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Posted to dev@struts.apache.org by hu...@apache.org on 2002/06/28 23:00:00 UTC
cvs commit: jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide preface.xml project.xml introduction.xml index.xml dev_tiles.xml building_model.xml building_controller.xml
husted 2002/06/28 13:59:59
Modified: doc/userGuide project.xml introduction.xml index.xml
dev_tiles.xml building_model.xml
building_controller.xml
Added: doc/userGuide preface.xml
Log:
Change "technologies" page into the preface.
Revision Changes Path
1.10 +1 -0 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/project.xml
Index: project.xml
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/project.xml,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -r1.9 -r1.10
--- project.xml 25 Jun 2002 03:37:41 -0000 1.9
+++ project.xml 28 Jun 2002 20:59:59 -0000 1.10
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
<menu name="User's Guide">
<item name="Table of Contents" href="index.html"/>
+ <item name="Technologies" href="technologies.html"/>
<item name="Introduction" href="introduction.html"/>
<item name="Model Components" href="building_model.html"/>
<item name="View Components" href="building_view.html"/>
1.12 +1 -31 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/introduction.xml
Index: introduction.xml
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/introduction.xml,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -r1.11 -r1.12
--- introduction.xml 24 Jun 2002 11:14:44 -0000 1.11
+++ introduction.xml 28 Jun 2002 20:59:59 -0000 1.12
@@ -16,37 +16,7 @@
<chapter name="1. Introduction" href="introduction">
- <section name="1.0 Prerequisites">
- <p>
- This User Guide is written for active Web developers and assumes a working
- knowledge about how Java Web applications work. Before getting started, you should
- understand the basics of several core technologies:
- </p>
-
- <ul>
- <li><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt?number=2616">The HTTP Request/Response sequence</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/">Java Servlets</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/">JavaBeans</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/essential/attributes/properties.html">Properties</a> files and
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/i18n/resbundle/concept.html">ResourceBundles</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/product.html">JavaServer Pages (JSP)</a></li>.
- <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/taglibraries.html">Custom Tags</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">Extensible Markup Language</a></li>
- </ul>
-
- <p>If you are not already familiar with these technologies, the best overall starting point is
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/index.html"><b>The Java Web Services Tutorial</b></a>
- for the Java Web Services Developer Pack.
- </p>
-
- <p>If you've created Web applications on other platforms, you can probably follow along
- and then visit the above references as needed. The core technologies used by Struts are
- also used by most other Java Web development products.
- </p>
-
- </section>
-
- <section name="1.1 Preface: Forward into the Past! (or a brief history of Struts)" href="preface">
+ <section name="1.1 Forward into the Past! (or a brief history of Struts)" href="history">
<p>
When Java servlets were first invented, many programmers quickly realized that they were a
1.8 +12 -11 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/index.xml
Index: index.xml
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/index.xml,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -r1.7 -r1.8
--- index.xml 28 Jun 2002 15:15:01 -0000 1.7
+++ index.xml 28 Jun 2002 20:59:59 -0000 1.8
@@ -16,22 +16,22 @@
<section name="Table of Contents" href="toc">
<ul>
- <li><a href="technologies.html">0. Enabling Technologies</a>
+ <li><a href="preface.html">0. Preface</a>
<ul>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#http">HTTP, HTML, and User Agents</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#cycle">The HTTP Request/Response Cycle</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#java">The Java Language and Application Frameworks</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#javabeans">JavaBeans</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#resources">Properties files and ResourceBundles</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#servlets">Java Servlets</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#jsp">JavaServer Pages and JSP Tag Libraries</a></li>
- <li><a href="technologies.html#xml">Extensible Markup Language</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#http">HTTP, HTML, and User Agents</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#cycle">The HTTP Request/Response Cycle</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#java">The Java Language and Application Frameworks</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#javabeans">JavaBeans</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#resources">Properties files and ResourceBundles</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#servlets">Java Servlets</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#jsp">JavaServer Pages and JSP Tag Libraries</a></li>
+ <li><a href="preface.html#xml">Extensible Markup Language</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="introduction.html">1. Introduction</a>
<ul>
- <li><a href="introduction.html#preface">1.1 Preface: Forward into the Past!</a></li>
+ <li><a href="introduction.html#history">1.1 Forward into the Past!</a></li>
<li><a href="introduction.html#mvc">1.2 The Model-View-Controller ('MVC') Design Pattern</a></li>
<li><a href="introduction.html#overview">1.2.1 Struts Framework Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="introduction.html#modelConcepts">1.2.2 The Model: System State and Business Logic JavaBeans</a></li>
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
<li><a href="building_controller.html#overview">4.1 Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="building_controller.html#action_classes">4.2 Action Classes</a></li>
<li><a href="building_controller.html#actionmapping">4.3 The ActionMapping Implementation</a></li>
- <li><a href="building_controller.html#config">4.4 The Action Mappings Configuration File</a></li>
+ <li><a href="building_controller.html#config">4.4 The Struts Configuration File</a></li>
<li><a href="building_controller.html#dd_config">4.5 The Web Application Deployment Descriptor</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="building_controller.html#dd_config_servlet">4.5.1 Configure the Action Servlet Instance</a></li>
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@
<ul>
<li><a href="release-notes.html">Release Notes</a></li>
<ul>
+ <li><a href="release-notes-1.1-b1.html">Release Notes 1.1-b1</a></li>
<li><a href="release-notes-1.0.2.html">Release Notes 1.0.2</a></li>
<li><a href="release-notes-1.0.1.html">Release Notes 1.0.1</a></li>
<li><a href="release-notes-1.0.html">Release Notes 1.0</a></li>
1.2 +2 -2 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/dev_tiles.xml
Index: dev_tiles.xml
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/dev_tiles.xml,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -r1.1 -r1.2
--- dev_tiles.xml 27 Jun 2002 14:23:05 -0000 1.1
+++ dev_tiles.xml 28 Jun 2002 20:59:59 -0000 1.2
@@ -190,11 +190,11 @@
<section href="resources" name="Tiles Resources">
-<p><a href="http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-strutstiles.html?loc=j">Struts and Tiles aid component-based development</a> by Wellie Chao.</p>
+<p><a href="http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-strutstiles.html?loc=j"><b>Struts and Tiles aid component-based development</b></a> by Wellie Chao.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-2002/jw-0104-tilestrut.html"><b>UI design with Tiles and Struts</b></a> by Prakash Malani.</p>
-<p><u>Developing applications with Tiles</u> by Cedric Dumoulin and Ted Husted.
+<p><b><u>Developing applications with Tiles</u></b> by Cedric Dumoulin and Ted Husted.
Sample chapter from <u>Java Web Development with Struts</u>; available as a
<u>free download</u> (PDF).
</p>
1.9 +4 -1 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/building_model.xml
Index: building_model.xml
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/building_model.xml,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -r1.8 -r1.9
--- building_model.xml 24 Jun 2002 11:14:44 -0000 1.8
+++ building_model.xml 28 Jun 2002 20:59:59 -0000 1.9
@@ -307,10 +307,13 @@
pools, especially with high-volume production systems. If your DBMS or container
provides a connection pool of its own, that may be a better choice.
</p>
+
<p align="center">
Next: <a href="building_view.html">Building View Components</a>
</p>
- </section>
+
+ </section>
+
</chapter>
</body>
</document>
1.17 +4 -3 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/building_controller.xml
Index: building_controller.xml
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvs/jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/building_controller.xml,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -r1.16 -r1.17
--- building_controller.xml 24 Jun 2002 11:14:44 -0000 1.16
+++ building_controller.xml 28 Jun 2002 20:59:59 -0000 1.17
@@ -669,9 +669,10 @@
(and all of the <code>commons-*.jar</code> files) into your
<code>WEB-INF/lib</code> directory.
</p>
- <p>
- Next: <a href="release-notes.html">Release Notes</a>
- </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Next: <a href="release-notes.html">Release Notes</a>
+ </p>
</section>
</section>
</chapter>
1.1 jakarta-struts/doc/userGuide/preface.xml
Index: preface.xml
===================================================================
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<document url="./technologies.xml">
<properties>
<author>Ted Husted</author>
<author>Ed Burns</author>
<title>The Struts User's Guide - Praface: Core Technologies</title>
</properties>
<body>
<chapter name="0. Preface: Core Technologies">
<section name="0.1 The Usual Suspects" href="prereqs">
<p>
This User Guide is written for active web developers and assumes a working
knowledge about how Java web applications work. Before getting started, you should
understand the basics of several core technologies:
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#http">HTTP, HTML, and User Agents</a></li>
<li><a href="#cycle">The HTTP Request/Response Cycle</a></li>
<li><a href="#java">The Java Language and Application Frameworks</a></li>
<li><a href="#javabeans">JavaBeans</a></li>
<li><a href="#resources">Properties files and ResourceBundles</a></li>
<li><a href="#servlets">Java Servlets</a></li>
<li><a href="#jsp">JavaServer Pages and JSP Tag Libraries</a></li>
<li><a href="#xml">Extensible Markup Language</a></li>
</ul>
<p>This chapter briefly defines each of these technologies, but does not describe them in
detail. For your convenience, links to further information about each component are also
provided.</p>
<p><a target="#jwst"></a>If you are familiar with Java, but not these technologies,
the best overall starting point is
<a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/index.html"><b>The Java Web Services Tutorial</b></a>.
This is also available for download as a
<a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/JavaWSTutorial.pdf">PDF</a>.
</p>
<p>If you've created web applications for other platforms, you may able to follow along
and visit the other references as needed. The core technologies used by Struts are
also used by most other Java web development products, so the background information will be
useful in any Java project.
</p>
<p><a target="#jt"></a>If you are not familiar with the Java language generally,
then the best start starting point is
<a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/index.html"><b>The Java Tutorial</b></a>.
This overlaps with the Java Web Services Tutorial in some places, but the two work well together.
</p>
</section>
<section name="0.2 HTTP, HTML and User Agents" href="http">
<p>The World Wide Web was built over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt?number=2616">HTTP</a>) and the Hypertext Markup Language
(<a href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/">HTML</a>). A User Agent, like a web browser, uses HTTP to request
a HTML document. The browser then formats and displays the document to its user. HTTP is used to
transport more than HTML, but HTML is the lingua franca of the Web and web applications. </p>
<p>Some Java engineers working web applications write their own HTML. Others leave that to the
page designers.</p>
<p>For more about HTTP, HTML, and User Agents, see:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Guide/"><b>Getting started with HTML</b></a> by Dave Raggett</li>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/HTTP.html#63796">
<b>HTTP Overview</b></a> in the Java Web Services Tutorial.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section name="0.3 The HTTP Request/Response cycle" href="cycle">
<p>A very important part of HTTP for the web developer is the request/response cycle. To use HTTP
you have to make a request. A HTTP server, like a web server, is then obliged to respond. When you
build your web application, you design it to react to a HTTP request by returning a HTTP response.
Frameworks like Struts abstract much of these nuts and bolts, but it is important to understand
what is happening behind the scenes. </p>
<p>If you are not familiar with the HTTP Request/Response cycle, we <b>strongly</b> recommend the
<a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/HTTP.html#63796">
HTTP Overview</a> in the JWST.
</p>
</section>
<section name="0.4 The Java Language and Application Frameworks" href="java">
<p>Struts is written in the popular and versatile
<a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/first_edition/html/index.html">Java programming language</a>.
Java is an object-orientated language, and Struts makes good use of many object-orientated techniques.
A good understanding of Java, and especially object-orientated programming (OOP) will help
you get the most out of Struts and this User Guide. </p>
<p>For more about Java and OOP, see </p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/java/index.html"><b>Learning the Java Language</b></a> in the Java Tutorial</li>
</ul>
<p>Even if you have worked with Java and OOP before, it can also help to be aware of the
programming challenges specific to creating and using application frameworks. For more about application
frameworks, see the classic white papers</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.laputan.org/drc/drc.html"><b>Designing Reusable Classes</b></a> by Ralph E. Johnson & Brian Foote</li>
<li><a href="http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/CACM-frameworks.html"><b>Object-Oriented Application Frameworks</b></a>
by Mohamed Fayad and Douglas C. Schmidt</li>
</ul>
<p>These papers can be especially helpful if you are fact-finding or reviewing
<a href="http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Programming/Languages/Java/Server-Side/Libraries_and_Frameworks/">
server-side frameworks</a>.
</p>
</section>
<section name="0.5 JavaBeans" href="javabeans">
<p>Like many Java applications, most of the Struts objects are designed as
<a href="http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/">JavaBeans</a>. Following the JavaBean design patterns makes
the Struts classes easier to use -- both by Java developers and by Java development tools. </p>
<p>Although JavaBeans were first created for visual elements, these object design patterns have been found to
be useful as the basis for any reusable component, like those used by the Struts framework.</p>
<p>For more about JavaBeans, see</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/javabeans/index.html"><b>The JavaBean Trail</b></a> in the Java Tutorial</li>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/JSPBeans.html"><b>JavaBeans Components in JSP Pages</b></a> in the Java Web Services Tutorial</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section name="0.6 Properties files and ResourceBundles" href="resources">
<p>Java applications, including web applications, are often configured using
<a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/java/util/Properties.html">Properties</a>
files. Properties files are the basis for the
<a href="resourcebundle">ResourceBundles</a> that Struts uses to provide messages resources
to an application. </p>
<p>For more about Properties files, see: </p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/essential/attributes/properties.html">
<b>Using Properties to Manage Program Attributes</b></a> in The Java Tutorial</li>
</ul>
<p>Java
<a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/java/util/ResourceBundle.html">ResourceBundles</a>
use one or more Properties files to provide internationalized messages
to users based their
<a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/java/util/Locale.html">Locale</a>.
Support for localizing an application was built into Struts from the ground-up.</p>
<p>For more about localization and ResourceBundles, see </p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/i18n/resbundle/concept.html"><b>About the ResourceBundle Class</b></a>
in the Java Tutorial</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section name="0.7 Java Servlets" href="servlets">
<p>Much of the <a href="#cycle">HTTP Request/Response cycle</a> nuts-and-bolts are handled by Sun's
<a href="http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/">Java Servlet</a> platform. This casts HTTP
into an object-orientated form so that developers can better concentrate what
they need their application to do -- rather than the mechanics of HTTP.</p>
<p>Struts provides a ready-to-use servlet for your application. As a Struts developer, you
can then just write objects that the Struts servlet calls when needed. But it is still
helpful to understand the basics of what servlets are and the role they play in a Java
web application.</p>
<p>For more about Java Servlets, see </p>
<ul>
<li><a href=""><b>Java Servlet Technology</b></a> in the Java Web
Services Tutorial.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section name="0.8 JavaServer Pages and JSP Tag Libraries" href="jsp">
<p><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/product.html">JavaServer Pages</a> (JSPs) are
"inside-out servlets" that make it easier to create and maintain dynamic web pages. Instead
of putting what you want to write to the HTTP response inside of a Java <code>print</code>
statement, everything in a JavaServer Page is written to the response, <b>except</b> what is
placed within special Java statements.</p>
<p>With JavaServer Pages you can start by writing the page in standard HTML and then add the
dynamic features using statements in the Java language or by using
<a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/taglibraries.html">JSP tags</a>.
The Struts distribution includes several JSP tags that make it easy to access the framework's
features from a JavaServer Page.</p>
<p>For more about JavaServerPages and JSP Tag Libraries see </p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/JSPIntro.html"><b>JavaServer Pages Technology</b></a> in the Java Web Services Tutorial</li>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/JSPTags.html"><b>Custom Tags in JSP Pages</b></a> in the Java Web Services Tutorial</li>
</ul>
<p>Many times, JSP tags work hand-in-hand with JavaBeans. The application sends a JavaBean to
the JSP, and the JSP tag uses the bean to customize the page for the instant user. For more, see
<a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/JSPBeans.html">JavaBeans Components in JSP Pages</a>
in the Java Web Services Tutorial.</p>
<p>Struts also works well with the new
<a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/jstl">Java Standard Tag Library</a>
and taglibs from other sources, like
<a href="http://jsptags.com/">JSP Tags</a> and
<a href="http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/index.html">Jarkata Taglibs</a>.
</p>
<p>There are also toolkits available that make Struts easy to use with
<a href="http://www.openroad.ca/opencode/">XSLT</a> and
<a href="http://jakarta.apache.org/velocity/index.html">Velocity Templates</a>.
</p>
</section>
<section name="0.9 Extensible Markup Language (XML)" href="xml">
<p>The features provided by the Struts framework relies on a number of objects that are
usually deployed using files writing in
<a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">Extensible Markup Language</a>. XML is also used to
configure Java web applications; so, this is yet another familiar approach.
</p>
<p>For more about XML configuration files and Java web applications, see</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/WebApp4.html#64678">Configuring Web Applications</a> in the Java Web Services Tutorial</li>
</ul>
<p>For more about how XML is used with Java applications generally, see
<a href="http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/1.0/tutorial/doc/JAXPIntro.html">Java API for XML Processing</a> in the Java Web Services Tutorial.
While the framework makes good use of this API internally, it is not something most Struts developers
would use when writing their own applications.</p>
<p align="center">
Next: <a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a>
</p>
</section>
</chapter>
</body>
</document>
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