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Posted to notifications@ant.apache.org by hi...@apache.org on 2014/12/26 17:13:31 UTC
svn commit: r1647991 [11/12] - in /ant/site/ivy/production/history/2.4.0:
configuration/ configuration/caches/ configuration/macrodef/
configuration/namespace/ tutorial/ tutorial/build-repository/
Added: ant/site/ivy/production/history/2.4.0/tutorial/dual.html
URL: http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/ant/site/ivy/production/history/2.4.0/tutorial/dual.html?rev=1647991&view=auto
==============================================================================
--- ant/site/ivy/production/history/2.4.0/tutorial/dual.html (added)
+++ ant/site/ivy/production/history/2.4.0/tutorial/dual.html Fri Dec 26 16:13:30 2014
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+
+ <h1 class="title">Dual Resolver</h1>
+ <br class="xooki-br"/>In some cases, your module descriptions (i.e. Ivy files, maven poms) are located separately from the module artifacts (i.e. jars). So what can you do about it?<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Use a Dual resolver! And this tutorial will show you how.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>project description</h1>
+Let's have a look at the <tt>src/example/dual</tt> directory in your Ivy distribution.<br class="xooki-br"/>It contains a build file and 3 directories:
+<ul>
+<li>settings: contains the ivy settings file</li>
+<li>repository: a sample repository of ivy files</li>
+<li>project: the project making use of Ivy with dual resolver</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h2>the dual project</h2>
+The project is very simple and contains only one simple class: <tt>example.Hello</tt>
+It depends on two libraries: Apache commons-lang and Apache commons-httpclient.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Here is the content of the project:
+<ul>
+ <li>build.xml: the ant build file for the project</li>
+ <li>ivy.xml: the ivy project file</li>
+ <li>src\example\Hello.java: the only class of the project</li>
+</ul>
+
+Let's have a look at the <tt>ivy.xml</tt> file:
+<pre>
+<ivy-module version="1.0"><br class="xooki-br"/> <info organisation="org.apache" module="hello-ivy"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency org="commons-httpclient" name="commons-httpclient" rev="2.0.2"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency org="commons-lang" name="commons-lang" rev="2.0"/><br class="xooki-br"/> </dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/></ivy-module>
+</pre>
+
+As you can see, nothing special here... Indeed, Ivy's philosophy is to keep ivy files independent of the way dependencies are resolved.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h2>the <b>ivy</b> settings</h2>
+The ivy settings are defined in the <tt>ivysettings.xml</tt> file located in the <tt>settings</tt> directory. Here is what it contains, followed by an explanation.<br class="xooki-br"/>
+<pre>
+<ivysettings><br class="xooki-br"/> <settings defaultResolver="dual-example"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <resolvers><br class="xooki-br"/> <dual name="dual-example"><br class="xooki-br"/> <filesystem name="ivys"><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy pattern="${ivy.settings.dir}/../repository/[module]-ivy-[revision].xml" /><br class="xooki-br"/> </filesystem><br class="xooki-br"/> <ibiblio name="ibiblio" m2compatible="true" usepoms="false" /><br class="xooki-br"/> </dual><br class="xooki-br"/> </resolvers><br class="xooki-br"/></ivysettings>
+</pre>
+
+Here we configured one resolver, the default one, which is a dual resolver. This dual resolver has two sub resolvers: the first is what is called the "ivy" or "metadata" resolver of the dual resolver, and the second one is what is called the "artifact" resolver. It is important that the dual resolver has exactly two sub resolvers in this given order.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>The metadata resolver, here a filesystem one, is used only to find module descriptors, in this case Ivy files. The setting shown here tells Ivy that all ivy files are in the <tt>repository</tt> directory, named with the pattern: <tt>[module]-ivy-[revision].xml</tt>. If we check the <tt>repository</tt> directory, we can confirm that it contains a file named <tt>commons-httpclient-ivy-2.0.2.xml</tt>. This file matches the pattern, so it will be found by the resolver.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>The artifact resolver is simply an ibiblio one, configured in m2compatible mode to use t
he maven 2 repository, with <tt>usepoms="false"</tt> to make sure it won't use maven 2 metadata. Note that this isn't necessary, since the second resolver in a dual resolver (the artifact resolver) is never asked to find module metadata.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>walkthrough</h1>
+<div class="step">
+<h2>step 1 : preparation</h2>
+Open a DOS or shell window, and go to the <tt>dual</tt> directory.
+</div>
+<div class="step">
+<h2>step 2 : clean up</h2>
+On the prompt type : <tt>ant</tt><br>
+This will clean up the entire project directory tree (compiled classes and retrieved libs) and the Ivy cache. You can run this each time you want to clean up this example.
+</div>
+<div class="step">
+<h2>step 3 : run the project</h2>
+Go to the project directory. And simply run <tt>ant</tt>.
+<div class="shell"><pre>
+
+</pre></div></div>
+<br/>
+As you can see, Ivy not only downloaded commons-lang and commons-httpclient, but also commons-logging. Indeed, commons-logging is a dependency of httpclient, as we can see in the httpclient ivy file found in the <tt>repository</tt> directory:
+<pre>
+<ivy-module version="1.0"><br class="xooki-br"/> <info <br class="xooki-br"/> organisation="commons-httpclient"<br class="xooki-br"/> module="commons-httpclient"<br class="xooki-br"/> revision="2.0.2"<br class="xooki-br"/> status="release"<br class="xooki-br"/> publication="20041010174300"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency org="commons-logging" name="commons-logging" rev="1.0.4" conf="default"/><br class="xooki-br"/> </dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/></ivy-module>
+</pre>
+<br/>
+So everything seemed to work. The ivy file was found in the <tt>repository</tt> directory and the artifacts have been downloaded from ibiblio. <br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>This kind of setup can be useful if you don't want to rely on the maven 2 repository for metadata, or if you want to take full advantage of Ivy files for some or all modules. Combining chain and dual resolvers should give you enough flexibility to meet almost any requirement.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>For full details about the dual resolver, have a look at the corresponding <a href="../resolver/dual.html">reference documentation</a>.<br class="xooki-br"/>
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+ <div id="main">
+
+ <h1 class="title">Multiple Resolvers</h1>
+ <br class="xooki-br"/>This tutorial is an example of how modules can be retrieved by multiple resolvers. Using multiple resolvers can be useful in many contexts. For example:
+<ul>
+<li>separating integration builds from releases</li>
+<li>using a public repository for third party modules and a private one for internal modules</li>
+<li>use a repository for storing modules which are not accurate in an unmanaged public repository</li>
+<li>use a local repository to expose builds made on one developer's station</li>
+</ul>
+
+In Ivy, the use of multiple resolvers is supported by a compound resolver called the chain resolver.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>In our example, we will simply show you how to use two resolvers, one on a local repository and one using the maven2 repository.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>project description</h1>
+<h2>the project: chained-resolvers</h2>
+The project is very simple and contains only one simple class: example.Hello.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>It depends on two libraries: Apache's commons-lang and a custom library named test (sources are included in test-1.0jar file). The test library is used by the project to uppercase a string, and commons-lang is used to capitalize the same string.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Here is the content of the project:
+<ul>
+ <li>build.xml: the ant build file for the project</li>
+ <li>ivy.xml: the Ivy project file</li>
+ <li>src\example\Hello.java: the only class of the project</li>
+</ul>
+Let's have a look at the <b>ivy.xml</b> file:
+<pre>
+<ivy-module version="1.0"><br class="xooki-br"/> <info organisation="org.apache" module="chained-resolvers"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency org="commons-lang" name="commons-lang" rev="2.0"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency name="test" rev="1.0"/><br class="xooki-br"/> </dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/></ivy-module>
+</pre>
+As we'd expect, the ivy file declares this module to be dependent on the two libraries it uses: 'commons-lang' and 'test'. Note that we didn't specify the org for the dependency 'test'. When we exclude org, Ivy assumes it is in the same org as the declaring module. (i.e. 'org.apache').<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h2>the <b>ivy settings</b></h2>
+The settings are defined in the ivysettings.xml file located in the settings directory of the project. Below are its contents, followed by an explanation of what it's doing.<br class="xooki-br"/>
+<pre>
+<ivysettings><br class="xooki-br"/> <settings defaultResolver="chain-example"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <resolvers><br class="xooki-br"/> <chain name="chain-example"><br class="xooki-br"/> <filesystem name="libraries"><br class="xooki-br"/> <artifact pattern="${ivy.settings.dir}/repository/[artifact]-[revision].[ext]" /><br class="xooki-br"/> </filesystem><br class="xooki-br"/> <ibiblio name="ibiblio" m2compatible="true" /><br class="xooki-br"/> </chain><br class="xooki-br"/> </resolvers><br class="xooki-br"/></ivysettings>
+</pre>
+<h2>the <b>settings</b> tag</h2>
+This tag initializes Ivy with some parameters. Here only one parameter is set, the name of the resolver to use by default.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h2>the <b>resolvers</b> tag</h2>
+The resolvers section defines the list of resolvers that Ivy will use to locate artifacts. In our example, we have only one resolver named "chain-example", which is unique in that it defines a list (hence a chain) of resolvers.<br class="xooki-br"/>The resolvers in this chain are:
+<ul>
+ <li>libraries : It is a filesystem resolver, so looks at a directory structure to retrieve the artifacts. This one is configured to look in the <tt>repository</tt> sub directory of the directory that contains the <tt>ivysettings.xml</tt> file.</li>
+ <li>ibiblio : It looks in the ibiblio maven repository to retrieve the artifacts.</li>
+</ul>
+
+That's it, we have just configured a chain of resolvers!<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>walkthrough</h1>
+<div class="step">
+<h2>step 1: preparation</h2>
+Open a DOS or shell window, and go to the "chained-resolvers" directory.
+</div>
+<div class="step">
+<h2>step 2: clean directory tree</h2>
+On the prompt type: ant<br>
+This will clean up the entire project directory tree and Ivy cache. You can do this each time you want to clean up this example.<br class="xooki-br"/>
+<div class="tip">
+In almost all examples, we provide a clean target as default target. Since most examples use the same Ivy cache, you will clean the whole Ivy cache each time you call this target. <br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Cleaning the Ivy cache is something you can do without fear (except performance): it's only a cache, so everything can be (and should be) obtained again from repositories. This may sound strange to those coming from maven 2 land. But remember that in Ivy, the cache is not a local repository and the two are completely isolated.
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="step">
+<h2>step 3: run the project</h2>
+Go to <tt>chained-resolvers</tt> project directory. And simply run <tt>ant</tt>.<br class="xooki-br"/>
+<div class="shell"><pre>
+
+</pre></div></div>
+
+We can see in the log of the resolve task, that the two dependencies have been retrieved (2 artifacts) and copied to the Ivy cache directory (2 downloaded). <br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Also notice that the 'run' Ant target succeeded in using both commons-lang.jar coming from the ibiblio repository and test.jar coming from the local repository.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>Going further</h1>
+This very simple example helps us see how to set up two resolvers in a chain. The <a href="../resolver/chain.html">chain resolver's reference documentation</a> is available for those who would like to know all the features offered by this resolver.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Below are a few more interesting things worth knowing about chain resolvers. After reading them, go ahead and try tweaking this example using your new wealth of knowledge!
+<ul>
+<li>a chain is not limited to two nested resolvers, you can use as many as you want</li>
+<li>by setting <tt>returnFirst="true"</tt>, you can have a chain which stops as soon as it has found a result for a given module</li>
+<li>by setting <tt>dual="true"</tt>, the full chain will be used both for module descriptors and artifacts, while setting <tt>dual="false"</tt>, the resolver in the chain which found the module descriptor (if any) is also used for artifacts</li>
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+
+ <h1 class="title">Using Ivy in multiple projects environment</h1>
+ <br class="xooki-br"/>In the previous tutorial, you saw how to deal with dependencies between two simple projects.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>This tutorial will guide you through the use of Ivy in a more complete environment. All of the code for this tutorial is available in the <tt>src/example/multi-project</tt> directory of the Ivy distribution.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>Context</h1>
+Here is a 10000ft overview of the projects involved in this tutorial:
+<ul>
+<li>version</li> helps to identify module by a version
+<li>list</li> gives a list of files in a directory (recursively)
+<li>size</li> gives the total size of all files in a directory, or of a collection of files
+<li>find</li> find files in a given dir or among a list of files which match a given name
+<li>sizewhere</li> gives the total size of files matching a name in a directory
+<li>console</li> give access to all other modules features through a simple console app
+</ul>
+For sure this is not aimed to demonstrate how to develop a complex app or give indication of advanced algorithm :-)<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>But this gives a simple understanding of how Ant+Ivy can be used to develop an application divided in multiple modules.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Now, here is how these modules relate to each other:<br class="xooki-br"/><center><a href="../samples/projects-dependencies-graph.jpg"><img src="../samples/projects-dependencies-graph-small.jpg" alt="dependencies graph"/><br/><i>click to enlarge</i></a></center>
+
+Modules in yellow are the modules described in this tutorial, and modules in blue are external dependencies (we will see how to generate this graph later in this tutorial).<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>As you can see, we have here a pretty interesting set of modules with dependencies between each other, each depending on the latest version of the others.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>The example files</h1>
+The sources for this tutorial can be found in <tt>src/example/multi-project</tt> in the Ivy distribution. In this directory, you will find the following files:
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=ant-ivy.git;a=blob;f=src/example/multi-project/build.xml">build.xml</a></li>This is a root build file which can be used to call targets on all modules, in the order of their dependencies (ensuring that a module is always built before any module depending on it, for instance)
+<li>common
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=ant-ivy.git;a=blob;f=src/example/multi-project/common/common.xml">common.xml</a></li> the common build file imported by all build.xml files for each project. This build defines the targets which can be used in all projects.
+<li><a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=ant-ivy.git;a=blob;f=src/example/multi-project/common/build.properties">build.properties</a></li>some properties common to all projects
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>projects</li>
+contains a directory per module, with each containing:
+<ul>
+<li>ivy.xml</li>Ivy file of the module, describing its dependencies upon other modules and/or external modules.<br class="xooki-br"/>Example:
+<pre>
+<ivy-module version="1.0"><br class="xooki-br"/> <info <br class="xooki-br"/> organisation="org.apache.ivy.example"<br class="xooki-br"/> module="find"<br class="xooki-br"/> status="integration"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <configurations><br class="xooki-br"/> <conf name="core"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <conf name="standalone" extends="core"/><br class="xooki-br"/> </configurations><br class="xooki-br"/> <publications><br class="xooki-br"/> <artifact name="find" type="jar" conf="core" /><br class="xooki-br"/> </publications><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency name="version" rev="latest.integration" conf="core->default" /><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency name="list" rev="latest.integration" conf="core" /><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency org="commons-collections" name="commons-collections" rev="3.1" conf="
core->default" /><br class="xooki-br"/> <dependency org="commons-cli" name="commons-cli" rev="1.0" conf="standalone->default" /><br class="xooki-br"/> </dependencies><br class="xooki-br"/></ivy-module>
+</pre>
+<li>build.xml</li>The build file of the project, which consists mainly of an import of the common build file and of a module specific properties file:
+<pre>
+<project name="find" default="compile"><br class="xooki-br"/> <property file="build.properties"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <br class="xooki-br"/> <import file="${common.dir}/common.xml"/><br class="xooki-br"/></project>
+</pre>
+<li>build.properties</li>Module specific properties + properties to find the common build file
+<pre>
+projects.dir = ${basedir}/..<br class="xooki-br"/>wkspace.dir = ${projects.dir}/..<br class="xooki-br"/>common.dir = ${wkspace.dir}/common
+</pre>
+<li>src</li> the source directory with all java sources
+</ul>
+</ul>
+
+Note that this example doesn't demonstrate many good practices for software development in general, in particular you won't find any unit test in these samples, even if we think unit testing is very important. But this isn't the aim of this tutorial.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Now that you are a bit more familiar with the structure, let's have a look at the most important part of this example: the common build file. Indeed, as you have seen, all the module's build files only import the common build file, and define their dependencies in their ivy files (which you should begin to be familiar with).<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>So, here are some aspects of this common build file:<br class="xooki-br"/><h2>ivy settings</h2>
+<pre>
+<!-- setup ivy default configuration with some custom info --><br class="xooki-br"/><property name="ivy.local.default.root" value="${repository.dir}/local"/><br class="xooki-br"/><property name="ivy.shared.default.root" value="${repository.dir}/shared"/><br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><!-- here is how we would have configured ivy if we had our own ivysettings file<br class="xooki-br"/><ivy:settings file="${common.dir}/ivysettings.xml" id="ivy.instance" /><br class="xooki-br"/>-->
+</pre>
+
+This declaration configures Ivy by only setting two properties: the location for the local repository and the location for the shared repository. It's the only settings done here, since Ivy is configured by default to work in a team environment (see <a href="../tutorial/defaultconf.html">default settings tutorial</a> for details about this). For sure in a real environment, the shared repository location would rather be in a team shared directory (or in a more complex repository, again see the default settings tutorial to see how to use something really different).<br class="xooki-br"/>Commented out you can see how the settings would have been done if the default setting wasn't OK for our purpose.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h2>resolve dependencies</h2>
+<pre>
+<target name="resolve" depends="clean-lib, load-ivy" description="--> resolve and retrieve dependencies with ivy"><br class="xooki-br"/> <mkdir dir="${lib.dir}"/> <!-- not usually necessary, ivy creates the directory IF there are dependencies --><br class="xooki-br"/> <br class="xooki-br"/> <!-- the call to resolve is not mandatory, retrieve makes an implicit call if we don't --><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:resolve file="${ivy.file}"/><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:retrieve pattern="${lib.dir}/[artifact].[ext]" /><br class="xooki-br"/></target>
+</pre>
+You should begin to be familiar with using Ivy this way. We call <i>resolve</i> explicitly to use the ivy file configured (the default would have been fine), and then call <i>retrieve</i> to copy resolved dependencies artifacts from the cache to a local lib directory. The pattern is also used to name the artifacts in the lib dir with their name and extension only (without revision), this is easier to use with an IDE, as the IDE configuration won't change when the artifacts version change.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h2>ivy-new-version</h2>
+<pre>
+<target name="ivy-new-version" depends="load-ivy" unless="ivy.new.revision"><br class="xooki-br"/> <!-- default module version prefix value --><br class="xooki-br"/> <property name="module.version.prefix" value="${module.version.target}-dev-b" /><br class="xooki-br"/> <br class="xooki-br"/> <!-- asks Ivy for an available version number --><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:info file="${ivy.file}" /><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:buildnumber <br class="xooki-br"/> organisation="${ivy.organisation}" module="${ivy.module}" <br class="xooki-br"/> revision="${module.version.prefix}" defaultBuildNumber="1" revSep=""/><br class="xooki-br"/></target>
+</pre>
+This target is used to ask Ivy to find a new version for a module. To get details about the module we are dealing with, we pull information out of the ivy file by using the ivy:info task. Then the <a href="../use/buildnumber.html">buildnumber</a> task is used to get a new revision, based on a prefix we set with a property, by default it will be 1.0-dev-b (have a look at the default value for <tt>module.version.target</tt> in the <tt>common/build.properties</tt> file). Each module built by this common build file could easily override this by either setting a different <tt>module.version.target</tt> in its module specific <tt>build.properties</tt>, or even overriding <tt>module.version.prefix</tt>. To get the new revision, Ivy scans the repository to find the latest available version with the given prefix, and then increments this version by 1.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h2>publish</h2>
+<pre>
+<target name="publish" depends="clean-build, jar" description="--> publish this project in the ivy repository"><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:publish artifactspattern="${build.dir}/[artifact].[ext]" <br class="xooki-br"/> resolver="shared"<br class="xooki-br"/> pubrevision="${version}" <br class="xooki-br"/> status="release"<br class="xooki-br"/> /><br class="xooki-br"/> <echo message="project ${ant.project.name} released with version ${version}" /><br class="xooki-br"/></target>
+</pre>
+This target publishes the module to the shared repository, with the revision found in the version property, which is set by other targets (based on ivy-new-version we have seen above). It can be used when a module reaches a specific milestone, or whenever you want the team to benefit from a new version of the module.<br class="xooki-br"/><h2>publish-local</h2>
+<pre>
+<target name="publish-local" depends="local-version, jar" description="--> publish this project in the local ivy repository"><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:publish artifactspattern="${build.dir}/[artifact].[ext]" <br class="xooki-br"/> resolver="local"<br class="xooki-br"/> pubrevision="${version}"<br class="xooki-br"/> pubdate="${now}"<br class="xooki-br"/> status="integration"<br class="xooki-br"/> forcedeliver="true"<br class="xooki-br"/> /><br class="xooki-br"/> <echo message="project ${ant.project.name} published locally with version ${version}" /><br class="xooki-br"/></target>
+</pre>
+This is very similar to the publish task, except that this publishes the revision to the local repository, which is used only in your environment and doesn't disturb the team. When you change something in a module and want to benefit from the change in another one, you can simply call <tt>publish-local</tt> in this module, and then your next build of the other module will automatically get this local version.<br class="xooki-br"/><h2>clean-local</h2>
+<pre>
+<target name="clean-local" description="--> cleans the local repository for the current module"><br class="xooki-br"/> <delete dir="${ivy.local.default.root}/${ant.project.name}"/><br class="xooki-br"/></target>
+</pre>
+This target is used when you don't want to use your local version of a module anymore. For example, when you release a new version to the whole team, or discard your local changes and want to take advantage of a new version from the team.<br class="xooki-br"/><h2>report</h2>
+<pre>
+<target name="report" depends="resolve" description="--> generates a report of dependencies"><br class="xooki-br"/> <ivy:report todir="${build.dir}"/><br class="xooki-br"/></target>
+</pre>
+Generates both an html report and a graphml report.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>For example, to generate a graph like the one shown at the beginning of this tutorial, you just have to follow the instructions given <a href="../yed.html">here</a> with the graphml file you will find in <pre>projects/console/build/</pre> after having called report in the console project, and that's it, you have a clear overview of all your app dependencies!<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/><h1>Playing with the projects</h1>
+You can play with this tutorial by using regular Ant commands. Begin in the base directory of the tutorial (src/example/multi-project), and run ant -p:
+<div class="shell"><pre>
+
+</pre></div>
+
+This gives you an idea of what you can do here. To make sure you have at least one version of all your modules published in your repository (required to build modules having dependencies on the others), you can run <tt>ant publish-all</tt> (example log <a href="log/multi-project-general-publishall.txt">here</a>).<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>You will see that Ivy calls the publish target on all the modules, following the order of the dependencies, so that a dependee is always built and published before its depender. Feel free to make changes in the source code of a module (changing a method name for instance) and in the module using the method, then call publish-all to see how the change in the dependee is compiled first, published, and then available to the depender which can compile successfully.<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>Then you can go in one of the example project directories (like projects/find for instance), and run <tt>ant -p</tt>:
+<div class="shell"><pre>
+
+</pre></div>
+
+You can see the targets available, thanks to the import of the <tt>common.xml</tt> build file. Play with the project by calling resolve, and publish, and see what happens when you do the same in other projects. An interesting thing to do for instance, is to change the dependencies of a project. If the module version now depends on a new commons library, you will see that all other projects depending on that version will get this library as part of their transitive dependencies once the new revision of the version project is published. Very easy! And if a project introduces a change with which the depender isn't compatible with yet, you can easily change the dependency in the depender to move from <tt>latest.integration</tt> to a fixed version with which the depender is compatible (probably the latest before the change). Keeping your modules under control is now very easy!<br class="xooki-br"/><br class="xooki-br"/>By now, you should be pretty familiar with multi-project development
with Ivy. We hope you will appreciate its power and flexibility! And these tutorials are only the beginning of your journey with Ivy, browse the <a href="../reference.html">reference documentation</a> to learn more about the features, subscribe to the mailing lists to share your experience and ask questions with the community, browse the source code, open jira issues, submit patches, join in and help make Ivy the best of dependency management tools!
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