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Posted to commits@spark.apache.org by gu...@apache.org on 2021/04/13 02:23:19 UTC

[spark] branch master updated: [SPARK-35031][PYTHON] Port Koalas operations on different frames tests into PySpark

This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

gurwls223 pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/spark.git


The following commit(s) were added to refs/heads/master by this push:
     new 9c1f807  [SPARK-35031][PYTHON] Port Koalas operations on different frames tests into PySpark
9c1f807 is described below

commit 9c1f807549b3c8cafcc6f16a42935b9c32a65855
Author: Xinrong Meng <xi...@databricks.com>
AuthorDate: Tue Apr 13 11:22:51 2021 +0900

    [SPARK-35031][PYTHON] Port Koalas operations on different frames tests into PySpark
    
    ### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
    Now that we merged the Koalas main code into the PySpark code base (#32036), we should port the Koalas operations on different frames unit tests to PySpark.
    
    ### Why are the changes needed?
    Currently, the pandas-on-Spark modules are not tested fully. We should enable the operations on different frames unit tests.
    
    ### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
    No.
    
    ### How was this patch tested?
    Enable operations on different frames unit tests.
    
    Closes #32133 from xinrong-databricks/port.test_ops_on_diff_frames.
    
    Authored-by: Xinrong Meng <xi...@databricks.com>
    Signed-off-by: HyukjinKwon <gu...@apache.org>
---
 dev/sparktestsupport/modules.py                    |    4 +
 .../pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames.py        | 1962 ++++++++++++++++++++
 .../tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby.py       |  613 ++++++
 .../test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_expanding.py   |  134 ++
 .../test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_rolling.py     |   97 +
 5 files changed, 2810 insertions(+)

diff --git a/dev/sparktestsupport/modules.py b/dev/sparktestsupport/modules.py
index ab60939..d4b8aea 100644
--- a/dev/sparktestsupport/modules.py
+++ b/dev/sparktestsupport/modules.py
@@ -612,6 +612,10 @@ pyspark_pandas = Module(
         "pyspark.pandas.typedef.typehints",
         # unittests
         "pyspark.pandas.tests.test_dataframe",
+        "pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames",
+        "pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby",
+        "pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_expanding",
+        "pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_rolling",
     ],
     excluded_python_implementations=[
         "PyPy"  # Skip these tests under PyPy since they require numpy, pandas, and pyarrow and
diff --git a/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames.py b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9070b5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1962 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+from distutils.version import LooseVersion
+from itertools import product
+import unittest
+
+import pandas as pd
+import numpy as np
+
+import pyspark
+
+from pyspark import pandas as ps
+from pyspark.pandas.config import set_option, reset_option
+from pyspark.pandas.frame import DataFrame
+from pyspark.pandas.testing.utils import ReusedSQLTestCase, SQLTestUtils
+from pyspark.pandas.typedef.typehints import (
+    extension_dtypes,
+    extension_dtypes_available,
+    extension_float_dtypes_available,
+    extension_object_dtypes_available,
+)
+
+
+class OpsOnDiffFramesEnabledTest(ReusedSQLTestCase, SQLTestUtils):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        set_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames", True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        reset_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames")
+        super().tearDownClass()
+
+    @property
+    def pdf1(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], "b": [4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0]},
+            index=[0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11],
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def pdf2(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1], "b": [0, 0, 0, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3]},
+            index=list(range(9)),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def pdf3(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {"b": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], "c": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]},
+            index=list(range(9)),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def pdf4(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {"e": [2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2], "f": [2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]},
+            index=list(range(9)),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def pdf5(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
+                "b": [4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0],
+                "c": [4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0],
+            },
+            index=[0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11],
+        ).set_index(["a", "b"])
+
+    @property
+    def pdf6(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1],
+                "b": [0, 0, 0, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3],
+                "c": [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1],
+                "e": [4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0],
+            },
+            index=list(range(9)),
+        ).set_index(["a", "b"])
+
+    @property
+    def pser1(self):
+        midx = pd.MultiIndex(
+            [["lama", "cow", "falcon", "koala"], ["speed", "weight", "length", "power"]],
+            [[0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [0, 2, 0, 3, 2, 0, 1, 3]],
+        )
+        return pd.Series([45, 200, 1.2, 30, 250, 1.5, 320, 1], index=midx)
+
+    @property
+    def pser2(self):
+        midx = pd.MultiIndex(
+            [["lama", "cow", "falcon"], ["speed", "weight", "length"]],
+            [[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]],
+        )
+        return pd.Series([-45, 200, -1.2, 30, -250, 1.5, 320, 1, -0.3], index=midx)
+
+    @property
+    def pser3(self):
+        midx = pd.MultiIndex(
+            [["koalas", "cow", "falcon"], ["speed", "weight", "length"]],
+            [[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1]],
+        )
+        return pd.Series([45, 200, 1.2, 30, 250, 1.5, 320, 1, 0.3], index=midx)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf1(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf2(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf2)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf3(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf3)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf4(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf4)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf5(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf5)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf6(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf6)
+
+    @property
+    def kser1(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pser1)
+
+    @property
+    def kser2(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pser2)
+
+    @property
+    def kser3(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pser3)
+
+    def test_ranges(self):
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (ps.range(10) + ps.range(10)).sort_index(),
+            (
+                ps.DataFrame({"id": list(range(10))}) + ps.DataFrame({"id": list(range(10))})
+            ).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_no_matched_index(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Index names must be exactly matched"):
+            ps.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3]}).set_index("a") + ps.DataFrame(
+                {"b": [1, 2, 3]}
+            ).set_index("b")
+
+    def test_arithmetic(self):
+        self._test_arithmetic_frame(self.pdf1, self.pdf2, check_extension=False)
+        self._test_arithmetic_series(self.pser1, self.pser2, check_extension=False)
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(not extension_dtypes_available, "pandas extension dtypes are not available")
+    def test_arithmetic_extension_dtypes(self):
+        self._test_arithmetic_frame(
+            self.pdf1.astype("Int64"), self.pdf2.astype("Int64"), check_extension=True
+        )
+        self._test_arithmetic_series(
+            self.pser1.astype(int).astype("Int64"),
+            self.pser2.astype(int).astype("Int64"),
+            check_extension=True,
+        )
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(
+        not extension_float_dtypes_available, "pandas extension float dtypes are not available"
+    )
+    def test_arithmetic_extension_float_dtypes(self):
+        self._test_arithmetic_frame(
+            self.pdf1.astype("Float64"), self.pdf2.astype("Float64"), check_extension=True
+        )
+        self._test_arithmetic_series(
+            self.pser1.astype("Float64"), self.pser2.astype("Float64"), check_extension=True
+        )
+
+    def _test_arithmetic_frame(self, pdf1, pdf2, *, check_extension):
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        def assert_eq(actual, expected):
+            if LooseVersion("1.1") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.2.2"):
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected, check_exact=not check_extension)
+                if check_extension:
+                    if isinstance(actual, DataFrame):
+                        for dtype in actual.dtypes:
+                            self.assertTrue(isinstance(dtype, extension_dtypes))
+                    else:
+                        self.assertTrue(isinstance(actual.dtype, extension_dtypes))
+            else:
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected)
+
+        # Series
+        assert_eq((kdf1.a - kdf2.b).sort_index(), (pdf1.a - pdf2.b).sort_index())
+
+        assert_eq((kdf1.a * kdf2.a).sort_index(), (pdf1.a * pdf2.a).sort_index())
+
+        if check_extension and not extension_float_dtypes_available:
+            self.assert_eq(
+                (kdf1["a"] / kdf2["a"]).sort_index(), (pdf1["a"] / pdf2["a"]).sort_index()
+            )
+        else:
+            assert_eq((kdf1["a"] / kdf2["a"]).sort_index(), (pdf1["a"] / pdf2["a"]).sort_index())
+
+        # DataFrame
+        assert_eq((kdf1 + kdf2).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf2).sort_index())
+
+        # Multi-index columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("x", "a"), ("x", "b")])
+        kdf1.columns = columns
+        kdf2.columns = columns
+        pdf1.columns = columns
+        pdf2.columns = columns
+
+        # Series
+        assert_eq(
+            (kdf1[("x", "a")] - kdf2[("x", "b")]).sort_index(),
+            (pdf1[("x", "a")] - pdf2[("x", "b")]).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        assert_eq(
+            (kdf1[("x", "a")] - kdf2["x"]["b"]).sort_index(),
+            (pdf1[("x", "a")] - pdf2["x"]["b"]).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        assert_eq(
+            (kdf1["x"]["a"] - kdf2[("x", "b")]).sort_index(),
+            (pdf1["x"]["a"] - pdf2[("x", "b")]).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        # DataFrame
+        assert_eq((kdf1 + kdf2).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf2).sort_index())
+
+    def _test_arithmetic_series(self, pser1, pser2, *, check_extension):
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        def assert_eq(actual, expected):
+            if LooseVersion("1.1") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.2.2"):
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected, check_exact=not check_extension)
+                if check_extension:
+                    self.assertTrue(isinstance(actual.dtype, extension_dtypes))
+            else:
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected)
+
+        # MultiIndex Series
+        assert_eq((kser1 + kser2).sort_index(), (pser1 + pser2).sort_index())
+
+        assert_eq((kser1 - kser2).sort_index(), (pser1 - pser2).sort_index())
+
+        assert_eq((kser1 * kser2).sort_index(), (pser1 * pser2).sort_index())
+
+        if check_extension and not extension_float_dtypes_available:
+            self.assert_eq((kser1 / kser2).sort_index(), (pser1 / pser2).sort_index())
+        else:
+            assert_eq((kser1 / kser2).sort_index(), (pser1 / pser2).sort_index())
+
+    def test_arithmetic_chain(self):
+        self._test_arithmetic_chain_frame(self.pdf1, self.pdf2, self.pdf3, check_extension=False)
+        self._test_arithmetic_chain_series(
+            self.pser1, self.pser2, self.pser3, check_extension=False
+        )
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(not extension_dtypes_available, "pandas extension dtypes are not available")
+    def test_arithmetic_chain_extension_dtypes(self):
+        self._test_arithmetic_chain_frame(
+            self.pdf1.astype("Int64"),
+            self.pdf2.astype("Int64"),
+            self.pdf3.astype("Int64"),
+            check_extension=True,
+        )
+        self._test_arithmetic_chain_series(
+            self.pser1.astype(int).astype("Int64"),
+            self.pser2.astype(int).astype("Int64"),
+            self.pser3.astype(int).astype("Int64"),
+            check_extension=True,
+        )
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(
+        not extension_float_dtypes_available, "pandas extension float dtypes are not available"
+    )
+    def test_arithmetic_chain_extension_float_dtypes(self):
+        self._test_arithmetic_chain_frame(
+            self.pdf1.astype("Float64"),
+            self.pdf2.astype("Float64"),
+            self.pdf3.astype("Float64"),
+            check_extension=True,
+        )
+        self._test_arithmetic_chain_series(
+            self.pser1.astype("Float64"),
+            self.pser2.astype("Float64"),
+            self.pser3.astype("Float64"),
+            check_extension=True,
+        )
+
+    def _test_arithmetic_chain_frame(self, pdf1, pdf2, pdf3, *, check_extension):
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+        kdf3 = ps.from_pandas(pdf3)
+
+        common_columns = set(kdf1.columns).intersection(kdf2.columns).intersection(kdf3.columns)
+
+        def assert_eq(actual, expected):
+            if LooseVersion("1.1") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.2.2"):
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected, check_exact=not check_extension)
+                if check_extension:
+                    if isinstance(actual, DataFrame):
+                        for column, dtype in zip(actual.columns, actual.dtypes):
+                            if column in common_columns:
+                                self.assertTrue(isinstance(dtype, extension_dtypes))
+                            else:
+                                self.assertFalse(isinstance(dtype, extension_dtypes))
+                    else:
+                        self.assertTrue(isinstance(actual.dtype, extension_dtypes))
+            else:
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected)
+
+        # Series
+        assert_eq((kdf1.a - kdf2.b - kdf3.c).sort_index(), (pdf1.a - pdf2.b - pdf3.c).sort_index())
+
+        assert_eq(
+            (kdf1.a * (kdf2.a * kdf3.c)).sort_index(), (pdf1.a * (pdf2.a * pdf3.c)).sort_index()
+        )
+
+        if check_extension and not extension_float_dtypes_available:
+            self.assert_eq(
+                (kdf1["a"] / kdf2["a"] / kdf3["c"]).sort_index(),
+                (pdf1["a"] / pdf2["a"] / pdf3["c"]).sort_index(),
+            )
+        else:
+            assert_eq(
+                (kdf1["a"] / kdf2["a"] / kdf3["c"]).sort_index(),
+                (pdf1["a"] / pdf2["a"] / pdf3["c"]).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+        # DataFrame
+        if check_extension and (
+            LooseVersion("1.0") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.1")
+        ):
+            self.assert_eq(
+                (kdf1 + kdf2 - kdf3).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf2 - pdf3).sort_index(), almost=True
+            )
+        else:
+            assert_eq((kdf1 + kdf2 - kdf3).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf2 - pdf3).sort_index())
+
+        # Multi-index columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("x", "a"), ("x", "b")])
+        kdf1.columns = columns
+        kdf2.columns = columns
+        pdf1.columns = columns
+        pdf2.columns = columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("x", "b"), ("y", "c")])
+        kdf3.columns = columns
+        pdf3.columns = columns
+
+        common_columns = set(kdf1.columns).intersection(kdf2.columns).intersection(kdf3.columns)
+
+        # Series
+        assert_eq(
+            (kdf1[("x", "a")] - kdf2[("x", "b")] - kdf3[("y", "c")]).sort_index(),
+            (pdf1[("x", "a")] - pdf2[("x", "b")] - pdf3[("y", "c")]).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        assert_eq(
+            (kdf1[("x", "a")] * (kdf2[("x", "b")] * kdf3[("y", "c")])).sort_index(),
+            (pdf1[("x", "a")] * (pdf2[("x", "b")] * pdf3[("y", "c")])).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        # DataFrame
+        if check_extension and (
+            LooseVersion("1.0") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.1")
+        ):
+            self.assert_eq(
+                (kdf1 + kdf2 - kdf3).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf2 - pdf3).sort_index(), almost=True
+            )
+        else:
+            assert_eq((kdf1 + kdf2 - kdf3).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf2 - pdf3).sort_index())
+
+    def _test_arithmetic_chain_series(self, pser1, pser2, pser3, *, check_extension):
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+        kser3 = ps.from_pandas(pser3)
+
+        def assert_eq(actual, expected):
+            if LooseVersion("1.1") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.2.2"):
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected, check_exact=not check_extension)
+                if check_extension:
+                    self.assertTrue(isinstance(actual.dtype, extension_dtypes))
+            else:
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected)
+
+        # MultiIndex Series
+        assert_eq((kser1 + kser2 - kser3).sort_index(), (pser1 + pser2 - pser3).sort_index())
+
+        assert_eq((kser1 * kser2 * kser3).sort_index(), (pser1 * pser2 * pser3).sort_index())
+
+        if check_extension and not extension_float_dtypes_available:
+            if LooseVersion(pd.__version__) >= LooseVersion("1.0"):
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    (kser1 - kser2 / kser3).sort_index(), (pser1 - pser2 / pser3).sort_index()
+                )
+            else:
+                expected = pd.Series(
+                    [249.0, np.nan, 0.0, 0.88, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, -np.inf]
+                    + [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan],
+                    index=pd.MultiIndex(
+                        [
+                            ["cow", "falcon", "koala", "koalas", "lama"],
+                            ["length", "power", "speed", "weight"],
+                        ],
+                        [
+                            [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4],
+                            [0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 3, 3, 0, 2, 3],
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq((kser1 - kser2 / kser3).sort_index(), expected)
+        else:
+            assert_eq((kser1 - kser2 / kser3).sort_index(), (pser1 - pser2 / pser3).sort_index())
+
+        assert_eq((kser1 + kser2 * kser3).sort_index(), (pser1 + pser2 * pser3).sort_index())
+
+    def test_mod(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([100, None, -300, None, 500, -700])
+        pser_other = pd.Series([-150] * 6)
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        kser_other = ps.from_pandas(pser_other)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kser.mod(kser_other).sort_index(), pser.mod(pser_other))
+        self.assert_eq(kser.mod(kser_other).sort_index(), pser.mod(pser_other))
+        self.assert_eq(kser.mod(kser_other).sort_index(), pser.mod(pser_other))
+
+    def test_rmod(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([100, None, -300, None, 500, -700])
+        pser_other = pd.Series([-150] * 6)
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        kser_other = ps.from_pandas(pser_other)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kser.rmod(kser_other).sort_index(), pser.rmod(pser_other))
+        self.assert_eq(kser.rmod(kser_other).sort_index(), pser.rmod(pser_other))
+        self.assert_eq(kser.rmod(kser_other).sort_index(), pser.rmod(pser_other))
+
+    def test_getitem_boolean_series(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"A": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "B": [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]}, index=[20, 10, 30, 0, 50]
+        )
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"A": [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]},
+            index=[0, 30, 10, 20, 50],
+        )
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1[pdf2.A > -3].sort_index(), kdf1[kdf2.A > -3].sort_index())
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.A[pdf2.A > -3].sort_index(), kdf1.A[kdf2.A > -3].sort_index())
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (pdf1.A + 1)[pdf2.A > -3].sort_index(), (kdf1.A + 1)[kdf2.A > -3].sort_index()
+        )
+
+    def test_loc_getitem_boolean_series(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"A": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "B": [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]}, index=[20, 10, 30, 0, 50]
+        )
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"A": [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]},
+            index=[20, 10, 30, 0, 50],
+        )
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.loc[pdf2.A > -3].sort_index(), kdf1.loc[kdf2.A > -3].sort_index())
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.A.loc[pdf2.A > -3].sort_index(), kdf1.A.loc[kdf2.A > -3].sort_index())
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (pdf1.A + 1).loc[pdf2.A > -3].sort_index(), (kdf1.A + 1).loc[kdf2.A > -3].sort_index()
+        )
+
+    def test_bitwise(self):
+        pser1 = pd.Series([True, False, True, False, np.nan, np.nan, True, False, np.nan])
+        pser2 = pd.Series([True, False, False, True, True, False, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan])
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pser1 | pser2, (kser1 | kser2).sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(pser1 & pser2, (kser1 & kser2).sort_index())
+
+        pser1 = pd.Series([True, False, np.nan], index=list("ABC"))
+        pser2 = pd.Series([False, True, np.nan], index=list("DEF"))
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pser1 | pser2, (kser1 | kser2).sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(pser1 & pser2, (kser1 & kser2).sort_index())
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(
+        not extension_object_dtypes_available, "pandas extension object dtypes are not available"
+    )
+    def test_bitwise_extension_dtype(self):
+        def assert_eq(actual, expected):
+            if LooseVersion("1.1") <= LooseVersion(pd.__version__) < LooseVersion("1.2.2"):
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected, check_exact=False)
+                self.assertTrue(isinstance(actual.dtype, extension_dtypes))
+            else:
+                self.assert_eq(actual, expected)
+
+        pser1 = pd.Series(
+            [True, False, True, False, np.nan, np.nan, True, False, np.nan], dtype="boolean"
+        )
+        pser2 = pd.Series(
+            [True, False, False, True, True, False, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan], dtype="boolean"
+        )
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        assert_eq((kser1 | kser2).sort_index(), pser1 | pser2)
+        assert_eq((kser1 & kser2).sort_index(), pser1 & pser2)
+
+        pser1 = pd.Series([True, False, np.nan], index=list("ABC"), dtype="boolean")
+        pser2 = pd.Series([False, True, np.nan], index=list("DEF"), dtype="boolean")
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        # a pandas bug?
+        # assert_eq((kser1 | kser2).sort_index(), pser1 | pser2)
+        # assert_eq((kser1 & kser2).sort_index(), pser1 & pser2)
+        assert_eq(
+            (kser1 | kser2).sort_index(),
+            pd.Series([True, None, None, None, True, None], index=list("ABCDEF"), dtype="boolean"),
+        )
+        assert_eq(
+            (kser1 & kser2).sort_index(),
+            pd.Series(
+                [None, False, None, False, None, None], index=list("ABCDEF"), dtype="boolean"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_concat_column_axis(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 2, 4], "B": [1, 3, 5]}, index=[1, 2, 3])
+        pdf1.columns.names = ["AB"]
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"C": [1, 2, 3], "D": [4, 5, 6]}, index=[1, 3, 5])
+        pdf2.columns.names = ["CD"]
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        kdf3 = kdf1.copy()
+        kdf4 = kdf2.copy()
+        pdf3 = pdf1.copy()
+        pdf4 = pdf2.copy()
+
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("X", "A"), ("X", "B")], names=["X", "AB"])
+        pdf3.columns = columns
+        kdf3.columns = columns
+
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("X", "C"), ("X", "D")], names=["Y", "CD"])
+        pdf4.columns = columns
+        kdf4.columns = columns
+
+        pdf5 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 2, 4], "B": [1, 3, 5]}, index=[1, 2, 3])
+        pdf6 = pd.DataFrame({"C": [1, 2, 3]}, index=[1, 3, 5])
+        kdf5 = ps.from_pandas(pdf5)
+        kdf6 = ps.from_pandas(pdf6)
+
+        ignore_indexes = [True, False]
+        joins = ["inner", "outer"]
+
+        objs = [
+            ([kdf1.A, kdf2.C], [pdf1.A, pdf2.C]),
+            # TODO: ([kdf1, kdf2.C], [pdf1, pdf2.C]),
+            ([kdf1.A, kdf2], [pdf1.A, pdf2]),
+            ([kdf1.A, kdf2.C], [pdf1.A, pdf2.C]),
+            ([kdf3[("X", "A")], kdf4[("X", "C")]], [pdf3[("X", "A")], pdf4[("X", "C")]]),
+            ([kdf3, kdf4[("X", "C")]], [pdf3, pdf4[("X", "C")]]),
+            ([kdf3[("X", "A")], kdf4], [pdf3[("X", "A")], pdf4]),
+            ([kdf3, kdf4], [pdf3, pdf4]),
+            ([kdf5, kdf6], [pdf5, pdf6]),
+            ([kdf6, kdf5], [pdf6, pdf5]),
+        ]
+
+        for ignore_index, join in product(ignore_indexes, joins):
+            for i, (kdfs, pdfs) in enumerate(objs):
+                with self.subTest(ignore_index=ignore_index, join=join, pdfs=pdfs, pair=i):
+                    actual = ps.concat(kdfs, axis=1, ignore_index=ignore_index, join=join)
+                    expected = pd.concat(pdfs, axis=1, ignore_index=ignore_index, join=join)
+                    self.assert_eq(
+                        repr(actual.sort_values(list(actual.columns)).reset_index(drop=True)),
+                        repr(expected.sort_values(list(expected.columns)).reset_index(drop=True)),
+                    )
+
+    def test_combine_first(self):
+        pser1 = pd.Series({"falcon": 330.0, "eagle": 160.0})
+        pser2 = pd.Series({"falcon": 345.0, "eagle": 200.0, "duck": 30.0})
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kser1.combine_first(kser2).sort_index(), pser1.combine_first(pser2).sort_index()
+        )
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "`combine_first` only allows `Series` for parameter `other`"
+        ):
+            kser1.combine_first(50)
+
+        kser1.name = ("X", "A")
+        kser2.name = ("Y", "B")
+        pser1.name = ("X", "A")
+        pser2.name = ("Y", "B")
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kser1.combine_first(kser2).sort_index(), pser1.combine_first(pser2).sort_index()
+        )
+
+        # MultiIndex
+        midx1 = pd.MultiIndex(
+            [["lama", "cow", "falcon", "koala"], ["speed", "weight", "length", "power"]],
+            [[0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [0, 2, 0, 3, 2, 0, 1, 3]],
+        )
+        midx2 = pd.MultiIndex(
+            [["lama", "cow", "falcon"], ["speed", "weight", "length"]],
+            [[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]],
+        )
+        pser1 = pd.Series([45, 200, 1.2, 30, 250, 1.5, 320, 1], index=midx1)
+        pser2 = pd.Series([-45, 200, -1.2, 30, -250, 1.5, 320, 1, -0.3], index=midx2)
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kser1.combine_first(kser2).sort_index(), pser1.combine_first(pser2).sort_index()
+        )
+
+        # Series come from same DataFrame
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "A": {"falcon": 330.0, "eagle": 160.0},
+                "B": {"falcon": 345.0, "eagle": 200.0, "duck": 30.0},
+            }
+        )
+        pser1 = pdf.A
+        pser2 = pdf.B
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kser1.combine_first(kser2).sort_index(), pser1.combine_first(pser2).sort_index()
+        )
+
+        kser1.name = ("X", "A")
+        kser2.name = ("Y", "B")
+        pser1.name = ("X", "A")
+        pser2.name = ("Y", "B")
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kser1.combine_first(kser2).sort_index(), pser1.combine_first(pser2).sort_index()
+        )
+
+    def test_insert(self):
+        #
+        # Basic DataFrame
+        #
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([1, 2, 3])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pd.Series([4, 5, 6])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        kdf.insert(1, "y", kser)
+        pdf.insert(1, "y", pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        #
+        # DataFrame with Index different from inserting Series'
+        #
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([1, 2, 3], index=[10, 20, 30])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pd.Series([4, 5, 6])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        kdf.insert(1, "y", kser)
+        pdf.insert(1, "y", pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        #
+        # DataFrame with Multi-index columns
+        #
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({("x", "a"): [1, 2, 3]})
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pd.Series([4, 5, 6])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({("x", "a", "b"): [1, 2, 3]})
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kdf.insert(0, "a", kser)
+        pdf.insert(0, "a", pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+        kdf.insert(0, ("b", "c", ""), kser)
+        pdf.insert(0, ("b", "c", ""), pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_compare(self):
+        if LooseVersion(pd.__version__) >= LooseVersion("1.1"):
+            pser1 = pd.Series(["b", "c", np.nan, "g", np.nan])
+            pser2 = pd.Series(["a", "c", np.nan, np.nan, "h"])
+            kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+            kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2).sort_index(), kser1.compare(kser2).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+            # `keep_shape=True`
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2, keep_shape=True).sort_index(),
+                kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_equal=True`
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+                kser1.compare(kser2, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_shape=True` and `keep_equal=True`
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2, keep_shape=True, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+                kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+            # MultiIndex
+            pser1.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("x", "k"), ("q", "l")]
+            )
+            pser2.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("x", "k"), ("q", "l")]
+            )
+            kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+            kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2).sort_index(), kser1.compare(kser2).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+            # `keep_shape=True` with MultiIndex
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2, keep_shape=True).sort_index(),
+                kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_equal=True` with MultiIndex
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+                kser1.compare(kser2, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_shape=True` and `keep_equal=True` with MultiIndex
+            self.assert_eq(
+                pser1.compare(pser2, keep_shape=True, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+                kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+        else:
+            kser1 = ps.Series(["b", "c", np.nan, "g", np.nan])
+            kser2 = ps.Series(["a", "c", np.nan, np.nan, "h"])
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], ["g", None], [None, "h"]], index=[0, 3, 4], columns=["self", "other"]
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(expected, kser1.compare(kser2).sort_index())
+
+            # `keep_shape=True`
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], [None, None], [None, None], ["g", None], [None, "h"]],
+                index=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
+                columns=["self", "other"],
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                expected, kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_equal=True`
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], ["g", None], [None, "h"]], index=[0, 3, 4], columns=["self", "other"]
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                expected, kser1.compare(kser2, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_shape=True` and `keep_equal=True`
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], ["c", "c"], [None, None], ["g", None], [None, "h"]],
+                index=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
+                columns=["self", "other"],
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                expected, kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+            # MultiIndex
+            kser1 = ps.Series(
+                ["b", "c", np.nan, "g", np.nan],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                    [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("x", "k"), ("q", "l")]
+                ),
+            )
+            kser2 = ps.Series(
+                ["a", "c", np.nan, np.nan, "h"],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                    [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("x", "k"), ("q", "l")]
+                ),
+            )
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], [None, "h"], ["g", None]],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "x"), ("q", "l"), ("x", "k")]),
+                columns=["self", "other"],
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(expected, kser1.compare(kser2).sort_index())
+
+            # `keep_shape=True`
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], [None, None], [None, None], [None, "h"], ["g", None]],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                    [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("q", "l"), ("x", "k")]
+                ),
+                columns=["self", "other"],
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                expected, kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_equal=True`
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], [None, "h"], ["g", None]],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "x"), ("q", "l"), ("x", "k")]),
+                columns=["self", "other"],
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                expected, kser1.compare(kser2, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+            # `keep_shape=True` and `keep_equal=True`
+            expected = ps.DataFrame(
+                [["b", "a"], ["c", "c"], [None, None], [None, "h"], ["g", None]],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                    [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("q", "l"), ("x", "k")]
+                ),
+                columns=["self", "other"],
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                expected, kser1.compare(kser2, keep_shape=True, keep_equal=True).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+        # Different Index
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "Can only compare identically-labeled Series objects"
+        ):
+            kser1 = ps.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=pd.Index([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]),)
+            kser2 = ps.Series([2, 2, 3, 4, 1], index=pd.Index([5, 4, 3, 2, 1]),)
+            kser1.compare(kser2)
+        # Different MultiIndex
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "Can only compare identically-labeled Series objects"
+        ):
+            kser1 = ps.Series(
+                [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                    [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "z"), ("x", "k"), ("q", "l")]
+                ),
+            )
+            kser2 = ps.Series(
+                [2, 2, 3, 4, 1],
+                index=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                    [("a", "x"), ("b", "y"), ("c", "a"), ("x", "k"), ("q", "l")]
+                ),
+            )
+            kser1.compare(kser2)
+
+    def test_different_columns(self):
+        kdf1 = self.kdf1
+        kdf4 = self.kdf4
+        pdf1 = self.pdf1
+        pdf4 = self.pdf4
+
+        self.assert_eq((kdf1 + kdf4).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf4).sort_index(), almost=True)
+
+        # Multi-index columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("x", "a"), ("x", "b")])
+        kdf1.columns = columns
+        pdf1.columns = columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("z", "e"), ("z", "f")])
+        kdf4.columns = columns
+        pdf4.columns = columns
+
+        self.assert_eq((kdf1 + kdf4).sort_index(), (pdf1 + pdf4).sort_index(), almost=True)
+
+    def test_assignment_series(self):
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kser = kdf.a
+        pser = pdf.a
+        kdf["a"] = self.kdf2.a
+        pdf["a"] = self.pdf2.a
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kser = kdf.a
+        pser = pdf.a
+        kdf["a"] = self.kdf2.b
+        pdf["a"] = self.pdf2.b
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kdf["c"] = self.kdf2.a
+        pdf["c"] = self.pdf2.a
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        # Multi-index columns
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("x", "a"), ("x", "b")])
+        kdf.columns = columns
+        pdf.columns = columns
+        kdf[("y", "c")] = self.kdf2.a
+        pdf[("y", "c")] = self.pdf2.a
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "Koalas": [0, 1, 2]}).set_index("Koalas", drop=False)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        kdf.index.name = None
+        kdf["NEW"] = ps.Series([100, 200, 300])
+
+        pdf.index.name = None
+        pdf["NEW"] = pd.Series([100, 200, 300])
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_assignment_frame(self):
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kser = kdf.a
+        pser = pdf.a
+        kdf[["a", "b"]] = self.kdf1
+        pdf[["a", "b"]] = self.pdf1
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+
+        # 'c' does not exist in `kdf`.
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kser = kdf.a
+        pser = pdf.a
+        kdf[["b", "c"]] = self.kdf1
+        pdf[["b", "c"]] = self.pdf1
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+
+        # 'c' and 'd' do not exist in `kdf`.
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kdf[["c", "d"]] = self.kdf1
+        pdf[["c", "d"]] = self.pdf1
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        # Multi-index columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("x", "a"), ("x", "b")])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kdf.columns = columns
+        pdf.columns = columns
+        kdf[[("y", "c"), ("z", "d")]] = self.kdf1
+        pdf[[("y", "c"), ("z", "d")]] = self.pdf1
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf1 = self.pdf1
+        kdf1.columns = columns
+        pdf1.columns = columns
+        kdf[["c", "d"]] = kdf1
+        pdf[["c", "d"]] = pdf1
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_assignment_series_chain(self):
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kdf["a"] = self.kdf1.a
+        pdf["a"] = self.pdf1.a
+
+        kdf["a"] = self.kdf2.b
+        pdf["a"] = self.pdf2.b
+
+        kdf["d"] = self.kdf3.c
+        pdf["d"] = self.pdf3.c
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_assignment_frame_chain(self):
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+        pdf = self.pdf1
+        kdf[["a", "b"]] = self.kdf1
+        pdf[["a", "b"]] = self.pdf1
+
+        kdf[["e", "f"]] = self.kdf3
+        pdf[["e", "f"]] = self.pdf3
+
+        kdf[["b", "c"]] = self.kdf2
+        pdf[["b", "c"]] = self.pdf2
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_multi_index_arithmetic(self):
+        kdf5 = self.kdf5
+        kdf6 = self.kdf6
+        pdf5 = self.pdf5
+        pdf6 = self.pdf6
+
+        # Series
+        self.assert_eq((kdf5.c - kdf6.e).sort_index(), (pdf5.c - pdf6.e).sort_index())
+
+        self.assert_eq((kdf5["c"] / kdf6["e"]).sort_index(), (pdf5["c"] / pdf6["e"]).sort_index())
+
+        # DataFrame
+        self.assert_eq((kdf5 + kdf6).sort_index(), (pdf5 + pdf6).sort_index(), almost=True)
+
+    def test_multi_index_assignment_series(self):
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf5)
+        pdf = self.pdf5
+        kdf["x"] = self.kdf6.e
+        pdf["x"] = self.pdf6.e
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf5)
+        pdf = self.pdf5
+        kdf["e"] = self.kdf6.e
+        pdf["e"] = self.pdf6.e
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf5)
+        pdf = self.pdf5
+        kdf["c"] = self.kdf6.e
+        pdf["c"] = self.pdf6.e
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_multi_index_assignment_frame(self):
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf5)
+        pdf = self.pdf5
+        kdf[["c"]] = self.kdf5
+        pdf[["c"]] = self.pdf5
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf5)
+        pdf = self.pdf5
+        kdf[["x"]] = self.kdf5
+        pdf[["x"]] = self.pdf5
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf6)
+        pdf = self.pdf6
+        kdf[["x", "y"]] = self.kdf6
+        pdf[["x", "y"]] = self.pdf6
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_frame_loc_setitem(self):
+        pdf_orig = pd.DataFrame(
+            [[1, 2], [4, 5], [7, 8]],
+            index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"],
+            columns=["max_speed", "shield"],
+        )
+        kdf_orig = ps.DataFrame(pdf_orig)
+
+        pdf = pdf_orig.copy()
+        kdf = kdf_orig.copy()
+        pser1 = pdf.max_speed
+        pser2 = pdf.shield
+        kser1 = kdf.max_speed
+        kser2 = kdf.shield
+
+        another_kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf_orig)
+
+        kdf.loc[["viper", "sidewinder"], ["shield"]] = -another_kdf.max_speed
+        pdf.loc[["viper", "sidewinder"], ["shield"]] = -pdf.max_speed
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser1, pser1)
+        self.assert_eq(kser2, pser2)
+
+        pdf = pdf_orig.copy()
+        kdf = kdf_orig.copy()
+        pser1 = pdf.max_speed
+        pser2 = pdf.shield
+        kser1 = kdf.max_speed
+        kser2 = kdf.shield
+        kdf.loc[another_kdf.max_speed < 5, ["shield"]] = -kdf.max_speed
+        pdf.loc[pdf.max_speed < 5, ["shield"]] = -pdf.max_speed
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser1, pser1)
+        self.assert_eq(kser2, pser2)
+
+        pdf = pdf_orig.copy()
+        kdf = kdf_orig.copy()
+        pser1 = pdf.max_speed
+        pser2 = pdf.shield
+        kser1 = kdf.max_speed
+        kser2 = kdf.shield
+        kdf.loc[another_kdf.max_speed < 5, ["shield"]] = -another_kdf.max_speed
+        pdf.loc[pdf.max_speed < 5, ["shield"]] = -pdf.max_speed
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser1, pser1)
+        self.assert_eq(kser2, pser2)
+
+    def test_frame_iloc_setitem(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            [[1, 2], [4, 5], [7, 8]],
+            index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"],
+            columns=["max_speed", "shield"],
+        )
+        kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+        another_kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+
+        kdf.iloc[[0, 1, 2], 1] = -another_kdf.max_speed
+        pdf.iloc[[0, 1, 2], 1] = -pdf.max_speed
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+
+        # TODO: matching the behavior with pandas 1.2 and uncomment below test
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "shape mismatch: value array of shape (3,) could not be broadcast to indexing "
+        #     "result of shape (2,1)",
+        # ):
+        #     kdf.iloc[[1, 2], [1]] = -another_kdf.max_speed
+
+        kdf.iloc[[0, 1, 2], 1] = 10 * another_kdf.max_speed
+        pdf.iloc[[0, 1, 2], 1] = 10 * pdf.max_speed
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+
+        # TODO: matching the behavior with pandas 1.2 and uncomment below test
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "shape mismatch: value array of shape (3,) could not be broadcast to indexing "
+        #     "result of shape (1,)",
+        # ):
+        #     kdf.iloc[[0], 1] = 10 * another_kdf.max_speed
+
+    def test_series_loc_setitem(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+
+        pser_another = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kser_another = ps.from_pandas(pser_another)
+
+        kser.loc[kser % 2 == 1] = -kser_another
+        pser.loc[pser % 2 == 1] = -pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+        kser.loc[kser_another % 2 == 1] = -kser
+        pser.loc[pser_another % 2 == 1] = -pser
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+        kser.loc[kser_another % 2 == 1] = -kser
+        pser.loc[pser_another % 2 == 1] = -pser
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+        kser.loc[kser_another % 2 == 1] = -kser_another
+        pser.loc[pser_another % 2 == 1] = -pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+        kser.loc[["viper", "sidewinder"]] = -kser_another
+        pser.loc[["viper", "sidewinder"]] = -pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+        kser.loc[kser_another % 2 == 1] = 10
+        pser.loc[pser_another % 2 == 1] = 10
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+    def test_series_iloc_setitem(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+
+        pser1 = pser + 1
+        kser1 = kser + 1
+
+        pser_another = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kser_another = ps.from_pandas(pser_another)
+
+        kser.iloc[[0, 1, 2]] = -kser_another
+        pser.iloc[[0, 1, 2]] = -pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        # TODO: matching the behavior with pandas 1.2 and uncomment below test.
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "cannot set using a list-like indexer with a different length than the value",
+        # ):
+        #     kser.iloc[[1, 2]] = -kser_another
+
+        kser.iloc[[0, 1, 2]] = 10 * kser_another
+        pser.iloc[[0, 1, 2]] = 10 * pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "cannot set using a list-like indexer with a different length than the value",
+        # ):
+        #     kser.iloc[[0]] = 10 * kser_another
+
+        kser1.iloc[[0, 1, 2]] = -kser_another
+        pser1.iloc[[0, 1, 2]] = -pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser1, pser1)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "cannot set using a list-like indexer with a different length than the value",
+        # ):
+        #     kser1.iloc[[1, 2]] = -kser_another
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pdf.x
+        psery = pdf.y
+        kser = kdf.x
+        ksery = kdf.y
+
+        piloc = pser.iloc
+        kiloc = kser.iloc
+
+        kiloc[[0, 1, 2]] = -kser_another
+        piloc[[0, 1, 2]] = -pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        # TODO: matching the behavior with pandas 1.2 and uncomment below test.
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "cannot set using a list-like indexer with a different length than the value",
+        # ):
+        #     kiloc[[1, 2]] = -kser_another
+
+        kiloc[[0, 1, 2]] = 10 * kser_another
+        piloc[[0, 1, 2]] = 10 * pser_another
+        self.assert_eq(kser, pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf, pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(ksery, psery)
+
+        # with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+        #     ValueError,
+        #     "cannot set using a list-like indexer with a different length than the value",
+        # ):
+        #     kiloc[[0]] = 10 * kser_another
+
+    def test_update(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [10, 20, 30]})
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pdf.x
+        kser = kdf.x
+        pser.update(pd.Series([4, 5, 6]))
+        kser.update(ps.Series([4, 5, 6]))
+        self.assert_eq(kser.sort_index(), pser.sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.sort_index(), pdf.sort_index())
+
+    def test_where(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "B": [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.where(pdf2 > 100), kdf1.where(kdf2 > 100).sort_index())
+
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-10, -20, -30, -40, -50], "B": [-5, -4, -3, -2, -1]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.where(pdf2 < -250), kdf1.where(kdf2 < -250).sort_index())
+
+        # multi-index columns
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({("X", "A"): [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], ("X", "B"): [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {("X", "A"): [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], ("X", "B"): [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]}
+        )
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.where(pdf2 > 100), kdf1.where(kdf2 > 100).sort_index())
+
+    def test_mask(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "B": [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.mask(pdf2 < 100), kdf1.mask(kdf2 < 100).sort_index())
+
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-10, -20, -30, -40, -50], "B": [-5, -4, -3, -2, -1]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.mask(pdf2 > -250), kdf1.mask(kdf2 > -250).sort_index())
+
+        # multi-index columns
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({("X", "A"): [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], ("X", "B"): [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {("X", "A"): [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], ("X", "B"): [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]}
+        )
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf1.mask(pdf2 < 100), kdf1.mask(kdf2 < 100).sort_index())
+
+    def test_multi_index_column_assignment_frame(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 2], "b": [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0]})
+        pdf.columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "x"), ("a", "y")])
+        kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+
+        kdf["c"] = ps.Series([10, 20, 30, 20])
+        pdf["c"] = pd.Series([10, 20, 30, 20])
+
+        kdf[("d", "x")] = ps.Series([100, 200, 300, 200], name="1")
+        pdf[("d", "x")] = pd.Series([100, 200, 300, 200], name="1")
+
+        kdf[("d", "y")] = ps.Series([1000, 2000, 3000, 2000], name=("1", "2"))
+        pdf[("d", "y")] = pd.Series([1000, 2000, 3000, 2000], name=("1", "2"))
+
+        kdf["e"] = ps.Series([10000, 20000, 30000, 20000], name=("1", "2", "3"))
+        pdf["e"] = pd.Series([10000, 20000, 30000, 20000], name=("1", "2", "3"))
+
+        kdf[[("f", "x"), ("f", "y")]] = ps.DataFrame(
+            {"1": [100000, 200000, 300000, 200000], "2": [1000000, 2000000, 3000000, 2000000]}
+        )
+        pdf[[("f", "x"), ("f", "y")]] = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"1": [100000, 200000, 300000, 200000], "2": [1000000, 2000000, 3000000, 2000000]}
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(repr(kdf.sort_index()), repr(pdf))
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(KeyError, "Key length \\(3\\) exceeds index depth \\(2\\)"):
+            kdf[("1", "2", "3")] = ps.Series([100, 200, 300, 200])
+
+    def test_series_dot(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([90, 91, 85], index=[2, 4, 1])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        pser_other = pd.Series([90, 91, 85], index=[2, 4, 1])
+        kser_other = ps.from_pandas(pser_other)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kser_other), pser.dot(pser_other))
+
+        kser_other = ps.Series([90, 91, 85], index=[1, 2, 4])
+        pser_other = pd.Series([90, 91, 85], index=[1, 2, 4])
+
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kser_other), pser.dot(pser_other))
+
+        # length of index is different
+        kser_other = ps.Series([90, 91, 85, 100], index=[2, 4, 1, 0])
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "matrices are not aligned"):
+            kser.dot(kser_other)
+
+        # for MultiIndex
+        midx = pd.MultiIndex(
+            [["lama", "cow", "falcon"], ["speed", "weight", "length"]],
+            [[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]],
+        )
+        pser = pd.Series([45, 200, 1.2, 30, 250, 1.5, 320, 1, 0.3], index=midx)
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        pser_other = pd.Series([-450, 20, 12, -30, -250, 15, -320, 100, 3], index=midx)
+        kser_other = ps.from_pandas(pser_other)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kser_other), pser.dot(pser_other))
+
+        pser = pd.Series([0, 1, 2, 3])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+
+        # DataFrame "other" without Index/MultiIndex as columns
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([[0, 1], [-2, 3], [4, -5], [6, 7]])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+
+        # DataFrame "other" with Index as columns
+        pdf.columns = pd.Index(["x", "y"])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+        pdf.columns = pd.Index(["x", "y"], name="cols_name")
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+
+        pdf = pdf.reindex([1, 0, 2, 3])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+
+        # DataFrame "other" with MultiIndex as columns
+        pdf.columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "x"), ("b", "y")])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+        pdf.columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+            [("a", "x"), ("b", "y")], names=["cols_name1", "cols_name2"]
+        )
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+
+        kser = ps.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": [4, 5, 6]}).b
+        pser = kser.to_pandas()
+        kdf = ps.DataFrame({"c": [7, 8, 9]})
+        pdf = kdf.to_pandas()
+        self.assert_eq(kser.dot(kdf), pser.dot(pdf))
+
+    def test_frame_dot(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([[0, 1, -2, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1]])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 1])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        # Index reorder
+        pser = pser.reindex([1, 0, 2, 3])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        # ser with name
+        pser.name = "ser"
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        # df with MultiIndex as column (ser with MultiIndex)
+        arrays = [[1, 1, 2, 2], ["red", "blue", "red", "blue"]]
+        pidx = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(arrays, names=("number", "color"))
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 1], index=pidx)
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([[0, 1, -2, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1]], columns=pidx)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        # df with Index as column (ser with Index)
+        pidx = pd.Index([1, 2, 3, 4], name="number")
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 1], index=pidx)
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([[0, 1, -2, -1], [1, 1, 1, 1]], columns=pidx)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        # df with Index
+        pdf.index = pd.Index(["x", "y"], name="char")
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        # df with MultiIndex
+        pdf.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([[1, 1], ["red", "blue"]], names=("number", "color"))
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kser), pdf.dot(pser))
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kdf[0]), pdf.dot(pdf[0]))
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.dot(kdf[0] * 10), pdf.dot(pdf[0] * 10))
+        self.assert_eq((kdf + 1).dot(kdf[0] * 10), (pdf + 1).dot(pdf[0] * 10))
+
+    def test_to_series_comparison(self):
+        kidx1 = ps.Index([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+        kidx2 = ps.Index([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+
+        self.assert_eq((kidx1.to_series() == kidx2.to_series()).all(), True)
+
+        kidx1.name = "koalas"
+        kidx2.name = "koalas"
+
+        self.assert_eq((kidx1.to_series() == kidx2.to_series()).all(), True)
+
+    def test_series_repeat(self):
+        pser1 = pd.Series(["a", "b", "c"], name="a")
+        pser2 = pd.Series([10, 20, 30], name="rep")
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        if LooseVersion(pyspark.__version__) < LooseVersion("2.4"):
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: kser1.repeat(kser2))
+        else:
+            self.assert_eq(kser1.repeat(kser2).sort_index(), pser1.repeat(pser2).sort_index())
+
+    def test_series_ops(self):
+        pser1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], name="x", index=[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17])
+        pser2 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], name="x", index=[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17])
+        pidx1 = pd.Index([10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16], name="x")
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+        kidx1 = ps.from_pandas(pidx1)
+
+        self.assert_eq((kser1 + 1 + 10 * kser2).sort_index(), (pser1 + 1 + 10 * pser2).sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (kser1 + 1 + 10 * kser2.rename()).sort_index(),
+            (pser1 + 1 + 10 * pser2.rename()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (kser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * kser2).sort_index(),
+            (pser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * pser2).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (kser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * kser2.rename()).sort_index(),
+            (pser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * pser2.rename()).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(kser1 + 1 + 10 * kidx1, pser1 + 1 + 10 * pidx1)
+        self.assert_eq(kser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * kidx1, pser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * pidx1)
+        self.assert_eq(kser1 + 1 + 10 * kidx1.rename(None), pser1 + 1 + 10 * pidx1.rename(None))
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * kidx1.rename(None),
+            pser1.rename() + 1 + 10 * pidx1.rename(None),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(kidx1 + 1 + 10 * kser1, pidx1 + 1 + 10 * pser1)
+        self.assert_eq(kidx1 + 1 + 10 * kser1.rename(), pidx1 + 1 + 10 * pser1.rename())
+        self.assert_eq(kidx1.rename(None) + 1 + 10 * kser1, pidx1.rename(None) + 1 + 10 * pser1)
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kidx1.rename(None) + 1 + 10 * kser1.rename(),
+            pidx1.rename(None) + 1 + 10 * pser1.rename(),
+        )
+
+        pidx2 = pd.Index([11, 12, 13])
+        kidx2 = ps.from_pandas(pidx2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "operands could not be broadcast together with shapes"
+        ):
+            kser1 + kidx2
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "operands could not be broadcast together with shapes"
+        ):
+            kidx2 + kser1
+
+    def test_index_ops(self):
+        pidx1 = pd.Index([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], name="x")
+        pidx2 = pd.Index([6, 7, 8, 9, 10], name="x")
+        kidx1 = ps.from_pandas(pidx1)
+        kidx2 = ps.from_pandas(pidx2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kidx1 * 10 + kidx2, pidx1 * 10 + pidx2)
+        self.assert_eq(kidx1.rename(None) * 10 + kidx2, pidx1.rename(None) * 10 + pidx2)
+
+        if LooseVersion(pd.__version__) >= LooseVersion("1.0"):
+            self.assert_eq(kidx1 * 10 + kidx2.rename(None), pidx1 * 10 + pidx2.rename(None))
+        else:
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kidx1 * 10 + kidx2.rename(None), (pidx1 * 10 + pidx2.rename(None)).rename(None)
+            )
+
+        pidx3 = pd.Index([11, 12, 13])
+        kidx3 = ps.from_pandas(pidx3)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "operands could not be broadcast together with shapes"
+        ):
+            kidx1 + kidx3
+
+        pidx1 = pd.Index([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], name="a")
+        pidx2 = pd.Index([6, 7, 8, 9, 10], name="a")
+        pidx3 = pd.Index([11, 12, 13, 14, 15], name="x")
+        kidx1 = ps.from_pandas(pidx1)
+        kidx2 = ps.from_pandas(pidx2)
+        kidx3 = ps.from_pandas(pidx3)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kidx1 * 10 + kidx2, pidx1 * 10 + pidx2)
+
+        if LooseVersion(pd.__version__) >= LooseVersion("1.0"):
+            self.assert_eq(kidx1 * 10 + kidx3, pidx1 * 10 + pidx3)
+        else:
+            self.assert_eq(kidx1 * 10 + kidx3, (pidx1 * 10 + pidx3).rename(None))
+
+    def test_align(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": ["a", "b", "c"]}, index=[10, 20, 30])
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"a": [4, 5, 6], "c": ["d", "e", "f"]}, index=[10, 11, 12])
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        for join in ["outer", "inner", "left", "right"]:
+            for axis in [None, 0]:
+                kdf_l, kdf_r = kdf1.align(kdf2, join=join, axis=axis)
+                pdf_l, pdf_r = pdf1.align(pdf2, join=join, axis=axis)
+                self.assert_eq(kdf_l.sort_index(), pdf_l.sort_index())
+                self.assert_eq(kdf_r.sort_index(), pdf_r.sort_index())
+
+        pser1 = pd.Series([7, 8, 9], index=[10, 11, 12])
+        pser2 = pd.Series(["g", "h", "i"], index=[10, 20, 30])
+        kser1 = ps.from_pandas(pser1)
+        kser2 = ps.from_pandas(pser2)
+
+        for join in ["outer", "inner", "left", "right"]:
+            kser_l, kser_r = kser1.align(kser2, join=join)
+            pser_l, pser_r = pser1.align(pser2, join=join)
+            self.assert_eq(kser_l.sort_index(), pser_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kser_r.sort_index(), pser_r.sort_index())
+
+            kdf_l, kser_r = kdf1.align(kser1, join=join, axis=0)
+            pdf_l, pser_r = pdf1.align(pser1, join=join, axis=0)
+            self.assert_eq(kdf_l.sort_index(), pdf_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kser_r.sort_index(), pser_r.sort_index())
+
+            kser_l, kdf_r = kser1.align(kdf1, join=join)
+            pser_l, pdf_r = pser1.align(pdf1, join=join)
+            self.assert_eq(kser_l.sort_index(), pser_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kdf_r.sort_index(), pdf_r.sort_index())
+
+        # multi-index columns
+        pdf3 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {("x", "a"): [4, 5, 6], ("y", "c"): ["d", "e", "f"]}, index=[10, 11, 12]
+        )
+        kdf3 = ps.from_pandas(pdf3)
+        pser3 = pdf3[("y", "c")]
+        kser3 = kdf3[("y", "c")]
+
+        for join in ["outer", "inner", "left", "right"]:
+            kdf_l, kdf_r = kdf1.align(kdf3, join=join, axis=0)
+            pdf_l, pdf_r = pdf1.align(pdf3, join=join, axis=0)
+            self.assert_eq(kdf_l.sort_index(), pdf_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kdf_r.sort_index(), pdf_r.sort_index())
+
+            kser_l, kser_r = kser1.align(kser3, join=join)
+            pser_l, pser_r = pser1.align(pser3, join=join)
+            self.assert_eq(kser_l.sort_index(), pser_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kser_r.sort_index(), pser_r.sort_index())
+
+            kdf_l, kser_r = kdf1.align(kser3, join=join, axis=0)
+            pdf_l, pser_r = pdf1.align(pser3, join=join, axis=0)
+            self.assert_eq(kdf_l.sort_index(), pdf_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kser_r.sort_index(), pser_r.sort_index())
+
+            kser_l, kdf_r = kser3.align(kdf1, join=join)
+            pser_l, pdf_r = pser3.align(pdf1, join=join)
+            self.assert_eq(kser_l.sort_index(), pser_l.sort_index())
+            self.assert_eq(kdf_r.sort_index(), pdf_r.sort_index())
+
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: kdf1.align(kdf3, axis=None))
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, lambda: kdf1.align(kdf3, axis=1))
+
+    def test_pow_and_rpow(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 2, np.nan])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        pser_other = pd.Series([np.nan, 2, 3])
+        kser_other = ps.from_pandas(pser_other)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pser.pow(pser_other), kser.pow(kser_other).sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(pser ** pser_other, (kser ** kser_other).sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(pser.rpow(pser_other), kser.rpow(kser_other).sort_index())
+
+    def test_shift(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "Col1": [10, 20, 15, 30, 45],
+                "Col2": [13, 23, 18, 33, 48],
+                "Col3": [17, 27, 22, 37, 52],
+            },
+            index=np.random.rand(5),
+        )
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf.shift().loc[pdf["Col1"] == 20].astype(int), kdf.shift().loc[kdf["Col1"] == 20]
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf["Col2"].shift().loc[pdf["Col1"] == 20].astype(int),
+            kdf["Col2"].shift().loc[kdf["Col1"] == 20],
+        )
+
+    def test_diff(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "Col1": [10, 20, 15, 30, 45],
+                "Col2": [13, 23, 18, 33, 48],
+                "Col3": [17, 27, 22, 37, 52],
+            },
+            index=np.random.rand(5),
+        )
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf.diff().loc[pdf["Col1"] == 20].astype(int), kdf.diff().loc[kdf["Col1"] == 20]
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf["Col2"].diff().loc[pdf["Col1"] == 20].astype(int),
+            kdf["Col2"].diff().loc[kdf["Col1"] == 20],
+        )
+
+    def test_rank(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "Col1": [10, 20, 15, 30, 45],
+                "Col2": [13, 23, 18, 33, 48],
+                "Col3": [17, 27, 22, 37, 52],
+            },
+            index=np.random.rand(5),
+        )
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+
+        self.assert_eq(pdf.rank().loc[pdf["Col1"] == 20], kdf.rank().loc[kdf["Col1"] == 20])
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf["Col2"].rank().loc[pdf["Col1"] == 20], kdf["Col2"].rank().loc[kdf["Col1"] == 20]
+        )
+
+
+class OpsOnDiffFramesDisabledTest(ReusedSQLTestCase, SQLTestUtils):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        set_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames", False)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        reset_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames")
+        super().tearDownClass()
+
+    @property
+    def pdf1(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], "b": [4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0]},
+            index=[0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 9, 9],
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def pdf2(self):
+        return pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1], "b": [0, 0, 0, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3]},
+            index=list(range(9)),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def kdf1(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+
+    @property
+    def kdf2(self):
+        return ps.from_pandas(self.pdf2)
+
+    def test_arithmetic(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            self.kdf1.a - self.kdf2.b
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            self.kdf1.a - self.kdf2.a
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            self.kdf1["a"] - self.kdf2["a"]
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            self.kdf1 - self.kdf2
+
+    def test_assignment(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf = ps.from_pandas(self.pdf1)
+            kdf["c"] = self.kdf1.a
+
+    def test_frame_loc_setitem(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            [[1, 2], [4, 5], [7, 8]],
+            index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"],
+            columns=["max_speed", "shield"],
+        )
+        kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+        another_kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf.loc[["viper", "sidewinder"], ["shield"]] = another_kdf.max_speed
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf.loc[another_kdf.max_speed < 5, ["shield"]] = -kdf.max_speed
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf.loc[another_kdf.max_speed < 5, ["shield"]] = -another_kdf.max_speed
+
+    def test_frame_iloc_setitem(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            [[1, 2], [4, 5], [7, 8]],
+            index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"],
+            columns=["max_speed", "shield"],
+        )
+        kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+        another_kdf = ps.DataFrame(pdf)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf.iloc[[1, 2], [1]] = another_kdf.max_speed
+
+    def test_series_loc_setitem(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+
+        pser_another = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kser_another = ps.from_pandas(pser_another)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser.loc[kser % 2 == 1] = -kser_another
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser.loc[kser_another % 2 == 1] = -kser
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser.loc[kser_another % 2 == 1] = -kser_another
+
+    def test_series_iloc_setitem(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+
+        pser_another = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["cobra", "viper", "sidewinder"])
+        kser_another = ps.from_pandas(pser_another)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser.iloc[[1]] = -kser_another
+
+    def test_where(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "B": [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf1.where(kdf2 > 100)
+
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-10, -20, -30, -40, -50], "B": [-5, -4, -3, -2, -1]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf1.where(kdf2 < -250)
+
+    def test_mask(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "B": [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, -1, -2, -3, -4], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf1.mask(kdf2 < 100)
+
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5], "B": [-100, -200, -300, -400, -500]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [-10, -20, -30, -40, -50], "B": [-5, -4, -3, -2, -1]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf1.mask(kdf2 > -250)
+
+    def test_align(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": ["a", "b", "c"]}, index=[10, 20, 30])
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"a": [4, 5, 6], "c": ["d", "e", "f"]}, index=[10, 11, 12])
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf1.align(kdf2)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kdf1.align(kdf2, axis=0)
+
+    def test_pow_and_rpow(self):
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 2, np.nan])
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        pser_other = pd.Series([np.nan, 2, 3])
+        kser_other = ps.from_pandas(pser_other)
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser.pow(kser_other)
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser ** kser_other
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Cannot combine the series or dataframe"):
+            kser.rpow(kser_other)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames import *  # noqa: F401
+
+    try:
+        import xmlrunner  # type: ignore[import]
+        testRunner = xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(output='target/test-reports', verbosity=2)
+    except ImportError:
+        testRunner = None
+    unittest.main(testRunner=testRunner, verbosity=2)
diff --git a/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby.py b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84c72cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby.py
@@ -0,0 +1,613 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+import unittest
+
+import pandas as pd
+
+from pyspark import pandas as ps
+from pyspark.pandas.config import set_option, reset_option
+from pyspark.pandas.testing.utils import ReusedSQLTestCase, SQLTestUtils
+
+
+class OpsOnDiffFramesGroupByTest(ReusedSQLTestCase, SQLTestUtils):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        set_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames", True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        reset_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames")
+        super().tearDownClass()
+
+    def test_groupby_different_lengths(self):
+        pdfs1 = [
+            pd.DataFrame({"c": [4, 2, 7, 3, None, 1, 1, 1, 2], "d": list("abcdefght")}),
+            pd.DataFrame({"c": [4, 2, 7, None, 1, 1, 2], "d": list("abcdefg")}),
+            pd.DataFrame({"c": [4, 2, 7, 3, None, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2], "d": list("abcdefghti")}),
+        ]
+        pdfs2 = [
+            pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 7], "b": [4, 2, 7, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2]}),
+            pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 7], "b": [4, 2, 7, 3, 3, 1, 1, 2]}),
+            pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 7], "b": [4, 2, 7, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2]}),
+        ]
+
+        for pdf1, pdf2 in zip(pdfs1, pdfs2):
+            kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+            kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+            for as_index in [True, False]:
+                if as_index:
+                    sort = lambda df: df.sort_index()
+                else:
+                    sort = lambda df: df.sort_values("c").reset_index(drop=True)
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.a, as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.a, as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                    almost=as_index,
+                )
+
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.a, as_index=as_index).c.sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.a, as_index=as_index).c.sum()),
+                    almost=as_index,
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.a, as_index=as_index)["c"].sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.a, as_index=as_index)["c"].sum()),
+                    almost=as_index,
+                )
+
+    def test_groupby_multiindex_columns(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {("y", "c"): [4, 2, 7, 3, None, 1, 1, 1, 2], ("z", "d"): list("abcdefght")}
+        )
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame(
+            {("x", "a"): [1, 2, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 7], ("x", "b"): [4, 2, 7, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2]}
+        )
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.groupby(kdf2[("x", "a")]).sum().sort_index(),
+            pdf1.groupby(pdf2[("x", "a")]).sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.groupby(kdf2[("x", "a")], as_index=False)
+            .sum()
+            .sort_values(("y", "c"))
+            .reset_index(drop=True),
+            pdf1.groupby(pdf2[("x", "a")], as_index=False)
+            .sum()
+            .sort_values(("y", "c"))
+            .reset_index(drop=True),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.groupby(kdf2[("x", "a")])[[("y", "c")]].sum().sort_index(),
+            pdf1.groupby(pdf2[("x", "a")])[[("y", "c")]].sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_split_apply_combine_on_series(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"C": [0.362, 0.227, 1.267, -0.562], "B": [1, 2, 3, 4]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, 1, 2, 2]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        for as_index in [True, False]:
+            if as_index:
+                sort = lambda df: df.sort_index()
+            else:
+                sort = lambda df: df.sort_values(list(df.columns)).reset_index(drop=True)
+
+            with self.subTest(as_index=as_index):
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A, as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A, as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A, as_index=as_index).B.sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A, as_index=as_index).B.sum()),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby([kdf1.C, kdf2.A], as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby([pdf1.C, pdf2.A], as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby([kdf1.C + 1, kdf2.A], as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby([pdf1.C + 1, pdf2.A], as_index=as_index).sum()),
+                )
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.B.groupby(kdf2.A).sum().sort_index(), pdf1.B.groupby(pdf2.A).sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            (kdf1.B + 1).groupby(kdf2.A).sum().sort_index(),
+            (pdf1.B + 1).groupby(pdf2.A).sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.B.groupby(kdf2.A.rename()).sum().sort_index(),
+            pdf1.B.groupby(pdf2.A.rename()).sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.B.rename().groupby(kdf2.A).sum().sort_index(),
+            pdf1.B.rename().groupby(pdf2.A).sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.B.rename().groupby(kdf2.A.rename()).sum().sort_index(),
+            pdf1.B.rename().groupby(pdf2.A.rename()).sum().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_aggregate(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"C": [0.362, 0.227, 1.267, -0.562], "B": [1, 2, 3, 4]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, 1, 2, 2]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        for as_index in [True, False]:
+            if as_index:
+                sort = lambda df: df.sort_index()
+            else:
+                sort = lambda df: df.sort_values(list(df.columns)).reset_index(drop=True)
+
+            with self.subTest(as_index=as_index):
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A, as_index=as_index).agg("sum")),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A, as_index=as_index).agg("sum")),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A, as_index=as_index).agg({"B": "min", "C": "sum"})),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A, as_index=as_index).agg({"B": "min", "C": "sum"})),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(
+                        kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A, as_index=as_index).agg(
+                            {"B": ["min", "max"], "C": "sum"}
+                        )
+                    ),
+                    sort(
+                        pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A, as_index=as_index).agg(
+                            {"B": ["min", "max"], "C": "sum"}
+                        )
+                    ),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby([kdf1.C, kdf2.A], as_index=as_index).agg("sum")),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby([pdf1.C, pdf2.A], as_index=as_index).agg("sum")),
+                )
+                self.assert_eq(
+                    sort(kdf1.groupby([kdf1.C + 1, kdf2.A], as_index=as_index).agg("sum")),
+                    sort(pdf1.groupby([pdf1.C + 1, pdf2.A], as_index=as_index).agg("sum")),
+                )
+
+        # multi-index columns
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("Y", "C"), ("X", "B")])
+        pdf1.columns = columns
+        kdf1.columns = columns
+
+        columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([("X", "A")])
+        pdf2.columns = columns
+        kdf2.columns = columns
+
+        for as_index in [True, False]:
+            stats_kdf = kdf1.groupby(kdf2[("X", "A")], as_index=as_index).agg(
+                {("X", "B"): "min", ("Y", "C"): "sum"}
+            )
+            stats_pdf = pdf1.groupby(pdf2[("X", "A")], as_index=as_index).agg(
+                {("X", "B"): "min", ("Y", "C"): "sum"}
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                stats_kdf.sort_values(by=[("X", "B"), ("Y", "C")]).reset_index(drop=True),
+                stats_pdf.sort_values(by=[("X", "B"), ("Y", "C")]).reset_index(drop=True),
+            )
+
+        stats_kdf = kdf1.groupby(kdf2[("X", "A")]).agg(
+            {("X", "B"): ["min", "max"], ("Y", "C"): "sum"}
+        )
+        stats_pdf = pdf1.groupby(pdf2[("X", "A")]).agg(
+            {("X", "B"): ["min", "max"], ("Y", "C"): "sum"}
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            stats_kdf.sort_values(
+                by=[("X", "B", "min"), ("X", "B", "max"), ("Y", "C", "sum")]
+            ).reset_index(drop=True),
+            stats_pdf.sort_values(
+                by=[("X", "B", "min"), ("X", "B", "max"), ("Y", "C", "sum")]
+            ).reset_index(drop=True),
+        )
+
+    def test_duplicated_labels(self):
+        pdf1 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [3, 2, 1]})
+        pdf2 = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, 2, 3]})
+        kdf1 = ps.from_pandas(pdf1)
+        kdf2 = ps.from_pandas(pdf2)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A).sum().sort_index(), pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A).sum().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf1.groupby(kdf2.A, as_index=False).sum().sort_values("A").reset_index(drop=True),
+            pdf1.groupby(pdf2.A, as_index=False).sum().sort_values("A").reset_index(drop=True),
+        )
+
+    def test_apply(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8], "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36]},
+            columns=["a", "b", "c"],
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(["a", kkey]).apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(["a", pkey]).apply(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_transform(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8], "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36]},
+            columns=["a", "b", "c"],
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(["a", kkey]).transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(["a", pkey]).transform(lambda x: x + x.min()).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_filter(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8], "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36]},
+            columns=["a", "b", "c"],
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8])
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).filter(lambda x: any(x.a == 2)).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).filter(lambda x: any(x.a == 2)).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].filter(lambda x: any(x == 2)).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].filter(lambda x: any(x == 2)).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].filter(lambda x: any(x.a == 2)).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].filter(lambda x: any(x.a == 2)).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(["a", kkey]).filter(lambda x: any(x.a == 2)).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(["a", pkey]).filter(lambda x: any(x.a == 2)).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_head(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3] * 3,
+                "b": [2, 3, 1, 4, 6, 9, 8, 10, 7, 5] * 3,
+                "c": [3, 5, 2, 5, 1, 2, 6, 4, 3, 6] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).head(2).sort_index(), kdf.groupby(kkey).head(2).sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf.groupby("a")["b"].head(2).sort_index(), kdf.groupby("a")["b"].head(2).sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf.groupby("a")[["b"]].head(2).sort_index(),
+            kdf.groupby("a")[["b"]].head(2).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            pdf.groupby([pkey, "b"]).head(2).sort_index(),
+            kdf.groupby([kkey, "b"]).head(2).sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_cumcount(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        for ascending in [True, False]:
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kdf.groupby(kkey).cumcount(ascending=ascending).sort_index(),
+                pdf.groupby(pkey).cumcount(ascending=ascending).sort_index(),
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].cumcount(ascending=ascending).sort_index(),
+                pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].cumcount(ascending=ascending).sort_index(),
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].cumcount(ascending=ascending).sort_index(),
+                pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].cumcount(ascending=ascending).sort_index(),
+            )
+
+    def test_cummin(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).cummin().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).cummin().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].cummin().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].cummin().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].cummin().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].cummin().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_cummax(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).cummax().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).cummax().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].cummax().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].cummax().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].cummax().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].cummax().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_cumsum(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).cumsum().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).cumsum().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].cumsum().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].cumsum().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].cumsum().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].cumsum().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_cumprod(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).cumprod().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).cumprod().sort_index(),
+            almost=True,
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].cumprod().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].cumprod().sort_index(),
+            almost=True,
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].cumprod().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].cumprod().sort_index(),
+            almost=True,
+        )
+
+    def test_diff(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            }
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey).diff().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).diff().sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].diff().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].diff().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].diff().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].diff().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey).diff().sum(), pdf.groupby(pkey).diff().sum().astype(int))
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].diff().sum(), pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].diff().sum())
+
+    def test_rank(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey).rank().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).rank().sort_index())
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].rank().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].rank().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].rank().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].rank().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey).rank().sum(), pdf.groupby(pkey).rank().sum())
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].rank().sum(), pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].rank().sum())
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(pd.__version__ < "0.24.0", "not supported before pandas 0.24.0")
+    def test_shift(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "a": [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3] * 3,
+                "b": [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4] * 3,
+                "c": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36] * 3,
+            },
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).shift().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).shift().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].shift().sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].shift().sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["a"]].shift().sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["a"]].shift().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey).shift().sum(), pdf.groupby(pkey).shift().sum().astype(int))
+        self.assert_eq(kdf.groupby(kkey)["a"].shift().sum(), pdf.groupby(pkey)["a"].shift().sum())
+
+    def test_fillna(self):
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame(
+            {
+                "A": [1, 1, 2, 2] * 3,
+                "B": [2, 4, None, 3] * 3,
+                "C": [None, None, None, 1] * 3,
+                "D": [0, 1, 5, 4] * 3,
+            }
+        )
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 1, 2, 2] * 3)
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).fillna(0).sort_index(), pdf.groupby(pkey).fillna(0).sort_index()
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["C"].fillna(0).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["C"].fillna(0).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["C"]].fillna(0).sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["C"]].fillna(0).sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).fillna(method="bfill").sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).fillna(method="bfill").sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["C"].fillna(method="bfill").sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["C"].fillna(method="bfill").sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["C"]].fillna(method="bfill").sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["C"]].fillna(method="bfill").sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey).fillna(method="ffill").sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey).fillna(method="ffill").sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)["C"].fillna(method="ffill").sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)["C"].fillna(method="ffill").sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            kdf.groupby(kkey)[["C"]].fillna(method="ffill").sort_index(),
+            pdf.groupby(pkey)[["C"]].fillna(method="ffill").sort_index(),
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby import *  # noqa: F401
+
+    try:
+        import xmlrunner  # type: ignore[import]
+        testRunner = xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(output='target/test-reports', verbosity=2)
+    except ImportError:
+        testRunner = None
+    unittest.main(testRunner=testRunner, verbosity=2)
diff --git a/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_expanding.py b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_expanding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88cf84e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_expanding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+from distutils.version import LooseVersion
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+
+from pyspark import pandas as ps
+from pyspark.pandas.config import set_option, reset_option
+from pyspark.pandas.testing.utils import ReusedSQLTestCase, TestUtils
+
+
+class OpsOnDiffFramesGroupByExpandingTest(ReusedSQLTestCase, TestUtils):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        set_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames", True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        reset_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames")
+        super().tearDownClass()
+
+    def _test_groupby_expanding_func(self, f):
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 2, 3])
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], name="a")
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kser.groupby(kkey).expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pser.groupby(pkey).expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 2], "b": [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0]})
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 2], name="a")
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kdf.groupby(kkey).expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pdf.groupby(pkey).expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kdf.groupby(kkey)["b"].expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pdf.groupby(pkey)["b"].expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kdf.groupby(kkey)[["b"]].expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pdf.groupby(pkey)[["b"]].expanding(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_count(self):
+        # The behaviour of ExpandingGroupby.count are different between pandas>=1.0.0 and lower,
+        # and we're following the behaviour of latest version of pandas.
+        if LooseVersion(pd.__version__) >= LooseVersion("1.0.0"):
+            self._test_groupby_expanding_func("count")
+        else:
+            # Series
+            kser = ps.Series([1, 2, 3])
+            kkey = ps.Series([1, 2, 3], name="a")
+            midx = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+                list(zip(kkey.to_pandas().values, kser.index.to_pandas().values)), names=["a", None]
+            )
+            expected_result = pd.Series([np.nan, np.nan, np.nan], index=midx)
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kser.groupby(kkey).expanding(2).count().sort_index(), expected_result.sort_index()
+            )
+
+            # DataFrame
+            kdf = ps.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 2], "b": [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0]})
+            kkey = ps.Series([1, 2, 3, 2], name="a")
+            midx = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([(1, 0), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)], names=["a", None])
+            expected_result = pd.DataFrame(
+                {"a": [None, None, 2.0, None], "b": [None, None, 2.0, None]}, index=midx
+            )
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kdf.groupby(kkey).expanding(2).count().sort_index(), expected_result.sort_index()
+            )
+            expected_result = pd.Series([None, None, 2.0, None], index=midx, name="b")
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kdf.groupby(kkey)["b"].expanding(2).count().sort_index(),
+                expected_result.sort_index(),
+            )
+            expected_result = pd.DataFrame({"b": [None, None, 2.0, None]}, index=midx)
+            self.assert_eq(
+                kdf.groupby(kkey)[["b"]].expanding(2).count().sort_index(),
+                expected_result.sort_index(),
+            )
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_min(self):
+        self._test_groupby_expanding_func("min")
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_max(self):
+        self._test_groupby_expanding_func("max")
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_mean(self):
+        self._test_groupby_expanding_func("mean")
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_sum(self):
+        self._test_groupby_expanding_func("sum")
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_std(self):
+        self._test_groupby_expanding_func("std")
+
+    def test_groupby_expanding_var(self):
+        self._test_groupby_expanding_func("var")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import unittest
+    from pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_expanding import *  # noqa: F401
+
+    try:
+        import xmlrunner  # type: ignore[import]
+        testRunner = xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(output='target/test-reports', verbosity=2)
+    except ImportError:
+        testRunner = None
+    unittest.main(testRunner=testRunner, verbosity=2)
diff --git a/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_rolling.py b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_rolling.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b7e3ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/pyspark/pandas/tests/test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_rolling.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+import pandas as pd
+
+from pyspark import pandas as ps
+from pyspark.pandas.config import set_option, reset_option
+from pyspark.pandas.testing.utils import ReusedSQLTestCase, TestUtils
+
+
+class OpsOnDiffFramesGroupByRollingTest(ReusedSQLTestCase, TestUtils):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        set_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames", True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        reset_option("compute.ops_on_diff_frames")
+        super().tearDownClass()
+
+    def _test_groupby_rolling_func(self, f):
+        pser = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], name="a")
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], name="a")
+        kser = ps.from_pandas(pser)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kser.groupby(kkey).rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pser.groupby(pkey).rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+        pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 2], "b": [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0]})
+        pkey = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 2], name="a")
+        kdf = ps.from_pandas(pdf)
+        kkey = ps.from_pandas(pkey)
+
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kdf.groupby(kkey).rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pdf.groupby(pkey).rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kdf.groupby(kkey)["b"].rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pdf.groupby(pkey)["b"].rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+        self.assert_eq(
+            getattr(kdf.groupby(kkey)[["b"]].rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+            getattr(pdf.groupby(pkey)[["b"]].rolling(2), f)().sort_index(),
+        )
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_count(self):
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("count")
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_min(self):
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("min")
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_max(self):
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("max")
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_mean(self):
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("mean")
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_sum(self):
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("sum")
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_std(self):
+        # TODO: `std` now raise error in pandas 1.0.0
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("std")
+
+    def test_groupby_rolling_var(self):
+        self._test_groupby_rolling_func("var")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import unittest
+    from pyspark.pandas.tests.test_ops_on_diff_frames_groupby_rolling import *  # noqa: F401
+
+    try:
+        import xmlrunner  # type: ignore[import]
+        testRunner = xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(output='target/test-reports', verbosity=2)
+    except ImportError:
+        testRunner = None
+    unittest.main(testRunner=testRunner, verbosity=2)

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