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Posted to user@cassandra.apache.org by Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com> on 2013/07/27 05:10:04 UTC

key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Hi all,

    I am experiencing VERY poor key cache hit rate on my 6 node C* 1.2.4 with Vnode cluster.  I am using CQL3 with LCS and yesterday increased my SSTable size from default 5 MB to 256 MB although I did not force a major compaction and am instead letting the new size take effect organically as compactions are normally triggered.  The issue for this email is that my key cache hit rate is TERRIBLE at < 1% and my bloom filter false positive rate is around 0.2 (see cfstats , info, and create for example table).  I am using the OOTB bloom filter settings and only 300 Mbs of key cache.  I'm guessing that I need to increase my bloom_filter_fp_chance from default 0.1 to 0.01 (trigger upgradesstables for it to take effect) and increase my key cache size (my nodes have 32 GB of RAM and I'm running an 8 GB heap on java 7) but I thought I would get everyone's opinion first.  My read latency is good but I'm afraid I'll max out the TPS on my SSD drives which are currently hovering around 40% utilization.

Should I wait to see what effect the sstable size change has first as it will obviously decrease the number of sstables?
What do you recommend for bloom filter and key cache values?

I tried upping the key cache size to 600 MB but did not see a sizable difference in hit rate.  I am also planning on trying out row cache but wanted to hold off until I got these values handled first.  FYI – each node has 3 x 800 GB SSD in JBOD running RF 3.

Thanks!

Column Family: cookie_user_lookup
SSTable count: 13464
SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
Space used (live): 106151372078
Space used (total): 106870515200
Number of Keys (estimate): 954198528
Memtable Columns Count: 369605
Memtable Data Size: 170078697
Memtable Switch Count: 668
Read Count: 754323272
Read Latency: 1.029 ms.
Write Count: 130312827
Write Latency: 0.023 ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
Compacted row minimum size: 36
Compacted row maximum size: 215
Compacted row mean size: 162

Token            : (invoke with -T/--tokens to see all 256 tokens)
ID               : 6e1a0ac1-6354-40e1-bba4-063c7bb0983d
Gossip active    : true
Thrift active    : true
Load             : 204.64 GB
Generation No    : 1374259760
Uptime (seconds) : 634791
Heap Memory (MB) : 5601.37 / 8072.00
Data Center      : DAL1
Rack             : RAC1
Exceptions       : 78
Key Cache        : size 314572552 (bytes), capacity 314572800 (bytes), 327775491 hits, 3259949221 requests, 0.162 recent hit rate, 14400 save period in seconds
Row Cache        : size 0 (bytes), capacity 0 (bytes), 0 hits, 0 requests, NaN recent hit rate, 0 save period in seconds

CREATE TABLE cookie_user_lookup (
  cookie text PRIMARY KEY,
  creation_time timestamp,
  opt_out boolean,
  status int,
  user_id timeuuid
) WITH
  bloom_filter_fp_chance=0.100000 AND
  caching='KEYS_ONLY' AND
  comment='' AND
  dclocal_read_repair_chance=0.000000 AND
  gc_grace_seconds=86400 AND
  read_repair_chance=0.100000 AND
  replicate_on_write='true' AND
  populate_io_cache_on_flush='false' AND
  compaction={'sstable_size_in_mb': '256', 'class': 'LeveledCompactionStrategy'} AND
  compression={'chunk_length_kb': '8', 'crc_check_chance': '0.1', 'sstable_compression': 'LZ4Compressor'};

Re: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Posted by Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>.
Thank you for the response.  Compactionstats does not indicate that we are
running behind (see below).  FYI - since making the change from default 5
to 256 MB I have been seeing increased GC pauses (one node got locked in
GC spirals last night and had to be restarted) so I actually decreased the
size down to 64 to see if that makes a difference.  Here are the latest
stats on a table that has more frequent row updates (and thus more likely
to compact old SSTables into the new size).  Any insight is VERY much
appreciated.

Thanks

Column Family: global_user
                SSTable count: 10347
                SSTables in each level: [2, 10, 63, 1050/1000, 9222, 0, 0]
                Space used (live): 70301335303
                Space used (total): 71599083983
                Number of Keys (estimate): 478791040
                Memtable Columns Count: 24516
                Memtable Data Size: 15901376
                Memtable Switch Count: 3706
                Read Count: 1103830636
                Read Latency: 2.638 ms.
                Write Count: 827824859
                Write Latency: 0.059 ms.
                Pending Tasks: 0
                Bloom Filter False Positives: 12935974
                Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.12546
                Bloom Filter Space Used: 329145520
                Compacted row minimum size: 73
                Compacted row maximum size: 4866323
                Compacted row mean size: 335


[kwright@lxpcas001 ~]$ nodetool info
Token            : (invoke with -T/--tokens to see all 256 tokens)
ID               : 882f4831-35e9-4c2f-be6b-81b4c2343ca1
Gossip active    : true
Thrift active    : true
Load             : 211.3 GB
Generation No    : 1374259506
Uptime (seconds) : 1014090
Heap Memory (MB) : 5627.01 / 8072.00
Data Center      : DAL1
Rack             : RAC1
Exceptions       : 185
Key Cache        : size 104857072 (bytes), capacity 104857600 (bytes),
731222922 hits, 6607308542 requests, 0.143 recent hit rate, 14400 save
period in seconds
Row Cache        : size 0 (bytes), capacity 0 (bytes), 0 hits, 0 requests,
NaN recent hit rate, 0 save period in seconds


[kwright@lxpcas001 ~]$ nodetool compactionstats
pending tasks: 0
Active compaction remaining time :        n/a

[kwright@lxpcas001 ~]$ nodetool cfhistograms users global_user
users/global_user histograms
Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row Size
     Column Count
1           39997928                 0                 0                 0
             4552
2           14732779                 0                 0                 0
        112784201
3           12325618                 0                 0                 0
        252571336
4            6894542                 0                 0                 0
         24965369
5            1970175               108                 0                 0
         13853402
6             156263              1196                 0                 0
         23374848
7              18854              5365                 0                 0
          5974743
8               1442             17396                 0                 0
          7510167
10               204            137019                 0                 0
         11223392
12                 0            489477                 0                 0
          6918122
14                 0           1145914                 0                 0
          4969766
17                 0           3620828                 3                 0
          4566327
20                 0           6432030                14                 0
          2545871
24                 0          11386809                54                 0
          2049213
29                 0          13823989               431                 0
          1399119
35                 0          11539190              2721                 0
           949174
42                 0           6457952             11665                 0
           635466
50                 0           2933479             65010                 0
           428200
60                 0           1706411            115617                 0
           327847
72                 0           1060158            135740                 0
           243561
86                 0            580078            198312               634
           180901
103                0            342643            240777              3912
           142239
124                0            182482            450592                 5
           114299
149                0             95731            606666           7544545
            87948
179                0             51167            640083         103528698
            68726
215                0             38468            537811         145727072
            53921
258                0             26060            413670         111347054
            41730
310                0             16745            380406          18849783
            32343
372                0             12705            976548          22350396
            24799
446                0              9312           3150544          19059338
            18536
535                0              6797           2532003          12349361
            14133
642                0              4724           3204331          10323731
            10604
770                0              3287           8156762           7357706
             7684
924                0              2216           5074100           6625384
             5771
1109               0              1660           7382161           3848898
             4112
1331               0              1291           5776629           2664557
             2915
1597               0              1099           5901952           1855835
             2057
1916               0               941           6044518           1258502
             1490
2299               0               778           6294312            863014
             1005
2759               0               675           4835393            612338
              689
3311               0               592           3939427            444323
              478
3973               0               455           2848316            330928
              360
4768               0               493           1958814            255025
              232
5722               0               969           1274543            198373
              183
6866               0               440            819421            156189
              100
8239               0               204            532863            123229
               79
9887               0               130            357274             98316
               40
11864              0                58            252345             77067
               35
14237              0                19            186547             61019
               19
17084              0                16            149989             47782
               19
20501              0                38            126544             37107
                6
24601              0               681             96833             28891
                4
29521              0               692             81161             21909
                3
35425              0               621             61802             16498
                2
42510              0               794             52684             12506
                1
51012              0              1040             47671              9183
                1
61214              0               836             39531              6728
                1
73457              0               745             35585              4824
                0
88148              0               790             35345              3490
                0
105778             0               528             26822              2454
                0
126934             0               223             14407              1738
                0
152321             0                57              7401              1197
                0
182785             0                58              5015               808
                0
219342             0                31              3258               578
                0
263210             0                37              1993               376
                0
315852             0                31              1191               280
                0
379022             0                 6               651               203
                0
454826             0                 2               683               119
                0
545791             0                15               181                87
                0
654949             0                 0               118                59
                0
785939             0                 1               201                34
                0
943127             0                 0               226                22
                0
1131752            0               109              1058                19
                0
1358102            0               203              8539                 6
                0
1629722            0                11               522                 4
                0
1955666            0                 0                11                 2
                0
2346799            0                 0                 0                 1
                0
2816159            0                 0                 0                 2
                0
3379391            0                 0                 0                 1
                0
4055269            0                 0                 0                 0
                0
4866323            0                 0                 0                 1
                0
5839588            0                 0                 0                 0
                0
7007506            0                 0                 0                 0
                0
8409007            0                 0                 0                 0
                0
10090808           0                 0                 0                 0
                0
12108970           0                 0                 0                 0
                0
14530764           0                 0                 0                 0
                0
17436917           0                 0                 0                 0
                0
20924300           0                 0                 0                 0
                0
25109160           0                 0                 6                 0
                0





On 7/31/13 5:25 AM, "aaron morton" <aa...@thelastpickle.com> wrote:

>This looks suspicious
>
>> SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
>It says there are 6 levels in the levelled DB, which may explain why the
>number of SSTables per read is so high.
>It also says some of the levels have more files than they should, check
>nodetool compactionstats to see if compaction can keep up.
>
>> Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row
>>Size      Column Count
>> 1          574961651                 0                 0
>> 0             67267
>> 2           50623075                 0                 0
>> 0                 7
>> 3            6977136                 0                 0
>> 0         866112674
>> 4            1068933               151                 0
>> 0                 5
>> 5             100458              1752                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 6               2299              8845                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 7                 25             36376                 0
>> 0                 0
>When we would expect most reads to be served from 2 sstables when using
>LCS http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/when-to-use-leveled-compaction
>
>> Space used (live): 106151372078
>You don't have a huge amount of data.
>
>> Read Count: 754323272
>...
>> Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
>> Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
>> Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
>The False Ratio there is since it was last read. But it's still high.
>However remember the numbers above say there are a lot of sstables.
>
>I would check nodetool compactionstats to see if compaction can keep up.
>You've changed the sstable_size_mb i'd also wait to see what it looks
>like when that change has gone through. I'd like to see if the sstable
>count goes down.
>
>Hope that helps.
>
>-----------------
>Aaron Morton
>Cassandra Consultant
>New Zealand
>
>@aaronmorton
>http://www.thelastpickle.com
>
>On 27/07/2013, at 3:25 PM, Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com> wrote:
>
>> Also here is the output from cfhistograms if that helps.  Thanks all!
>>
>> users/cookie_user_lookup histograms
>> Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row
>>Size      Column Count
>> 1          574961651                 0                 0
>> 0             67267
>> 2           50623075                 0                 0
>> 0                 7
>> 3            6977136                 0                 0
>> 0         866112674
>> 4            1068933               151                 0
>> 0                 5
>> 5             100458              1752                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 6               2299              8845                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 7                 25             36376                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 8                  0            118417                 1
>> 0                 0
>> 10                 0            970897                80
>> 0                 0
>> 12                 0           3154897               706
>> 0                 0
>> 14                 0           6681561              5633
>> 0                 0
>> 17                 0          17522902             62716
>> 0                 0
>> 20                 0          23857810            323821
>> 0                 0
>> 24                 0          30173547           1756172
>> 0                 0
>> 29                 0          22315480           7493321
>> 0                 0
>> 35                 0           9574788          20574499
>> 0                 0
>> 42                 0           2816872          23382953
>>15                 0
>> 50                 0            764169          15332694
>>16681                 0
>> 60                 0            245998          10826754
>>50571                 0
>> 72                 0            112974          13640480
>> 0                 0
>> 86                 0             76213          12988932
>> 0                 0
>> 103                0             68305          12774730
>> 4                 0
>> 124                0             45879          14726045
>> 0                 0
>> 149                0             34684          14306264
>>474654029                 0
>> 179                0             24458           8489834
>>391359834                 0
>> 215                0             21349           3616683
>>98819                 0
>> 258                0             12373           1471382
>> 0                 0
>> 310                0              8138           2096660
>> 0                 0
>> 372                0              6420          12175498
>> 0                 0
>> 446                0              4981          44092631
>> 0                 0
>> 535                0              4052          19968489
>> 0                 0
>> 642                0              3514          30524161
>> 0                 0
>> 770                0              3411          88732015
>> 0                 0
>> 924                0              3379          36941969
>> 0                 0
>> 1109               0              3259          88311470
>> 0                 0
>> 1331               0              2925          34015836
>> 0                 0
>> 1597               0              2522          25807588
>> 0                 0
>> 1916               0              1909          24346980
>> 0                 0
>> 2299               0              1083          28822035
>> 0                 0
>> 2759               0               646          12627664
>> 0                 0
>> 3311               0               489           9374038
>> 0                 0
>> 3973               0               331           5114594
>> 0                 0
>> 4768               0               797           3119917
>> 0                 0
>> 5722               0               317           1805150
>> 0                 0
>> 6866               0                94           1105472
>> 0                 0
>> 8239               0                68            701533
>> 0                 0
>> 9887               0                28            459354
>> 0                 0
>> 11864              0                16            304326
>> 0                 0
>> 14237              0                20            207982
>> 0                 0
>> 17084              0                66            153394
>> 0                 0
>> 20501              0               422            134500
>> 0                 0
>> 24601              0               716            138258
>> 0                 0
>> 29521              0               722            128058
>> 0                 0
>> 35425              0               711            123178
>> 0                 0
>> 42510              0               663            116942
>> 0                 0
>> 51012              0               495            107036
>> 0                 0
>> 61214              0               465            109102
>> 0                 0
>> 73457              0               370            108586
>> 0                 0
>> 88148              0               257             77200
>> 0                 0
>> 105778             0               177             47428
>> 0                 0
>> 126934             0                59             22524
>> 0                 0
>> 152321             0                37             12021
>> 0                 0
>> 182785             0                17              7531
>> 0                 0
>> 219342             0                28              5127
>> 0                 0
>> 263210             0                12              3554
>> 0                 0
>> 315852             0                12              2101
>> 0                 0
>> 379022             0                 4              1417
>> 0                 0
>> 454826             0                 4               942
>> 0                 0
>> 545791             0                 1               539
>> 0                 0
>> 654949             0                 0               341
>> 0                 0
>> 785939             0                 0               253
>> 0                 0
>> 943127             0                 0               273
>> 0                 0
>> 1131752            0                 8               607
>> 0                 0
>> 1358102            0                22              2954
>> 0                 0
>> 1629722            0                 0               493
>> 0                 0
>> 1955666            0                 0                56
>> 0                 0
>> 2346799            0                 0                81
>> 0                 0
>> 2816159            0                 0                13
>> 0                 0
>> 3379391            0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 4055269            0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 4866323            0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 5839588            0                 0                 3
>> 0                 0
>> 7007506            0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 8409007            0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 10090808           0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 12108970           0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 14530764           0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 17436917           0                 0                 0
>> 0                 0
>> 20924300           0                 0                 2
>> 0                 0
>> 25109160           0                 0                 1
>> 0                 0
>>
>> From: Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>
>> Reply-To: "user@cassandra.apache.org" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>
>> Date: Friday, July 26, 2013 11:10 PM
>> To: "user@cassandra.apache.org" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>
>> Subject: key cache hit rate and BF false positive
>>
>> Hi all,
>>
>>     I am experiencing VERY poor key cache hit rate on my 6 node C*
>>1.2.4 with Vnode cluster.  I am using CQL3 with LCS and yesterday
>>increased my SSTable size from default 5 MB to 256 MB although I did not
>>force a major compaction and am instead letting the new size take effect
>>organically as compactions are normally triggered.  The issue for this
>>email is that my key cache hit rate is TERRIBLE at < 1% and my bloom
>>filter false positive rate is around 0.2 (see cfstats , info, and create
>>for example table).  I am using the OOTB bloom filter settings and only
>>300 Mbs of key cache.  I'm guessing that I need to increase my
>>bloom_filter_fp_chance from default 0.1 to 0.01 (trigger upgradesstables
>>for it to take effect) and increase my key cache size (my nodes have  32
>>GB of RAM and I'm running an 8 GB heap on java 7) but I thought I would
>>get everyone's opinion first.  My read latency is good but I'm afraid
>>I'll max out the TPS on my SSD drives which are currently hovering
>>around 40% utilization.
>>
>> Should I wait to see what effect the sstable size change has first as
>>it will obviously decrease the number of sstables?
>> What do you recommend for bloom filter and key cache values?
>>
>> I tried upping the key cache size to 600 MB but did not see a sizable
>>difference in hit rate.  I am also planning on trying out row cache but
>>wanted to hold off until I got these values handled first.  FYI ­ each
>>node has 3 x 800 GB SSD in JBOD running RF 3.
>>
>> Thanks!
>>
>> Column Family: cookie_user_lookup
>> SSTable count: 13464
>> SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
>> Space used (live): 106151372078
>> Space used (total): 106870515200
>> Number of Keys (estimate): 954198528
>> Memtable Columns Count: 369605
>> Memtable Data Size: 170078697
>> Memtable Switch Count: 668
>> Read Count: 754323272
>> Read Latency: 1.029 ms.
>> Write Count: 130312827
>> Write Latency: 0.023 ms.
>> Pending Tasks: 0
>> Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
>> Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
>> Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
>> Compacted row minimum size: 36
>> Compacted row maximum size: 215
>> Compacted row mean size: 162
>>
>> Token            : (invoke with -T/--tokens to see all 256 tokens)
>> ID               : 6e1a0ac1-6354-40e1-bba4-063c7bb0983d
>> Gossip active    : true
>> Thrift active    : true
>> Load             : 204.64 GB
>> Generation No    : 1374259760
>> Uptime (seconds) : 634791
>> Heap Memory (MB) : 5601.37 / 8072.00
>> Data Center      : DAL1
>> Rack             : RAC1
>> Exceptions       : 78
>> Key Cache        : size 314572552 (bytes), capacity 314572800 (bytes),
>>327775491 hits, 3259949221 requests, 0.162 recent hit rate, 14400 save
>>period in seconds
>> Row Cache        : size 0 (bytes), capacity 0 (bytes), 0 hits, 0
>>requests, NaN recent hit rate, 0 save period in seconds
>>
>> CREATE TABLE cookie_user_lookup (
>>   cookie text PRIMARY KEY,
>>   creation_time timestamp,
>>   opt_out boolean,
>>   status int,
>>   user_id timeuuid
>> ) WITH
>>   bloom_filter_fp_chance=0.100000 AND
>>   caching='KEYS_ONLY' AND
>>   comment='' AND
>>   dclocal_read_repair_chance=0.000000 AND
>>   gc_grace_seconds=86400 AND
>>   read_repair_chance=0.100000 AND
>>   replicate_on_write='true' AND
>>   populate_io_cache_on_flush='false' AND
>>   compaction={'sstable_size_in_mb': '256', 'class':
>>'LeveledCompactionStrategy'} AND
>>   compression={'chunk_length_kb': '8', 'crc_check_chance': '0.1',
>>'sstable_compression': 'LZ4Compressor'};
>


Re: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Posted by aaron morton <aa...@thelastpickle.com>.
This looks suspicious 

> SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
It says there are 6 levels in the levelled DB, which may explain why the number of SSTables per read is so high.
It also says some of the levels have more files than they should, check nodetool compactionstats to see if compaction can keep up. 

> Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row Size      Column Count
> 1          574961651                 0                 0                 0             67267
> 2           50623075                 0                 0                 0                 7
> 3            6977136                 0                 0                 0         866112674
> 4            1068933               151                 0                 0                 5
> 5             100458              1752                 0                 0                 0
> 6               2299              8845                 0                 0                 0
> 7                 25             36376                 0                 0                 0
When we would expect most reads to be served from 2 sstables when using LCS http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/when-to-use-leveled-compaction

> Space used (live): 106151372078
You don't have a huge amount of data. 

> Read Count: 754323272
...
> Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
> Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
> Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
The False Ratio there is since it was last read. But it's still high. 
However remember the numbers above say there are a lot of sstables. 

I would check nodetool compactionstats to see if compaction can keep up. You've changed the sstable_size_mb i'd also wait to see what it looks like when that change has gone through. I'd like to see if the sstable count goes down. 

Hope that helps. 

-----------------
Aaron Morton
Cassandra Consultant
New Zealand

@aaronmorton
http://www.thelastpickle.com

On 27/07/2013, at 3:25 PM, Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com> wrote:

> Also here is the output from cfhistograms if that helps.  Thanks all!
> 
> users/cookie_user_lookup histograms
> Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row Size      Column Count
> 1          574961651                 0                 0                 0             67267
> 2           50623075                 0                 0                 0                 7
> 3            6977136                 0                 0                 0         866112674
> 4            1068933               151                 0                 0                 5
> 5             100458              1752                 0                 0                 0
> 6               2299              8845                 0                 0                 0
> 7                 25             36376                 0                 0                 0
> 8                  0            118417                 1                 0                 0
> 10                 0            970897                80                 0                 0
> 12                 0           3154897               706                 0                 0
> 14                 0           6681561              5633                 0                 0
> 17                 0          17522902             62716                 0                 0
> 20                 0          23857810            323821                 0                 0
> 24                 0          30173547           1756172                 0                 0
> 29                 0          22315480           7493321                 0                 0
> 35                 0           9574788          20574499                 0                 0
> 42                 0           2816872          23382953                15                 0
> 50                 0            764169          15332694             16681                 0
> 60                 0            245998          10826754             50571                 0
> 72                 0            112974          13640480                 0                 0
> 86                 0             76213          12988932                 0                 0
> 103                0             68305          12774730                 4                 0
> 124                0             45879          14726045                 0                 0
> 149                0             34684          14306264         474654029                 0
> 179                0             24458           8489834         391359834                 0
> 215                0             21349           3616683             98819                 0
> 258                0             12373           1471382                 0                 0
> 310                0              8138           2096660                 0                 0
> 372                0              6420          12175498                 0                 0
> 446                0              4981          44092631                 0                 0
> 535                0              4052          19968489                 0                 0
> 642                0              3514          30524161                 0                 0
> 770                0              3411          88732015                 0                 0
> 924                0              3379          36941969                 0                 0
> 1109               0              3259          88311470                 0                 0
> 1331               0              2925          34015836                 0                 0
> 1597               0              2522          25807588                 0                 0
> 1916               0              1909          24346980                 0                 0
> 2299               0              1083          28822035                 0                 0
> 2759               0               646          12627664                 0                 0
> 3311               0               489           9374038                 0                 0
> 3973               0               331           5114594                 0                 0
> 4768               0               797           3119917                 0                 0
> 5722               0               317           1805150                 0                 0
> 6866               0                94           1105472                 0                 0
> 8239               0                68            701533                 0                 0
> 9887               0                28            459354                 0                 0
> 11864              0                16            304326                 0                 0
> 14237              0                20            207982                 0                 0
> 17084              0                66            153394                 0                 0
> 20501              0               422            134500                 0                 0
> 24601              0               716            138258                 0                 0
> 29521              0               722            128058                 0                 0
> 35425              0               711            123178                 0                 0
> 42510              0               663            116942                 0                 0
> 51012              0               495            107036                 0                 0
> 61214              0               465            109102                 0                 0
> 73457              0               370            108586                 0                 0
> 88148              0               257             77200                 0                 0
> 105778             0               177             47428                 0                 0
> 126934             0                59             22524                 0                 0
> 152321             0                37             12021                 0                 0
> 182785             0                17              7531                 0                 0
> 219342             0                28              5127                 0                 0
> 263210             0                12              3554                 0                 0
> 315852             0                12              2101                 0                 0
> 379022             0                 4              1417                 0                 0
> 454826             0                 4               942                 0                 0
> 545791             0                 1               539                 0                 0
> 654949             0                 0               341                 0                 0
> 785939             0                 0               253                 0                 0
> 943127             0                 0               273                 0                 0
> 1131752            0                 8               607                 0                 0
> 1358102            0                22              2954                 0                 0
> 1629722            0                 0               493                 0                 0
> 1955666            0                 0                56                 0                 0
> 2346799            0                 0                81                 0                 0
> 2816159            0                 0                13                 0                 0
> 3379391            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 4055269            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 4866323            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 5839588            0                 0                 3                 0                 0
> 7007506            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 8409007            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 10090808           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 12108970           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 14530764           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 17436917           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
> 20924300           0                 0                 2                 0                 0
> 25109160           0                 0                 1                 0                 0
> 
> From: Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>
> Reply-To: "user@cassandra.apache.org" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>
> Date: Friday, July 26, 2013 11:10 PM
> To: "user@cassandra.apache.org" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>
> Subject: key cache hit rate and BF false positive
> 
> Hi all,
> 
>     I am experiencing VERY poor key cache hit rate on my 6 node C* 1.2.4 with Vnode cluster.  I am using CQL3 with LCS and yesterday increased my SSTable size from default 5 MB to 256 MB although I did not force a major compaction and am instead letting the new size take effect organically as compactions are normally triggered.  The issue for this email is that my key cache hit rate is TERRIBLE at < 1% and my bloom filter false positive rate is around 0.2 (see cfstats , info, and create for example table).  I am using the OOTB bloom filter settings and only 300 Mbs of key cache.  I'm guessing that I need to increase my bloom_filter_fp_chance from default 0.1 to 0.01 (trigger upgradesstables for it to take effect) and increase my key cache size (my nodes have  32 GB of RAM and I'm running an 8 GB heap on java 7) but I thought I would get everyone's opinion first.  My read latency is good but I'm afraid I'll max out the TPS on my SSD drives which are currently hovering around 40% utilization.
> 
> Should I wait to see what effect the sstable size change has first as it will obviously decrease the number of sstables?    
> What do you recommend for bloom filter and key cache values?  
> 
> I tried upping the key cache size to 600 MB but did not see a sizable difference in hit rate.  I am also planning on trying out row cache but wanted to hold off until I got these values handled first.  FYI – each node has 3 x 800 GB SSD in JBOD running RF 3.
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> Column Family: cookie_user_lookup
> SSTable count: 13464
> SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
> Space used (live): 106151372078
> Space used (total): 106870515200
> Number of Keys (estimate): 954198528
> Memtable Columns Count: 369605
> Memtable Data Size: 170078697
> Memtable Switch Count: 668
> Read Count: 754323272
> Read Latency: 1.029 ms.
> Write Count: 130312827
> Write Latency: 0.023 ms.
> Pending Tasks: 0
> Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
> Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
> Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
> Compacted row minimum size: 36
> Compacted row maximum size: 215
> Compacted row mean size: 162
> 
> Token            : (invoke with -T/--tokens to see all 256 tokens)
> ID               : 6e1a0ac1-6354-40e1-bba4-063c7bb0983d
> Gossip active    : true
> Thrift active    : true
> Load             : 204.64 GB
> Generation No    : 1374259760
> Uptime (seconds) : 634791
> Heap Memory (MB) : 5601.37 / 8072.00
> Data Center      : DAL1
> Rack             : RAC1
> Exceptions       : 78
> Key Cache        : size 314572552 (bytes), capacity 314572800 (bytes), 327775491 hits, 3259949221 requests, 0.162 recent hit rate, 14400 save period in seconds
> Row Cache        : size 0 (bytes), capacity 0 (bytes), 0 hits, 0 requests, NaN recent hit rate, 0 save period in seconds
> 
> CREATE TABLE cookie_user_lookup (
>   cookie text PRIMARY KEY,
>   creation_time timestamp,
>   opt_out boolean,
>   status int,
>   user_id timeuuid
> ) WITH
>   bloom_filter_fp_chance=0.100000 AND
>   caching='KEYS_ONLY' AND
>   comment='' AND
>   dclocal_read_repair_chance=0.000000 AND
>   gc_grace_seconds=86400 AND
>   read_repair_chance=0.100000 AND
>   replicate_on_write='true' AND
>   populate_io_cache_on_flush='false' AND
>   compaction={'sstable_size_in_mb': '256', 'class': 'LeveledCompactionStrategy'} AND
>   compression={'chunk_length_kb': '8', 'crc_check_chance': '0.1', 'sstable_compression': 'LZ4Compressor'};


Re: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Posted by Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>.
Re-sending hoping to get some assistance.  Thanks!

From: Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>>
Reply-To: "user@cassandra.apache.org<ma...@cassandra.apache.org>" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>>
Date: Friday, July 26, 2013 11:25 PM
To: "user@cassandra.apache.org<ma...@cassandra.apache.org>" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>>
Subject: Re: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Also here is the output from cfhistograms if that helps.  Thanks all!

users/cookie_user_lookup histograms
Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row Size      Column Count
1          574961651                 0                 0                 0             67267
2           50623075                 0                 0                 0                 7
3            6977136                 0                 0                 0         866112674
4            1068933               151                 0                 0                 5
5             100458              1752                 0                 0                 0
6               2299              8845                 0                 0                 0
7                 25             36376                 0                 0                 0
8                  0            118417                 1                 0                 0
10                 0            970897                80                 0                 0
12                 0           3154897               706                 0                 0
14                 0           6681561              5633                 0                 0
17                 0          17522902             62716                 0                 0
20                 0          23857810            323821                 0                 0
24                 0          30173547           1756172                 0                 0
29                 0          22315480           7493321                 0                 0
35                 0           9574788          20574499                 0                 0
42                 0           2816872          23382953                15                 0
50                 0            764169          15332694             16681                 0
60                 0            245998          10826754             50571                 0
72                 0            112974          13640480                 0                 0
86                 0             76213          12988932                 0                 0
103                0             68305          12774730                 4                 0
124                0             45879          14726045                 0                 0
149                0             34684          14306264         474654029                 0
179                0             24458           8489834         391359834                 0
215                0             21349           3616683             98819                 0
258                0             12373           1471382                 0                 0
310                0              8138           2096660                 0                 0
372                0              6420          12175498                 0                 0
446                0              4981          44092631                 0                 0
535                0              4052          19968489                 0                 0
642                0              3514          30524161                 0                 0
770                0              3411          88732015                 0                 0
924                0              3379          36941969                 0                 0
1109               0              3259          88311470                 0                 0
1331               0              2925          34015836                 0                 0
1597               0              2522          25807588                 0                 0
1916               0              1909          24346980                 0                 0
2299               0              1083          28822035                 0                 0
2759               0               646          12627664                 0                 0
3311               0               489           9374038                 0                 0
3973               0               331           5114594                 0                 0
4768               0               797           3119917                 0                 0
5722               0               317           1805150                 0                 0
6866               0                94           1105472                 0                 0
8239               0                68            701533                 0                 0
9887               0                28            459354                 0                 0
11864              0                16            304326                 0                 0
14237              0                20            207982                 0                 0
17084              0                66            153394                 0                 0
20501              0               422            134500                 0                 0
24601              0               716            138258                 0                 0
29521              0               722            128058                 0                 0
35425              0               711            123178                 0                 0
42510              0               663            116942                 0                 0
51012              0               495            107036                 0                 0
61214              0               465            109102                 0                 0
73457              0               370            108586                 0                 0
88148              0               257             77200                 0                 0
105778             0               177             47428                 0                 0
126934             0                59             22524                 0                 0
152321             0                37             12021                 0                 0
182785             0                17              7531                 0                 0
219342             0                28              5127                 0                 0
263210             0                12              3554                 0                 0
315852             0                12              2101                 0                 0
379022             0                 4              1417                 0                 0
454826             0                 4               942                 0                 0
545791             0                 1               539                 0                 0
654949             0                 0               341                 0                 0
785939             0                 0               253                 0                 0
943127             0                 0               273                 0                 0
1131752            0                 8               607                 0                 0
1358102            0                22              2954                 0                 0
1629722            0                 0               493                 0                 0
1955666            0                 0                56                 0                 0
2346799            0                 0                81                 0                 0
2816159            0                 0                13                 0                 0
3379391            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
4055269            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
4866323            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
5839588            0                 0                 3                 0                 0
7007506            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
8409007            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
10090808           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
12108970           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
14530764           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
17436917           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
20924300           0                 0                 2                 0                 0
25109160           0                 0                 1                 0                 0

From: Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>>
Reply-To: "user@cassandra.apache.org<ma...@cassandra.apache.org>" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>>
Date: Friday, July 26, 2013 11:10 PM
To: "user@cassandra.apache.org<ma...@cassandra.apache.org>" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>>
Subject: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Hi all,

    I am experiencing VERY poor key cache hit rate on my 6 node C* 1.2.4 with Vnode cluster.  I am using CQL3 with LCS and yesterday increased my SSTable size from default 5 MB to 256 MB although I did not force a major compaction and am instead letting the new size take effect organically as compactions are normally triggered.  The issue for this email is that my key cache hit rate is TERRIBLE at < 1% and my bloom filter false positive rate is around 0.2 (see cfstats , info, and create for example table).  I am using the OOTB bloom filter settings and only 300 Mbs of key cache.  I'm guessing that I need to increase my bloom_filter_fp_chance from default 0.1 to 0.01 (trigger upgradesstables for it to take effect) and increase my key cache size (my nodes have 32 GB of RAM and I'm running an 8 GB heap on java 7) but I thought I would get everyone's opinion first.  My read latency is good but I'm afraid I'll max out the TPS on my SSD drives which are currently hovering around 40% utilization.

Should I wait to see what effect the sstable size change has first as it will obviously decrease the number of sstables?
What do you recommend for bloom filter and key cache values?

I tried upping the key cache size to 600 MB but did not see a sizable difference in hit rate.  I am also planning on trying out row cache but wanted to hold off until I got these values handled first.  FYI – each node has 3 x 800 GB SSD in JBOD running RF 3.

Thanks!

Column Family: cookie_user_lookup
SSTable count: 13464
SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
Space used (live): 106151372078
Space used (total): 106870515200
Number of Keys (estimate): 954198528
Memtable Columns Count: 369605
Memtable Data Size: 170078697
Memtable Switch Count: 668
Read Count: 754323272
Read Latency: 1.029 ms.
Write Count: 130312827
Write Latency: 0.023 ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
Compacted row minimum size: 36
Compacted row maximum size: 215
Compacted row mean size: 162

Token            : (invoke with -T/--tokens to see all 256 tokens)
ID               : 6e1a0ac1-6354-40e1-bba4-063c7bb0983d
Gossip active    : true
Thrift active    : true
Load             : 204.64 GB
Generation No    : 1374259760
Uptime (seconds) : 634791
Heap Memory (MB) : 5601.37 / 8072.00
Data Center      : DAL1
Rack             : RAC1
Exceptions       : 78
Key Cache        : size 314572552 (bytes), capacity 314572800 (bytes), 327775491 hits, 3259949221 requests, 0.162 recent hit rate, 14400 save period in seconds
Row Cache        : size 0 (bytes), capacity 0 (bytes), 0 hits, 0 requests, NaN recent hit rate, 0 save period in seconds

CREATE TABLE cookie_user_lookup (
  cookie text PRIMARY KEY,
  creation_time timestamp,
  opt_out boolean,
  status int,
  user_id timeuuid
) WITH
  bloom_filter_fp_chance=0.100000 AND
  caching='KEYS_ONLY' AND
  comment='' AND
  dclocal_read_repair_chance=0.000000 AND
  gc_grace_seconds=86400 AND
  read_repair_chance=0.100000 AND
  replicate_on_write='true' AND
  populate_io_cache_on_flush='false' AND
  compaction={'sstable_size_in_mb': '256', 'class': 'LeveledCompactionStrategy'} AND
  compression={'chunk_length_kb': '8', 'crc_check_chance': '0.1', 'sstable_compression': 'LZ4Compressor'};

Re: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Posted by Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>.
Also here is the output from cfhistograms if that helps.  Thanks all!

users/cookie_user_lookup histograms
Offset      SSTables     Write Latency      Read Latency          Row Size      Column Count
1          574961651                 0                 0                 0             67267
2           50623075                 0                 0                 0                 7
3            6977136                 0                 0                 0         866112674
4            1068933               151                 0                 0                 5
5             100458              1752                 0                 0                 0
6               2299              8845                 0                 0                 0
7                 25             36376                 0                 0                 0
8                  0            118417                 1                 0                 0
10                 0            970897                80                 0                 0
12                 0           3154897               706                 0                 0
14                 0           6681561              5633                 0                 0
17                 0          17522902             62716                 0                 0
20                 0          23857810            323821                 0                 0
24                 0          30173547           1756172                 0                 0
29                 0          22315480           7493321                 0                 0
35                 0           9574788          20574499                 0                 0
42                 0           2816872          23382953                15                 0
50                 0            764169          15332694             16681                 0
60                 0            245998          10826754             50571                 0
72                 0            112974          13640480                 0                 0
86                 0             76213          12988932                 0                 0
103                0             68305          12774730                 4                 0
124                0             45879          14726045                 0                 0
149                0             34684          14306264         474654029                 0
179                0             24458           8489834         391359834                 0
215                0             21349           3616683             98819                 0
258                0             12373           1471382                 0                 0
310                0              8138           2096660                 0                 0
372                0              6420          12175498                 0                 0
446                0              4981          44092631                 0                 0
535                0              4052          19968489                 0                 0
642                0              3514          30524161                 0                 0
770                0              3411          88732015                 0                 0
924                0              3379          36941969                 0                 0
1109               0              3259          88311470                 0                 0
1331               0              2925          34015836                 0                 0
1597               0              2522          25807588                 0                 0
1916               0              1909          24346980                 0                 0
2299               0              1083          28822035                 0                 0
2759               0               646          12627664                 0                 0
3311               0               489           9374038                 0                 0
3973               0               331           5114594                 0                 0
4768               0               797           3119917                 0                 0
5722               0               317           1805150                 0                 0
6866               0                94           1105472                 0                 0
8239               0                68            701533                 0                 0
9887               0                28            459354                 0                 0
11864              0                16            304326                 0                 0
14237              0                20            207982                 0                 0
17084              0                66            153394                 0                 0
20501              0               422            134500                 0                 0
24601              0               716            138258                 0                 0
29521              0               722            128058                 0                 0
35425              0               711            123178                 0                 0
42510              0               663            116942                 0                 0
51012              0               495            107036                 0                 0
61214              0               465            109102                 0                 0
73457              0               370            108586                 0                 0
88148              0               257             77200                 0                 0
105778             0               177             47428                 0                 0
126934             0                59             22524                 0                 0
152321             0                37             12021                 0                 0
182785             0                17              7531                 0                 0
219342             0                28              5127                 0                 0
263210             0                12              3554                 0                 0
315852             0                12              2101                 0                 0
379022             0                 4              1417                 0                 0
454826             0                 4               942                 0                 0
545791             0                 1               539                 0                 0
654949             0                 0               341                 0                 0
785939             0                 0               253                 0                 0
943127             0                 0               273                 0                 0
1131752            0                 8               607                 0                 0
1358102            0                22              2954                 0                 0
1629722            0                 0               493                 0                 0
1955666            0                 0                56                 0                 0
2346799            0                 0                81                 0                 0
2816159            0                 0                13                 0                 0
3379391            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
4055269            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
4866323            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
5839588            0                 0                 3                 0                 0
7007506            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
8409007            0                 0                 0                 0                 0
10090808           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
12108970           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
14530764           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
17436917           0                 0                 0                 0                 0
20924300           0                 0                 2                 0                 0
25109160           0                 0                 1                 0                 0

From: Keith Wright <kw...@nanigans.com>>
Reply-To: "user@cassandra.apache.org<ma...@cassandra.apache.org>" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>>
Date: Friday, July 26, 2013 11:10 PM
To: "user@cassandra.apache.org<ma...@cassandra.apache.org>" <us...@cassandra.apache.org>>
Subject: key cache hit rate and BF false positive

Hi all,

    I am experiencing VERY poor key cache hit rate on my 6 node C* 1.2.4 with Vnode cluster.  I am using CQL3 with LCS and yesterday increased my SSTable size from default 5 MB to 256 MB although I did not force a major compaction and am instead letting the new size take effect organically as compactions are normally triggered.  The issue for this email is that my key cache hit rate is TERRIBLE at < 1% and my bloom filter false positive rate is around 0.2 (see cfstats , info, and create for example table).  I am using the OOTB bloom filter settings and only 300 Mbs of key cache.  I'm guessing that I need to increase my bloom_filter_fp_chance from default 0.1 to 0.01 (trigger upgradesstables for it to take effect) and increase my key cache size (my nodes have 32 GB of RAM and I'm running an 8 GB heap on java 7) but I thought I would get everyone's opinion first.  My read latency is good but I'm afraid I'll max out the TPS on my SSD drives which are currently hovering around 40% utilization.

Should I wait to see what effect the sstable size change has first as it will obviously decrease the number of sstables?
What do you recommend for bloom filter and key cache values?

I tried upping the key cache size to 600 MB but did not see a sizable difference in hit rate.  I am also planning on trying out row cache but wanted to hold off until I got these values handled first.  FYI – each node has 3 x 800 GB SSD in JBOD running RF 3.

Thanks!

Column Family: cookie_user_lookup
SSTable count: 13464
SSTables in each level: [1, 3, 101/100, 1022/1000, 10587/10000, 1750]
Space used (live): 106151372078
Space used (total): 106870515200
Number of Keys (estimate): 954198528
Memtable Columns Count: 369605
Memtable Data Size: 170078697
Memtable Switch Count: 668
Read Count: 754323272
Read Latency: 1.029 ms.
Write Count: 130312827
Write Latency: 0.023 ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Positives: 22785986
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.24048
Bloom Filter Space Used: 659403424
Compacted row minimum size: 36
Compacted row maximum size: 215
Compacted row mean size: 162

Token            : (invoke with -T/--tokens to see all 256 tokens)
ID               : 6e1a0ac1-6354-40e1-bba4-063c7bb0983d
Gossip active    : true
Thrift active    : true
Load             : 204.64 GB
Generation No    : 1374259760
Uptime (seconds) : 634791
Heap Memory (MB) : 5601.37 / 8072.00
Data Center      : DAL1
Rack             : RAC1
Exceptions       : 78
Key Cache        : size 314572552 (bytes), capacity 314572800 (bytes), 327775491 hits, 3259949221 requests, 0.162 recent hit rate, 14400 save period in seconds
Row Cache        : size 0 (bytes), capacity 0 (bytes), 0 hits, 0 requests, NaN recent hit rate, 0 save period in seconds

CREATE TABLE cookie_user_lookup (
  cookie text PRIMARY KEY,
  creation_time timestamp,
  opt_out boolean,
  status int,
  user_id timeuuid
) WITH
  bloom_filter_fp_chance=0.100000 AND
  caching='KEYS_ONLY' AND
  comment='' AND
  dclocal_read_repair_chance=0.000000 AND
  gc_grace_seconds=86400 AND
  read_repair_chance=0.100000 AND
  replicate_on_write='true' AND
  populate_io_cache_on_flush='false' AND
  compaction={'sstable_size_in_mb': '256', 'class': 'LeveledCompactionStrategy'} AND
  compression={'chunk_length_kb': '8', 'crc_check_chance': '0.1', 'sstable_compression': 'LZ4Compressor'};