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Posted to commits@tajo.apache.org by ji...@apache.org on 2015/05/12 05:14:11 UTC

[12/14] tajo git commit: TAJO-1359: Add nested field projector and language extension to project nested record. (hyunsik)

TAJO-1359: Add nested field projector and language extension to project nested record. (hyunsik)

Closes #422


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/commit/0d1bf41f
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/tree/0d1bf41f
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/diff/0d1bf41f

Branch: refs/heads/index_support
Commit: 0d1bf41f3aff119af5d95270d735101a81d5721c
Parents: ddd3921
Author: Hyunsik Choi <hy...@apache.org>
Authored: Mon May 11 14:34:07 2015 -0700
Committer: Hyunsik Choi <hy...@apache.org>
Committed: Mon May 11 14:35:09 2015 -0700

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 CHANGES                                         |   7 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/catalog/CatalogUtil.java    |  12 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/catalog/NestedPathUtil.java | 109 ++++++
 .../java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/Schema.java    | 109 +++++-
 .../org/apache/tajo/catalog/SchemaUtil.java     |  33 +-
 .../tajo/catalog/store/HiveCatalogStore.java    |   4 +-
 .../cli/tsql/commands/DescTableCommand.java     |   4 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java   |   2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Tuple.java     |   2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/tajo/util/StringUtils.java  |  70 ++++
 .../main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/TUtil.java   |  32 --
 .../org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLParser.g4  |   2 +-
 .../apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLAnalyzer.java  |  17 +-
 .../engine/planner/PhysicalPlannerImpl.java     |  17 +-
 .../tajo/engine/planner/global/DataChannel.java |   4 +-
 .../engine/planner/global/GlobalPlanner.java    |   6 +-
 .../global/builder/DistinctGroupbyBuilder.java  |   6 +-
 .../DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec.java    |   2 +-
 .../planner/physical/PhysicalPlanUtil.java      |   2 +-
 .../engine/planner/physical/SeqScanExec.java    |  27 +-
 .../tajo/engine/utils/TupleCacheScanner.java    |   2 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleUtil.java |   8 +-
 .../exec/NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner.java  |   2 +-
 .../NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner.java     |  20 +-
 .../resources/webapps/admin/catalogview.jsp     |   5 +-
 .../engine/function/TestFunctionLoader.java     |   5 +-
 .../tajo/engine/planner/TestLogicalPlanner.java |   8 +-
 .../apache/tajo/engine/query/TestCTASQuery.java |   4 +-
 .../tajo/engine/query/TestJoinBroadcast.java    |   2 +-
 .../engine/query/TestSelectNestedRecord.java    |  71 ++++
 .../java/org/apache/tajo/jdbc/TestTajoJdbc.java |   2 +-
 .../rs/resources/TestQueryResultResource.java   |   6 +-
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1/table.json   |   3 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/tweets/sample1.json  |   4 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1_ddl.sql      |   7 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/sample2_ddl.sql      |  19 ++
 .../testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1.sql            |   7 +
 .../testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1.sql               |   7 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect1.sql      |   1 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect2.sql      |  61 ++++
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/tweets_ddl.sql       |  74 +++++
 .../testSelectWithParentheses2.sql              |   2 +-
 .../testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1.result         |   6 +
 .../testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1.result            |   6 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect1.result   |   5 +
 .../TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect2.result   |   6 +
 .../apache/tajo/jdbc/TajoDatabaseMetaData.java  |   2 +-
 .../tajo/plan/LogicalPlanPreprocessor.java      |   4 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/plan/LogicalPlanner.java    |  32 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/expr/RowConstantEval.java  |   3 +-
 .../tajo/plan/expr/WindowFunctionEval.java      |   3 +-
 .../function/python/PythonScriptEngine.java     |  12 +-
 .../GreedyHeuristicJoinOrderAlgorithm.java      |   8 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/joinorder/JoinEdge.java    |   4 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/joinorder/JoinGraph.java   |   6 +-
 .../tajo/plan/logical/DistinctGroupbyNode.java  |   4 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/logical/EvalExprNode.java  |   3 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/logical/GroupbyNode.java   |  10 +-
 .../tajo/plan/logical/ProjectionNode.java       |   3 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/logical/RelationNode.java  |  12 +
 .../tajo/plan/logical/ShuffleFileWriteNode.java |   3 +-
 .../tajo/plan/logical/TruncateTableNode.java    |   4 +-
 .../apache/tajo/plan/logical/WindowAggNode.java |   7 +-
 .../tajo/plan/nameresolver/NameResolver.java    | 194 ++++++++---
 .../plan/nameresolver/ResolverByLegacy.java     |   8 +-
 .../plan/rewrite/rules/FilterPushDownRule.java  |   4 +-
 .../rewrite/rules/PartitionedTableRewriter.java |   4 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/plan/util/PlannerUtil.java  |   2 +-
 .../tajo/plan/verifier/LogicalPlanVerifier.java |  24 +-
 .../plan/verifier/PreLogicalPlanVerifier.java   |   6 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/MergeScanner.java   |   2 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java   |   2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Scanner.java   |   9 +
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/StorageManager.java |   4 +-
 .../storage/hbase/AbstractHBaseAppender.java    |   2 -
 .../tajo/storage/hbase/ColumnMapping.java       |   2 +-
 .../HBaseBinarySerializerDeserializer.java      |  10 +-
 .../apache/tajo/storage/hbase/HBaseScanner.java |  22 +-
 .../tajo/storage/hbase/HBaseStorageManager.java |   6 +-
 .../java/org/apache/tajo/storage/CSVFile.java   |   2 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/FileScanner.java    |   2 +-
 .../apache/tajo/storage/FileStorageManager.java |   2 +-
 .../apache/tajo/storage/avro/AvroScanner.java   |  25 +-
 .../tajo/storage/json/JsonLineDeserializer.java | 331 +++++++++++--------
 .../apache/tajo/storage/json/JsonLineSerDe.java |   5 +-
 .../tajo/storage/json/JsonLineSerializer.java   |   2 -
 .../storage/parquet/TajoRecordConverter.java    |   7 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/rcfile/RCFile.java  |  10 +-
 .../sequencefile/SequenceFileScanner.java       |  16 +-
 .../tajo/storage/text/CSVLineDeserializer.java  |  26 +-
 .../apache/tajo/storage/text/CSVLineSerDe.java  |   5 +-
 .../tajo/storage/text/DelimitedTextFile.java    |  11 +-
 .../tajo/storage/text/TextLineDeserializer.java |   4 +-
 .../apache/tajo/storage/text/TextLineSerDe.java |   3 +-
 .../apache/tajo/storage/TestMergeScanner.java   |  29 +-
 .../org/apache/tajo/storage/TestStorages.java   |  35 +-
 96 files changed, 1279 insertions(+), 467 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/CHANGES
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/CHANGES b/CHANGES
index 0aad306..84be66a 100644
--- a/CHANGES
+++ b/CHANGES
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ Release 0.11.0 - unreleased
     TAJO-1452: Improve function listing order (Contributed Dongjoon Hyun, 
     Committed by hyunsik)
 
-    TAJO-1576: Sometimes DefaultTajoCliOutputFormatter.parseErrorMessage() eliminates 
-    an important kind of information. 
+    TAJO-1576: Sometimes DefaultTajoCliOutputFormatter.parseErrorMessage() 
+    eliminates an important kind of information. 
     (Contributed by Jongyoung Park, Committed by jihoon)
 
     TAJO-1408: Make IntermediateEntryProto more compact. 
@@ -277,6 +277,9 @@ Release 0.11.0 - unreleased
 
   SUB TASKS
 
+    TAJO-1359: Add nested field projector and language extension to project 
+    nested record. (hyunsik)
+
     TAJO-1529: Implement json_extract_path_text(string, string) function.
     (jinho)
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/CatalogUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/CatalogUtil.java b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/CatalogUtil.java
index 12f36b1..8e5b657 100644
--- a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/CatalogUtil.java
+++ b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/CatalogUtil.java
@@ -171,6 +171,16 @@ public class CatalogUtil {
     return openQuote && closeQuote;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * True if a given name is a simple identifier, meaning is not a dot-chained name.
+   *
+   * @param columnOrTableName Column or Table name to be checked
+   * @return True if a given name is a simple identifier. Otherwise, it will return False.
+   */
+  public static boolean isSimpleIdentifier(String columnOrTableName) {
+    return columnOrTableName.split(CatalogConstants.IDENTIFIER_DELIMITER_REGEXP).length == 1;
+  }
+
   public static boolean isFQColumnName(String tableName) {
     return tableName.split(CatalogConstants.IDENTIFIER_DELIMITER_REGEXP).length == 3;
   }
@@ -662,7 +672,7 @@ public class CatalogUtil {
       if (types[i].getType() != Type.NULL_TYPE) {
         Type candidate = TUtil.getFromNestedMap(OPERATION_CASTING_MAP, widest.getType(), types[i].getType());
         if (candidate == null) {
-          throw new InvalidOperationException("No matched operation for those types: " + TUtil.arrayToString
+          throw new InvalidOperationException("No matched operation for those types: " + StringUtils.join
               (types));
         }
         widest = newSimpleDataType(candidate);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/NestedPathUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/NestedPathUtil.java b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/NestedPathUtil.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58b4f26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/NestedPathUtil.java
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tajo.catalog;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.tajo.common.TajoDataTypes.Type;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Utility methods for nested field
+ */
+public class NestedPathUtil {
+  public static final String PATH_DELIMITER = "/";
+
+  public static final List<String> ROOT_PATH = Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<String>());
+
+  public static boolean isPath(String name) {
+    return name.indexOf(PATH_DELIMITER.charAt(0)) >= 0;
+  }
+
+  public static String makePath(String[] parts) {
+    return makePath(parts, 0);
+  }
+
+  public static String makePath(String[] parts, int startIndex) {
+    return makePath(parts, startIndex, parts.length);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Make a nested field path
+   *
+   * @param parts path parts
+   * @param startIndex startIndex
+   * @param depth Depth
+   * @return Path
+   */
+  public static String makePath(String[] parts, int startIndex, int depth) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(startIndex <= (parts.length - 1));
+
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for (int i = startIndex; i < depth; i++) {
+      sb.append(PATH_DELIMITER);
+      sb.append(parts[i].toString());
+    }
+
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Lookup the actual column corresponding to a given path.
+   * We assume that a path starts with the slash '/' and it
+   * does not include the root field.
+   *
+   * @param nestedField Nested column
+   * @param path Path which starts with '/';
+   * @return Column corresponding to the path
+   */
+  public static Column lookupPath(Column nestedField, String path) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(path.charAt(0) == PATH_DELIMITER.charAt(0),
+        "A nested field path must start with slash '/'.");
+
+    // We assume that path starts with '/', causing an empty string "" at 0 in the path splits.
+    // So, we should start the index from 1 instead of 0.
+    return lookupPath(nestedField, path.split(PATH_DELIMITER));
+  }
+
+  public static Column lookupPath(Column nestedField, String [] paths) {
+    // We assume that path starts with '/', causing an empty string "" at 0 in the path splits.
+    // So, we should start the index from 1 instead of 0.
+    return lookupColumnInternal(nestedField, paths, 1);
+  }
+
+  private static Column lookupColumnInternal(Column currentColumn, String [] paths, int depth) {
+    Column found = null;
+
+    if (currentColumn.getDataType().getType() == Type.RECORD) {
+      found = currentColumn.typeDesc.nestedRecordSchema.getColumn(paths[depth]);
+    }
+
+    if (found != null) {
+      if (found.getDataType().getType() == Type.RECORD) {
+        return lookupColumnInternal(found, paths, depth + 1);
+      } else {
+        return found;
+      }
+    } else {
+      throw new NoSuchFieldError(makePath(paths));
+    }
+  }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/Schema.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/Schema.java b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/Schema.java
index 054cc2c..0e4b741 100644
--- a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/Schema.java
+++ b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/Schema.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import org.apache.tajo.common.ProtoObject;
 import org.apache.tajo.common.TajoDataTypes.DataType;
 import org.apache.tajo.common.TajoDataTypes.Type;
 import org.apache.tajo.json.GsonObject;
+import org.apache.tajo.util.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
 
 import java.util.*;
@@ -135,7 +136,8 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
    * @param qualifier The qualifier
    */
   public void setQualifier(String qualifier) {
-    List<Column> columns = getColumns();
+    // only change root fields, and must keep each nested field simple name
+    List<Column> columns = getRootColumns();
 
     fields.clear();
     fieldsByQualifiedName.clear();
@@ -180,14 +182,39 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
    * @return The column matched to a given column name.
    */
   public Column getColumn(String name) {
-    String [] parts = name.split("\\.");
-    // Some of the string can includes database name and table name and column name.
-    // For example, it can be 'default.table1.id'.
-    // Therefore, spilt string array length can be 3.
-    if (parts.length >= 2) {
-      return getColumnByQName(name);
+
+    if (NestedPathUtil.isPath(name)) {
+
+      // TODO - to be refactored
+      if (fieldsByQualifiedName.containsKey(name)) {
+        Column flattenColumn = fields.get(fieldsByQualifiedName.get(name));
+        if (flattenColumn != null) {
+          return flattenColumn;
+        }
+      }
+
+      String [] paths = name.split(NestedPathUtil.PATH_DELIMITER);
+      Column column = getColumn(paths[0]);
+      if (column == null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+      Column actualColumn = NestedPathUtil.lookupPath(column, paths);
+
+      Column columnPath = new Column(
+          column.getQualifiedName() + NestedPathUtil.makePath(paths, 1),
+          actualColumn.typeDesc);
+
+      return columnPath;
     } else {
-      return getColumnByName(name);
+      String[] parts = name.split("\\.");
+      // Some of the string can includes database name and table name and column name.
+      // For example, it can be 'default.table1.id'.
+      // Therefore, spilt string array length can be 3.
+      if (parts.length >= 2) {
+        return getColumnByQName(name);
+      } else {
+        return getColumnByName(name);
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -268,12 +295,46 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
     }
     return -1;
   }
-	
-	public List<Column> getColumns() {
+
+  /**
+   * Get root columns, meaning all columns except for nested fields.
+   *
+   * @return A list of root columns
+   */
+	public List<Column> getRootColumns() {
 		return ImmutableList.copyOf(fields);
 	}
 
+  /**
+   * Get all columns, including all nested fields
+   *
+   * @return A list of all columns
+   */
+  public List<Column> getAllColumns() {
+    final List<Column> columnList = TUtil.newList();
+
+    SchemaUtil.visitSchema(this, new ColumnVisitor() {
+      @Override
+      public void visit(int depth, List<String> path, Column column) {
+        if (path.size() > 0) {
+          String parentPath = StringUtils.join(path, NestedPathUtil.PATH_DELIMITER);
+          String currentPath = parentPath + NestedPathUtil.PATH_DELIMITER + column.getSimpleName();
+          columnList.add(new Column(currentPath, column.getTypeDesc()));
+        } else {
+          columnList.add(column);
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    return columnList;
+  }
+
   public boolean contains(String name) {
+    // TODO - It's a hack
+    if (NestedPathUtil.isPath(name)) {
+      return (getColumn(name) != null);
+    }
+
     if (fieldsByQualifiedName.containsKey(name)) {
       return true;
     }
@@ -288,6 +349,11 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
   }
 
   public boolean contains(Column column) {
+    // TODO - It's a hack
+    if (NestedPathUtil.isPath(column.getQualifiedName())) {
+      return (getColumn(column.getQualifiedName()) != null);
+    }
+
     if (column.hasQualifier()) {
       return fieldsByQualifiedName.containsKey(column.getQualifiedName());
     } else {
@@ -314,7 +380,24 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
   }
 
   public boolean containsAll(Collection<Column> columns) {
-    return fields.containsAll(columns);
+    boolean containFlag = true;
+
+    for (Column c :columns) {
+      if (NestedPathUtil.isPath(c.getSimpleName())) {
+        if (contains(c.getQualifiedName())) {
+          containFlag &= true;
+        } else {
+          String[] paths = c.getQualifiedName().split("/");
+          boolean existRootPath = contains(paths[0]);
+          boolean existLeafPath = getColumn(c.getSimpleName()) != null;
+          containFlag &= existRootPath && existLeafPath;
+        }
+      } else {
+        containFlag &= fields.contains(c);
+      }
+    }
+
+    return containFlag;
   }
 
   public synchronized Schema addColumn(String name, TypeDesc typeDesc) {
@@ -351,7 +434,7 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
 	}
 	
 	public synchronized void addColumns(Schema schema) {
-    for(Column column : schema.getColumns()) {
+    for(Column column : schema.getRootColumns()) {
       addColumn(column);
     }
   }
@@ -396,7 +479,7 @@ public class Schema implements ProtoObject<SchemaProto>, Cloneable, GsonObject {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void visit(int depth, Column column) {
+    public void visit(int depth, List<String> path, Column column) {
 
       if (column.getDataType().getType() == Type.RECORD) {
         DataType.Builder updatedType = DataType.newBuilder(column.getDataType());

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/SchemaUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/SchemaUtil.java b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/SchemaUtil.java
index f2bb71c..c6b2f69 100644
--- a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/SchemaUtil.java
+++ b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/SchemaUtil.java
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@
 
 package org.apache.tajo.catalog;
 
+import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
 import static org.apache.tajo.common.TajoDataTypes.DataType;
 import static org.apache.tajo.common.TajoDataTypes.Type;
 
@@ -34,12 +38,12 @@ public class SchemaUtil {
   static int tmpColumnSeq = 0;
   public static Schema merge(Schema left, Schema right) {
     Schema merged = new Schema();
-    for(Column col : left.getColumns()) {
+    for(Column col : left.getRootColumns()) {
       if (!merged.containsByQualifiedName(col.getQualifiedName())) {
         merged.addColumn(col);
       }
     }
-    for(Column col : right.getColumns()) {
+    for(Column col : right.getRootColumns()) {
       if (merged.containsByQualifiedName(col.getQualifiedName())) {
         merged.addColumn("?fake" + (tmpColumnSeq++), col.getDataType());
       } else {
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@ public class SchemaUtil {
    */
   public static Schema getNaturalJoinColumns(Schema left, Schema right) {
     Schema common = new Schema();
-    for (Column outer : left.getColumns()) {
+    for (Column outer : left.getRootColumns()) {
       if (!common.containsByName(outer.getSimpleName()) && right.containsByName(outer.getSimpleName())) {
         common.addColumn(new Column(outer.getSimpleName(), outer.getDataType()));
       }
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ public class SchemaUtil {
    * Column visitor interface
    */
   public static interface ColumnVisitor {
-    public void visit(int depth, Column column);
+    public void visit(int depth, List<String> path, Column column);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -122,8 +126,8 @@ public class SchemaUtil {
    * @param function
    */
   public static void visitSchema(Schema schema, ColumnVisitor function) {
-      for(Column col : schema.getColumns()) {
-        visitInDepthFirstOrder(0, function, col);
+      for(Column col : schema.getRootColumns()) {
+        visitInDepthFirstOrder(0, NestedPathUtil.ROOT_PATH, function, col);
       }
   }
 
@@ -134,14 +138,21 @@ public class SchemaUtil {
    * @param function Visitor
    * @param column Current visiting column
    */
-  private static void visitInDepthFirstOrder(int depth, ColumnVisitor function, Column column) {
+  private static void visitInDepthFirstOrder(int depth,
+                                             final List<String> path,
+                                             ColumnVisitor function,
+                                             Column column) {
+
     if (column.getDataType().getType() == Type.RECORD) {
-      for (Column nestedColumn : column.typeDesc.nestedRecordSchema.getColumns()) {
-        visitInDepthFirstOrder(depth + 1, function, nestedColumn);
+      for (Column nestedColumn : column.typeDesc.nestedRecordSchema.getRootColumns()) {
+        List<String> newPath = TUtil.newList(path);
+        newPath.add(column.getQualifiedName());
+
+        visitInDepthFirstOrder(depth + 1, newPath, function, nestedColumn);
       }
-      function.visit(depth, column);
+      function.visit(depth, path, column);
     } else {
-      function.visit(depth, column);
+      function.visit(depth, path, column);
     }
   }
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-drivers/tajo-hive/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/store/HiveCatalogStore.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-drivers/tajo-hive/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/store/HiveCatalogStore.java b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-drivers/tajo-hive/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/store/HiveCatalogStore.java
index 5b1a996..6acdbd1 100644
--- a/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-drivers/tajo-hive/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/store/HiveCatalogStore.java
+++ b/tajo-catalog/tajo-catalog-drivers/tajo-hive/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/catalog/store/HiveCatalogStore.java
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ public class HiveCatalogStore extends CatalogConstants implements CatalogStore {
       }
 
       // set column information
-      List<Column> columns = tableDesc.getSchema().getColumns();
+      List<Column> columns = tableDesc.getSchema().getRootColumns();
       ArrayList<FieldSchema> cols = new ArrayList<FieldSchema>(columns.size());
 
       for (Column eachField : columns) {
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ public class HiveCatalogStore extends CatalogConstants implements CatalogStore {
       // set partition keys
       if (tableDesc.hasPartition() && tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getPartitionType().equals(PartitionType.COLUMN)) {
         List<FieldSchema> partitionKeys = new ArrayList<FieldSchema>();
-        for (Column eachPartitionKey : tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getExpressionSchema().getColumns()) {
+        for (Column eachPartitionKey : tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns()) {
           partitionKeys.add(new FieldSchema(eachPartitionKey.getSimpleName(),
               HiveCatalogUtil.getHiveFieldType(eachPartitionKey.getDataType()), ""));
         }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-cli/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/cli/tsql/commands/DescTableCommand.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-cli/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/cli/tsql/commands/DescTableCommand.java b/tajo-cli/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/cli/tsql/commands/DescTableCommand.java
index a3960e6..a5b53f2 100644
--- a/tajo-cli/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/cli/tsql/commands/DescTableCommand.java
+++ b/tajo-cli/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/cli/tsql/commands/DescTableCommand.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.tajo.catalog.TableDesc;
 import org.apache.tajo.catalog.partition.PartitionMethodDesc;
 import org.apache.tajo.cli.tsql.TajoCli;
 import org.apache.tajo.util.FileUtil;
-import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
+import org.apache.tajo.util.StringUtils;
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public class DescTableCommand extends TajoShellCommand {
       sb.append("type:").append(partition.getPartitionType().name()).append("\n");
 
       sb.append("columns:").append(":");
-      sb.append(TUtil.arrayToString(partition.getExpressionSchema().toArray()));
+      sb.append(StringUtils.join(partition.getExpressionSchema().toArray()));
     }
 
     return sb.toString();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-client/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-client/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java b/tajo-client/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java
index 385f99c..6e16095 100644
--- a/tajo-client/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java
+++ b/tajo-client/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/RowStoreUtil.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public class RowStoreUtil {
   public static int[] getTargetIds(Schema inSchema, Schema outSchema) {
     int[] targetIds = new int[outSchema.size()];
     int i = 0;
-    for (Column target : outSchema.getColumns()) {
+    for (Column target : outSchema.getRootColumns()) {
       targetIds[i] = inSchema.getColumnId(target.getQualifiedName());
       i++;
     }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Tuple.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Tuple.java b/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Tuple.java
index aec784f..fce10a3 100644
--- a/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Tuple.java
+++ b/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/storage/Tuple.java
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ public interface Tuple extends Cloneable {
 	
 	void put(Datum[] values);
 	
+
 	Datum get(int fieldId);
-	
 	void setOffset(long offset);
 	
 	long getOffset();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/StringUtils.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/StringUtils.java b/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/StringUtils.java
index d035e4a..0a16072 100644
--- a/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/StringUtils.java
+++ b/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/StringUtils.java
@@ -371,4 +371,74 @@ public class StringUtils {
     
     return resultArray;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Concatenate all objects' string with a delimiter string
+   *
+   * @param objects Iterable objects
+   * @param delimiter Delimiter string
+   * @return A joined string
+   */
+  public static String join(Iterable objects, String delimiter) {
+    boolean first = true;
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for(Object object : objects) {
+      if (first) {
+        first = false;
+      } else {
+        sb.append(delimiter);
+      }
+
+      sb.append(object.toString());
+    }
+
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Concatenate all objects' string with the delimiter ", "
+   *
+   * @param objects Iterable objects
+   * @return A joined string
+   */
+  public static String join(Object[] objects) {
+    return join(objects, ", ", 0, objects.length);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Concatenate all objects' string with a delimiter string
+   *
+   * @param objects object array
+   * @param delimiter Delimiter string
+   * @param startIndex the begin index to join
+   * @return A joined string
+   */
+  public static String join(Object[] objects, String delimiter, int startIndex) {
+    return join(objects, delimiter, startIndex, objects.length);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Concatenate all objects' string with a delimiter string
+   *
+   * @param objects object array
+   * @param delimiter Delimiter string
+   * @param startIndex the begin index to join
+   * @param length the number of columns to be joined
+   * @return A joined string
+   */
+  public static String join(Object[] objects, String delimiter, int startIndex, int length) {
+    boolean first = true;
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for(int i = startIndex; i + startIndex < length; i++) {
+      if (first) {
+        first = false;
+      } else {
+        sb.append(delimiter);
+      }
+
+      sb.append(objects[i].toString());
+    }
+
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
 }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/TUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/TUtil.java b/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/TUtil.java
index 75f3e2a..2293ef5 100644
--- a/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/TUtil.java
+++ b/tajo-common/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/util/TUtil.java
@@ -240,38 +240,6 @@ public class TUtil {
     }
   }
 
-  public static String collectionToString(Collection objects, String delimiter) {
-    boolean first = true;
-    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-    for(Object object : objects) {
-      if (first) {
-        first = false;
-      } else {
-        sb.append(delimiter);
-      }
-
-      sb.append(object.toString());
-    }
-
-    return sb.toString();
-  }
-
-  public static String arrayToString(Object [] objects) {
-    boolean first = true;
-    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-    for(Object object : objects) {
-      if (first) {
-        first = false;
-      } else {
-        sb.append(", ");
-      }
-
-      sb.append(object.toString());
-    }
-
-    return sb.toString();
-  }
-
   public static <T> T [] toArray(Collection<T> collection, Class<T> type) {
     T array = (T) Array.newInstance(type, collection.size());
     return collection.toArray((T[]) array);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLParser.g4
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLParser.g4 b/tajo-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLParser.g4
index 1a63470..3ab11bd 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLParser.g4
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLParser.g4
@@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@ set_qualifier
   ;
 
 column_reference
-  : ((db_name = identifier DOT)? (tb_name=identifier DOT))? name=identifier
+  : identifier (DOT identifier)*
   ;
 
 as_clause

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLAnalyzer.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLAnalyzer.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLAnalyzer.java
index 6d32fa5..7c99868 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLAnalyzer.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/parser/SQLAnalyzer.java
@@ -1054,14 +1054,17 @@ public class SQLAnalyzer extends SQLParserBaseVisitor<Expr> {
 
   @Override
   public ColumnReferenceExpr visitColumn_reference(SQLParser.Column_referenceContext ctx) {
-    ColumnReferenceExpr column = new ColumnReferenceExpr(ctx.name.getText());
-    if (checkIfExist(ctx.db_name)) {
-      column.setQualifier(CatalogUtil.buildFQName(ctx.db_name.getText(), ctx.tb_name.getText()));
-    } else if (ctx.tb_name != null) {
-      column.setQualifier(ctx.tb_name.getText());
+    String columnReferenceName = ctx.getText();
+    // find the last dot (.) position to separate a name into both a qualifier and name
+    int lastDotIdx = columnReferenceName.lastIndexOf(".");
+
+    if (lastDotIdx > 0) { // if any qualifier is given
+      String qualifier = columnReferenceName.substring(0, lastDotIdx);
+      String name = columnReferenceName.substring(lastDotIdx + 1, columnReferenceName.length());
+      return new ColumnReferenceExpr(qualifier, name);
+    } else {
+      return new ColumnReferenceExpr(ctx.getText());
     }
-
-    return column;
   }
 
   @Override

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/PhysicalPlannerImpl.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/PhysicalPlannerImpl.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/PhysicalPlannerImpl.java
index f132793..506b03e 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/PhysicalPlannerImpl.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/PhysicalPlannerImpl.java
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ import org.apache.tajo.storage.fragment.Fragment;
 import org.apache.tajo.storage.fragment.FragmentConvertor;
 import org.apache.tajo.util.FileUtil;
 import org.apache.tajo.util.IndexUtil;
+import org.apache.tajo.util.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
 import org.apache.tajo.worker.TaskAttemptContext;
 
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ public class PhysicalPlannerImpl implements PhysicalPlanner {
     LOG.info(String.format("[%s] the volume of %s relations (%s) is %s and is %sfit to main maemory.",
         context.getTaskId().toString(),
         (left ? "Left" : "Right"),
-        TUtil.arrayToString(lineage),
+        StringUtils.join(lineage),
         FileUtil.humanReadableByteCount(volume, false),
         (inMemoryInnerJoinFlag ? "" : "not ")));
     return inMemoryInnerJoinFlag;
@@ -398,18 +399,18 @@ public class PhysicalPlannerImpl implements PhysicalPlanner {
       larger = right;
       LOG.info(String.format("[%s] Left relations %s (%s) is smaller than Right relations %s (%s).",
           context.getTaskId().toString(),
-          TUtil.arrayToString(leftLineage),
+          StringUtils.join(leftLineage),
           FileUtil.humanReadableByteCount(leftSize, false),
-          TUtil.arrayToString(rightLineage),
+          StringUtils.join(rightLineage),
           FileUtil.humanReadableByteCount(rightSize, false)));
     } else {
       smaller = right;
       larger = left;
       LOG.info(String.format("[%s] Right relations %s (%s) is smaller than Left relations %s (%s).",
           context.getTaskId().toString(),
-          TUtil.arrayToString(rightLineage),
+          StringUtils.join(rightLineage),
           FileUtil.humanReadableByteCount(rightSize, false),
-          TUtil.arrayToString(leftLineage),
+          StringUtils.join(leftLineage),
           FileUtil.humanReadableByteCount(leftSize, false)));
     }
 
@@ -858,7 +859,7 @@ public class PhysicalPlannerImpl implements PhysicalPlanner {
     } else if (storeTableNode.getType() == NodeType.CREATE_TABLE) {
       int i = 0;
       for (int j = 0; j < partitionKeyColumns.length; j++) {
-        int id = storeTableNode.getOutSchema().getColumns().size() + j;
+        int id = storeTableNode.getOutSchema().getRootColumns().size() + j;
         Column column = storeTableNode.getInSchema().getColumn(id);
         sortSpecs[i++] = new SortSpec(column, true, false);
       }
@@ -1002,7 +1003,7 @@ public class PhysicalPlannerImpl implements PhysicalPlanner {
     sortNode.setInSchema(subOp.getSchema());
     sortNode.setOutSchema(subOp.getSchema());
     ExternalSortExec sortExec = new ExternalSortExec(ctx, sortNode, subOp);
-    LOG.info("The planner chooses [Sort Aggregation] in (" + TUtil.arrayToString(sortSpecs) + ")");
+    LOG.info("The planner chooses [Sort Aggregation] in (" + StringUtils.join(sortSpecs) + ")");
     return new SortAggregateExec(ctx, groupbyNode, sortExec);
   }
 
@@ -1043,7 +1044,7 @@ public class PhysicalPlannerImpl implements PhysicalPlanner {
       sortNode.setInSchema(subOp.getSchema());
       sortNode.setOutSchema(subOp.getSchema());
       child = new ExternalSortExec(context, sortNode, subOp);
-      LOG.info("The planner chooses [Sort Aggregation] in (" + TUtil.arrayToString(sortSpecs) + ")");
+      LOG.info("The planner chooses [Sort Aggregation] in (" + StringUtils.join(sortSpecs) + ")");
     }
 
     return new WindowAggExec(context, windowAggNode, child);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/DataChannel.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/DataChannel.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/DataChannel.java
index 11548d3..ba1b0bf 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/DataChannel.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/DataChannel.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.tajo.ExecutionBlockId;
 import org.apache.tajo.catalog.Column;
 import org.apache.tajo.catalog.Schema;
 import org.apache.tajo.catalog.SchemaUtil;
-import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
+import org.apache.tajo.util.StringUtils;
 
 import static org.apache.tajo.catalog.proto.CatalogProtos.StoreType;
 import static org.apache.tajo.ipc.TajoWorkerProtocol.*;
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ public class DataChannel {
     sb.append(" (type=").append(shuffleType);
     if (hasShuffleKeys()) {
       sb.append(", key=");
-      sb.append(TUtil.arrayToString(shuffleKeys));
+      sb.append(StringUtils.join(shuffleKeys));
       sb.append(", num=").append(numOutputs);
     }
     sb.append(")");

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/GlobalPlanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/GlobalPlanner.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/GlobalPlanner.java
index 36bdf21..ff1955e 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/GlobalPlanner.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/GlobalPlanner.java
@@ -1146,11 +1146,11 @@ public class GlobalPlanner {
 
       Column[] shuffleKeys = new Column[partitionMethod.getExpressionSchema().size()];
       int i = 0, id = 0;
-      for (Column column : partitionMethod.getExpressionSchema().getColumns()) {
+      for (Column column : partitionMethod.getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns()) {
         if (node.getType() == NodeType.INSERT) {
           id = tableSchema.getColumnId(column.getQualifiedName());
         } else {
-          id = tableSchema.getColumns().size() + i;
+          id = tableSchema.getRootColumns().size() + i;
         }
         shuffleKeys[i++] = projectedSchema.getColumn(id);
       }
@@ -1493,7 +1493,7 @@ public class GlobalPlanner {
           addedTableSubQueries.add(copy);
 
           //Find a SubQueryNode which contains all columns in InputSchema matched with Target and OutputSchema's column
-          if (copy.getInSchema().containsAll(copy.getOutSchema().getColumns())) {
+          if (copy.getInSchema().containsAll(copy.getOutSchema().getRootColumns())) {
             for (Target eachTarget : copy.getTargets()) {
               Set<Column> columns = EvalTreeUtil.findUniqueColumns(eachTarget.getEvalTree());
               if (copy.getInSchema().containsAll(columns)) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/builder/DistinctGroupbyBuilder.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/builder/DistinctGroupbyBuilder.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/builder/DistinctGroupbyBuilder.java
index b5e9104..13ed99b 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/builder/DistinctGroupbyBuilder.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/global/builder/DistinctGroupbyBuilder.java
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ public class DistinctGroupbyBuilder {
         // If there is not grouping column, we can't find column alias.
         // Thus we should find the alias at Groupbynode output schema.
         if (groupbyNode.getGroupingColumns().length == 0
-            && aggFunctions.length == groupbyNode.getOutSchema().getColumns().size()) {
+            && aggFunctions.length == groupbyNode.getOutSchema().getRootColumns().size()) {
           aggFunctions[i].setAlias(groupbyNode.getOutSchema().getColumn(i).getQualifiedName());
         }
       }
 
       if (groupbyNode.getGroupingColumns().length == 0
-          && aggFunctions.length == groupbyNode.getOutSchema().getColumns().size()) {
+          && aggFunctions.length == groupbyNode.getOutSchema().getRootColumns().size()) {
         groupbyNode.setAggFunctions(aggFunctions);
       }
 
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ public class DistinctGroupbyBuilder {
     int index = 0;
     for(GroupbyNode eachNode: secondStageDistinctNode.getSubPlans()) {
       eachNode.setInSchema(firstStageDistinctNode.getOutSchema());
-      for (Column column: eachNode.getOutSchema().getColumns()) {
+      for (Column column: eachNode.getOutSchema().getRootColumns()) {
         if (secondStageInSchema.getColumn(column) == null) {
           secondStageInSchema.addColumn(column);
         }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec.java
index e71976c..7c38d36 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec.java
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public class DistinctGroupbyThirdAggregationExec extends UnaryPhysicalExec {
     }
 
     int index = 0;
-    for (Column eachOutputColumn: outSchema.getColumns()) {
+    for (Column eachOutputColumn: outSchema.getRootColumns()) {
       // If column is avg aggregation function, outschema's column type is float
       // but groupbyResultTupleIndex's column type is protobuf
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/PhysicalPlanUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/PhysicalPlanUtil.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/PhysicalPlanUtil.java
index 247b373..7694b2b 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/PhysicalPlanUtil.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/PhysicalPlanUtil.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class PhysicalPlanUtil {
     //In the case of partitioned table, we should return same partition key data files.
     int partitionDepth = 0;
     if (tableDesc.hasPartition()) {
-      partitionDepth = tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getExpressionSchema().getColumns().size();
+      partitionDepth = tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns().size();
     }
 
     List<FileStatus> nonZeroLengthFiles = new ArrayList<FileStatus>();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/SeqScanExec.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/SeqScanExec.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/SeqScanExec.java
index ff9477f..3d95068 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/SeqScanExec.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/physical/SeqScanExec.java
@@ -138,6 +138,8 @@ public class SeqScanExec extends ScanExec {
   public void init() throws IOException {
     Schema projected;
 
+    // in the case where projected column or expression are given
+    // the target can be an empty list.
     if (plan.hasTargets()) {
       projected = new Schema();
       Set<Column> columnSet = new HashSet<Column>();
@@ -150,12 +152,15 @@ public class SeqScanExec extends ScanExec {
         columnSet.addAll(EvalTreeUtil.findUniqueColumns(t.getEvalTree()));
       }
 
-      for (Column column : inSchema.getColumns()) {
+      for (Column column : inSchema.getAllColumns()) {
         if (columnSet.contains(column)) {
           projected.addColumn(column);
         }
       }
+
     } else {
+      // no any projected columns, meaning that all columns should be projected.
+      // TODO - this implicit rule makes code readability bad. So, we should remove it later
       projected = outSchema;
     }
 
@@ -163,7 +168,11 @@ public class SeqScanExec extends ScanExec {
     super.init();
 
     if (plan.hasQual()) {
-      qual.bind(context.getEvalContext(), inSchema);
+      if (scanner.isProjectable()) {
+        qual.bind(context.getEvalContext(), projected);
+      } else {
+        qual.bind(context.getEvalContext(), inSchema);
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -175,7 +184,7 @@ public class SeqScanExec extends ScanExec {
   }
 
   private void initScanner(Schema projected) throws IOException {
-    this.projector = new Projector(context, inSchema, outSchema, plan.getTargets());
+    
     TableMeta meta;
     try {
       meta = (TableMeta) plan.getTableDesc().getMeta().clone();
@@ -186,6 +195,7 @@ public class SeqScanExec extends ScanExec {
     // set system default properties
     PlannerUtil.applySystemDefaultToTableProperties(context.getQueryContext(), meta);
 
+    // Why we should check nullity? See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/TAJO-1422
     if (fragments != null) {
       if (fragments.length > 1) {
         this.scanner = new MergeScanner(context.getConf(), plan.getPhysicalSchema(), meta,
@@ -198,6 +208,17 @@ public class SeqScanExec extends ScanExec {
             plan.getPhysicalSchema(), fragments[0], projected);
       }
       scanner.init();
+
+      // See Scanner.isProjectable() method Depending on the result of isProjectable(),
+      // the width of retrieved tuple is changed.
+      //
+      // If TRUE, the retrieved tuple will contain only projected fields.
+      // If FALSE, the retrieved tuple will contain projected fields and NullDatum for non-projected fields.
+      if (scanner.isProjectable()) {
+        this.projector = new Projector(context, projected, outSchema, plan.getTargets());
+      } else {
+        this.projector = new Projector(context, inSchema, outSchema, plan.getTargets());
+      }
     }
   }
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleCacheScanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleCacheScanner.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleCacheScanner.java
index ba25172..0fd2fbe 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleCacheScanner.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleCacheScanner.java
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public class TupleCacheScanner implements Scanner {
 
   @Override
   public boolean isProjectable() {
-    return true;
+    return false;
   }
 
   @Override

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleUtil.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleUtil.java
index 3a0a1c7..c01900a 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleUtil.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/utils/TupleUtil.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class TupleUtil {
     }
 
     int i = 0;
-    for (Column col : sortSchema.getColumns()) {
+    for (Column col : sortSchema.getRootColumns()) {
       ColumnStats columnStat = statMap.get(col);
       if (columnStat == null) {
         continue;
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public class TupleUtil {
       statSet.put(stat.getColumn(), stat);
     }
 
-    for (Column col : target.getColumns()) {
+    for (Column col : target.getRootColumns()) {
       Preconditions.checkState(statSet.containsKey(col),
           "ERROR: Invalid Column Stats (column stats: " + colStats + ", there exists not target " + col);
     }
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public class TupleUtil {
     // In outer join, empty table could be searched.
     // As a result, min value and max value would be null.
     // So, we should put NullDatum for this case.
-    for (Column col : target.getColumns()) {
+    for (Column col : target.getRootColumns()) {
       if (sortSpecs[sortSpecIndex].isAscending()) {
         if (statSet.get(col).getMinValue() != null)
           startTuple.put(i, statSet.get(col).getMinValue());
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public class TupleUtil {
         else
           endTuple.put(i, DatumFactory.createNullDatum());
       }
-      if (target.getColumns().size() == sortSpecs.length) {
+      if (target.getRootColumns().size() == sortSpecs.length) {
         // Not composite column sort
         sortSpecIndex++;
       }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner.java
index 804821b..9c0bd48 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultFileScanner implements NonForwardQueryResultSc
       StringBuffer path = new StringBuffer();
       int depth = 0;
       if (tableDesc.hasPartition()) {
-        for (Column c : tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getExpressionSchema().getColumns()) {
+        for (Column c : tableDesc.getPartitionMethod().getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns()) {
           String partitionValue = EvalTreeUtil.getPartitionValue(scanNode.getQual(), c.getSimpleName());
           if (partitionValue == null)
             break;

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner.java b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner.java
index 958c252..6c9b485 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tajo/master/exec/NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner.java
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getTablespaces(Schema outSchema) {
     List<TablespaceProto> tablespaces = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllTablespaces();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(tablespaces.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (TablespaceProto tablespace: tablespaces) {
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getDatabases(Schema outSchema) {
     List<DatabaseProto> databases = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllDatabases();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(databases.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (DatabaseProto database: databases) {
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getTables(Schema outSchema) {
     List<TableDescriptorProto> tables = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllTables();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(tables.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (TableDescriptorProto table: tables) {
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getColumns(Schema outSchema) {
     List<ColumnProto> columnsList = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllColumns();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(columnsList.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     int columnId = 1, prevtid = -1, tid = 0;
     
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getIndexes(Schema outSchema) {
     List<IndexProto> indexList = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllIndexes();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(indexList.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (IndexProto index: indexList) {
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getAllTableOptions(Schema outSchema) {
     List<TableOptionProto> optionList = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllTableOptions();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(optionList.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (TableOptionProto option: optionList) {
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getAllTableStats(Schema outSchema) {
     List<TableStatsProto> statList = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllTableStats();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(statList.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (TableStatsProto stat: statList) {
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   private List<Tuple> getAllPartitions(Schema outSchema) {
     List<TablePartitionProto> partitionList = masterContext.getCatalog().getAllPartitions();
     List<Tuple> tuples = new ArrayList<Tuple>(partitionList.size());
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple;
     
     for (TablePartitionProto partition: partitionList) {
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   }
   
   private Tuple getQueryMasterTuple(Schema outSchema, Worker aWorker) {
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple = new VTuple(outSchema.size());
     WorkerResource aResource = aWorker.getResource();
     
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ public class NonForwardQueryResultSystemScanner implements NonForwardQueryResult
   }
   
   private Tuple getWorkerTuple(Schema outSchema, Worker aWorker) {
-    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getColumns();
+    List<Column> columns = outSchema.getRootColumns();
     Tuple aTuple = new VTuple(outSchema.size());
     WorkerResource aResource = aWorker.getResource();
     

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/main/resources/webapps/admin/catalogview.jsp
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/main/resources/webapps/admin/catalogview.jsp b/tajo-core/src/main/resources/webapps/admin/catalogview.jsp
index 1ff81a6..e014379 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/main/resources/webapps/admin/catalogview.jsp
+++ b/tajo-core/src/main/resources/webapps/admin/catalogview.jsp
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 <%@ page import="java.util.Collection" %>
 <%@ page import="java.util.List" %>
 <%@ page import="java.util.Map" %>
-<%@ page import="org.apache.tajo.service.ServiceTracker" %>
 <%
   TajoMaster master = (TajoMaster) StaticHttpServer.getInstance().getAttribute("tajo.info.server.object");
   CatalogService catalog = master.getCatalog();
@@ -143,7 +142,7 @@
           <div style='margin-top:5px'>
 <%
     if(tableDesc != null) {
-      List<Column> columns = tableDesc.getSchema().getColumns();
+      List<Column> columns = tableDesc.getSchema().getRootColumns();
       out.write("<table border='1' class='border_table'><tr><th>No</th><th>Column name</th><th>Type</th></tr>");
       int columnIndex = 1;
       for(Column eachColumn: columns) {
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@
 
       if (tableDesc.getPartitionMethod() != null) {
         PartitionMethodDesc partition = tableDesc.getPartitionMethod();
-        List<Column> partitionColumns = partition.getExpressionSchema().getColumns();
+        List<Column> partitionColumns = partition.getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns();
         String partitionColumnStr = "";
         String prefix = "";
         for (Column eachColumn: partitionColumns) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/function/TestFunctionLoader.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/function/TestFunctionLoader.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/function/TestFunctionLoader.java
index 32b98dd..cf34c33 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/function/TestFunctionLoader.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/function/TestFunctionLoader.java
@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ package org.apache.tajo.engine.function;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 import org.apache.tajo.catalog.FunctionDesc;
-import org.apache.tajo.function.FunctionSignature;
-import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
+import org.apache.tajo.util.StringUtils;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ public class TestFunctionLoader {
   public void testFindScalarFunctions() throws IOException {
     List<FunctionDesc> collections = Lists.newArrayList(FunctionLoader.findScalarFunctions());
     Collections.sort(collections);
-    String functionList = TUtil.collectionToString(collections, "\n");
+    String functionList = StringUtils.join(collections, "\n");
 
     String result = getResultText(TestFunctionLoader.class, "testFindScalarFunctions.result");
     assertEquals(result.trim(), functionList.trim());

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/TestLogicalPlanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/TestLogicalPlanner.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/TestLogicalPlanner.java
index af0aa6a..dfac53d 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/TestLogicalPlanner.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/planner/TestLogicalPlanner.java
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ public class TestLogicalPlanner {
     assertEquals(NodeType.EXPRS, root.getChild().getType());
     Schema out = root.getOutSchema();
 
-    Iterator<Column> it = out.getColumns().iterator();
+    Iterator<Column> it = out.getRootColumns().iterator();
     Column col = it.next();
     assertEquals("res1", col.getSimpleName());
     col = it.next();
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ public class TestLogicalPlanner {
     testJsonSerDerObject(root);
 
     Schema finalSchema = root.getOutSchema();
-    Iterator<Column> it = finalSchema.getColumns().iterator();
+    Iterator<Column> it = finalSchema.getRootColumns().iterator();
     Column col = it.next();
     assertEquals("deptname", col.getSimpleName());
     col = it.next();
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ public class TestLogicalPlanner {
     root = (LogicalRootNode) plan;
 
     finalSchema = root.getOutSchema();
-    it = finalSchema.getColumns().iterator();
+    it = finalSchema.getRootColumns().iterator();
     col = it.next();
     assertEquals("id", col.getSimpleName());
     col = it.next();
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ public class TestLogicalPlanner {
     testJsonSerDerObject(root);
 
     Schema finalSchema = root.getOutSchema();
-    Iterator<Column> it = finalSchema.getColumns().iterator();
+    Iterator<Column> it = finalSchema.getRootColumns().iterator();
     Column col = it.next();
     assertEquals("id", col.getSimpleName());
     col = it.next();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestCTASQuery.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestCTASQuery.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestCTASQuery.java
index f79f703..727b1a2 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestCTASQuery.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestCTASQuery.java
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public class TestCTASQuery extends QueryTestCaseBase {
     assertTrue(desc.getSchema().contains("default.testctaswithouttabledefinition.col1"));
     PartitionMethodDesc partitionDesc = desc.getPartitionMethod();
     assertEquals(partitionDesc.getPartitionType(), CatalogProtos.PartitionType.COLUMN);
-    assertEquals("key", partitionDesc.getExpressionSchema().getColumns().get(0).getSimpleName());
+    assertEquals("key", partitionDesc.getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns().get(0).getSimpleName());
 
     FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(testBase.getTestingCluster().getConfiguration());
     Path path = new Path(desc.getPath());
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public class TestCTASQuery extends QueryTestCaseBase {
     assertTrue(catalog.existsTable(DEFAULT_DATABASE_NAME, tableName));
     PartitionMethodDesc partitionDesc = desc.getPartitionMethod();
     assertEquals(partitionDesc.getPartitionType(), CatalogProtos.PartitionType.COLUMN);
-    assertEquals("key", partitionDesc.getExpressionSchema().getColumns().get(0).getSimpleName());
+    assertEquals("key", partitionDesc.getExpressionSchema().getRootColumns().get(0).getSimpleName());
 
     FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(cluster.getConfiguration());
     Path path = new Path(desc.getPath());

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestJoinBroadcast.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestJoinBroadcast.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestJoinBroadcast.java
index 48aea26..a1eceea 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestJoinBroadcast.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestJoinBroadcast.java
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ public class TestJoinBroadcast extends QueryTestCaseBase {
         "select a.o_orderdate, a.o_orderstatus, a.o_orderkey_mod, a.o_totalprice " +
             "from " + tableName +
             " a join "+ tableName + " b on a.o_orderkey = b.o_orderkey " +
-            "where a.o_orderdate = '1993-10-14' and a.o_orderstatus = 'F' and o_orderkey_mod = 1 " +
+            "where a.o_orderdate = '1993-10-14' and a.o_orderstatus = 'F' and a.o_orderkey_mod = 1 " +
             " order by a.o_orderkey"
     );
     String resultSetData = resultSetToString(res);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestSelectNestedRecord.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestSelectNestedRecord.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestSelectNestedRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f8a5fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/engine/query/TestSelectNestedRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tajo.engine.query;
+
+import org.apache.tajo.QueryTestCaseBase;
+import org.apache.tajo.util.TUtil;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+public class TestSelectNestedRecord extends QueryTestCaseBase {
+
+  @Test
+  public final void testSelect1() throws Exception {
+    List<String> tables = executeDDL("sample1_ddl.sql", "sample1", "sample1");
+    assertEquals(TUtil.newList("sample1"), tables);
+
+    ResultSet res = executeQuery();
+    assertResultSet(res);
+    cleanupQuery(res);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public final void testSelect2() throws Exception {
+    List<String> tables = executeDDL("tweets_ddl.sql", "tweets", "tweets");
+    assertEquals(TUtil.newList("tweets"), tables);
+
+    ResultSet res = executeQuery();
+    assertResultSet(res);
+    cleanupQuery(res);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public final void testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1() throws Exception {
+    List<String> tables = executeDDL("tweets_ddl.sql", "tweets", "tweets");
+    assertEquals(TUtil.newList("tweets"), tables);
+
+    ResultSet res = executeQuery();
+    assertResultSet(res);
+    cleanupQuery(res);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public final void testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1() throws Exception {
+    List<String> tables = executeDDL("tweets_ddl.sql", "tweets", "tweets");
+    assertEquals(TUtil.newList("tweets"), tables);
+
+    ResultSet res = executeQuery();
+    assertResultSet(res);
+    cleanupQuery(res);
+  }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/jdbc/TestTajoJdbc.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/jdbc/TestTajoJdbc.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/jdbc/TestTajoJdbc.java
index 0dbb8e5..c8c24cd 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/jdbc/TestTajoJdbc.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/jdbc/TestTajoJdbc.java
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public class TestTajoJdbc extends QueryTestCaseBase {
       TableDesc tableDesc = client.getTableDesc(CatalogUtil.buildFQName(DEFAULT_DATABASE_NAME, tableName));
       assertNotNull(tableDesc);
 
-      List<Column> columns = tableDesc.getSchema().getColumns();
+      List<Column> columns = tableDesc.getSchema().getRootColumns();
 
       while (rs.next()) {
         assertEquals(tableName, rs.getString("TABLE_NAME"));

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/ws/rs/resources/TestQueryResultResource.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/ws/rs/resources/TestQueryResultResource.java b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/ws/rs/resources/TestQueryResultResource.java
index 6fc4ea1..1b23966 100644
--- a/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/ws/rs/resources/TestQueryResultResource.java
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/java/org/apache/tajo/ws/rs/resources/TestQueryResultResource.java
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public class TestQueryResultResource extends QueryTestCaseBase {
     assertNotNull(response.getResultCode());
     assertEquals(ResultCode.OK, response.getResultCode());
     assertNotNull(response.getSchema());
-    assertEquals(16, response.getSchema().getColumns().size());
+    assertEquals(16, response.getSchema().getRootColumns().size());
     assertNotNull(response.getResultset());
     assertTrue(response.getResultset().getId() != 0);
     assertNotNull(response.getResultset().getLink());
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public class TestQueryResultResource extends QueryTestCaseBase {
     assertNotNull(response.getResultCode());
     assertEquals(ResultCode.OK, response.getResultCode());
     assertNotNull(response.getSchema());
-    assertEquals(16, response.getSchema().getColumns().size());
+    assertEquals(16, response.getSchema().getRootColumns().size());
     assertNotNull(response.getResultset());
     assertTrue(response.getResultset().getId() != 0);
     assertNotNull(response.getResultset().getLink());
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ public class TestQueryResultResource extends QueryTestCaseBase {
     assertNotNull(response.getResultCode());
     assertEquals(ResultCode.OK, response.getResultCode());
     assertNotNull(response.getSchema());
-    assertEquals(16, response.getSchema().getColumns().size());
+    assertEquals(16, response.getSchema().getRootColumns().size());
     assertNotNull(response.getResultset());
     assertTrue(response.getResultset().getId() != 0);
     assertNotNull(response.getResultset().getLink());

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1/table.json
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1/table.json b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1/table.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db3ad6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1/table.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{ "title" : "Hand of the King", "name" : { "first_name": "Eddard", "last_name": "Stark"}}
+{ "title" : "Assassin", "name" : { "first_name": "Arya", "last_name": "Stark"}}
+{ "title" : "Dancing Master", "name" : { "first_name": "Syrio", "last_name": "Forel"}}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/tweets/sample1.json
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/tweets/sample1.json b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/tweets/sample1.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78a9071
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/dataset/TestSelectNestedRecord/tweets/sample1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{"coordinates":null,"favorited":false,"truncated":false,"created_at":"Mon Sep 24 03:35:21 +0000 2012","id_str":"250075927172759552","entities":{"urls":[],"hashtags":[{"text":"freebandnames","indices":[20,34]}],"user_mentions":[]},"in_reply_to_user_id_str":null,"contributors":null,"text":"Aggressive Ponytail #freebandnames","metadata":{"iso_language_code":"en","result_type":"recent"},"retweet_count":1,"in_reply_to_status_id_str":null,"id":250075927172759552,"geo":null,"retweeted":false,"in_reply_to_user_id":null,"place":null,"user":{"profile_sidebar_fill_color":"DDEEF6","profile_sidebar_border_color":"C0DEED","profile_background_tile":false,"name":"Sean Cummings","profile_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2359746665/1v6zfgqo8g0d3mk7ii5s_normal.jpeg","created_at":"Mon Apr 26 06:01:55 +0000 2010","location":"LA, CA","follow_request_sent":null,"profile_link_color":"0084B4","is_translator":false,"id_str":"137238150","entities":{"url":{"urls":[{"expanded_url":null,"url":"","i
 ndices":[0,0]}]},"description":{"urls":[]}},"default_profile":true,"contributors_enabled":false,"favourites_count":0,"url":null,"profile_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/2359746665/1v6zfgqo8g0d3mk7ii5s_normal.jpeg","utc_offset":-28800,"id":137238150,"profile_use_background_image":true,"listed_count":2,"profile_text_color":"333333","lang":"en","followers_count":70,"protected":false,"notifications":null,"profile_background_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/images/themes/theme1/bg.png","profile_background_color":"C0DEED","verified":false,"geo_enabled":true,"time_zone":"Pacific Time (US & Canada)","description":"Born 330 Live 310","default_profile_image":false,"profile_background_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/images/themes/theme1/bg.png","statuses_count":579,"friends_count":110,"following":null,"show_all_inline_media":false,"screen_name":"sean_cummings"},"in_reply_to_screen_name":null,"source":"<a>Twitter for Mac<\/a>","in_reply_to_status_id":null}
+{"coordinates":null,"favorited":false,"truncated":false,"created_at":"Fri Sep 21 23:40:54 +0000 2012","id_str":"249292149810667520","entities":{"urls":[],"hashtags":[{"text":"FreeBandNames","indices":[20,34]}],"user_mentions":[]},"in_reply_to_user_id_str":null,"contributors":null,"text":"Thee Namaste Nerdz. #FreeBandNames","metadata":{"iso_language_code":"pl","result_type":"recent"},"retweet_count":2,"in_reply_to_status_id_str":null,"id":249292149810667520,"geo":null,"retweeted":false,"in_reply_to_user_id":null,"place":null,"user":{"profile_sidebar_fill_color":"DDFFCC","profile_sidebar_border_color":"BDDCAD","profile_background_tile":true,"name":"Chaz Martenstein","profile_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/447958234/Lichtenstein_normal.jpg","created_at":"Tue Apr 07 19:05:07 +0000 2009","location":"Durham, NC","follow_request_sent":null,"profile_link_color":"0084B4","is_translator":false,"id_str":"29516238","entities":{"url":{"urls":[{"expanded_url":null,"url":"http://bu
 llcityrecords.com/wnng/","indices":[0,32]}]},"description":{"urls":[]}},"default_profile":false,"contributors_enabled":false,"favourites_count":8,"url":"http://bullcityrecords.com/wnng/","profile_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/447958234/Lichtenstein_normal.jpg","utc_offset":-18000,"id":29516238,"profile_use_background_image":true,"listed_count":118,"profile_text_color":"333333","lang":"en","followers_count":2052,"protected":false,"notifications":null,"profile_background_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/9423277/background_tile.bmp","profile_background_color":"9AE4E8","verified":false,"geo_enabled":false,"time_zone":"Eastern Time (US & Canada)","description":"You will come to Durham, North Carolina. I will sell you some records then, here in Durham, North Carolina. Fun will happen.","default_profile_image":false,"profile_background_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/9423277/background_tile.bmp","statuses_c
 ount":7579,"friends_count":348,"following":null,"show_all_inline_media":true,"screen_name":"bullcityrecords"},"in_reply_to_screen_name":null,"source":"web","in_reply_to_status_id":null}
+{"coordinates":null,"favorited":false,"truncated":false,"created_at":"Fri Sep 21 23:30:20 +0000 2012","id_str":"249289491129438208","entities":{"urls":[],"hashtags":[{"text":"freebandnames","indices":[29,43]}],"user_mentions":[]},"in_reply_to_user_id_str":null,"contributors":null,"text":"Mexican Heaven, Mexican Hell #freebandnames","metadata":{"iso_language_code":"en","result_type":"recent"},"retweet_count":3,"in_reply_to_status_id_str":null,"id":249289491129438208,"geo":null,"retweeted":false,"in_reply_to_user_id":null,"place":null,"user":{"profile_sidebar_fill_color":"99CC33","profile_sidebar_border_color":"829D5E","profile_background_tile":false,"name":"Thomas John Wakeman","profile_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2219333930/Froggystyle_normal.png","created_at":"Tue Sep 01 21:21:35 +0000 2009","location":"Kingston New York","follow_request_sent":null,"profile_link_color":"D02B55","is_translator":false,"id_str":"70789458","entities":{"url":{"urls":[{"expanded_url":n
 ull,"url":"","indices":[0,0]}]},"description":{"urls":[]}},"default_profile":false,"contributors_enabled":false,"favourites_count":19,"url":null,"profile_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/2219333930/Froggystyle_normal.png","utc_offset":-18000,"id":70789458,"profile_use_background_image":true,"listed_count":1,"profile_text_color":"3E4415","lang":"en","followers_count":63,"protected":false,"notifications":null,"profile_background_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/images/themes/theme5/bg.gif","profile_background_color":"352726","verified":false,"geo_enabled":false,"time_zone":"Eastern Time (US & Canada)","description":"Science Fiction Writer, sort of. Likes Superheroes, Mole People, Alt. Timelines.","default_profile_image":false,"profile_background_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/images/themes/theme5/bg.gif","statuses_count":1048,"friends_count":63,"following":null,"show_all_inline_media":false,"screen_name":"MonkiesFist"},"in_reply_to_screen_name":null,"sour
 ce":"web","in_reply_to_status_id":null}
+{"coordinates":null,"favorited":false,"truncated":false,"created_at":"Fri Sep 21 22:51:18 +0000 2012","id_str":"249279667666817024","entities":{"urls":[],"hashtags":[{"text":"freebandnames","indices":[20,34]}],"user_mentions":[]},"in_reply_to_user_id_str":null,"contributors":null,"text":"The Foolish Mortals #freebandnames","metadata":{"iso_language_code":"en","result_type":"recent"},"retweet_count":4,"in_reply_to_status_id_str":null,"id":249279667666817024,"geo":null,"retweeted":false,"in_reply_to_user_id":null,"place":null,"user":{"profile_sidebar_fill_color":"BFAC83","profile_sidebar_border_color":"615A44","profile_background_tile":true,"name":"Marty Elmer","profile_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1629790393/shrinker_2000_trans_normal.png","created_at":"Mon May 04 00:05:00 +0000 2009","location":"Wisconsin, USA","follow_request_sent":null,"profile_link_color":"3B2A26","is_translator":false,"id_str":"37539828","entities":{"url":{"urls":[{"expanded_url":null,"url":"ht
 tp://www.omnitarian.me","indices":[0,24]}]},"description":{"urls":[]}},"default_profile":false,"contributors_enabled":false,"favourites_count":647,"url":"http://www.omnitarian.me","profile_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1629790393/shrinker_2000_trans_normal.png","utc_offset":-21600,"id":37539828,"profile_use_background_image":true,"listed_count":52,"profile_text_color":"000000","lang":"en","followers_count":608,"protected":false,"notifications":null,"profile_background_image_url_https":"https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/106455659/rect6056-9.png","profile_background_color":"EEE3C4","verified":false,"geo_enabled":false,"time_zone":"Central Time (US & Canada)","description":"Cartoonist, Illustrator, and T-Shirt connoisseur","default_profile_image":false,"profile_background_image_url":"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/106455659/rect6056-9.png","statuses_count":3575,"friends_count":249,"following":null,"show_all_inline_media":true,"scree
 n_name":"Omnitarian"},"in_reply_to_screen_name":null,"source":"<a>Twitter for iPhone<\/a>","in_reply_to_status_id":null}
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1_ddl.sql
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1_ddl.sql b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1_ddl.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ba5f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample1_ddl.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE ${0} (
+  title TEXT,
+  name RECORD (
+    first_name TEXT,
+    last_name TEXT
+  )
+) USING JSON LOCATION ${table.path};
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample2_ddl.sql
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample2_ddl.sql b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample2_ddl.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9537c3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/sample2_ddl.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE ${0} (
+  glossary RECORD (
+    title TEXT,
+    "GlossDiv" RECORD (
+      "GlossEntry" RECORD (
+        "ID" TEXT,
+        "SortAs" TEXT,
+        "GlossTerm" TEXT,
+        "Acronym" TEXT,
+        "Abbrev" TEXT,
+        "GlossDef" RECORD (
+          para TEXT
+        ),
+
+        "GlossSee" TEXT
+      )
+    )
+  )
+) USING JSON LOCATION ${path};
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1.sql
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1.sql b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..057ba05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsGroupbyKey1.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+SELECT
+  user.name,
+  sum(retweet_count) as total_retweet
+FROM
+  tweets
+GROUP BY
+  user.name;
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1.sql
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1.sql b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..336840e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testNestedFieldAsJoinKey1.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+SELECT
+  t1.user.id,
+  t1.user.name,
+  t2.user.id,
+  t2.user.name
+FROM
+  tweets t1 join tweets t2 ON t1.user.id = t2.user.id
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect1.sql
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect1.sql b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect1.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b099e77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect1.sql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SELECT title, (name.first_name || ' ' || name.last_name) as full_name FROM sample1;
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/tajo/blob/0d1bf41f/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect2.sql
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect2.sql b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect2.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9993a4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tajo-core/src/test/resources/queries/TestSelectNestedRecord/testSelect2.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+SELECT
+  coordinates,
+  favorited,
+  truncated,
+  created_at,
+  id_str,
+  in_reply_to_user_id_str,
+  contributors,
+  "text",
+  metadata.iso_language_code,
+  metadata.result_type,
+  retweet_count,
+  in_reply_to_status_id_str,
+  id,
+  geo,
+  retweeted,
+  in_reply_to_user_id,
+  place,
+  user.profile_sidebar_fill_color,
+  user.profile_sidebar_border_color,
+  user.profile_background_tile,
+  user.name,
+  user.profile_image_url,
+  user.created_at,
+  user.location,
+  user.follow_request_sent,
+  user.profile_link_color,
+  user.is_translator,
+  user.id_str,
+  user.default_profile,
+  user.contributors_enabled,
+  user.favourites_count,
+  user.url,
+  user.profile_image_url_https,
+  user.utc_offset,
+  user.id,
+  user.profile_use_background_image,
+  user.listed_count,
+  user.profile_text_color,
+  user.lang,
+  user.followers_count,
+  user.protected,
+  user.notifications,
+  user.profile_background_image_url_https,
+  user.profile_background_color,
+  user.verified,
+  user.geo_enabled,
+  user.time_zone,
+  user.description,
+  user.default_profile_image,
+  user.profile_background_image_url,
+  user.statuses_count,
+  user.friends_count,
+  user.following,
+  user.show_all_inline_media,
+  user.screen_name,
+  in_reply_to_screen_name,
+  source,
+  in_reply_to_status_id
+FROM
+  tweets;
\ No newline at end of file