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Posted to commits@hawq.apache.org by od...@apache.org on 2016/05/05 23:07:21 UTC

[3/9] incubator-hawq git commit: HAWQ-672. Add python module pygresql back into hawq workspace

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq/blob/192cff1f/tools/bin/pythonSrc/PyGreSQL-4.0/pgmodule.c
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diff --git a/tools/bin/pythonSrc/PyGreSQL-4.0/pgmodule.c b/tools/bin/pythonSrc/PyGreSQL-4.0/pgmodule.c
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tools/bin/pythonSrc/PyGreSQL-4.0/pgmodule.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3756 @@
+/*
+ * $Id: pgmodule.c,v 1.90 2008/12/03 00:17:15 cito Exp $
+ * PyGres, version 2.2 A Python interface for PostgreSQL database. Written by
+ * D'Arcy J.M. Cain, (darcy@druid.net).  Based heavily on code written by
+ * Pascal Andre, andre@chimay.via.ecp.fr. Copyright (c) 1995, Pascal Andre
+ * (andre@via.ecp.fr).
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+ * documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written
+ * agreement is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and
+ * this paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all copies or in
+ * any new file that contains a substantial portion of this file.
+ *
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS,
+ * ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE
+ * AUTHOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * THE AUTHOR SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE
+ * AUTHOR HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES,
+ * ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
+ *
+ * Further modifications copyright 1997, 1998, 1999 by D'Arcy J.M. Cain
+ * (darcy@druid.net) subject to the same terms and conditions as above.
+ *
+ */
+
+/* Note: This should be linked against the same C runtime lib as Python */
+
+#include "postgres.h"
+#include "libpq-fe.h"
+#include "libpq/libpq-fs.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
+
+/* these will be defined in Python.h again: */
+#undef _POSIX_C_SOURCE
+#undef HAVE_STRERROR
+#undef snprintf
+#undef vsnprintf
+
+#include <Python.h>
+
+static PyObject *Error, *Warning, *InterfaceError,
+	*DatabaseError, *InternalError, *OperationalError, *ProgrammingError,
+	*IntegrityError, *DataError, *NotSupportedError;
+
+static const char *PyPgVersion = "4.0";
+
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000 && !defined(PY_SSIZE_T_MIN)
+typedef int Py_ssize_t;
+#define PY_SSIZE_T_MAX INT_MAX
+#define PY_SSIZE_T_MIN INT_MIN
+#endif
+
+/* taken from fileobject.c */
+#define BUF(v) PyString_AS_STRING((PyStringObject *)(v))
+
+/* default values */
+#define MODULE_NAME			"pgsql"
+#define PG_ARRAYSIZE			1
+
+/* flags for object validity checks */
+#define CHECK_OPEN			1
+#define CHECK_CLOSE			2
+#define CHECK_CNX			4
+#define CHECK_RESULT		8
+#define CHECK_DQL			16
+
+/* query result types */
+#define RESULT_EMPTY		1
+#define RESULT_DML			2
+#define RESULT_DDL			3
+#define RESULT_DQL			4
+
+/* flags for move methods */
+#define QUERY_MOVEFIRST		1
+#define QUERY_MOVELAST		2
+#define QUERY_MOVENEXT		3
+#define QUERY_MOVEPREV		4
+
+/* moves names for errors */
+const char *__movename[5] =
+{"", "movefirst", "movelast", "movenext", "moveprev"};
+
+#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 8192	/* maximum transaction size */
+
+#ifndef NO_DIRECT
+#define DIRECT_ACCESS 1			/* enables direct access functions */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_LARGE
+#define LARGE_OBJECTS 1			/* enables large objects support */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_DEF_VAR
+#define DEFAULT_VARS 1			/* enables default variables use */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_NOTICES
+#define HANDLE_NOTICES        1               /* enables notices handling */
+#endif   /* NO_NOTICES */
+
+#ifndef PG_VERSION_NUM
+#ifdef PQnoPasswordSupplied
+#define PG_VERSION_NUM 80000
+#else
+#define PG_VERSION_NUM 70400
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Before 8.0, PQsetdbLogin was not thread-safe with kerberos. */
+#if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 80000 || !(defined(KRB4) || defined(KRB5))
+#define PQsetdbLoginIsThreadSafe 1
+#endif
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* MODULE GLOBAL VARIABLES */
+
+#ifdef DEFAULT_VARS
+
+static PyObject *pg_default_host;	/* default database host */
+static PyObject *pg_default_base;	/* default database name */
+static PyObject *pg_default_opt;	/* default connection options */
+static PyObject *pg_default_tty;	/* default debug tty */
+static PyObject *pg_default_port;	/* default connection port */
+static PyObject *pg_default_user;	/* default username */
+static PyObject *pg_default_passwd;	/* default password */
+#endif	/* DEFAULT_VARS */
+
+#ifdef HANDLE_NOTICES
+#define MAX_BUFFERED_NOTICES 101              /* max notices (+1) to keep for each connection */
+static void notice_processor(void * arg, const char * message);
+#endif /* HANDLE_NOTICES */ 
+
+DL_EXPORT(void) init_pg(void);
+int *get_type_array(PGresult *result, int nfields);
+
+static PyObject *decimal = NULL; /* decimal type */
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* OBJECTS DECLARATION */
+
+/* pg connection object */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	PyObject_HEAD
+	int			valid;			/* validity flag */
+	PGconn		*cnx;			/* PostGres connection handle */
+	PGresult	*last_result;	/* last result content */
+#ifdef HANDLE_NOTICES
+        char           **notices;            /* dynamically allocated circular buffer for notices */
+        int              notices_first;  /* index of first filled index in notices */
+        int              notices_next;   /* index of first free index in notices */
+#endif /* HANDLE_NOTICES */
+}	pgobject;
+
+staticforward PyTypeObject PgType;
+
+#define is_pgobject(v) ((v)->ob_type == &PgType)
+
+static PyObject *
+pgobject_New(void)
+{
+	pgobject	*pgobj;
+
+	if ((pgobj = PyObject_NEW(pgobject, &PgType)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	pgobj->valid = 1;
+	pgobj->last_result = NULL;
+	pgobj->cnx = NULL;
+        pgobj->notices = malloc(sizeof(char*) * MAX_BUFFERED_NOTICES);
+        pgobj->notices_first = 0;
+        pgobj->notices_next = 0;
+	return (PyObject *) pgobj;
+}
+
+/* pg query object */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	PyObject_HEAD
+	PGresult	*last_result;	/* last result content */
+	int			result_type;	/* type of previous result */
+	long		current_pos;	/* current position in last result */
+	long		num_rows;		/* number of (affected) rows */
+}	pgqueryobject;
+
+staticforward PyTypeObject PgQueryType;
+
+#define is_pgqueryobject(v) ((v)->ob_type == &PgQueryType)
+
+/* pg source object */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	PyObject_HEAD
+	int			valid;			/* validity flag */
+	pgobject	*pgcnx;			/* parent connection object */
+	PGresult	*last_result;	/* last result content */
+	int			result_type;	/* result type (DDL/DML/DQL) */
+	long		arraysize;		/* array size for fetch method */
+	int			current_row;	/* current selected row */
+	int			max_row;		/* number of rows in the result */
+	int			num_fields;		/* number of fields in each row */
+}	pgsourceobject;
+
+staticforward PyTypeObject PgSourceType;
+
+#define is_pgsourceobject(v) ((v)->ob_type == &PgSourceType)
+
+
+#ifdef LARGE_OBJECTS
+/* pg large object */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+	PyObject_HEAD
+	pgobject	*pgcnx;			/* parent connection object */
+	Oid			lo_oid;			/* large object oid */
+	int			lo_fd;			/* large object fd */
+}	pglargeobject;
+
+staticforward PyTypeObject PglargeType;
+
+#define is_pglargeobject(v) ((v)->ob_type == &PglargeType)
+#endif /* LARGE_OBJECTS */
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* INTERNAL FUNCTIONS */
+
+
+/* prints result (mostly useful for debugging) */
+/* Note: This is a simplified version of the Postgres function PQprint().
+ * PQprint() is not used because handing over a stream from Python to
+ * Postgres can be problematic if they use different libs for streams.
+ * Also, PQprint() is considered obsolete and may be removed sometime.
+ */
+static void
+print_result(FILE *fout, const PGresult *res)
+{
+	int n = PQnfields(res);
+	if (n > 0)
+	{
+		int i, j;
+		int *fieldMax = NULL;
+		char **fields = NULL;
+		const char **fieldNames;
+		int m = PQntuples(res);
+		if (!(fieldNames = (const char **) calloc(n, sizeof(char *))))
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n"); exit(1);
+		}
+		if (!(fieldMax = (int *) calloc(n, sizeof(int))))
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n"); exit(1);
+		}
+		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+		{
+			const char *s = PQfname(res, j);
+			fieldNames[j] = s;
+			fieldMax[j] = s ? strlen(s) : 0;
+		}
+		if (!(fields = (char **) calloc(n * (m + 1), sizeof(char *))))
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n"); exit(1);
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
+		{
+			for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+			{
+				const char *val;
+				int len;
+				len = PQgetlength(res, i, j);
+				val = PQgetvalue(res, i, j);
+				if (len >= 1 && val && *val)
+				{
+					if (len > fieldMax[j])
+						fieldMax[j] = len;
+					if (!(fields[i * n + j] = (char *) malloc(len + 1)))
+					{
+						fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n"); exit(1);
+					}
+					strcpy(fields[i * n + j], val);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+		{
+			const char *s = PQfname(res, j);
+			int len = strlen(s);
+			if (len > fieldMax[j])
+				fieldMax[j] = len;
+			fprintf(fout, "%-*s", fieldMax[j], s);
+			if (j + 1 < n)
+				fputc('|', fout);
+		}
+		fputc('\n', fout);
+		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+		{
+			for (i = fieldMax[j]; i--; fputc('-', fout));
+			if (j + 1 < n)
+				fputc('+', fout);
+		}
+		fputc('\n', fout);
+		for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
+		{
+			for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+			{
+				char *s = fields[i * n + j];
+				fprintf(fout, "%-*s", fieldMax[j], s ? s : "");
+				if (j + 1 < n)
+					fputc('|', fout);
+				if (s)
+					free(s);
+			}
+			fputc('\n', fout);
+		}
+		free(fields);
+		fprintf(fout, "(%d row%s)\n\n", m, m == 1 ? "" : "s");
+		free(fieldMax);
+		free((void *) fieldNames);
+	}
+}
+
+/* checks connection validity */
+static int
+check_cnx_obj(pgobject * self)
+{
+	if (!self->valid)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(IntegrityError, "connection has been closed.");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+#ifdef LARGE_OBJECTS
+/* checks large object validity */
+static int
+check_lo_obj(pglargeobject * self, int level)
+{
+	if (!check_cnx_obj(self->pgcnx))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!self->lo_oid)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(IntegrityError, "object is not valid (null oid).");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (level & CHECK_OPEN)
+	{
+		if (self->lo_fd < 0)
+		{
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "object is not opened.");
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (level & CHECK_CLOSE)
+	{
+		if (self->lo_fd >= 0)
+		{
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "object is already opened.");
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+#endif /* LARGE_OBJECTS */
+
+/* checks source object validity */
+static int
+check_source_obj(pgsourceobject * self, int level)
+{
+	if (!self->valid)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(IntegrityError, "object has been closed");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ((level & CHECK_RESULT) && self->last_result == NULL)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(DatabaseError, "no result.");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ((level & CHECK_DQL) && self->result_type != RESULT_DQL)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(DatabaseError, "last query did not return tuples.");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if ((level & CHECK_CNX) && !check_cnx_obj(self->pgcnx))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* shared functions for converting PG types to Python types */
+int *
+get_type_array(PGresult *result, int nfields)
+{
+	int *typ;
+	int j;
+
+	if ((typ = malloc(sizeof(int) * nfields)) == NULL)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError, "memory error in getresult().");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	for (j = 0; j < nfields; j++)
+	{
+		switch (PQftype(result, j))
+		{
+			case INT2OID:
+			case INT4OID:
+			case OIDOID:
+				typ[j] = 1;
+				break;
+
+			case INT8OID:
+				typ[j] = 2;
+				break;
+
+			case FLOAT4OID:
+			case FLOAT8OID:
+				typ[j] = 3;
+				break;
+
+			case NUMERICOID:
+				typ[j] = 4;
+				break;
+
+			case CASHOID:
+				typ[j] = 5;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				typ[j] = 6;
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return typ;
+}
+
+
+/* prototypes for constructors */
+static pgsourceobject *pgsource_new(pgobject * pgcnx);
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* PG SOURCE OBJECT IMPLEMENTATION */
+
+/* constructor (internal use only) */
+static pgsourceobject *
+pgsource_new(pgobject * pgcnx)
+{
+	pgsourceobject *npgobj;
+
+	/* allocates new query object */
+	if ((npgobj = PyObject_NEW(pgsourceobject, &PgSourceType)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* initializes internal parameters */
+	Py_XINCREF(pgcnx);
+	npgobj->pgcnx = pgcnx;
+	npgobj->last_result = NULL;
+	npgobj->valid = 1;
+	npgobj->arraysize = PG_ARRAYSIZE;
+
+	return npgobj;
+}
+
+/* destructor */
+static void
+pgsource_dealloc(pgsourceobject * self)
+{
+	if (self->last_result)
+		PQclear(self->last_result);
+
+	Py_XDECREF(self->pgcnx);
+	PyObject_Del(self);
+}
+
+/* closes object */
+static char pgsource_close__doc__[] =
+"close() -- close query object without deleting it. "
+"All instances of the query object can no longer be used after this call.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_close(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "method close() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* frees result if necessary and invalidates object */
+	if (self->last_result)
+	{
+		PQclear(self->last_result);
+		self->result_type = RESULT_EMPTY;
+		self->last_result = NULL;
+	}
+
+	self->valid = 0;
+
+	/* return None */
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* database query */
+static char pgsource_execute__doc__[] =
+"execute(sql) -- execute a SQL statement (string).\n "
+"On success, this call returns the number of affected rows, "
+"or None for DQL (SELECT, ...) statements.\n"
+"The fetch (fetch(), fetchone() and fetchall()) methods can be used "
+"to get result rows.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_execute(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char		*query;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_source_obj(self, CHECK_CNX))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* make sure that the connection object is valid */
+	if (!self->pgcnx->cnx)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* get query args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &query))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "execute(sql), with sql (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* frees previous result */
+	if (self->last_result)
+	{
+		PQclear(self->last_result);
+		self->last_result = NULL;
+	}
+	self->max_row = 0;
+	self->current_row = 0;
+	self->num_fields = 0;
+
+	/* gets result */
+	Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+	self->last_result = PQexec(self->pgcnx->cnx, query);
+	Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+	/* checks result validity */
+	if (!self->last_result)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, PQerrorMessage(self->pgcnx->cnx));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks result status */
+	switch (PQresultStatus(self->last_result))
+	{
+		long	num_rows;
+		char   *temp;
+
+		/* query succeeded */
+		case PGRES_TUPLES_OK:	/* DQL: returns None (DB-SIG compliant) */
+			self->result_type = RESULT_DQL;
+			self->max_row = PQntuples(self->last_result);
+			self->num_fields = PQnfields(self->last_result);
+			Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+			return Py_None;
+		case PGRES_COMMAND_OK:	/* other requests */
+		case PGRES_COPY_OUT:
+		case PGRES_COPY_IN:
+			self->result_type = RESULT_DDL;
+			temp = PQcmdTuples(self->last_result);
+			num_rows = -1;
+			if (temp[0])
+			{
+				self->result_type = RESULT_DML;
+				num_rows = atol(temp);
+			}
+			return PyInt_FromLong(num_rows);
+
+		/* query failed */
+		case PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY:
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "empty query.");
+			break;
+		case PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE:
+		case PGRES_FATAL_ERROR:
+		case PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR:
+			PyErr_SetString(ProgrammingError, PQerrorMessage(self->pgcnx->cnx));
+			break;
+		default:
+			PyErr_SetString(InternalError, "internal error: "
+				"unknown result status.");
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/* frees result and returns error */
+	PQclear(self->last_result);
+	self->last_result = NULL;
+	self->result_type = RESULT_EMPTY;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* gets oid status for last query (valid for INSERTs, 0 for other) */
+static char pgsource_oidstatus__doc__[] =
+"oidstatus() -- return oid of last inserted row (if available).";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_oidstatus(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	Oid			oid;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_source_obj(self, CHECK_RESULT))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if ((args != NULL) && (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "")))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method oidstatus() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* retrieves oid status */
+	if ((oid = PQoidValue(self->last_result)) == InvalidOid)
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		return Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return PyInt_FromLong(oid);
+}
+
+/* fetches rows from last result */
+static char pgsource_fetch__doc__[] =
+"fetch(num) -- return the next num rows from the last result in a list. "
+"If num parameter is omitted arraysize attribute value is used. "
+"If size equals -1, all rows are fetched.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_fetch(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	PyObject   *rowtuple,
+			   *reslist,
+			   *str;
+	int			i,
+				j;
+	long		size;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_source_obj(self, CHECK_RESULT | CHECK_DQL))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	size = self->arraysize;
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|l", &size))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"fetch(num), with num (integer, optional).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* seeks last line */
+	/* limit size to be within the amount of data we actually have */
+	if (size == -1 || (self->max_row - self->current_row) < size)
+		size = self->max_row - self->current_row;
+
+	/* allocate list for result */
+	if ((reslist = PyList_New(0)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* builds result */
+	for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+	{
+		if ((rowtuple = PyTuple_New(self->num_fields)) == NULL)
+		{
+			Py_DECREF(reslist);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		for (j = 0; j < self->num_fields; j++)
+		{
+			if (PQgetisnull(self->last_result, self->current_row, j))
+			{
+				Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+				str = Py_None;
+			}
+			else
+				str = PyString_FromString(PQgetvalue(self->last_result, self->current_row, j));
+
+			PyTuple_SET_ITEM(rowtuple, j, str);
+		}
+
+		PyList_Append(reslist, rowtuple);
+		Py_DECREF(rowtuple);
+		self->current_row++;
+	}
+
+	return reslist;
+}
+
+/* changes current row (internal wrapper for all "move" methods) */
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_move(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args, int move)
+{
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_source_obj(self, CHECK_RESULT | CHECK_DQL))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		char		errbuf[256];
+		PyOS_snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+			"method %s() takes no parameter.", __movename[move]);
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, errbuf);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* changes the current row */
+	switch (move)
+	{
+		case QUERY_MOVEFIRST:
+			self->current_row = 0;
+			break;
+		case QUERY_MOVELAST:
+			self->current_row = self->max_row - 1;
+			break;
+		case QUERY_MOVENEXT:
+			if (self->current_row != self->max_row)
+				self->current_row++;
+			break;
+		case QUERY_MOVEPREV:
+			if (self->current_row > 0)
+				self->current_row--;
+			break;
+	}
+
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* move to first result row */
+static char pgsource_movefirst__doc__[] =
+"movefirst() -- move to first result row.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_movefirst(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	return pgsource_move(self, args, QUERY_MOVEFIRST);
+}
+
+/* move to last result row */
+static char pgsource_movelast__doc__[] =
+"movelast() -- move to last valid result row.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_movelast(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	return pgsource_move(self, args, QUERY_MOVELAST);
+}
+
+/* move to next result row */
+static char pgsource_movenext__doc__[] =
+"movenext() -- move to next result row.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_movenext(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	return pgsource_move(self, args, QUERY_MOVENEXT);
+}
+
+/* move to previous result row */
+static char pgsource_moveprev__doc__[] =
+"moveprev() -- move to previous result row.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_moveprev(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	return pgsource_move(self, args, QUERY_MOVEPREV);
+}
+
+/* finds field number from string/integer (internal use only) */
+static int
+pgsource_fieldindex(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * param, const char *usage)
+{
+	int			num;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_source_obj(self, CHECK_RESULT | CHECK_DQL))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* gets field number */
+	if (PyString_Check(param))
+		num = PQfnumber(self->last_result, PyString_AsString(param));
+	else if (PyInt_Check(param))
+		num = PyInt_AsLong(param);
+	else
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, usage);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* checks field validity */
+	if (num < 0 || num >= self->num_fields)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Unknown field.");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return num;
+}
+
+/* builds field information from position (internal use only) */
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_buildinfo(pgsourceobject * self, int num)
+{
+	PyObject *result;
+
+	/* allocates tuple */
+	result = PyTuple_New(3);
+	if (!result)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* affects field information */
+	PyTuple_SET_ITEM(result, 0, PyInt_FromLong(num));
+	PyTuple_SET_ITEM(result, 1,
+		PyString_FromString(PQfname(self->last_result, num)));
+	PyTuple_SET_ITEM(result, 2,
+		PyInt_FromLong(PQftype(self->last_result, num)));
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* lists fields info */
+static char pgsource_listinfo__doc__[] =
+"listinfo() -- return information for all fields "
+"(position, name, type oid).";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_listinfo(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			i;
+	PyObject   *result,
+			   *info;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_source_obj(self, CHECK_RESULT | CHECK_DQL))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method listinfo() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* builds result */
+	if ((result = PyTuple_New(self->num_fields)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < self->num_fields; i++)
+	{
+		info = pgsource_buildinfo(self, i);
+		if (!info)
+		{
+			Py_DECREF(result);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		PyTuple_SET_ITEM(result, i, info);
+	}
+
+	/* returns result */
+	return result;
+};
+
+/* list fields information for last result */
+static char pgsource_fieldinfo__doc__[] =
+"fieldinfo(string|integer) -- return specified field information "
+"(position, name, type oid).";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_fieldinfo(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	static const char short_usage[] =
+	"fieldinfo(desc), with desc (string|integer).";
+	int			num;
+	PyObject   *param;
+
+	/* gets args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &param))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, short_usage);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args and validity */
+	if ((num = pgsource_fieldindex(self, param, short_usage)) == -1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* returns result */
+	return pgsource_buildinfo(self, num);
+};
+
+/* retrieve field value */
+static char pgsource_field__doc__[] =
+"field(string|integer) -- return specified field value.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_field(pgsourceobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	static const char short_usage[] =
+	"field(desc), with desc (string|integer).";
+	int			num;
+	PyObject   *param;
+
+	/* gets args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &param))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, short_usage);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args and validity */
+	if ((num = pgsource_fieldindex(self, param, short_usage)) == -1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return PyString_FromString(PQgetvalue(self->last_result,
+									self->current_row, num));
+}
+
+/* query object methods */
+static PyMethodDef pgsource_methods[] = {
+	{"close", (PyCFunction) pgsource_close, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_close__doc__},
+	{"execute", (PyCFunction) pgsource_execute, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_execute__doc__},
+	{"oidstatus", (PyCFunction) pgsource_oidstatus, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_oidstatus__doc__},
+	{"fetch", (PyCFunction) pgsource_fetch, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_fetch__doc__},
+	{"movefirst", (PyCFunction) pgsource_movefirst, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_movefirst__doc__},
+	{"movelast", (PyCFunction) pgsource_movelast, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_movelast__doc__},
+	{"movenext", (PyCFunction) pgsource_movenext, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_movenext__doc__},
+	{"moveprev", (PyCFunction) pgsource_moveprev, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_moveprev__doc__},
+	{"field", (PyCFunction) pgsource_field, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_field__doc__},
+	{"fieldinfo", (PyCFunction) pgsource_fieldinfo, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_fieldinfo__doc__},
+	{"listinfo", (PyCFunction) pgsource_listinfo, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgsource_listinfo__doc__},
+	{NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+/* gets query object attributes */
+static PyObject *
+pgsource_getattr(pgsourceobject * self, char *name)
+{
+	/* pg connection object */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "pgcnx"))
+	{
+		if (check_source_obj(self, 0))
+		{
+			Py_INCREF(self->pgcnx);
+			return (PyObject *) (self->pgcnx);
+		}
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		return Py_None;
+	}
+
+	/* arraysize */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "arraysize"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(self->arraysize);
+
+	/* resulttype */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "resulttype"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(self->result_type);
+
+	/* ntuples */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "ntuples"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(self->max_row);
+
+	/* nfields */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "nfields"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(self->num_fields);
+
+	/* attributes list */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__members__"))
+	{
+		PyObject *list = PyList_New(5);
+
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 0, PyString_FromString("pgcnx"));
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 1, PyString_FromString("arraysize"));
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 2, PyString_FromString("resulttype"));
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 3, PyString_FromString("ntuples"));
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 4, PyString_FromString("nfields"));
+
+		return list;
+	}
+
+	/* module name */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__module__"))
+		return PyString_FromString(MODULE_NAME);
+
+	/* class name */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__class__"))
+		return PyString_FromString("pgsource");
+
+	/* seeks name in methods (fallback) */
+	return Py_FindMethod(pgsource_methods, (PyObject *) self, name);
+}
+
+/* sets query object attributes */
+static int
+pgsource_setattr(pgsourceobject * self, char *name, PyObject * v)
+{
+	/* arraysize */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "arraysize"))
+	{
+		if (!PyInt_Check(v))
+		{
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "arraysize must be integer.");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		self->arraysize = PyInt_AsLong(v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* unknown attribute */
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "not a writable attribute.");
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/* prints query object in human readable format */
+
+static int
+pgsource_print(pgsourceobject * self, FILE *fp, int flags)
+{
+	switch (self->result_type)
+	{
+		case RESULT_DQL:
+			print_result(fp, self->last_result);
+			break;
+		case RESULT_DDL:
+		case RESULT_DML:
+			fputs(PQcmdStatus(self->last_result), fp);
+			break;
+		case RESULT_EMPTY:
+		default:
+			fputs("Empty PostgreSQL source object.", fp);
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* query type definition */
+staticforward PyTypeObject PgSourceType = {
+	PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
+
+	0,							/* ob_size */
+	"pgsourceobject",			/* tp_name */
+	sizeof(pgsourceobject),		/* tp_basicsize */
+	0,							/* tp_itemsize */
+	/* methods */
+	(destructor) pgsource_dealloc,		/* tp_dealloc */
+	(printfunc) pgsource_print, /* tp_print */
+	(getattrfunc) pgsource_getattr,		/* tp_getattr */
+	(setattrfunc) pgsource_setattr,		/* tp_setattr */
+	0,							/* tp_compare */
+	0,							/* tp_repr */
+	0,							/* tp_as_number */
+	0,							/* tp_as_sequence */
+	0,							/* tp_as_mapping */
+	0,							/* tp_hash */
+};
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* PG "LARGE" OBJECT IMPLEMENTATION */
+
+#ifdef LARGE_OBJECTS
+
+/* constructor (internal use only) */
+static pglargeobject *
+pglarge_new(pgobject * pgcnx, Oid oid)
+{
+	pglargeobject *npglo;
+
+	if ((npglo = PyObject_NEW(pglargeobject, &PglargeType)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pgcnx);
+	npglo->pgcnx = pgcnx;
+	npglo->lo_fd = -1;
+	npglo->lo_oid = oid;
+
+	return npglo;
+}
+
+/* destructor */
+static void
+pglarge_dealloc(pglargeobject * self)
+{
+	if (self->lo_fd >= 0 && check_cnx_obj(self->pgcnx))
+		lo_close(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd);
+
+	Py_XDECREF(self->pgcnx);
+	PyObject_Del(self);
+}
+
+/* opens large object */
+static char pglarge_open__doc__[] =
+"open(mode) -- open access to large object with specified mode "
+"(INV_READ, INV_WRITE constants defined by module).";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_open(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			mode,
+				fd;
+
+	/* check validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_CLOSE))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &mode))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "open(mode), with mode(integer).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* opens large object */
+	if ((fd = lo_open(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_oid, mode)) < 0)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "can't open large object.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	self->lo_fd = fd;
+
+	/* no error : returns Py_None */
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* close large object */
+static char pglarge_close__doc__[] =
+"close() -- close access to large object data.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_close(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method close() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_OPEN))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* closes large object */
+	if (lo_close(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while closing large object fd.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	self->lo_fd = -1;
+
+	/* no error : returns Py_None */
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* reads from large object */
+static char pglarge_read__doc__[] =
+"read(integer) -- read from large object to sized string. "
+"Object must be opened in read mode before calling this method.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_read(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			size;
+	PyObject   *buffer;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_OPEN))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &size))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "read(size), wih size (integer).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (size <= 0)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "size must be positive.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* allocate buffer and runs read */
+	buffer = PyString_FromStringAndSize((char *) NULL, size);
+
+	if ((size = lo_read(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd, BUF(buffer), size)) < 0)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while reading.");
+		Py_XDECREF(buffer);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* resize buffer and returns it */
+	_PyString_Resize(&buffer, size);
+	return buffer;
+}
+
+/* write to large object */
+static char pglarge_write__doc__[] =
+"write(string) -- write sized string to large object. "
+"Object must be opened in read mode before calling this method.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_write(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *buffer;
+	int			size,
+				bufsize;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_OPEN))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &buffer, &bufsize))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"write(buffer), with buffer (sized string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* sends query */
+	if ((size = lo_write(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd, buffer,
+						 bufsize)) < bufsize)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "buffer truncated during write.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* no error : returns Py_None */
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* go to position in large object */
+static char pglarge_seek__doc__[] =
+"seek(off, whence) -- move to specified position. Object must be opened "
+"before calling this method. whence can be SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR or SEEK_END, "
+"constants defined by module.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_lseek(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* offset and whence are initialized to keep compiler happy */
+	int			ret,
+				offset = 0,
+				whence = 0;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_OPEN))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii", &offset, &whence))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"lseek(offset, whence), with offset and whence (integers).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* sends query */
+	if ((ret = lo_lseek(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd, offset, whence)) == -1)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while moving cursor.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* returns position */
+	return PyInt_FromLong(ret);
+}
+
+/* gets large object size */
+static char pglarge_size__doc__[] =
+"size() -- return large object size. "
+"Object must be opened before calling this method.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_size(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			start,
+				end;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method size() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_OPEN))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets current position */
+	if ((start = lo_tell(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd)) == -1)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while getting current position.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* gets end position */
+	if ((end = lo_lseek(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd, 0, SEEK_END)) == -1)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while getting end position.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* move back to start position */
+	if ((start = lo_lseek(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd, start, SEEK_SET)) == -1)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError,
+			"error while moving back to first position.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* returns size */
+	return PyInt_FromLong(end);
+}
+
+/* gets large object cursor position */
+static char pglarge_tell__doc__[] =
+"tell() -- give current position in large object. "
+"Object must be opened before calling this method.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_tell(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			start;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method tell() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_OPEN))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets current position */
+	if ((start = lo_tell(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_fd)) == -1)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while getting position.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* returns size */
+	return PyInt_FromLong(start);
+}
+
+/* exports large object as unix file */
+static char pglarge_export__doc__[] =
+"export(string) -- export large object data to specified file. "
+"Object must be closed when calling this method.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_export(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char *name;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_CLOSE))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &name))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"export(filename), with filename (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* runs command */
+	if (!lo_export(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_oid, name))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while exporting large object.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* deletes a large object */
+static char pglarge_unlink__doc__[] =
+"unlink() -- destroy large object. "
+"Object must be closed when calling this method.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_unlink(pglargeobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method unlink() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_lo_obj(self, CHECK_CLOSE))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* deletes the object, invalidate it on success */
+	if (!lo_unlink(self->pgcnx->cnx, self->lo_oid))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, "error while unlinking large object");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	self->lo_oid = 0;
+
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* large object methods */
+static struct PyMethodDef pglarge_methods[] = {
+	{"open", (PyCFunction) pglarge_open, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_open__doc__},
+	{"close", (PyCFunction) pglarge_close, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_close__doc__},
+	{"read", (PyCFunction) pglarge_read, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_read__doc__},
+	{"write", (PyCFunction) pglarge_write, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_write__doc__},
+	{"seek", (PyCFunction) pglarge_lseek, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_seek__doc__},
+	{"size", (PyCFunction) pglarge_size, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_size__doc__},
+	{"tell", (PyCFunction) pglarge_tell, METH_VARARGS, pglarge_tell__doc__},
+	{"export",(PyCFunction) pglarge_export,METH_VARARGS,pglarge_export__doc__},
+	{"unlink",(PyCFunction) pglarge_unlink,METH_VARARGS,pglarge_unlink__doc__},
+	{NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+/* get attribute */
+static PyObject *
+pglarge_getattr(pglargeobject * self, char *name)
+{
+	/* list postgreSQL large object fields */
+
+	/* associated pg connection object */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "pgcnx"))
+	{
+		if (check_lo_obj(self, 0))
+		{
+			Py_INCREF(self->pgcnx);
+			return (PyObject *) (self->pgcnx);
+		}
+
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		return Py_None;
+	}
+
+	/* large object oid */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "oid"))
+	{
+		if (check_lo_obj(self, 0))
+			return PyInt_FromLong(self->lo_oid);
+
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		return Py_None;
+	}
+
+	/* error (status) message */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "error"))
+		return PyString_FromString(PQerrorMessage(self->pgcnx->cnx));
+
+	/* attributes list */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__members__"))
+	{
+		PyObject *list = PyList_New(3);
+
+		if (list)
+		{
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 0, PyString_FromString("oid"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 1, PyString_FromString("pgcnx"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 2, PyString_FromString("error"));
+		}
+
+		return list;
+	}
+
+	/* module name */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__module__"))
+		return PyString_FromString(MODULE_NAME);
+
+	/* class name */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__class__"))
+		return PyString_FromString("pglarge");
+
+	/* seeks name in methods (fallback) */
+	return Py_FindMethod(pglarge_methods, (PyObject *) self, name);
+}
+
+/* prints query object in human readable format */
+static int
+pglarge_print(pglargeobject * self, FILE *fp, int flags)
+{
+	char		print_buffer[128];
+	PyOS_snprintf(print_buffer, sizeof(print_buffer),
+		self->lo_fd >= 0 ?
+			"Opened large object, oid %ld" :
+			"Closed large object, oid %ld", (long) self->lo_oid);
+	fputs(print_buffer, fp);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* object type definition */
+staticforward PyTypeObject PglargeType = {
+	PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
+	0,							/* ob_size */
+	"pglarge",					/* tp_name */
+	sizeof(pglargeobject),		/* tp_basicsize */
+	0,							/* tp_itemsize */
+
+	/* methods */
+	(destructor) pglarge_dealloc,		/* tp_dealloc */
+	(printfunc) pglarge_print,	/* tp_print */
+	(getattrfunc) pglarge_getattr,		/* tp_getattr */
+	0,							/* tp_setattr */
+	0,							/* tp_compare */
+	0,							/* tp_repr */
+	0,							/* tp_as_number */
+	0,							/* tp_as_sequence */
+	0,							/* tp_as_mapping */
+	0,							/* tp_hash */
+};
+#endif /* LARGE_OBJECTS */
+
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* PG QUERY OBJECT IMPLEMENTATION */
+
+/* connects to a database */
+static char connect__doc__[] =
+"connect(dbname, host, port, opt, tty) -- connect to a PostgreSQL database "
+"using specified parameters (optionals, keywords aware).";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgconnect(pgobject * self, PyObject * args, PyObject * dict)
+{
+	static const char *kwlist[] = {"dbname", "host", "port", "opt",
+	"tty", "user", "passwd", NULL};
+
+	char	   *pghost,
+			   *pgopt,
+			   *pgtty,
+			   *pgdbname,
+			   *pguser,
+			   *pgpasswd;
+	int			pgport;
+	char		port_buffer[20];
+	pgobject   *npgobj;
+
+	pghost = pgopt = pgtty = pgdbname = pguser = pgpasswd = NULL;
+	pgport = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * parses standard arguments With the right compiler warnings, this
+	 * will issue a diagnostic. There is really no way around it.  If I
+	 * don't declare kwlist as const char *kwlist[] then it complains when
+	 * I try to assign all those constant strings to it.
+	 */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, dict, "|zzizzzz", (char **) kwlist,
+		&pgdbname, &pghost, &pgport, &pgopt, &pgtty, &pguser, &pgpasswd))
+		return NULL;
+
+#ifdef DEFAULT_VARS
+	/* handles defaults variables (for uninitialised vars) */
+	if ((!pghost) && (pg_default_host != Py_None))
+		pghost = PyString_AsString(pg_default_host);
+
+	if ((pgport == -1) && (pg_default_port != Py_None))
+		pgport = PyInt_AsLong(pg_default_port);
+
+	if ((!pgopt) && (pg_default_opt != Py_None))
+		pgopt = PyString_AsString(pg_default_opt);
+
+	if ((!pgtty) && (pg_default_tty != Py_None))
+		pgtty = PyString_AsString(pg_default_tty);
+
+	if ((!pgdbname) && (pg_default_base != Py_None))
+		pgdbname = PyString_AsString(pg_default_base);
+
+	if ((!pguser) && (pg_default_user != Py_None))
+		pguser = PyString_AsString(pg_default_user);
+
+	if ((!pgpasswd) && (pg_default_passwd != Py_None))
+		pgpasswd = PyString_AsString(pg_default_passwd);
+#endif /* DEFAULT_VARS */
+
+	if ((npgobj = (pgobject *) pgobject_New()) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (pgport != -1)
+	{
+		memset(port_buffer, 0, sizeof(port_buffer));
+		sprintf(port_buffer, "%d", pgport);
+	}
+
+#ifdef PQsetdbLoginIsThreadSafe
+	Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+#endif
+	npgobj->cnx = PQsetdbLogin(pghost, pgport == -1 ? NULL : port_buffer,
+		pgopt, pgtty, pgdbname, pguser, pgpasswd);
+#ifdef PQsetdbLoginIsThreadSafe
+	Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+#endif
+
+	if (PQstatus(npgobj->cnx) == CONNECTION_BAD)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(InternalError, PQerrorMessage(npgobj->cnx));
+		Py_XDECREF(npgobj);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+#ifdef HANDLE_NOTICES
+        PQsetNoticeProcessor(npgobj->cnx, notice_processor, npgobj);
+#endif /* HANDLE_NOTICES */
+
+	return (PyObject *) npgobj;
+}
+
+/* pgobject methods */
+
+/* destructor */
+static void
+pg_dealloc(pgobject * self)
+{
+#ifdef HANDLE_NOTICES
+        free(self->notices);
+#endif /* HANDLE_NOTICES */
+	if (self->cnx)
+	{
+		Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+		PQfinish(self->cnx);
+		Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+	}
+	PyObject_Del(self);
+}
+
+/* close without deleting */
+static char pg_close__doc__[] =
+"close() -- close connection. All instances of the connection object and "
+"derived objects (queries and large objects) can no longer be used after "
+"this call.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_close(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* gets args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "close().");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* connection object cannot already be closed */
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(InternalError, "Connection already closed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+	PQfinish(self->cnx);
+	Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+	self->cnx = NULL;
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+static void
+pgquery_dealloc(pgqueryobject * self)
+{
+	if (self->last_result)
+		PQclear(self->last_result);
+
+	PyObject_Del(self);
+}
+
+/* resets connection */
+static char pg_reset__doc__[] =
+"reset() -- reset connection with current parameters. All derived queries "
+"and large objects derived from this connection will not be usable after "
+"this call.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_reset(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method reset() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* resets the connection */
+	PQreset(self->cnx);
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* cancels current command */
+static char pg_cancel__doc__[] =
+"cancel() -- abandon processing of the current command.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_cancel(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method cancel() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* request that the server abandon processing of the current command */
+	return PyInt_FromLong((long) PQrequestCancel(self->cnx));
+}
+
+/* get connection socket */
+static char pg_fileno__doc__[] =
+"fileno() -- return database connection socket file handle.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_fileno(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method fileno() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+#ifdef NO_PQSOCKET
+	return PyInt_FromLong((long) self->cnx->sock);
+#else
+	return PyInt_FromLong((long) PQsocket(self->cnx));
+#endif
+}
+
+/* get number of rows */
+static char pgquery_ntuples__doc__[] =
+"ntuples() -- returns number of tuples returned by query.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_ntuples(pgqueryobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method ntuples() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return PyInt_FromLong((long) PQntuples(self->last_result));
+}
+
+/* list fields names from query result */
+static char pgquery_listfields__doc__[] =
+"listfields() -- Lists field names from result.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_listfields(pgqueryobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			i,
+				n;
+	char	   *name;
+	PyObject   *fieldstuple,
+			   *str;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method listfields() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* builds tuple */
+	n = PQnfields(self->last_result);
+	fieldstuple = PyTuple_New(n);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+	{
+		name = PQfname(self->last_result, i);
+		str = PyString_FromString(name);
+		PyTuple_SET_ITEM(fieldstuple, i, str);
+	}
+
+	return fieldstuple;
+}
+
+/* get field name from last result */
+static char pgquery_fieldname__doc__[] =
+"fieldname() -- returns name of field from result from its position.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_fieldname(pgqueryobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int		i;
+	char   *name;
+
+	/* gets args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &i))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"fieldname(number), with number(integer).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks number validity */
+	if (i >= PQnfields(self->last_result))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "invalid field number.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* gets fields name and builds object */
+	name = PQfname(self->last_result, i);
+	return PyString_FromString(name);
+}
+
+/* gets fields number from name in last result */
+static char pgquery_fieldnum__doc__[] =
+"fieldnum() -- returns position in query for field from its name.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_fieldnum(pgqueryobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int		num;
+	char   *name;
+
+	/* gets args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &name))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "fieldnum(name), with name (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* gets field number */
+	if ((num = PQfnumber(self->last_result, name)) == -1)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Unknown field.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return PyInt_FromLong(num);
+}
+
+/* retrieves last result */
+static char pgquery_getresult__doc__[] =
+"getresult() -- Gets the result of a query.  The result is returned "
+"as a list of rows, each one a list of fields in the order returned "
+"by the server.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_getresult(pgqueryobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	PyObject   *rowtuple,
+			   *reslist,
+			   *val;
+	int			i,
+				j,
+				m,
+				n,
+			   *typ;
+
+	/* checks args (args == NULL for an internal call) */
+	if ((args != NULL) && (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "")))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method getresult() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* stores result in tuple */
+	m = PQntuples(self->last_result);
+	n = PQnfields(self->last_result);
+	reslist = PyList_New(m);
+
+	typ = get_type_array(self->last_result, n);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
+	{
+		if ((rowtuple = PyTuple_New(n)) == NULL)
+		{
+			Py_DECREF(reslist);
+			reslist = NULL;
+			goto exit;
+		}
+
+		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+		{
+			int			k;
+			char	   *s = PQgetvalue(self->last_result, i, j);
+			char		cashbuf[64];
+			PyObject   *tmp_obj;
+
+			if (PQgetisnull(self->last_result, i, j))
+			{
+				Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+				val = Py_None;
+			}
+			else
+				switch (typ[j])
+				{
+					case 1:
+						val = PyInt_FromString(s, NULL, 10);
+						break;
+
+					case 2:
+						val = PyLong_FromString(s, NULL, 10);
+						break;
+
+					case 3:
+						tmp_obj = PyString_FromString(s);
+						val = PyFloat_FromString(tmp_obj, NULL);
+						Py_DECREF(tmp_obj);
+						break;
+
+					case 5:
+						for (k = 0;
+							 *s && k < sizeof(cashbuf) / sizeof(cashbuf[0]) - 1;
+							 s++)
+						{
+							if (isdigit(*s) || *s == '.')
+								cashbuf[k++] = *s;
+							else if (*s == '(' || *s == '-')
+								cashbuf[k++] = '-';
+						}
+						cashbuf[k] = 0;
+						s = cashbuf;
+
+					case 4:
+						if (decimal)
+						{
+							tmp_obj = Py_BuildValue("(s)", s);
+							val = PyEval_CallObject(decimal, tmp_obj);
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							tmp_obj = PyString_FromString(s);
+							val = PyFloat_FromString(tmp_obj, NULL);
+						}
+						Py_DECREF(tmp_obj);
+						break;
+
+					default:
+						val = PyString_FromString(s);
+						break;
+				}
+
+			if (val == NULL)
+			{
+				Py_DECREF(reslist);
+				Py_DECREF(rowtuple);
+				reslist = NULL;
+				goto exit;
+			}
+
+			PyTuple_SET_ITEM(rowtuple, j, val);
+		}
+
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(reslist, i, rowtuple);
+	}
+
+exit:
+	free(typ);
+
+	/* returns list */
+	return reslist;
+}
+
+/* retrieves last result as a list of dictionaries*/
+static char pgquery_dictresult__doc__[] =
+"dictresult() -- Gets the result of a query.  The result is returned "
+"as a list of rows, each one a dictionary with the field names used "
+"as the labels.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_dictresult(pgqueryobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	PyObject   *dict,
+			   *reslist,
+			   *val;
+	int			i,
+				j,
+				m,
+				n,
+			   *typ;
+
+	/* checks args (args == NULL for an internal call) */
+	if ((args != NULL) && (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "")))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method getresult() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* stores result in list */
+	m = PQntuples(self->last_result);
+	n = PQnfields(self->last_result);
+	reslist = PyList_New(m);
+
+	typ = get_type_array(self->last_result, n);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
+	{
+		if ((dict = PyDict_New()) == NULL)
+		{
+			Py_DECREF(reslist);
+			reslist = NULL;
+			goto exit;
+		}
+
+		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+		{
+			int			k;
+			char	   *s = PQgetvalue(self->last_result, i, j);
+			char		cashbuf[64];
+			PyObject   *tmp_obj;
+
+			if (PQgetisnull(self->last_result, i, j))
+			{
+				Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+				val = Py_None;
+			}
+			else
+				switch (typ[j])
+				{
+					case 1:
+						val = PyInt_FromString(s, NULL, 10);
+						break;
+
+					case 2:
+						val = PyLong_FromString(s, NULL, 10);
+						break;
+
+					case 3:
+						tmp_obj = PyString_FromString(s);
+						val = PyFloat_FromString(tmp_obj, NULL);
+						Py_DECREF(tmp_obj);
+						break;
+
+					case 5:
+						for (k = 0;
+							 *s && k < sizeof(cashbuf) / sizeof(cashbuf[0]) - 1;
+							 s++)
+						{
+							if (isdigit(*s) || *s == '.')
+								cashbuf[k++] = *s;
+							else if (*s == '(' || *s == '-')
+								cashbuf[k++] = '-';
+						}
+						cashbuf[k] = 0;
+						s = cashbuf;
+
+					case 4:
+						if (decimal)
+						{
+							tmp_obj = Py_BuildValue("(s)", s);
+							val = PyEval_CallObject(decimal, tmp_obj);
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							tmp_obj = PyString_FromString(s);
+							val = PyFloat_FromString(tmp_obj, NULL);
+						}
+						Py_DECREF(tmp_obj);
+						break;
+
+					default:
+						val = PyString_FromString(s);
+						break;
+				}
+
+			if (val == NULL)
+			{
+				Py_DECREF(dict);
+				Py_DECREF(reslist);
+				reslist = NULL;
+				goto exit;
+			}
+
+			PyDict_SetItemString(dict, PQfname(self->last_result, j), val);
+			Py_DECREF(val);
+		}
+
+		PyList_SET_ITEM(reslist, i, dict);
+	}
+
+exit:
+	free(typ);
+
+	/* returns list */
+	return reslist;
+}
+
+/* gets asynchronous notify */
+static char pg_getnotify__doc__[] =
+"getnotify() -- get database notify for this connection.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_getnotify(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	PGnotify   *notify;
+
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method getnotify() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks for NOTIFY messages */
+	PQconsumeInput(self->cnx);
+
+	if ((notify = PQnotifies(self->cnx)) == NULL)
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		return Py_None;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PyObject   *notify_result,
+				   *temp;
+
+		if ((notify_result = PyTuple_New(2)) == NULL ||
+			(temp = PyString_FromString(notify->relname)) == NULL)
+		{
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		PyTuple_SET_ITEM(notify_result, 0, temp);
+
+		if ((temp = PyInt_FromLong(notify->be_pid)) == NULL)
+		{
+			Py_DECREF(notify_result);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		PyTuple_SET_ITEM(notify_result, 1, temp);
+		PQfreemem(notify);
+		return notify_result;
+	}
+}
+
+/* source creation */
+static char pg_source__doc__[] =
+"source() -- creates a new source object for this connection";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_source(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_cnx_obj(self))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "method source() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* allocate new pg query object */
+	return (PyObject *) pgsource_new(self);
+}
+
+/* database query */
+static char pg_query__doc__[] =
+"query(sql) -- creates a new query object for this connection,"
+" using sql (string) request.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_query(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *query;
+	PGresult   *result;
+	pgqueryobject *npgobj;
+	int			status;
+
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* get query args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &query))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "query(sql), with sql (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* frees previous result */
+	if (self->last_result)
+	{
+		PQclear(self->last_result);
+		self->last_result = NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* gets result */
+	Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+	result = PQexec(self->cnx, query);
+	Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+	/* checks result validity */
+	if (!result)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks result status */
+	if ((status = PQresultStatus(result)) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)
+	{
+		switch (status)
+		{
+			case PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY:
+				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "empty query.");
+				break;
+			case PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE:
+			case PGRES_FATAL_ERROR:
+			case PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR:
+				PyErr_SetString(ProgrammingError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+				break;
+			case PGRES_COMMAND_OK:
+				{						/* INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE */
+					Oid		oid = PQoidValue(result);
+					if (oid == InvalidOid)	/* not a single insert */
+					{
+						char	*ret = PQcmdTuples(result);
+
+						PQclear(result);
+						if (ret[0])		/* return number of rows affected */
+						{
+							return PyString_FromString(ret);
+						}
+						Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+						return Py_None;
+					}
+					/* for a single insert, return the oid */
+					PQclear(result);
+					return PyInt_FromLong(oid);
+				}
+			case PGRES_COPY_OUT:		/* no data will be received */
+			case PGRES_COPY_IN:
+				PQclear(result);
+				Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+				return Py_None;
+			default:
+				PyErr_SetString(InternalError, "internal error: "
+					"unknown result status.");
+				break;
+		}
+
+		PQclear(result);
+		return NULL;			/* error detected on query */
+	}
+
+	if ((npgobj = PyObject_NEW(pgqueryobject, &PgQueryType)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* stores result and returns object */
+	npgobj->last_result = result;
+	return (PyObject *) npgobj;
+}
+
+#ifdef DIRECT_ACCESS
+static char pg_putline__doc__[] =
+"putline() -- sends a line directly to the backend";
+
+/* direct acces function : putline */
+static PyObject *
+pg_putline(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char *line;
+
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* reads args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &line))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "putline(line), with line (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* sends line to backend */
+	if (PQputline(self->cnx, line))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* direct access function : getline */
+static char pg_getline__doc__[] =
+"getline() -- gets a line directly from the backend.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_getline(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char		line[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	PyObject   *str = NULL;		/* GCC */
+
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method getline() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* gets line */
+	switch (PQgetline(self->cnx, line, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE))
+	{
+		case 0:
+			str = PyString_FromString(line);
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError, "buffer overflow");
+			str = NULL;
+			break;
+		case EOF:
+			Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+			str = Py_None;
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return str;
+}
+
+/* direct access function : end copy */
+static char pg_endcopy__doc__[] =
+"endcopy() -- synchronizes client and server";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_endcopy(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method endcopy() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* ends direct copy */
+	if (PQendcopy(self->cnx))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+#endif /* DIRECT_ACCESS */
+
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_print(pgqueryobject * self, FILE *fp, int flags)
+{
+	print_result(fp, self->last_result);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_repr(pgqueryobject * self)
+{
+	return PyString_FromString("<pg query result>");
+}
+
+/* insert table */
+static char pg_inserttable__doc__[] =
+"inserttable(string, list) -- insert list in table. The fields in the "
+"list must be in the same order as in the table.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_inserttable(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	PGresult	*result;
+	char		*table,
+				*buffer,
+				*bufpt;
+	size_t		bufsiz;
+	PyObject	*list,
+				*sublist,
+				*item;
+	PyObject	*(*getitem) (PyObject *, Py_ssize_t);
+	PyObject	*(*getsubitem) (PyObject *, Py_ssize_t);
+	int			i,
+				j,
+				m,
+				n;
+
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "sO:filter", &table, &list))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"inserttable(table, content), with table (string) "
+			"and content (list).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks list type */
+	if (PyTuple_Check(list))
+	{
+		m = PyTuple_Size(list);
+		getitem = PyTuple_GetItem;
+	}
+	else if (PyList_Check(list))
+	{
+		m = PyList_Size(list);
+		getitem = PyList_GetItem;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"second arg must be some kind of array.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* allocate buffer */
+	if (!(buffer = malloc(MAX_BUFFER_SIZE)))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError,
+			"can't allocate insert buffer.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* starts query */
+	sprintf(buffer, "copy %s from stdin", table);
+
+	Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+	result = PQexec(self->cnx, buffer);
+	Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+	if (!result)
+	{
+		free(buffer);
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	PQclear(result);
+
+	n = 0; /* not strictly necessary but avoids warning */
+
+	/* feed table */
+	for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
+	{
+		sublist = getitem(list, i);
+		if (PyTuple_Check(sublist))
+		{
+			j = PyTuple_Size(sublist);
+			getsubitem = PyTuple_GetItem;
+		}
+		else if (PyList_Check(sublist))
+		{
+			j = PyList_Size(sublist);
+			getsubitem = PyList_GetItem;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+				"second arg must contain some kind of arrays.");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		if (i)
+		{
+			if (j != n)
+			{
+				free(buffer);
+				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+					"arrays contained in second arg must have same size.");
+				return NULL;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			n = j; /* never used before this assignment */
+		}
+
+		/* builds insert line */
+		bufpt = buffer;
+		bufsiz = MAX_BUFFER_SIZE - 1;
+
+		for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
+		{
+			if (j)
+			{
+				*bufpt++ = '\t'; --bufsiz;
+			}
+
+			item = getsubitem(sublist, j);
+
+			/* convert item to string and append to buffer */
+			if (item == Py_None)
+			{
+				if (bufsiz > 2)
+				{
+					*bufpt++ = '\\'; *bufpt++ = 'N';
+					bufsiz -= 2;
+				}
+				else
+					bufsiz = 0;
+			}
+			else if (PyString_Check(item))
+			{
+				const char* t = PyString_AS_STRING(item);
+				while (*t && bufsiz)
+				{
+					if (*t == '\\' || *t == '\t' || *t == '\n')
+					{
+						*bufpt++ = '\\'; --bufsiz;
+						if (!bufsiz) break;
+					}
+					*bufpt++ = *t++; --bufsiz;
+				}
+			}
+			else if (PyInt_Check(item) || PyLong_Check(item))
+			{
+				PyObject* s = PyObject_Str(item);
+				const char* t = PyString_AsString(s);
+				while (*t && bufsiz)
+				{
+					*bufpt++ = *t++; --bufsiz;
+				}
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				PyObject* s = PyObject_Repr(item);
+				const char* t = PyString_AsString(s);
+				while (*t && bufsiz)
+				{
+					if (*t == '\\' || *t == '\t' || *t == '\n')
+					{
+						*bufpt++ = '\\'; --bufsiz;
+						if (!bufsiz) break;
+					}
+					*bufpt++ = *t++; --bufsiz;
+				}
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+			}
+
+			if (bufsiz <= 0)
+			{
+				free(buffer);
+				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError,
+					"insert buffer overflow.");
+				return NULL;
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		*bufpt++ = '\n'; *bufpt = '\0';
+
+		/* sends data */
+		if (PQputline(self->cnx, buffer))
+		{
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+			PQendcopy(self->cnx);
+			free(buffer);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* ends query */
+	if (PQputline(self->cnx, "\\.\n"))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+		PQendcopy(self->cnx);
+		free(buffer);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (PQendcopy(self->cnx))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IOError, PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+		free(buffer);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	free(buffer);
+
+	/* no error : returns nothing */
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* get transaction state */
+static char pg_transaction__doc__[] =
+"Returns the current transaction status.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_transaction(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method transaction() takes no parameters.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return PyInt_FromLong(PQtransactionStatus(self->cnx));
+}
+
+/* get parameter setting */
+static char pg_parameter__doc__[] =
+"Looks up a current parameter setting.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_parameter(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	const char *name;
+
+	if (!self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* get query args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &name))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "parameter(name), with name (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	name = PQparameterStatus(self->cnx, name);
+
+	if (name)
+		return PyString_FromString(name);
+
+	/* unknown parameter, return None */
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* escape string */
+static char pg_escape_string__doc__[] =
+"pg_escape_string(str) -- escape a string for use within SQL.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_escape_string(pgobject *self, PyObject *args) {
+	char *from; /* our string argument */
+	char *to=NULL; /* the result */
+	int from_length; /* length of string */
+	int to_length; /* length of result */
+	PyObject *ret; /* string object to return */
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &from, &from_length))
+		return NULL;
+	to_length = 2*from_length + 1;
+	if (to_length < from_length) { /* overflow */
+		to_length = from_length;
+		from_length = (from_length - 1)/2;
+	}
+	to = (char *)malloc(to_length);
+	to_length = (int)PQescapeStringConn(self->cnx,
+		to, from, (size_t)from_length, NULL);
+	ret = Py_BuildValue("s#", to, to_length);
+	if (to)
+		free(to);
+	if (!ret) /* pass on exception */
+		return NULL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* escape bytea */
+static char pg_escape_bytea__doc__[] =
+"pg_escape_bytea(data) -- escape binary data for use within SQL as type bytea.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_escape_bytea(pgobject *self, PyObject *args) {
+	unsigned char *from; /* our string argument */
+	unsigned char *to; /* the result */
+	int from_length; /* length of string */
+	size_t to_length; /* length of result */
+	PyObject *ret; /* string object to return */
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &from, &from_length))
+		return NULL;
+	to = PQescapeByteaConn(self->cnx, from, (int)from_length, &to_length);
+	ret = Py_BuildValue("s", to);
+	if (to)
+		PQfreemem((void *)to);
+	if (!ret) /* pass on exception */
+		return NULL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef LARGE_OBJECTS
+/* creates large object */
+static char pg_locreate__doc__[] =
+"locreate() -- creates a new large object in the database.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_locreate(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			mode;
+	Oid			lo_oid;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_cnx_obj(self))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &mode))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"locreate(mode), with mode (integer).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* creates large object */
+	lo_oid = lo_creat(self->cnx, mode);
+	if (lo_oid == 0)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(OperationalError, "can't create large object.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return (PyObject *) pglarge_new(self, lo_oid);
+}
+
+/* init from already known oid */
+static char pg_getlo__doc__[] =
+"getlo(long) -- create a large object instance for the specified oid.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_getlo(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	int			lo_oid;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_cnx_obj(self))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &lo_oid))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getlo(oid), with oid (integer).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!lo_oid)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "the object oid can't be null.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* creates object */
+	return (PyObject *) pglarge_new(self, lo_oid);
+}
+
+/* import unix file */
+static char pg_loimport__doc__[] =
+"loimport(string) -- create a new large object from specified file.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pg_loimport(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char   *name;
+	Oid		lo_oid;
+
+	/* checks validity */
+	if (!check_cnx_obj(self))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &name))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "loimport(name), with name (string).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* imports file and checks result */
+	lo_oid = lo_import(self->cnx, name);
+	if (lo_oid == 0)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(OperationalError, "can't create large object.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return (PyObject *) pglarge_new(self, lo_oid);
+}
+#endif /* LARGE_OBJECTS */
+
+#ifdef HANDLE_NOTICES
+ 
+/* fetch accumulated backend notices */
+static char pg_notices__doc__[] =
+  "notices() -- returns and clears the list of currently accumulated backend notices for the connection.";
+ 
+static void 
+notice_processor(void * arg, const char * message)
+{
+       
+       pgobject *pgobj = (pgobject *)arg;
+ 
+        /* skip if memory allocation failed */
+        if (pgobj->notices == NULL) 
+         {
+                   return;
+           }
+ 
+         pgobj->notices[pgobj->notices_next] = strdup(message);
+        pgobj->notices_next = (pgobj->notices_next + 1) % MAX_BUFFERED_NOTICES;
+        if (pgobj->notices_next == pgobj->notices_first)
+          {
+                    free(pgobj->notices[pgobj->notices_first]);
+                    pgobj->notices_first = (pgobj->notices_first + 1) % MAX_BUFFERED_NOTICES;
+            }
+ 
+   }
+ 
+static PyObject *
+  pg_notices(pgobject * self, PyObject * args)
+ {
+ 
+         PyObject *reslist,
+                      *str;
+        int      i;
+ 
+         /* allocate list for result */
+         if ((reslist = PyList_New(0)) == NULL)
+                 return NULL;
+ 
+         /* skip if memory allocation failed */
+         if (self->notices == NULL) 
+         {
+                   return reslist;
+           }
+ 
+         /* builds result */
+         while (self->notices_first != self->notices_next)
+         {
+               
+                 if (self->notices[self->notices_first] != NULL) /* skip if memory allocation failed */
+                 {
+                       
+                         str = PyString_FromString(self->notices[self->notices_first]);
+                        PyList_Append(reslist, str);
+                        Py_DECREF(str);
+ 
+                         free(self->notices[self->notices_first]);
+ 
+                 }
+ 
+                 self->notices_first = (self->notices_first + 1) % MAX_BUFFERED_NOTICES;
+ 
+         }
+ 
+         return reslist;
+ 
+  }
+ 
+#endif /* HANDLE_NOTICES */
+
+/* connection object methods */
+static struct PyMethodDef pgobj_methods[] = {
+	{"source", (PyCFunction) pg_source, METH_VARARGS, pg_source__doc__},
+	{"query", (PyCFunction) pg_query, METH_VARARGS, pg_query__doc__},
+	{"reset", (PyCFunction) pg_reset, METH_VARARGS, pg_reset__doc__},
+	{"cancel", (PyCFunction) pg_cancel, METH_VARARGS, pg_cancel__doc__},
+	{"close", (PyCFunction) pg_close, METH_VARARGS, pg_close__doc__},
+	{"fileno", (PyCFunction) pg_fileno, METH_VARARGS, pg_fileno__doc__},
+	{"getnotify", (PyCFunction) pg_getnotify, METH_VARARGS,
+			pg_getnotify__doc__},
+	{"inserttable", (PyCFunction) pg_inserttable, METH_VARARGS,
+			pg_inserttable__doc__},
+	{"transaction", (PyCFunction) pg_transaction, METH_VARARGS,
+			pg_transaction__doc__},
+	{"parameter", (PyCFunction) pg_parameter, METH_VARARGS,
+			pg_parameter__doc__},
+	{"escape_string", (PyCFunction) pg_escape_string, METH_VARARGS,
+			pg_escape_string__doc__},
+	{"escape_bytea", (PyCFunction) pg_escape_bytea, METH_VARARGS,
+			pg_escape_bytea__doc__},
+
+#ifdef DIRECT_ACCESS
+	{"putline", (PyCFunction) pg_putline, 1, pg_putline__doc__},
+	{"getline", (PyCFunction) pg_getline, 1, pg_getline__doc__},
+	{"endcopy", (PyCFunction) pg_endcopy, 1, pg_endcopy__doc__},
+#endif /* DIRECT_ACCESS */
+
+#ifdef LARGE_OBJECTS
+	{"locreate", (PyCFunction) pg_locreate, 1, pg_locreate__doc__},
+	{"getlo", (PyCFunction) pg_getlo, 1, pg_getlo__doc__},
+	{"loimport", (PyCFunction) pg_loimport, 1, pg_loimport__doc__},
+#endif /* LARGE_OBJECTS */
+
+#ifdef HANDLE_NOTICES
+        {"notices", (PyCFunction) pg_notices, 1, pg_notices__doc__},
+#endif /* HANDLE_NOTICES */
+
+	{NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */
+};
+
+/* get attribute */
+static PyObject *
+pg_getattr(pgobject * self, char *name)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Although we could check individually, there are only a few
+	 * attributes that don't require a live connection and unless someone
+	 * has an urgent need, this will have to do
+	 */
+
+	/* first exception - close which returns a different error */
+	if (strcmp(name, "close") && !self->cnx)
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Connection is not valid.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* list postgreSQL connection fields */
+
+	/* postmaster host */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "host"))
+	{
+		char *r = PQhost(self->cnx);
+
+		return r ? PyString_FromString(r) : PyString_FromString("localhost");
+	}
+
+	/* postmaster port */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "port"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(atol(PQport(self->cnx)));
+
+	/* selected database */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "db"))
+		return PyString_FromString(PQdb(self->cnx));
+
+	/* selected options */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "options"))
+		return PyString_FromString(PQoptions(self->cnx));
+
+	/* selected postgres tty */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "tty"))
+		return PyString_FromString(PQtty(self->cnx));
+
+	/* error (status) message */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "error"))
+		return PyString_FromString(PQerrorMessage(self->cnx));
+
+	/* connection status : 1 - OK, 0 - BAD */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "status"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(PQstatus(self->cnx) == CONNECTION_OK ? 1 : 0);
+
+	/* provided user name */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "user"))
+		return PyString_FromString(PQuser(self->cnx));
+
+	/* protocol version */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "protocol_version"))
+		return PyInt_FromLong(PQprotocolVersion(self->cnx));
+
+	/* backend version */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "server_version"))
+#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 80000
+		return PyInt_FromLong(PG_VERSION_NUM);
+#else
+		return PyInt_FromLong(PQserverVersion(self->cnx));
+#endif
+
+	/* attributes list */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "__members__"))
+	{
+		PyObject *list = PyList_New(10);
+
+		if (list)
+		{
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 0, PyString_FromString("host"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 1, PyString_FromString("port"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 2, PyString_FromString("db"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 3, PyString_FromString("options"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 4, PyString_FromString("tty"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 5, PyString_FromString("error"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 6, PyString_FromString("status"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 7, PyString_FromString("user"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 8, PyString_FromString("protocol_version"));
+			PyList_SET_ITEM(list, 9, PyString_FromString("server_version"));
+		}
+
+		return list;
+	}
+
+	return Py_FindMethod(pgobj_methods, (PyObject *) self, name);
+}
+
+/* object type definition */
+staticforward PyTypeObject PgType = {
+	PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
+	0,							/* ob_size */
+	"pgobject",					/* tp_name */
+	sizeof(pgobject),			/* tp_basicsize */
+	0,							/* tp_itemsize */
+	/* methods */
+	(destructor) pg_dealloc,	/* tp_dealloc */
+	0,							/* tp_print */
+	(getattrfunc) pg_getattr,	/* tp_getattr */
+	0,							/* tp_setattr */
+	0,							/* tp_compare */
+	0,							/* tp_repr */
+	0,							/* tp_as_number */
+	0,							/* tp_as_sequence */
+	0,							/* tp_as_mapping */
+	0,							/* tp_hash */
+};
+
+
+/* query object methods */
+static struct PyMethodDef pgquery_methods[] = {
+	{"getresult", (PyCFunction) pgquery_getresult, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgquery_getresult__doc__},
+	{"dictresult", (PyCFunction) pgquery_dictresult, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgquery_dictresult__doc__},
+	{"fieldname", (PyCFunction) pgquery_fieldname, METH_VARARGS,
+			 pgquery_fieldname__doc__},
+	{"fieldnum", (PyCFunction) pgquery_fieldnum, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgquery_fieldnum__doc__},
+	{"listfields", (PyCFunction) pgquery_listfields, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgquery_listfields__doc__},
+	{"ntuples", (PyCFunction) pgquery_ntuples, METH_VARARGS,
+			pgquery_ntuples__doc__},
+	{NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+/* gets query object attributes */
+static PyObject *
+pgquery_getattr(pgqueryobject * self, char *name)
+{
+	/* list postgreSQL connection fields */
+	return Py_FindMethod(pgquery_methods, (PyObject *) self, name);
+}
+
+/* query type definition */
+staticforward PyTypeObject PgQueryType = {
+	PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
+	0,							/* ob_size */
+	"pgqueryobject",			/* tp_name */
+	sizeof(pgqueryobject),		/* tp_basicsize */
+	0,							/* tp_itemsize */
+	/* methods */
+	(destructor) pgquery_dealloc,		/* tp_dealloc */
+	(printfunc) pgquery_print,	/* tp_print */
+	(getattrfunc) pgquery_getattr,		/* tp_getattr */
+	0,							/* tp_setattr */
+	0,							/* tp_compare */
+	(reprfunc) pgquery_repr,	/* tp_repr */
+	0,							/* tp_as_number */
+	0,							/* tp_as_sequence */
+	0,							/* tp_as_mapping */
+	0,							/* tp_hash */
+};
+
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* MODULE FUNCTIONS */
+
+/* escape string */
+static char escape_string__doc__[] =
+"escape_string(str) -- escape a string for use within SQL.";
+
+static PyObject *
+escape_string(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
+	char *from; /* our string argument */
+	char *to=NULL; /* the result */
+	int from_length; /* length of string */
+	int to_length; /* length of result */
+	PyObject *ret; /* string object to return */
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &from, &from_length))
+		return NULL;
+	to_length = 2*from_length + 1;
+	if (to_length < from_length) { /* overflow */
+		to_length = from_length;
+		from_length = (from_length - 1)/2;
+	}
+	to = (char *)malloc(to_length);
+	to_length = (int)PQescapeString(to, from, (size_t)from_length);
+	ret = Py_BuildValue("s#", to, to_length);
+	if (to)
+		free(to);
+	if (!ret) /* pass on exception */
+		return NULL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* escape bytea */
+static char escape_bytea__doc__[] =
+"escape_bytea(data) -- escape binary data for use within SQL as type bytea.";
+
+static PyObject *
+escape_bytea(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
+	unsigned char *from; /* our string argument */
+	unsigned char *to; /* the result */
+	int from_length; /* length of string */
+	size_t to_length; /* length of result */
+	PyObject *ret; /* string object to return */
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &from, &from_length))
+		return NULL;
+	to = PQescapeBytea(from, (int)from_length, &to_length);
+	ret = Py_BuildValue("s", to);
+	if (to)
+		PQfreemem((void *)to);
+	if (!ret) /* pass on exception */
+		return NULL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* unescape bytea */
+static char unescape_bytea__doc__[] =
+"unescape_bytea(str) -- unescape bytea data that has been retrieved as text.";
+
+static PyObject
+*unescape_bytea(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
+	unsigned char *from; /* our string argument */
+	unsigned char *to; /* the result */
+	size_t to_length; /* length of result string */
+	PyObject *ret; /* string object to return */
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &from))
+		return NULL;
+	to = PQunescapeBytea(from, &to_length);
+	ret = Py_BuildValue("s#", to, (int)to_length);
+	if (to)
+		PQfreemem((void *)to);
+	if (!ret) /* pass on exception */
+		return NULL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* set decimal */
+static char set_decimal__doc__[] =
+"set_decimal(cls) -- set a decimal type to be used for numeric values.";
+
+static PyObject *
+set_decimal(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	PyObject *ret = NULL;
+	PyObject *cls;
+
+	if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &cls))
+	{
+		if (cls == Py_None)
+		{
+			Py_XDECREF(decimal); decimal = NULL;
+			Py_INCREF(Py_None); ret = Py_None;
+		}
+		else if (PyCallable_Check(cls))
+		{
+			Py_XINCREF(cls); Py_XDECREF(decimal); decimal = cls;
+			Py_INCREF(Py_None); ret = Py_None;
+		}
+		else
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "decimal type must be None or callable");
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef DEFAULT_VARS
+
+/* gets default host */
+static char getdefhost__doc__[] =
+"get_defhost() -- return default database host.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pggetdefhost(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method get_defhost() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pg_default_host);
+	return pg_default_host;
+}
+
+/* sets default host */
+static char setdefhost__doc__[] =
+"set_defhost(string) -- set default database host. Return previous value.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdefhost(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *temp = NULL;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z", &temp))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"set_defhost(name), with name (string/None).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_host;
+
+	if (temp)
+		pg_default_host = PyString_FromString(temp);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_host = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return old;
+}
+
+/* gets default base */
+static char getdefbase__doc__[] =
+"get_defbase() -- return default database name.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pggetdefbase(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method get_defbase() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pg_default_base);
+	return pg_default_base;
+}
+
+/* sets default base */
+static char setdefbase__doc__[] =
+"set_defbase(string) -- set default database name. Return previous value";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdefbase(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *temp = NULL;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z", &temp))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"set_defbase(name), with name (string/None).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_base;
+
+	if (temp)
+		pg_default_base = PyString_FromString(temp);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_base = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return old;
+}
+
+/* gets default options */
+static char getdefopt__doc__[] =
+"get_defopt() -- return default database options.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pggetdefopt(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method get_defopt() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pg_default_opt);
+	return pg_default_opt;
+}
+
+/* sets default opt */
+static char setdefopt__doc__[] =
+"set_defopt(string) -- set default database options. Return previous value.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdefopt(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *temp = NULL;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z", &temp))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"set_defopt(name), with name (string/None).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_opt;
+
+	if (temp)
+		pg_default_opt = PyString_FromString(temp);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_opt = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return old;
+}
+
+/* gets default tty */
+static char getdeftty__doc__[] =
+"get_deftty() -- return default database debug terminal.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pggetdeftty(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method get_deftty() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pg_default_tty);
+	return pg_default_tty;
+}
+
+/* sets default tty */
+static char setdeftty__doc__[] =
+"set_deftty(string) -- set default database debug terminal. "
+"Return previous value.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdeftty(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *temp = NULL;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z", &temp))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"set_deftty(name), with name (string/None).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_tty;
+
+	if (temp)
+		pg_default_tty = PyString_FromString(temp);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_tty = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return old;
+}
+
+/* gets default username */
+static char getdefuser__doc__[] =
+"get_defuser() -- return default database username.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pggetdefuser(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method get_defuser() takes no parameter.");
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pg_default_user);
+	return pg_default_user;
+}
+
+/* sets default username */
+static char setdefuser__doc__[] =
+"set_defuser() -- set default database username. Return previous value.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdefuser(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *temp = NULL;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z", &temp))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"set_defuser(name), with name (string/None).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_user;
+
+	if (temp)
+		pg_default_user = PyString_FromString(temp);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_user = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return old;
+}
+
+/* sets default password */
+static char setdefpasswd__doc__[] =
+"set_defpasswd() -- set default database password.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdefpasswd(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	char	   *temp = NULL;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z", &temp))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"set_defpasswd(password), with password (string/None).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_passwd;
+
+	if (temp)
+		pg_default_passwd = PyString_FromString(temp);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_passwd = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+	return Py_None;
+}
+
+/* gets default port */
+static char getdefport__doc__[] =
+"get_defport() -- return default database port.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pggetdefport(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	/* checks args */
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ""))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+			"method get_defport() takes no parameter.");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	Py_XINCREF(pg_default_port);
+	return pg_default_port;
+}
+
+/* sets default port */
+static char setdefport__doc__[] =
+"set_defport(integer) -- set default database port. Return previous value.";
+
+static PyObject *
+pgsetdefport(PyObject * self, PyObject * args)
+{
+	long int	port = -2;
+	PyObject   *old;
+
+	/* gets arguments */
+	if ((!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "l", &port)) || (port < -1))
+	{
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "set_defport(port), with port "
+			"(positive integer/-1).");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* adjusts value */
+	old = pg_default_port;
+
+	if (port != -1)
+		pg_default_port = PyInt_FromLong(port);
+	else
+	{
+		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+		pg_default_port = Py_None;
+	}
+
+	return old;
+}
+#endif /* DEFAULT_VARS */
+
+/* List of functions defined in the module */
+
+static struct PyMethodDef pg_methods[] = {
+	{"connect", (PyCFunction) pgconnect, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS,
+			connect__doc__},
+	{"escape_string", (PyCFunction) escape_string, METH_VARARGS,
+			escape_string__doc__},
+	{"escape_bytea", (PyCFunction) escape_bytea, METH_VARARGS,
+			escape_bytea__doc__},
+	{"unescape_bytea", (PyCFunction) unescape_bytea, METH_VARARGS,
+			unescape_bytea__doc__},
+	{"set_decimal", (PyCFunction) set_decimal, METH_VARARGS,
+			set_decimal__doc__},
+
+#ifdef DEFAULT_VARS
+	{"get_defhost", pggetdefhost, METH_VARARGS, getdefhost__doc__},
+	{"set_defhost", pgsetdefhost, METH_VARARGS, setdefhost__doc__},
+	{"get_defbase", pggetdefbase, METH_VARARGS, getdefbase__doc__},
+	{"set_defbase", pgsetdefbase, METH_VARARGS, setdefbase__doc__},
+	{"get_defopt", pggetdefopt, METH_VARARGS, getdefopt__doc__},
+	{"set_defopt", pgsetdefopt, METH_VARARGS, setdefopt__doc__},
+	{"get_deftty", pggetdeftty, METH_VARARGS, getdeftty__doc__},
+	{"set_deftty", pgsetdeftty, METH_VARARGS, setdeftty__doc__},
+	{"get_defport", pggetdefport, METH_VARARGS, getdefport__doc__},
+	{"set_defport", pgsetdefport, METH_VARARGS, setdefport__doc__},
+	{"get_defuser", pggetdefuser, METH_VARARGS, getdefuser__doc__},
+	{"set_defuser", pgsetdefuser, METH_VARARGS, setdefuser__doc__},
+	{"set_defpasswd", pgsetdefpasswd, METH_VARARGS, setdefpasswd__doc__},
+#endif /* DEFAULT_VARS */
+	{NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */
+};
+
+static char pg__doc__[] = "Python interface to PostgreSQL DB";
+
+/* Initialization function for the module */
+DL_EXPORT(void)
+init_pg(void)
+{
+	PyObject   *mod,
+			   *dict,
+			   *v;
+
+	/* Initialize here because some WIN platforms get confused otherwise */
+	PglargeType.ob_type = PgType.ob_type = PgQueryType.ob_type =
+		PgSourceType.ob_type = &PyType_Type;
+
+	/* Create the module and add the functions */
+	

<TRUNCATED>