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Posted to commits@calcite.apache.org by jh...@apache.org on 2016/01/23 01:30:35 UTC

[17/50] [abbrv] calcite git commit: [CALCITE-794] Detect cycles when computing statistics

[CALCITE-794] Detect cycles when computing statistics

Make RelMetadataQuery methods non-static. Each active call is
registered in the RelMetadataQuery instance; it throws
CyclicMetadataException when it detects a cycle, and the caller can
catch it to return a sensible default value for the particular kind of
metadata.

Change signature of FlatLists.of(Object...) to
FlatLists.copyOf(Comparable...).

Temporarily disable all failing tests.

Add metadata for EnumerableLimit.


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/commit/cabdcf44
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/tree/cabdcf44
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/diff/cabdcf44

Branch: refs/remotes/julianhyde/master
Commit: cabdcf44e4aec4d4ceea7f97c8c6fd9e9dbd36b1
Parents: 2cef859
Author: Julian Hyde <jh...@apache.org>
Authored: Sat Jul 11 14:56:42 2015 -0700
Committer: Julian Hyde <jh...@apache.org>
Committed: Sun Jan 10 00:51:25 2016 -0800

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableCalc.java      |   8 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableFilter.java    |   6 +-
 .../enumerable/EnumerableInterpreter.java       |   6 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableJoin.java      |   9 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableLimit.java     |  25 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableMergeJoin.java |  12 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableProject.java   |   4 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableSemiJoin.java  |   9 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableThetaJoin.java |   9 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableValues.java    |   4 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/EnumerableWindow.java    |   5 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/JavaRowFormat.java       |   2 +-
 .../adapter/enumerable/PhysTypeImpl.java        |   2 +-
 .../apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcRules.java  |  33 ++-
 .../adapter/jdbc/JdbcToEnumerableConverter.java |   6 +-
 .../apache/calcite/interpreter/Bindables.java   |  14 +-
 .../calcite/plan/AbstractRelOptPlanner.java     |  30 +--
 .../apache/calcite/plan/ConventionTraitDef.java |   4 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptCost.java     |   2 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptPlanner.java  |  10 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepPlanner.java |  57 +++--
 .../plan/hep/HepRelMetadataProvider.java        |  22 +-
 .../apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelVertex.java   |   7 +-
 .../calcite/plan/volcano/AbstractConverter.java |   3 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSet.java |   7 +-
 .../apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSubset.java  |  46 ++--
 .../apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RuleQueue.java  |  14 +-
 .../calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoPlanner.java    |  23 +-
 .../volcano/VolcanoRelMetadataProvider.java     |  31 +--
 .../org/apache/calcite/prepare/PlannerImpl.java |   5 +
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/AbstractRelNode.java |  28 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/RelNode.java    |  24 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/SingleRel.java  |   4 +-
 .../calcite/rel/convert/ConverterImpl.java      |   6 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Aggregate.java  |   9 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Calc.java  |  18 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Correlate.java  |  13 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Exchange.java   |   5 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Filter.java     |  35 +--
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Intersect.java  |   5 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Join.java  |  14 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Minus.java |   5 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Project.java    |   5 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/SemiJoin.java   |  10 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Sort.java  |   5 +-
 .../calcite/rel/core/TableFunctionScan.java     |  10 +-
 .../apache/calcite/rel/core/TableModify.java    |   8 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/TableScan.java  |   6 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Union.java |  21 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Values.java     |  13 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Window.java     |   5 +-
 .../calcite/rel/externalize/RelWriterImpl.java  |  15 +-
 .../apache/calcite/rel/logical/LogicalCalc.java |   6 +-
 .../calcite/rel/logical/LogicalFilter.java      |   6 +-
 .../calcite/rel/logical/LogicalProject.java     |   4 +-
 .../rel/logical/LogicalTableFunctionScan.java   |   3 +-
 .../calcite/rel/logical/LogicalValues.java      |   4 +-
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/BuiltInMetadata.java   |  14 +-
 .../metadata/CachingRelMetadataProvider.java    |  53 ++--
 .../metadata/ChainedRelMetadataProvider.java    |  44 ++--
 .../rel/metadata/CyclicMetadataException.java   |  37 +++
 .../apache/calcite/rel/metadata/Metadata.java   |   2 +-
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/MetadataFactory.java   |  13 +-
 .../rel/metadata/MetadataFactoryImpl.java       |  31 +--
 .../metadata/ReflectiveRelMetadataProvider.java | 100 +++++---
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdCollation.java    | 102 ++++----
 .../rel/metadata/RelMdColumnOrigins.java        | 110 +++-----
 .../rel/metadata/RelMdColumnUniqueness.java     | 255 +++++++++----------
 .../rel/metadata/RelMdDistinctRowCount.java     | 171 ++++++-------
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdDistribution.java |  47 ++--
 .../rel/metadata/RelMdExplainVisibility.java    |  10 +-
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdMaxRowCount.java  |  69 +++--
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdMemory.java       |  24 +-
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdParallelism.java  |  14 +-
 .../metadata/RelMdPercentageOriginalRows.java   |  46 ++--
 .../rel/metadata/RelMdPopulationSize.java       |  73 +++---
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdPredicates.java   | 136 +++++-----
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java     | 129 +++++++---
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdSelectivity.java  |  60 ++---
 .../apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdSize.java  |  66 +++--
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdUniqueKeys.java   |  60 ++---
 .../apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdUtil.java  | 255 +++++++++----------
 .../rel/metadata/RelMetadataProvider.java       |   8 +-
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMetadataQuery.java  | 159 ++++++------
 .../calcite/rel/metadata/UnboundMetadata.java   |  31 +++
 .../rel/rules/AggregateFilterTransposeRule.java |   4 +-
 .../rel/rules/AggregateJoinTransposeRule.java   |  12 +-
 .../AggregateProjectPullUpConstantsRule.java    |   3 +-
 .../calcite/rel/rules/AggregateRemoveRule.java  |   9 +-
 .../rel/rules/AggregateStarTableRule.java       |   4 +-
 .../rel/rules/AggregateUnionTransposeRule.java  |   5 +-
 .../rules/JoinPushTransitivePredicatesRule.java |   3 +-
 .../apache/calcite/rel/rules/LoptMultiJoin.java |  19 +-
 .../calcite/rel/rules/LoptOptimizeJoinRule.java |  63 ++---
 .../rel/rules/LoptSemiJoinOptimizer.java        |  39 ++-
 .../rel/rules/MultiJoinOptimizeBushyRule.java   |   3 +-
 .../rel/rules/ReduceExpressionsRule.java        |  13 +-
 .../rel/rules/SortJoinTransposeRule.java        |  10 +-
 .../rel/rules/SortUnionTransposeRule.java       |   6 +-
 .../calcite/rel/rules/SubQueryRemoveRule.java   |   3 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/runtime/FlatLists.java   |  75 +++++-
 .../apache/calcite/schema/impl/StarTable.java   |   4 +-
 .../apache/calcite/sql2rel/RelDecorrelator.java |  14 +-
 .../apache/calcite/sql2rel/RelFieldTrimmer.java |  10 +-
 .../main/java/org/apache/calcite/util/Bug.java  |   6 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/util/BuiltInMethod.java  |   6 +-
 .../org/apache/calcite/util/NumberUtil.java     |  11 +
 .../plan/volcano/TraitPropagationTest.java      |  18 +-
 .../plan/volcano/VolcanoPlannerTest.java        |  13 +-
 .../plan/volcano/VolcanoPlannerTraitTest.java   |  22 +-
 .../apache/calcite/test/JdbcAdapterTest.java    |  28 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/test/JdbcTest.java  |   8 +-
 .../apache/calcite/test/RelMetadataTest.java    | 159 +++++++-----
 .../org/apache/calcite/tools/PlannerTest.java   |   9 +-
 .../java/org/apache/calcite/util/UtilTest.java  |  10 +
 core/src/test/resources/sql/agg.iq              |   2 +-
 .../calcite/adapter/mongodb/MongoFilter.java    |   6 +-
 .../calcite/adapter/mongodb/MongoProject.java   |   6 +-
 .../calcite/adapter/mongodb/MongoSort.java      |   6 +-
 .../calcite/adapter/mongodb/MongoTableScan.java |   6 +-
 .../mongodb/MongoToEnumerableConverter.java     |   6 +-
 .../spark/EnumerableToSparkConverter.java       |   6 +-
 .../adapter/spark/JdbcToSparkConverter.java     |   6 +-
 .../calcite/adapter/spark/SparkRules.java       |  16 +-
 .../spark/SparkToEnumerableConverter.java       |   6 +-
 125 files changed, 1912 insertions(+), 1564 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableCalc.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableCalc.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableCalc.java
index ce1f642..205bd05 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableCalc.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableCalc.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Calc;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdCollation;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdDistribution;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexProgram;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.BuiltInMethod;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.Pair;
@@ -86,18 +87,19 @@ public class EnumerableCalc extends Calc implements EnumerableRel {
   public static EnumerableCalc create(final RelNode input,
       final RexProgram program) {
     final RelOptCluster cluster = input.getCluster();
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final RelTraitSet traitSet = cluster.traitSet()
         .replace(EnumerableConvention.INSTANCE)
         .replaceIfs(RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE,
             new Supplier<List<RelCollation>>() {
               public List<RelCollation> get() {
-                return RelMdCollation.calc(input, program);
+                return RelMdCollation.calc(mq, input, program);
               }
             })
         .replaceIf(RelDistributionTraitDef.INSTANCE,
             new Supplier<RelDistribution>() {
               public RelDistribution get() {
-                return RelMdDistribution.calc(input, program);
+                return RelMdDistribution.calc(mq, input, program);
               }
             });
     return new EnumerableCalc(cluster, traitSet, input, program);
@@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ public class EnumerableCalc extends Calc implements EnumerableRel {
         Expressions.new_(
             enumeratorType,
             NO_EXPRS,
-            Expressions.<MemberDeclaration>list(
+            Expressions.list(
                 Expressions.fieldDecl(
                     Modifier.PUBLIC
                     | Modifier.FINAL,

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableFilter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableFilter.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableFilter.java
index 7dccf91..894ff16 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableFilter.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableFilter.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Filter;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdCollation;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdDistribution;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
@@ -53,19 +54,20 @@ public class EnumerableFilter
   public static EnumerableFilter create(final RelNode input,
       RexNode condition) {
     final RelOptCluster cluster = input.getCluster();
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final RelTraitSet traitSet =
         cluster.traitSetOf(EnumerableConvention.INSTANCE)
             .replaceIfs(
                 RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                 new Supplier<List<RelCollation>>() {
                   public List<RelCollation> get() {
-                    return RelMdCollation.filter(input);
+                    return RelMdCollation.filter(mq, input);
                   }
                 })
             .replaceIf(RelDistributionTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                 new Supplier<RelDistribution>() {
                   public RelDistribution get() {
-                    return RelMdDistribution.filter(input);
+                    return RelMdDistribution.filter(mq, input);
                   }
                 });
     return new EnumerableFilter(cluster, traitSet, input, condition);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableInterpreter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableInterpreter.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableInterpreter.java
index cfa241f..1c53483 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableInterpreter.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableInterpreter.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptPlanner;
 import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.SingleRel;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.BuiltInMethod;
 
 import java.util.List;
@@ -72,8 +73,9 @@ public class EnumerableInterpreter extends SingleRel
         factor);
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    return super.computeSelfCost(planner).multiplyBy(factor);
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq).multiplyBy(factor);
   }
 
   @Override public RelNode copy(RelTraitSet traitSet, List<RelNode> inputs) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableJoin.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableJoin.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableJoin.java
index 0b86771..cfd00a4 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableJoin.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableJoin.java
@@ -125,8 +125,9 @@ public class EnumerableJoin extends EquiJoin implements EnumerableRel {
     }
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
 
     // Joins can be flipped, and for many algorithms, both versions are viable
     // and have the same cost. To make the results stable between versions of
@@ -143,8 +144,8 @@ public class EnumerableJoin extends EquiJoin implements EnumerableRel {
 
     // Cheaper if the smaller number of rows is coming from the LHS.
     // Model this by adding L log L to the cost.
-    final double rightRowCount = right.getRows();
-    final double leftRowCount = left.getRows();
+    final double rightRowCount = right.estimateRowCount(mq);
+    final double leftRowCount = left.estimateRowCount(mq);
     if (Double.isInfinite(leftRowCount)) {
       rowCount = leftRowCount;
     } else {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableLimit.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableLimit.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableLimit.java
index cea8755..827944f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableLimit.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableLimit.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelWriter;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.SingleRel;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdCollation;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdDistribution;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexLiteral;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.BuiltInMethod;
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 /** Relational expression that applies a limit and/or offset to its input. */
 public class EnumerableLimit extends SingleRel implements EnumerableRel {
-  private final RexNode offset;
-  private final RexNode fetch;
+  public final RexNode offset;
+  public final RexNode fetch;
 
   /** Creates an EnumerableLimit.
    *
@@ -63,19 +64,20 @@ public class EnumerableLimit extends SingleRel implements EnumerableRel {
   public static EnumerableLimit create(final RelNode input, RexNode offset,
       RexNode fetch) {
     final RelOptCluster cluster = input.getCluster();
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final RelTraitSet traitSet =
         cluster.traitSetOf(EnumerableConvention.INSTANCE)
             .replaceIfs(
                 RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                 new Supplier<List<RelCollation>>() {
                   public List<RelCollation> get() {
-                    return RelMdCollation.limit(input);
+                    return RelMdCollation.limit(mq, input);
                   }
                 })
             .replaceIf(RelDistributionTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                 new Supplier<RelDistribution>() {
                   public RelDistribution get() {
-                    return RelMdDistribution.limit(input);
+                    return RelMdDistribution.limit(mq, input);
                   }
                 });
     return new EnumerableLimit(cluster, traitSet, input, offset, fetch);
@@ -98,21 +100,6 @@ public class EnumerableLimit extends SingleRel implements EnumerableRel {
         .itemIf("fetch", fetch, fetch != null);
   }
 
-  @Override public double getRows() {
-    double rowCount = super.getRows();
-    final int offset =
-        this.offset == null ? 0 : RexLiteral.intValue(this.offset);
-    rowCount = Math.max(rowCount - offset, 0D);
-
-    if (this.fetch != null) {
-      final int limit = RexLiteral.intValue(this.fetch);
-      if (limit < rowCount) {
-        return (double) limit;
-      }
-    }
-    return rowCount;
-  }
-
   public Result implement(EnumerableRelImplementor implementor, Prefer pref) {
     final BlockBuilder builder = new BlockBuilder();
     final EnumerableRel child = (EnumerableRel) getInput();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableMergeJoin.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableMergeJoin.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableMergeJoin.java
index 18419e3..fd492cb 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableMergeJoin.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableMergeJoin.java
@@ -83,8 +83,9 @@ public class EnumerableMergeJoin extends EquiJoin implements EnumerableRel {
     final RelOptCluster cluster = right.getCluster();
     RelTraitSet traitSet = cluster.traitSet();
     if (traitSet.isEnabled(RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE)) {
+      final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
       final List<RelCollation> collations =
-          RelMdCollation.mergeJoin(left, right, leftKeys, rightKeys);
+          RelMdCollation.mergeJoin(mq, left, right, leftKeys, rightKeys);
       traitSet = traitSet.replace(collations);
     }
     return new EnumerableMergeJoin(cluster, traitSet, left, right, condition,
@@ -107,13 +108,14 @@ public class EnumerableMergeJoin extends EquiJoin implements EnumerableRel {
     }
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     // We assume that the inputs are sorted. The price of sorting them has
     // already been paid. The cost of the join is therefore proportional to the
     // input and output size.
-    final double rightRowCount = right.getRows();
-    final double leftRowCount = left.getRows();
-    final double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+    final double rightRowCount = right.estimateRowCount(mq);
+    final double leftRowCount = left.estimateRowCount(mq);
+    final double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
     final double d = leftRowCount + rightRowCount + rowCount;
     return planner.getCostFactory().makeCost(d, 0, 0);
   }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableProject.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableProject.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableProject.java
index e6852f7..fa2b48b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableProject.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableProject.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelCollationTraitDef;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Project;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdCollation;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.Util;
@@ -68,12 +69,13 @@ public class EnumerableProject extends Project implements EnumerableRel {
   public static EnumerableProject create(final RelNode input,
       final List<? extends RexNode> projects, RelDataType rowType) {
     final RelOptCluster cluster = input.getCluster();
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final RelTraitSet traitSet =
         cluster.traitSet().replace(EnumerableConvention.INSTANCE)
             .replaceIfs(RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                 new Supplier<List<RelCollation>>() {
                   public List<RelCollation> get() {
-                    return RelMdCollation.project(input, projects);
+                    return RelMdCollation.project(mq, input, projects);
                   }
                 });
     return new EnumerableProject(cluster, traitSet, input, projects, rowType);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableSemiJoin.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableSemiJoin.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableSemiJoin.java
index 569e79e..0162c51 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableSemiJoin.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableSemiJoin.java
@@ -83,12 +83,13 @@ public class EnumerableSemiJoin extends SemiJoin implements EnumerableRel {
     }
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
 
     // Right-hand input is the "build", and hopefully small, input.
-    final double rightRowCount = right.getRows();
-    final double leftRowCount = left.getRows();
+    final double rightRowCount = right.estimateRowCount(mq);
+    final double leftRowCount = left.estimateRowCount(mq);
     if (Double.isInfinite(leftRowCount)) {
       rowCount = leftRowCount;
     } else {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableThetaJoin.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableThetaJoin.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableThetaJoin.java
index e28ddfc..dc400ad 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableThetaJoin.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableThetaJoin.java
@@ -73,8 +73,9 @@ public class EnumerableThetaJoin extends Join implements EnumerableRel {
     }
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
 
     // Joins can be flipped, and for many algorithms, both versions are viable
     // and have the same cost. To make the results stable between versions of
@@ -89,8 +90,8 @@ public class EnumerableThetaJoin extends Join implements EnumerableRel {
       }
     }
 
-    final double rightRowCount = right.getRows();
-    final double leftRowCount = left.getRows();
+    final double rightRowCount = right.estimateRowCount(mq);
+    final double leftRowCount = left.estimateRowCount(mq);
     if (Double.isInfinite(leftRowCount)) {
       rowCount = leftRowCount;
     }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableValues.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableValues.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableValues.java
index 13dd24d..6023c02 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableValues.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableValues.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Values;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdCollation;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdDistribution;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataTypeField;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexLiteral;
@@ -57,12 +58,13 @@ public class EnumerableValues extends Values implements EnumerableRel {
   public static EnumerableValues create(RelOptCluster cluster,
       final RelDataType rowType,
       final ImmutableList<ImmutableList<RexLiteral>> tuples) {
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final RelTraitSet traitSet =
         cluster.traitSetOf(EnumerableConvention.INSTANCE)
             .replaceIfs(RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                 new Supplier<List<RelCollation>>() {
                   public List<RelCollation> get() {
-                    return RelMdCollation.values(rowType, tuples);
+                    return RelMdCollation.values(mq, rowType, tuples);
                   }
                 })
             .replaceIf(RelDistributionTraitDef.INSTANCE,

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableWindow.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableWindow.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableWindow.java
index 433c6cd..f8bd84f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableWindow.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/EnumerableWindow.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelFieldCollation;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.AggregateCall;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Window;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataTypeFactory;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexInputRef;
@@ -74,8 +75,8 @@ public class EnumerableWindow extends Window implements EnumerableRel {
         constants, rowType, groups);
   }
 
-  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    return super.computeSelfCost(planner)
+  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq)
         .multiplyBy(EnumerableConvention.COST_MULTIPLIER);
   }
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/JavaRowFormat.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/JavaRowFormat.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/JavaRowFormat.java
index 9cb54ff..316af0d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/JavaRowFormat.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/JavaRowFormat.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public enum JavaRowFormat {
                 null,
                 BuiltInMethod.LIST_N.method,
                 Expressions.newArrayInit(
-                    Object.class,
+                    Comparable.class,
                     expressions)),
             List.class);
       }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/PhysTypeImpl.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/PhysTypeImpl.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/PhysTypeImpl.java
index 2c0c491..0f83889 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/PhysTypeImpl.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/enumerable/PhysTypeImpl.java
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ public class PhysTypeImpl implements PhysType {
                 null,
                 BuiltInMethod.LIST_N.method,
                 Expressions.newArrayInit(
-                    Object.class,
+                    Comparable.class,
                     list)),
             v1);
       }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcRules.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcRules.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcRules.java
index ca80d29..db8bc89 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcRules.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcRules.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalProject;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalTableModify;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalUnion;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalValues;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdUtil;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.rel2sql.SqlImplementor;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
@@ -247,16 +248,17 @@ public class JdbcRules {
       }
     }
 
-    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+        RelMetadataQuery mq) {
       // We always "build" the
-      double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+      double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
 
       return planner.getCostFactory().makeCost(rowCount, 0, 0);
     }
 
-    @Override public double getRows() {
-      final double leftRowCount = left.getRows();
-      final double rightRowCount = right.getRows();
+    @Override public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      final double leftRowCount = left.estimateRowCount(mq);
+      final double rightRowCount = right.estimateRowCount(mq);
       return Math.max(leftRowCount, rightRowCount);
     }
 
@@ -316,13 +318,14 @@ public class JdbcRules {
       return program.explainCalc(super.explainTerms(pw));
     }
 
-    public double getRows() {
-      return LogicalFilter.estimateFilteredRows(getInput(), program);
+    @Override public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      return RelMdUtil.estimateFilteredRows(getInput(), program, mq);
     }
 
-    public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-      double dRows = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
-      double dCpu = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(getInput())
+    public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+        RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      double dRows = mq.getRowCount(this);
+      double dCpu = mq.getRowCount(getInput())
           * program.getExprCount();
       double dIo = 0;
       return planner.getCostFactory().makeCost(dRows, dCpu, dIo);
@@ -387,8 +390,9 @@ public class JdbcRules {
       return new JdbcProject(getCluster(), traitSet, input, projects, rowType);
     }
 
-    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-      return super.computeSelfCost(planner)
+    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+        RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq)
           .multiplyBy(JdbcConvention.COST_MULTIPLIER);
     }
 
@@ -604,8 +608,9 @@ public class JdbcRules {
       return new JdbcUnion(getCluster(), traitSet, inputs, all);
     }
 
-    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-      return super.computeSelfCost(planner).multiplyBy(.1);
+    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+        RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq).multiplyBy(.1);
     }
 
     public JdbcImplementor.Result implement(JdbcImplementor implementor) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToEnumerableConverter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToEnumerableConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToEnumerableConverter.java
index 125d61b..732772d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToEnumerableConverter.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToEnumerableConverter.java
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
 import org.apache.calcite.prepare.CalcitePrepareImpl;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.convert.ConverterImpl;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.runtime.Hook;
 import org.apache.calcite.runtime.SqlFunctions;
@@ -71,8 +72,9 @@ public class JdbcToEnumerableConverter
         getCluster(), traitSet, sole(inputs));
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    return super.computeSelfCost(planner).multiplyBy(.1);
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq).multiplyBy(.1);
   }
 
   public Result implement(EnumerableRelImplementor implementor, Prefer pref) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/interpreter/Bindables.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/interpreter/Bindables.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/interpreter/Bindables.java
index 9d4b250..aa44c6a 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/interpreter/Bindables.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/interpreter/Bindables.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalUnion;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalValues;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalWindow;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdCollation;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataTypeFactory;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataTypeField;
@@ -217,8 +218,9 @@ public class Bindables {
           .itemIf("projects", projects, !projects.equals(identity()));
     }
 
-    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-      return super.computeSelfCost(planner).multiplyBy(0.01d);
+    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+        RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq).multiplyBy(0.01d);
     }
 
     public static boolean canHandle(RelOptTable table) {
@@ -267,12 +269,13 @@ public class Bindables {
     public static BindableFilter create(final RelNode input,
         RexNode condition) {
       final RelOptCluster cluster = input.getCluster();
+      final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
       final RelTraitSet traitSet =
           cluster.traitSetOf(BindableConvention.INSTANCE)
               .replaceIfs(RelCollationTraitDef.INSTANCE,
                   new Supplier<List<RelCollation>>() {
                     public List<RelCollation> get() {
-                      return RelMdCollation.filter(input);
+                      return RelMdCollation.filter(mq, input);
                     }
                   });
       return new BindableFilter(cluster, traitSet, input, condition);
@@ -638,8 +641,9 @@ public class Bindables {
           constants, rowType, groups);
     }
 
-    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-      return super.computeSelfCost(planner)
+    @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+        RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+      return super.computeSelfCost(planner, mq)
           .multiplyBy(BindableConvention.COST_MULTIPLIER);
     }
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/AbstractRelOptPlanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/AbstractRelOptPlanner.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/AbstractRelOptPlanner.java
index b25c28c..38c0e7e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/AbstractRelOptPlanner.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/AbstractRelOptPlanner.java
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.CancelFlag;
 
 import com.google.common.base.Predicate;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -53,8 +53,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
    * Maps rule description to rule, just to ensure that rules' descriptions
    * are unique.
    */
-  private final Map<String, RelOptRule> mapDescToRule =
-      new HashMap<String, RelOptRule>();
+  private final Map<String, RelOptRule> mapDescToRule = new HashMap<>();
 
   protected final RelOptCostFactory costFactory;
 
@@ -64,11 +63,9 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
 
   private CancelFlag cancelFlag;
 
-  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-  private final Set<Class<? extends RelNode>> classes =
-      new HashSet<Class<? extends RelNode>>();
+  private final Set<Class<? extends RelNode>> classes = new HashSet<>();
 
-  private final Set<RelTrait> traits = new HashSet<RelTrait>();
+  private final Set<RelTrait> traits = new HashSet<>();
 
   /** External context. Never null. */
   protected final Context context;
@@ -111,7 +108,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
     return costFactory;
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public void setCancelFlag(CancelFlag cancelFlag) {
     this.cancelFlag = cancelFlag;
   }
@@ -179,7 +175,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
     return mapDescToRule.get(description);
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public void setRuleDescExclusionFilter(Pattern exclusionFilter) {
     ruleDescExclusionFilter = exclusionFilter;
   }
@@ -195,7 +190,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
         && ruleDescExclusionFilter.matcher(rule.toString()).matches();
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public RelOptPlanner chooseDelegate() {
     return this;
   }
@@ -213,11 +207,9 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
     return null;
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public void registerSchema(RelOptSchema schema) {
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public long getRelMetadataTimestamp(RelNode rel) {
     return 0;
   }
@@ -246,12 +238,15 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
     return RelTraitSet.createEmpty();
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
+  public RelOptCost getCost(RelNode rel, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    return mq.getCumulativeCost(rel);
+  }
+
   public RelOptCost getCost(RelNode rel) {
-    return RelMetadataQuery.getCumulativeCost(rel);
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
+    return getCost(rel, mq);
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public void addListener(RelOptListener newListener) {
     if (listener == null) {
       listener = new MulticastRelOptListener();
@@ -259,20 +254,17 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelOptPlanner implements RelOptPlanner {
     listener.addListener(newListener);
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public void registerMetadataProviders(List<RelMetadataProvider> list) {
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public boolean addRelTraitDef(RelTraitDef relTraitDef) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  // implement RelOptPlanner
   public void clearRelTraitDefs() {}
 
   public List<RelTraitDef> getRelTraitDefs() {
-    return Collections.emptyList();
+    return ImmutableList.of();
   }
 
   public void setExecutor(Executor executor) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/ConventionTraitDef.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/ConventionTraitDef.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/ConventionTraitDef.java
index 9de4762..579e217 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/ConventionTraitDef.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/ConventionTraitDef.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package org.apache.calcite.plan;
 
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.convert.ConverterRule;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.Pair;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.Util;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.graph.DefaultDirectedGraph;
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ public class ConventionTraitDef extends RelTraitDef<Convention> {
       RelNode rel,
       Convention toConvention,
       boolean allowInfiniteCostConverters) {
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final ConversionData conversionData = getConversionData(planner);
 
     final Convention fromConvention = rel.getConvention();
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ public class ConventionTraitDef extends RelTraitDef<Convention> {
       RelNode converted = rel;
       Convention previous = null;
       for (Convention arc : conversionPath) {
-        if (planner.getCost(converted).isInfinite()
+        if (planner.getCost(converted, mq).isInfinite()
             && !allowInfiniteCostConverters) {
           continue loop;
         }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptCost.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptCost.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptCost.java
index 1e19a72..bf9a55d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptCost.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptCost.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public interface RelOptCost {
   /**
    * @return number of rows processed; this should not be confused with the
    * row count produced by a relational expression
-   * ({@link org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode#getRows})
+   * ({@link org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode#estimateRowCount})
    */
   double getRows();
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptPlanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptPlanner.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptPlanner.java
index 0e42cb7..9b5e22a 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptPlanner.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/RelOptPlanner.java
@@ -192,9 +192,17 @@ public interface RelOptPlanner {
    * Computes the cost of a RelNode. In most cases, this just dispatches to
    * {@link RelMetadataQuery#getCumulativeCost}.
    *
-   * @param rel expression of interest
+   * @param rel Relational expression of interest
+   * @param mq Metadata query
    * @return estimated cost
    */
+  RelOptCost getCost(RelNode rel, RelMetadataQuery mq);
+
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use {@link #getCost(RelNode, RelMetadataQuery)}
+   * or, better, call {@link RelMetadataQuery#getCumulativeCost(RelNode)}.
+   */
+  @Deprecated // to be removed before 2.0
   RelOptCost getCost(RelNode rel);
 
   /**

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepPlanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepPlanner.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepPlanner.java
index 30e28b0..5569431 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepPlanner.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepPlanner.java
@@ -134,12 +134,12 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     this.mainProgram = program;
     this.onCopyHook =
         Util.first(onCopyHook, Functions.<RelNode, RelNode, Void>ignore2());
-    mapDigestToVertex = new HashMap<String, HepRelVertex>();
+    mapDigestToVertex = new HashMap<>();
     graph = DefaultDirectedGraph.create();
 
     // NOTE jvs 24-Apr-2006:  We use LinkedHashSet here and below
     // in order to provide deterministic behavior.
-    allRules = new LinkedHashSet<RelOptRule>();
+    allRules = new LinkedHashSet<>();
     this.noDAG = noDAG;
   }
 
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
       LOGGER.finest("Applying rule class " + instruction.ruleClass);
     }
     if (instruction.ruleSet == null) {
-      instruction.ruleSet = new LinkedHashSet<RelOptRule>();
+      instruction.ruleSet = new LinkedHashSet<>();
       for (RelOptRule rule : allRules) {
         if (instruction.ruleClass.isInstance(rule)) {
           instruction.ruleSet.add(rule);
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
       HepInstruction.ConverterRules instruction) {
     assert currentProgram.group == null;
     if (instruction.ruleSet == null) {
-      instruction.ruleSet = new LinkedHashSet<RelOptRule>();
+      instruction.ruleSet = new LinkedHashSet<>();
       for (RelOptRule rule : allRules) {
         if (!(rule instanceof ConverterRule)) {
           continue;
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
   void executeInstruction(HepInstruction.CommonRelSubExprRules instruction) {
     assert currentProgram.group == null;
     if (instruction.ruleSet == null) {
-      instruction.ruleSet = new LinkedHashSet<RelOptRule>();
+      instruction.ruleSet = new LinkedHashSet<>();
       for (RelOptRule rule : allRules) {
         if (!(rule instanceof CommonRelSubExprRule)) {
           continue;
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     // TODO jvs 4-Apr-2006:  enhance TopologicalOrderIterator
     // to support reverse walk.
     assert currentProgram.matchOrder == HepMatchOrder.BOTTOM_UP;
-    final List<HepRelVertex> list = new ArrayList<HepRelVertex>();
+    final List<HepRelVertex> list = new ArrayList<>();
     for (HepRelVertex vertex : iter) {
       list.add(vertex);
     }
@@ -479,15 +479,14 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
       if (parentVertices.size() < 2) {
         return null;
       }
-      parents = new ArrayList<RelNode>();
+      parents = new ArrayList<>();
       for (HepRelVertex pVertex : parentVertices) {
         parents.add(pVertex.getCurrentRel());
       }
     }
 
-    List<RelNode> bindings = new ArrayList<RelNode>();
-    Map<RelNode, List<RelNode>> nodeChildren =
-        new HashMap<RelNode, List<RelNode>>();
+    final List<RelNode> bindings = new ArrayList<>();
+    final Map<RelNode, List<RelNode>> nodeChildren = new HashMap<>();
     boolean match =
         matchOperands(
             rule.getOperand(),
@@ -554,8 +553,8 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
    * @return the list of parents for the vertex
    */
   private List<HepRelVertex> getVertexParents(HepRelVertex vertex) {
-    List<HepRelVertex> parents = new ArrayList<HepRelVertex>();
-    List<HepRelVertex> parentVertices =
+    final List<HepRelVertex> parents = new ArrayList<>();
+    final List<HepRelVertex> parentVertices =
         Graphs.predecessorListOf(graph, vertex);
 
     for (HepRelVertex pVertex : parentVertices) {
@@ -604,7 +603,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
           return false;
         }
       }
-      List<RelNode> children = new ArrayList<RelNode>(childRels.size());
+      final List<RelNode> children = new ArrayList<>(childRels.size());
       for (HepRelVertex childRel : childRels) {
         children.add(childRel.getCurrentRel());
       }
@@ -649,13 +648,13 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
       bestRel = call.getResults().get(0);
     } else {
       RelOptCost bestCost = null;
+      final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
       for (RelNode rel : call.getResults()) {
-        RelOptCost thisCost = getCost(rel);
+        RelOptCost thisCost = getCost(rel, mq);
         if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.FINER)) {
-          LOGGER.finer(
-              "considering " + rel + " with cumulative cost="
-              + thisCost + " and rowcount="
-              + RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(rel));
+          LOGGER.finer("considering " + rel
+              + " with cumulative cost=" + thisCost
+              + " and rowcount=" + mq.getRowCount(rel));
         }
         if ((bestRel == null) || thisCost.isLt(bestCost)) {
           bestRel = rel;
@@ -675,8 +674,9 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     // we only update the existing parents, not the new parents
     // (otherwise loops can result).  Also take care of filtering
     // out parents by traits in case we're dealing with a converter rule.
-    List<HepRelVertex> allParents = Graphs.predecessorListOf(graph, vertex);
-    List<HepRelVertex> parents = new ArrayList<HepRelVertex>();
+    final List<HepRelVertex> allParents =
+        Graphs.predecessorListOf(graph, vertex);
+    final List<HepRelVertex> parents = new ArrayList<>();
     for (HepRelVertex parent : allParents) {
       if (parentTrait != null) {
         RelNode parentRel = parent.getCurrentRel();
@@ -758,8 +758,8 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
 
     // Recursively add children, replacing this rel's inputs
     // with corresponding child vertices.
-    List<RelNode> inputs = rel.getInputs();
-    List<RelNode> newInputs = new ArrayList<RelNode>();
+    final List<RelNode> inputs = rel.getInputs();
+    final List<RelNode> newInputs = new ArrayList<>();
     for (RelNode input1 : inputs) {
       HepRelVertex childVertex = addRelToGraph(input1);
       newInputs.add(childVertex);
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     LOGGER.finest("collecting garbage");
 
     // Yer basic mark-and-sweep.
-    Set<HepRelVertex> rootSet = new HashSet<HepRelVertex>();
+    final Set<HepRelVertex> rootSet = new HashSet<>();
     if (graph.vertexSet().contains(root)) {
       BreadthFirstIterator.reachable(rootSet, graph, root);
     }
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
       // Everything is reachable:  no garbage to collect.
       return;
     }
-    Set<HepRelVertex> sweepSet = new HashSet<HepRelVertex>();
+    final Set<HepRelVertex> sweepSet = new HashSet<>();
     for (HepRelVertex vertex : graph.vertexSet()) {
       if (!rootSet.contains(vertex)) {
         sweepSet.add(vertex);
@@ -929,8 +929,8 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
 
   private void assertNoCycles() {
     // Verify that the graph is acyclic.
-    CycleDetector<HepRelVertex, DefaultEdge> cycleDetector =
-        new CycleDetector<HepRelVertex, DefaultEdge>(graph);
+    final CycleDetector<HepRelVertex, DefaultEdge> cycleDetector =
+        new CycleDetector<>(graph);
     Set<HepRelVertex> cyclicVertices = cycleDetector.findCycles();
     if (cyclicVertices.isEmpty()) {
       return;
@@ -948,6 +948,7 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
 
     assertNoCycles();
 
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
     sb.append("\nBreadth-first from root:  {\n");
     for (HepRelVertex vertex : BreadthFirstIterator.of(graph, root)) {
@@ -957,9 +958,9 @@ public class HepPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
       RelNode rel = vertex.getCurrentRel();
       sb.append(rel)
           .append(", rowcount=")
-          .append(RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(rel))
+          .append(mq.getRowCount(rel))
           .append(", cumulative cost=")
-          .append(getCost(rel))
+          .append(getCost(rel, mq))
           .append('\n');
     }
     sb.append("}");

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelMetadataProvider.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelMetadataProvider.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelMetadataProvider.java
index e944dbe..3f1170a 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelMetadataProvider.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelMetadataProvider.java
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ package org.apache.calcite.plan.hep;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.Metadata;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataProvider;
-
-import com.google.common.base.Function;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.UnboundMetadata;
 
 /**
  * HepRelMetadataProvider implements the {@link RelMetadataProvider} interface
@@ -29,20 +29,20 @@ import com.google.common.base.Function;
 class HepRelMetadataProvider implements RelMetadataProvider {
   //~ Methods ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  public Function<RelNode, Metadata> apply(Class<? extends RelNode> relClass,
-      final Class<? extends Metadata> metadataClass) {
-    return new Function<RelNode, Metadata>() {
-      public Metadata apply(RelNode rel) {
+  public <M extends Metadata> UnboundMetadata<M>
+  apply(Class<? extends RelNode> relClass,
+      final Class<? extends M> metadataClass) {
+    return new UnboundMetadata<M>() {
+      public M bind(RelNode rel, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
         if (!(rel instanceof HepRelVertex)) {
           return null;
         }
-
         HepRelVertex vertex = (HepRelVertex) rel;
         final RelNode rel2 = vertex.getCurrentRel();
-        Function<RelNode, Metadata> function =
-            rel.getCluster().getMetadataProvider().apply(
-                rel2.getClass(), metadataClass);
-        return function.apply(rel2);
+        UnboundMetadata<M> function =
+            rel.getCluster().getMetadataProvider().apply(rel2.getClass(),
+                metadataClass);
+        return function.bind(rel2, mq);
       }
     };
   }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelVertex.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelVertex.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelVertex.java
index 15e8894..249d37d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelVertex.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/hep/HepRelVertex.java
@@ -60,14 +60,15 @@ public class HepRelVertex extends AbstractRelNode {
     return this;
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     // HepRelMetadataProvider is supposed to intercept this
     // and redirect to the real rels. But sometimes it doesn't.
     return planner.getCostFactory().makeTinyCost();
   }
 
-  @Override public double getRows() {
-    return RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(currentRel);
+  @Override public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    return mq.getRowCount(currentRel);
   }
 
   @Override protected RelDataType deriveRowType() {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/AbstractConverter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/AbstractConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/AbstractConverter.java
index 96b7c19..42604c9 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/AbstractConverter.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/AbstractConverter.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelWriter;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.convert.ConverterImpl;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 
 import java.util.List;
 
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ public class AbstractConverter extends ConverterImpl {
         traitSet);
   }
 
-  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     return planner.getCostFactory().makeInfiniteCost();
   }
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSet.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSet.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSet.java
index cf78dff..35cf026 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSet.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSet.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTrait;
 import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.CorrelationId;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.trace.CalciteTrace;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
@@ -275,12 +276,12 @@ class RelSet {
     }
 
     // Make sure the cost changes as a result of merging are propagated.
-    Set<RelSubset> activeSet = new HashSet<>();
+    final Set<RelSubset> activeSet = new HashSet<>();
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     for (RelNode parentRel : getParentRels()) {
       final RelSubset parentSubset = planner.getSubset(parentRel);
       parentSubset.propagateCostImprovements(
-          planner,
-          parentRel,
+          planner, mq, parentRel,
           activeSet);
     }
     assert activeSet.isEmpty();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSubset.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSubset.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSubset.java
index 3fede02..b71390b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSubset.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RelSubset.java
@@ -128,8 +128,9 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
    */
   private void computeBestCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
     bestCost = planner.getCostFactory().makeInfiniteCost();
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     for (RelNode rel : getRels()) {
-      final RelOptCost cost = planner.getCost(rel);
+      final RelOptCost cost = planner.getCost(rel, mq);
       if (cost.isLt(bestCost)) {
         bestCost = cost;
         best = rel;
@@ -141,19 +142,23 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
     return best;
   }
 
+  public RelNode getOriginal() {
+    return set.rel;
+  }
+
   public RelNode copy(RelTraitSet traitSet, List<RelNode> inputs) {
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
   }
 
-  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     return planner.getCostFactory().makeZeroCost();
   }
 
-  public double getRows() {
+  public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     if (best != null) {
-      return RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(best);
+      return mq.getRowCount(best);
     } else {
-      return RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(set.rel);
+      return mq.getRowCount(set.rel);
     }
   }
 
@@ -189,7 +194,7 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
    * subset.
    */
   Set<RelNode> getParents() {
-    final Set<RelNode> list = new LinkedHashSet<RelNode>();
+    final Set<RelNode> list = new LinkedHashSet<>();
     for (RelNode parent : set.getParentRels()) {
       for (RelSubset rel : inputSubsets(parent)) {
         if (rel.set == set && traitSet.satisfies(rel.getTraitSet())) {
@@ -205,7 +210,7 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
    * of whose inputs is in this subset.
    */
   Set<RelSubset> getParentSubsets(VolcanoPlanner planner) {
-    final Set<RelSubset> list = new LinkedHashSet<RelSubset>();
+    final Set<RelSubset> list = new LinkedHashSet<>();
     for (RelNode parent : set.getParentRels()) {
       for (RelSubset rel : inputSubsets(parent)) {
         if (rel.set == set && rel.getTraitSet().equals(traitSet)) {
@@ -226,7 +231,7 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
    * subset. The elements of the list are distinct.
    */
   public Collection<RelNode> getParentRels() {
-    final Set<RelNode> list = new LinkedHashSet<RelNode>();
+    final Set<RelNode> list = new LinkedHashSet<>();
   parentLoop:
     for (RelNode parent : set.getParentRels()) {
       for (RelSubset rel : inputSubsets(parent)) {
@@ -303,24 +308,21 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
    * recursively checks whether that subset's parents have gotten cheaper.
    *
    * @param planner   Planner
+   * @param mq        Metadata query
    * @param rel       Relational expression whose cost has improved
    * @param activeSet Set of active subsets, for cycle detection
    */
-  void propagateCostImprovements(
-      VolcanoPlanner planner,
-      RelNode rel,
-      Set<RelSubset> activeSet) {
+  void propagateCostImprovements(VolcanoPlanner planner, RelMetadataQuery mq,
+      RelNode rel, Set<RelSubset> activeSet) {
     for (RelSubset subset : set.subsets) {
       if (rel.getTraitSet().satisfies(subset.traitSet)) {
-        subset.propagateCostImprovements0(planner, rel, activeSet);
+        subset.propagateCostImprovements0(planner, mq, rel, activeSet);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  void propagateCostImprovements0(
-      VolcanoPlanner planner,
-      RelNode rel,
-      Set<RelSubset> activeSet) {
+  void propagateCostImprovements0(VolcanoPlanner planner, RelMetadataQuery mq,
+      RelNode rel, Set<RelSubset> activeSet) {
     ++timestamp;
 
     if (!activeSet.add(this)) {
@@ -331,7 +333,7 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
       return;
     }
     try {
-      final RelOptCost cost = planner.getCost(rel);
+      final RelOptCost cost = planner.getCost(rel, mq);
       if (cost.isLt(bestCost)) {
         if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.FINER)) {
           LOGGER.finer("Subset cost improved: subset [" + this
@@ -346,8 +348,8 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
         planner.ruleQueue.recompute(this);
         for (RelNode parent : getParents()) {
           final RelSubset parentSubset = planner.getSubset(parent);
-          parentSubset.propagateCostImprovements(
-              planner, parent, activeSet);
+          parentSubset.propagateCostImprovements(planner, mq, parent,
+              activeSet);
         }
         planner.checkForSatisfiedConverters(set, rel);
       }
@@ -401,7 +403,7 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
    * As {@link #getRels()} but returns a list.
    */
   public List<RelNode> getRelList() {
-    final List<RelNode> list = new ArrayList<RelNode>();
+    final List<RelNode> list = new ArrayList<>();
     for (RelNode rel : set.rels) {
       if (rel.getTraitSet().satisfies(traitSet)) {
         list.add(rel);
@@ -460,7 +462,7 @@ public class RelSubset extends AbstractRelNode {
       }
 
       List<RelNode> oldInputs = p.getInputs();
-      List<RelNode> inputs = new ArrayList<RelNode>();
+      List<RelNode> inputs = new ArrayList<>();
       for (int i = 0; i < oldInputs.size(); i++) {
         RelNode oldInput = oldInputs.get(i);
         RelNode input = visit(oldInput, i, p);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RuleQueue.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RuleQueue.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RuleQueue.java
index bce60ab..f14a681 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RuleQueue.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/RuleQueue.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptCost;
 import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptRuleOperand;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNodes;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.ChunkList;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.Stacks;
 import org.apache.calcite.util.Util;
@@ -392,12 +393,14 @@ class RuleQueue {
       // The root always has importance = 1
       importance = 1.0;
     } else {
+      final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
+
       // The importance of a subset is the max of its importance to its
       // parents
       importance = 0.0;
       for (RelSubset parent : subset.getParentSubsets(planner)) {
         final double childImportance =
-            computeImportanceOfChild(subset, parent);
+            computeImportanceOfChild(mq, subset, parent);
         importance = Math.max(importance, childImportance);
       }
     }
@@ -582,12 +585,11 @@ class RuleQueue {
    * with cost 50 will have importance 0.4, and a child with cost 25 will have
    * importance 0.2.
    */
-  private double computeImportanceOfChild(
-      RelSubset child,
+  private double computeImportanceOfChild(RelMetadataQuery mq, RelSubset child,
       RelSubset parent) {
     final double parentImportance = getImportance(parent);
-    final double childCost = toDouble(planner.getCost(child));
-    final double parentCost = toDouble(planner.getCost(parent));
+    final double childCost = toDouble(planner.getCost(child, mq));
+    final double parentCost = toDouble(planner.getCost(parent, mq));
     double alpha = childCost / parentCost;
     if (alpha >= 1.0) {
       // child is always less important than parent
@@ -688,7 +690,7 @@ class RuleQueue {
      * <p>Use a hunkList because {@link java.util.ArrayList} does not implement
      * remove(0) efficiently.</p>
      */
-    final List<VolcanoRuleMatch> list = new ChunkList<VolcanoRuleMatch>();
+    final List<VolcanoRuleMatch> list = new ChunkList<>();
 
     /**
      * A set of rule-match names contained in {@link #list}. Allows fast

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoPlanner.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoPlanner.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoPlanner.java
index 425ebec..530148c 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoPlanner.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoPlanner.java
@@ -950,8 +950,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     RelVisitor visitor =
         new RelVisitor() {
           int depth = 0;
-
-          final HashSet<RelSubset> visitedSubsets = new HashSet<>();
+          final Set<RelSubset> visitedSubsets = new HashSet<>();
 
           public void visit(
               RelNode p,
@@ -991,7 +990,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
    * {@link Convention#NONE} and boosts their importance by 25%.
    */
   private void injectImportanceBoost() {
-    final HashSet<RelSubset> requireBoost = new HashSet<>();
+    final Set<RelSubset> requireBoost = new HashSet<>();
 
   SUBSET_LOOP:
     for (RelSubset subset : ruleQueue.subsetImportances.keySet()) {
@@ -1060,6 +1059,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
    * Checks internal consistency.
    */
   protected void validate() {
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     for (RelSet set : allSets) {
       if (set.equivalentSet != null) {
         throw new AssertionError(
@@ -1073,7 +1073,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
               + "] is in wrong set [" + set + "]");
         }
         for (RelNode rel : subset.getRels()) {
-          RelOptCost relCost = getCost(rel);
+          RelOptCost relCost = getCost(rel, mq);
           if (relCost.isLt(subset.bestCost)) {
             throw new AssertionError(
                 "rel [" + rel.getDescription()
@@ -1118,7 +1118,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     }
   }
 
-  public RelOptCost getCost(RelNode rel) {
+  public RelOptCost getCost(RelNode rel, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     assert rel != null : "pre-condition: rel != null";
     if (rel instanceof RelSubset) {
       return ((RelSubset) rel).bestCost;
@@ -1127,13 +1127,13 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
         == Convention.NONE) {
       return costFactory.makeInfiniteCost();
     }
-    RelOptCost cost = RelMetadataQuery.getNonCumulativeCost(rel);
+    RelOptCost cost = mq.getNonCumulativeCost(rel);
     if (!zeroCost.isLt(cost)) {
       // cost must be positive, so nudge it
       cost = costFactory.makeTinyCost();
     }
     for (RelNode input : rel.getInputs()) {
-      cost = cost.plus(getCost(input));
+      cost = cost.plus(getCost(input, mq));
     }
     return cost;
   }
@@ -1341,6 +1341,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
    * @see #normalizePlan(String)
    */
   public void dump(PrintWriter pw) {
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
     pw.println("Root: " + root.getDescription());
     pw.println("Original rel:");
     pw.println(originalRootString);
@@ -1395,8 +1396,8 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
           if (importance != null) {
             pw.print(", importance=" + importance);
           }
-          pw.print(", rowcount=" + RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(rel));
-          pw.println(", cumulative cost=" + getCost(rel));
+          pw.print(", rowcount=" + mq.getRowCount(rel));
+          pw.println(", cumulative cost=" + getCost(rel, mq));
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1657,6 +1658,7 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     // implements the interface required by its calling convention.
     final RelTraitSet traits = rel.getTraitSet();
     final Convention convention = traits.getTrait(ConventionTraitDef.INSTANCE);
+    assert convention != null;
     if (!convention.getInterface().isInstance(rel)
         && !(rel instanceof Converter)) {
       throw Util.newInternal(
@@ -1842,7 +1844,8 @@ public class VolcanoPlanner extends AbstractRelOptPlanner {
     // 100. We think this happens because the back-links to parents are
     // not established. So, give the subset another change to figure out
     // its cost.
-    subset.propagateCostImprovements(this, rel, new HashSet<RelSubset>());
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
+    subset.propagateCostImprovements(this, mq, rel, new HashSet<RelSubset>());
 
     return subset;
   }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoRelMetadataProvider.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoRelMetadataProvider.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoRelMetadataProvider.java
index e898a61..201670f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoRelMetadataProvider.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/plan/volcano/VolcanoRelMetadataProvider.java
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ package org.apache.calcite.plan.volcano;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.Metadata;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataProvider;
-
-import com.google.common.base.Function;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.UnboundMetadata;
 
 /**
  * VolcanoRelMetadataProvider implements the {@link RelMetadataProvider}
@@ -29,16 +29,19 @@ import com.google.common.base.Function;
 public class VolcanoRelMetadataProvider implements RelMetadataProvider {
   //~ Methods ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  public Function<RelNode, Metadata> apply(Class<? extends RelNode> relClass,
-      final Class<? extends Metadata> metadataClass) {
+  public <M extends Metadata> UnboundMetadata<M>
+  apply(Class<? extends RelNode> relClass,
+      final Class<? extends M> metadataClass) {
     if (relClass != RelSubset.class) {
       // let someone else further down the chain sort it out
       return null;
     }
 
-    return new Function<RelNode, Metadata>() {
-      public Metadata apply(RelNode rel) {
-        RelSubset subset = (RelSubset) rel;
+    return new UnboundMetadata<M>() {
+      public M bind(RelNode rel, RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+        final RelSubset subset = (RelSubset) rel;
+        final RelMetadataProvider provider =
+            rel.getCluster().getMetadataProvider();
 
         // REVIEW jvs 29-Mar-2006: I'm not sure what the correct precedence
         // should be here.  Letting the current best plan take the first shot is
@@ -49,11 +52,10 @@ public class VolcanoRelMetadataProvider implements RelMetadataProvider {
         // First, try current best implementation.  If it knows how to answer
         // this query, treat it as the most reliable.
         if (subset.best != null) {
-          final Function<RelNode, Metadata> function =
-              rel.getCluster().getMetadataProvider().apply(
-                  subset.best.getClass(), metadataClass);
+          final UnboundMetadata<M> function =
+              provider.apply(subset.best.getClass(), metadataClass);
           if (function != null) {
-            Metadata metadata = function.apply(subset.best);
+            final M metadata = function.bind(subset.best, mq);
             if (metadata != null) {
               return metadata;
             }
@@ -79,11 +81,10 @@ public class VolcanoRelMetadataProvider implements RelMetadataProvider {
         subset.set.inMetadataQuery = true;
         try {
           for (RelNode relCandidate : subset.set.rels) {
-            final Function<RelNode, Metadata> function =
-                rel.getCluster().getMetadataProvider().apply(
-                    relCandidate.getClass(), metadataClass);
+            final UnboundMetadata<M> function =
+                provider.apply(relCandidate.getClass(), metadataClass);
             if (function != null) {
-              final Metadata result = function.apply(relCandidate);
+              final M result = function.bind(relCandidate, mq);
               if (result != null) {
                 return result;
               }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/PlannerImpl.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/PlannerImpl.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/PlannerImpl.java
index d58cfd8..d75d9c9 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/PlannerImpl.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/PlannerImpl.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitDef;
 import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelRoot;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.CachingRelMetadataProvider;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexBuilder;
 import org.apache.calcite.schema.SchemaPlus;
@@ -269,6 +270,10 @@ public class PlannerImpl implements Planner {
   public RelNode transform(int ruleSetIndex, RelTraitSet requiredOutputTraits,
       RelNode rel) throws RelConversionException {
     ensure(State.STATE_5_CONVERTED);
+    rel.getCluster().setMetadataProvider(
+        new CachingRelMetadataProvider(
+            rel.getCluster().getMetadataProvider(),
+            rel.getCluster().getPlanner()));
     Program program = programs.get(ruleSetIndex);
     return program.run(planner, rel, requiredOutputTraits);
   }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/AbstractRelNode.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/AbstractRelNode.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/AbstractRelNode.java
index 75a546c..164d34e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/AbstractRelNode.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/AbstractRelNode.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.CorrelationId;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.externalize.RelWriterImpl;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.Metadata;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.MetadataFactory;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
 import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
@@ -162,11 +163,13 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelNode implements RelNode {
   }
 
   public boolean isDistinct() {
-    return Boolean.TRUE.equals(RelMetadataQuery.areRowsUnique(this));
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
+    return Boolean.TRUE.equals(mq.areRowsUnique(this));
   }
 
   public boolean isKey(ImmutableBitSet columns) {
-    return Boolean.TRUE.equals(RelMetadataQuery.areColumnsUnique(this, columns));
+    final RelMetadataQuery mq = RelMetadataQuery.instance();
+    return Boolean.TRUE.equals(mq.areColumnsUnique(this, columns));
   }
 
   public int getId() {
@@ -235,7 +238,11 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelNode implements RelNode {
     return Collections.emptyList();
   }
 
-  public double getRows() {
+  public final double getRows() {
+    return estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.instance());
+  }
+
+  public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     return 1.0;
   }
 
@@ -271,15 +278,22 @@ public abstract class AbstractRelNode implements RelNode {
     return this;
   }
 
-  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+  public final RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+    return computeSelfCost(planner, RelMetadataQuery.instance());
+  }
+
+  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     // by default, assume cost is proportional to number of rows
-    double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+    double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
     double bytesPerRow = 1;
     return planner.getCostFactory().makeCost(rowCount, rowCount, 0);
   }
 
-  public final <M extends Metadata> M metadata(Class<M> metadataClass) {
-    final M metadata = cluster.getMetadataFactory().query(this, metadataClass);
+  public final <M extends Metadata> M metadata(Class<M> metadataClass,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    final MetadataFactory factory = cluster.getMetadataFactory();
+    final M metadata = factory.query(this, mq, metadataClass);
     assert metadata != null
         : "no provider found (rel=" + this + ", m=" + metadataClass
         + "); a backstop provider is recommended";

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/RelNode.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/RelNode.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/RelNode.java
index 973bc98..0108e88 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/RelNode.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/RelNode.java
@@ -170,9 +170,18 @@ public interface RelNode extends RelOptNode, Cloneable {
    * {@link RelMetadataQuery#getRowCount}, which gives plugins a chance to
    * override the rel's default ideas about row count.
    *
+   * @param mq Metadata query
    * @return Estimate of the number of rows this relational expression will
    *   return
    */
+  double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq);
+
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Call {@link RelMetadataQuery#getRowCount(RelNode)};
+   * if you wish to override the default row count formula, override the
+   * {@link #estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery)} method.
+   */
+  @Deprecated // to be removed before 2.0
   double getRows();
 
   /**
@@ -246,20 +255,31 @@ public interface RelNode extends RelOptNode, Cloneable {
    * chance to override the rel's default ideas about cost.
    *
    * @param planner Planner for cost calculation
+   * @param mq Metadata query
    * @return Cost of this plan (not including children)
    */
+  RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner, RelMetadataQuery mq);
+
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Call {@link RelMetadataQuery#getNonCumulativeCost(RelNode)};
+   * if you wish to override the default cost formula, override the
+   * {@link #computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner, RelMetadataQuery)} method.
+   */
+  @Deprecated // to be removed before 2.0
   RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner);
 
   /**
    * Returns a metadata interface.
    *
-   * @param metadataClass Metadata interface
    * @param <M> Type of metadata being requested
+   * @param metadataClass Metadata interface
+   * @param mq Metadata query
+   *
    * @return Metadata object that supplies the desired metadata (never null,
    *     although if the information is not present the metadata object may
    *     return null from all methods)
    */
-  <M extends Metadata> M metadata(Class<M> metadataClass);
+  <M extends Metadata> M metadata(Class<M> metadataClass, RelMetadataQuery mq);
 
   /**
    * Describes the inputs and attributes of this relational expression.

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/SingleRel.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/SingleRel.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/SingleRel.java
index 5fbb2c6..186db36 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/SingleRel.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/SingleRel.java
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ public abstract class SingleRel extends AbstractRelNode {
     return ImmutableList.of(input);
   }
 
-  @Override public double getRows() {
+  @Override public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     // Not necessarily correct, but a better default than AbstractRelNode's 1.0
-    return RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(input);
+    return mq.getRowCount(input);
   }
 
   @Override public void childrenAccept(RelVisitor visitor) {

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/convert/ConverterImpl.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/convert/ConverterImpl.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/convert/ConverterImpl.java
index 4bb84be..b0cb40b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/convert/ConverterImpl.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/convert/ConverterImpl.java
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ public abstract class ConverterImpl extends SingleRel
 
   //~ Methods ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  // implement RelNode
-  public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
-    double dRows = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(getInput());
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    double dRows = mq.getRowCount(getInput());
     double dCpu = dRows;
     double dIo = 0;
     return planner.getCostFactory().makeCost(dRows, dCpu, dIo);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/calcite/blob/cabdcf44/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Aggregate.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Aggregate.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Aggregate.java
index 1a07bed..7b46940 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Aggregate.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/Aggregate.java
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ public abstract class Aggregate extends SingleRel {
     return pw;
   }
 
-  @Override public double getRows() {
+  @Override public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     // Assume that each sort column has 50% of the value count.
     // Therefore one sort column has .5 * rowCount,
     // 2 sort columns give .75 * rowCount.
@@ -285,16 +285,17 @@ public abstract class Aggregate extends SingleRel {
     if (groupCount == 0) {
       return 1;
     } else {
-      double rowCount = super.getRows();
+      double rowCount = super.estimateRowCount(mq);
       rowCount *= 1.0 - Math.pow(.5, groupCount);
       return rowCount;
     }
   }
 
-  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner) {
+  @Override public RelOptCost computeSelfCost(RelOptPlanner planner,
+      RelMetadataQuery mq) {
     // REVIEW jvs 24-Aug-2008:  This is bogus, but no more bogus
     // than what's currently in Join.
-    double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(this);
+    double rowCount = mq.getRowCount(this);
     // Aggregates with more aggregate functions cost a bit more
     float multiplier = 1f + (float) aggCalls.size() * 0.125f;
     for (AggregateCall aggCall : aggCalls) {