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Posted to commits@ambari.apache.org by lp...@apache.org on 2017/10/26 09:31:43 UTC

[29/71] [abbrv] ambari git commit: AMBARI-21955. Update React version to 15.6.2 to get MIT license. (Sanket Shah via yusaku)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/ambari/blob/5bdede50/contrib/views/storm/src/main/resources/libs/Backbone/js/Backbone.js
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-//     Backbone.js 1.3.3
-
-//     (c) 2010-2016 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
-//     Backbone may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
-//     For all details and documentation:
-//     http://backbonejs.org
-
-(function(factory) {
-
-  // Establish the root object, `window` (`self`) in the browser, or `global` on the server.
-  // We use `self` instead of `window` for `WebWorker` support.
-  var root = (typeof self == 'object' && self.self === self && self) ||
-            (typeof global == 'object' && global.global === global && global);
-
-  // Set up Backbone appropriately for the environment. Start with AMD.
-  if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
-    define(['underscore', 'jquery', 'exports'], function(_, $, exports) {
-      // Export global even in AMD case in case this script is loaded with
-      // others that may still expect a global Backbone.
-      root.Backbone = factory(root, exports, _, $);
-    });
-
-  // Next for Node.js or CommonJS. jQuery may not be needed as a module.
-  } else if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
-    var _ = require('underscore'), $;
-    try { $ = require('jquery'); } catch (e) {}
-    factory(root, exports, _, $);
-
-  // Finally, as a browser global.
-  } else {
-    root.Backbone = factory(root, {}, root._, (root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender || root.$));
-  }
-
-})(function(root, Backbone, _, $) {
-
-  // Initial Setup
-  // -------------
-
-  // Save the previous value of the `Backbone` variable, so that it can be
-  // restored later on, if `noConflict` is used.
-  var previousBackbone = root.Backbone;
-
-  // Create a local reference to a common array method we'll want to use later.
-  var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
-
-  // Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`.
-  Backbone.VERSION = '1.3.3';
-
-  // For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, Ender, or My Library (kidding) owns
-  // the `$` variable.
-  Backbone.$ = $;
-
-  // Runs Backbone.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Backbone` variable
-  // to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Backbone object.
-  Backbone.noConflict = function() {
-    root.Backbone = previousBackbone;
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Turn on `emulateHTTP` to support legacy HTTP servers. Setting this option
-  // will fake `"PATCH"`, `"PUT"` and `"DELETE"` requests via the `_method` parameter and
-  // set a `X-Http-Method-Override` header.
-  Backbone.emulateHTTP = false;
-
-  // Turn on `emulateJSON` to support legacy servers that can't deal with direct
-  // `application/json` requests ... this will encode the body as
-  // `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` instead and will send the model in a
-  // form param named `model`.
-  Backbone.emulateJSON = false;
-
-  // Proxy Backbone class methods to Underscore functions, wrapping the model's
-  // `attributes` object or collection's `models` array behind the scenes.
-  //
-  // collection.filter(function(model) { return model.get('age') > 10 });
-  // collection.each(this.addView);
-  //
-  // `Function#apply` can be slow so we use the method's arg count, if we know it.
-  var addMethod = function(length, method, attribute) {
-    switch (length) {
-      case 1: return function() {
-        return _[method](this[attribute]);
-      };
-      case 2: return function(value) {
-        return _[method](this[attribute], value);
-      };
-      case 3: return function(iteratee, context) {
-        return _[method](this[attribute], cb(iteratee, this), context);
-      };
-      case 4: return function(iteratee, defaultVal, context) {
-        return _[method](this[attribute], cb(iteratee, this), defaultVal, context);
-      };
-      default: return function() {
-        var args = slice.call(arguments);
-        args.unshift(this[attribute]);
-        return _[method].apply(_, args);
-      };
-    }
-  };
-  var addUnderscoreMethods = function(Class, methods, attribute) {
-    _.each(methods, function(length, method) {
-      if (_[method]) Class.prototype[method] = addMethod(length, method, attribute);
-    });
-  };
-
-  // Support `collection.sortBy('attr')` and `collection.findWhere({id: 1})`.
-  var cb = function(iteratee, instance) {
-    if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) return iteratee;
-    if (_.isObject(iteratee) && !instance._isModel(iteratee)) return modelMatcher(iteratee);
-    if (_.isString(iteratee)) return function(model) { return model.get(iteratee); };
-    return iteratee;
-  };
-  var modelMatcher = function(attrs) {
-    var matcher = _.matches(attrs);
-    return function(model) {
-      return matcher(model.attributes);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Backbone.Events
-  // ---------------
-
-  // A module that can be mixed in to *any object* in order to provide it with
-  // a custom event channel. You may bind a callback to an event with `on` or
-  // remove with `off`; `trigger`-ing an event fires all callbacks in
-  // succession.
-  //
-  //     var object = {};
-  //     _.extend(object, Backbone.Events);
-  //     object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); });
-  //     object.trigger('expand');
-  //
-  var Events = Backbone.Events = {};
-
-  // Regular expression used to split event strings.
-  var eventSplitter = /\s+/;
-
-  // Iterates over the standard `event, callback` (as well as the fancy multiple
-  // space-separated events `"change blur", callback` and jQuery-style event
-  // maps `{event: callback}`).
-  var eventsApi = function(iteratee, events, name, callback, opts) {
-    var i = 0, names;
-    if (name && typeof name === 'object') {
-      // Handle event maps.
-      if (callback !== void 0 && 'context' in opts && opts.context === void 0) opts.context = callback;
-      for (names = _.keys(name); i < names.length ; i++) {
-        events = eventsApi(iteratee, events, names[i], name[names[i]], opts);
-      }
-    } else if (name && eventSplitter.test(name)) {
-      // Handle space-separated event names by delegating them individually.
-      for (names = name.split(eventSplitter); i < names.length; i++) {
-        events = iteratee(events, names[i], callback, opts);
-      }
-    } else {
-      // Finally, standard events.
-      events = iteratee(events, name, callback, opts);
-    }
-    return events;
-  };
-
-  // Bind an event to a `callback` function. Passing `"all"` will bind
-  // the callback to all events fired.
-  Events.on = function(name, callback, context) {
-    return internalOn(this, name, callback, context);
-  };
-
-  // Guard the `listening` argument from the public API.
-  var internalOn = function(obj, name, callback, context, listening) {
-    obj._events = eventsApi(onApi, obj._events || {}, name, callback, {
-      context: context,
-      ctx: obj,
-      listening: listening
-    });
-
-    if (listening) {
-      var listeners = obj._listeners || (obj._listeners = {});
-      listeners[listening.id] = listening;
-    }
-
-    return obj;
-  };
-
-  // Inversion-of-control versions of `on`. Tell *this* object to listen to
-  // an event in another object... keeping track of what it's listening to
-  // for easier unbinding later.
-  Events.listenTo = function(obj, name, callback) {
-    if (!obj) return this;
-    var id = obj._listenId || (obj._listenId = _.uniqueId('l'));
-    var listeningTo = this._listeningTo || (this._listeningTo = {});
-    var listening = listeningTo[id];
-
-    // This object is not listening to any other events on `obj` yet.
-    // Setup the necessary references to track the listening callbacks.
-    if (!listening) {
-      var thisId = this._listenId || (this._listenId = _.uniqueId('l'));
-      listening = listeningTo[id] = {obj: obj, objId: id, id: thisId, listeningTo: listeningTo, count: 0};
-    }
-
-    // Bind callbacks on obj, and keep track of them on listening.
-    internalOn(obj, name, callback, this, listening);
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // The reducing API that adds a callback to the `events` object.
-  var onApi = function(events, name, callback, options) {
-    if (callback) {
-      var handlers = events[name] || (events[name] = []);
-      var context = options.context, ctx = options.ctx, listening = options.listening;
-      if (listening) listening.count++;
-
-      handlers.push({callback: callback, context: context, ctx: context || ctx, listening: listening});
-    }
-    return events;
-  };
-
-  // Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all
-  // callbacks with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all
-  // callbacks for the event. If `name` is null, removes all bound
-  // callbacks for all events.
-  Events.off = function(name, callback, context) {
-    if (!this._events) return this;
-    this._events = eventsApi(offApi, this._events, name, callback, {
-      context: context,
-      listeners: this._listeners
-    });
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Tell this object to stop listening to either specific events ... or
-  // to every object it's currently listening to.
-  Events.stopListening = function(obj, name, callback) {
-    var listeningTo = this._listeningTo;
-    if (!listeningTo) return this;
-
-    var ids = obj ? [obj._listenId] : _.keys(listeningTo);
-
-    for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-      var listening = listeningTo[ids[i]];
-
-      // If listening doesn't exist, this object is not currently
-      // listening to obj. Break out early.
-      if (!listening) break;
-
-      listening.obj.off(name, callback, this);
-    }
-
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // The reducing API that removes a callback from the `events` object.
-  var offApi = function(events, name, callback, options) {
-    if (!events) return;
-
-    var i = 0, listening;
-    var context = options.context, listeners = options.listeners;
-
-    // Delete all events listeners and "drop" events.
-    if (!name && !callback && !context) {
-      var ids = _.keys(listeners);
-      for (; i < ids.length; i++) {
-        listening = listeners[ids[i]];
-        delete listeners[listening.id];
-        delete listening.listeningTo[listening.objId];
-      }
-      return;
-    }
-
-    var names = name ? [name] : _.keys(events);
-    for (; i < names.length; i++) {
-      name = names[i];
-      var handlers = events[name];
-
-      // Bail out if there are no events stored.
-      if (!handlers) break;
-
-      // Replace events if there are any remaining.  Otherwise, clean up.
-      var remaining = [];
-      for (var j = 0; j < handlers.length; j++) {
-        var handler = handlers[j];
-        if (
-          callback && callback !== handler.callback &&
-            callback !== handler.callback._callback ||
-              context && context !== handler.context
-        ) {
-          remaining.push(handler);
-        } else {
-          listening = handler.listening;
-          if (listening && --listening.count === 0) {
-            delete listeners[listening.id];
-            delete listening.listeningTo[listening.objId];
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Update tail event if the list has any events.  Otherwise, clean up.
-      if (remaining.length) {
-        events[name] = remaining;
-      } else {
-        delete events[name];
-      }
-    }
-    return events;
-  };
-
-  // Bind an event to only be triggered a single time. After the first time
-  // the callback is invoked, its listener will be removed. If multiple events
-  // are passed in using the space-separated syntax, the handler will fire
-  // once for each event, not once for a combination of all events.
-  Events.once = function(name, callback, context) {
-    // Map the event into a `{event: once}` object.
-    var events = eventsApi(onceMap, {}, name, callback, _.bind(this.off, this));
-    if (typeof name === 'string' && context == null) callback = void 0;
-    return this.on(events, callback, context);
-  };
-
-  // Inversion-of-control versions of `once`.
-  Events.listenToOnce = function(obj, name, callback) {
-    // Map the event into a `{event: once}` object.
-    var events = eventsApi(onceMap, {}, name, callback, _.bind(this.stopListening, this, obj));
-    return this.listenTo(obj, events);
-  };
-
-  // Reduces the event callbacks into a map of `{event: onceWrapper}`.
-  // `offer` unbinds the `onceWrapper` after it has been called.
-  var onceMap = function(map, name, callback, offer) {
-    if (callback) {
-      var once = map[name] = _.once(function() {
-        offer(name, once);
-        callback.apply(this, arguments);
-      });
-      once._callback = callback;
-    }
-    return map;
-  };
-
-  // Trigger one or many events, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are
-  // passed the same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name
-  // (unless you're listening on `"all"`, which will cause your callback to
-  // receive the true name of the event as the first argument).
-  Events.trigger = function(name) {
-    if (!this._events) return this;
-
-    var length = Math.max(0, arguments.length - 1);
-    var args = Array(length);
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) args[i] = arguments[i + 1];
-
-    eventsApi(triggerApi, this._events, name, void 0, args);
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Handles triggering the appropriate event callbacks.
-  var triggerApi = function(objEvents, name, callback, args) {
-    if (objEvents) {
-      var events = objEvents[name];
-      var allEvents = objEvents.all;
-      if (events && allEvents) allEvents = allEvents.slice();
-      if (events) triggerEvents(events, args);
-      if (allEvents) triggerEvents(allEvents, [name].concat(args));
-    }
-    return objEvents;
-  };
-
-  // A difficult-to-believe, but optimized internal dispatch function for
-  // triggering events. Tries to keep the usual cases speedy (most internal
-  // Backbone events have 3 arguments).
-  var triggerEvents = function(events, args) {
-    var ev, i = -1, l = events.length, a1 = args[0], a2 = args[1], a3 = args[2];
-    switch (args.length) {
-      case 0: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx); return;
-      case 1: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1); return;
-      case 2: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2); return;
-      case 3: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2, a3); return;
-      default: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.apply(ev.ctx, args); return;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Aliases for backwards compatibility.
-  Events.bind   = Events.on;
-  Events.unbind = Events.off;
-
-  // Allow the `Backbone` object to serve as a global event bus, for folks who
-  // want global "pubsub" in a convenient place.
-  _.extend(Backbone, Events);
-
-  // Backbone.Model
-  // --------------
-
-  // Backbone **Models** are the basic data object in the framework --
-  // frequently representing a row in a table in a database on your server.
-  // A discrete chunk of data and a bunch of useful, related methods for
-  // performing computations and transformations on that data.
-
-  // Create a new model with the specified attributes. A client id (`cid`)
-  // is automatically generated and assigned for you.
-  var Model = Backbone.Model = function(attributes, options) {
-    var attrs = attributes || {};
-    options || (options = {});
-    this.cid = _.uniqueId(this.cidPrefix);
-    this.attributes = {};
-    if (options.collection) this.collection = options.collection;
-    if (options.parse) attrs = this.parse(attrs, options) || {};
-    var defaults = _.result(this, 'defaults');
-    attrs = _.defaults(_.extend({}, defaults, attrs), defaults);
-    this.set(attrs, options);
-    this.changed = {};
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Attach all inheritable methods to the Model prototype.
-  _.extend(Model.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // A hash of attributes whose current and previous value differ.
-    changed: null,
-
-    // The value returned during the last failed validation.
-    validationError: null,
-
-    // The default name for the JSON `id` attribute is `"id"`. MongoDB and
-    // CouchDB users may want to set this to `"_id"`.
-    idAttribute: 'id',
-
-    // The prefix is used to create the client id which is used to identify models locally.
-    // You may want to override this if you're experiencing name clashes with model ids.
-    cidPrefix: 'c',
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // Return a copy of the model's `attributes` object.
-    toJSON: function(options) {
-      return _.clone(this.attributes);
-    },
-
-    // Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default -- but override this if you need
-    // custom syncing semantics for *this* particular model.
-    sync: function() {
-      return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments);
-    },
-
-    // Get the value of an attribute.
-    get: function(attr) {
-      return this.attributes[attr];
-    },
-
-    // Get the HTML-escaped value of an attribute.
-    escape: function(attr) {
-      return _.escape(this.get(attr));
-    },
-
-    // Returns `true` if the attribute contains a value that is not null
-    // or undefined.
-    has: function(attr) {
-      return this.get(attr) != null;
-    },
-
-    // Special-cased proxy to underscore's `_.matches` method.
-    matches: function(attrs) {
-      return !!_.iteratee(attrs, this)(this.attributes);
-    },
-
-    // Set a hash of model attributes on the object, firing `"change"`. This is
-    // the core primitive operation of a model, updating the data and notifying
-    // anyone who needs to know about the change in state. The heart of the beast.
-    set: function(key, val, options) {
-      if (key == null) return this;
-
-      // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments.
-      var attrs;
-      if (typeof key === 'object') {
-        attrs = key;
-        options = val;
-      } else {
-        (attrs = {})[key] = val;
-      }
-
-      options || (options = {});
-
-      // Run validation.
-      if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false;
-
-      // Extract attributes and options.
-      var unset      = options.unset;
-      var silent     = options.silent;
-      var changes    = [];
-      var changing   = this._changing;
-      this._changing = true;
-
-      if (!changing) {
-        this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes);
-        this.changed = {};
-      }
-
-      var current = this.attributes;
-      var changed = this.changed;
-      var prev    = this._previousAttributes;
-
-      // For each `set` attribute, update or delete the current value.
-      for (var attr in attrs) {
-        val = attrs[attr];
-        if (!_.isEqual(current[attr], val)) changes.push(attr);
-        if (!_.isEqual(prev[attr], val)) {
-          changed[attr] = val;
-        } else {
-          delete changed[attr];
-        }
-        unset ? delete current[attr] : current[attr] = val;
-      }
-
-      // Update the `id`.
-      if (this.idAttribute in attrs) this.id = this.get(this.idAttribute);
-
-      // Trigger all relevant attribute changes.
-      if (!silent) {
-        if (changes.length) this._pending = options;
-        for (var i = 0; i < changes.length; i++) {
-          this.trigger('change:' + changes[i], this, current[changes[i]], options);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // You might be wondering why there's a `while` loop here. Changes can
-      // be recursively nested within `"change"` events.
-      if (changing) return this;
-      if (!silent) {
-        while (this._pending) {
-          options = this._pending;
-          this._pending = false;
-          this.trigger('change', this, options);
-        }
-      }
-      this._pending = false;
-      this._changing = false;
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove an attribute from the model, firing `"change"`. `unset` is a noop
-    // if the attribute doesn't exist.
-    unset: function(attr, options) {
-      return this.set(attr, void 0, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true}));
-    },
-
-    // Clear all attributes on the model, firing `"change"`.
-    clear: function(options) {
-      var attrs = {};
-      for (var key in this.attributes) attrs[key] = void 0;
-      return this.set(attrs, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true}));
-    },
-
-    // Determine if the model has changed since the last `"change"` event.
-    // If you specify an attribute name, determine if that attribute has changed.
-    hasChanged: function(attr) {
-      if (attr == null) return !_.isEmpty(this.changed);
-      return _.has(this.changed, attr);
-    },
-
-    // Return an object containing all the attributes that have changed, or
-    // false if there are no changed attributes. Useful for determining what
-    // parts of a view need to be updated and/or what attributes need to be
-    // persisted to the server. Unset attributes will be set to undefined.
-    // You can also pass an attributes object to diff against the model,
-    // determining if there *would be* a change.
-    changedAttributes: function(diff) {
-      if (!diff) return this.hasChanged() ? _.clone(this.changed) : false;
-      var old = this._changing ? this._previousAttributes : this.attributes;
-      var changed = {};
-      for (var attr in diff) {
-        var val = diff[attr];
-        if (_.isEqual(old[attr], val)) continue;
-        changed[attr] = val;
-      }
-      return _.size(changed) ? changed : false;
-    },
-
-    // Get the previous value of an attribute, recorded at the time the last
-    // `"change"` event was fired.
-    previous: function(attr) {
-      if (attr == null || !this._previousAttributes) return null;
-      return this._previousAttributes[attr];
-    },
-
-    // Get all of the attributes of the model at the time of the previous
-    // `"change"` event.
-    previousAttributes: function() {
-      return _.clone(this._previousAttributes);
-    },
-
-    // Fetch the model from the server, merging the response with the model's
-    // local attributes. Any changed attributes will trigger a "change" event.
-    fetch: function(options) {
-      options = _.extend({parse: true}, options);
-      var model = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        var serverAttrs = options.parse ? model.parse(resp, options) : resp;
-        if (!model.set(serverAttrs, options)) return false;
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-        model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
-      };
-      wrapError(this, options);
-      return this.sync('read', this, options);
-    },
-
-    // Set a hash of model attributes, and sync the model to the server.
-    // If the server returns an attributes hash that differs, the model's
-    // state will be `set` again.
-    save: function(key, val, options) {
-      // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments.
-      var attrs;
-      if (key == null || typeof key === 'object') {
-        attrs = key;
-        options = val;
-      } else {
-        (attrs = {})[key] = val;
-      }
-
-      options = _.extend({validate: true, parse: true}, options);
-      var wait = options.wait;
-
-      // If we're not waiting and attributes exist, save acts as
-      // `set(attr).save(null, opts)` with validation. Otherwise, check if
-      // the model will be valid when the attributes, if any, are set.
-      if (attrs && !wait) {
-        if (!this.set(attrs, options)) return false;
-      } else if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-
-      // After a successful server-side save, the client is (optionally)
-      // updated with the server-side state.
-      var model = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      var attributes = this.attributes;
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        // Ensure attributes are restored during synchronous saves.
-        model.attributes = attributes;
-        var serverAttrs = options.parse ? model.parse(resp, options) : resp;
-        if (wait) serverAttrs = _.extend({}, attrs, serverAttrs);
-        if (serverAttrs && !model.set(serverAttrs, options)) return false;
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-        model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
-      };
-      wrapError(this, options);
-
-      // Set temporary attributes if `{wait: true}` to properly find new ids.
-      if (attrs && wait) this.attributes = _.extend({}, attributes, attrs);
-
-      var method = this.isNew() ? 'create' : (options.patch ? 'patch' : 'update');
-      if (method === 'patch' && !options.attrs) options.attrs = attrs;
-      var xhr = this.sync(method, this, options);
-
-      // Restore attributes.
-      this.attributes = attributes;
-
-      return xhr;
-    },
-
-    // Destroy this model on the server if it was already persisted.
-    // Optimistically removes the model from its collection, if it has one.
-    // If `wait: true` is passed, waits for the server to respond before removal.
-    destroy: function(options) {
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      var model = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      var wait = options.wait;
-
-      var destroy = function() {
-        model.stopListening();
-        model.trigger('destroy', model, model.collection, options);
-      };
-
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        if (wait) destroy();
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-        if (!model.isNew()) model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
-      };
-
-      var xhr = false;
-      if (this.isNew()) {
-        _.defer(options.success);
-      } else {
-        wrapError(this, options);
-        xhr = this.sync('delete', this, options);
-      }
-      if (!wait) destroy();
-      return xhr;
-    },
-
-    // Default URL for the model's representation on the server -- if you're
-    // using Backbone's restful methods, override this to change the endpoint
-    // that will be called.
-    url: function() {
-      var base =
-        _.result(this, 'urlRoot') ||
-        _.result(this.collection, 'url') ||
-        urlError();
-      if (this.isNew()) return base;
-      var id = this.get(this.idAttribute);
-      return base.replace(/[^\/]$/, '$&/') + encodeURIComponent(id);
-    },
-
-    // **parse** converts a response into the hash of attributes to be `set` on
-    // the model. The default implementation is just to pass the response along.
-    parse: function(resp, options) {
-      return resp;
-    },
-
-    // Create a new model with identical attributes to this one.
-    clone: function() {
-      return new this.constructor(this.attributes);
-    },
-
-    // A model is new if it has never been saved to the server, and lacks an id.
-    isNew: function() {
-      return !this.has(this.idAttribute);
-    },
-
-    // Check if the model is currently in a valid state.
-    isValid: function(options) {
-      return this._validate({}, _.extend({}, options, {validate: true}));
-    },
-
-    // Run validation against the next complete set of model attributes,
-    // returning `true` if all is well. Otherwise, fire an `"invalid"` event.
-    _validate: function(attrs, options) {
-      if (!options.validate || !this.validate) return true;
-      attrs = _.extend({}, this.attributes, attrs);
-      var error = this.validationError = this.validate(attrs, options) || null;
-      if (!error) return true;
-      this.trigger('invalid', this, error, _.extend(options, {validationError: error}));
-      return false;
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Model, mapped to the
-  // number of arguments they take.
-  var modelMethods = {keys: 1, values: 1, pairs: 1, invert: 1, pick: 0,
-      omit: 0, chain: 1, isEmpty: 1};
-
-  // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Model#attributes`.
-  addUnderscoreMethods(Model, modelMethods, 'attributes');
-
-  // Backbone.Collection
-  // -------------------
-
-  // If models tend to represent a single row of data, a Backbone Collection is
-  // more analogous to a table full of data ... or a small slice or page of that
-  // table, or a collection of rows that belong together for a particular reason
-  // -- all of the messages in this particular folder, all of the documents
-  // belonging to this particular author, and so on. Collections maintain
-  // indexes of their models, both in order, and for lookup by `id`.
-
-  // Create a new **Collection**, perhaps to contain a specific type of `model`.
-  // If a `comparator` is specified, the Collection will maintain
-  // its models in sort order, as they're added and removed.
-  var Collection = Backbone.Collection = function(models, options) {
-    options || (options = {});
-    if (options.model) this.model = options.model;
-    if (options.comparator !== void 0) this.comparator = options.comparator;
-    this._reset();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    if (models) this.reset(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options));
-  };
-
-  // Default options for `Collection#set`.
-  var setOptions = {add: true, remove: true, merge: true};
-  var addOptions = {add: true, remove: false};
-
-  // Splices `insert` into `array` at index `at`.
-  var splice = function(array, insert, at) {
-    at = Math.min(Math.max(at, 0), array.length);
-    var tail = Array(array.length - at);
-    var length = insert.length;
-    var i;
-    for (i = 0; i < tail.length; i++) tail[i] = array[i + at];
-    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) array[i + at] = insert[i];
-    for (i = 0; i < tail.length; i++) array[i + length + at] = tail[i];
-  };
-
-  // Define the Collection's inheritable methods.
-  _.extend(Collection.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default model for a collection is just a **Backbone.Model**.
-    // This should be overridden in most cases.
-    model: Model,
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // The JSON representation of a Collection is an array of the
-    // models' attributes.
-    toJSON: function(options) {
-      return this.map(function(model) { return model.toJSON(options); });
-    },
-
-    // Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default.
-    sync: function() {
-      return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments);
-    },
-
-    // Add a model, or list of models to the set. `models` may be Backbone
-    // Models or raw JavaScript objects to be converted to Models, or any
-    // combination of the two.
-    add: function(models, options) {
-      return this.set(models, _.extend({merge: false}, options, addOptions));
-    },
-
-    // Remove a model, or a list of models from the set.
-    remove: function(models, options) {
-      options = _.extend({}, options);
-      var singular = !_.isArray(models);
-      models = singular ? [models] : models.slice();
-      var removed = this._removeModels(models, options);
-      if (!options.silent && removed.length) {
-        options.changes = {added: [], merged: [], removed: removed};
-        this.trigger('update', this, options);
-      }
-      return singular ? removed[0] : removed;
-    },
-
-    // Update a collection by `set`-ing a new list of models, adding new ones,
-    // removing models that are no longer present, and merging models that
-    // already exist in the collection, as necessary. Similar to **Model#set**,
-    // the core operation for updating the data contained by the collection.
-    set: function(models, options) {
-      if (models == null) return;
-
-      options = _.extend({}, setOptions, options);
-      if (options.parse && !this._isModel(models)) {
-        models = this.parse(models, options) || [];
-      }
-
-      var singular = !_.isArray(models);
-      models = singular ? [models] : models.slice();
-
-      var at = options.at;
-      if (at != null) at = +at;
-      if (at > this.length) at = this.length;
-      if (at < 0) at += this.length + 1;
-
-      var set = [];
-      var toAdd = [];
-      var toMerge = [];
-      var toRemove = [];
-      var modelMap = {};
-
-      var add = options.add;
-      var merge = options.merge;
-      var remove = options.remove;
-
-      var sort = false;
-      var sortable = this.comparator && at == null && options.sort !== false;
-      var sortAttr = _.isString(this.comparator) ? this.comparator : null;
-
-      // Turn bare objects into model references, and prevent invalid models
-      // from being added.
-      var model, i;
-      for (i = 0; i < models.length; i++) {
-        model = models[i];
-
-        // If a duplicate is found, prevent it from being added and
-        // optionally merge it into the existing model.
-        var existing = this.get(model);
-        if (existing) {
-          if (merge && model !== existing) {
-            var attrs = this._isModel(model) ? model.attributes : model;
-            if (options.parse) attrs = existing.parse(attrs, options);
-            existing.set(attrs, options);
-            toMerge.push(existing);
-            if (sortable && !sort) sort = existing.hasChanged(sortAttr);
-          }
-          if (!modelMap[existing.cid]) {
-            modelMap[existing.cid] = true;
-            set.push(existing);
-          }
-          models[i] = existing;
-
-        // If this is a new, valid model, push it to the `toAdd` list.
-        } else if (add) {
-          model = models[i] = this._prepareModel(model, options);
-          if (model) {
-            toAdd.push(model);
-            this._addReference(model, options);
-            modelMap[model.cid] = true;
-            set.push(model);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Remove stale models.
-      if (remove) {
-        for (i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
-          model = this.models[i];
-          if (!modelMap[model.cid]) toRemove.push(model);
-        }
-        if (toRemove.length) this._removeModels(toRemove, options);
-      }
-
-      // See if sorting is needed, update `length` and splice in new models.
-      var orderChanged = false;
-      var replace = !sortable && add && remove;
-      if (set.length && replace) {
-        orderChanged = this.length !== set.length || _.some(this.models, function(m, index) {
-          return m !== set[index];
-        });
-        this.models.length = 0;
-        splice(this.models, set, 0);
-        this.length = this.models.length;
-      } else if (toAdd.length) {
-        if (sortable) sort = true;
-        splice(this.models, toAdd, at == null ? this.length : at);
-        this.length = this.models.length;
-      }
-
-      // Silently sort the collection if appropriate.
-      if (sort) this.sort({silent: true});
-
-      // Unless silenced, it's time to fire all appropriate add/sort/update events.
-      if (!options.silent) {
-        for (i = 0; i < toAdd.length; i++) {
-          if (at != null) options.index = at + i;
-          model = toAdd[i];
-          model.trigger('add', model, this, options);
-        }
-        if (sort || orderChanged) this.trigger('sort', this, options);
-        if (toAdd.length || toRemove.length || toMerge.length) {
-          options.changes = {
-            added: toAdd,
-            removed: toRemove,
-            merged: toMerge
-          };
-          this.trigger('update', this, options);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Return the added (or merged) model (or models).
-      return singular ? models[0] : models;
-    },
-
-    // When you have more items than you want to add or remove individually,
-    // you can reset the entire set with a new list of models, without firing
-    // any granular `add` or `remove` events. Fires `reset` when finished.
-    // Useful for bulk operations and optimizations.
-    reset: function(models, options) {
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      for (var i = 0; i < this.models.length; i++) {
-        this._removeReference(this.models[i], options);
-      }
-      options.previousModels = this.models;
-      this._reset();
-      models = this.add(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options));
-      if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options);
-      return models;
-    },
-
-    // Add a model to the end of the collection.
-    push: function(model, options) {
-      return this.add(model, _.extend({at: this.length}, options));
-    },
-
-    // Remove a model from the end of the collection.
-    pop: function(options) {
-      var model = this.at(this.length - 1);
-      return this.remove(model, options);
-    },
-
-    // Add a model to the beginning of the collection.
-    unshift: function(model, options) {
-      return this.add(model, _.extend({at: 0}, options));
-    },
-
-    // Remove a model from the beginning of the collection.
-    shift: function(options) {
-      var model = this.at(0);
-      return this.remove(model, options);
-    },
-
-    // Slice out a sub-array of models from the collection.
-    slice: function() {
-      return slice.apply(this.models, arguments);
-    },
-
-    // Get a model from the set by id, cid, model object with id or cid
-    // properties, or an attributes object that is transformed through modelId.
-    get: function(obj) {
-      if (obj == null) return void 0;
-      return this._byId[obj] ||
-        this._byId[this.modelId(obj.attributes || obj)] ||
-        obj.cid && this._byId[obj.cid];
-    },
-
-    // Returns `true` if the model is in the collection.
-    has: function(obj) {
-      return this.get(obj) != null;
-    },
-
-    // Get the model at the given index.
-    at: function(index) {
-      if (index < 0) index += this.length;
-      return this.models[index];
-    },
-
-    // Return models with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases of
-    // `filter`.
-    where: function(attrs, first) {
-      return this[first ? 'find' : 'filter'](attrs);
-    },
-
-    // Return the first model with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases
-    // of `find`.
-    findWhere: function(attrs) {
-      return this.where(attrs, true);
-    },
-
-    // Force the collection to re-sort itself. You don't need to call this under
-    // normal circumstances, as the set will maintain sort order as each item
-    // is added.
-    sort: function(options) {
-      var comparator = this.comparator;
-      if (!comparator) throw new Error('Cannot sort a set without a comparator');
-      options || (options = {});
-
-      var length = comparator.length;
-      if (_.isFunction(comparator)) comparator = _.bind(comparator, this);
-
-      // Run sort based on type of `comparator`.
-      if (length === 1 || _.isString(comparator)) {
-        this.models = this.sortBy(comparator);
-      } else {
-        this.models.sort(comparator);
-      }
-      if (!options.silent) this.trigger('sort', this, options);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Pluck an attribute from each model in the collection.
-    pluck: function(attr) {
-      return this.map(attr + '');
-    },
-
-    // Fetch the default set of models for this collection, resetting the
-    // collection when they arrive. If `reset: true` is passed, the response
-    // data will be passed through the `reset` method instead of `set`.
-    fetch: function(options) {
-      options = _.extend({parse: true}, options);
-      var success = options.success;
-      var collection = this;
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        var method = options.reset ? 'reset' : 'set';
-        collection[method](resp, options);
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, collection, resp, options);
-        collection.trigger('sync', collection, resp, options);
-      };
-      wrapError(this, options);
-      return this.sync('read', this, options);
-    },
-
-    // Create a new instance of a model in this collection. Add the model to the
-    // collection immediately, unless `wait: true` is passed, in which case we
-    // wait for the server to agree.
-    create: function(model, options) {
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      var wait = options.wait;
-      model = this._prepareModel(model, options);
-      if (!model) return false;
-      if (!wait) this.add(model, options);
-      var collection = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      options.success = function(m, resp, callbackOpts) {
-        if (wait) collection.add(m, callbackOpts);
-        if (success) success.call(callbackOpts.context, m, resp, callbackOpts);
-      };
-      model.save(null, options);
-      return model;
-    },
-
-    // **parse** converts a response into a list of models to be added to the
-    // collection. The default implementation is just to pass it through.
-    parse: function(resp, options) {
-      return resp;
-    },
-
-    // Create a new collection with an identical list of models as this one.
-    clone: function() {
-      return new this.constructor(this.models, {
-        model: this.model,
-        comparator: this.comparator
-      });
-    },
-
-    // Define how to uniquely identify models in the collection.
-    modelId: function(attrs) {
-      return attrs[this.model.prototype.idAttribute || 'id'];
-    },
-
-    // Private method to reset all internal state. Called when the collection
-    // is first initialized or reset.
-    _reset: function() {
-      this.length = 0;
-      this.models = [];
-      this._byId  = {};
-    },
-
-    // Prepare a hash of attributes (or other model) to be added to this
-    // collection.
-    _prepareModel: function(attrs, options) {
-      if (this._isModel(attrs)) {
-        if (!attrs.collection) attrs.collection = this;
-        return attrs;
-      }
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      options.collection = this;
-      var model = new this.model(attrs, options);
-      if (!model.validationError) return model;
-      this.trigger('invalid', this, model.validationError, options);
-      return false;
-    },
-
-    // Internal method called by both remove and set.
-    _removeModels: function(models, options) {
-      var removed = [];
-      for (var i = 0; i < models.length; i++) {
-        var model = this.get(models[i]);
-        if (!model) continue;
-
-        var index = this.indexOf(model);
-        this.models.splice(index, 1);
-        this.length--;
-
-        // Remove references before triggering 'remove' event to prevent an
-        // infinite loop. #3693
-        delete this._byId[model.cid];
-        var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-        if (id != null) delete this._byId[id];
-
-        if (!options.silent) {
-          options.index = index;
-          model.trigger('remove', model, this, options);
-        }
-
-        removed.push(model);
-        this._removeReference(model, options);
-      }
-      return removed;
-    },
-
-    // Method for checking whether an object should be considered a model for
-    // the purposes of adding to the collection.
-    _isModel: function(model) {
-      return model instanceof Model;
-    },
-
-    // Internal method to create a model's ties to a collection.
-    _addReference: function(model, options) {
-      this._byId[model.cid] = model;
-      var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-      if (id != null) this._byId[id] = model;
-      model.on('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
-    },
-
-    // Internal method to sever a model's ties to a collection.
-    _removeReference: function(model, options) {
-      delete this._byId[model.cid];
-      var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-      if (id != null) delete this._byId[id];
-      if (this === model.collection) delete model.collection;
-      model.off('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
-    },
-
-    // Internal method called every time a model in the set fires an event.
-    // Sets need to update their indexes when models change ids. All other
-    // events simply proxy through. "add" and "remove" events that originate
-    // in other collections are ignored.
-    _onModelEvent: function(event, model, collection, options) {
-      if (model) {
-        if ((event === 'add' || event === 'remove') && collection !== this) return;
-        if (event === 'destroy') this.remove(model, options);
-        if (event === 'change') {
-          var prevId = this.modelId(model.previousAttributes());
-          var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-          if (prevId !== id) {
-            if (prevId != null) delete this._byId[prevId];
-            if (id != null) this._byId[id] = model;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      this.trigger.apply(this, arguments);
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Collection.
-  // 90% of the core usefulness of Backbone Collections is actually implemented
-  // right here:
-  var collectionMethods = {forEach: 3, each: 3, map: 3, collect: 3, reduce: 0,
-      foldl: 0, inject: 0, reduceRight: 0, foldr: 0, find: 3, detect: 3, filter: 3,
-      select: 3, reject: 3, every: 3, all: 3, some: 3, any: 3, include: 3, includes: 3,
-      contains: 3, invoke: 0, max: 3, min: 3, toArray: 1, size: 1, first: 3,
-      head: 3, take: 3, initial: 3, rest: 3, tail: 3, drop: 3, last: 3,
-      without: 0, difference: 0, indexOf: 3, shuffle: 1, lastIndexOf: 3,
-      isEmpty: 1, chain: 1, sample: 3, partition: 3, groupBy: 3, countBy: 3,
-      sortBy: 3, indexBy: 3, findIndex: 3, findLastIndex: 3};
-
-  // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Collection#models`.
-  addUnderscoreMethods(Collection, collectionMethods, 'models');
-
-  // Backbone.View
-  // -------------
-
-  // Backbone Views are almost more convention than they are actual code. A View
-  // is simply a JavaScript object that represents a logical chunk of UI in the
-  // DOM. This might be a single item, an entire list, a sidebar or panel, or
-  // even the surrounding frame which wraps your whole app. Defining a chunk of
-  // UI as a **View** allows you to define your DOM events declaratively, without
-  // having to worry about render order ... and makes it easy for the view to
-  // react to specific changes in the state of your models.
-
-  // Creating a Backbone.View creates its initial element outside of the DOM,
-  // if an existing element is not provided...
-  var View = Backbone.View = function(options) {
-    this.cid = _.uniqueId('view');
-    _.extend(this, _.pick(options, viewOptions));
-    this._ensureElement();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Cached regex to split keys for `delegate`.
-  var delegateEventSplitter = /^(\S+)\s*(.*)$/;
-
-  // List of view options to be set as properties.
-  var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName', 'events'];
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.View** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(View.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default `tagName` of a View's element is `"div"`.
-    tagName: 'div',
-
-    // jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the
-    // current view. This should be preferred to global lookups where possible.
-    $: function(selector) {
-      return this.$el.find(selector);
-    },
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order
-    // to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The
-    // convention is for **render** to always return `this`.
-    render: function() {
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove this view by taking the element out of the DOM, and removing any
-    // applicable Backbone.Events listeners.
-    remove: function() {
-      this._removeElement();
-      this.stopListening();
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove this view's element from the document and all event listeners
-    // attached to it. Exposed for subclasses using an alternative DOM
-    // manipulation API.
-    _removeElement: function() {
-      this.$el.remove();
-    },
-
-    // Change the view's element (`this.el` property) and re-delegate the
-    // view's events on the new element.
-    setElement: function(element) {
-      this.undelegateEvents();
-      this._setElement(element);
-      this.delegateEvents();
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Creates the `this.el` and `this.$el` references for this view using the
-    // given `el`. `el` can be a CSS selector or an HTML string, a jQuery
-    // context or an element. Subclasses can override this to utilize an
-    // alternative DOM manipulation API and are only required to set the
-    // `this.el` property.
-    _setElement: function(el) {
-      this.$el = el instanceof Backbone.$ ? el : Backbone.$(el);
-      this.el = this.$el[0];
-    },
-
-    // Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of
-    //
-    // *{"event selector": "callback"}*
-    //
-    //     {
-    //       'mousedown .title':  'edit',
-    //       'click .button':     'save',
-    //       'click .open':       function(e) { ... }
-    //     }
-    //
-    // pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly.
-    // Uses event delegation for efficiency.
-    // Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`.
-    delegateEvents: function(events) {
-      events || (events = _.result(this, 'events'));
-      if (!events) return this;
-      this.undelegateEvents();
-      for (var key in events) {
-        var method = events[key];
-        if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[method];
-        if (!method) continue;
-        var match = key.match(delegateEventSplitter);
-        this.delegate(match[1], match[2], _.bind(method, this));
-      }
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Add a single event listener to the view's element (or a child element
-    // using `selector`). This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`,
-    // `blur`, and not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer.
-    delegate: function(eventName, selector, listener) {
-      this.$el.on(eventName + '.delegateEvents' + this.cid, selector, listener);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view by `delegateEvents`.
-    // You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple
-    // Backbone views attached to the same DOM element.
-    undelegateEvents: function() {
-      if (this.$el) this.$el.off('.delegateEvents' + this.cid);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // A finer-grained `undelegateEvents` for removing a single delegated event.
-    // `selector` and `listener` are both optional.
-    undelegate: function(eventName, selector, listener) {
-      this.$el.off(eventName + '.delegateEvents' + this.cid, selector, listener);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Produces a DOM element to be assigned to your view. Exposed for
-    // subclasses using an alternative DOM manipulation API.
-    _createElement: function(tagName) {
-      return document.createElement(tagName);
-    },
-
-    // Ensure that the View has a DOM element to render into.
-    // If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first
-    // matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create
-    // an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties.
-    _ensureElement: function() {
-      if (!this.el) {
-        var attrs = _.extend({}, _.result(this, 'attributes'));
-        if (this.id) attrs.id = _.result(this, 'id');
-        if (this.className) attrs['class'] = _.result(this, 'className');
-        this.setElement(this._createElement(_.result(this, 'tagName')));
-        this._setAttributes(attrs);
-      } else {
-        this.setElement(_.result(this, 'el'));
-      }
-    },
-
-    // Set attributes from a hash on this view's element.  Exposed for
-    // subclasses using an alternative DOM manipulation API.
-    _setAttributes: function(attributes) {
-      this.$el.attr(attributes);
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Backbone.sync
-  // -------------
-
-  // Override this function to change the manner in which Backbone persists
-  // models to the server. You will be passed the type of request, and the
-  // model in question. By default, makes a RESTful Ajax request
-  // to the model's `url()`. Some possible customizations could be:
-  //
-  // * Use `setTimeout` to batch rapid-fire updates into a single request.
-  // * Send up the models as XML instead of JSON.
-  // * Persist models via WebSockets instead of Ajax.
-  //
-  // Turn on `Backbone.emulateHTTP` in order to send `PUT` and `DELETE` requests
-  // as `POST`, with a `_method` parameter containing the true HTTP method,
-  // as well as all requests with the body as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
-  // instead of `application/json` with the model in a param named `model`.
-  // Useful when interfacing with server-side languages like **PHP** that make
-  // it difficult to read the body of `PUT` requests.
-  Backbone.sync = function(method, model, options) {
-    var type = methodMap[method];
-
-    // Default options, unless specified.
-    _.defaults(options || (options = {}), {
-      emulateHTTP: Backbone.emulateHTTP,
-      emulateJSON: Backbone.emulateJSON
-    });
-
-    // Default JSON-request options.
-    var params = {type: type, dataType: 'json'};
-
-    // Ensure that we have a URL.
-    if (!options.url) {
-      params.url = _.result(model, 'url') || urlError();
-    }
-
-    // Ensure that we have the appropriate request data.
-    if (options.data == null && model && (method === 'create' || method === 'update' || method === 'patch')) {
-      params.contentType = 'application/json';
-      params.data = JSON.stringify(options.attrs || model.toJSON(options));
-    }
-
-    // For older servers, emulate JSON by encoding the request into an HTML-form.
-    if (options.emulateJSON) {
-      params.contentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
-      params.data = params.data ? {model: params.data} : {};
-    }
-
-    // For older servers, emulate HTTP by mimicking the HTTP method with `_method`
-    // And an `X-HTTP-Method-Override` header.
-    if (options.emulateHTTP && (type === 'PUT' || type === 'DELETE' || type === 'PATCH')) {
-      params.type = 'POST';
-      if (options.emulateJSON) params.data._method = type;
-      var beforeSend = options.beforeSend;
-      options.beforeSend = function(xhr) {
-        xhr.setRequestHeader('X-HTTP-Method-Override', type);
-        if (beforeSend) return beforeSend.apply(this, arguments);
-      };
-    }
-
-    // Don't process data on a non-GET request.
-    if (params.type !== 'GET' && !options.emulateJSON) {
-      params.processData = false;
-    }
-
-    // Pass along `textStatus` and `errorThrown` from jQuery.
-    var error = options.error;
-    options.error = function(xhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {
-      options.textStatus = textStatus;
-      options.errorThrown = errorThrown;
-      if (error) error.call(options.context, xhr, textStatus, errorThrown);
-    };
-
-    // Make the request, allowing the user to override any Ajax options.
-    var xhr = options.xhr = Backbone.ajax(_.extend(params, options));
-    model.trigger('request', model, xhr, options);
-    return xhr;
-  };
-
-  // Map from CRUD to HTTP for our default `Backbone.sync` implementation.
-  var methodMap = {
-    'create': 'POST',
-    'update': 'PUT',
-    'patch': 'PATCH',
-    'delete': 'DELETE',
-    'read': 'GET'
-  };
-
-  // Set the default implementation of `Backbone.ajax` to proxy through to `$`.
-  // Override this if you'd like to use a different library.
-  Backbone.ajax = function() {
-    return Backbone.$.ajax.apply(Backbone.$, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Backbone.Router
-  // ---------------
-
-  // Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
-  // matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically.
-  var Router = Backbone.Router = function(options) {
-    options || (options = {});
-    if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes;
-    this._bindRoutes();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
-  // parts of route strings.
-  var optionalParam = /\((.*?)\)/g;
-  var namedParam    = /(\(\?)?:\w+/g;
-  var splatParam    = /\*\w+/g;
-  var escapeRegExp  = /[\-{}\[\]+?.,\\\^$|#\s]/g;
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.Router** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(Router.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example:
-    //
-    //     this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {
-    //       ...
-    //     });
-    //
-    route: function(route, name, callback) {
-      if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route);
-      if (_.isFunction(name)) {
-        callback = name;
-        name = '';
-      }
-      if (!callback) callback = this[name];
-      var router = this;
-      Backbone.history.route(route, function(fragment) {
-        var args = router._extractParameters(route, fragment);
-        if (router.execute(callback, args, name) !== false) {
-          router.trigger.apply(router, ['route:' + name].concat(args));
-          router.trigger('route', name, args);
-          Backbone.history.trigger('route', router, name, args);
-        }
-      });
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Execute a route handler with the provided parameters.  This is an
-    // excellent place to do pre-route setup or post-route cleanup.
-    execute: function(callback, args, name) {
-      if (callback) callback.apply(this, args);
-    },
-
-    // Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history.
-    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
-      Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the
-    // order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general
-    // routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map.
-    _bindRoutes: function() {
-      if (!this.routes) return;
-      this.routes = _.result(this, 'routes');
-      var route, routes = _.keys(this.routes);
-      while ((route = routes.pop()) != null) {
-        this.route(route, this.routes[route]);
-      }
-    },
-
-    // Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching
-    // against the current location hash.
-    _routeToRegExp: function(route) {
-      route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&')
-                   .replace(optionalParam, '(?:$1)?')
-                   .replace(namedParam, function(match, optional) {
-                     return optional ? match : '([^/?]+)';
-                   })
-                   .replace(splatParam, '([^?]*?)');
-      return new RegExp('^' + route + '(?:\\?([\\s\\S]*))?$');
-    },
-
-    // Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of
-    // extracted decoded parameters. Empty or unmatched parameters will be
-    // treated as `null` to normalize cross-browser behavior.
-    _extractParameters: function(route, fragment) {
-      var params = route.exec(fragment).slice(1);
-      return _.map(params, function(param, i) {
-        // Don't decode the search params.
-        if (i === params.length - 1) return param || null;
-        return param ? decodeURIComponent(param) : null;
-      });
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Backbone.History
-  // ----------------
-
-  // Handles cross-browser history management, based on either
-  // [pushState](http://diveintohtml5.info/history.html) and real URLs, or
-  // [onhashchange](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/window.onhashchange)
-  // and URL fragments. If the browser supports neither (old IE, natch),
-  // falls back to polling.
-  var History = Backbone.History = function() {
-    this.handlers = [];
-    this.checkUrl = _.bind(this.checkUrl, this);
-
-    // Ensure that `History` can be used outside of the browser.
-    if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-      this.location = window.location;
-      this.history = window.history;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping a leading hash/slash and trailing space.
-  var routeStripper = /^[#\/]|\s+$/g;
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping leading and trailing slashes.
-  var rootStripper = /^\/+|\/+$/g;
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping urls of hash.
-  var pathStripper = /#.*$/;
-
-  // Has the history handling already been started?
-  History.started = false;
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.History** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(History.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is
-    // twenty times a second.
-    interval: 50,
-
-    // Are we at the app root?
-    atRoot: function() {
-      var path = this.location.pathname.replace(/[^\/]$/, '$&/');
-      return path === this.root && !this.getSearch();
-    },
-
-    // Does the pathname match the root?
-    matchRoot: function() {
-      var path = this.decodeFragment(this.location.pathname);
-      var rootPath = path.slice(0, this.root.length - 1) + '/';
-      return rootPath === this.root;
-    },
-
-    // Unicode characters in `location.pathname` are percent encoded so they're
-    // decoded for comparison. `%25` should not be decoded since it may be part
-    // of an encoded parameter.
-    decodeFragment: function(fragment) {
-      return decodeURI(fragment.replace(/%25/g, '%2525'));
-    },
-
-    // In IE6, the hash fragment and search params are incorrect if the
-    // fragment contains `?`.
-    getSearch: function() {
-      var match = this.location.href.replace(/#.*/, '').match(/\?.+/);
-      return match ? match[0] : '';
-    },
-
-    // Gets the true hash value. Cannot use location.hash directly due to bug
-    // in Firefox where location.hash will always be decoded.
-    getHash: function(window) {
-      var match = (window || this).location.href.match(/#(.*)$/);
-      return match ? match[1] : '';
-    },
-
-    // Get the pathname and search params, without the root.
-    getPath: function() {
-      var path = this.decodeFragment(
-        this.location.pathname + this.getSearch()
-      ).slice(this.root.length - 1);
-      return path.charAt(0) === '/' ? path.slice(1) : path;
-    },
-
-    // Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment from the path or hash.
-    getFragment: function(fragment) {
-      if (fragment == null) {
-        if (this._usePushState || !this._wantsHashChange) {
-          fragment = this.getPath();
-        } else {
-          fragment = this.getHash();
-        }
-      }
-      return fragment.replace(routeStripper, '');
-    },
-
-    // Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches
-    // an existing route, and `false` otherwise.
-    start: function(options) {
-      if (History.started) throw new Error('Backbone.history has already been started');
-      History.started = true;
-
-      // Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe?
-      // Is pushState desired ... is it available?
-      this.options          = _.extend({root: '/'}, this.options, options);
-      this.root             = this.options.root;
-      this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false;
-      this._hasHashChange   = 'onhashchange' in window && (document.documentMode === void 0 || document.documentMode > 7);
-      this._useHashChange   = this._wantsHashChange && this._hasHashChange;
-      this._wantsPushState  = !!this.options.pushState;
-      this._hasPushState    = !!(this.history && this.history.pushState);
-      this._usePushState    = this._wantsPushState && this._hasPushState;
-      this.fragment         = this.getFragment();
-
-      // Normalize root to always include a leading and trailing slash.
-      this.root = ('/' + this.root + '/').replace(rootStripper, '/');
-
-      // Transition from hashChange to pushState or vice versa if both are
-      // requested.
-      if (this._wantsHashChange && this._wantsPushState) {
-
-        // If we've started off with a route from a `pushState`-enabled
-        // browser, but we're currently in a browser that doesn't support it...
-        if (!this._hasPushState && !this.atRoot()) {
-          var rootPath = this.root.slice(0, -1) || '/';
-          this.location.replace(rootPath + '#' + this.getPath());
-          // Return immediately as browser will do redirect to new url
-          return true;
-
-        // Or if we've started out with a hash-based route, but we're currently
-        // in a browser where it could be `pushState`-based instead...
-        } else if (this._hasPushState && this.atRoot()) {
-          this.navigate(this.getHash(), {replace: true});
-        }
-
-      }
-
-      // Proxy an iframe to handle location events if the browser doesn't
-      // support the `hashchange` event, HTML5 history, or the user wants
-      // `hashChange` but not `pushState`.
-      if (!this._hasHashChange && this._wantsHashChange && !this._usePushState) {
-        this.iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
-        this.iframe.src = 'javascript:0';
-        this.iframe.style.display = 'none';
-        this.iframe.tabIndex = -1;
-        var body = document.body;
-        // Using `appendChild` will throw on IE < 9 if the document is not ready.
-        var iWindow = body.insertBefore(this.iframe, body.firstChild).contentWindow;
-        iWindow.document.open();
-        iWindow.document.close();
-        iWindow.location.hash = '#' + this.fragment;
-      }
-
-      // Add a cross-platform `addEventListener` shim for older browsers.
-      var addEventListener = window.addEventListener || function(eventName, listener) {
-        return attachEvent('on' + eventName, listener);
-      };
-
-      // Depending on whether we're using pushState or hashes, and whether
-      // 'onhashchange' is supported, determine how we check the URL state.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        addEventListener('popstate', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._useHashChange && !this.iframe) {
-        addEventListener('hashchange', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
-        this._checkUrlInterval = setInterval(this.checkUrl, this.interval);
-      }
-
-      if (!this.options.silent) return this.loadUrl();
-    },
-
-    // Disable Backbone.history, perhaps temporarily. Not useful in a real app,
-    // but possibly useful for unit testing Routers.
-    stop: function() {
-      // Add a cross-platform `removeEventListener` shim for older browsers.
-      var removeEventListener = window.removeEventListener || function(eventName, listener) {
-        return detachEvent('on' + eventName, listener);
-      };
-
-      // Remove window listeners.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        removeEventListener('popstate', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._useHashChange && !this.iframe) {
-        removeEventListener('hashchange', this.checkUrl, false);
-      }
-
-      // Clean up the iframe if necessary.
-      if (this.iframe) {
-        document.body.removeChild(this.iframe);
-        this.iframe = null;
-      }
-
-      // Some environments will throw when clearing an undefined interval.
-      if (this._checkUrlInterval) clearInterval(this._checkUrlInterval);
-      History.started = false;
-    },
-
-    // Add a route to be tested when the fragment changes. Routes added later
-    // may override previous routes.
-    route: function(route, callback) {
-      this.handlers.unshift({route: route, callback: callback});
-    },
-
-    // Checks the current URL to see if it has changed, and if it has,
-    // calls `loadUrl`, normalizing across the hidden iframe.
-    checkUrl: function(e) {
-      var current = this.getFragment();
-
-      // If the user pressed the back button, the iframe's hash will have
-      // changed and we should use that for comparison.
-      if (current === this.fragment && this.iframe) {
-        current = this.getHash(this.iframe.contentWindow);
-      }
-
-      if (current === this.fragment) return false;
-      if (this.iframe) this.navigate(current);
-      this.loadUrl();
-    },
-
-    // Attempt to load the current URL fragment. If a route succeeds with a
-    // match, returns `true`. If no defined routes matches the fragment,
-    // returns `false`.
-    loadUrl: function(fragment) {
-      // If the root doesn't match, no routes can match either.
-      if (!this.matchRoot()) return false;
-      fragment = this.fragment = this.getFragment(fragment);
-      return _.some(this.handlers, function(handler) {
-        if (handler.route.test(fragment)) {
-          handler.callback(fragment);
-          return true;
-        }
-      });
-    },
-
-    // Save a fragment into the hash history, or replace the URL state if the
-    // 'replace' option is passed. You are responsible for properly URL-encoding
-    // the fragment in advance.
-    //
-    // The options object can contain `trigger: true` if you wish to have the
-    // route callback be fired (not usually desirable), or `replace: true`, if
-    // you wish to modify the current URL without adding an entry to the history.
-    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
-      if (!History.started) return false;
-      if (!options || options === true) options = {trigger: !!options};
-
-      // Normalize the fragment.
-      fragment = this.getFragment(fragment || '');
-
-      // Don't include a trailing slash on the root.
-      var rootPath = this.root;
-      if (fragment === '' || fragment.charAt(0) === '?') {
-        rootPath = rootPath.slice(0, -1) || '/';
-      }
-      var url = rootPath + fragment;
-
-      // Strip the hash and decode for matching.
-      fragment = this.decodeFragment(fragment.replace(pathStripper, ''));
-
-      if (this.fragment === fragment) return;
-      this.fragment = fragment;
-
-      // If pushState is available, we use it to set the fragment as a real URL.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        this.history[options.replace ? 'replaceState' : 'pushState']({}, document.title, url);
-
-      // If hash changes haven't been explicitly disabled, update the hash
-      // fragment to store history.
-      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
-        this._updateHash(this.location, fragment, options.replace);
-        if (this.iframe && fragment !== this.getHash(this.iframe.contentWindow)) {
-          var iWindow = this.iframe.contentWindow;
-
-          // Opening and closing the iframe tricks IE7 and earlier to push a
-          // history entry on hash-tag change.  When replace is true, we don't
-          // want this.
-          if (!options.replace) {
-            iWindow.document.open();
-            iWindow.document.close();
-          }
-
-          this._updateHash(iWindow.location, fragment, options.replace);
-        }
-
-      // If you've told us that you explicitly don't want fallback hashchange-
-      // based history, then `navigate` becomes a page refresh.
-      } else {
-        return this.location.assign(url);
-      }
-      if (options.trigger) return this.loadUrl(fragment);
-    },
-
-    // Update the hash location, either replacing the current entry, or adding
-    // a new one to the browser history.
-    _updateHash: function(location, fragment, replace) {
-      if (replace) {
-        var href = location.href.replace(/(javascript:|#).*$/, '');
-        location.replace(href + '#' + fragment);
-      } else {
-        // Some browsers require that `hash` contains a leading #.
-        location.hash = '#' + fragment;
-      }
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Create the default Backbone.history.
-  Backbone.history = new History;
-
-  // Helpers
-  // -------
-
-  // Helper function to correctly set up the prototype chain for subclasses.
-  // Similar to `goog.inherits`, but uses a hash of prototype properties and
-  // class properties to be extended.
-  var extend = function(protoProps, staticProps) {
-    var parent = this;
-    var child;
-
-    // The constructor function for the new subclass is either defined by you
-    // (the "constructor" property in your `extend` definition), or defaulted
-    // by us to simply call the parent constructor.
-    if (protoProps && _.has(protoProps, 'constructor')) {
-      child = protoProps.constructor;
-    } else {
-      child = function(){ return parent.apply(this, arguments); };
-    }
-
-    // Add static properties to the constructor function, if supplied.
-    _.extend(child, parent, staticProps);
-
-    // Set the prototype chain to inherit from `parent`, without calling
-    // `parent`'s constructor function and add the prototype properties.
-    child.prototype = _.create(parent.prototype, protoProps);
-    child.prototype.constructor = child;
-
-    // Set a convenience property in case the parent's prototype is needed
-    // later.
-    child.__super__ = parent.prototype;
-
-    return child;
-  };
-
-  // Set up inheritance for the model, collection, router, view and history.
-  Model.extend = Collection.extend = Router.extend = View.extend = History.extend = extend;
-
-  // Throw an error when a URL is needed, and none is supplied.
-  var urlError = function() {
-    throw new Error('A "url" property or function must be specified');
-  };
-
-  // Wrap an optional error callback with a fallback error event.
-  var wrapError = function(model, options) {
-    var error = options.error;
-    options.error = function(resp) {
-      if (error) error.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-      model.trigger('error', model, resp, options);
-    };
-  };
-
-  return Backbone;
-});
\ No newline at end of file