6fbfb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/_test_module.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+import torch
+from search_model_enas_utils import Controller
+
+
+def main():
+    controller = Controller(6, 4)
+    predictions = controller()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/generic_model.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/generic_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bbbbb1f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/generic_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2020.07 #
+#####################################################
+import torch, random
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from typing import Text
+from torch.distributions.categorical import Categorical
+
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock, drop_path
+from .search_cells import NAS201SearchCell as SearchCell
+from .genotypes import Structure
+
+
+class Controller(nn.Module):
+    # we refer to https://github.com/TDeVries/enas_pytorch/blob/master/models/controller.py
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        edge2index,
+        op_names,
+        max_nodes,
+        lstm_size=32,
+        lstm_num_layers=2,
+        tanh_constant=2.5,
+        temperature=5.0,
+    ):
+        super(Controller, self).__init__()
+        # assign the attributes
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.num_edge = len(edge2index)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.num_ops = len(op_names)
+        self.op_names = op_names
+        self.lstm_size = lstm_size
+        self.lstm_N = lstm_num_layers
+        self.tanh_constant = tanh_constant
+        self.temperature = temperature
+        # create parameters
+        self.register_parameter(
+            "input_vars", nn.Parameter(torch.Tensor(1, 1, lstm_size))
+        )
+        self.w_lstm = nn.LSTM(
+            input_size=self.lstm_size,
+            hidden_size=self.lstm_size,
+            num_layers=self.lstm_N,
+        )
+        self.w_embd = nn.Embedding(self.num_ops, self.lstm_size)
+        self.w_pred = nn.Linear(self.lstm_size, self.num_ops)
+
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.input_vars, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_lstm.weight_hh_l0, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_lstm.weight_ih_l0, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_embd.weight, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_pred.weight, -0.1, 0.1)
+
+    def convert_structure(self, _arch):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                op_index = _arch[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                op_name = self.op_names[op_index]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def forward(self):
+
+        inputs, h0 = self.input_vars, None
+        log_probs, entropys, sampled_arch = [], [], []
+        for iedge in range(self.num_edge):
+            outputs, h0 = self.w_lstm(inputs, h0)
+
+            logits = self.w_pred(outputs)
+            logits = logits / self.temperature
+            logits = self.tanh_constant * torch.tanh(logits)
+            # distribution
+            op_distribution = Categorical(logits=logits)
+            op_index = op_distribution.sample()
+            sampled_arch.append(op_index.item())
+
+            op_log_prob = op_distribution.log_prob(op_index)
+            log_probs.append(op_log_prob.view(-1))
+            op_entropy = op_distribution.entropy()
+            entropys.append(op_entropy.view(-1))
+
+            # obtain the input embedding for the next step
+            inputs = self.w_embd(op_index)
+        return (
+            torch.sum(torch.cat(log_probs)),
+            torch.sum(torch.cat(entropys)),
+            self.convert_structure(sampled_arch),
+        )
+
+
+class GenericNAS201Model(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(GenericNAS201Model, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self._max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self._stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+        C_prev, num_edge, edge2index = C, None, None
+        self._cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2)
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    1,
+                    max_nodes,
+                    search_space,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+                if num_edge is None:
+                    num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+                else:
+                    assert (
+                        num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                    ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self._cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self._op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self._cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(
+                C_prev, affine=affine, track_running_stats=track_running_stats
+            ),
+            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
+        )
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self._num_edge = num_edge
+        # algorithm related
+        self.arch_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self._mode = None
+        self.dynamic_cell = None
+        self._tau = None
+        self._algo = None
+        self._drop_path = None
+        self.verbose = False
+
+    def set_algo(self, algo: Text):
+        # used for searching
+        assert self._algo is None, "This functioin can only be called once."
+        self._algo = algo
+        if algo == "enas":
+            self.controller = Controller(
+                self.edge2index, self._op_names, self._max_nodes
+            )
+        else:
+            self.arch_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+                1e-3 * torch.randn(self._num_edge, len(self._op_names))
+            )
+            if algo == "gdas":
+                self._tau = 10
+
+    def set_cal_mode(self, mode, dynamic_cell=None):
+        assert mode in ["gdas", "enas", "urs", "joint", "select", "dynamic"]
+        self._mode = mode
+        if mode == "dynamic":
+            self.dynamic_cell = deepcopy(dynamic_cell)
+        else:
+            self.dynamic_cell = None
+
+    def set_drop_path(self, progress, drop_path_rate):
+        if drop_path_rate is None:
+            self._drop_path = None
+        elif progress is None:
+            self._drop_path = drop_path_rate
+        else:
+            self._drop_path = progress * drop_path_rate
+
+    @property
+    def mode(self):
+        return self._mode
+
+    @property
+    def drop_path(self):
+        return self._drop_path
+
+    @property
+    def weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self._stem.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self._cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.global_pooling.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def set_tau(self, tau):
+        self._tau = tau
+
+    @property
+    def tau(self):
+        return self._tau
+
+    @property
+    def alphas(self):
+        if self._algo == "enas":
+            return list(self.controller.parameters())
+        else:
+            return [self.arch_parameters]
+
+    @property
+    def message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self._cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self._cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def show_alphas(self):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            if self._algo == "enas":
+                return "w_pred :\n{:}".format(self.controller.w_pred.weight)
+            else:
+                return "arch-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                    nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+                )
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, Max-Nodes={_max_nodes}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer}, alg={_algo})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def genotype(self):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, self._max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                with torch.no_grad():
+                    weights = self.arch_parameters[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_name = self._op_names[weights.argmax().item()]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def dync_genotype(self, use_random=False):
+        genotypes = []
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            alphas_cpu = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+        for i in range(1, self._max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                if use_random:
+                    op_name = random.choice(self._op_names)
+                else:
+                    weights = alphas_cpu[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_index = torch.multinomial(weights, 1).item()
+                    op_name = self._op_names[op_index]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def get_log_prob(self, arch):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            logits = nn.functional.log_softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+        select_logits = []
+        for i, node_info in enumerate(arch.nodes):
+            for op, xin in node_info:
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i + 1, xin)
+                op_index = self._op_names.index(op)
+                select_logits.append(logits[self.edge2index[node_str], op_index])
+        return sum(select_logits).item()
+
+    def return_topK(self, K, use_random=False):
+        archs = Structure.gen_all(self._op_names, self._max_nodes, False)
+        pairs = [(self.get_log_prob(arch), arch) for arch in archs]
+        if K < 0 or K >= len(archs):
+            K = len(archs)
+        if use_random:
+            return random.sample(archs, K)
+        else:
+            sorted_pairs = sorted(pairs, key=lambda x: -x[0])
+            return_pairs = [sorted_pairs[_][1] for _ in range(K)]
+            return return_pairs
+
+    def normalize_archp(self):
+        if self.mode == "gdas":
+            while True:
+                gumbels = -torch.empty_like(self.arch_parameters).exponential_().log()
+                logits = (self.arch_parameters.log_softmax(dim=1) + gumbels) / self.tau
+                probs = nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim=1)
+                index = probs.max(-1, keepdim=True)[1]
+                one_h = torch.zeros_like(logits).scatter_(-1, index, 1.0)
+                hardwts = one_h - probs.detach() + probs
+                if (
+                    (torch.isinf(gumbels).any())
+                    or (torch.isinf(probs).any())
+                    or (torch.isnan(probs).any())
+                ):
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    break
+            with torch.no_grad():
+                hardwts_cpu = hardwts.detach().cpu()
+            return hardwts, hardwts_cpu, index, "GUMBEL"
+        else:
+            alphas = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+            index = alphas.max(-1, keepdim=True)[1]
+            with torch.no_grad():
+                alphas_cpu = alphas.detach().cpu()
+            return alphas, alphas_cpu, index, "SOFTMAX"
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        alphas, alphas_cpu, index, verbose_str = self.normalize_archp()
+        feature = self._stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self._cells):
+            if isinstance(cell, SearchCell):
+                if self.mode == "urs":
+                    feature = cell.forward_urs(feature)
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        verbose_str += "-forward_urs"
+                elif self.mode == "select":
+                    feature = cell.forward_select(feature, alphas_cpu)
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        verbose_str += "-forward_select"
+                elif self.mode == "joint":
+                    feature = cell.forward_joint(feature, alphas)
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        verbose_str += "-forward_joint"
+                elif self.mode == "dynamic":
+                    feature = cell.forward_dynamic(feature, self.dynamic_cell)
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        verbose_str += "-forward_dynamic"
+                elif self.mode == "gdas":
+                    feature = cell.forward_gdas(feature, alphas, index)
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        verbose_str += "-forward_gdas"
+                elif self.mode == "gdas_v1":
+                    feature = cell.forward_gdas_v1(feature, alphas, index)
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        verbose_str += "-forward_gdas_v1"
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("invalid mode={:}".format(self.mode))
+            else:
+                feature = cell(feature)
+            if self.drop_path is not None:
+                feature = drop_path(feature, self.drop_path)
+        if self.verbose and random.random() < 0.001:
+            print(verbose_str)
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/genotypes.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/genotypes.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eaf08547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/genotypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+
+def get_combination(space, num):
+    combs = []
+    for i in range(num):
+        if i == 0:
+            for func in space:
+                combs.append([(func, i)])
+        else:
+            new_combs = []
+            for string in combs:
+                for func in space:
+                    xstring = string + [(func, i)]
+                    new_combs.append(xstring)
+            combs = new_combs
+    return combs
+
+
+class Structure:
+    def __init__(self, genotype):
+        assert isinstance(genotype, list) or isinstance(
+            genotype, tuple
+        ), "invalid class of genotype : {:}".format(type(genotype))
+        self.node_num = len(genotype) + 1
+        self.nodes = []
+        self.node_N = []
+        for idx, node_info in enumerate(genotype):
+            assert isinstance(node_info, list) or isinstance(
+                node_info, tuple
+            ), "invalid class of node_info : {:}".format(type(node_info))
+            assert len(node_info) >= 1, "invalid length : {:}".format(len(node_info))
+            for node_in in node_info:
+                assert isinstance(node_in, list) or isinstance(
+                    node_in, tuple
+                ), "invalid class of in-node : {:}".format(type(node_in))
+                assert (
+                    len(node_in) == 2 and node_in[1] <= idx
+                ), "invalid in-node : {:}".format(node_in)
+            self.node_N.append(len(node_info))
+            self.nodes.append(tuple(deepcopy(node_info)))
+
+    def tolist(self, remove_str):
+        # convert this class to the list, if remove_str is 'none', then remove the 'none' operation.
+        # note that we re-order the input node in this function
+        # return the-genotype-list and success [if unsuccess, it is not a connectivity]
+        genotypes = []
+        for node_info in self.nodes:
+            node_info = list(node_info)
+            node_info = sorted(node_info, key=lambda x: (x[1], x[0]))
+            node_info = tuple(filter(lambda x: x[0] != remove_str, node_info))
+            if len(node_info) == 0:
+                return None, False
+            genotypes.append(node_info)
+        return genotypes, True
+
+    def node(self, index):
+        assert index > 0 and index <= len(self), "invalid index={:} < {:}".format(
+            index, len(self)
+        )
+        return self.nodes[index]
+
+    def tostr(self):
+        strings = []
+        for node_info in self.nodes:
+            string = "|".join([x[0] + "~{:}".format(x[1]) for x in node_info])
+            string = "|{:}|".format(string)
+            strings.append(string)
+        return "+".join(strings)
+
+    def check_valid(self):
+        nodes = {0: True}
+        for i, node_info in enumerate(self.nodes):
+            sums = []
+            for op, xin in node_info:
+                if op == "none" or nodes[xin] is False:
+                    x = False
+                else:
+                    x = True
+                sums.append(x)
+            nodes[i + 1] = sum(sums) > 0
+        return nodes[len(self.nodes)]
+
+    def to_unique_str(self, consider_zero=False):
+        # this is used to identify the isomorphic cell, which rerquires the prior knowledge of operation
+        # two operations are special, i.e., none and skip_connect
+        nodes = {0: "0"}
+        for i_node, node_info in enumerate(self.nodes):
+            cur_node = []
+            for op, xin in node_info:
+                if consider_zero is None:
+                    x = "(" + nodes[xin] + ")" + "@{:}".format(op)
+                elif consider_zero:
+                    if op == "none" or nodes[xin] == "#":
+                        x = "#"  # zero
+                    elif op == "skip_connect":
+                        x = nodes[xin]
+                    else:
+                        x = "(" + nodes[xin] + ")" + "@{:}".format(op)
+                else:
+                    if op == "skip_connect":
+                        x = nodes[xin]
+                    else:
+                        x = "(" + nodes[xin] + ")" + "@{:}".format(op)
+                cur_node.append(x)
+            nodes[i_node + 1] = "+".join(sorted(cur_node))
+        return nodes[len(self.nodes)]
+
+    def check_valid_op(self, op_names):
+        for node_info in self.nodes:
+            for inode_edge in node_info:
+                # assert inode_edge[0] in op_names, 'invalid op-name : {:}'.format(inode_edge[0])
+                if inode_edge[0] not in op_names:
+                    return False
+        return True
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{name}({node_num} nodes with {node_info})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, node_info=self.tostr(), **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.nodes) + 1
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self.nodes[index]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def str2structure(xstr):
+        if isinstance(xstr, Structure):
+            return xstr
+        assert isinstance(xstr, str), "must take string (not {:}) as input".format(
+            type(xstr)
+        )
+        nodestrs = xstr.split("+")
+        genotypes = []
+        for i, node_str in enumerate(nodestrs):
+            inputs = list(filter(lambda x: x != "", node_str.split("|")))
+            for xinput in inputs:
+                assert len(xinput.split("~")) == 2, "invalid input length : {:}".format(
+                    xinput
+                )
+            inputs = (xi.split("~") for xi in inputs)
+            input_infos = tuple((op, int(IDX)) for (op, IDX) in inputs)
+            genotypes.append(input_infos)
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def str2fullstructure(xstr, default_name="none"):
+        assert isinstance(xstr, str), "must take string (not {:}) as input".format(
+            type(xstr)
+        )
+        nodestrs = xstr.split("+")
+        genotypes = []
+        for i, node_str in enumerate(nodestrs):
+            inputs = list(filter(lambda x: x != "", node_str.split("|")))
+            for xinput in inputs:
+                assert len(xinput.split("~")) == 2, "invalid input length : {:}".format(
+                    xinput
+                )
+            inputs = (xi.split("~") for xi in inputs)
+            input_infos = list((op, int(IDX)) for (op, IDX) in inputs)
+            all_in_nodes = list(x[1] for x in input_infos)
+            for j in range(i):
+                if j not in all_in_nodes:
+                    input_infos.append((default_name, j))
+            node_info = sorted(input_infos, key=lambda x: (x[1], x[0]))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(node_info))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gen_all(search_space, num, return_ori):
+        assert isinstance(search_space, list) or isinstance(
+            search_space, tuple
+        ), "invalid class of search-space : {:}".format(type(search_space))
+        assert (
+            num >= 2
+        ), "There should be at least two nodes in a neural cell instead of {:}".format(
+            num
+        )
+        all_archs = get_combination(search_space, 1)
+        for i, arch in enumerate(all_archs):
+            all_archs[i] = [tuple(arch)]
+
+        for inode in range(2, num):
+            cur_nodes = get_combination(search_space, inode)
+            new_all_archs = []
+            for previous_arch in all_archs:
+                for cur_node in cur_nodes:
+                    new_all_archs.append(previous_arch + [tuple(cur_node)])
+            all_archs = new_all_archs
+        if return_ori:
+            return all_archs
+        else:
+            return [Structure(x) for x in all_archs]
+
+
+class Struct101(Structure):
+    def __init__(self, arch_id, genotype):
+        super().__init__(genotype)
+        self.arch_id = arch_id
+
+
+ResNet_CODE = Structure(
+    [
+        (("nor_conv_3x3", 0),),  # node-1
+        (("nor_conv_3x3", 1),),  # node-2
+        (("skip_connect", 0), ("skip_connect", 2)),
+    ]  # node-3
+)
+
+AllConv3x3_CODE = Structure(
+    [
+        (("nor_conv_3x3", 0),),  # node-1
+        (("nor_conv_3x3", 0), ("nor_conv_3x3", 1)),  # node-2
+        (("nor_conv_3x3", 0), ("nor_conv_3x3", 1), ("nor_conv_3x3", 2)),
+    ]  # node-3
+)
+
+AllFull_CODE = Structure(
+    [
+        (
+            ("skip_connect", 0),
+            ("nor_conv_1x1", 0),
+            ("nor_conv_3x3", 0),
+            ("avg_pool_3x3", 0),
+        ),  # node-1
+        (
+            ("skip_connect", 0),
+            ("nor_conv_1x1", 0),
+            ("nor_conv_3x3", 0),
+            ("avg_pool_3x3", 0),
+            ("skip_connect", 1),
+            ("nor_conv_1x1", 1),
+            ("nor_conv_3x3", 1),
+            ("avg_pool_3x3", 1),
+        ),  # node-2
+        (
+            ("skip_connect", 0),
+            ("nor_conv_1x1", 0),
+            ("nor_conv_3x3", 0),
+            ("avg_pool_3x3", 0),
+            ("skip_connect", 1),
+            ("nor_conv_1x1", 1),
+            ("nor_conv_3x3", 1),
+            ("avg_pool_3x3", 1),
+            ("skip_connect", 2),
+            ("nor_conv_1x1", 2),
+            ("nor_conv_3x3", 2),
+            ("avg_pool_3x3", 2),
+        ),
+    ]  # node-3
+)
+
+AllConv1x1_CODE = Structure(
+    [
+        (("nor_conv_1x1", 0),),  # node-1
+        (("nor_conv_1x1", 0), ("nor_conv_1x1", 1)),  # node-2
+        (("nor_conv_1x1", 0), ("nor_conv_1x1", 1), ("nor_conv_1x1", 2)),
+    ]  # node-3
+)
+
+AllIdentity_CODE = Structure(
+    [
+        (("skip_connect", 0),),  # node-1
+        (("skip_connect", 0), ("skip_connect", 1)),  # node-2
+        (("skip_connect", 0), ("skip_connect", 1), ("skip_connect", 2)),
+    ]  # node-3
+)
+
+architectures = {
+    "resnet": ResNet_CODE,
+    "all_c3x3": AllConv3x3_CODE,
+    "all_c1x1": AllConv1x1_CODE,
+    "all_idnt": AllIdentity_CODE,
+    "all_full": AllFull_CODE,
+}
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_cells.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_cells.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6be7c529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_cells.py
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+import math, random, torch
+import warnings
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from copy import deepcopy
+from ..cell_operations import OPS
+
+
+# This module is used for NAS-Bench-201, represents a small search space with a complete DAG
+class NAS201SearchCell(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C_in,
+        C_out,
+        stride,
+        max_nodes,
+        op_names,
+        affine=False,
+        track_running_stats=True,
+    ):
+        super(NAS201SearchCell, self).__init__()
+
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(op_names)
+        self.edges = nn.ModuleDict()
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.in_dim = C_in
+        self.out_dim = C_out
+        for i in range(1, max_nodes):
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                if j == 0:
+                    xlists = [
+                        OPS[op_name](C_in, C_out, stride, affine, track_running_stats)
+                        for op_name in op_names
+                    ]
+                else:
+                    xlists = [
+                        OPS[op_name](C_in, C_out, 1, affine, track_running_stats)
+                        for op_name in op_names
+                    ]
+                self.edges[node_str] = nn.ModuleList(xlists)
+        self.edge_keys = sorted(list(self.edges.keys()))
+        self.edge2index = {key: i for i, key in enumerate(self.edge_keys)}
+        self.num_edges = len(self.edges)
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        string = "info :: {max_nodes} nodes, inC={in_dim}, outC={out_dim}".format(
+            **self.__dict__
+        )
+        return string
+
+    def forward(self, inputs, weightss):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                weights = weightss[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                inter_nodes.append(
+                    sum(
+                        layer(nodes[j]) * w
+                        for layer, w in zip(self.edges[node_str], weights)
+                    )
+                )
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+    # GDAS
+    def forward_gdas(self, inputs, hardwts, index):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                weights = hardwts[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                argmaxs = index[self.edge2index[node_str]].item()
+                weigsum = sum(
+                    weights[_ie] * edge(nodes[j]) if _ie == argmaxs else weights[_ie]
+                    for _ie, edge in enumerate(self.edges[node_str])
+                )
+                inter_nodes.append(weigsum)
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+    # GDAS Variant: https://github.com/D-X-Y/AutoDL-Projects/issues/119
+    def forward_gdas_v1(self, inputs, hardwts, index):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                weights = hardwts[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                argmaxs = index[self.edge2index[node_str]].item()
+                weigsum = weights[argmaxs] * self.edges[node_str](nodes[j])
+                inter_nodes.append(weigsum)
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+    # joint
+    def forward_joint(self, inputs, weightss):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                weights = weightss[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                # aggregation = sum( layer(nodes[j]) * w for layer, w in zip(self.edges[node_str], weights) ) / weights.numel()
+                aggregation = sum(
+                    layer(nodes[j]) * w
+                    for layer, w in zip(self.edges[node_str], weights)
+                )
+                inter_nodes.append(aggregation)
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+    # uniform random sampling per iteration, SETN
+    def forward_urs(self, inputs):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            while True:  # to avoid select zero for all ops
+                sops, has_non_zero = [], False
+                for j in range(i):
+                    node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                    candidates = self.edges[node_str]
+                    select_op = random.choice(candidates)
+                    sops.append(select_op)
+                    if not hasattr(select_op, "is_zero") or select_op.is_zero is False:
+                        has_non_zero = True
+                if has_non_zero:
+                    break
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for j, select_op in enumerate(sops):
+                inter_nodes.append(select_op(nodes[j]))
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+    # select the argmax
+    def forward_select(self, inputs, weightss):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                weights = weightss[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                inter_nodes.append(
+                    self.edges[node_str][weights.argmax().item()](nodes[j])
+                )
+                # inter_nodes.append( sum( layer(nodes[j]) * w for layer, w in zip(self.edges[node_str], weights) ) )
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+    # forward with a specific structure
+    def forward_dynamic(self, inputs, structure):
+        nodes = [inputs]
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            cur_op_node = structure.nodes[i - 1]
+            inter_nodes = []
+            for op_name, j in cur_op_node:
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                op_index = self.op_names.index(op_name)
+                inter_nodes.append(self.edges[node_str][op_index](nodes[j]))
+            nodes.append(sum(inter_nodes))
+        return nodes[-1]
+
+
+# Learning Transferable Architectures for Scalable Image Recognition, CVPR 2018
+
+
+class MixedOp(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, space, C, stride, affine, track_running_stats):
+        super(MixedOp, self).__init__()
+        self._ops = nn.ModuleList()
+        for primitive in space:
+            op = OPS[primitive](C, C, stride, affine, track_running_stats)
+            self._ops.append(op)
+
+    def forward_gdas(self, x, weights, index):
+        return self._ops[index](x) * weights[index]
+
+    def forward_darts(self, x, weights):
+        return sum(w * op(x) for w, op in zip(weights, self._ops))
+
+
+class NASNetSearchCell(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        space,
+        steps,
+        multiplier,
+        C_prev_prev,
+        C_prev,
+        C,
+        reduction,
+        reduction_prev,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetSearchCell, self).__init__()
+        self.reduction = reduction
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(space)
+        if reduction_prev:
+            self.preprocess0 = OPS["skip_connect"](
+                C_prev_prev, C, 2, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        else:
+            self.preprocess0 = OPS["nor_conv_1x1"](
+                C_prev_prev, C, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+            )
+        self.preprocess1 = OPS["nor_conv_1x1"](
+            C_prev, C, 1, affine, track_running_stats
+        )
+        self._steps = steps
+        self._multiplier = multiplier
+
+        self._ops = nn.ModuleList()
+        self.edges = nn.ModuleDict()
+        for i in range(self._steps):
+            for j in range(2 + i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(
+                    i, j
+                )  # indicate the edge from node-(j) to node-(i+2)
+                stride = 2 if reduction and j < 2 else 1
+                op = MixedOp(space, C, stride, affine, track_running_stats)
+                self.edges[node_str] = op
+        self.edge_keys = sorted(list(self.edges.keys()))
+        self.edge2index = {key: i for i, key in enumerate(self.edge_keys)}
+        self.num_edges = len(self.edges)
+
+    @property
+    def multiplier(self):
+        return self._multiplier
+
+    def forward_gdas(self, s0, s1, weightss, indexs):
+        s0 = self.preprocess0(s0)
+        s1 = self.preprocess1(s1)
+
+        states = [s0, s1]
+        for i in range(self._steps):
+            clist = []
+            for j, h in enumerate(states):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                op = self.edges[node_str]
+                weights = weightss[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                index = indexs[self.edge2index[node_str]].item()
+                clist.append(op.forward_gdas(h, weights, index))
+            states.append(sum(clist))
+
+        return torch.cat(states[-self._multiplier :], dim=1)
+
+    def forward_darts(self, s0, s1, weightss):
+        s0 = self.preprocess0(s0)
+        s1 = self.preprocess1(s1)
+
+        states = [s0, s1]
+        for i in range(self._steps):
+            clist = []
+            for j, h in enumerate(states):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                op = self.edges[node_str]
+                weights = weightss[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                clist.append(op.forward_darts(h, weights))
+            states.append(sum(clist))
+
+        return torch.cat(states[-self._multiplier :], dim=1)
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..31041b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+########################################################
+# DARTS: Differentiable Architecture Search, ICLR 2019 #
+########################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from .search_cells import NAS201SearchCell as SearchCell
+from .genotypes import Structure
+
+
+class TinyNetworkDarts(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(TinyNetworkDarts, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        C_prev, num_edge, edge2index = C, None, None
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2)
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    1,
+                    max_nodes,
+                    search_space,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+                if num_edge is None:
+                    num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+                else:
+                    assert (
+                        num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                    ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+
+    def get_weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def get_alphas(self):
+        return [self.arch_parameters]
+
+    def show_alphas(self):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            return "arch-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, Max-Nodes={max_nodes}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def genotype(self):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                with torch.no_grad():
+                    weights = self.arch_parameters[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_name = self.op_names[weights.argmax().item()]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        alphas = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if isinstance(cell, SearchCell):
+                feature = cell(feature, alphas)
+            else:
+                feature = cell(feature)
+
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts_nasnet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts_nasnet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7cfdb478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_darts_nasnet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+####################
+# DARTS, ICLR 2019 #
+####################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from typing import List, Text, Dict
+from .search_cells import NASNetSearchCell as SearchCell
+
+
+# The macro structure is based on NASNet
+class NASNetworkDARTS(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C: int,
+        N: int,
+        steps: int,
+        multiplier: int,
+        stem_multiplier: int,
+        num_classes: int,
+        search_space: List[Text],
+        affine: bool,
+        track_running_stats: bool,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetworkDARTS, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self._steps = steps
+        self._multiplier = multiplier
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C * stem_multiplier, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C * stem_multiplier),
+        )
+
+        # config for each layer
+        layer_channels = (
+            [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * (N - 1) + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * (N - 1)
+        )
+        layer_reductions = (
+            [False] * N + [True] + [False] * (N - 1) + [True] + [False] * (N - 1)
+        )
+
+        num_edge, edge2index = None, None
+        C_prev_prev, C_prev, C_curr, reduction_prev = (
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C,
+            False,
+        )
+
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            cell = SearchCell(
+                search_space,
+                steps,
+                multiplier,
+                C_prev_prev,
+                C_prev,
+                C_curr,
+                reduction,
+                reduction_prev,
+                affine,
+                track_running_stats,
+            )
+            if num_edge is None:
+                num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+            else:
+                assert (
+                    num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev_prev, C_prev, reduction_prev = C_prev, multiplier * C_curr, reduction
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_normal_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.arch_reduce_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+
+    def get_weights(self) -> List[torch.nn.Parameter]:
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def get_alphas(self) -> List[torch.nn.Parameter]:
+        return [self.arch_normal_parameters, self.arch_reduce_parameters]
+
+    def show_alphas(self) -> Text:
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            A = "arch-normal-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+            B = "arch-reduce-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+        return "{:}\n{:}".format(A, B)
+
+    def get_message(self) -> Text:
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self) -> Text:
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, N={_layerN}, steps={_steps}, multiplier={_multiplier}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def genotype(self) -> Dict[Text, List]:
+        def _parse(weights):
+            gene = []
+            for i in range(self._steps):
+                edges = []
+                for j in range(2 + i):
+                    node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                    ws = weights[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    for k, op_name in enumerate(self.op_names):
+                        if op_name == "none":
+                            continue
+                        edges.append((op_name, j, ws[k]))
+                # (TODO) xuanyidong:
+                # Here the selected two edges might come from the same input node.
+                # And this case could be a problem that two edges will collapse into a single one
+                # due to our assumption -- at most one edge from an input node during evaluation.
+                edges = sorted(edges, key=lambda x: -x[-1])
+                selected_edges = edges[:2]
+                gene.append(tuple(selected_edges))
+            return gene
+
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            gene_normal = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+            gene_reduce = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+        return {
+            "normal": gene_normal,
+            "normal_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+            "reduce": gene_reduce,
+            "reduce_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+        }
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        normal_w = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=1)
+        reduce_w = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=1)
+
+        s0 = s1 = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if cell.reduction:
+                ww = reduce_w
+            else:
+                ww = normal_w
+            s0, s1 = s1, cell.forward_darts(s0, s1, ww)
+        out = self.lastact(s1)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7ba91d48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##########################################################################
+# Efficient Neural Architecture Search via Parameters Sharing, ICML 2018 #
+##########################################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from .search_cells import NAS201SearchCell as SearchCell
+from .genotypes import Structure
+from .search_model_enas_utils import Controller
+
+
+class TinyNetworkENAS(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(TinyNetworkENAS, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        C_prev, num_edge, edge2index = C, None, None
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2)
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    1,
+                    max_nodes,
+                    search_space,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+                if num_edge is None:
+                    num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+                else:
+                    assert (
+                        num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                    ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        # to maintain the sampled architecture
+        self.sampled_arch = None
+
+    def update_arch(self, _arch):
+        if _arch is None:
+            self.sampled_arch = None
+        elif isinstance(_arch, Structure):
+            self.sampled_arch = _arch
+        elif isinstance(_arch, (list, tuple)):
+            genotypes = []
+            for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+                xlist = []
+                for j in range(i):
+                    node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                    op_index = _arch[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_name = self.op_names[op_index]
+                    xlist.append((op_name, j))
+                genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+            self.sampled_arch = Structure(genotypes)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid type of input architecture : {:}".format(_arch))
+        return self.sampled_arch
+
+    def create_controller(self):
+        return Controller(len(self.edge2index), len(self.op_names))
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, Max-Nodes={max_nodes}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if isinstance(cell, SearchCell):
+                feature = cell.forward_dynamic(feature, self.sampled_arch)
+            else:
+                feature = cell(feature)
+
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas_utils.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..71d5d0fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_enas_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##########################################################################
+# Efficient Neural Architecture Search via Parameters Sharing, ICML 2018 #
+##########################################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from torch.distributions.categorical import Categorical
+
+
+class Controller(nn.Module):
+    # we refer to https://github.com/TDeVries/enas_pytorch/blob/master/models/controller.py
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        num_edge,
+        num_ops,
+        lstm_size=32,
+        lstm_num_layers=2,
+        tanh_constant=2.5,
+        temperature=5.0,
+    ):
+        super(Controller, self).__init__()
+        # assign the attributes
+        self.num_edge = num_edge
+        self.num_ops = num_ops
+        self.lstm_size = lstm_size
+        self.lstm_N = lstm_num_layers
+        self.tanh_constant = tanh_constant
+        self.temperature = temperature
+        # create parameters
+        self.register_parameter(
+            "input_vars", nn.Parameter(torch.Tensor(1, 1, lstm_size))
+        )
+        self.w_lstm = nn.LSTM(
+            input_size=self.lstm_size,
+            hidden_size=self.lstm_size,
+            num_layers=self.lstm_N,
+        )
+        self.w_embd = nn.Embedding(self.num_ops, self.lstm_size)
+        self.w_pred = nn.Linear(self.lstm_size, self.num_ops)
+
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.input_vars, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_lstm.weight_hh_l0, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_lstm.weight_ih_l0, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_embd.weight, -0.1, 0.1)
+        nn.init.uniform_(self.w_pred.weight, -0.1, 0.1)
+
+    def forward(self):
+
+        inputs, h0 = self.input_vars, None
+        log_probs, entropys, sampled_arch = [], [], []
+        for iedge in range(self.num_edge):
+            outputs, h0 = self.w_lstm(inputs, h0)
+
+            logits = self.w_pred(outputs)
+            logits = logits / self.temperature
+            logits = self.tanh_constant * torch.tanh(logits)
+            # distribution
+            op_distribution = Categorical(logits=logits)
+            op_index = op_distribution.sample()
+            sampled_arch.append(op_index.item())
+
+            op_log_prob = op_distribution.log_prob(op_index)
+            log_probs.append(op_log_prob.view(-1))
+            op_entropy = op_distribution.entropy()
+            entropys.append(op_entropy.view(-1))
+
+            # obtain the input embedding for the next step
+            inputs = self.w_embd(op_index)
+        return (
+            torch.sum(torch.cat(log_probs)),
+            torch.sum(torch.cat(entropys)),
+            sampled_arch,
+        )
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..82f7b9a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+###########################################################################
+# Searching for A Robust Neural Architecture in Four GPU Hours, CVPR 2019 #
+###########################################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from .search_cells import NAS201SearchCell as SearchCell
+from .genotypes import Structure
+
+
+class TinyNetworkGDAS(nn.Module):
+
+    # def __init__(self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine=False, track_running_stats=True):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(TinyNetworkGDAS, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        C_prev, num_edge, edge2index = C, None, None
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2)
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    1,
+                    max_nodes,
+                    search_space,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+                if num_edge is None:
+                    num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+                else:
+                    assert (
+                        num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                    ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.tau = 10
+
+    def get_weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def set_tau(self, tau):
+        self.tau = tau
+
+    def get_tau(self):
+        return self.tau
+
+    def get_alphas(self):
+        return [self.arch_parameters]
+
+    def show_alphas(self):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            return "arch-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, Max-Nodes={max_nodes}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def genotype(self):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                with torch.no_grad():
+                    weights = self.arch_parameters[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_name = self.op_names[weights.argmax().item()]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        while True:
+            gumbels = -torch.empty_like(self.arch_parameters).exponential_().log()
+            logits = (self.arch_parameters.log_softmax(dim=1) + gumbels) / self.tau
+            probs = nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim=1)
+            index = probs.max(-1, keepdim=True)[1]
+            one_h = torch.zeros_like(logits).scatter_(-1, index, 1.0)
+            hardwts = one_h - probs.detach() + probs
+            if (
+                (torch.isinf(gumbels).any())
+                or (torch.isinf(probs).any())
+                or (torch.isnan(probs).any())
+            ):
+                continue
+            else:
+                break
+
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if isinstance(cell, SearchCell):
+                feature = cell.forward_gdas(feature, hardwts, index)
+            else:
+                feature = cell(feature)
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_frc_nasnet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_frc_nasnet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9ca5ce75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_frc_nasnet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+###########################################################################
+# Searching for A Robust Neural Architecture in Four GPU Hours, CVPR 2019 #
+###########################################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+from .search_cells import NASNetSearchCell as SearchCell
+from ..cell_operations import RAW_OP_CLASSES
+
+
+# The macro structure is based on NASNet
+class NASNetworkGDAS_FRC(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C,
+        N,
+        steps,
+        multiplier,
+        stem_multiplier,
+        num_classes,
+        search_space,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetworkGDAS_FRC, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self._steps = steps
+        self._multiplier = multiplier
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C * stem_multiplier, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C * stem_multiplier),
+        )
+
+        # config for each layer
+        layer_channels = (
+            [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * (N - 1) + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * (N - 1)
+        )
+        layer_reductions = (
+            [False] * N + [True] + [False] * (N - 1) + [True] + [False] * (N - 1)
+        )
+
+        num_edge, edge2index = None, None
+        C_prev_prev, C_prev, C_curr, reduction_prev = (
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C,
+            False,
+        )
+
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = RAW_OP_CLASSES["gdas_reduction"](
+                    C_prev_prev,
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    reduction_prev,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    search_space,
+                    steps,
+                    multiplier,
+                    C_prev_prev,
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    reduction,
+                    reduction_prev,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+            if num_edge is None:
+                num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+            else:
+                assert (
+                    reduction
+                    or num_edge == cell.num_edges
+                    and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev_prev, C_prev, reduction_prev = (
+                C_prev,
+                cell.multiplier * C_curr,
+                reduction,
+            )
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.tau = 10
+
+    def get_weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def set_tau(self, tau):
+        self.tau = tau
+
+    def get_tau(self):
+        return self.tau
+
+    def get_alphas(self):
+        return [self.arch_parameters]
+
+    def show_alphas(self):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            A = "arch-normal-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+        return "{:}".format(A)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, N={_layerN}, steps={_steps}, multiplier={_multiplier}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def genotype(self):
+        def _parse(weights):
+            gene = []
+            for i in range(self._steps):
+                edges = []
+                for j in range(2 + i):
+                    node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                    ws = weights[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    for k, op_name in enumerate(self.op_names):
+                        if op_name == "none":
+                            continue
+                        edges.append((op_name, j, ws[k]))
+                edges = sorted(edges, key=lambda x: -x[-1])
+                selected_edges = edges[:2]
+                gene.append(tuple(selected_edges))
+            return gene
+
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            gene_normal = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+        return {
+            "normal": gene_normal,
+            "normal_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+        }
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        def get_gumbel_prob(xins):
+            while True:
+                gumbels = -torch.empty_like(xins).exponential_().log()
+                logits = (xins.log_softmax(dim=1) + gumbels) / self.tau
+                probs = nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim=1)
+                index = probs.max(-1, keepdim=True)[1]
+                one_h = torch.zeros_like(logits).scatter_(-1, index, 1.0)
+                hardwts = one_h - probs.detach() + probs
+                if (
+                    (torch.isinf(gumbels).any())
+                    or (torch.isinf(probs).any())
+                    or (torch.isnan(probs).any())
+                ):
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    break
+            return hardwts, index
+
+        hardwts, index = get_gumbel_prob(self.arch_parameters)
+
+        s0 = s1 = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if cell.reduction:
+                s0, s1 = s1, cell(s0, s1)
+            else:
+                s0, s1 = s1, cell.forward_gdas(s0, s1, hardwts, index)
+        out = self.lastact(s1)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_nasnet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_nasnet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5aff5d35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_gdas_nasnet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+###########################################################################
+# Searching for A Robust Neural Architecture in Four GPU Hours, CVPR 2019 #
+###########################################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from .search_cells import NASNetSearchCell as SearchCell
+
+
+# The macro structure is based on NASNet
+class NASNetworkGDAS(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C,
+        N,
+        steps,
+        multiplier,
+        stem_multiplier,
+        num_classes,
+        search_space,
+        affine,
+        track_running_stats,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetworkGDAS, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self._steps = steps
+        self._multiplier = multiplier
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C * stem_multiplier, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C * stem_multiplier),
+        )
+
+        # config for each layer
+        layer_channels = (
+            [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * (N - 1) + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * (N - 1)
+        )
+        layer_reductions = (
+            [False] * N + [True] + [False] * (N - 1) + [True] + [False] * (N - 1)
+        )
+
+        num_edge, edge2index = None, None
+        C_prev_prev, C_prev, C_curr, reduction_prev = (
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C,
+            False,
+        )
+
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            cell = SearchCell(
+                search_space,
+                steps,
+                multiplier,
+                C_prev_prev,
+                C_prev,
+                C_curr,
+                reduction,
+                reduction_prev,
+                affine,
+                track_running_stats,
+            )
+            if num_edge is None:
+                num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+            else:
+                assert (
+                    num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev_prev, C_prev, reduction_prev = C_prev, multiplier * C_curr, reduction
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_normal_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.arch_reduce_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.tau = 10
+
+    def get_weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def set_tau(self, tau):
+        self.tau = tau
+
+    def get_tau(self):
+        return self.tau
+
+    def get_alphas(self):
+        return [self.arch_normal_parameters, self.arch_reduce_parameters]
+
+    def show_alphas(self):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            A = "arch-normal-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+            B = "arch-reduce-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+        return "{:}\n{:}".format(A, B)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, N={_layerN}, steps={_steps}, multiplier={_multiplier}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def genotype(self):
+        def _parse(weights):
+            gene = []
+            for i in range(self._steps):
+                edges = []
+                for j in range(2 + i):
+                    node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                    ws = weights[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    for k, op_name in enumerate(self.op_names):
+                        if op_name == "none":
+                            continue
+                        edges.append((op_name, j, ws[k]))
+                edges = sorted(edges, key=lambda x: -x[-1])
+                selected_edges = edges[:2]
+                gene.append(tuple(selected_edges))
+            return gene
+
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            gene_normal = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+            gene_reduce = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+        return {
+            "normal": gene_normal,
+            "normal_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+            "reduce": gene_reduce,
+            "reduce_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+        }
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        def get_gumbel_prob(xins):
+            while True:
+                gumbels = -torch.empty_like(xins).exponential_().log()
+                logits = (xins.log_softmax(dim=1) + gumbels) / self.tau
+                probs = nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim=1)
+                index = probs.max(-1, keepdim=True)[1]
+                one_h = torch.zeros_like(logits).scatter_(-1, index, 1.0)
+                hardwts = one_h - probs.detach() + probs
+                if (
+                    (torch.isinf(gumbels).any())
+                    or (torch.isinf(probs).any())
+                    or (torch.isnan(probs).any())
+                ):
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    break
+            return hardwts, index
+
+        normal_hardwts, normal_index = get_gumbel_prob(self.arch_normal_parameters)
+        reduce_hardwts, reduce_index = get_gumbel_prob(self.arch_reduce_parameters)
+
+        s0 = s1 = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if cell.reduction:
+                hardwts, index = reduce_hardwts, reduce_index
+            else:
+                hardwts, index = normal_hardwts, normal_index
+            s0, s1 = s1, cell.forward_gdas(s0, s1, hardwts, index)
+        out = self.lastact(s1)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_random.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_random.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..611dc759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_random.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##############################################################################
+# Random Search and Reproducibility for Neural Architecture Search, UAI 2019 #
+##############################################################################
+import torch, random
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from .search_cells import NAS201SearchCell as SearchCell
+from .genotypes import Structure
+
+
+class TinyNetworkRANDOM(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(TinyNetworkRANDOM, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        C_prev, num_edge, edge2index = C, None, None
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2)
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    1,
+                    max_nodes,
+                    search_space,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+                if num_edge is None:
+                    num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+                else:
+                    assert (
+                        num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                    ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_cache = None
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, Max-Nodes={max_nodes}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def random_genotype(self, set_cache):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                op_name = random.choice(self.op_names)
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        arch = Structure(genotypes)
+        if set_cache:
+            self.arch_cache = arch
+        return arch
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if isinstance(cell, SearchCell):
+                feature = cell.forward_dynamic(feature, self.arch_cache)
+            else:
+                feature = cell(feature)
+
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ce38be9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+######################################################################################
+# One-Shot Neural Architecture Search via Self-Evaluated Template Network, ICCV 2019 #
+######################################################################################
+import torch, random
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from .search_cells import NAS201SearchCell as SearchCell
+from .genotypes import Structure
+
+
+class TinyNetworkSETN(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, C, N, max_nodes, num_classes, search_space, affine, track_running_stats
+    ):
+        super(TinyNetworkSETN, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self.max_nodes = max_nodes
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(C)
+        )
+
+        layer_channels = [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * N + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        C_prev, num_edge, edge2index = C, None, None
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(C_prev, C_curr, 2)
+            else:
+                cell = SearchCell(
+                    C_prev,
+                    C_curr,
+                    1,
+                    max_nodes,
+                    search_space,
+                    affine,
+                    track_running_stats,
+                )
+                if num_edge is None:
+                    num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+                else:
+                    assert (
+                        num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                    ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.mode = "urs"
+        self.dynamic_cell = None
+
+    def set_cal_mode(self, mode, dynamic_cell=None):
+        assert mode in ["urs", "joint", "select", "dynamic"]
+        self.mode = mode
+        if mode == "dynamic":
+            self.dynamic_cell = deepcopy(dynamic_cell)
+        else:
+            self.dynamic_cell = None
+
+    def get_cal_mode(self):
+        return self.mode
+
+    def get_weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def get_alphas(self):
+        return [self.arch_parameters]
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, Max-Nodes={max_nodes}, N={_layerN}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def genotype(self):
+        genotypes = []
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                with torch.no_grad():
+                    weights = self.arch_parameters[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_name = self.op_names[weights.argmax().item()]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def dync_genotype(self, use_random=False):
+        genotypes = []
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            alphas_cpu = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                if use_random:
+                    op_name = random.choice(self.op_names)
+                else:
+                    weights = alphas_cpu[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_index = torch.multinomial(weights, 1).item()
+                    op_name = self.op_names[op_index]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def get_log_prob(self, arch):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            logits = nn.functional.log_softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+        select_logits = []
+        for i, node_info in enumerate(arch.nodes):
+            for op, xin in node_info:
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i + 1, xin)
+                op_index = self.op_names.index(op)
+                select_logits.append(logits[self.edge2index[node_str], op_index])
+        return sum(select_logits).item()
+
+    def return_topK(self, K):
+        archs = Structure.gen_all(self.op_names, self.max_nodes, False)
+        pairs = [(self.get_log_prob(arch), arch) for arch in archs]
+        if K < 0 or K >= len(archs):
+            K = len(archs)
+        sorted_pairs = sorted(pairs, key=lambda x: -x[0])
+        return_pairs = [sorted_pairs[_][1] for _ in range(K)]
+        return return_pairs
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        alphas = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            alphas_cpu = alphas.detach().cpu()
+
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            if isinstance(cell, SearchCell):
+                if self.mode == "urs":
+                    feature = cell.forward_urs(feature)
+                elif self.mode == "select":
+                    feature = cell.forward_select(feature, alphas_cpu)
+                elif self.mode == "joint":
+                    feature = cell.forward_joint(feature, alphas)
+                elif self.mode == "dynamic":
+                    feature = cell.forward_dynamic(feature, self.dynamic_cell)
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("invalid mode={:}".format(self.mode))
+            else:
+                feature = cell(feature)
+
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn_nasnet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn_nasnet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c406fc37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/cell_searchs/search_model_setn_nasnet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+######################################################################################
+# One-Shot Neural Architecture Search via Self-Evaluated Template Network, ICCV 2019 #
+######################################################################################
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from copy import deepcopy
+from typing import List, Text, Dict
+from .search_cells import NASNetSearchCell as SearchCell
+
+
+# The macro structure is based on NASNet
+class NASNetworkSETN(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        C: int,
+        N: int,
+        steps: int,
+        multiplier: int,
+        stem_multiplier: int,
+        num_classes: int,
+        search_space: List[Text],
+        affine: bool,
+        track_running_stats: bool,
+    ):
+        super(NASNetworkSETN, self).__init__()
+        self._C = C
+        self._layerN = N
+        self._steps = steps
+        self._multiplier = multiplier
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, C * stem_multiplier, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(C * stem_multiplier),
+        )
+
+        # config for each layer
+        layer_channels = (
+            [C] * N + [C * 2] + [C * 2] * (N - 1) + [C * 4] + [C * 4] * (N - 1)
+        )
+        layer_reductions = (
+            [False] * N + [True] + [False] * (N - 1) + [True] + [False] * (N - 1)
+        )
+
+        num_edge, edge2index = None, None
+        C_prev_prev, C_prev, C_curr, reduction_prev = (
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C * stem_multiplier,
+            C,
+            False,
+        )
+
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (C_curr, reduction) in enumerate(
+            zip(layer_channels, layer_reductions)
+        ):
+            cell = SearchCell(
+                search_space,
+                steps,
+                multiplier,
+                C_prev_prev,
+                C_prev,
+                C_curr,
+                reduction,
+                reduction_prev,
+                affine,
+                track_running_stats,
+            )
+            if num_edge is None:
+                num_edge, edge2index = cell.num_edges, cell.edge2index
+            else:
+                assert (
+                    num_edge == cell.num_edges and edge2index == cell.edge2index
+                ), "invalid {:} vs. {:}.".format(num_edge, cell.num_edges)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            C_prev_prev, C_prev, reduction_prev = C_prev, multiplier * C_curr, reduction
+        self.op_names = deepcopy(search_space)
+        self._Layer = len(self.cells)
+        self.edge2index = edge2index
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(C_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(C_prev, num_classes)
+        self.arch_normal_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.arch_reduce_parameters = nn.Parameter(
+            1e-3 * torch.randn(num_edge, len(search_space))
+        )
+        self.mode = "urs"
+        self.dynamic_cell = None
+
+    def set_cal_mode(self, mode, dynamic_cell=None):
+        assert mode in ["urs", "joint", "select", "dynamic"]
+        self.mode = mode
+        if mode == "dynamic":
+            self.dynamic_cell = deepcopy(dynamic_cell)
+        else:
+            self.dynamic_cell = None
+
+    def get_weights(self):
+        xlist = list(self.stem.parameters()) + list(self.cells.parameters())
+        xlist += list(self.lastact.parameters()) + list(
+            self.global_pooling.parameters()
+        )
+        xlist += list(self.classifier.parameters())
+        return xlist
+
+    def get_alphas(self):
+        return [self.arch_normal_parameters, self.arch_reduce_parameters]
+
+    def show_alphas(self):
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            A = "arch-normal-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+            B = "arch-reduce-parameters :\n{:}".format(
+                nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1).cpu()
+            )
+        return "{:}\n{:}".format(A, B)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_C}, N={_layerN}, steps={_steps}, multiplier={_multiplier}, L={_Layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def dync_genotype(self, use_random=False):
+        genotypes = []
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            alphas_cpu = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_parameters, dim=-1)
+        for i in range(1, self.max_nodes):
+            xlist = []
+            for j in range(i):
+                node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                if use_random:
+                    op_name = random.choice(self.op_names)
+                else:
+                    weights = alphas_cpu[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    op_index = torch.multinomial(weights, 1).item()
+                    op_name = self.op_names[op_index]
+                xlist.append((op_name, j))
+            genotypes.append(tuple(xlist))
+        return Structure(genotypes)
+
+    def genotype(self):
+        def _parse(weights):
+            gene = []
+            for i in range(self._steps):
+                edges = []
+                for j in range(2 + i):
+                    node_str = "{:}<-{:}".format(i, j)
+                    ws = weights[self.edge2index[node_str]]
+                    for k, op_name in enumerate(self.op_names):
+                        if op_name == "none":
+                            continue
+                        edges.append((op_name, j, ws[k]))
+                edges = sorted(edges, key=lambda x: -x[-1])
+                selected_edges = edges[:2]
+                gene.append(tuple(selected_edges))
+            return gene
+
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            gene_normal = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+            gene_reduce = _parse(
+                torch.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1).cpu().numpy()
+            )
+        return {
+            "normal": gene_normal,
+            "normal_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+            "reduce": gene_reduce,
+            "reduce_concat": list(
+                range(2 + self._steps - self._multiplier, self._steps + 2)
+            ),
+        }
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        normal_hardwts = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_normal_parameters, dim=-1)
+        reduce_hardwts = nn.functional.softmax(self.arch_reduce_parameters, dim=-1)
+
+        s0 = s1 = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            # [TODO]
+            raise NotImplementedError
+            if cell.reduction:
+                hardwts, index = reduce_hardwts, reduce_index
+            else:
+                hardwts, index = normal_hardwts, normal_index
+            s0, s1 = s1, cell.forward_gdas(s0, s1, hardwts, index)
+        out = self.lastact(s1)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/clone_weights.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/clone_weights.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9e904ac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/clone_weights.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+
+def copy_conv(module, init):
+    assert isinstance(module, nn.Conv2d), "invalid module : {:}".format(module)
+    assert isinstance(init, nn.Conv2d), "invalid module : {:}".format(init)
+    new_i, new_o = module.in_channels, module.out_channels
+    module.weight.copy_(init.weight.detach()[:new_o, :new_i])
+    if module.bias is not None:
+        module.bias.copy_(init.bias.detach()[:new_o])
+
+
+def copy_bn(module, init):
+    assert isinstance(module, nn.BatchNorm2d), "invalid module : {:}".format(module)
+    assert isinstance(init, nn.BatchNorm2d), "invalid module : {:}".format(init)
+    num_features = module.num_features
+    if module.weight is not None:
+        module.weight.copy_(init.weight.detach()[:num_features])
+    if module.bias is not None:
+        module.bias.copy_(init.bias.detach()[:num_features])
+    if module.running_mean is not None:
+        module.running_mean.copy_(init.running_mean.detach()[:num_features])
+    if module.running_var is not None:
+        module.running_var.copy_(init.running_var.detach()[:num_features])
+
+
+def copy_fc(module, init):
+    assert isinstance(module, nn.Linear), "invalid module : {:}".format(module)
+    assert isinstance(init, nn.Linear), "invalid module : {:}".format(init)
+    new_i, new_o = module.in_features, module.out_features
+    module.weight.copy_(init.weight.detach()[:new_o, :new_i])
+    if module.bias is not None:
+        module.bias.copy_(init.bias.detach()[:new_o])
+
+
+def copy_base(module, init):
+    assert type(module).__name__ in [
+        "ConvBNReLU",
+        "Downsample",
+    ], "invalid module : {:}".format(module)
+    assert type(init).__name__ in [
+        "ConvBNReLU",
+        "Downsample",
+    ], "invalid module : {:}".format(init)
+    if module.conv is not None:
+        copy_conv(module.conv, init.conv)
+    if module.bn is not None:
+        copy_bn(module.bn, init.bn)
+
+
+def copy_basic(module, init):
+    copy_base(module.conv_a, init.conv_a)
+    copy_base(module.conv_b, init.conv_b)
+    if module.downsample is not None:
+        if init.downsample is not None:
+            copy_base(module.downsample, init.downsample)
+        # else:
+        # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
+
+
+def init_from_model(network, init_model):
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        copy_fc(network.classifier, init_model.classifier)
+        for base, target in zip(init_model.layers, network.layers):
+            assert (
+                type(base).__name__ == type(target).__name__
+            ), "invalid type : {:} vs {:}".format(base, target)
+            if type(base).__name__ == "ConvBNReLU":
+                copy_base(target, base)
+            elif type(base).__name__ == "ResNetBasicblock":
+                copy_basic(target, base)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("unknown type name : {:}".format(type(base).__name__))
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/initialization.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/initialization.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e82d723a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/initialization.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+
+def initialize_resnet(m):
+    if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
+        nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode="fan_out", nonlinearity="relu")
+        if m.bias is not None:
+            nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
+    elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
+        nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
+        if m.bias is not None:
+            nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
+    elif isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
+        nn.init.normal_(m.weight, 0, 0.01)
+        nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1731392a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+
+from ..initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, nIn, nOut, kernel, stride, padding, bias, has_avg, has_bn, has_relu
+    ):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        if has_avg:
+            self.avg = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
+        else:
+            self.avg = None
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            nIn,
+            nOut,
+            kernel_size=kernel,
+            stride=stride,
+            padding=padding,
+            dilation=1,
+            groups=1,
+            bias=bias,
+        )
+        if has_bn:
+            self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(nOut)
+        else:
+            self.bn = None
+        if has_relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.avg:
+            out = self.avg(inputs)
+        else:
+            out = inputs
+        conv = self.conv(out)
+        if self.bn:
+            out = self.bn(conv)
+        else:
+            out = conv
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        else:
+            out = out
+
+        return out
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    num_conv = 2
+    expansion = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, iCs, stride):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        assert isinstance(iCs, tuple) or isinstance(
+            iCs, list
+        ), "invalid type of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        assert len(iCs) == 3, "invalid lengths of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+
+        self.conv_a = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[0],
+            iCs[1],
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_b = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[1], iCs[2], 3, 1, 1, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        residual_in = iCs[0]
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[2],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[2]
+        elif iCs[0] != iCs[2]:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[2],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        # self.out_dim  = max(residual_in, iCs[2])
+        self.out_dim = iCs[2]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + basicblock
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class ResNetBottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+    num_conv = 3
+
+    def __init__(self, iCs, stride):
+        super(ResNetBottleneck, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        assert isinstance(iCs, tuple) or isinstance(
+            iCs, list
+        ), "invalid type of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        assert len(iCs) == 4, "invalid lengths of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        self.conv_1x1 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[0], iCs[1], 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=True
+        )
+        self.conv_3x3 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[1],
+            iCs[2],
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_1x4 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[2], iCs[3], 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        residual_in = iCs[0]
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[3],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[3]
+        elif iCs[0] != iCs[3]:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[3],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[3]
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        # self.out_dim = max(residual_in, iCs[3])
+        self.out_dim = iCs[3]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x1(inputs)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_3x3(bottleneck)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x4(bottleneck)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + bottleneck
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class InferCifarResNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, block_name, depth, xblocks, xchannels, num_classes, zero_init_residual
+    ):
+        super(InferCifarResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # Model type specifies number of layers for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 model
+        if block_name == "ResNetBasicblock":
+            block = ResNetBasicblock
+            assert (depth - 2) % 6 == 0, "depth should be one of 20, 32, 44, 56, 110"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 6
+        elif block_name == "ResNetBottleneck":
+            block = ResNetBottleneck
+            assert (depth - 2) % 9 == 0, "depth should be one of 164"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 9
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block : {:}".format(block_name))
+        assert len(xblocks) == 3, "invalid xblocks : {:}".format(xblocks)
+
+        self.message = (
+            "InferWidthCifarResNet : Depth : {:} , Layers for each block : {:}".format(
+                depth, layer_blocks
+            )
+        )
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.xchannels = xchannels
+        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
+            [
+                ConvBNReLU(
+                    xchannels[0],
+                    xchannels[1],
+                    3,
+                    1,
+                    1,
+                    False,
+                    has_avg=False,
+                    has_bn=True,
+                    has_relu=True,
+                )
+            ]
+        )
+        last_channel_idx = 1
+        for stage in range(3):
+            for iL in range(layer_blocks):
+                num_conv = block.num_conv
+                iCs = self.xchannels[last_channel_idx : last_channel_idx + num_conv + 1]
+                stride = 2 if stage > 0 and iL == 0 else 1
+                module = block(iCs, stride)
+                last_channel_idx += num_conv
+                self.xchannels[last_channel_idx] = module.out_dim
+                self.layers.append(module)
+                self.message += "\nstage={:}, ilayer={:02d}/{:02d}, block={:03d}, iCs={:}, oC={:3d}, stride={:}".format(
+                    stage,
+                    iL,
+                    layer_blocks,
+                    len(self.layers) - 1,
+                    iCs,
+                    module.out_dim,
+                    stride,
+                )
+                if iL + 1 == xblocks[stage]:  # reach the maximum depth
+                    out_channel = module.out_dim
+                    for iiL in range(iL + 1, layer_blocks):
+                        last_channel_idx += num_conv
+                    self.xchannels[last_channel_idx] = module.out_dim
+                    break
+
+        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(8)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(self.xchannels[-1], num_classes)
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+        if zero_init_residual:
+            for m in self.modules():
+                if isinstance(m, ResNetBasicblock):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_b.bn.weight, 0)
+                elif isinstance(m, ResNetBottleneck):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_1x4.bn.weight, 0)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        x = inputs
+        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
+            x = layer(x)
+        features = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(features)
+        return features, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_depth.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_depth.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6f9bb32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_depth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from ..initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, nIn, nOut, kernel, stride, padding, bias, has_avg, has_bn, has_relu
+    ):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        if has_avg:
+            self.avg = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
+        else:
+            self.avg = None
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            nIn,
+            nOut,
+            kernel_size=kernel,
+            stride=stride,
+            padding=padding,
+            dilation=1,
+            groups=1,
+            bias=bias,
+        )
+        if has_bn:
+            self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(nOut)
+        else:
+            self.bn = None
+        if has_relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.avg:
+            out = self.avg(inputs)
+        else:
+            out = inputs
+        conv = self.conv(out)
+        if self.bn:
+            out = self.bn(conv)
+        else:
+            out = conv
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        else:
+            out = out
+
+        return out
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    num_conv = 2
+    expansion = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+
+        self.conv_a = ConvBNReLU(
+            inplanes,
+            planes,
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_b = ConvBNReLU(
+            planes, planes, 3, 1, 1, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes,
+                planes,
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        elif inplanes != planes:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes,
+                planes,
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        self.out_dim = planes
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + basicblock
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class ResNetBottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+    num_conv = 3
+
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride):
+        super(ResNetBottleneck, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        self.conv_1x1 = ConvBNReLU(
+            inplanes, planes, 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=True
+        )
+        self.conv_3x3 = ConvBNReLU(
+            planes,
+            planes,
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_1x4 = ConvBNReLU(
+            planes,
+            planes * self.expansion,
+            1,
+            1,
+            0,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=False,
+        )
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes,
+                planes * self.expansion,
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        elif inplanes != planes * self.expansion:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes,
+                planes * self.expansion,
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        self.out_dim = planes * self.expansion
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x1(inputs)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_3x3(bottleneck)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x4(bottleneck)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + bottleneck
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class InferDepthCifarResNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, block_name, depth, xblocks, num_classes, zero_init_residual):
+        super(InferDepthCifarResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # Model type specifies number of layers for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 model
+        if block_name == "ResNetBasicblock":
+            block = ResNetBasicblock
+            assert (depth - 2) % 6 == 0, "depth should be one of 20, 32, 44, 56, 110"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 6
+        elif block_name == "ResNetBottleneck":
+            block = ResNetBottleneck
+            assert (depth - 2) % 9 == 0, "depth should be one of 164"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 9
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block : {:}".format(block_name))
+        assert len(xblocks) == 3, "invalid xblocks : {:}".format(xblocks)
+
+        self.message = (
+            "InferWidthCifarResNet : Depth : {:} , Layers for each block : {:}".format(
+                depth, layer_blocks
+            )
+        )
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
+            [
+                ConvBNReLU(
+                    3, 16, 3, 1, 1, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=True
+                )
+            ]
+        )
+        self.channels = [16]
+        for stage in range(3):
+            for iL in range(layer_blocks):
+                iC = self.channels[-1]
+                planes = 16 * (2 ** stage)
+                stride = 2 if stage > 0 and iL == 0 else 1
+                module = block(iC, planes, stride)
+                self.channels.append(module.out_dim)
+                self.layers.append(module)
+                self.message += "\nstage={:}, ilayer={:02d}/{:02d}, block={:03d}, iC={:}, oC={:3d}, stride={:}".format(
+                    stage,
+                    iL,
+                    layer_blocks,
+                    len(self.layers) - 1,
+                    planes,
+                    module.out_dim,
+                    stride,
+                )
+                if iL + 1 == xblocks[stage]:  # reach the maximum depth
+                    break
+
+        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(8)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(self.channels[-1], num_classes)
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+        if zero_init_residual:
+            for m in self.modules():
+                if isinstance(m, ResNetBasicblock):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_b.bn.weight, 0)
+                elif isinstance(m, ResNetBottleneck):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_1x4.bn.weight, 0)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        x = inputs
+        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
+            x = layer(x)
+        features = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(features)
+        return features, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_width.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_width.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9400f71a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferCifarResNet_width.py
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from ..initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self, nIn, nOut, kernel, stride, padding, bias, has_avg, has_bn, has_relu
+    ):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        if has_avg:
+            self.avg = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
+        else:
+            self.avg = None
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            nIn,
+            nOut,
+            kernel_size=kernel,
+            stride=stride,
+            padding=padding,
+            dilation=1,
+            groups=1,
+            bias=bias,
+        )
+        if has_bn:
+            self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(nOut)
+        else:
+            self.bn = None
+        if has_relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.avg:
+            out = self.avg(inputs)
+        else:
+            out = inputs
+        conv = self.conv(out)
+        if self.bn:
+            out = self.bn(conv)
+        else:
+            out = conv
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        else:
+            out = out
+
+        return out
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    num_conv = 2
+    expansion = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, iCs, stride):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        assert isinstance(iCs, tuple) or isinstance(
+            iCs, list
+        ), "invalid type of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        assert len(iCs) == 3, "invalid lengths of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+
+        self.conv_a = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[0],
+            iCs[1],
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_b = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[1], iCs[2], 3, 1, 1, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        residual_in = iCs[0]
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[2],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[2]
+        elif iCs[0] != iCs[2]:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[2],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        # self.out_dim  = max(residual_in, iCs[2])
+        self.out_dim = iCs[2]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + basicblock
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class ResNetBottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+    num_conv = 3
+
+    def __init__(self, iCs, stride):
+        super(ResNetBottleneck, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        assert isinstance(iCs, tuple) or isinstance(
+            iCs, list
+        ), "invalid type of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        assert len(iCs) == 4, "invalid lengths of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        self.conv_1x1 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[0], iCs[1], 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=True
+        )
+        self.conv_3x3 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[1],
+            iCs[2],
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_1x4 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[2], iCs[3], 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        residual_in = iCs[0]
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[3],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[3]
+        elif iCs[0] != iCs[3]:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[3],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[3]
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        # self.out_dim = max(residual_in, iCs[3])
+        self.out_dim = iCs[3]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x1(inputs)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_3x3(bottleneck)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x4(bottleneck)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + bottleneck
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class InferWidthCifarResNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, block_name, depth, xchannels, num_classes, zero_init_residual):
+        super(InferWidthCifarResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # Model type specifies number of layers for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 model
+        if block_name == "ResNetBasicblock":
+            block = ResNetBasicblock
+            assert (depth - 2) % 6 == 0, "depth should be one of 20, 32, 44, 56, 110"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 6
+        elif block_name == "ResNetBottleneck":
+            block = ResNetBottleneck
+            assert (depth - 2) % 9 == 0, "depth should be one of 164"
+            layer_blocks = (depth - 2) // 9
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block : {:}".format(block_name))
+
+        self.message = (
+            "InferWidthCifarResNet : Depth : {:} , Layers for each block : {:}".format(
+                depth, layer_blocks
+            )
+        )
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.xchannels = xchannels
+        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
+            [
+                ConvBNReLU(
+                    xchannels[0],
+                    xchannels[1],
+                    3,
+                    1,
+                    1,
+                    False,
+                    has_avg=False,
+                    has_bn=True,
+                    has_relu=True,
+                )
+            ]
+        )
+        last_channel_idx = 1
+        for stage in range(3):
+            for iL in range(layer_blocks):
+                num_conv = block.num_conv
+                iCs = self.xchannels[last_channel_idx : last_channel_idx + num_conv + 1]
+                stride = 2 if stage > 0 and iL == 0 else 1
+                module = block(iCs, stride)
+                last_channel_idx += num_conv
+                self.xchannels[last_channel_idx] = module.out_dim
+                self.layers.append(module)
+                self.message += "\nstage={:}, ilayer={:02d}/{:02d}, block={:03d}, iCs={:}, oC={:3d}, stride={:}".format(
+                    stage,
+                    iL,
+                    layer_blocks,
+                    len(self.layers) - 1,
+                    iCs,
+                    module.out_dim,
+                    stride,
+                )
+
+        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(8)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(self.xchannels[-1], num_classes)
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+        if zero_init_residual:
+            for m in self.modules():
+                if isinstance(m, ResNetBasicblock):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_b.bn.weight, 0)
+                elif isinstance(m, ResNetBottleneck):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_1x4.bn.weight, 0)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        x = inputs
+        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
+            x = layer(x)
+        features = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(features)
+        return features, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferImagenetResNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferImagenetResNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0415e585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferImagenetResNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from ..initialization import initialize_resnet
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+
+    num_conv = 1
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, nIn, nOut, kernel, stride, padding, bias, has_avg, has_bn, has_relu
+    ):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        if has_avg:
+            self.avg = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
+        else:
+            self.avg = None
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            nIn,
+            nOut,
+            kernel_size=kernel,
+            stride=stride,
+            padding=padding,
+            dilation=1,
+            groups=1,
+            bias=bias,
+        )
+        if has_bn:
+            self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(nOut)
+        else:
+            self.bn = None
+        if has_relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.avg:
+            out = self.avg(inputs)
+        else:
+            out = inputs
+        conv = self.conv(out)
+        if self.bn:
+            out = self.bn(conv)
+        else:
+            out = conv
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        else:
+            out = out
+
+        return out
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    num_conv = 2
+    expansion = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, iCs, stride):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        assert isinstance(iCs, tuple) or isinstance(
+            iCs, list
+        ), "invalid type of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        assert len(iCs) == 3, "invalid lengths of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+
+        self.conv_a = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[0],
+            iCs[1],
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_b = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[1], iCs[2], 3, 1, 1, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        residual_in = iCs[0]
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[2],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[2]
+        elif iCs[0] != iCs[2]:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[2],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        # self.out_dim  = max(residual_in, iCs[2])
+        self.out_dim = iCs[2]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + basicblock
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class ResNetBottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+    num_conv = 3
+
+    def __init__(self, iCs, stride):
+        super(ResNetBottleneck, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        assert isinstance(iCs, tuple) or isinstance(
+            iCs, list
+        ), "invalid type of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        assert len(iCs) == 4, "invalid lengths of iCs : {:}".format(iCs)
+        self.conv_1x1 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[0], iCs[1], 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=True
+        )
+        self.conv_3x3 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[1],
+            iCs[2],
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_1x4 = ConvBNReLU(
+            iCs[2], iCs[3], 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        residual_in = iCs[0]
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[3],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[3]
+        elif iCs[0] != iCs[3]:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                iCs[0],
+                iCs[3],
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+            residual_in = iCs[3]
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        # self.out_dim = max(residual_in, iCs[3])
+        self.out_dim = iCs[3]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x1(inputs)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_3x3(bottleneck)
+        bottleneck = self.conv_1x4(bottleneck)
+
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = residual + bottleneck
+        return F.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class InferImagenetResNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        block_name,
+        layers,
+        xblocks,
+        xchannels,
+        deep_stem,
+        num_classes,
+        zero_init_residual,
+    ):
+        super(InferImagenetResNet, self).__init__()
+
+        # Model type specifies number of layers for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 model
+        if block_name == "BasicBlock":
+            block = ResNetBasicblock
+        elif block_name == "Bottleneck":
+            block = ResNetBottleneck
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid block : {:}".format(block_name))
+        assert len(xblocks) == len(
+            layers
+        ), "invalid layers : {:} vs xblocks : {:}".format(layers, xblocks)
+
+        self.message = "InferImagenetResNet : Depth : {:} -> {:}, Layers for each block : {:}".format(
+            sum(layers) * block.num_conv, sum(xblocks) * block.num_conv, xblocks
+        )
+        self.num_classes = num_classes
+        self.xchannels = xchannels
+        if not deep_stem:
+            self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
+                [
+                    ConvBNReLU(
+                        xchannels[0],
+                        xchannels[1],
+                        7,
+                        2,
+                        3,
+                        False,
+                        has_avg=False,
+                        has_bn=True,
+                        has_relu=True,
+                    )
+                ]
+            )
+            last_channel_idx = 1
+        else:
+            self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
+                [
+                    ConvBNReLU(
+                        xchannels[0],
+                        xchannels[1],
+                        3,
+                        2,
+                        1,
+                        False,
+                        has_avg=False,
+                        has_bn=True,
+                        has_relu=True,
+                    ),
+                    ConvBNReLU(
+                        xchannels[1],
+                        xchannels[2],
+                        3,
+                        1,
+                        1,
+                        False,
+                        has_avg=False,
+                        has_bn=True,
+                        has_relu=True,
+                    ),
+                ]
+            )
+            last_channel_idx = 2
+        self.layers.append(nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1))
+        for stage, layer_blocks in enumerate(layers):
+            for iL in range(layer_blocks):
+                num_conv = block.num_conv
+                iCs = self.xchannels[last_channel_idx : last_channel_idx + num_conv + 1]
+                stride = 2 if stage > 0 and iL == 0 else 1
+                module = block(iCs, stride)
+                last_channel_idx += num_conv
+                self.xchannels[last_channel_idx] = module.out_dim
+                self.layers.append(module)
+                self.message += "\nstage={:}, ilayer={:02d}/{:02d}, block={:03d}, iCs={:}, oC={:3d}, stride={:}".format(
+                    stage,
+                    iL,
+                    layer_blocks,
+                    len(self.layers) - 1,
+                    iCs,
+                    module.out_dim,
+                    stride,
+                )
+                if iL + 1 == xblocks[stage]:  # reach the maximum depth
+                    out_channel = module.out_dim
+                    for iiL in range(iL + 1, layer_blocks):
+                        last_channel_idx += num_conv
+                    self.xchannels[last_channel_idx] = module.out_dim
+                    break
+        assert last_channel_idx + 1 == len(self.xchannels), "{:} vs {:}".format(
+            last_channel_idx, len(self.xchannels)
+        )
+        self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(self.xchannels[-1], num_classes)
+
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+        if zero_init_residual:
+            for m in self.modules():
+                if isinstance(m, ResNetBasicblock):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_b.bn.weight, 0)
+                elif isinstance(m, ResNetBottleneck):
+                    nn.init.constant_(m.conv_1x4.bn.weight, 0)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        x = inputs
+        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
+            x = layer(x)
+        features = self.avgpool(x)
+        features = features.view(features.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(features)
+        return features, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferMobileNetV2.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferMobileNetV2.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d3db7526
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferMobileNetV2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+# MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks, CVPR 2018
+#####################################################
+from torch import nn
+
+from ..initialization import initialize_resnet
+from ..SharedUtils import parse_channel_info
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        in_planes,
+        out_planes,
+        kernel_size,
+        stride,
+        groups,
+        has_bn=True,
+        has_relu=True,
+    ):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        padding = (kernel_size - 1) // 2
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            in_planes,
+            out_planes,
+            kernel_size,
+            stride,
+            padding,
+            groups=groups,
+            bias=False,
+        )
+        if has_bn:
+            self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_planes)
+        else:
+            self.bn = None
+        if has_relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU6(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        out = self.conv(x)
+        if self.bn:
+            out = self.bn(out)
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        return out
+
+
+class InvertedResidual(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, channels, stride, expand_ratio, additive):
+        super(InvertedResidual, self).__init__()
+        self.stride = stride
+        assert stride in [1, 2], "invalid stride : {:}".format(stride)
+        assert len(channels) in [2, 3], "invalid channels : {:}".format(channels)
+
+        if len(channels) == 2:
+            layers = []
+        else:
+            layers = [ConvBNReLU(channels[0], channels[1], 1, 1, 1)]
+        layers.extend(
+            [
+                # dw
+                ConvBNReLU(channels[-2], channels[-2], 3, stride, channels[-2]),
+                # pw-linear
+                ConvBNReLU(channels[-2], channels[-1], 1, 1, 1, True, False),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.conv = nn.Sequential(*layers)
+        self.additive = additive
+        if self.additive and channels[0] != channels[-1]:
+            self.shortcut = ConvBNReLU(channels[0], channels[-1], 1, 1, 1, True, False)
+        else:
+            self.shortcut = None
+        self.out_dim = channels[-1]
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        out = self.conv(x)
+        # if self.additive: return additive_func(out, x)
+        if self.shortcut:
+            return out + self.shortcut(x)
+        else:
+            return out
+
+
+class InferMobileNetV2(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, num_classes, xchannels, xblocks, dropout):
+        super(InferMobileNetV2, self).__init__()
+        block = InvertedResidual
+        inverted_residual_setting = [
+            # t, c,  n, s
+            [1, 16, 1, 1],
+            [6, 24, 2, 2],
+            [6, 32, 3, 2],
+            [6, 64, 4, 2],
+            [6, 96, 3, 1],
+            [6, 160, 3, 2],
+            [6, 320, 1, 1],
+        ]
+        assert len(inverted_residual_setting) == len(
+            xblocks
+        ), "invalid number of layers : {:} vs {:}".format(
+            len(inverted_residual_setting), len(xblocks)
+        )
+        for block_num, ir_setting in zip(xblocks, inverted_residual_setting):
+            assert block_num <= ir_setting[2], "{:} vs {:}".format(
+                block_num, ir_setting
+            )
+        xchannels = parse_channel_info(xchannels)
+        # for i, chs in enumerate(xchannels):
+        #  if i > 0: assert chs[0] == xchannels[i-1][-1], 'Layer[{:}] is invalid {:} vs {:}'.format(i, xchannels[i-1], chs)
+        self.xchannels = xchannels
+        self.message = "InferMobileNetV2 : xblocks={:}".format(xblocks)
+        # building first layer
+        features = [ConvBNReLU(xchannels[0][0], xchannels[0][1], 3, 2, 1)]
+        last_channel_idx = 1
+
+        # building inverted residual blocks
+        for stage, (t, c, n, s) in enumerate(inverted_residual_setting):
+            for i in range(n):
+                stride = s if i == 0 else 1
+                additv = True if i > 0 else False
+                module = block(self.xchannels[last_channel_idx], stride, t, additv)
+                features.append(module)
+                self.message += "\nstage={:}, ilayer={:02d}/{:02d}, block={:03d}, Cs={:}, stride={:}, expand={:}, original-C={:}".format(
+                    stage,
+                    i,
+                    n,
+                    len(features),
+                    self.xchannels[last_channel_idx],
+                    stride,
+                    t,
+                    c,
+                )
+                last_channel_idx += 1
+                if i + 1 == xblocks[stage]:
+                    out_channel = module.out_dim
+                    for iiL in range(i + 1, n):
+                        last_channel_idx += 1
+                    self.xchannels[last_channel_idx][0] = module.out_dim
+                    break
+        # building last several layers
+        features.append(
+            ConvBNReLU(
+                self.xchannels[last_channel_idx][0],
+                self.xchannels[last_channel_idx][1],
+                1,
+                1,
+                1,
+            )
+        )
+        assert last_channel_idx + 2 == len(self.xchannels), "{:} vs {:}".format(
+            last_channel_idx, len(self.xchannels)
+        )
+        # make it nn.Sequential
+        self.features = nn.Sequential(*features)
+
+        # building classifier
+        self.classifier = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Dropout(dropout),
+            nn.Linear(self.xchannels[last_channel_idx][1], num_classes),
+        )
+
+        # weight initialization
+        self.apply(initialize_resnet)
+
+    def get_message(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        features = self.features(inputs)
+        vectors = features.mean([2, 3])
+        predicts = self.classifier(vectors)
+        return features, predicts
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferTinyCellNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferTinyCellNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d4371793
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/InferTinyCellNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+from typing import List, Text, Any
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+from ..cell_operations import ResNetBasicblock
+from ..cell_infers.cells import InferCell
+
+
+class DynamicShapeTinyNet(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, channels: List[int], genotype: Any, num_classes: int):
+        super(DynamicShapeTinyNet, self).__init__()
+        self._channels = channels
+        if len(channels) % 3 != 2:
+            raise ValueError("invalid number of layers : {:}".format(len(channels)))
+        self._num_stage = N = len(channels) // 3
+
+        self.stem = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Conv2d(3, channels[0], kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False),
+            nn.BatchNorm2d(channels[0]),
+        )
+
+        # layer_channels   = [C    ] * N + [C*2 ] + [C*2  ] * N + [C*4 ] + [C*4  ] * N
+        layer_reductions = [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N + [True] + [False] * N
+
+        c_prev = channels[0]
+        self.cells = nn.ModuleList()
+        for index, (c_curr, reduction) in enumerate(zip(channels, layer_reductions)):
+            if reduction:
+                cell = ResNetBasicblock(c_prev, c_curr, 2, True)
+            else:
+                cell = InferCell(genotype, c_prev, c_curr, 1)
+            self.cells.append(cell)
+            c_prev = cell.out_dim
+        self._num_layer = len(self.cells)
+
+        self.lastact = nn.Sequential(nn.BatchNorm2d(c_prev), nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
+        self.global_pooling = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
+        self.classifier = nn.Linear(c_prev, num_classes)
+
+    def get_message(self) -> Text:
+        string = self.extra_repr()
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            string += "\n {:02d}/{:02d} :: {:}".format(
+                i, len(self.cells), cell.extra_repr()
+            )
+        return string
+
+    def extra_repr(self):
+        return "{name}(C={_channels}, N={_num_stage}, L={_num_layer})".format(
+            name=self.__class__.__name__, **self.__dict__
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        feature = self.stem(inputs)
+        for i, cell in enumerate(self.cells):
+            feature = cell(feature)
+
+        out = self.lastact(feature)
+        out = self.global_pooling(out)
+        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
+        logits = self.classifier(out)
+
+        return out, logits
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/__init__.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9c305ffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#####################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019.01 #
+#####################################################
+from .InferCifarResNet_width import InferWidthCifarResNet
+from .InferImagenetResNet import InferImagenetResNet
+from .InferCifarResNet_depth import InferDepthCifarResNet
+from .InferCifarResNet import InferCifarResNet
+from .InferMobileNetV2 import InferMobileNetV2
+from .InferTinyCellNet import DynamicShapeTinyNet
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/shared_utils.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/shared_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..86ab9492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_infers/shared_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+def parse_channel_info(xstring):
+    blocks = xstring.split(" ")
+    blocks = [x.split("-") for x in blocks]
+    blocks = [[int(_) for _ in x] for x in blocks]
+    return blocks
diff --git a/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_searchs/SearchCifarResNet.py b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_searchs/SearchCifarResNet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..653051b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/model_selection/TRAILS-Database-Native-Model-Selection/internal/ml/model_selection/src/third_pkg/models/shape_searchs/SearchCifarResNet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,760 @@
+##################################################
+# Copyright (c) Xuanyi Dong [GitHub D-X-Y], 2019 #
+##################################################
+import math, torch
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from bisect import bisect_right
+import torch.nn as nn
+from ..initialization import initialize_resnet
+from ..SharedUtils import additive_func
+from .SoftSelect import select2withP, ChannelWiseInter
+from .SoftSelect import linear_forward
+from .SoftSelect import get_width_choices
+
+
+def get_depth_choices(nDepth, return_num):
+    if nDepth == 2:
+        choices = (1, 2)
+    elif nDepth == 3:
+        choices = (1, 2, 3)
+    elif nDepth > 3:
+        choices = list(range(1, nDepth + 1, 2))
+        if choices[-1] < nDepth:
+            choices.append(nDepth)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("invalid nDepth : {:}".format(nDepth))
+    if return_num:
+        return len(choices)
+    else:
+        return choices
+
+
+def conv_forward(inputs, conv, choices):
+    iC = conv.in_channels
+    fill_size = list(inputs.size())
+    fill_size[1] = iC - fill_size[1]
+    filled = torch.zeros(fill_size, device=inputs.device)
+    xinputs = torch.cat((inputs, filled), dim=1)
+    outputs = conv(xinputs)
+    selecteds = [outputs[:, :oC] for oC in choices]
+    return selecteds
+
+
+class ConvBNReLU(nn.Module):
+    num_conv = 1
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, nIn, nOut, kernel, stride, padding, bias, has_avg, has_bn, has_relu
+    ):
+        super(ConvBNReLU, self).__init__()
+        self.InShape = None
+        self.OutShape = None
+        self.choices = get_width_choices(nOut)
+        self.register_buffer("choices_tensor", torch.Tensor(self.choices))
+
+        if has_avg:
+            self.avg = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
+        else:
+            self.avg = None
+        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(
+            nIn,
+            nOut,
+            kernel_size=kernel,
+            stride=stride,
+            padding=padding,
+            dilation=1,
+            groups=1,
+            bias=bias,
+        )
+        # if has_bn  : self.bn  = nn.BatchNorm2d(nOut)
+        # else       : self.bn  = None
+        self.has_bn = has_bn
+        self.BNs = nn.ModuleList()
+        for i, _out in enumerate(self.choices):
+            self.BNs.append(nn.BatchNorm2d(_out))
+        if has_relu:
+            self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
+        else:
+            self.relu = None
+        self.in_dim = nIn
+        self.out_dim = nOut
+        self.search_mode = "basic"
+
+    def get_flops(self, channels, check_range=True, divide=1):
+        iC, oC = channels
+        if check_range:
+            assert (
+                iC <= self.conv.in_channels and oC <= self.conv.out_channels
+            ), "{:} vs {:}  |  {:} vs {:}".format(
+                iC, self.conv.in_channels, oC, self.conv.out_channels
+            )
+        assert (
+            isinstance(self.InShape, tuple) and len(self.InShape) == 2
+        ), "invalid in-shape : {:}".format(self.InShape)
+        assert (
+            isinstance(self.OutShape, tuple) and len(self.OutShape) == 2
+        ), "invalid out-shape : {:}".format(self.OutShape)
+        # conv_per_position_flops = self.conv.kernel_size[0] * self.conv.kernel_size[1] * iC * oC / self.conv.groups
+        conv_per_position_flops = (
+            self.conv.kernel_size[0] * self.conv.kernel_size[1] * 1.0 / self.conv.groups
+        )
+        all_positions = self.OutShape[0] * self.OutShape[1]
+        flops = (conv_per_position_flops * all_positions / divide) * iC * oC
+        if self.conv.bias is not None:
+            flops += all_positions / divide
+        return flops
+
+    def get_range(self):
+        return [self.choices]
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.search_mode == "basic":
+            return self.basic_forward(inputs)
+        elif self.search_mode == "search":
+            return self.search_forward(inputs)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid search_mode = {:}".format(self.search_mode))
+
+    def search_forward(self, tuple_inputs):
+        assert (
+            isinstance(tuple_inputs, tuple) and len(tuple_inputs) == 5
+        ), "invalid type input : {:}".format(type(tuple_inputs))
+        inputs, expected_inC, probability, index, prob = tuple_inputs
+        index, prob = torch.squeeze(index).tolist(), torch.squeeze(prob)
+        probability = torch.squeeze(probability)
+        assert len(index) == 2, "invalid length : {:}".format(index)
+        # compute expected flop
+        # coordinates   = torch.arange(self.x_range[0], self.x_range[1]+1).type_as(probability)
+        expected_outC = (self.choices_tensor * probability).sum()
+        expected_flop = self.get_flops([expected_inC, expected_outC], False, 1e6)
+        if self.avg:
+            out = self.avg(inputs)
+        else:
+            out = inputs
+        # convolutional layer
+        out_convs = conv_forward(out, self.conv, [self.choices[i] for i in index])
+        out_bns = [self.BNs[idx](out_conv) for idx, out_conv in zip(index, out_convs)]
+        # merge
+        out_channel = max([x.size(1) for x in out_bns])
+        outA = ChannelWiseInter(out_bns[0], out_channel)
+        outB = ChannelWiseInter(out_bns[1], out_channel)
+        out = outA * prob[0] + outB * prob[1]
+        # out = additive_func(out_bns[0]*prob[0], out_bns[1]*prob[1])
+
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        else:
+            out = out
+        return out, expected_outC, expected_flop
+
+    def basic_forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.avg:
+            out = self.avg(inputs)
+        else:
+            out = inputs
+        conv = self.conv(out)
+        if self.has_bn:
+            out = self.BNs[-1](conv)
+        else:
+            out = conv
+        if self.relu:
+            out = self.relu(out)
+        else:
+            out = out
+        if self.InShape is None:
+            self.InShape = (inputs.size(-2), inputs.size(-1))
+            self.OutShape = (out.size(-2), out.size(-1))
+        return out
+
+
+class ResNetBasicblock(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 1
+    num_conv = 2
+
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride):
+        super(ResNetBasicblock, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        self.conv_a = ConvBNReLU(
+            inplanes,
+            planes,
+            3,
+            stride,
+            1,
+            False,
+            has_avg=False,
+            has_bn=True,
+            has_relu=True,
+        )
+        self.conv_b = ConvBNReLU(
+            planes, planes, 3, 1, 1, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=False
+        )
+        if stride == 2:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes,
+                planes,
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=True,
+                has_bn=False,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        elif inplanes != planes:
+            self.downsample = ConvBNReLU(
+                inplanes,
+                planes,
+                1,
+                1,
+                0,
+                False,
+                has_avg=False,
+                has_bn=True,
+                has_relu=False,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.downsample = None
+        self.out_dim = planes
+        self.search_mode = "basic"
+
+    def get_range(self):
+        return self.conv_a.get_range() + self.conv_b.get_range()
+
+    def get_flops(self, channels):
+        assert len(channels) == 3, "invalid channels : {:}".format(channels)
+        flop_A = self.conv_a.get_flops([channels[0], channels[1]])
+        flop_B = self.conv_b.get_flops([channels[1], channels[2]])
+        if hasattr(self.downsample, "get_flops"):
+            flop_C = self.downsample.get_flops([channels[0], channels[-1]])
+        else:
+            flop_C = 0
+        if (
+            channels[0] != channels[-1] and self.downsample is None
+        ):  # this short-cut will be added during the infer-train
+            flop_C = (
+                channels[0]
+                * channels[-1]
+                * self.conv_b.OutShape[0]
+                * self.conv_b.OutShape[1]
+            )
+        return flop_A + flop_B + flop_C
+
+    def forward(self, inputs):
+        if self.search_mode == "basic":
+            return self.basic_forward(inputs)
+        elif self.search_mode == "search":
+            return self.search_forward(inputs)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("invalid search_mode = {:}".format(self.search_mode))
+
+    def search_forward(self, tuple_inputs):
+        assert (
+            isinstance(tuple_inputs, tuple) and len(tuple_inputs) == 5
+        ), "invalid type input : {:}".format(type(tuple_inputs))
+        inputs, expected_inC, probability, indexes, probs = tuple_inputs
+        assert indexes.size(0) == 2 and probs.size(0) == 2 and probability.size(0) == 2
+        out_a, expected_inC_a, expected_flop_a = self.conv_a(
+            (inputs, expected_inC, probability[0], indexes[0], probs[0])
+        )
+        out_b, expected_inC_b, expected_flop_b = self.conv_b(
+            (out_a, expected_inC_a, probability[1], indexes[1], probs[1])
+        )
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual, _, expected_flop_c = self.downsample(
+                (inputs, expected_inC, probability[1], indexes[1], probs[1])
+            )
+        else:
+            residual, expected_flop_c = inputs, 0
+        out = additive_func(residual, out_b)
+        return (
+            nn.functional.relu(out, inplace=True),
+            expected_inC_b,
+            sum([expected_flop_a, expected_flop_b, expected_flop_c]),
+        )
+
+    def basic_forward(self, inputs):
+        basicblock = self.conv_a(inputs)
+        basicblock = self.conv_b(basicblock)
+        if self.downsample is not None:
+            residual = self.downsample(inputs)
+        else:
+            residual = inputs
+        out = additive_func(residual, basicblock)
+        return nn.functional.relu(out, inplace=True)
+
+
+class ResNetBottleneck(nn.Module):
+    expansion = 4
+    num_conv = 3
+
+    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride):
+        super(ResNetBottleneck, self).__init__()
+        assert stride == 1 or stride == 2, "invalid stride {:}".format(stride)
+        self.conv_1x1 = ConvBNReLU(
+            inplanes, planes, 1, 1, 0, False, has_avg=False, has_bn=True, has_relu=True
+        )
+        self.conv_3x3 = ConvBNReLU(
+            planes,
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