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Posted to commits@commons.apache.org by ah...@apache.org on 2020/06/24 12:59:13 UTC

[commons-statistics] 05/11: Use final

This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

aherbert pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-statistics.git

commit a01bfa87e8c438453c29ba2a4f3e910668494537
Author: aherbert <ah...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Wed Jun 24 12:24:51 2020 +0100

    Use final
---
 .../AbstractDiscreteDistributionTest.java          |  2 +-
 .../distribution/BetaDistributionTest.java         |  8 ++---
 .../distribution/BinomialDistributionTest.java     | 10 +++---
 .../distribution/CauchyDistributionTest.java       |  2 +-
 .../distribution/ChiSquaredDistributionTest.java   |  6 ++--
 .../ConstantContinuousDistributionTest.java        |  4 +--
 .../ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java        | 10 +++---
 .../DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest.java          | 16 ++++-----
 .../distribution/ExponentialDistributionTest.java  |  8 ++---
 .../statistics/distribution/FDistributionTest.java | 16 ++++-----
 .../distribution/GammaDistributionTest.java        | 24 ++++++-------
 .../distribution/GumbelDistributionTest.java       |  4 +--
 .../HypergeometricDistributionTest.java            | 42 +++++++++++-----------
 .../distribution/LaplaceDistributionTest.java      |  4 +--
 .../distribution/LevyDistributionTest.java         |  4 +--
 .../distribution/LogNormalDistributionTest.java    | 28 +++++++--------
 .../distribution/LogisticsDistributionTest.java    |  6 ++--
 .../distribution/NakagamiDistributionTest.java     |  4 +--
 .../distribution/NormalDistributionTest.java       | 16 ++++-----
 .../distribution/ParetoDistributionTest.java       | 24 ++++++-------
 .../distribution/PascalDistributionTest.java       |  2 +-
 .../distribution/PoissonDistributionTest.java      | 22 ++++++------
 .../statistics/distribution/TDistributionTest.java | 18 +++++-----
 .../commons/statistics/distribution/TestUtils.java | 20 +++++------
 .../distribution/TriangularDistributionTest.java   | 18 +++++-----
 .../UniformContinuousDistributionTest.java         |  8 ++---
 .../UniformDiscreteDistributionTest.java           |  6 ++--
 .../distribution/WeibullDistributionTest.java      |  4 +--
 .../distribution/ZipfDistributionTest.java         | 24 ++++++-------
 29 files changed, 180 insertions(+), 180 deletions(-)

diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionTest.java
index d61c483..03c6a6b 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionTest.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class AbstractDiscreteDistributionTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testInverseCumulativeProbabilityMethod() {
-        double precision = 0.000000000000001;
+        final double precision = 0.000000000000001;
         Assertions.assertEquals(1, diceDistribution.inverseCumulativeProbability(0));
         Assertions.assertEquals(1, diceDistribution.inverseCumulativeProbability((1d - Double.MIN_VALUE) / 6d));
         Assertions.assertEquals(2, diceDistribution.inverseCumulativeProbability((1d + precision) / 6d));
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BetaDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BetaDistributionTest.java
index 714ef93..8cbb2fa 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BetaDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BetaDistributionTest.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public class BetaDistributionTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testCumulative() {
-        double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1};
+        final double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1};
         // all test data computed using R 2.5
         checkCumulative(0.1, 0.1,
                         x, new double[]{
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ public class BetaDistributionTest {
     }
 
     private void checkCumulative(double alpha, double beta, double[] x, double[] cumes) {
-        BetaDistribution d = new BetaDistribution(alpha, beta);
+        final BetaDistribution d = new BetaDistribution(alpha, beta);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(cumes[i], d.cumulativeProbability(x[i]), 1e-8);
         }
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public class BetaDistributionTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[]{1e-6, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9};
+        final double[] x = new double[]{1e-6, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9};
         checkDensity(0.1, 0.1,
                      x, new double[]{
                          12741.2357380649, 0.4429889586665234, 2.639378715e-01, 2.066393611e-01,
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ public class BetaDistributionTest {
 
     @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
     private void checkDensity(double alpha, double beta, double[] x, double[] expected) {
-        BetaDistribution d = new BetaDistribution(alpha, beta);
+        final BetaDistribution d = new BetaDistribution(alpha, beta);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             final int index = i;
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), 1e-5,
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BinomialDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BinomialDistributionTest.java
index cbc57ca..d66d799 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BinomialDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/BinomialDistributionTest.java
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class BinomialDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
     /** Test degenerate case p = 0 */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerate0() {
-        BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(5, 0.0d);
+        final BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(5, 0.0d);
         setDistribution(dist);
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new int[] {-1, 0, 1, 5, 10});
         setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0d, 1d, 1d, 1d, 1d});
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public class BinomialDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
     /** Test degenerate case p = 1 */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerate1() {
-        BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(5, 1.0d);
+        final BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(5, 1.0d);
         setDistribution(dist);
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new int[] {-1, 0, 1, 2, 5, 10});
         setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0d, 0d, 0d, 0d, 1d, 1d});
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public class BinomialDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
     /** Test degenerate case n = 0 */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerate2() {
-        BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(0, 0.01d);
+        final BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(0, 0.01d);
         setDistribution(dist);
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new int[] {-1, 0, 1, 2, 5, 10});
         setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0d, 1d, 1d, 1d, 1d, 1d});
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ public class BinomialDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
         // numerically stable.
 
         for (int trials = 500000; trials < 20000000; trials += 100000) {
-            BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(trials, 0.5);
-            int p = dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.5);
+            final BinomialDistribution dist = new BinomialDistribution(trials, 0.5);
+            final int p = dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.5);
             Assertions.assertEquals(trials / 2, p);
         }
     }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/CauchyDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/CauchyDistributionTest.java
index 73e31fc..122db27 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/CauchyDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/CauchyDistributionTest.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class CauchyDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        CauchyDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final CauchyDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.2, distribution.getMedian(), 0.0);
         Assertions.assertEquals(2.1, distribution.getScale(), 0.0);
     }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ChiSquaredDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ChiSquaredDistributionTest.java
index 4fc17b0..b4cfb78 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ChiSquaredDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ChiSquaredDistributionTest.java
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public class ChiSquaredDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        ChiSquaredDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final ChiSquaredDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(5d, distribution.getDegreesOfFreedom(), Double.MIN_VALUE);
     }
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public class ChiSquaredDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 1e-6, 0.5, 1, 2, 5};
+        final double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 1e-6, 0.5, 1, 2, 5};
         //R 2.5: print(dchisq(x, df=1), digits=10)
         checkDensity(1, x, new double[]{0.00000000000, 398.94208093034, 0.43939128947, 0.24197072452, 0.10377687436, 0.01464498256});
         //R 2.5: print(dchisq(x, df=0.1), digits=10)
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public class ChiSquaredDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
     }
 
     private void checkDensity(double df, double[] x, double[] expected) {
-        ChiSquaredDistribution d = new ChiSquaredDistribution(df);
+        final ChiSquaredDistribution d = new ChiSquaredDistribution(df);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), 1e-5);
         }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ConstantContinuousDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ConstantContinuousDistributionTest.java
index bc4a2cf..58f4c5a 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ConstantContinuousDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ConstantContinuousDistributionTest.java
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public class ConstantContinuousDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAb
     @Override
     @Test
     public void testInverseCumulativeProbabilities() {
-        ContinuousDistribution dist = getDistribution();
-        for (double x : getCumulativeTestValues()) {
+        final ContinuousDistribution dist = getDistribution();
+        for (final double x : getCumulativeTestValues()) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(1, dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(x), 0);
         }
     }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java
index 39178d9..6e517ee 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public abstract class ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
                 } else {
                     try {
                         distribution.probability(cumulativeTestPoints[i], cumulativeTestPoints[j]);
-                    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    } catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {
                         continue;
                     }
                     Assertions.fail("distribution.probability(double, double) should have thrown an exception that second argument is too large");
@@ -279,11 +279,11 @@ public abstract class ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
                                    tolerance);
 
             // check that P(a < X <= b) = P(X <= b) - P(X <= a)
-            double upper = Math.max(cumulativeTestPoints[i], cumulativeTestPoints[i - 1]);
-            double lower = Math.min(cumulativeTestPoints[i], cumulativeTestPoints[i - 1]);
-            double diff = distribution.cumulativeProbability(upper) -
+            final double upper = Math.max(cumulativeTestPoints[i], cumulativeTestPoints[i - 1]);
+            final double lower = Math.min(cumulativeTestPoints[i], cumulativeTestPoints[i - 1]);
+            final double diff = distribution.cumulativeProbability(upper) -
                 distribution.cumulativeProbability(lower);
-            double direct = distribution.probability(lower, upper);
+            final double direct = distribution.probability(lower, upper);
             TestUtils.assertEquals("Inconsistent probability for (" +
                                    lower + "," + upper + ")", diff, direct, tolerance);
         }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest.java
index 0961f44..b60ff9f 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest.java
@@ -273,13 +273,13 @@ public abstract class DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSampling() {
-        int[] densityPoints = makeDensityTestPoints();
-        double[] densityValues = makeDensityTestValues();
-        int sampleSize = 1000;
-        int length = TestUtils.eliminateZeroMassPoints(densityPoints, densityValues);
-        AbstractDiscreteDistribution dist = (AbstractDiscreteDistribution) makeDistribution();
-        double[] expectedCounts = new double[length];
-        long[] observedCounts = new long[length];
+        final int[] densityPoints = makeDensityTestPoints();
+        final double[] densityValues = makeDensityTestValues();
+        final int sampleSize = 1000;
+        final int length = TestUtils.eliminateZeroMassPoints(densityPoints, densityValues);
+        final AbstractDiscreteDistribution dist = (AbstractDiscreteDistribution) makeDistribution();
+        final double[] expectedCounts = new double[length];
+        final long[] observedCounts = new long[length];
         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
             expectedCounts[i] = sampleSize * densityValues[i];
         }
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ public abstract class DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
         final DiscreteDistribution.Sampler sampler =
             dist.createSampler(RandomSource.create(RandomSource.WELL_512_A,
                                                            1000));
-        int[] sample = AbstractDiscreteDistribution.sample(sampleSize, sampler);
+        final int[] sample = AbstractDiscreteDistribution.sample(sampleSize, sampler);
         for (int i = 0; i < sampleSize; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) {
                 if (sample[i] == densityPoints[j]) {
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ExponentialDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ExponentialDistributionTest.java
index 0202be6..4750e74 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ExponentialDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ExponentialDistributionTest.java
@@ -83,20 +83,20 @@ public class ExponentialDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractT
 
     @Test
     public void testCumulativeProbability2() {
-        double actual = getDistribution().probability(0.25, 0.75);
+        final double actual = getDistribution().probability(0.25, 0.75);
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.0905214, actual, 10e-4);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        ExponentialDistribution d1 = new ExponentialDistribution(1);
+        final ExponentialDistribution d1 = new ExponentialDistribution(1);
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.equals(0.0, d1.density(-1e-9), 1));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.equals(1.0, d1.density(0.0), 1));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.equals(0.0, d1.density(1000.0), 1));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.equals(Math.exp(-1), d1.density(1.0), 1));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.equals(Math.exp(-2), d1.density(2.0), 1));
 
-        ExponentialDistribution d2 = new ExponentialDistribution(3);
+        final ExponentialDistribution d2 = new ExponentialDistribution(3);
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.equals(1 / 3.0, d2.density(0.0), 1));
         // computed using  print(dexp(1, rate=1/3), digits=10) in R 2.5
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.2388437702, d2.density(1.0), 1e-8);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public class ExponentialDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractT
 
     @Test
     public void testMeanAccessors() {
-        ExponentialDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final ExponentialDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(5d, distribution.getMean(), Double.MIN_VALUE);
     }
 
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/FDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/FDistributionTest.java
index cb59564..dfe4a52 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/FDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/FDistributionTest.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public class FDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        FDistribution dist = makeDistribution();
+        final FDistribution dist = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(5d, dist.getNumeratorDegreesOfFreedom(), Double.MIN_VALUE);
         Assertions.assertEquals(6d, dist.getDenominatorDegreesOfFreedom(), Double.MIN_VALUE);
     }
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ public class FDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testLargeDegreesOfFreedom() {
-        FDistribution fd = new FDistribution(100000, 100000);
-        double p = fd.cumulativeProbability(.999);
-        double x = fd.inverseCumulativeProbability(p);
+        final FDistribution fd = new FDistribution(100000, 100000);
+        final double p = fd.cumulativeProbability(.999);
+        final double x = fd.inverseCumulativeProbability(p);
         Assertions.assertEquals(.999, x, 1.0e-5);
     }
 
@@ -139,11 +139,11 @@ public class FDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
         // this test was failing due to inaccurate results from ContinuedFraction.
 
         try {
-            double prob = 0.01;
-            FDistribution f = new FDistribution(200000, 200000);
-            double result = f.inverseCumulativeProbability(prob);
+            final double prob = 0.01;
+            final FDistribution f = new FDistribution(200000, 200000);
+            final double result = f.inverseCumulativeProbability(prob);
             Assertions.assertTrue(result < 1.0);
-        } catch (AssertionError ex) {
+        } catch (final AssertionError ex) {
             Assertions.fail("Failing to calculate inverse cumulative probability");
         }
     }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GammaDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GammaDistributionTest.java
index d58a519..c4db0a2 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GammaDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GammaDistributionTest.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        GammaDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final GammaDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(4d, distribution.getShape(), 0);
         Assertions.assertEquals(2d, distribution.getScale(), 0);
     }
@@ -123,20 +123,20 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     }
 
     private void testProbability(double x, double a, double b, double expected) {
-        GammaDistribution distribution = new GammaDistribution(a, b);
-        double actual = distribution.cumulativeProbability(x);
+        final GammaDistribution distribution = new GammaDistribution(a, b);
+        final double actual = distribution.cumulativeProbability(x);
         Assertions.assertEquals(expected, actual, 10e-4, () -> "probability for " + x);
     }
 
     private void testValue(double expected, double a, double b, double p) {
-        GammaDistribution distribution = new GammaDistribution(a, b);
-        double actual = distribution.inverseCumulativeProbability(p);
+        final GammaDistribution distribution = new GammaDistribution(a, b);
+        final double actual = distribution.inverseCumulativeProbability(p);
         Assertions.assertEquals(expected, actual, 10e-4, () -> "critical value for " + p);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 1e-6, 0.5, 1, 2, 5};
+        final double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 1e-6, 0.5, 1, 2, 5};
         // R2.5: print(dgamma(x, shape=1, rate=1), digits=10)
         checkDensity(1, 1, x, new double[]{0.000000000000, 0.999999000001, 0.606530659713, 0.367879441171, 0.135335283237, 0.006737946999});
         // R2.5: print(dgamma(x, shape=2, rate=1), digits=10)
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     }
 
     private void checkDensity(double alpha, double rate, double[] x, double[] expected) {
-        GammaDistribution d = new GammaDistribution(alpha, 1 / rate);
+        final GammaDistribution d = new GammaDistribution(alpha, 1 / rate);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), Math.abs(expected[i]) * 1e-5);
         }
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testLogDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 1e-6, 0.5, 1, 2, 5};
+        final double[] x = new double[]{-0.1, 1e-6, 0.5, 1, 2, 5};
         final double inf = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
         // R2.5: print(dgamma(x, shape=1, rate=1, log=TRUE), digits=10)
         checkLogDensity(1, 1, x, new double[]{-inf, -1e-06, -5e-01, -1e+00, -2e+00, -5e+00});
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     }
 
     private void checkLogDensity(double alpha, double rate, double[] x, double[] expected) {
-        GammaDistribution d = new GammaDistribution(alpha, 1 / rate);
+        final GammaDistribution d = new GammaDistribution(alpha, 1 / rate);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.logDensity(x[i]), Math.abs(expected[i]) * 1e-5);
         }
@@ -215,8 +215,8 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
         if (Double.isNaN(x) || (x <= 0.0)) {
             ret = Double.NaN;
         } else {
-            double sum = LanczosApproximation.value(x);
-            double tmp = x + LanczosApproximation.g() + .5;
+            final double sum = LanczosApproximation.value(x);
+            final double tmp = x + LanczosApproximation.g() + .5;
             ret = ((x + .5) * Math.log(tmp)) - tmp +
                 HALF_LOG_2_PI + Math.log(sum / x);
         }
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ public class GammaDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
                 Assertions.assertTrue(newMean <= meanOF, msg);
                 Assertions.assertTrue(newSd <= sdOF, msg);
             }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
+        } catch (final IOException e) {
             Assertions.fail(e.getMessage());
         } finally {
             in.close();
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GumbelDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GumbelDistributionTest.java
index 61268f2..0acdc39 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GumbelDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/GumbelDistributionTest.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class GumbelDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        GumbelDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final GumbelDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.5, d.getLocation(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertEquals(2, d.getScale(), Precision.EPSILON);
     }
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public class GumbelDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testSupport() {
-        GumbelDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final GumbelDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportLowerBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportUpperBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(d.isSupportConnected());
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/HypergeometricDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/HypergeometricDistributionTest.java
index 539dfab..835aa67 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/HypergeometricDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/HypergeometricDistributionTest.java
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
     /** Verify that if there are no failures, mass is concentrated on sampleSize */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerateNoFailures() {
-        HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 5, 3);
+        final HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 5, 3);
         setDistribution(dist);
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new int[] {-1, 0, 1, 3, 10 });
         setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0d, 0d, 0d, 1d, 1d});
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
     /** Verify that if there are no successes, mass is concentrated on 0 */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerateNoSuccesses() {
-        HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 0, 3);
+        final HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 0, 3);
         setDistribution(dist);
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new int[] {-1, 0, 1, 3, 10 });
         setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0d, 1d, 1d, 1d, 1d});
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
     /** Verify that if sampleSize = populationSize, mass is concentrated on numberOfSuccesses */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerateFullSample() {
-        HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 3, 5);
+        final HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 3, 5);
         setDistribution(dist);
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new int[] {-1, 0, 1, 3, 10 });
         setCumulativeTestValues(new double[] {0d, 0d, 0d, 1d, 1d});
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 3, 4);
+        final HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(5, 3, 4);
         Assertions.assertEquals(5, dist.getPopulationSize());
         Assertions.assertEquals(3, dist.getNumberOfSuccesses());
         Assertions.assertEquals(4, dist.getSampleSize());
@@ -202,10 +202,10 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
 
     @Test
     public void testLargeValues() {
-        int populationSize = 3456;
-        int sampleSize = 789;
-        int numberOfSucceses = 101;
-        double[][] data = {
+        final int populationSize = 3456;
+        final int sampleSize = 789;
+        final int numberOfSucceses = 101;
+        final double[][] data = {
             {0.0, 2.75646034603961e-12, 2.75646034603961e-12, 1.0},
             {1.0, 8.55705370142386e-11, 8.83269973602783e-11, 0.999999999997244},
             {2.0, 1.31288129219665e-9, 1.40120828955693e-9, 0.999999999911673},
@@ -233,29 +233,29 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
 
     private void testHypergeometricDistributionProbabilities(int populationSize, int sampleSize,
         int numberOfSucceses, double[][] data) {
-        HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(populationSize, numberOfSucceses, sampleSize);
+        final HypergeometricDistribution dist = new HypergeometricDistribution(populationSize, numberOfSucceses, sampleSize);
         for (int i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) {
-            int x = (int)data[i][0];
-            double pmf = data[i][1];
-            double actualPmf = dist.probability(x);
+            final int x = (int)data[i][0];
+            final double pmf = data[i][1];
+            final double actualPmf = dist.probability(x);
             TestUtils.assertRelativelyEquals("Expected equals for <" + x + "> pmf", pmf, actualPmf, 1.0e-9);
 
-            double cdf = data[i][2];
-            double actualCdf = dist.cumulativeProbability(x);
+            final double cdf = data[i][2];
+            final double actualCdf = dist.cumulativeProbability(x);
             TestUtils.assertRelativelyEquals("Expected equals for <" + x + "> cdf", cdf, actualCdf, 1.0e-9);
 
-            double cdf1 = data[i][3];
-            double actualCdf1 = dist.upperCumulativeProbability(x);
+            final double cdf1 = data[i][3];
+            final double actualCdf1 = dist.upperCumulativeProbability(x);
             TestUtils.assertRelativelyEquals("Expected equals for <" + x + "> cdf1", cdf1, actualCdf1, 1.0e-9);
         }
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testMoreLargeValues() {
-        int populationSize = 26896;
-        int sampleSize = 895;
-        int numberOfSucceses = 55;
-        double[][] data = {
+        final int populationSize = 26896;
+        final int sampleSize = 895;
+        final int numberOfSucceses = 55;
+        final double[][] data = {
             {0.0, 0.155168304750504, 0.155168304750504, 1.0},
             {1.0, 0.29437545000746, 0.449543754757964, 0.844831695249496},
             {2.0, 0.273841321577003, 0.723385076334967, 0.550456245242036},
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ public class HypergeometricDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstract
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.compareTo(dist.cumulativeProbability(k), 0.0, 1) > 0);
 
         // another way to calculate the upper cumulative probability
-        double upper = 1.0 - dist.cumulativeProbability(k) + dist.probability(k);
+        final double upper = 1.0 - dist.cumulativeProbability(k) + dist.probability(k);
         Assertions.assertTrue(Precision.compareTo(1.0, upper, 1) == 0);
     }
 
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LaplaceDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LaplaceDistributionTest.java
index da54db5..0272cbb 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LaplaceDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LaplaceDistributionTest.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class LaplaceDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        LaplaceDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LaplaceDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(0, d.getLocation(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertEquals(1, d.getScale(), Precision.EPSILON);
     }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class LaplaceDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest
 
     @Test
     public void testSupport() {
-        LaplaceDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LaplaceDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportLowerBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportUpperBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(d.isSupportConnected());
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LevyDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LevyDistributionTest.java
index 9ab0958..7718367 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LevyDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LevyDistributionTest.java
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class LevyDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        LevyDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LevyDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.2, d.getLocation(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.4, d.getScale(), Precision.EPSILON);
     }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class LevyDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testSupport() {
-        LevyDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LevyDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(d.getLocation(), d.getSupportLowerBound(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportUpperBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(d.isSupportConnected());
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogNormalDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogNormalDistributionTest.java
index 7f74e25..8ef02b8 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogNormalDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogNormalDistributionTest.java
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
         // Exclude the test points less than zero, as they have cumulative
         // probability of zero, meaning the inverse returns zero, and not the
         // points less than zero.
-        double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
-        double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 4];
+        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
+        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 4];
         System.arraycopy(points, 4, points2, 0, points2.length - 4);
         return points2;
         //return Arrays.copyOfRange(points, 4, points.length - 4);
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
         // Exclude the test points less than zero, as they have cumulative
         // probability of zero, meaning the inverse returns zero, and not the
         // points less than zero.
-        double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
-        double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 4];
+        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
+        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 4];
         System.arraycopy(points, 4, points2, 0, points2.length - 4);
         return points2;
         //return Arrays.copyOfRange(points, 1, points.length - 4);
@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
     //-------------------- Additional test cases -------------------------------
 
     private void verifyQuantiles() {
-        LogNormalDistribution distribution = (LogNormalDistribution)getDistribution();
-        double mu = distribution.getScale();
-        double sigma = distribution.getShape();
+        final LogNormalDistribution distribution = (LogNormalDistribution)getDistribution();
+        final double mu = distribution.getScale();
+        final double sigma = distribution.getShape();
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new double[] {mu - 2 * sigma, mu - sigma,
                                               mu,             mu + sigma,
                                               mu + 2 * sigma, mu + 3 * sigma,
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        LogNormalDistribution distribution = (LogNormalDistribution)getDistribution();
+        final LogNormalDistribution distribution = (LogNormalDistribution)getDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(2.1, distribution.getScale(), 0);
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.4, distribution.getShape(), 0);
     }
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[]{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
+        final double[] x = new double[]{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
         // R 2.13: print(dlnorm(c(-2,-1,0,1,2)), digits=10)
         checkDensity(0, 1, x, new double[] {0.0000000000, 0.0000000000,
                                             0.0000000000, 0.3989422804,
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
                               double shape,
                               double[] x,
                               double[] expected) {
-        LogNormalDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(scale, shape);
+        final LogNormalDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(scale, shape);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), 1e-9);
         }
@@ -227,9 +227,9 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
      */
     @Test
     public void testExtremeValues() {
-        LogNormalDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1);
+        final LogNormalDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1);
         for (int i = 0; i < 1e5; i++) { // make sure no convergence exception
-            double upperTail = d.cumulativeProbability(i);
+            final double upperTail = d.cumulativeProbability(i);
             if (i <= 72) { // make sure not top-coded
                 Assertions.assertTrue(upperTail < 1.0d);
             } else { // make sure top coding not reversed
@@ -245,8 +245,8 @@ public class LogNormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
 
     @Test
     public void testTinyVariance() {
-        LogNormalDistribution dist = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1e-9);
-        double t = dist.getVariance();
+        final LogNormalDistribution dist = new LogNormalDistribution(0, 1e-9);
+        final double t = dist.getVariance();
         Assertions.assertEquals(1e-18, t, 1e-20);
     }
 }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogisticsDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogisticsDistributionTest.java
index 8170b54..700dd44 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogisticsDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/LogisticsDistributionTest.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class LogisticsDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
 
     @Test
     public void testParametersAccessors() {
-        LogisticDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LogisticDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(2, d.getLocation(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertEquals(5, d.getScale(), Precision.EPSILON);
     }
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class LogisticsDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
 
     @Test
     public void testMeanAndVariance() {
-        LogisticDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LogisticDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         // Constructor 'location' parameter = mean
         Assertions.assertEquals(2.0, d.getMean());
         // Variance = (s^2 * pi^2) / 3
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public class LogisticsDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTes
 
     @Test
     public void testSupport() {
-        LogisticDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final LogisticDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportLowerBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportUpperBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(d.isSupportConnected());
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NakagamiDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NakagamiDistributionTest.java
index 542bffc..c6fab0c 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NakagamiDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NakagamiDistributionTest.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public class NakagamiDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        NakagamiDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final NakagamiDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.5, d.getShape(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertEquals(1, d.getScale(), Precision.EPSILON);
     }
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public class NakagamiDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest
 
     @Test
     public void testSupport() {
-        NakagamiDistribution d = makeDistribution();
+        final NakagamiDistribution d = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(0, d.getSupportLowerBound(), Precision.EPSILON);
         Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isInfinite(d.getSupportUpperBound()));
         Assertions.assertTrue(d.isSupportConnected());
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NormalDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NormalDistributionTest.java
index 5ca01e2..e1902f8 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NormalDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/NormalDistributionTest.java
@@ -115,16 +115,16 @@ public class NormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     @Test
     public void testCumulativeProbability() {
         final ContinuousDistribution dist = new NormalDistribution(0, 1);
-        double x = -10;
-        double expected = 7.61985e-24;
-        double v = dist.cumulativeProbability(x);
-        double tol = 1e-5;
+        final double x = -10;
+        final double expected = 7.61985e-24;
+        final double v = dist.cumulativeProbability(x);
+        final double tol = 1e-5;
         Assertions.assertEquals(1, v / expected, 1e-5);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        NormalDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final NormalDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(2.1, distribution.getMean(), 0);
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.4, distribution.getStandardDeviation(), 0);
     }
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public class NormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[] {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
+        final double[] x = new double[] {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
         // R 2.5: print(dnorm(c(-2,-1,0,1,2)), digits=10)
         checkDensity(0, 1, x, new double[] {0.05399096651, 0.24197072452, 0.39894228040, 0.24197072452, 0.05399096651});
         // R 2.5: print(dnorm(c(-2,-1,0,1,2), mean=1.1), digits=10)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public class NormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     }
 
     private void checkDensity(double mean, double sd, double[] x, double[] expected) {
-        NormalDistribution d = new NormalDistribution(mean, sd);
+        final NormalDistribution d = new NormalDistribution(mean, sd);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), 1e-9);
         }
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ public class NormalDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testMath280() {
-        NormalDistribution normal = new NormalDistribution(0, 1);
+        final NormalDistribution normal = new NormalDistribution(0, 1);
         double result = normal.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.9986501019683698);
         Assertions.assertEquals(3.0, result, DEFAULT_TOLERANCE);
         result = normal.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.841344746068543);
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ParetoDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ParetoDistributionTest.java
index 96431ba..bd19bfc 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ParetoDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ParetoDistributionTest.java
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
         // Exclude the test points less than zero, as they have cumulative
         // probability of zero, meaning the inverse returns zero, and not the
         // points less than zero.
-        double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
-        double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 5];
+        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
+        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 5];
         System.arraycopy(points, 5, points2, 0, points.length - 5);
         return points2;
     }
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
         // Exclude the test points less than zero, as they have cumulative
         // probability of zero, meaning the inverse returns zero, and not the
         // points less than zero.
-        double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
-        double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 5];
+        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
+        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 5];
         System.arraycopy(points, 5, points2, 0, points.length - 5);
         return points2;
     }
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     //-------------------- Additional test cases -------------------------------
 
     private void verifyQuantiles() {
-        ParetoDistribution distribution = (ParetoDistribution)getDistribution();
-        double mu = distribution.getScale();
-        double sigma = distribution.getShape();
+        final ParetoDistribution distribution = (ParetoDistribution)getDistribution();
+        final double mu = distribution.getScale();
+        final double sigma = distribution.getShape();
         setCumulativeTestPoints(new double[] {mu - 2 * sigma, mu - sigma,
                                               mu,             mu + sigma,
                                               mu + 2 * sigma, mu + 3 * sigma,
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        ParetoDistribution distribution = (ParetoDistribution)getDistribution();
+        final ParetoDistribution distribution = (ParetoDistribution)getDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(2.1, distribution.getScale(), 0);
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.4, distribution.getShape(), 0);
     }
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testDensity() {
-        double[] x = new double[] {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
+        final double[] x = new double[] {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2};
         // R 2.14: print(dpareto(c(-2,-1,0,1,2), scale=1, shape=1), digits=10)
         checkDensity(1, 1, x, new double[] {0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 1.00, 0.25});
         // R 2.14: print(dpareto(c(-2,-1,0,1,2), scale=1.1, shape=1), digits=10)
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     private void checkDensity(double scale, double shape, double[] x,
         double[] expected) {
-        ParetoDistribution d = new ParetoDistribution(scale, shape);
+        final ParetoDistribution d = new ParetoDistribution(scale, shape);
         for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected[i], d.density(x[i]), 1e-9);
         }
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@ public class ParetoDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testExtremeValues() {
-        ParetoDistribution d = new ParetoDistribution(1, 1);
+        final ParetoDistribution d = new ParetoDistribution(1, 1);
         for (int i = 0; i < 1e5; i++) { // make sure no convergence exception
-            double upperTail = d.cumulativeProbability(i);
+            final double upperTail = d.cumulativeProbability(i);
             if (i <= 1000) { // make sure not top-coded
                 Assertions.assertTrue(upperTail < 1.0d);
             } else { // make sure top coding not reversed
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PascalDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PascalDistributionTest.java
index 1e63f99..5698eff 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PascalDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PascalDistributionTest.java
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public class PascalDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        PascalDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final PascalDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(10, distribution.getNumberOfSuccesses());
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.7, distribution.getProbabilityOfSuccess());
     }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PoissonDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PoissonDistributionTest.java
index 317dfd4..bd5beef 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PoissonDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/PoissonDistributionTest.java
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class PoissonDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Override
     public double[] makeInverseCumulativeTestPoints() {
-        DiscreteDistribution dist = getDistribution();
+        final DiscreteDistribution dist = getDistribution();
         return new double[] {0d, 0.018315638886d, 0.018315638890d,
                              0.091578194441d, 0.091578194445d, 0.238103305552d,
                              0.238103305556d, dist.cumulativeProbability(3),
@@ -144,14 +144,14 @@ public class PoissonDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDegenerateInverseCumulativeProbability() {
-        PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(DEFAULT_TEST_POISSON_PARAMETER);
+        final PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(DEFAULT_TEST_POISSON_PARAMETER);
         Assertions.assertEquals(Integer.MAX_VALUE, dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(1.0d));
         Assertions.assertEquals(0, dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(0d));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(10.0);
+        final PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(10.0);
         Assertions.assertEquals(10.0, dist.getMean(), 0.0);
     }
 
@@ -178,12 +178,12 @@ public class PoissonDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
     public void testLargeMeanCumulativeProbability() {
         double mean = 1.0;
         while (mean <= 10000000.0) {
-            PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(mean);
+            final PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(mean);
 
             double x = mean * 2.0;
-            double dx = x / 10.0;
+            final double dx = x / 10.0;
             double p = Double.NaN;
-            double sigma = Math.sqrt(mean);
+            final double sigma = Math.sqrt(mean);
             while (x >= 0) {
                 try {
                     p = dist.cumulativeProbability((int) x);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public class PoissonDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
                     if (x > mean - 2 * sigma) {
                         Assertions.assertTrue(p > 0, "Zero cumulative probaility");
                     }
-                } catch (AssertionError ex) {
+                } catch (final AssertionError ex) {
                     Assertions.fail("mean of " + mean + " and x of " + x + " caused " + ex.getMessage());
                 }
                 x -= dx;
@@ -228,16 +228,16 @@ public class PoissonDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
     public void testLargeMeanInverseCumulativeProbability() {
         double mean = 1.0;
         while (mean <= 100000.0) { // Extended test value: 1E7.  Reduced to limit run time.
-            PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(mean);
+            final PoissonDistribution dist = new PoissonDistribution(mean);
             double p = 0.1;
-            double dp = p;
+            final double dp = p;
             while (p < .99) {
                 try {
-                    int ret = dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(p);
+                    final int ret = dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(p);
                     // Verify that returned value satisties definition
                     Assertions.assertTrue(p <= dist.cumulativeProbability(ret));
                     Assertions.assertTrue(p > dist.cumulativeProbability(ret - 1));
-                } catch (AssertionError ex) {
+                } catch (final AssertionError ex) {
                     Assertions.fail("mean of " + mean + " and p of " + p + " caused " + ex.getMessage());
                 }
                 p += dp;
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TDistributionTest.java
index 742200d..b3af9f5 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TDistributionTest.java
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public class TDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCumulativeProbabilityAgainstStackOverflow() {
-        TDistribution td = new TDistribution(5.);
+        final TDistribution td = new TDistribution(5.);
         td.cumulativeProbability(.1);
         td.cumulativeProbability(.01);
     }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public class TDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        TDistribution dist = makeDistribution();
+        final TDistribution dist = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(5d, dist.getDegreesOfFreedom(), Double.MIN_VALUE);
     }
 
@@ -150,11 +150,11 @@ public class TDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void nistData() {
-        double[] prob = new double[]{0.10, 0.05, 0.025, 0.01, 0.005, 0.001};
-        double[] args2 = new double[]{1.886, 2.920, 4.303, 6.965, 9.925, 22.327};
-        double[] args10 = new double[]{1.372, 1.812, 2.228, 2.764, 3.169, 4.143};
-        double[] args30 = new double[]{1.310, 1.697, 2.042, 2.457, 2.750, 3.385};
-        double[] args100 = new double[]{1.290, 1.660, 1.984, 2.364, 2.626, 3.174};
+        final double[] prob = new double[]{0.10, 0.05, 0.025, 0.01, 0.005, 0.001};
+        final double[] args2 = new double[]{1.886, 2.920, 4.303, 6.965, 9.925, 22.327};
+        final double[] args10 = new double[]{1.372, 1.812, 2.228, 2.764, 3.169, 4.143};
+        final double[] args30 = new double[]{1.310, 1.697, 2.042, 2.457, 2.750, 3.385};
+        final double[] args100 = new double[]{1.290, 1.660, 1.984, 2.364, 2.626, 3.174};
         TestUtils.assertEquals(prob, makeNistResults(args2, 2), 1.0e-4);
         TestUtils.assertEquals(prob, makeNistResults(args10, 10), 1.0e-4);
         TestUtils.assertEquals(prob, makeNistResults(args30, 30), 1.0e-4);
@@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ public class TDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
     }
 
     private double[] makeNistResults(double[] args, int df) {
-        TDistribution td =  new TDistribution(df);
-        double[] res  = new double[args.length];
+        final TDistribution td =  new TDistribution(df);
+        final double[] res  = new double[args.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < res.length; i++) {
             res[i] = 1.0 - td.cumulativeProbability(args[i]);
         }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TestUtils.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TestUtils.java
index 2e6dde9..adbc375 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TestUtils.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TestUtils.java
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public final class TestUtils {
         } else if (expected == 0.0) {
             Assertions.assertEquals(actual, expected, relativeError, msg);
         } else {
-            double absError = Math.abs(expected) * relativeError;
+            final double absError = Math.abs(expected) * relativeError;
             Assertions.assertEquals(expected, actual, absError, msg);
         }
     }
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public final class TestUtils {
                                     double[] expected,
                                     double[] observed,
                                     double tolerance) {
-        StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(msg);
+        final StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(msg);
         if (expected.length != observed.length) {
             out.append("\n Arrays not same length. \n");
             out.append("expected has length ");
@@ -154,12 +154,12 @@ public final class TestUtils {
                                              double[] expected,
                                              long[] observed,
                                              double alpha) {
-        ChiSquareTest chiSquareTest = new ChiSquareTest();
+        final ChiSquareTest chiSquareTest = new ChiSquareTest();
 
         // Fail if we can reject null hypothesis that distributions are the same
         if (chiSquareTest.chiSquareTest(expected, observed, alpha)) {
-            StringBuilder msgBuffer = new StringBuilder();
-            DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#.##");
+            final StringBuilder msgBuffer = new StringBuilder();
+            final DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#.##");
             msgBuffer.append("Chisquare test failed");
             msgBuffer.append(" p-value = ");
             msgBuffer.append(chiSquareTest.chiSquareTest(expected, observed));
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ public final class TestUtils {
                                              double[] expected,
                                              long[] observed,
                                              double alpha) {
-        String[] labels = new String[values.length];
+        final String[] labels = new String[values.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
             labels[i] = Integer.toString(values[i]);
         }
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ public final class TestUtils {
     public static void assertChiSquareAccept(double[] expected,
                                              long[] observed,
                                              double alpha) {
-        String[] labels = new String[expected.length];
+        final String[] labels = new String[expected.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < labels.length; i++) {
             labels[i] = Integer.toString(i + 1);
         }
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ public final class TestUtils {
      * these values in an array.
      */
     public static double[] getDistributionQuartiles(ContinuousDistribution distribution) {
-        double[] quantiles = new double[3];
+        final double[] quantiles = new double[3];
         quantiles[0] = distribution.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.25d);
         quantiles[1] = distribution.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.5d);
         quantiles[2] = distribution.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.75d);
@@ -262,8 +262,8 @@ public final class TestUtils {
             }
         }
         if (positiveMassCount < densityValues.length) {
-            int[] newPoints = new int[positiveMassCount];
-            double[] newValues = new double[positiveMassCount];
+            final int[] newPoints = new int[positiveMassCount];
+            final double[] newValues = new double[positiveMassCount];
             int j = 0;
             for (int i = 0; i < densityValues.length; i++) {
                 if (densityValues[i] > 0) {
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TriangularDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TriangularDistributionTest.java
index 079d05b..4b808d1 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TriangularDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/TriangularDistributionTest.java
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ public class TriangularDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
         // Area total = 18.75 + 37.5 = 56.25
         // Derivative left side = 7.5 / 5 = 1.5
         // Derivative right side = -7.5 / 10 = -0.75
-        double third = 1 / 3.0;
-        double left = 18.75;
-        double area = 56.25;
+        final double third = 1 / 3.0;
+        final double left = 18.75;
+        final double area = 56.25;
         return new double[] {0.0,
                              0.0,
                              0.75 / area, 3 / area, 6.75 / area, 12 / area,
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ public class TriangularDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
         // Exclude the points outside the limits, as they have cumulative
         // probability of zero and one, meaning the inverse returns the
         // limits and not the points outside the limits.
-        double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
-        double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 2];
+        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestValues();
+        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 2];
         System.arraycopy(points, 1, points2, 0, points2.length);
         return points2;
         //return Arrays.copyOfRange(points, 1, points.length - 1);
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ public class TriangularDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
         // Exclude the points outside the limits, as they have cumulative
         // probability of zero and one, meaning the inverse returns the
         // limits and not the points outside the limits.
-        double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
-        double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 2];
+        final double[] points = makeCumulativeTestPoints();
+        final double[] points2 = new double[points.length - 2];
         System.arraycopy(points, 1, points2, 0, points2.length);
         return points2;
         //return Arrays.copyOfRange(points, 1, points.length - 1);
@@ -135,14 +135,14 @@ public class TriangularDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTe
     /** Test lower bound getter. */
     @Test
     public void testGetLowerBound() {
-        TriangularDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final TriangularDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(-3.0, distribution.getSupportLowerBound(), 0);
     }
 
     /** Test upper bound getter. */
     @Test
     public void testGetUpperBound() {
-        TriangularDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final TriangularDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(12.0, distribution.getSupportUpperBound(), 0);
     }
 
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformContinuousDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformContinuousDistributionTest.java
index 3c86bd8..f1eb91d 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformContinuousDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformContinuousDistributionTest.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public class UniformContinuousDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbs
     /** Creates the default probability density test expected values */
     @Override
     public double[] makeDensityTestValues() {
-        double d = 1 / 1.75;
+        final double d = 1 / 1.75;
         return new double[] {0, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, 0};
     }
 
@@ -69,14 +69,14 @@ public class UniformContinuousDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbs
     /** Test lower bound getter. */
     @Test
     public void testGetLowerBound() {
-        UniformContinuousDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final UniformContinuousDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(-0.5, distribution.getSupportLowerBound(), 0);
     }
 
     /** Test upper bound getter. */
     @Test
     public void testGetUpperBound() {
-        UniformContinuousDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final UniformContinuousDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.25, distribution.getSupportUpperBound(), 0);
     }
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public class UniformContinuousDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbs
      */
     @Test
     public void testInverseCumulativeDistribution() {
-        UniformContinuousDistribution dist = new UniformContinuousDistribution(0, 1e-9);
+        final UniformContinuousDistribution dist = new UniformContinuousDistribution(0, 1e-9);
 
         Assertions.assertEquals(2.5e-10, dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(0.25), 0);
     }
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformDiscreteDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformDiscreteDistributionTest.java
index be79fbe..993cb97 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformDiscreteDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/UniformDiscreteDistributionTest.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class UniformDiscreteDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstrac
     /** Creates the default probability density test expected values. */
     @Override
     public double[] makeDensityTestValues() {
-        double d = 1.0 / (5 - -3 + 1);
+        final double d = 1.0 / (5 - -3 + 1);
         return new double[] {0, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, d, 0};
     }
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public class UniformDiscreteDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstrac
     @Test
     public void testLargeRangeSubtractionOverflow() {
         final int hi = Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2 + 10;
-        UniformDiscreteDistribution dist = new UniformDiscreteDistribution(-hi, hi - 1);
+        final UniformDiscreteDistribution dist = new UniformDiscreteDistribution(-hi, hi - 1);
 
         final double tol = Math.ulp(1d);
         Assertions.assertEquals(0.5 / hi, dist.probability(123456), tol);
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public class UniformDiscreteDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstrac
     @Test
     public void testLargeRangeAdditionOverflow() {
         final int hi = Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2 + 10;
-        UniformDiscreteDistribution dist = new UniformDiscreteDistribution(hi - 1, hi + 1);
+        final UniformDiscreteDistribution dist = new UniformDiscreteDistribution(hi - 1, hi + 1);
 
         final double tol = Math.ulp(1d);
         Assertions.assertEquals(1d / 3d, dist.probability(hi), tol);
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/WeibullDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/WeibullDistributionTest.java
index 01c15b3..e09e3a1 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/WeibullDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/WeibullDistributionTest.java
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ public class WeibullDistributionTest extends ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest
 
     @Test
     public void testInverseCumulativeProbabilitySmallPAccuracy() {
-        WeibullDistribution dist = new WeibullDistribution(2, 3);
-        double t = dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(1e-17);
+        final WeibullDistribution dist = new WeibullDistribution(2, 3);
+        final double t = dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(1e-17);
         // Analytically, answer is solution to 1e-17 = 1-exp(-(x/3)^2)
         // x = sqrt(-9*log(1-1e-17))
         // If we're not careful, answer will be 0. Answer below is computed with care in Octave:
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ZipfDistributionTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ZipfDistributionTest.java
index e5efadc..345b969 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ZipfDistributionTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ZipfDistributionTest.java
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class ZipfDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testParameterAccessors() {
-        ZipfDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
+        final ZipfDistribution distribution = makeDistribution();
         Assertions.assertEquals(10, distribution.getNumberOfElements());
         Assertions.assertEquals(1.0, distribution.getExponent());
     }
@@ -132,21 +132,21 @@ public class ZipfDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSamplingExtended() {
-        int sampleSize = 1000;
+        final int sampleSize = 1000;
 
-        int[] numPointsValues = {
+        final int[] numPointsValues = {
             2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100
         };
-        double[] exponentValues = {
+        final double[] exponentValues = {
             1e-10, 1e-9, 1e-8, 1e-7, 1e-6, 1e-5, 1e-4, 1e-3, 1e-2, 1e-1, 2e-1, 5e-1,
             1. - 1e-9, 1.0, 1. + 1e-9, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 2.0,
             2.5, 3.0, 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 10., 20., 30., 100., 150.
         };
 
-        for (int numPoints : numPointsValues) {
-            for (double exponent : exponentValues) {
+        for (final int numPoints : numPointsValues) {
+            for (final double exponent : exponentValues) {
                 double weightSum = 0.;
-                double[] weights = new double[numPoints];
+                final double[] weights = new double[numPoints];
                 for (int i = numPoints; i >= 1; i -= 1) {
                     weights[i - 1] = Math.pow(i, -exponent);
                     weightSum += weights[i - 1];
@@ -155,17 +155,17 @@ public class ZipfDistributionTest extends DiscreteDistributionAbstractTest {
                 // Use fixed seed, the test is expected to fail for more than 50% of all
                 // seeds because each test case can fail with probability 0.001, the chance
                 // that all test cases do not fail is 0.999^(32*22) = 0.49442874426
-                DiscreteDistribution.Sampler distribution =
+                final DiscreteDistribution.Sampler distribution =
                     new ZipfDistribution(numPoints, exponent).createSampler(
                         RandomSource.create(RandomSource.WELL_19937_C, 6));
 
-                double[] expectedCounts = new double[numPoints];
-                long[] observedCounts = new long[numPoints];
+                final double[] expectedCounts = new double[numPoints];
+                final long[] observedCounts = new long[numPoints];
                 for (int i = 0; i < numPoints; i++) {
                     expectedCounts[i] = sampleSize * (weights[i] / weightSum);
                 }
-                int[] sample = AbstractDiscreteDistribution.sample(sampleSize, distribution);
-                for (int s : sample) {
+                final int[] sample = AbstractDiscreteDistribution.sample(sampleSize, distribution);
+                for (final int s : sample) {
                     observedCounts[s - 1]++;
                 }
                 TestUtils.assertChiSquareAccept(expectedCounts, observedCounts, 0.001);