You are viewing a plain text version of this content. The canonical link for it is here.
Posted to commits@openjpa.apache.org by st...@apache.org on 2021/04/04 15:09:47 UTC

[openjpa] branch master updated (515756b -> b0ba9c3)

This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

struberg pushed a change to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/openjpa.git.


    from 515756b  OPENJPA-2648 map long to BIGINT
     new 7a75ccd  fix asciidoc
     new 9458d17  remove obsolete commented out code and modifiers
     new b0ba9c3  code cleanup without functional change

The 3 revisions listed above as "new" are entirely new to this
repository and will be described in separate emails.  The revisions
listed as "add" were already present in the repository and have only
been added to this reference.


Summary of changes:
 .../integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java     |  5 +--
 .../daytrader/AccountProfileDataBean.java          |  3 --
 .../integration/daytrader/TestDaytrader.java       |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeAction.java |  2 +-
 .../integration/daytrader/TradeJPADirect.java      |  2 +-
 .../integration/daytrader/TradeScenario.java       |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/identifier/ColumnDefIdentifierRule.java   |  2 -
 .../jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryCacheImpl.java        |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryImpl.java     | 10 ++---
 .../openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedSQLStoreQuery.java |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/SQLStoreQuery.java  |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TableJDBCSeq.java   |  9 ++--
 .../jdbc/kernel/exps/JDBCExpressionFactory.java    |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/MapEntry.java  |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/meta/strats/EmbedFieldStrategy.java       |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/meta/strats/MapTableFieldStrategy.java    | 18 --------
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/schema/SchemaTool.java |  4 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DB2Dictionary.java |  6 +--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DBDictionary.java  |  3 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/OracleDictionary.java  |  5 ---
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/SelectImpl.java    |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/StoredProcedure.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/jdbc/meta/TestMappingDefaultsImpl.java |  1 -
 .../openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestHerdDBDictionary.java     |  2 -
 .../openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTCommand.java      |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTServlet.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jest/JSONObjectFormatter.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jest/PropertiesCommand.java        |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/jest/QueryCommand.java     |  2 +-
 openjpa-jest/src/test/java/demo/Actor.java         |  3 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/conf/CacheMarshallerImpl.java   |  3 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationPlugin.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/datacache/AbstractDataCache.java       |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/datacache/DataCacheStoreManager.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/datacache/QueryCacheStoreQuery.java    |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/ee/WASRegistryManagedRuntime.java      |  3 +-
 .../openjpa/enhance/InstrumentationFactory.java    | 42 ++++++++---------
 .../openjpa/enhance/ManagedClassSubclasser.java    |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancer.java     |  8 ++--
 .../apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancerAgent.java    |  4 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/enhance/Reflection.java     |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/event/TCPRemoteCommitProvider.java     |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/kernel/AbstractBrokerFactory.java      |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/BrokerImpl.java |  4 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManager.java   |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManagerLite.java   |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/kernel/FetchConfigurationImpl.java     |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/QueryImpl.java  |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/kernel/VersionAttachStrategy.java      |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/meta/AbstractMetaDataDefaults.java     |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/meta/ClassMetaData.java     |  6 +--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/meta/FieldMetaData.java     |  8 ++--
 .../apache/openjpa/meta/MetaDataRepository.java    | 14 +++---
 .../apache/openjpa/meta/MultiQueryMetaData.java    |  3 +-
 .../openjpa/conf/SpecificationAdditionalTests.java |  4 --
 .../util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeList.java   |  2 +-
 .../util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeType.java   |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/lib/meta/XMLMetaDataParser.java |  7 ++-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/StringUtil.java    |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/UUIDGenerator.java |  4 +-
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractDualBidiMap.java  | 12 ++---
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractHashedMap.java    | 12 ++---
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractMapEntry.java     |  2 +-
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractReferenceMap.java |  2 +-
 .../lib/util/collections/ComparatorChain.java      | 12 ++---
 .../lib/util/collections/IteratorChain.java        |  6 +--
 .../openjpa/lib/util/collections/TreeBidiMap.java  | 12 ++---
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/git/GitUtils.java  |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/rop/ResultListTest.java |  4 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/lib/test/AbstractTestCase.java  |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/lib/util/TestPropertiesParser.java     | 12 ++---
 .../openjpa/lib/util/TestTemporaryClassLoader.java |  1 -
 .../apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestDocTypeReader.java  | 14 +++---
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestXMLWriter.java  |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser.java   |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/JDBCPersistenceProductDerivation.java     |  2 -
 .../jdbc/XMLPersistenceMappingParser.java          |  4 +-
 .../enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess.java   |  4 +-
 .../UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass.java |  4 +-
 .../UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess.java        |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/kernel/TestJDBCStoreOptSelect.java        |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/AbstractLobTest.java  |  2 -
 .../openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestDelimitIdentifiers.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/jira1794/TestAggregateFunctions.java   |  1 -
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jira2780/Jira2780Enum.java  |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/access/FieldSub3.java      |  1 -
 .../persistence/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java   |  2 +-
 .../annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java            |  2 +-
 .../common/apps/annotApp/annotype/AnnoTest1.java   |  4 --
 .../openjpa/persistence/common/apps/CompUser.java  |  2 +-
 .../persistence/common/utils/AbstractTestCase.java |  8 ++--
 .../TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions.java     |  2 +-
 .../compat/TestSpecCompatibilityOptions.java       |  4 +-
 .../criteria/AbstractCriteriaTestCase.java         |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/CompUser.java     |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/Customer.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/criteria/TestSubqueries.java       |  2 -
 .../datacache/TestClearableScheduler.java          |  2 +-
 .../TestDataCacheOptimisticLockRecovery.java       |  2 -
 .../persistence/datacache/TestStatistics.java      |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/A.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/EntityA_Coll_String.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/EntityA_Embed_Complex.java   |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/Item4.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/TestEmbeddableXml.java       |  2 +-
 .../embed/attrOverrides/TestAssocOverridesXML.java |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/lazy/TestLazyEmbeddable.java |  2 +-
 .../enhance/identity/BeneContactId.java            |  4 +-
 .../persistence/enhance/identity/Employee.java     |  2 +-
 .../TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1.java         |  2 +-
 .../persistence/event/common/apps/Duration.java    |  2 +-
 .../generationtype/TestMultipleSchemaNames.java    |  1 -
 .../persistence/graph/TestPersistentGraph.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/identity/CompoundBooleanId.java    |  2 +-
 .../inheritance/entities/EntityMapping.java        |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java          |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java       |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/common/apps/ByteArrayPKPCId.java          |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/common/apps/MappingTest2ID.java           |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/common/apps/mappingApp/CompositeId.java   |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestCircularFK.java    |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/kernel/TestEfficientAttach.java           |  4 +-
 .../TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping.java      |  2 +-
 .../maps/spec_10_1_27_ex8/TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8.java |  1 -
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestBuildSchema.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerDistinct.java   |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/meta/TestEagerOuterToManyJoins.java       | 24 +++++-----
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestMappedByKeyMaps.java | 10 ++---
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestRangeQuery.java      |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/meta/vertical/TestJoinSubclasses.java     |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinExtent.java |  4 +-
 .../meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinRelations.java   |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/query/TestNamedSQLQueries.java            |  4 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/query/TestSQLQueries.java     |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/schema/TestClassDBSequenceFactory.java    | 12 ++---
 .../schema/TestSchemaGenerationProperties.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/Employee.java        |  4 +-
 .../jdbc/sqlcache/TestExternalizedParameter.java   |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/strategy/MappedEntity.java    |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/unique/TestNamedUniqueConstraint.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/update/TestParentChild.java   |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestFieldState.java |  2 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/TestPersistentMaps.java     |  2 +-
 .../kernel/TestPessimisticLockException.java       |  2 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLocking.java |  4 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/TestSecondClassValues.java  |  4 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubC.java  | 52 ----------------------
 .../persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubE.java  | 17 -------
 .../persistence/kernel/common/apps/Blobs.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/meta/TestValueStrategies.java      |  1 -
 .../proxy/entities/AnnuityHolderCategory.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityType.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/proxy/entities/ContactType.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/proxy/entities/RiderType.java      |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/persistence/query/Customer.java |  4 +-
 .../query/TestQueryEscapeCharacters.java           |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/relations/Customer.java    |  2 +-
 .../relations/ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId.java        |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/sequence/TestSequence.java |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/simple/AllFieldTypes.java  |  2 +-
 .../test/AbstractPersistenceTestCase.java          |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/test/ClassSelector.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/test/CombinatorialTestHelper.java  |  2 +-
 .../persistence/test/PersistenceTestCase.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/test/SQLListenerTestCase.java      |  4 +-
 .../persistence/xmlmapping/entities/Customer.java  |  4 +-
 .../xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/Address.java  |  2 +-
 .../xmlbindings/myaddress/CANAddress.java          |  2 +-
 .../xmlbindings/myaddress/GBRAddress.java          |  2 +-
 .../xmlbindings/myaddress/USAAddress.java          |  2 +-
 .../lock/extended/LockScopeTestCase.java           |  4 +-
 .../persistence/lockmgr/SequencedActionsTest.java  |  4 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/persistence/AbstractQuery.java  | 12 ++---
 .../AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser.java       |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/HintValueConverter.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/PersistenceMetaDataDefaults.java   |  2 +-
 .../persistence/PersistenceProviderImpl.java       |  6 +--
 .../persistence/XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser.java  |  2 +-
 .../criteria/CriteriaExpressionBuilder.java        |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/PathImpl.java     |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/SubqueryImpl.java |  1 -
 .../persistence/meta/CompileTimeLogger.java        |  3 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/meta/MetamodelImpl.java    |  4 +-
 .../persistence/meta/SourceAnnotationHandler.java  |  2 +-
 .../persistence/query/ConditionalOperator.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/query/QueryDefinitionImpl.java     |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/util/ReservedWords.java    |  2 +-
 .../TestPersistenceProductDerivation.java          |  2 +-
 openjpa-project/RELEASE_STEPS.adoc                 |  3 +-
 .../main/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/Slice.java  |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/slice/PersistenceTestCase.java  |  2 +-
 .../enhance/stats/FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer.java  |  4 +-
 .../openjpa/xmlstore/simple/AllFieldTypes.java     |  2 +-
 193 files changed, 318 insertions(+), 453 deletions(-)

[openjpa] 02/03: remove obsolete commented out code and modifiers

Posted by st...@apache.org.
This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

struberg pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/openjpa.git

commit 9458d1720ba3ee6ea192103c89fc3e6ee85ce6e9
Author: Mark Struberg <st...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Sun Apr 4 16:22:26 2021 +0200

    remove obsolete commented out code and modifiers
---
 .../integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java     |  3 --
 .../daytrader/AccountProfileDataBean.java          |  3 --
 .../jdbc/meta/strats/MapTableFieldStrategy.java    | 18 --------
 .../common/apps/annotApp/annotype/AnnoTest1.java   |  4 --
 .../persistence/datacache/TestStatistics.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubC.java  | 52 ----------------------
 .../persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubE.java  | 17 -------
 7 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 98 deletions(-)

diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java
index 465c220..82601f5 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java
@@ -39,9 +39,6 @@ import javax.persistence.Temporal;
 import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
 import javax.persistence.Transient;
 
-//import org.apache.geronimo.samples.daytrader.util.Log;
-//import org.apache.geronimo.samples.daytrader.util.TradeConfig;
-
 @Entity(name = "accountejb")
 @Table(name = "accountejb")
 @NamedQueries( {
diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountProfileDataBean.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountProfileDataBean.java
index e7cc8dd..8b8c8ef 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountProfileDataBean.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountProfileDataBean.java
@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
 import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
 import javax.persistence.Table;
 
-// import org.apache.geronimo.samples.daytrader.util.Log;
-// import org.apache.geronimo.samples.daytrader.util.TradeConfig;
-
 @Entity(name = "accountprofileejb")
 @Table(name = "accountprofileejb")
 @NamedQueries( {
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/MapTableFieldStrategy.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/MapTableFieldStrategy.java
index d28aba4..21ad6f4 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/MapTableFieldStrategy.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/MapTableFieldStrategy.java
@@ -274,24 +274,6 @@ public abstract class MapTableFieldStrategy
 
             return;
         }
-/*
-        // this is necessary to support openjpa 3 mappings, which didn't
-        // differentiate between secondary table joins and relations built
-        // around an inverse key: check to see if we're mapped as a secondary
-        // table join but we're in the table of the related type, and if so
-        // switch our join mapping info to our value mapping info
-        String tableName = field.getMappingInfo().getTableName();
-        Table table = field.getTypeMapping().getTable();
-        ValueMappingInfo vinfo = field.getValueInfo();
-        if (tableName != null && table != null
-            && (tableName.equalsIgnoreCase(table.getName())
-            || tableName.equalsIgnoreCase(table.getFullName()))) {
-            vinfo.setJoinDirection(MappingInfo.JOIN_INVERSE);
-            vinfo.setColumns(field.getMappingInfo().getColumns());
-            field.getMappingInfo().setTableName(null);
-            field.getMappingInfo().setColumns(null);
-        }
-*/
     }
 
     protected boolean isTypeUnjoinedSubclass(ValueMapping mapped) {
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/common/apps/annotApp/annotype/AnnoTest1.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/common/apps/annotApp/annotype/AnnoTest1.java
index 720844e..a80bd63 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/common/apps/annotApp/annotype/AnnoTest1.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/common/apps/annotApp/annotype/AnnoTest1.java
@@ -167,10 +167,6 @@ public class AnnoTest1 {
         this.pk = new Long(pk);
     }
 
-//    public AnnoTest1(Long pk) {
-//        this.pk = pk;
-//    }
-
     public void setPk(Long val) {
         pk = val;
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestStatistics.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestStatistics.java
index e12a3c2..3af7101 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestStatistics.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestStatistics.java
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ public class TestStatistics extends SingleEMFTestCase {
     /**
      * Assert that the passed in hit/eviction/read/write match those values collected by stats.
      */
-    private static final void assertion(String cls, int hit, int read, int write, CacheStatistics stats) {
+    private static void assertion(String cls, int hit, int read, int write, CacheStatistics stats) {
         if (cls == null) {
             throw new RuntimeException("invalid assertion. Null class");
         } else {
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubC.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubC.java
index e94bd50..78a337e 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubC.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubC.java
@@ -58,56 +58,4 @@ public class AppIdSubC
         return this.stringFieldC;
     }
 
-    /*
-     public static class ID
-         extends AppIdSubB.ID
-     {
-         private long pk1c;
-         private String pk2c;
-
-
-         public ID ()
-         {
-             super ();
-         }
-
-
-         public ID (String str)
-         {
-             super ();
-             fromString (str);
-         }
-
-
-         public int hashCode ()
-         {
-             return (int)((super.hashCode () + pk1c
-                 + (pk2c == null ? 0 : pk2c.hashCode ())) % Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-         }
-
-
-         public boolean equals (Object other)
-         {
-             return super.equals (other)
-                 && ((ID)other).pk1c == pk1c
-                 && ((ID)other).pk2c == null ? pk2c == null
-                     : ((ID)other).pk2c.equals (pk2c);
-         }
-
-
-         public String toString ()
-         {
-             return super.toString () + DELIMITER + pk1c + DELIMITER + pk2c;
-         }
-
-
-         StringTokenizer fromString (String idString)
-         {
-             StringTokenizer tok = super.fromString (idString);
-             pk1c = new Long (tok.nextToken ()).longValue ();
-             pk2c = tok.nextToken ();
-             return tok; // return the tokenizer for subclasses to use
-         }
-     }
-     */
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubE.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubE.java
index 17f45be..e7b4190 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubE.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/AppIdSubE.java
@@ -40,21 +40,4 @@ public class AppIdSubE
         return this.stringFieldE;
     }
 
-    /*
-     public static class ID
-         extends AppIdSubD.ID
-     {
-         public ID ()
-         {
-             super ();
-         }
-
-
-         public ID (String str)
-         {
-             super ();
-             fromString (str);
-         }
-     }
-     */
 }

[openjpa] 01/03: fix asciidoc

Posted by st...@apache.org.
This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

struberg pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/openjpa.git

commit 7a75ccd80ab1bc5cd156335bbc11bf9e11b68a86
Author: Mark Struberg <st...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Sun Apr 4 16:22:05 2021 +0200

    fix asciidoc
---
 openjpa-project/RELEASE_STEPS.adoc | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/openjpa-project/RELEASE_STEPS.adoc b/openjpa-project/RELEASE_STEPS.adoc
index 56d1794..d2c2682 100644
--- a/openjpa-project/RELEASE_STEPS.adoc
+++ b/openjpa-project/RELEASE_STEPS.adoc
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-Releasing Apache OpenJPA
-=========================
+= Releasing Apache OpenJPA
 
 Licensed under Apache License 2.0 - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 

[openjpa] 03/03: code cleanup without functional change

Posted by st...@apache.org.
This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

struberg pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/openjpa.git

commit b0ba9c3e60305b441956837c8b71479dc6aba825
Author: Mark Struberg <st...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Sun Apr 4 17:09:04 2021 +0200

    code cleanup without functional change
    
    * remove unecessary valueOf
    * remove ;;
    * remove unused imports
    * remove unnecessary casts
    * etc
---
 .../integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java     |  2 +-
 .../integration/daytrader/TestDaytrader.java       |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeAction.java |  2 +-
 .../integration/daytrader/TradeJPADirect.java      |  2 +-
 .../integration/daytrader/TradeScenario.java       |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/identifier/ColumnDefIdentifierRule.java   |  2 --
 .../jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryCacheImpl.java        |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryImpl.java     | 10 +++---
 .../openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedSQLStoreQuery.java |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/SQLStoreQuery.java  |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TableJDBCSeq.java   |  9 ++---
 .../jdbc/kernel/exps/JDBCExpressionFactory.java    |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/MapEntry.java  |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/meta/strats/EmbedFieldStrategy.java       |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/schema/SchemaTool.java |  4 +--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DB2Dictionary.java |  6 ++--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DBDictionary.java  |  3 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/OracleDictionary.java  |  5 ---
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/SelectImpl.java    |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/StoredProcedure.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/jdbc/meta/TestMappingDefaultsImpl.java |  1 -
 .../openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestHerdDBDictionary.java     |  2 --
 .../openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTCommand.java      |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTServlet.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jest/JSONObjectFormatter.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jest/PropertiesCommand.java        |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/jest/QueryCommand.java     |  2 +-
 openjpa-jest/src/test/java/demo/Actor.java         |  3 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/conf/CacheMarshallerImpl.java   |  3 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationPlugin.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/datacache/AbstractDataCache.java       |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/datacache/DataCacheStoreManager.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/datacache/QueryCacheStoreQuery.java    |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/ee/WASRegistryManagedRuntime.java      |  3 +-
 .../openjpa/enhance/InstrumentationFactory.java    | 42 +++++++++++-----------
 .../openjpa/enhance/ManagedClassSubclasser.java    |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancer.java     |  8 ++---
 .../apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancerAgent.java    |  4 +--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/enhance/Reflection.java     |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/event/TCPRemoteCommitProvider.java     |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/kernel/AbstractBrokerFactory.java      |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/BrokerImpl.java |  4 +--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManager.java   |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManagerLite.java   |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/kernel/FetchConfigurationImpl.java     |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/QueryImpl.java  |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/kernel/VersionAttachStrategy.java      |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/meta/AbstractMetaDataDefaults.java     |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/meta/ClassMetaData.java     |  6 ++--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/meta/FieldMetaData.java     |  8 ++---
 .../apache/openjpa/meta/MetaDataRepository.java    | 14 ++++----
 .../apache/openjpa/meta/MultiQueryMetaData.java    |  3 +-
 .../openjpa/conf/SpecificationAdditionalTests.java |  4 ---
 .../util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeList.java   |  2 +-
 .../util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeType.java   |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/lib/meta/XMLMetaDataParser.java |  7 ++--
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/StringUtil.java    |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/UUIDGenerator.java |  4 +--
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractDualBidiMap.java  | 12 +++----
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractHashedMap.java    | 12 +++----
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractMapEntry.java     |  2 +-
 .../lib/util/collections/AbstractReferenceMap.java |  2 +-
 .../lib/util/collections/ComparatorChain.java      | 12 +++----
 .../lib/util/collections/IteratorChain.java        |  6 ++--
 .../openjpa/lib/util/collections/TreeBidiMap.java  | 12 +++----
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/git/GitUtils.java  |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/rop/ResultListTest.java |  4 +--
 .../apache/openjpa/lib/test/AbstractTestCase.java  |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/lib/util/TestPropertiesParser.java     | 12 +++----
 .../openjpa/lib/util/TestTemporaryClassLoader.java |  1 -
 .../apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestDocTypeReader.java  | 14 ++++----
 .../org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestXMLWriter.java  |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser.java   |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/JDBCPersistenceProductDerivation.java     |  2 --
 .../jdbc/XMLPersistenceMappingParser.java          |  4 +--
 .../enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess.java   |  4 +--
 .../UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass.java |  4 +--
 .../UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess.java        |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/kernel/TestJDBCStoreOptSelect.java        |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/AbstractLobTest.java  |  2 --
 .../openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestDelimitIdentifiers.java   |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/jira1794/TestAggregateFunctions.java   |  1 -
 .../org/apache/openjpa/jira2780/Jira2780Enum.java  |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/access/FieldSub3.java      |  1 -
 .../persistence/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java   |  2 +-
 .../annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java            |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/common/apps/CompUser.java  |  2 +-
 .../persistence/common/utils/AbstractTestCase.java |  8 ++---
 .../TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions.java     |  2 +-
 .../compat/TestSpecCompatibilityOptions.java       |  4 +--
 .../criteria/AbstractCriteriaTestCase.java         |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/CompUser.java     |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/Customer.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/criteria/TestSubqueries.java       |  2 --
 .../datacache/TestClearableScheduler.java          |  2 +-
 .../TestDataCacheOptimisticLockRecovery.java       |  2 --
 .../org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/A.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/EntityA_Coll_String.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/EntityA_Embed_Complex.java   |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/Item4.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/TestEmbeddableXml.java       |  2 +-
 .../embed/attrOverrides/TestAssocOverridesXML.java |  2 +-
 .../persistence/embed/lazy/TestLazyEmbeddable.java |  2 +-
 .../enhance/identity/BeneContactId.java            |  4 +--
 .../persistence/enhance/identity/Employee.java     |  2 +-
 .../TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1.java         |  2 +-
 .../persistence/event/common/apps/Duration.java    |  2 +-
 .../generationtype/TestMultipleSchemaNames.java    |  1 -
 .../persistence/graph/TestPersistentGraph.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/identity/CompoundBooleanId.java    |  2 +-
 .../inheritance/entities/EntityMapping.java        |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java          |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java       |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/common/apps/ByteArrayPKPCId.java          |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/common/apps/MappingTest2ID.java           |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/common/apps/mappingApp/CompositeId.java   |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestCircularFK.java    |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/kernel/TestEfficientAttach.java           |  4 +--
 .../TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping.java      |  2 +-
 .../maps/spec_10_1_27_ex8/TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8.java |  1 -
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestBuildSchema.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerDistinct.java   |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/meta/TestEagerOuterToManyJoins.java       | 24 ++++++-------
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestMappedByKeyMaps.java | 10 +++---
 .../persistence/jdbc/meta/TestRangeQuery.java      |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/meta/vertical/TestJoinSubclasses.java     |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinExtent.java |  4 +--
 .../meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinRelations.java   |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/query/TestNamedSQLQueries.java            |  4 +--
 .../persistence/jdbc/query/TestSQLQueries.java     |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/schema/TestClassDBSequenceFactory.java    | 12 +++----
 .../schema/TestSchemaGenerationProperties.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/Employee.java        |  4 +--
 .../jdbc/sqlcache/TestExternalizedParameter.java   |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/strategy/MappedEntity.java    |  2 +-
 .../jdbc/unique/TestNamedUniqueConstraint.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/jdbc/update/TestParentChild.java   |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestFieldState.java |  2 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/TestPersistentMaps.java     |  2 +-
 .../kernel/TestPessimisticLockException.java       |  2 +-
 .../persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLocking.java |  4 +--
 .../persistence/kernel/TestSecondClassValues.java  |  4 +--
 .../persistence/kernel/common/apps/Blobs.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/meta/TestValueStrategies.java      |  1 -
 .../proxy/entities/AnnuityHolderCategory.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityType.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/proxy/entities/ContactType.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/proxy/entities/RiderType.java      |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/persistence/query/Customer.java |  4 +--
 .../query/TestQueryEscapeCharacters.java           |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/relations/Customer.java    |  2 +-
 .../relations/ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId.java        |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/persistence/sequence/TestSequence.java |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/simple/AllFieldTypes.java  |  2 +-
 .../test/AbstractPersistenceTestCase.java          |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/test/ClassSelector.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/test/CombinatorialTestHelper.java  |  2 +-
 .../persistence/test/PersistenceTestCase.java      |  2 +-
 .../persistence/test/SQLListenerTestCase.java      |  4 +--
 .../persistence/xmlmapping/entities/Customer.java  |  4 +--
 .../xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/Address.java  |  2 +-
 .../xmlbindings/myaddress/CANAddress.java          |  2 +-
 .../xmlbindings/myaddress/GBRAddress.java          |  2 +-
 .../xmlbindings/myaddress/USAAddress.java          |  2 +-
 .../lock/extended/LockScopeTestCase.java           |  4 +--
 .../persistence/lockmgr/SequencedActionsTest.java  |  4 +--
 .../apache/openjpa/persistence/AbstractQuery.java  | 12 +++----
 .../AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser.java       |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/HintValueConverter.java    |  2 +-
 .../persistence/PersistenceMetaDataDefaults.java   |  2 +-
 .../persistence/PersistenceProviderImpl.java       |  6 ++--
 .../persistence/XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser.java  |  2 +-
 .../criteria/CriteriaExpressionBuilder.java        |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/PathImpl.java     |  2 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/criteria/SubqueryImpl.java |  1 -
 .../persistence/meta/CompileTimeLogger.java        |  3 +-
 .../openjpa/persistence/meta/MetamodelImpl.java    |  4 +--
 .../persistence/meta/SourceAnnotationHandler.java  |  2 +-
 .../persistence/query/ConditionalOperator.java     |  2 +-
 .../persistence/query/QueryDefinitionImpl.java     |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/persistence/util/ReservedWords.java    |  2 +-
 .../TestPersistenceProductDerivation.java          |  2 +-
 .../main/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/Slice.java  |  2 +-
 .../apache/openjpa/slice/PersistenceTestCase.java  |  2 +-
 .../enhance/stats/FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer.java  |  4 +--
 .../openjpa/xmlstore/simple/AllFieldTypes.java     |  2 +-
 186 files changed, 316 insertions(+), 353 deletions(-)

diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java
index 82601f5..3bcf6f7 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/AccountDataBean.java
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ public class AccountDataBean implements Serializable {
 
     public void login(String password) {
         AccountProfileDataBean profile = getProfile();
-        if ((profile == null) || (profile.getPassword().equals(password) == false)) {
+        if ((profile == null) || (!profile.getPassword().equals(password))) {
             String error = "AccountBean:Login failure for account: " + getAccountID() +
                     ((profile == null) ? "null AccountProfile" :
                             "\n\tIncorrect password-->" + profile.getUserID() + ":" + profile.getPassword());
diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TestDaytrader.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TestDaytrader.java
index 71c9a53..59aa821 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TestDaytrader.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TestDaytrader.java
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class TestDaytrader extends AbstractPersistenceTestCase {
         log.info("TestDaytrader.testTrade() calling TradeScenario.performUserTasks(" + TEST_USERS + ")");
         for (int i = 0; i < TEST_USERS; i++) {
             String userID = "uid:" + i;
-            if (scenario.performUserTasks(userID) == false) {
+            if (!scenario.performUserTasks(userID)) {
                 fail("TestDaytrader.testTrade() call to TradeScenario.performUserTask(" + userID + ") failed");
             }
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeAction.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeAction.java
index a9f8424..6253333 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeAction.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeAction.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class TradeAction extends TradeJPADirect {
         setAttribute(sb, "Page", "Account Update");
         // First verify input data
         boolean doUpdate = true;
-        if (password.equals(cpassword) == false) {
+        if (!password.equals(cpassword)) {
             results = "Update profile error: passwords do not match";
             doUpdate = false;
         } else if (password.length() <= 0 || fullName.length() <= 0
diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeJPADirect.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeJPADirect.java
index 65a4ab0..24a7df8 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeJPADirect.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeJPADirect.java
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public class TradeJPADirect {
         TradeJPADirect.log = log;
         TradeJPADirect.emf = emf;
         _poolEm = poolEm;
-        if (initialized == false)
+        if (!initialized)
             init();
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeScenario.java b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeScenario.java
index 1666ed8..acafeb4 100644
--- a/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeScenario.java
+++ b/openjpa-integration/daytrader/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/integration/daytrader/TradeScenario.java
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public class TradeScenario {
 					 * The 'z' action from getScenario denotes that this is a sell action that was switched from a buy
 					 * to reduce a sellDeficit
 					 */
-					if (userID.startsWith(TradeConfig.newUserPrefix) == false)
+					if (!userID.startsWith(TradeConfig.newUserPrefix))
 					{
 						TradeConfig.incrementSellDeficit();
 					}
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/identifier/ColumnDefIdentifierRule.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/identifier/ColumnDefIdentifierRule.java
index 1e9a9e1..63cae55 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/identifier/ColumnDefIdentifierRule.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/identifier/ColumnDefIdentifierRule.java
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
  */
 package org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.identifier;
 
-import java.util.Set;
-
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.identifier.DBIdentifier.DBIdentifierType;
 
 /**
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryCacheImpl.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryCacheImpl.java
index 000b85e..53d39dd 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryCacheImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryCacheImpl.java
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ public class PreparedQueryCacheImpl implements PreparedQueryCache {
      *            - If true, a read lock will be acquired. Else a write lock will be acquired.
      */
     protected void lock(boolean readOnly) {
-        if (readOnly == true) {
+        if (readOnly) {
             _readLock.lock();
         } else {
             _writeLock.lock();
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ public class PreparedQueryCacheImpl implements PreparedQueryCache {
      *            - If true, the read lock will be released. Else a write lock will be released.
      */
     protected void unlock(boolean readOnly) {
-        if (readOnly == true) {
+        if (readOnly) {
             _readLock.unlock();
         } else {
             _writeLock.unlock();
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryImpl.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryImpl.java
index 41568ae..7e06ce7 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedQueryImpl.java
@@ -187,14 +187,14 @@ public class PreparedQueryImpl implements PreparedQuery {
             return new PreparedQueryCacheImpl.StrongExclusion(_id, _loc.get("exclude-no-select", _id).getMessage());
         SQLBuffer buffer = selector.getSQL();
         if (buffer == null)
-            return new PreparedQueryCacheImpl.StrongExclusion(_id, _loc.get("exclude-no-sql", _id).getMessage());;
+            return new PreparedQueryCacheImpl.StrongExclusion(_id, _loc.get("exclude-no-sql", _id).getMessage());
         if (isUsingFieldStrategy())
             return new PreparedQueryCacheImpl.StrongExclusion(_id,
-                _loc.get("exclude-user-strategy", _id).getMessage());;
+                _loc.get("exclude-user-strategy", _id).getMessage());
 
         if (isPaginated())
             return new PreparedQueryCacheImpl.StrongExclusion(_id,
-                _loc.get("exclude-pagination", _id).getMessage());;
+                _loc.get("exclude-pagination", _id).getMessage());
 
         setTargetQuery(buffer.getSQL());
         setParameters(buffer.getParameters());
@@ -212,14 +212,14 @@ public class PreparedQueryImpl implements PreparedQuery {
      * not be extracted.
      */
     private Object[] extractSelectExecutor(Object result) {
-        if (result instanceof ResultList == false)
+        if (!(result instanceof ResultList))
             return new Object[]{null, _loc.get("exclude-not-result", _id)};
         Object userObject = ((ResultList<?>)result).getUserObject();
         if (userObject == null || !userObject.getClass().isArray() || ((Object[])userObject).length != 2)
             return new Object[]{null, _loc.get("exclude-no-user-object", _id)};
         Object provider = ((Object[])userObject)[0];
         Object executor = ((Object[])userObject)[1];
-        if (executor instanceof StoreQuery.Executor == false)
+        if (!(executor instanceof StoreQuery.Executor))
             return new Object[]{null, _loc.get("exclude-not-executor", _id)};
         _exps = ((StoreQuery.Executor)executor).getQueryExpressions();
         for (int i = 0; i < _exps.length; i++) {
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedSQLStoreQuery.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedSQLStoreQuery.java
index e5be42a..9c71059 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedSQLStoreQuery.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/PreparedSQLStoreQuery.java
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class PreparedSQLStoreQuery extends SQLStoreQuery {
 
     @Override
     public boolean setQuery(Object query) {
-        if (query instanceof PreparedQueryImpl == false) {
+        if (!(query instanceof PreparedQueryImpl)) {
             throw new InternalException(query.getClass() + " not recognized");
         }
         _cached = (PreparedQueryImpl)query;
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/SQLStoreQuery.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/SQLStoreQuery.java
index 98ad3d6..5d8ffd1 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/SQLStoreQuery.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/SQLStoreQuery.java
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ public class SQLStoreQuery
             PreparedStatement stmnt, SQLBuffer buf)
             throws SQLException {
             int count = 0;
-            if (_call && stmnt.execute() == false) {
+            if (_call && !stmnt.execute()) {
                 count = stmnt.getUpdateCount();
             }
             else {
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TableJDBCSeq.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TableJDBCSeq.java
index 8addd93..772f6cb 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TableJDBCSeq.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TableJDBCSeq.java
@@ -461,8 +461,7 @@ public class TableJDBCSeq extends AbstractJDBCSeq implements Configurable {
                 }
                 catch(NotSupportedException nse) {
                     SQLException sqlEx = new SQLException(
-                            nse.getLocalizedMessage());
-                    sqlEx.initCause(nse);
+                            nse.getLocalizedMessage(), nse);
                     throw sqlEx;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -953,8 +952,7 @@ public class TableJDBCSeq extends AbstractJDBCSeq implements Configurable {
                 if (conn != null) {
                     closeConnection(conn);
                 }
-                RuntimeException re = new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
-                re.initCause(e);
+                RuntimeException re = new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
                 throw re;
             }
         }
@@ -991,8 +989,7 @@ public class TableJDBCSeq extends AbstractJDBCSeq implements Configurable {
                 if (cur != -1 ) // USE the constant
                     current = cur;
             } catch (SQLException sqle) {
-                RuntimeException re = new RuntimeException(sqle.getMessage());
-                re.initCause(sqle);
+                RuntimeException re = new RuntimeException(sqle.getMessage(), sqle);
                 throw re;
             } finally {
                 if (conn != null) {
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/JDBCExpressionFactory.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/JDBCExpressionFactory.java
index ab00787..a7887fa 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/JDBCExpressionFactory.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/JDBCExpressionFactory.java
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ public class JDBCExpressionFactory
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Value coalesceExpression(Value[] vals) {;
+    public Value coalesceExpression(Value[] vals) {
         Object[] values = new Val[vals.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < vals.length; i++) {
             values[i] = getLiteralRawString(vals[i]);
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/MapEntry.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/MapEntry.java
index f6af0ca..226be06 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/MapEntry.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/exps/MapEntry.java
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ public class MapEntry
 
         @Override
         public boolean equals(Object other) {
-            if (other instanceof Map.Entry == false)
+            if (!(other instanceof Map.Entry))
                 return false;
             Map.Entry that = (Map.Entry)other;
             return (this.key == null ?
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/EmbedFieldStrategy.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/EmbedFieldStrategy.java
index ac86302..629d111 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/EmbedFieldStrategy.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/EmbedFieldStrategy.java
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ public class EmbedFieldStrategy
         }
 
         // A field expected to be loaded eagerly was missing from the ResultSet.
-        if (containsUnloadedEagerField == true) {
+        if (containsUnloadedEagerField) {
             return false;
         }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/schema/SchemaTool.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/schema/SchemaTool.java
index 32a803c..ac9dc0c 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/schema/SchemaTool.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/schema/SchemaTool.java
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 
 import org.apache.openjpa.conf.OpenJPAConfiguration;
@@ -883,7 +881,7 @@ public class SchemaTool {
             for (int i = 0; i < schemas.length; i++) {
                 tabs = schemas[i].getTables();
                 for (int j = 0; j < tabs.length; j++)
-                    if (!!isDroppable(tabs[j])
+                    if (isDroppable(tabs[j])
                         && repos.findTable(tabs[j]) == null)
                         drops.add(tabs[j]);
             }
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DB2Dictionary.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DB2Dictionary.java
index dfd517f..0ee2920 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DB2Dictionary.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DB2Dictionary.java
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ public class DB2Dictionary
         if (sel != null && sel.getExpectedResultCount() > 0) {
             StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
             buf.append(" ").append(optimizeClause).append(" ")
-                .append(String.valueOf(sel.getExpectedResultCount()))
+                .append(sel.getExpectedResultCount())
                 .append(" ").append(rowClause);
             return buf.toString();
         }
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ public class DB2Dictionary
 
     @Override
     public OpenJPAException newStoreException(String msg, SQLException[] causes, Object failed) {
-        if (appendExtendedExceptionText == true && causes != null && causes.length > 0) {
+        if (appendExtendedExceptionText && causes != null && causes.length > 0) {
             msg = appendExtendedExceptionMsg(msg, causes[0]);
         }
         return super.newStoreException(msg, causes, failed);
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ public class DB2Dictionary
         if (col.getType() != Types.VARCHAR) {
             doCast = true;
         }
-        if (doCast == true) {
+        if (doCast) {
             if (func.indexOf("VARCHAR") == -1) {
                 func = addCastAsString(func, "{0}", " AS VARCHAR(" + varcharCastLength + ")");
             }
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DBDictionary.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DBDictionary.java
index e4ae5bf..87b6fc2 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DBDictionary.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/DBDictionary.java
@@ -336,7 +336,8 @@ public class DBDictionary
      * database will become '2010-01-01 12:00:00.687' in the Date field
      * of the entity.
      */
-    public enum DateMillisecondBehaviors { DROP, ROUND, RETAIN };
+    public enum DateMillisecondBehaviors { DROP, ROUND, RETAIN }
+
     private DateMillisecondBehaviors dateMillisecondBehavior;
 
     /**
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/OracleDictionary.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/OracleDictionary.java
index 0b30cb3..9555640 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/OracleDictionary.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/OracleDictionary.java
@@ -34,11 +34,6 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.sql.Statement;
 import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.sql.Types;
-import java.time.LocalDate;
-import java.time.LocalDateTime;
-import java.time.LocalTime;
-import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
-import java.time.OffsetTime;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Calendar;
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/SelectImpl.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/SelectImpl.java
index 5157273..82ec970 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/SelectImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/SelectImpl.java
@@ -3018,7 +3018,7 @@ public class SelectImpl
         @Override
         public String toString() {
             return "PathJoinsImpl<" + hashCode() + ">: "
-                + String.valueOf(path);
+                + path;
         }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/StoredProcedure.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/StoredProcedure.java
index c90c07d..2ec0262 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/StoredProcedure.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/StoredProcedure.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class StoredProcedure {
      */
     public enum PARAM {UNKNOW, IN, INOUT, RESULT, OUT, RETURN}
 
-    public enum SQL {NONE,MODIFY,READ, CONTAINS};
+    public enum SQL {NONE,MODIFY,READ, CONTAINS}
 
     /**
      * Create a procedure of the given name.
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/TestMappingDefaultsImpl.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/TestMappingDefaultsImpl.java
index 99dbf71..5a2289c 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/TestMappingDefaultsImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/TestMappingDefaultsImpl.java
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Table;
 
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
 
 public class TestMappingDefaultsImpl {
diff --git a/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestHerdDBDictionary.java b/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestHerdDBDictionary.java
index be88b26..756aa10 100644
--- a/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestHerdDBDictionary.java
+++ b/openjpa-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestHerdDBDictionary.java
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.conf.JDBCConfiguration;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.conf.JDBCConfigurationImpl;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.identifier.DBIdentifier;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.identifier.DBIdentifierUtil;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.identifier.DBIdentifierUtilImpl;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Column;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.ForeignKey;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Schema;
diff --git a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTCommand.java b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTCommand.java
index f7570f9..204edef 100644
--- a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTCommand.java
+++ b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTCommand.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public interface JESTCommand {
     /**
      * Supported format monikers.
      */
-    public static enum Format {xml, json};
+    public static enum Format {xml, json}
 
     /**
      * Get the execution context of this command.
diff --git a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTServlet.java b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTServlet.java
index 131cc0d..e99adfa 100644
--- a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTServlet.java
+++ b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JESTServlet.java
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public class JESTServlet extends HttpServlet  {
     @Override
     public void destroy() {
         _emf = null;
-        _unit = null;;
+        _unit = null;
     }
 
     private void debug(HttpServletRequest r) {
diff --git a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JSONObjectFormatter.java b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JSONObjectFormatter.java
index a574e77..360b1c1 100644
--- a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JSONObjectFormatter.java
+++ b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/JSONObjectFormatter.java
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public class JSONObjectFormatter implements ObjectFormatter<JSON> {
         }
 
         boolean ref = !visited.add(sm);
-        JSONObject root =  new JSONObject(typeOf(sm), sm.getObjectId(), ref);;
+        JSONObject root =  new JSONObject(typeOf(sm), sm.getObjectId(), ref);
         if (ref) {
             return root;
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/PropertiesCommand.java b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/PropertiesCommand.java
index 578889b..88b84d6 100644
--- a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/PropertiesCommand.java
+++ b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/PropertiesCommand.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class PropertiesCommand extends AbstractCommand {
 
     private void removeBadEntries(Map<String,Object> map) {
         Iterator<String> keys = map.keySet().iterator();
-        for (; keys.hasNext();) {
+        while (keys.hasNext()) {
             if (keys.next().indexOf(DOT) == -1) keys.remove();
         }
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/QueryCommand.java b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/QueryCommand.java
index 5057232..64b3ddc 100644
--- a/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/QueryCommand.java
+++ b/openjpa-jest/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jest/QueryCommand.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import javax.persistence.Query;
 
 import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.ArgumentException;
-import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.OpenJPAEntityManager;;
+import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.OpenJPAEntityManager;
 
 /**
  * Executes query.
diff --git a/openjpa-jest/src/test/java/demo/Actor.java b/openjpa-jest/src/test/java/demo/Actor.java
index cbc0b4b..df6c8f2 100644
--- a/openjpa-jest/src/test/java/demo/Actor.java
+++ b/openjpa-jest/src/test/java/demo/Actor.java
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.FetchGroups;
     })
 })
 public class Actor {
-    public static enum Gender {Male, Female};
+    public static enum Gender {Male, Female}
+
     @Id
     private String id;
     private String firstName;
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/CacheMarshallerImpl.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/CacheMarshallerImpl.java
index 523391c..6f3d0b1 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/CacheMarshallerImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/CacheMarshallerImpl.java
@@ -253,8 +253,7 @@ public class CacheMarshallerImpl
         } catch (IOException ioe) {
             IllegalStateException ise = new IllegalStateException(
                 _loc.get("cache-marshaller-bad-url", getId(),
-                    _inputResourceLocation).getMessage());
-            ise.initCause(ioe);
+                    _inputResourceLocation).getMessage(), ioe);
             throw ise;
         }
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationPlugin.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationPlugin.java
index 12a2dba..3fe100f 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationPlugin.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationPlugin.java
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public class SpecificationPlugin extends ObjectValue implements ValueListener {
             super.set(null);
             return;
         }
-        if (obj instanceof Specification == false) {
+        if (!(obj instanceof Specification)) {
             throw new UserException(_loc.get("spec-wrong-obj", obj,
                 obj.getClass())).setFatal(true);
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/AbstractDataCache.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/AbstractDataCache.java
index eff64cf..e21f699 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/AbstractDataCache.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/AbstractDataCache.java
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDataCache extends AbstractConcurrentEventManager
         _name = name;
     }
     public void setEnableStatistics(boolean enable){
-        if(enable == true){
+        if(enable){
             _stats.enable();
         }
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/DataCacheStoreManager.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/DataCacheStoreManager.java
index 45bfbe7..df38d1b 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/DataCacheStoreManager.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/DataCacheStoreManager.java
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ public class DataCacheStoreManager extends DelegatingStoreManager {
             for(int i = 0; i < oids.size(); i++) {
                 Object oid = oids.get(i);
                 // Only check the cache if we haven't found the current oid.
-                if (edata.get(i) == false && cache.contains(oid)) {
+                if (!edata.get(i) && cache.contains(oid)) {
                     edata.set(i);
                 }
             }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/QueryCacheStoreQuery.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/QueryCacheStoreQuery.java
index 9e55326..55fc3a5 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/QueryCacheStoreQuery.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/datacache/QueryCacheStoreQuery.java
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public class QueryCacheStoreQuery
         if (projs == 0) {
             // We're only going to return the cached results if we have ALL results cached. This could be improved
             // in the future to be a little more intelligent.
-            if (getContext().getStoreContext().isCached(res) == false) {
+            if (!getContext().getStoreContext().isCached(res)) {
                 return null;
             }
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/ee/WASRegistryManagedRuntime.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/ee/WASRegistryManagedRuntime.java
index 71cffa8..57cc1a1 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/ee/WASRegistryManagedRuntime.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/ee/WASRegistryManagedRuntime.java
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ public class WASRegistryManagedRuntime extends RegistryManagedRuntime {
 
         }
         catch(Exception e ) {
-            RuntimeException re = new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
-            re.initCause(e);
+            RuntimeException re = new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
             throw re;
         }
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/InstrumentationFactory.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/InstrumentationFactory.java
index 3516750..6e94635 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/InstrumentationFactory.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/InstrumentationFactory.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
      * Exceptions are encountered.
      */
     public static synchronized Instrumentation getInstrumentation(final Log log) {
-        if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+        if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
             log.trace(_name + ".getInstrumentation() _inst:" + _inst
                 + " _dynamicallyInstall:" + _dynamicallyInstall);
         }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
                 File toolsJar = null;
                 // When running on IBM, the attach api classes are packaged in vm.jar which is a part
                 // of the default vm classpath.
-                if (vendor.isIBM() == false) {
+                if (!vendor.isIBM()) {
                     // If we can't find the tools.jar and we're not on IBM we can't load the agent.
                     toolsJar = findToolsJar(log);
                     if (toolsJar == null) {
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
             .println("Agent-Class: " + InstrumentationFactory.class.getName());
         writer.println("Can-Redefine-Classes: true");
         // IBM doesn't support retransform
-        writer.println("Can-Retransform-Classes: " + Boolean.toString(JavaVendors.getCurrentVendor().isIBM() == false));
+        writer.println("Can-Retransform-Classes: " + (!JavaVendors.getCurrentVendor().isIBM()));
 
         writer.close();
 
@@ -179,27 +179,27 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
         File javaHomeFile = new File(javaHome);
 
         File toolsJarFile = new File(javaHomeFile, "lib" + File.separator + "tools.jar");
-        if (toolsJarFile.exists() == false) {
-            if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+        if (!toolsJarFile.exists()) {
+            if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                 log.trace(_name + ".findToolsJar() -- couldn't find default " + toolsJarFile.getAbsolutePath());
             }
             // If we're on an IBM SDK, then remove /jre off of java.home and try again.
-            if (javaHomeFile.getAbsolutePath().endsWith(File.separator + "jre") == true) {
+            if (javaHomeFile.getAbsolutePath().endsWith(File.separator + "jre")) {
                 javaHomeFile = javaHomeFile.getParentFile();
                 toolsJarFile = new File(javaHomeFile, "lib" + File.separator + "tools.jar");
-                if (toolsJarFile.exists() == false) {
-                    if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+                if (!toolsJarFile.exists()) {
+                    if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                         log.trace(_name + ".findToolsJar() -- for IBM SDK couldn't find " +
                             toolsJarFile.getAbsolutePath());
                     }
                 }
             } else if (System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).indexOf("mac") >= 0) {
                 // If we're on a Mac, then change the search path to use ../Classes/classes.jar.
-                if (javaHomeFile.getAbsolutePath().endsWith(File.separator + "Home") == true) {
+                if (javaHomeFile.getAbsolutePath().endsWith(File.separator + "Home")) {
                     javaHomeFile = javaHomeFile.getParentFile();
                     toolsJarFile = new File(javaHomeFile, "Classes" + File.separator + "classes.jar");
-                    if (toolsJarFile.exists() == false) {
-                        if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+                    if (!toolsJarFile.exists()) {
+                        if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                             log.trace(_name + ".findToolsJar() -- for Mac OS couldn't find " +
                                 toolsJarFile.getAbsolutePath());
                         }
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
             }
         }
 
-        if (toolsJarFile.exists() == false) {
+        if (!toolsJarFile.exists()) {
             return null;
         } else {
-            if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+            if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                 log.trace(_name + ".findToolsJar() -- found " + toolsJarFile.getAbsolutePath());
             }
             return toolsJarFile;
@@ -245,26 +245,26 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
         // class defined as the Agent-Class.
         boolean createJar = false;
         if (cs == null || agentJarFile == null
-            || agentJarFile.isDirectory() == true) {
+            || agentJarFile.isDirectory()) {
             createJar = true;
-        }else if(validateAgentJarManifest(agentJarFile, log, _name) == false){
+        }else if(!validateAgentJarManifest(agentJarFile, log, _name)){
             // We have an agentJarFile, but this class isn't the Agent-Class.
             createJar=true;
         }
 
         String agentJar;
-        if (createJar == true) {
+        if (createJar) {
             // This can happen when running in eclipse as an OpenJPA
             // developer or for some reason the CodeSource is null. We
             // should log a warning here because this will create a jar
             // in your temp directory that doesn't always get cleaned up.
             try {
                 agentJar = createAgentJar();
-                if (log.isInfoEnabled() == true) {
+                if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
                     log.info(_loc.get("temp-file-creation", agentJar));
                 }
             } catch (IOException ioe) {
-                if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+                if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                     log.trace(_name + ".getAgentJar() caught unexpected "
                         + "exception.", ioe);
                 }
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
             vmClass.getMethod("detach", new Class[] {}).invoke(vm,
                 new Object[] {});
         } catch (Throwable t) {
-            if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+            if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                 // Log the message from the exception. Don't log the entire
                 // stack as this is expected when running on a JDK that doesn't
                 // support the Attach API.
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
         try {
             ClassLoader loader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
             String cls = vendor.getVirtualMachineClassName();
-            if (vendor.isIBM() == false) {
+            if (!vendor.isIBM()) {
                 loader = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { toolsJar.toURI().toURL() }, loader);
             }
             return loader.loadClass(cls);
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ public class InstrumentationFactory {
                 return true;
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            if (log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+            if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                 log.trace(_name
                     + ".validateAgentJarManifest() caught unexpected "
                     + "exception " + e.getMessage());
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/ManagedClassSubclasser.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/ManagedClassSubclasser.java
index 0a7d376..8f6ef99 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/ManagedClassSubclasser.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/ManagedClassSubclasser.java
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class ManagedClassSubclasser {
                 if (!PersistenceCapable.class.isAssignableFrom(cls))
                     unenhanced.add(cls);
             if (unenhanced.size() > 0) {
-                if (PCEnhancerAgent.getLoadSuccessful() == true) {
+                if (PCEnhancerAgent.getLoadSuccessful()) {
                     // This means that the enhancer has been ran but we
                     // have some unenhanced classes. This can happen if an
                     // entity is loaded by the JVM before the EntityManger
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancer.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancer.java
index 73672b7..c303a76 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancer.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancer.java
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ public class PCEnhancer {
             addCopyKeyFieldsToObjectIdMethod(false);
             addCopyKeyFieldsFromObjectIdMethod(true);
             addCopyKeyFieldsFromObjectIdMethod(false);
-            if (_meta.hasAbstractPKField() == true) {
+            if (_meta.hasAbstractPKField()) {
                 addGetIDOwningClass();
             }
 
@@ -2745,7 +2745,7 @@ public class PCEnhancer {
             // new ObjectId (cls, oid)
             code.anew().setType(ObjectId.class);
             code.dup();
-            if(_meta.isEmbeddedOnly() || _meta.hasAbstractPKField() == true) {
+            if(_meta.isEmbeddedOnly() || _meta.hasAbstractPKField()) {
                 code.aload().setThis();
                 code.invokevirtual().setMethod(PRE + "GetIDOwningClass",
                     Class.class, null);
@@ -2760,7 +2760,7 @@ public class PCEnhancer {
         if (_meta.isOpenJPAIdentity() || (obj && usesClsString == Boolean.TRUE)) {
             if ((_meta.isEmbeddedOnly()
                 && !(_meta.isEmbeddable() && _meta.getIdentityType() == ClassMetaData.ID_APPLICATION))
-                || _meta.hasAbstractPKField() == true) {
+                || _meta.hasAbstractPKField()) {
                 code.aload().setThis();
                 code.invokevirtual().setMethod(PRE + "GetIDOwningClass", Class.class, null);
             } else {
@@ -3879,7 +3879,7 @@ public class PCEnhancer {
         loadManagedInstance(code, true, fmd);
         code.xload().setParam(firstParamOffset);
         addSetManagedValueCode(code, fmd);
-        if(fmd.isVersion()==true && _addVersionInitFlag){
+        if(fmd.isVersion() && _addVersionInitFlag){
             // if we are setting the version, flip the versionInit flag to true
             loadManagedInstance(code, true);
             code.constant().setValue(1);
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancerAgent.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancerAgent.java
index 83f6848..59bd3d2 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancerAgent.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/PCEnhancerAgent.java
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public class PCEnhancerAgent {
      * @return True if the agent is loaded successfully
      */
     public static synchronized boolean loadDynamicAgent(Log log) {
-        if (loadAttempted == false && disableDynamicAgent == false) {
+        if (!loadAttempted && !disableDynamicAgent) {
             Instrumentation inst =
                 InstrumentationFactory.getInstrumentation(log);
             if (inst != null) {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public class PCEnhancerAgent {
         // The agent will be disabled when running in an application
         // server.
         synchronized (PCEnhancerAgent.class) {
-            if (loadAttempted == true) {
+            if (loadAttempted) {
                 return;
             }
             // See the comment in loadDynamicAgent as to why we set this to true
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/Reflection.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/Reflection.java
index 4aad923..3cf6e88 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/Reflection.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/Reflection.java
@@ -946,9 +946,9 @@ public class Reflection {
     */
     static boolean canReflect(Reflectable cls, Reflectable member) {
         if (cls == null || cls.value()) {
-            return member == null || member.value() == true;
+            return member == null || member.value();
         } else {
-            return member != null && member.value() == true;
+            return member != null && member.value();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/event/TCPRemoteCommitProvider.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/event/TCPRemoteCommitProvider.java
index ab4793c..8563b04 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/event/TCPRemoteCommitProvider.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/event/TCPRemoteCommitProvider.java
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ public class TCPRemoteCommitProvider
     public void broadcast(final RemoteCommitEvent event) {
         // build a packet notifying other JVMs of object changes.
         try (ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-                ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);) {
+                ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos)) {
 
             oos.writeLong(PROTOCOL_VERSION);
             oos.writeLong(_id);
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/AbstractBrokerFactory.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/AbstractBrokerFactory.java
index f3d8266..ac35e72 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/AbstractBrokerFactory.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/AbstractBrokerFactory.java
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractBrokerFactory implements BrokerFactory {
 
         // Don't get a MetaDataRepository yet if not preloading because it is possible that someone has extended the MDR
         // and the extension hasn't been plugged in yet.
-        if (MetaDataRepository.needsPreload(_conf) == true) {
+        if (MetaDataRepository.needsPreload(_conf)) {
             // Don't catch any exceptions here because we want to fail-fast if something bad happens when we're
             // preloading.
             MetaDataRepository mdr = _conf.getMetaDataRepositoryInstance();
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/BrokerImpl.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/BrokerImpl.java
index 6642966..e8d893d 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/BrokerImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/BrokerImpl.java
@@ -2457,7 +2457,7 @@ public class BrokerImpl implements Broker, FindCallbacks, Cloneable, Serializabl
             }
         }
         if (opt && !failed.isEmpty()) {
-            if(_suppressBatchOLELogging == true){
+            if(_suppressBatchOLELogging){
                 return new OptimisticException(_loc.get("broker-suppressing-exceptions",t.length));
             }else{
                 return new OptimisticException(failed, t);
@@ -3568,7 +3568,7 @@ public class BrokerImpl implements Broker, FindCallbacks, Cloneable, Serializabl
     }
 
     private void detachAllInternal(OpCallbacks call) {
-        if(_conf.getDetachStateInstance().getLiteAutoDetach() == true){
+        if(_conf.getDetachStateInstance().getLiteAutoDetach()){
             detachAllInternalLite();
             return;
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManager.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManager.java
index e7084f7..beb1c7f 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManager.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManager.java
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ public class DetachManager
             _copy = false;
         }
         else {
-            _copy = compatibility.getCopyOnDetach();;
+            _copy = compatibility.getCopyOnDetach();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManagerLite.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManagerLite.java
index 7d04ca4..5d0cdcd 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManagerLite.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/DetachManagerLite.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public class DetachManagerLite {
             ClassMetaData cmd = sm.getMetaData();
             if (sm.isPersistent() && cmd.isDetachable()) {
                 PersistenceCapable pc = sm.getPersistenceCapable();
-                if (pc.pcIsDetached() == false) {
+                if (!pc.pcIsDetached()) {
                     // Detach proxy fields.
                     BitSet loaded = sm.getLoaded();
                     for (FieldMetaData fmd : cmd.getProxyFields()) {
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class DetachManagerLite {
         StateManagerImpl sm, TransferFieldManager fm) {
 
         int fieldIndex = fmd.getIndex();
-        if (fmd.isLRS() == true) {
+        if (fmd.isLRS()) {
             // need to null out LRS fields.
             nullField(fieldIndex, pc, sm, fm);
         } else {
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/FetchConfigurationImpl.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/FetchConfigurationImpl.java
index c77d6e9..6a36bd67 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/FetchConfigurationImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/FetchConfigurationImpl.java
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ public class FetchConfigurationImpl
 
 
     void copyHints(FetchConfiguration fetch) {
-        if (fetch instanceof FetchConfigurationImpl == false)
+        if (!(fetch instanceof FetchConfigurationImpl))
             return;
         FetchConfigurationImpl from = (FetchConfigurationImpl)fetch;
         if (from._state == null || from._state.hints == null)
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/QueryImpl.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/QueryImpl.java
index a316b89..e0a9b08 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/QueryImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/QueryImpl.java
@@ -1258,7 +1258,7 @@ public class QueryImpl implements Query {
             s = toString();
 
         String msg = "executing-query";
-        if (params.isEmpty() == false) {
+        if (!params.isEmpty()) {
             msg = "executing-query-with-params";
         }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/VersionAttachStrategy.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/VersionAttachStrategy.java
index 0850329..4eecec6 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/VersionAttachStrategy.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/kernel/VersionAttachStrategy.java
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class VersionAttachStrategy
                 Object pcField = Reflection.get(pc, pcVersionInitField);
                 if (pcField != null) {
                     boolean bool = (Boolean) pcField;
-                    if (bool == false) {
+                    if (!bool) {
                         // If this field if false, that means that the pcGetVersion returned a default value rather than
                         // and actual value.
                         version = null;
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/AbstractMetaDataDefaults.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/AbstractMetaDataDefaults.java
index f45e2ea..9a46408 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/AbstractMetaDataDefaults.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/AbstractMetaDataDefaults.java
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMetaDataDefaults
     public static String getFieldName(Member member) {
         if (member instanceof Field)
             return member.getName();
-        if (member instanceof Method == false)
+        if (!(member instanceof Method))
         	return null;
         Method method = (Method) member;
         String name = method.getName();
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/ClassMetaData.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/ClassMetaData.java
index 77e79a7..c40840e 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/ClassMetaData.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/ClassMetaData.java
@@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@ public class ClassMetaData
             }
             List<FieldMetaData> res = new ArrayList<>();
             for (FieldMetaData fmd : _allFields) {
-                if(fmd.isLRS()==true){
+                if(fmd.isLRS()){
                     res.add(fmd);
                 }
             }
@@ -1127,7 +1127,6 @@ public class ClassMetaData
         if (_fields == null) {
             List<FieldMetaData> fields =
             	new ArrayList<>(_fieldMap.size());
-            ;
             for (FieldMetaData fmd : _fieldMap.values()) {
                 if (fmd.getManagement() != FieldMetaData.MANAGE_NONE) {
                     fmd.setDeclaredIndex(fields.size());
@@ -1290,7 +1289,6 @@ public class ClassMetaData
     public FieldMetaData[] getDeclaredUnmanagedFields() {
         if (_unmgdFields == null) {
             List<FieldMetaData> unmanaged = new ArrayList<>(3);
-            ;
             for (FieldMetaData field : _fieldMap.values()) {
                 if (field.getManagement() == FieldMetaData.MANAGE_NONE)
                     unmanaged.add(field);
@@ -2714,7 +2712,7 @@ public class ClassMetaData
         // declares a PKField.
         Boolean temp = Boolean.FALSE;
 
-        if (isAbstract() == true) {
+        if (isAbstract()) {
             FieldMetaData[] declaredFields = getDeclaredFields();
             if (declaredFields != null && declaredFields.length != 0) {
                 for (FieldMetaData fmd : declaredFields) {
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/FieldMetaData.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/FieldMetaData.java
index 4d5fa26..3ea4388 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/FieldMetaData.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/FieldMetaData.java
@@ -2362,13 +2362,11 @@ public class FieldMetaData
                             cls, memberName, parameterTypes));
                 }
             } catch (SecurityException e) {
-                IOException ioe = new IOException(e.getMessage());
-                ioe.initCause(e);
+                IOException ioe = new IOException(e.getMessage(), e);
                 throw ioe;
             } catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
                 IOException ioe = new IOException(
-                    pae.getException().getMessage());
-                ioe.initCause(pae);
+                    pae.getException().getMessage(), pae);
                 throw ioe;
             }
         }
@@ -2465,7 +2463,7 @@ public class FieldMetaData
     	}
     	return _relationType;
     }
-    private class Unknown{};
+    private class Unknown{}
 
     public boolean isDelayCapable() {
         if (_delayCapable != null) {
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MetaDataRepository.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MetaDataRepository.java
index 94c1fb6..f305125 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MetaDataRepository.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MetaDataRepository.java
@@ -314,11 +314,11 @@ public class MetaDataRepository implements PCRegistry.RegisterClassListener, Con
      * MetaData for all persistent classes and will remove locking from this class.
      */
     public synchronized void preload() {
-        if (_preload == false) {
+        if (!_preload) {
             return;
         }
         // If pooling EMFs, this method may be invoked more than once. Only perform this work once.
-        if (_preloadComplete == true) {
+        if (_preloadComplete) {
             return;
         }
 
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ public class MetaDataRepository implements PCRegistry.RegisterClassListener, Con
         if (classes == null || classes.size() == 0) {
             throw new MetaDataException(_loc.get("repos-initializeEager-none"));
         }
-        if (_log.isTraceEnabled() == true) {
+        if (_log.isTraceEnabled()) {
             _log.trace(_loc.get("repos-initializeEager-found", classes));
         }
 
@@ -1960,7 +1960,7 @@ public class MetaDataRepository implements PCRegistry.RegisterClassListener, Con
         initializeMetaDataFactory();
         if (_implGen == null)
             _implGen = new InterfaceImplGenerator(this);
-        if (_preload == true) {
+        if (_preload) {
             _oids = new HashMap<>();
             _impls = new HashMap<>();
             _ifaces = new HashMap<>();
@@ -2533,7 +2533,7 @@ public class MetaDataRepository implements PCRegistry.RegisterClassListener, Con
         if (conf == null)
             return false;
         Options o = Configurations.parseProperties(Configurations.getProperties(conf.getMetaDataRepository()));
-        if (o.getBooleanProperty(PRELOAD_STR) == true || o.getBooleanProperty(PRELOAD_STR.toLowerCase()) == true) {
+        if (o.getBooleanProperty(PRELOAD_STR) || o.getBooleanProperty(PRELOAD_STR.toLowerCase())) {
             return true;
         }
         return false;
@@ -2544,12 +2544,12 @@ public class MetaDataRepository implements PCRegistry.RegisterClassListener, Con
      * is older than the current version.
      */
     private void checkEnhancementLevel(Class<?> cls) {
-        if (_logEnhancementLevel == false) {
+        if (!_logEnhancementLevel) {
             return;
         }
         Log log = _conf.getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_RUNTIME);
         boolean res = PCEnhancer.checkEnhancementLevel(cls, _conf.getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_RUNTIME));
-        if (log.isTraceEnabled() == false && res == true) {
+        if (!log.isTraceEnabled() && res) {
             // Since trace isn't enabled flip the flag so we only log this once.
             _logEnhancementLevel = false;
             log.info(_loc.get("down-level-entity"));
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MultiQueryMetaData.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MultiQueryMetaData.java
index f8793e3..8624337 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MultiQueryMetaData.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/meta/MultiQueryMetaData.java
@@ -147,7 +147,8 @@ public class MultiQueryMetaData extends QueryMetaData {
      *
      */
     public static class Parameter {
-        public enum Mode {IN,OUT,INOUT,CURSOR};
+        public enum Mode {IN,OUT,INOUT,CURSOR}
+
         private final String name;
         private final Class<?> type;
         private final Mode mode;
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationAdditionalTests.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationAdditionalTests.java
index e908fbf..a258e9a 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationAdditionalTests.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/conf/SpecificationAdditionalTests.java
@@ -20,10 +20,6 @@ package org.apache.openjpa.conf;
 
 
 import org.junit.Test;
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.meta.ClassMetaDataIterator;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.ClassMetaData;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.apache.openjpa.conf.*;
 
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeList.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeList.java
index 625fe94..fbb8e2e 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeList.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeList.java
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ class CustomProxyDefaultScopeList<E> extends AbstractSequentialList<E> {
 
     public static Object instance() {
         return new CustomProxyDefaultScopeList<Integer>();
-    };
+    }
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeType.java b/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeType.java
index 807bdf6..8ca4a15 100644
--- a/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeType.java
+++ b/openjpa-kernel/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/util/custom/CustomProxyDefaultScopeType.java
@@ -40,5 +40,5 @@ class CustomProxyDefaultScopeType {
 
     public static Object instance() {
         return new CustomProxyDefaultScopeType();
-    };
+    }
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/meta/XMLMetaDataParser.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/meta/XMLMetaDataParser.java
index 470bdf5..7f3a1d1 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/meta/XMLMetaDataParser.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/meta/XMLMetaDataParser.java
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ public abstract class XMLMetaDataParser extends DefaultHandler
             ClassLoader newLoader = null;
 
             try {
-                if (overrideCL == true) {
+                if (overrideCL) {
                     oldLoader =
                         (ClassLoader) AccessController.doPrivileged(J2DoPrivHelper.getContextClassLoaderAction());
                     newLoader = XMLMetaDataParser.class.getClassLoader();
@@ -432,11 +432,10 @@ public abstract class XMLMetaDataParser extends DefaultHandler
                 parser.parse(is, this);
                 finish();
             } catch (SAXException se) {
-                IOException ioe = new IOException(se.toString());
-                ioe.initCause(se);
+                IOException ioe = new IOException(se.toString(), se);
                 throw ioe;
             } finally {
-                if (overrideCL == true) {
+                if (overrideCL) {
                     // Restore the old ContextClassloader
                     try {
                         if (_log != null && _log.isTraceEnabled()) {
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/StringUtil.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/StringUtil.java
index b06afb8..2a46898 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/StringUtil.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/StringUtil.java
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public final class StringUtil {
             return true;
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < strLen; i++) {
-            if (Character.isWhitespace(cs.charAt(i)) == false) {
+            if (!Character.isWhitespace(cs.charAt(i))) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/UUIDGenerator.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/UUIDGenerator.java
index 700b76e..d454c9f 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/UUIDGenerator.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/UUIDGenerator.java
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public class UUIDGenerator {
      * the node portion of the UUID using the IP address.
      */
     private static synchronized void initializeForType1() {
-        if (type1Initialized == true) {
+        if (type1Initialized) {
             return;
         }
         // note that secure random is very slow the first time
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public class UUIDGenerator {
      * Creates a type 1 UUID
      */
     public static byte[] createType1() {
-        if (type1Initialized == false) {
+        if (!type1Initialized) {
             initializeForType1();
         }
         // set ip addr
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractDualBidiMap.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
index 89fba49..39defd2 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractDualBidiMap.java
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDualBidiMap<K, V> implements BidiMap<K, V> {
             boolean modified = false;
             final Iterator<E> it = iterator();
             while (it.hasNext()) {
-                if (coll.contains(it.next()) == false) {
+                if (!coll.contains(it.next())) {
                     it.remove();
                     modified = true;
                 }
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDualBidiMap<K, V> implements BidiMap<K, V> {
 
         @Override
         public void remove() {
-            if (canRemove == false) {
+            if (!canRemove) {
                 throw new IllegalStateException("Iterator remove() can only be called once after next()");
             }
             final Object value = parent.normalMap.get(lastKey);
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDualBidiMap<K, V> implements BidiMap<K, V> {
 
         @Override
         public void remove() {
-            if (canRemove == false) {
+            if (!canRemove) {
                 throw new IllegalStateException("Iterator remove() can only be called once after next()");
             }
             super.remove(); // removes from maps[0]
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDualBidiMap<K, V> implements BidiMap<K, V> {
 
         @Override
         public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDualBidiMap<K, V> implements BidiMap<K, V> {
 
         @Override
         public void remove() {
-            if (canRemove == false) {
+            if (!canRemove) {
                 throw new IllegalStateException("Iterator remove() can only be called once after next()");
             }
             // store value as remove may change the entry in the decorator (eg.TreeMap)
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDualBidiMap<K, V> implements BidiMap<K, V> {
 
         @Override
         public void remove() {
-            if (canRemove == false) {
+            if (!canRemove) {
                 throw new IllegalStateException("Iterator remove() can only be called once after next()");
             }
             // store value as remove may change the entry in the decorator (eg.TreeMap)
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractHashedMap.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractHashedMap.java
index b00dcc0..7101889 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractHashedMap.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractHashedMap.java
@@ -860,10 +860,10 @@ public class AbstractHashedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements Iterab
 
         @Override
         public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
-            if (contains(obj) == false) {
+            if (!contains(obj)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@ public class AbstractHashedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements Iterab
             if (obj == this) {
                 return true;
             }
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> other = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -1316,7 +1316,7 @@ public class AbstractHashedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements Iterab
         if (obj == this) {
             return true;
         }
-        if (obj instanceof Map == false) {
+        if (!(obj instanceof Map)) {
             return false;
         }
         final Map<?,?> map = (Map<?,?>) obj;
@@ -1329,11 +1329,11 @@ public class AbstractHashedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements Iterab
                 final Object key = it.next();
                 final Object value = it.getValue();
                 if (value == null) {
-                    if (map.get(key) != null || map.containsKey(key) == false) {
+                    if (map.get(key) != null || !map.containsKey(key)) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 } else {
-                    if (value.equals(map.get(key)) == false) {
+                    if (!value.equals(map.get(key))) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractMapEntry.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractMapEntry.java
index 6d4597c..530016e 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractMapEntry.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractMapEntry.java
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMapEntry<K, V> extends AbstractKeyValue<K, V> impl
         if (obj == this) {
             return true;
         }
-        if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+        if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
             return false;
         }
         final Map.Entry<?, ?> other = (Map.Entry<?, ?>) obj;
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractReferenceMap.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractReferenceMap.java
index 78fc97d..da46be8 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractReferenceMap.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/AbstractReferenceMap.java
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractReferenceMap<K, V> extends AbstractHashedMap<K, V>
             if (obj == this) {
                 return true;
             }
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/ComparatorChain.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/ComparatorChain.java
index f05aec5..0a8eae0 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/ComparatorChain.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/ComparatorChain.java
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain<E> implements Comparator<E>, Serializable {
         comparatorChain = new ArrayList<>(1);
         comparatorChain.add(comparator);
         orderingBits = new BitSet(1);
-        if (reverse == true) {
+        if (reverse) {
             orderingBits.set(0);
         }
     }
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain<E> implements Comparator<E>, Serializable {
         checkLocked();
 
         comparatorChain.add(comparator);
-        if (reverse == true) {
+        if (reverse) {
             orderingBits.set(comparatorChain.size() - 1);
         }
     }
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain<E> implements Comparator<E>, Serializable {
         checkLocked();
 
         comparatorChain.set(index,comparator);
-        if (reverse == true) {
+        if (reverse) {
             orderingBits.set(index);
         } else {
             orderingBits.clear(index);
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain<E> implements Comparator<E>, Serializable {
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the {@link ComparatorChain} is locked
      */
     private void checkLocked() {
-        if (isLocked == true) {
+        if (isLocked) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
                     "Comparator ordering cannot be changed after the first comparison is performed");
         }
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain<E> implements Comparator<E>, Serializable {
      */
     @Override
     public int compare(final E o1, final E o2) throws UnsupportedOperationException {
-        if (isLocked == false) {
+        if (!isLocked) {
             checkChainIntegrity();
             isLocked = true;
         }
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ public class ComparatorChain<E> implements Comparator<E>, Serializable {
             int retval = comparator.compare(o1,o2);
             if (retval != 0) {
                 // invert the order if it is a reverse sort
-                if (orderingBits.get(comparatorIndex) == true) {
+                if (orderingBits.get(comparatorIndex)) {
                     if (retval > 0) {
                         retval = -1;
                     } else {
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/IteratorChain.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/IteratorChain.java
index 734dd48..78ebf2b 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/IteratorChain.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/IteratorChain.java
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public class IteratorChain<E> implements Iterator<E> {
      * Checks whether the iterator chain is now locked and in use.
      */
     private void checkLocked() {
-        if (isLocked == true) {
+        if (isLocked) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
                     "IteratorChain cannot be changed after the first use of a method from the Iterator interface");
         }
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ public class IteratorChain<E> implements Iterator<E> {
      * from all Iterator interface methods.
      */
     private void lockChain() {
-        if (isLocked == false) {
+        if (!isLocked) {
             isLocked = true;
         }
     }
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ public class IteratorChain<E> implements Iterator<E> {
             lastUsedIterator = currentIterator;
         }
 
-        while (currentIterator.hasNext() == false && !iteratorChain.isEmpty()) {
+        while (!currentIterator.hasNext() && !iteratorChain.isEmpty()) {
             currentIterator = iteratorChain.remove();
         }
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/TreeBidiMap.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/TreeBidiMap.java
index 97008e9..b665c44 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/TreeBidiMap.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/collections/TreeBidiMap.java
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@ public class TreeBidiMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V extends Comparable<V>>
         if (obj == this) {
             return true;
         }
-        if (obj instanceof Map == false) {
+        if (!(obj instanceof Map)) {
             return false;
         }
         final Map<?, ?> other = (Map<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ public class TreeBidiMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V extends Comparable<V>>
                 for (final MapIterator<?, ?> it = getMapIterator(dataElement); it.hasNext(); ) {
                     final Object key = it.next();
                     final Object value = it.getValue();
-                    if (value.equals(other.get(key)) == false) {
+                    if (!value.equals(other.get(key))) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -1571,7 +1571,7 @@ public class TreeBidiMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V extends Comparable<V>>
 
         @Override
         public boolean contains(final Object obj) {
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -1582,7 +1582,7 @@ public class TreeBidiMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V extends Comparable<V>>
 
         @Override
         public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -1612,7 +1612,7 @@ public class TreeBidiMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V extends Comparable<V>>
 
         @Override
         public boolean contains(final Object obj) {
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ public class TreeBidiMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V extends Comparable<V>>
 
         @Override
         public boolean remove(final Object obj) {
-            if (obj instanceof Map.Entry == false) {
+            if (!(obj instanceof Map.Entry)) {
                 return false;
             }
             final Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/git/GitUtils.java b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/git/GitUtils.java
index 6b6288d..cad3741 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/git/GitUtils.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/git/GitUtils.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public class GitUtils {
      *  @return The formatted int version, or -1 if gitinfo is null or unparsable.
      */
     public static int convertGitInfoToPCEnhancerVersion(String gitinfo) {
-        if (gitinfo == null || fullRevisionPattern.matcher(gitinfo).matches() == false) {
+        if (gitinfo == null || !fullRevisionPattern.matcher(gitinfo).matches()) {
             return -1;
         }
         
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/rop/ResultListTest.java b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/rop/ResultListTest.java
index 3fd7fe3..ed113f4 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/rop/ResultListTest.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/rop/ResultListTest.java
@@ -306,10 +306,10 @@ public abstract class ResultListTest extends AbstractTestCase {
             ResultList list = getResultList(rops[i]);
             try {
                 List subList = list.subList(0, 0);
-                if (subListSupported == false)
+                if (!subListSupported)
                     fail("Should not support subList.");
             } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
-                if (subListSupported == true)
+                if (subListSupported)
                     fail("Should support subList.");
             }
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/test/AbstractTestCase.java b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/test/AbstractTestCase.java
index 18a3ff4..7c5a445 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/test/AbstractTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/test/AbstractTestCase.java
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTestCase {
      * Support method to get a random String for testing.
      */
     public static String randomString(int len) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < (int) (Math.random() * len) + 1; i++)
             buf.append(randomChar());
         return buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestPropertiesParser.java b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestPropertiesParser.java
index 372d1b2..8dc734d 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestPropertiesParser.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestPropertiesParser.java
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public class TestPropertiesParser {
 
     @Test
     public void testSimpleProperties() throws IOException {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         buf.append("key: value" + LS);
         buf.append("key2: value2"); // no EOL -- this is intentional
         Properties p = toProperties(buf.toString());
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class TestPropertiesParser {
 
     @Test
     public void testComments() throws IOException {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         buf.append("# this is a comment" + LS);
         buf.append(" # another one, with leading whitespace	" + LS);
         buf.append(" 	# 	and more with interesting whitespace	" + LS);
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public class TestPropertiesParser {
 
     @Test
     public void testMixedContent() throws IOException {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         buf.append("# this is a comment" + LS);
         buf.append(" # another one, with leading whitespace	" + LS);
         buf.append("foo: bar#baz" + LS);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public class TestPropertiesParser {
 
     @Test
     public void testLineTypes() throws IOException {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         buf.append("   !comment" + LS + " \t  " + LS + "name = no" + LS + "    "
             + "#morec\tomm\\" + LS + "ents" + LS + LS + "  dog=no\\cat   " + LS
             + "burps    :" + LS + "test=" + LS + "date today" + LS + LS + LS
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public class TestPropertiesParser {
     }
 
     static String randomString(int len) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < (int) (Math.random() * len) + 1; i++)
             buf.append(randomChar());
         return buf.toString();
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ public class TestPropertiesParser {
     static String stripComments(byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader
             (new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes)));
-        StringBuffer sbuf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder sbuf = new StringBuilder();
         String line;
         while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
             // skip comments
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestTemporaryClassLoader.java b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestTemporaryClassLoader.java
index b2229ed..80f38dc 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestTemporaryClassLoader.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/util/TestTemporaryClassLoader.java
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ package org.apache.openjpa.lib.util;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-import junit.framework.TestCase;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestDocTypeReader.java b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestDocTypeReader.java
index 36c06b8..0195012 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestDocTypeReader.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestDocTypeReader.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public class TestDocTypeReader {
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() {
-        StringBuffer docType = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder docType = new StringBuilder();
         docType.append("<!DOCTYPE foo [\n");
         docType.append("\t<!ELEMENT foo (bar)>\n");
         docType.append("\t<!ELEMENT bar EMPTY>\n");
@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@ public class TestDocTypeReader {
         docType.append("]>\n");
         _docType = docType.toString();
 
-        StringBuffer expectedXML = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder expectedXML = new StringBuilder();
         String header = "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n";
         String comment = "<!-- some < ... > <! funky -> - comment -->\n";
         expectedXML.append(header);
         expectedXML.append(comment);
         expectedXML.append(docType.toString());
 
-        StringBuffer xmlWithDocType = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder xmlWithDocType = new StringBuilder();
         xmlWithDocType.append(header);
         xmlWithDocType.append(comment);
         xmlWithDocType.append(docType.toString());
 
-        StringBuffer validXML = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder validXML = new StringBuilder();
         validXML.append("<foo>\n");
         validXML.append("\t<bar attr=\"newValue\"/>\n");
         validXML.append("</foo>");
@@ -86,18 +86,18 @@ public class TestDocTypeReader {
         _expectedXML = expectedXML.toString();
         _xmlWithDocType = xmlWithDocType.toString();
 
-        StringBuffer invalidXML = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder invalidXML = new StringBuilder();
         invalidXML.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n");
         invalidXML.append("<foo>\n");
         invalidXML.append("\t<xxx />\n");
         invalidXML.append("</foo>");
         _invalidXML = invalidXML.toString();
 
-        StringBuffer expectedHTML = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder expectedHTML = new StringBuilder();
         header = "   \n  ";
         expectedHTML.append(header);
         expectedHTML.append(docType.toString());
-        StringBuffer validHTML = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder validHTML = new StringBuilder();
         validHTML.append("some junk <html><body></body></html>  ");
         expectedHTML.append(validHTML.toString());
         _validHTML = header + validHTML.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestXMLWriter.java b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestXMLWriter.java
index af6d102..b921d54 100644
--- a/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestXMLWriter.java
+++ b/openjpa-lib/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/lib/xml/TestXMLWriter.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public class TestXMLWriter {
         trans.transform(source, result);
 
         // read the correct output into a buffer
-        StringBuffer correct = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder correct = new StringBuilder();
         InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader
             (getClass().getResourceAsStream("formatted-result.xml"));
         for (int c; (c = reader.read()) != -1; correct.append((char) c)) ;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser.java
index cd0c954..26e6274 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser.java
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ public class AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser
      */
     private void parseEnumerated(FieldMapping fm, Enumerated anno) {
         String strat = EnumValueHandler.class.getName() + "(StoreOrdinal="
-            + String.valueOf(anno.value() == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
+            + (anno.value() == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
         if (fm.isElementCollection())
             fm.getElementMapping().getValueInfo().setStrategy(strat);
         else
@@ -1601,7 +1601,7 @@ public class AnnotationPersistenceMappingParser
      */
     private void parseMapKeyEnumerated(FieldMapping fm, MapKeyEnumerated anno) {
         String strat = EnumValueHandler.class.getName() + "(StoreOrdinal="
-            + String.valueOf(anno.value() == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
+            + (anno.value() == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
         fm.getKeyMapping().getValueInfo().setStrategy(strat);
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/JDBCPersistenceProductDerivation.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/JDBCPersistenceProductDerivation.java
index 2570488..c754ede 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/JDBCPersistenceProductDerivation.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/JDBCPersistenceProductDerivation.java
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
  */
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.jdbc;
 
-import static java.util.Collections.singleton;
-
 import java.security.AccessController;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/XMLPersistenceMappingParser.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/XMLPersistenceMappingParser.java
index cc0f464..7cd2f22 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/XMLPersistenceMappingParser.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/XMLPersistenceMappingParser.java
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ public class XMLPersistenceMappingParser
 
         FieldMapping fm = (FieldMapping) currentElement();
         String strat = EnumValueHandler.class.getName() + "(StoreOrdinal="
-            + String.valueOf(type == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
+            + (type == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
         if (fm.isElementCollection())
             fm.getElementMapping().getValueInfo().setStrategy(strat);
         else
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ public class XMLPersistenceMappingParser
 
         FieldMapping fm = (FieldMapping) currentElement();
         String strat = EnumValueHandler.class.getName() + "(StoreOrdinal="
-            + String.valueOf(type == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
+            + (type == EnumType.ORDINAL) + ")";
         fm.getKeyMapping().getValueInfo().setStrategy(strat);
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess.java
index 106b057..8899670 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess.java
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public class UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccess {
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
-            return String.valueOf(id0)
-                + "::" + String.valueOf(id1);
+            return id0
+                + "::" + id1;
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass.java
index cdaf3f1..ee7f0cf 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass.java
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public class UnenhancedCompoundPKFieldAccessSuperclass {
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
-            return String.valueOf(id0)
-                + "::" + String.valueOf(id1);
+            return id0
+                + "::" + id1;
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess.java
index 8db7d8a..280ba7a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess.java
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ public class UnenhancedCompoundPKPropertyAccess {
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
-            return String.valueOf(id0)
-                + "::" + String.valueOf(id1);
+            return id0
+                + "::" + id1;
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TestJDBCStoreOptSelect.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TestJDBCStoreOptSelect.java
index 9e36ed8..20d570f 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TestJDBCStoreOptSelect.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/kernel/TestJDBCStoreOptSelect.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public class TestJDBCStoreOptSelect extends SQLListenerTestCase {
         try {
             sql.clear();
 
-            if (store instanceof JDBCStoreManager == false) {
+            if (!(store instanceof JDBCStoreManager)) {
                 fail("StoreManager is not an instanceof JDBCStoreManager");
             }
             // Set this JDBCFetchPlan property so that we will select FKs for fields that are in the DFG, but not
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/AbstractLobTest.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/AbstractLobTest.java
index 95ef6d6..26491f1 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/AbstractLobTest.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/strats/AbstractLobTest.java
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.conf.OpenJPAConfiguration;
 import org.apache.openjpa.datacache.DataCachePCData;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.sql.DB2Dictionary;
 import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.sql.MySQLDictionary;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.sql.OracleDictionary;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.sql.SQLServerDictionary;
 import org.apache.openjpa.meta.ClassMetaData;
 import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.JPAFacadeHelper;
 import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.OpenJPAEntityManager;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestDelimitIdentifiers.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestDelimitIdentifiers.java
index e91b998..1ae5ec2 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestDelimitIdentifiers.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/sql/TestDelimitIdentifiers.java
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ public class TestDelimitIdentifiers {
 
         public enum EnumType {
             Value1, Value2
-        };
+        }
 
         // @Basic types
         private short shortField;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira1794/TestAggregateFunctions.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira1794/TestAggregateFunctions.java
index aa7cc4e..13a6b0d 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira1794/TestAggregateFunctions.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira1794/TestAggregateFunctions.java
@@ -202,7 +202,6 @@ public class TestAggregateFunctions extends SingleEMFTestCase {
                         + "(SELECT " + func + "("
                         + attr.replaceFirst("^ae.", "ae2.")
                         + ") FROM AggEntity ae2)";
-                ;
                 Query q = em.createQuery(sql);
                 verifyQueryResult(q, expectNull, isString);
             }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira2780/Jira2780Enum.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira2780/Jira2780Enum.java
index 14b2e3a..b1b297d 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira2780/Jira2780Enum.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/jira2780/Jira2780Enum.java
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.jira2780;
 
 public enum Jira2780Enum {
-    A, B, C;
+    A, B, C
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/access/FieldSub3.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/access/FieldSub3.java
index 5b8b656..8bf91c8 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/access/FieldSub3.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/access/FieldSub3.java
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import java.util.Date;
 
 import javax.persistence.Access;
 import javax.persistence.AccessType;
-import javax.persistence.Column;
 import javax.persistence.Entity;
 import javax.persistence.NamedQueries;
 import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java
index 4670a75..55a4e4e 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class TestEJBEmbedded extends AnnotationTestCase
     private static final String CLOB;
 
     static {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
             buf.append('a');
         CLOB = buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java
index 6b79384..c8f502c 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public class TestSerializedLobs extends AnnotationTestCase
         startTx(em);
 
         AnnoTest1 pc = new AnnoTest1(1);
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
             buf.append((char) ('a' + (i % 24)));
         pc.setClob(buf.toString());
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/apps/CompUser.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/apps/CompUser.java
index 502a5b8..9b0a1be 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/apps/CompUser.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/apps/CompUser.java
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ public class CompUser {
 
     public enum CreditRating {
         POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT
-    };
+    }
 
     public String[] getNicknames() {
         return nicknames;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/utils/AbstractTestCase.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/utils/AbstractTestCase.java
index c62d603..d56ab2f 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/utils/AbstractTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/common/utils/AbstractTestCase.java
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTestCase extends AbstractCachedEMFTestCase {
      * Support method to get a random String for testing.
      */
     public static String randomString(int len) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < (int) (Math.random() * len) + 1; i++)
             buf.append(randomChar());
         return buf.toString();
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTestCase extends AbstractCachedEMFTestCase {
      * Support method to get a random clob for testing.
      */
     public static String randomClob() {
-        StringBuffer sbuf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder sbuf = new StringBuilder();
         while (sbuf.length() < (5 * 1024)) // at least 5K
         {
             sbuf.append(randomString(1024));
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTestCase extends AbstractCachedEMFTestCase {
                         // get to everyone starting at the same time, the
                         // better chance we have for identifying MT problems.
                         while (System.currentTimeMillis() < startMillis)
-                            yield();
+                            Thread.yield();
 
                         int thisIteration = 1;
                         try {
@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTestCase extends AbstractCachedEMFTestCase {
             // skip our own methods!
             if (shortMethodName.equals("callingMethod"))
                 continue;
-            if (exclude != null && shortMethodName.equals(exclude))
+            if (shortMethodName.equals(exclude))
                 continue;
 
             return shortMethodName;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions.java
index 83d033a..4a3e1cc 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions.java
@@ -888,7 +888,7 @@ public class TestContainerSpecCompatibilityOptions
     }
 
     public String toString(List<String> list) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String s : list)
             buf.append(s).append("\r\n");
         return buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestSpecCompatibilityOptions.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestSpecCompatibilityOptions.java
index 64bb853..1ded560 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestSpecCompatibilityOptions.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/compat/TestSpecCompatibilityOptions.java
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ extends AbstractCachedEMFTestCase {
             "buildSchema(ForeignKeys=true,SchemaAction='drop,add')");
         map.put("openjpa.Compatibility", "StrictIdentityValues=true");
 
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (Class<?> c : types) {
             if (buf.length() > 0) {
                 buf.append(";");
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@ extends AbstractCachedEMFTestCase {
     }
 
     public String toString(List<String> list) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String s : list)
             buf.append(s).append("\r\n");
         return buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/AbstractCriteriaTestCase.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/AbstractCriteriaTestCase.java
index fa2a4d0..3f405b1 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/AbstractCriteriaTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/AbstractCriteriaTestCase.java
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractCriteriaTestCase extends TestCase {
         map.put("openjpa.Compatibility", "QuotedNumbersInQueries=true");
         map.put("openjpa.jdbc.JDBCListeners", new JDBCListener[] { getAuditor() });
 
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (Class<?> c : types) {
             if (buf.length() > 0)
                 buf.append(";");
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CompUser.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CompUser.java
index bac5ab9..1d816f9 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CompUser.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CompUser.java
@@ -118,5 +118,5 @@ public class CompUser
         this.creditRating = rating;
     }
 
-    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/Customer.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/Customer.java
index 30f86c3..f21dd3a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/Customer.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/Customer.java
@@ -155,5 +155,5 @@ public class Customer {
         this.creditRating = rating;
     }
 
-    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/TestSubqueries.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/TestSubqueries.java
index 2dce0cf..fc73d9f 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/TestSubqueries.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/TestSubqueries.java
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.criteria;
 
 import java.sql.Timestamp;
-import java.util.List;
 
-import javax.persistence.Parameter;
 import javax.persistence.Tuple;
 import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.*;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestClearableScheduler.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestClearableScheduler.java
index dbbd2ce..4c79982 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestClearableScheduler.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestClearableScheduler.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.test.SingleEMFTestCase;
 public class TestClearableScheduler extends SingleEMFTestCase {
 
     private static String getMinutesString() {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
             if (i % 2 == 0)
                 buf.append(i).append(',');
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestDataCacheOptimisticLockRecovery.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestDataCacheOptimisticLockRecovery.java
index 54504c0..b43a001 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestDataCacheOptimisticLockRecovery.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/datacache/TestDataCacheOptimisticLockRecovery.java
@@ -25,12 +25,10 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
 import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
 import javax.persistence.LockModeType;
 import javax.persistence.RollbackException;
-import javax.sql.DataSource;
 
 import org.apache.openjpa.event.RemoteCommitEvent;
 import org.apache.openjpa.event.RemoteCommitListener;
 import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.JPAFacadeHelper;
-import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.OpenJPAEntityManagerFactorySPI;
 import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.OpenJPAPersistence;
 import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.test.SingleEMFTestCase;
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/A.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/A.java
index a24c30a..114bade 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/A.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/A.java
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class A implements java.io.Serializable {
     int value;
 
     @ElementCollection
-    protected Set<Embed> embeds = new HashSet();
+    protected Set<Embed> embeds = new HashSet<>();
 
     @CollectionTable(name = "collectionTemporalOrderColumnTable",
             joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "parent_id"))
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Coll_String.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Coll_String.java
index 4208c30..d54add6 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Coll_String.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Coll_String.java
@@ -127,6 +127,6 @@ public class EntityA_Coll_String implements Serializable {
         lobs.add(lob);
     }
 
-    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Embed_Complex.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Embed_Complex.java
index 514d21b..9bfcae9 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Embed_Complex.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/EntityA_Embed_Complex.java
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public class EntityA_Embed_Complex implements Serializable {
         lobs.add(lob);
     }
 
-    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 
     public Embed_Embed getEmbed() {
         return embed;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/Item4.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/Item4.java
index 7e8f7ad..2d971f5 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/Item4.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/Item4.java
@@ -60,6 +60,6 @@ public class Item4 {
         return images.get(cat);
     }
 
-    public enum Catagory { A1, A2, A3, A4 };
+    public enum Catagory { A1, A2, A3, A4 }
 
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/TestEmbeddableXml.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/TestEmbeddableXml.java
index f66b812..c4284d6 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/TestEmbeddableXml.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/TestEmbeddableXml.java
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class TestEmbeddableXml extends SingleEMFTestCase {
         Query q = em.createQuery(jpql);
         List<FeatureXml> fList = (List<FeatureXml>) q.getResultList();
         for (FeatureXml f : fList) {
-            List<AttributeXml> aList = f.getAttributes();;
+            List<AttributeXml> aList = f.getAttributes();
             assertEquals(1, aList.size());
         }
         em.close();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/attrOverrides/TestAssocOverridesXML.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/attrOverrides/TestAssocOverridesXML.java
index 4395006..da1d90e 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/attrOverrides/TestAssocOverridesXML.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/attrOverrides/TestAssocOverridesXML.java
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public class TestAssocOverridesXML  extends AbstractPersistenceTestCase{
     }
 
     private static String toString(List<String> list) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String s : list)
             buf.append(s).append("\r\n");
         return buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/lazy/TestLazyEmbeddable.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/lazy/TestLazyEmbeddable.java
index 82b8fc7..51fdbb9 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/lazy/TestLazyEmbeddable.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/embed/lazy/TestLazyEmbeddable.java
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class TestLazyEmbeddable extends AbstractPersistenceTestCase {
 
 
     private static String toString(List<String> list) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String s : list)
             buf.append(s).append("\r\n");
         return buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/BeneContactId.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/BeneContactId.java
index a2aa828..24ba9f4 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/BeneContactId.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/BeneContactId.java
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public class BeneContactId implements Serializable {
 
 	@Override
     public int hashCode() {
-		String hash = beneficiaryPK + Integer.toString(type.ordinal());
+		String hash = beneficiaryPK + type.ordinal();
 		return hash.hashCode();
 	}
 
@@ -73,5 +73,5 @@ public class BeneContactId implements Serializable {
 		this.type = type;
 	}
 
-	public enum ContactType {HOME, BUSINESS, OTHER;}
+	public enum ContactType {HOME, BUSINESS, OTHER}
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/Employee.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/Employee.java
index ebb661c..154a2bd 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/Employee.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/Employee.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public class Employee {
         return true;
     }
 
-    public enum EmpType { A1, A2, A3, A4 };
+    public enum EmpType { A1, A2, A3, A4 }
 
 
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1.java
index 19e1227..04d2f85 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/enhance/identity/TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1.java
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ public class TestMultipleLevelDerivedIdentity1 extends SQLListenerTestCase {
 
     @Override
     public String toString(List<String> list) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String s : list)
             buf.append(s).append("\r\n");
         return buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/event/common/apps/Duration.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/event/common/apps/Duration.java
index c477abe..8c586c5 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/event/common/apps/Duration.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/event/common/apps/Duration.java
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public class Duration
 
         double time = 0.0;
 
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(256);
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(256);
 
         if (wasStarted()) {
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/generationtype/TestMultipleSchemaNames.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/generationtype/TestMultipleSchemaNames.java
index 2060586..ac640e3 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/generationtype/TestMultipleSchemaNames.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/generationtype/TestMultipleSchemaNames.java
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.generationtype;
 
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
 import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
 import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/graph/TestPersistentGraph.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/graph/TestPersistentGraph.java
index 2258f00..30a9736 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/graph/TestPersistentGraph.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/graph/TestPersistentGraph.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.test.SingleEMFTestCase;
 public class TestPersistentGraph extends SingleEMFTestCase {
     private static enum Emotion {
         LOVES, HATES, KNOWS
-    };
+    }
 
     // Identity of People is their SSN
     private static final long[] SSN = { 123456781, 123456782, 123456783, 123456784, 123456785 };
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/identity/CompoundBooleanId.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/identity/CompoundBooleanId.java
index 84a54dd..dd76950 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/identity/CompoundBooleanId.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/identity/CompoundBooleanId.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public class CompoundBooleanId {
     public int hashCode() {
         int result = 1;
         result = result + ((stringId == null) ? 0 : stringId.hashCode());
-        result = result + ((booleanId == false) ? 0 : 1);
+        result = result + ((!booleanId) ? 0 : 1);
         return result;
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/inheritance/entities/EntityMapping.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/inheritance/entities/EntityMapping.java
index ab66a57..a3de171 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/inheritance/entities/EntityMapping.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/inheritance/entities/EntityMapping.java
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ public class EntityMapping {
         public String getEntityName() {
             return getEntityClass().getSimpleName();
         }
-    };
+    }
 
     public final static InheritanceEntityMapping[] PIdJTIDMSC = {
         InheritanceEntityMapping.PIdJTIDMSCRootEntity,
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java
index c1c9a0e..80f1e10 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestEJBEmbedded.java
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public class TestEJBEmbedded extends SingleEMFTestCase {
     private static final String CLOB;
 
     static {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
             buf.append('a');
         CLOB = buf.toString();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java
index d61365d..a030918 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/annotations/TestSerializedLobs.java
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public class TestSerializedLobs extends SingleEMFTestCase {
         em.getTransaction().begin();
 
         AnnoTest1 pc = new AnnoTest1(1);
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
             buf.append((char) ('a' + (i % 24)));
         pc.setClob(buf.toString());
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/ByteArrayPKPCId.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/ByteArrayPKPCId.java
index 4741ba6..e14e580 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/ByteArrayPKPCId.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/ByteArrayPKPCId.java
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class ByteArrayPKPCId implements Serializable {
         if (b == null)
             return "null";
 
-        StringBuffer r = new StringBuffer(b.length * 2);
+        StringBuilder r = new StringBuilder(b.length * 2);
         for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++)
             for (int j = 1; j >= 0; j--)
                 r.append(HEX[(b[i] >> (j * 4)) & 0xF]);
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/MappingTest2ID.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/MappingTest2ID.java
index 31fe781..ec0f30d 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/MappingTest2ID.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/MappingTest2ID.java
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class MappingTest2ID	implements Serializable
 	@Override
     public String toString ()
 	{
-		return String.valueOf (this.pk1)
-			+ "::" + String.valueOf (this.pk2);
+		return this.pk1
+			+ "::" + this.pk2;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/mappingApp/CompositeId.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/mappingApp/CompositeId.java
index 9997a9f..8b2b25e 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/mappingApp/CompositeId.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/common/apps/mappingApp/CompositeId.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class CompositeId implements Serializable {
 	@Override
 	public boolean equals (Object other)
 	{
-		if (other instanceof CompositeId==false)
+		if (!(other instanceof CompositeId))
 			return false;
 
 		CompositeId that = (CompositeId) other;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestCircularFK.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestCircularFK.java
index b2dd132..edd0038 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestCircularFK.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestCircularFK.java
@@ -108,13 +108,13 @@ public class TestCircularFK extends BaseJDBCTest{
         CircularFKPC pc1 = (CircularFKPC) pm.find(CircularFKPC.class,_oid1);
         CircularFKPC2 pc2 = (CircularFKPC2) pm.find(CircularFKPC2.class,_oid2);
 
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         CircularFKPC2 pc3 = new CircularFKPC2();
         pc3.setStringField("pc3");
         pc3.setFKField(pc1);
         pc1.setFKField(pc3);
         pc2.setFKField(null);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         pm.close();
 
         pm = getPM();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestEfficientAttach.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestEfficientAttach.java
index e739a3d..dfcd303 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestEfficientAttach.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/kernel/TestEfficientAttach.java
@@ -91,11 +91,11 @@ public class TestEfficientAttach extends TestSQLListenerTestCase {
 
     private void attachTest() {
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager) currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         AttachE e = new AttachE();
         e.setB(new AttachB());
         pm.persist(e);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         //FIXME jthomas - could not find equivalent for detachCopy()
         //attachCopy() etc
 /*
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/mapping/TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/mapping/TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping.java
index 954523e..e4af19a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/mapping/TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/mapping/TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping.java
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ public class TestCompositeIdTraversalInSQLMapping extends AbstractTestCase {
 	String createSelfJoinSQL(String table, int depth, int id)
 	{
 
-		StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("SELECT ");
+		StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder("SELECT ");
 		for (int i=0; i<depth; i++)
 			sql.append("t"+i+".ID AS T"+i+"_ID, ")
 			   .append("t"+i+".NAME AS T"+i+"_NAME, ")
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/maps/spec_10_1_27_ex8/TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/maps/spec_10_1_27_ex8/TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8.java
index 4ce00e7..ec02106 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/maps/spec_10_1_27_ex8/TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/maps/spec_10_1_27_ex8/TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8.java
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.test.SQLListenerTestCase;
 
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import static junit.framework.TestCase.assertEquals;
-import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.jdbc.maps.spec_10_1_27_ex6.Division;
 
 
 public class TestSpec10_1_27_Ex8 extends SQLListenerTestCase {
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestBuildSchema.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestBuildSchema.java
index d180df9..8c65969 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestBuildSchema.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestBuildSchema.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public class TestBuildSchema
 
         BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader
             (getClass().getResourceAsStream("TestBuildSchema-schema.rsrc")));
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (int ch; (ch = in.read()) != -1;)
             buf.append((char) ch);
         in.close();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerDistinct.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerDistinct.java
index 3a30622..e304482 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerDistinct.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerDistinct.java
@@ -195,10 +195,10 @@ public class TestEagerDistinct
         pc3.getHelperCollection().add(new HelperPC());
         eager2.getRecurseCollection().add(pc3);
 
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(eager1);
         pm.persist(eager2);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         // make sure subclasses selected, etc
         //FIXME jthomas
         pm.createNativeQuery("",EagerPC.class).getResultList();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerOuterToManyJoins.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerOuterToManyJoins.java
index de9bec2..48d8346 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerOuterToManyJoins.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestEagerOuterToManyJoins.java
@@ -168,10 +168,10 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
         }
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
 
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
         pm.persist(pc2);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc1);
         pm.close();
         return oid;
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
         startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
         pm.persist(pc2);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc1);
         pm.close();
         return oid;
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
         startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
         pm.persist(pc2);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc1);
         pm.close();
         return oid;
@@ -528,10 +528,10 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
         }
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
         pm.persist(pc2);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc1);
         pm.close();
         return oid;
@@ -625,10 +625,10 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
         pc2.getManyManyList().add(hpc);
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
         pm.persist(pc2);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc1);
         pm.close();
         return oid;
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
 
     private void insertManyStringList() {
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
             EagerOuterJoinPC pc = new EagerOuterJoinPC();
             pc.setName(String.valueOf(i));
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
             pc.getStringList().add(i + ".2");
             pm.persist(pc);
         }
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         pm.close();
     }
 
@@ -860,9 +860,9 @@ public class TestEagerOuterToManyJoins
         pc1.setHelper(hpc3);
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc1);
         pm.close();
         return oid;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestMappedByKeyMaps.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestMappedByKeyMaps.java
index a8e34a2..70a651b 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestMappedByKeyMaps.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestMappedByKeyMaps.java
@@ -128,9 +128,9 @@ public class TestMappedByKeyMaps
         try {
             OpenJPAEntityManager pm =
                 (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-            startTx(pm);;
+            startTx(pm);
             pm.persist(pc);
-            endTx(pm);;
+            endTx(pm);
             Object oid = pm.getObjectId(pc);
 
             assertFalse(pc.getHelpers().containsKey("foo"));
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public class TestMappedByKeyMaps
             assertEquals(h2, pc.getHelpers().get("h2"));
             pm.close();
 
-            pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();;
+            pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
             pc = (MappedByMapPC) pm.getObjectId(oid);
             if (lrs)
                 assertTrue(pc.getHelpers() instanceof AbstractLRSProxyMap);
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ public class TestMappedByKeyMaps
                     getStringField());
             pm.close();
 
-            pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();;
+            pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
             pc = (MappedByMapPC) pm.getObjectId(oid);
             assertEquals(3, pc.getHelpers().size());
             assertFalse(pc.getHelpers().containsKey("h1"));
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ public class TestMappedByKeyMaps
         pm.commit();
         pm.close();
 
-        pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();;
+        pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
         OpenJPAQuery q = pm.createNativeQuery("stringField == 'h2'",
                 HelperPC.class);
         //FIXME jthomas
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestRangeQuery.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestRangeQuery.java
index 2001795..c0d652a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestRangeQuery.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/TestRangeQuery.java
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class TestRangeQuery extends
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     private void insertManyStringList() {
         OpenJPAEntityManager em =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(em);;
+        startTx(em);
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
             EagerOuterJoinPC pc = new EagerOuterJoinPC();
             pc.setName(String.valueOf(i));
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public class TestRangeQuery extends
             pc.getStringList().add(i + ".2");
             em.persist(pc);
         }
-        endTx(em);;
+        endTx(em);
         em.close();
     }
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestJoinSubclasses.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestJoinSubclasses.java
index 45e222a..123bdf1 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestJoinSubclasses.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestJoinSubclasses.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class TestJoinSubclasses
        deleteAll(JoinSubclassBase.class);
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         JoinSubclassBase base = new JoinSubclassBase();
         base.setBaseField(1);
         pm.persist(base);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class TestJoinSubclasses
         sub2.setBaseSubFlatField(5);
         pm.persist(sub2);
 
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         _base = pm.getObjectId(base);
         _baseSubFlat = pm.getObjectId(sub2);
         pm.close();
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinExtent.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinExtent.java
index 79421fc..01bc7ad 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinExtent.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinExtent.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class TestSubclassJoinExtent
        deleteAll(Base.class);
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         Base base = new Base();
         base.setBaseField(1);
         pm.persist(base);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public class TestSubclassJoinExtent
         sub1sub2.setBaseSub1Sub2Field(6);
         pm.persist(sub1sub2);
 
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         pm.close();
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinRelations.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinRelations.java
index c21026d..aaf4e34 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinRelations.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/meta/vertical/TestSubclassJoinRelations.java
@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ public class TestSubclassJoinRelations
         rel.getBaseSub1Sub2List().add(sub1sub2);
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(rel);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         _oid = pm.getObjectId(rel);
         pm.close();
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestNamedSQLQueries.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestNamedSQLQueries.java
index 7a752f2..e61d74f 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestNamedSQLQueries.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestNamedSQLQueries.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public class TestNamedSQLQueries
     public void setUp() {
        deleteAll(NamedSQL.class);
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         NamedSQL pc;
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
             pc = new NamedSQL();
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public class TestNamedSQLQueries
                 pc.setNum(i + 10);
             pm.persist(pc);
         }
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         pm.close();
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestSQLQueries.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestSQLQueries.java
index 97d3365..cbc5633 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestSQLQueries.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/query/TestSQLQueries.java
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ public class TestSQLQueries
         pc1.setSelfOneOne(pc2);
 
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc1);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
 
         JDBCConfiguration conf =
             (JDBCConfiguration) ((OpenJPAEntityManagerFactorySPI) pm)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestClassDBSequenceFactory.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestClassDBSequenceFactory.java
index 95109bf..374206d 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestClassDBSequenceFactory.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestClassDBSequenceFactory.java
@@ -117,23 +117,23 @@ public class TestClassDBSequenceFactory
     public void testNoSequenceHolesOnAttach() {
         PerClassTestObject3 pc = new PerClassTestObject3();
         OpenJPAEntityManager pm =(OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         long id1 = pc.getId();
 
         pc = new PerClassTestObject3();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc);
         long id2 = pc.getId();
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         pm.close();
 
         pc = new PerClassTestObject3();
         pm = (OpenJPAEntityManager)currentEntityManager();
-        startTx(pm);;
+        startTx(pm);
         pm.persist(pc);
-        endTx(pm);;
+        endTx(pm);
         long id3 = pc.getId();
         pm.close();
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestSchemaGenerationProperties.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestSchemaGenerationProperties.java
index efc9c27..fc46ac4 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestSchemaGenerationProperties.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/TestSchemaGenerationProperties.java
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ public class TestSchemaGenerationProperties extends BaseJDBCTest {
         testSchemaGenMetadataCreate();
 
         Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
-        properties.put("javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action", "drop");;
+        properties.put("javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action", "drop");
         properties.put("javax.persistence.schema-generation.drop-script-source",
                        "org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/schema/drop.sql");
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/Employee.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/Employee.java
index 13e6489..2706e10 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/Employee.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/Employee.java
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ import javax.persistence.Table;
 @Table(name="EMPLOYEE_PQC")
 
 public class Employee {
-    public enum Category {PERMANENT, CONTRACTOR, TEMP};
+    public enum Category {PERMANENT, CONTRACTOR, TEMP}
 
-	@Id
+    @Id
 	@GeneratedValue
 	private long id;
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/TestExternalizedParameter.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/TestExternalizedParameter.java
index 03a64af..732f705 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/TestExternalizedParameter.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/sqlcache/TestExternalizedParameter.java
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class TestExternalizedParameter extends TestCase {
         if (userObject == null || !userObject.getClass().isArray() || ((Object[])userObject).length != 2)
             return null;
         Object executor = ((Object[])userObject)[1];
-        if (executor instanceof StoreQuery.Executor == false)
+        if (!(executor instanceof StoreQuery.Executor))
             return null;
         return ((StoreQuery.Executor)executor).getQueryExpressions();
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/strategy/MappedEntity.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/strategy/MappedEntity.java
index 60df9be..1f05849 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/strategy/MappedEntity.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/strategy/MappedEntity.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class MappedEntity {
 
     public enum Key {
         A, B, C
-    };
+    }
 
     @Id
     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/unique/TestNamedUniqueConstraint.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/unique/TestNamedUniqueConstraint.java
index cc354e2..17dcf07 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/unique/TestNamedUniqueConstraint.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/unique/TestNamedUniqueConstraint.java
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class TestNamedUniqueConstraint extends SQLListenerTestCase {
         for (int i = 2; i < tokens.size(); i++) {
             tokens1.add(tokens.get(i));
         }
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String token : tokens1) {
             buf.append(token).append(" ");
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/update/TestParentChild.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/update/TestParentChild.java
index 2618280..3f43b46 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/update/TestParentChild.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/jdbc/update/TestParentChild.java
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@ public class TestParentChild extends CombinatorialPersistenceTestCase {
 		IMPLICIT_CASCADE,
 		CHILD_THEN_PARENT,
 		PARENT_THEN_CHILD
-	};
+	}
 
 
-	// The options are added in a static block, so that we can count on
+    // The options are added in a static block, so that we can count on
 	// total number of combinations before the test is set up.
 	static {
         getHelper().addOption(Key_MappingDefaults, Option_MappingDefaults);
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestFieldState.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestFieldState.java
index 7fb8c53..2b12304 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestFieldState.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestFieldState.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class TestFieldState extends BaseKernelTest {
         a.setStringField(a.getStringField());
         OpenJPAStateManager sm = getStateManager(a, pm);
         FieldMetaData fmd = sm.getMetaData().getField("stringField");
-        assertTrue(sm.getDirty().get(fmd.getIndex()) == false);
+        assertTrue(!sm.getDirty().get(fmd.getIndex()));
 
         endTx(pm);
         endEm(pm);
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPersistentMaps.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPersistentMaps.java
index 3ad4d67..8e09023 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPersistentMaps.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPersistentMaps.java
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ public class TestPersistentMaps extends BaseKernelTest {
             // now try to execute queries against multiple other
             // map instances, so we can make sure the joins are robust
             for (int j = 0; j < mapNames.length; j++) {
-                StringBuffer query = new StringBuffer(selectWhere);
+                StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder(selectWhere);
 
                 for (int k = 0; k < j; k++) {
                     query.append(mapNames[k] + ".isEmpty() && ");
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLockException.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLockException.java
index f7a2863..a1b1433 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLockException.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLockException.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public class TestPessimisticLockException extends SQLListenerTestCase {
             if (t1.gotPLEx && t2.gotPLEx) {
                 fail("Both threads got a PersistenceLockException!  "
                     + "Only one thread should have received a PersistenceLockException");
-            } else if (t1.gotPLEx == false && t2.gotPLEx == false) {
+            } else if (!t1.gotPLEx && !t2.gotPLEx) {
                 fail("Neither thread got a PersistenceLockException!  "
                     + "One thread should have received a PersistenceLockException");
             } else if (t1.count < 2 && t2.count < 2) {
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLocking.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLocking.java
index e779ef3..d027f07 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLocking.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestPessimisticLocking.java
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ public class TestPessimisticLocking extends BaseKernelTest {
                         getLog().trace(
                             Thread.currentThread().getName()
                                 + ": obtained and locked: " + a);
-                        yield();
+                        Thread.yield();
                         super.wait(50);
                         getLog().trace(
                             Thread.currentThread().getName()
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ public class TestPessimisticLocking extends BaseKernelTest {
                                     + Thread.currentThread().getName()
                                     + ")", ex);
                         }
-                        yield();
+                        Thread.yield();
                     }
                     finally {
                         if (_lock != null)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestSecondClassValues.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestSecondClassValues.java
index 2c83093..86aa795 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestSecondClassValues.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/TestSecondClassValues.java
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ public class TestSecondClassValues extends BaseKernelTest {
 
         }
 
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer().append("[")
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder().append("[")
             .append("(size=").append(list.size()).append(")");
 
         Iterator it = list.iterator();
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ public class TestSecondClassValues extends BaseKernelTest {
     }
 
     private String dumpDates(Collection coll) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (Iterator i = coll.iterator(); i.hasNext();)
             buf.append(((Date) i.next()).getTime()).append(
                 i.hasNext() ? "," : "");
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/Blobs.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/Blobs.java
index 2d07dec..8e79a92 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/Blobs.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/kernel/common/apps/Blobs.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class Blobs implements Serializable {
 
     @Lob
     @Column(name = "lobNotNullable", nullable = false)
-    protected byte[] lobNotNullable;;
+    protected byte[] lobNotNullable;
 
     @Id
     public int id;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/TestValueStrategies.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/TestValueStrategies.java
index 8e42057..6975d0b 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/TestValueStrategies.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/TestValueStrategies.java
@@ -354,7 +354,6 @@ public class TestValueStrategies
         }
         if (isActiveTx(pm))
             rollbackTx(pm);
-        ;
         endEm(pm);
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityHolderCategory.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityHolderCategory.java
index dd499d3..75147aa 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityHolderCategory.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityHolderCategory.java
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.proxy.entities;
 
 public enum AnnuityHolderCategory {
-	METAL, BRONZE, SILVER, GOLD;
+	METAL, BRONZE, SILVER, GOLD
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityType.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityType.java
index 432f9c1..46c88e3 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityType.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/AnnuityType.java
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.proxy.entities;
 
 public enum AnnuityType {
-    BASIC, EQUITY, FIXED;
+    BASIC, EQUITY, FIXED
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/ContactType.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/ContactType.java
index 6ffa7f9..5cfcc5b 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/ContactType.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/ContactType.java
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.proxy.entities;
 
 public enum ContactType {
-	HOME, BUSINESS, OTHER;
+	HOME, BUSINESS, OTHER
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/RiderType.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/RiderType.java
index 0376d2c..f2f3772 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/RiderType.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/proxy/entities/RiderType.java
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
 package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.proxy.entities;
 
 public enum RiderType {
-	REPLACE, OVERRIDE;
+	REPLACE, OVERRIDE
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/Customer.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/Customer.java
index b25538b..2b2bcdf 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/Customer.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/Customer.java
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ public class Customer {
 		}
 	}
 
-	public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+	public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 
-	@EmbeddedId
+    @EmbeddedId
 	 CustomerKey cid;
 	@Column(length=30)
     @Basic
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/TestQueryEscapeCharacters.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/TestQueryEscapeCharacters.java
index 74747f9..ed56e6f 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/TestQueryEscapeCharacters.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/TestQueryEscapeCharacters.java
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public class TestQueryEscapeCharacters
         JDBCConfiguration conf = (JDBCConfiguration)ojpaEmf.getConfiguration();
 
         if (conf.getDBDictionaryInstance().
-                requiresSearchStringEscapeForLike == true) {
+                requiresSearchStringEscapeForLike) {
             return;
         }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/Customer.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/Customer.java
index a6bde33..f9d9ef5 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/Customer.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/Customer.java
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class Customer {
         }
     }
 
-    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+    public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 
     @EmbeddedId
     CustomerKey cid;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId.java
index 1981a69..b5a9e28 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/relations/ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId.java
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ public class ManyOneCompoundIdOwnerId implements Serializable {
 
 	@Override
     public String toString() {
-		return String.valueOf(entityId)
-			+ "::" + String.valueOf(longId);
+		return entityId
+			+ "::" + longId;
 	}
 
 	@Override
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/sequence/TestSequence.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/sequence/TestSequence.java
index 538057c..10cc7de 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/sequence/TestSequence.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/sequence/TestSequence.java
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ public class TestSequence extends SingleEMFTestCase {
                     // get to everyone starting at the same time, the
                     // better chance we have for identifying MT problems.
                     while (System.currentTimeMillis() < startMillis)
-                        yield();
+                        Thread.yield();
 
                     int thisIteration = 1;
                     try {
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/simple/AllFieldTypes.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/simple/AllFieldTypes.java
index 18d5373..a97aa46 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/simple/AllFieldTypes.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/simple/AllFieldTypes.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.persistence.PersistentCollection;
 @Entity
 public class AllFieldTypes {
 
-    public enum EnumType {Value1, Value2};
+    public enum EnumType {Value1, Value2}
 
     // @Basic types
     private short shortField;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/AbstractPersistenceTestCase.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/AbstractPersistenceTestCase.java
index f7ef20e..89aeb8e 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/AbstractPersistenceTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/AbstractPersistenceTestCase.java
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractPersistenceTestCase extends TestCase {
         }
 
         if (!types.isEmpty()) {
-            StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
             for (Class<?> c : types) {
                 if (buf.length() > 0) {
                     buf.append(";");
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/ClassSelector.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/ClassSelector.java
index 51b343e..e5c7551 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/ClassSelector.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/ClassSelector.java
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public class ClassSelector {
 	 * Gets a printable description of the currently set selection criteria.
 	 */
 	public String getSpecification() {
-		StringBuffer tmp = new StringBuffer();
+		StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder();
 		String and = "";
 		if (!_supers.isEmpty()) {
 			tmp.append("\textends ");
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/CombinatorialTestHelper.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/CombinatorialTestHelper.java
index ff030e5..396bc16 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/CombinatorialTestHelper.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/CombinatorialTestHelper.java
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ public class CombinatorialTestHelper {
 	 * Gets the key and values of the current options as printable string.
 	 */
 	public String getOptionsAsString() {
-		StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+		StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
 		for (int i = 0; i <propertyKeys.size(); i++) {
 			String key = propertyKeys.get(i);
 			if (!runtimeKeys.get(i))
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/PersistenceTestCase.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/PersistenceTestCase.java
index 161458b..4dd3f64 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/PersistenceTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/PersistenceTestCase.java
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ public abstract class PersistenceTestCase
         }
 
         if (!types.isEmpty()) {
-            StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
             for (Class<?> c : types) {
                 if (buf.length() > 0)
                     buf.append(";");
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/SQLListenerTestCase.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/SQLListenerTestCase.java
index 335195c..778d50d 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/SQLListenerTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/test/SQLListenerTestCase.java
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ public abstract class SQLListenerTestCase
     }
 
     public String toString(List<String> list) {
-        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         for (String s : list)
             buf.append(s).append("\r\n");
         return buf.toString();
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ public abstract class SQLListenerTestCase
     public enum SQLAssertType {
         SQL, NotSQL, ContainsSQL, AllSQLInOrder, AllExactSQLInOrder,
         AllSQLAnyOrder, NoneSQLAnyOrder, AnySQLAnyOrder
-    };
+    }
 
     public class SQLAssertions {
         SQLAssertType type;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/entities/Customer.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/entities/Customer.java
index e7d8f93..7cbab98 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/entities/Customer.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/entities/Customer.java
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ public class Customer {
 		}
 	}
 
-	public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT };
+	public enum CreditRating { POOR, GOOD, EXCELLENT }
 
-	@EmbeddedId
+    @EmbeddedId
 	CustomerKey cid;
 	@Column(length=30)
 	String name;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/Address.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/Address.java
index aba0fdd..58b0ed6 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/Address.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/Address.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public class Address {
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         sb.append(this.name);
         for (int i=0; i< this.getStreet().size(); i++)
                sb.append("\n         "+this.getStreet().get(i));
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/CANAddress.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/CANAddress.java
index 3c6e13d..2b6060f 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/CANAddress.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/CANAddress.java
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class CANAddress
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         sb.append(super.toString())
             .append("\n         ")
             .append(this.province)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/GBRAddress.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/GBRAddress.java
index 10befa5..99cbc35 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/GBRAddress.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/GBRAddress.java
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class GBRAddress
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         sb.append(super.toString())
             .append("\n         ")
             .append(this.county)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/USAAddress.java b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/USAAddress.java
index 4c0791b..51266e7 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/USAAddress.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-jdbc/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/xmlmapping/xmlbindings/myaddress/USAAddress.java
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class USAAddress
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         sb.append(super.toString())
             .append("\n         ")
             .append(this.state)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lock/extended/LockScopeTestCase.java b/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lock/extended/LockScopeTestCase.java
index 97c5975..cb17559 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lock/extended/LockScopeTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lock/extended/LockScopeTestCase.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public abstract class LockScopeTestCase extends SQLListenerTestCase {
     protected final String DB2Lock          = DB2LockClause + "{1}";
     protected final String NoDB2Lock        = DB2LockClause + "{0}";
 
-    protected List<String> empTableName = new ArrayList<>();;
+    protected List<String> empTableName = new ArrayList<>();
 
     protected Map<String, Object> normalProps;
     protected Map<String, Object> extendedProps;
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ public abstract class LockScopeTestCase extends SQLListenerTestCase {
     protected enum DBType {
         access, db2, derby, empress, foxpro, h2, hsql, informix, ingres, jdatastore, mariadb, mysql, oracle, pointbase,
         postgres, sqlserver, sybase
-    };
+    }
 
     protected DBType getDBType(EntityManager em) {
         JDBCConfigurationImpl conf = (JDBCConfigurationImpl) getConfiguration(em);
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lockmgr/SequencedActionsTest.java b/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lockmgr/SequencedActionsTest.java
index 7dd7818..4422abc 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lockmgr/SequencedActionsTest.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence-locking/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/lockmgr/SequencedActionsTest.java
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ public abstract class SequencedActionsTest extends SQLListenerTestCase {
         TestLockMode,      // (int id, LockModeType lockMode)
 
         Test,              // Open-ended testing actions
-    };
+    }
 
     public void launchActionSequence(String testName, Object parameters,
         Object[][]... actions) {
@@ -1045,7 +1045,7 @@ public abstract class SequencedActionsTest extends SQLListenerTestCase {
     protected enum DBType {
         access, db2, derby, empress, foxpro, h2, hsql, informix, ingres, jdatastore, mariadb, mysql, oracle, pointbase,
         postgres, sqlserver, sybase
-    };
+    }
 
     protected DBType getDBType(EntityManager em) {
         JDBCConfigurationImpl conf = (JDBCConfigurationImpl) getConfiguration(em);
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AbstractQuery.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AbstractQuery.java
index 3a1b0fc..eef70ee 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AbstractQuery.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AbstractQuery.java
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractQuery<X> implements OpenJPAQuerySPI<X> {
      */
     @Override
     public OpenJPAQuery<X> setParameter(int pos, Object value) {
-        if (_convertPositionalParams == true) {
-            return setParameter("_" + String.valueOf(pos), value);
+        if (_convertPositionalParams) {
+            return setParameter("_" + pos, value);
         }
 
         assertOpen();
@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractQuery<X> implements OpenJPAQuerySPI<X> {
      */
     @Override
     public <T> Parameter<T> getParameter(int pos, Class<T> type) {
-        if (_convertPositionalParams == true) {
-            return getParameter("_" + String.valueOf(pos), type);
+        if (_convertPositionalParams) {
+            return getParameter("_" + pos, type);
         }
         Parameter<?> param = getParameter(pos);
         if (param.getParameterType().isAssignableFrom(type))
@@ -419,8 +419,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractQuery<X> implements OpenJPAQuerySPI<X> {
      */
     @Override
     public Parameter<?> getParameter(int pos) {
-        if (_convertPositionalParams == true) {
-            return getParameter("_" + String.valueOf(pos));
+        if (_convertPositionalParams) {
+            return getParameter("_" + pos);
         }
         Parameter<?> param = getDeclaredParameters().get(pos);
         if (param == null)
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser.java
index 7fb17c1..68e492c 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser.java
@@ -1927,7 +1927,7 @@ public class AnnotationPersistenceMetaDataParser
                 lm = lm.toLowerCase();
                 if (lm.contains("pessimistic")) {
                     if (lmt == LockModeType.NONE && !optimistic) {
-                        if (_log.isWarnEnabled() == true) {
+                        if (_log.isWarnEnabled()) {
                             _log.warn(_loc.get("override-named-query-lock-mode", new String[] { "annotation",
                                 query.name(), _cls.getName() }));
                         }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/HintValueConverter.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/HintValueConverter.java
index 6355295..e34ceda 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/HintValueConverter.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/HintValueConverter.java
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public interface HintValueConverter {
 
         @Override
         public Object convert(Object s) {
-            if (s instanceof String == false)
+            if (!(s instanceof String))
                 return s;
             String str = s.toString();
             if (strings == null) {
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceMetaDataDefaults.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceMetaDataDefaults.java
index 6953db7..ce5701a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceMetaDataDefaults.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceMetaDataDefaults.java
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ public class PersistenceMetaDataDefaults
     public Member getMemberByProperty(ClassMetaData meta, String property,
     	int access, boolean applyDefaultRule) {
     	Class<?> cls = meta.getDescribedType();
-        Field field = Reflection.findField(cls, property, false);;
+        Field field = Reflection.findField(cls, property, false);
         Method getter = Reflection.findGetter(cls, property, false);
         Method setter = Reflection.findSetter(cls, property, false);
         int accessCode = AccessCode.isUnknown(access) ? meta.getAccessType() :
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceProviderImpl.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceProviderImpl.java
index 9cfd520..1817964 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceProviderImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/PersistenceProviderImpl.java
@@ -361,9 +361,9 @@ public class PersistenceProviderImpl
         OpenJPAConfiguration conf = factory.getConfiguration();
         Log log = conf.getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_RUNTIME);
 
-        if (conf.getDynamicEnhancementAgent() == true) {
+        if (conf.getDynamicEnhancementAgent()) {
             boolean res = PCEnhancerAgent.loadDynamicAgent(log);
-            if (log.isInfoEnabled() && res == true ){
+            if (log.isInfoEnabled() && res){
                 log.info(_loc.get("dynamic-agent"));
             }
         }
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ public class PersistenceProviderImpl
         OpenJPAConfiguration conf = factory.getConfiguration();
         Log log = conf.getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_RUNTIME);
 
-        if ((ValidationUtils.setupValidation(conf) == true) &&
+        if ((ValidationUtils.setupValidation(conf)) &&
                 log.isInfoEnabled()) {
             log.info(_loc.get("vlem-creation-info"));
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser.java
index fc5e3db..72440e6 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser.java
@@ -1955,7 +1955,7 @@ public class XMLPersistenceMetaDataParser
             lm = lm.toLowerCase();
             if (lm.contains("pessimistic")) {
                 if (lmt == LockModeType.NONE && !optimistic) {
-                    if (log != null && log.isWarnEnabled() == true) {
+                    if (log != null && log.isWarnEnabled()) {
                         log.warn(_loc.get("override-named-query-lock-mode", new String[] { "xml", queryName,
                             _cls.getName() }));
                     }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CriteriaExpressionBuilder.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CriteriaExpressionBuilder.java
index 33e7b29..c7f163d 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CriteriaExpressionBuilder.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/CriteriaExpressionBuilder.java
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class CriteriaExpressionBuilder {
         exps.grouping = new Value[groupByCount];
         for (int i = 0; i < groupByCount; i++) {
             Expression<?> groupBy = groups.get(i);
-            exps.grouping[i] = Expressions.toValue((ExpressionImpl<?>)groupBy, factory, q);;
+            exps.grouping[i] = Expressions.toValue((ExpressionImpl<?>)groupBy, factory, q);
         }
 
         exps.having = having == null ? null : having.toKernelExpression(factory, q);
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/PathImpl.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/PathImpl.java
index 6ab55c9..b6861ae 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/PathImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/PathImpl.java
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class PathImpl<Z,X> extends ExpressionImpl<X> implements Path<X> {
      */
     @Override
     public Bindable<X> getModel() {
-        if (_member instanceof Bindable<?> == false) {
+        if (!(_member instanceof Bindable<?>)) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(this + " represents a basic path and not a bindable");
         }
         return (Bindable<X>)_member;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/SubqueryImpl.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/SubqueryImpl.java
index 9e9fb5b..0b6c9e4 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/SubqueryImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/criteria/SubqueryImpl.java
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ import javax.persistence.criteria.Expression;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.Join;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.ListJoin;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.MapJoin;
-import javax.persistence.criteria.ParameterExpression;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.Predicate;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;
 import javax.persistence.criteria.SetJoin;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/CompileTimeLogger.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/CompileTimeLogger.java
index 44311a0..4fbd7b5 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/CompileTimeLogger.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/CompileTimeLogger.java
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Localizer;
  *
  */
 public class CompileTimeLogger {
-    private static enum Level {TRACE, INFO, WARN, ERROR};
+    private static enum Level {TRACE, INFO, WARN, ERROR}
+
     private static Localizer _loc = Localizer.forPackage(CompileTimeLogger.class);
     private static Level DEFAULT_LEVEL = Level.WARN;
     private int logLevel;
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/MetamodelImpl.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/MetamodelImpl.java
index 593eb71..5586d2a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/MetamodelImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/MetamodelImpl.java
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ public class MetamodelImpl implements Metamodel, Resolver {
      */
     ParameterizedType getParameterizedType(Field mf) {
         java.lang.reflect.Type t = mf.getGenericType();
-        if (t instanceof ParameterizedType == false) {
+        if (!(t instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
         	repos.getLog().warn(_loc.get("meta-field-not-param",
             mf.getDeclaringClass(), mf.getName(), toTypeName(t)).getMessage());
         	return null;
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ public class MetamodelImpl implements Metamodel, Resolver {
             return toTypeName(((GenericArrayType)type).
                 getGenericComponentType())+"[]";
         }
-        if (type instanceof ParameterizedType == false) {
+        if (!(type instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
             Class<?> cls = (Class<?>)type;
             return cls.getName();
         }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/SourceAnnotationHandler.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/SourceAnnotationHandler.java
index 5040663..cc800fa 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/SourceAnnotationHandler.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/meta/SourceAnnotationHandler.java
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ public class SourceAnnotationHandler
                 return (TypeMirror)target;
             }
 
-        };
+        }
         return null;
     }
 
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/ConditionalOperator.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/ConditionalOperator.java
index 5618882..05bc05a 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/ConditionalOperator.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/ConditionalOperator.java
@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ package org.apache.openjpa.persistence.query;
  */
 public enum ConditionalOperator {
 	AND,
-	OR;
+	OR
 }
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/QueryDefinitionImpl.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/QueryDefinitionImpl.java
index b643eff..64581ff 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/QueryDefinitionImpl.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/query/QueryDefinitionImpl.java
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ public class QueryDefinitionImpl extends ExpressionImpl
 	private Predicate _where;
 	private Predicate _having;
 
-	private static enum Visit {PROJECTION, EXPRESSION, JOINABLE};
+	private static enum Visit {PROJECTION, EXPRESSION, JOINABLE}
 
-	protected static Localizer _loc =
+    protected static Localizer _loc =
 		Localizer.forPackage(QueryDefinitionImpl.class);
 
 	/**
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/util/ReservedWords.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/util/ReservedWords.java
index 4f6e1c1..ef39469 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/util/ReservedWords.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/util/ReservedWords.java
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public class ReservedWords {
             "UNKNOWN[50]", "UPDATE", "UPPER",
             "VALUE",
             "WHEN", "WHERE"));
-    };
+    }
 
     /**
      * Affirms if the given string matches any of the JPA reserved words in a case-insensitive manner.
diff --git a/openjpa-persistence/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/TestPersistenceProductDerivation.java b/openjpa-persistence/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/TestPersistenceProductDerivation.java
index 5734d3e..3000c26 100644
--- a/openjpa-persistence/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/TestPersistenceProductDerivation.java
+++ b/openjpa-persistence/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/persistence/TestPersistenceProductDerivation.java
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public class TestPersistenceProductDerivation {
         // really matter since we generate a new file every time.
         boolean deleted = AccessController.doPrivileged(J2DoPrivHelper
             .deleteAction(targetFile));
-        if(deleted==false){
+        if(!deleted){
             System.out.println("The file " + targetFile + " wasn't deleted.");
         }
     }
diff --git a/openjpa-slice/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/Slice.java b/openjpa-slice/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/Slice.java
index ac2712c..040276c 100644
--- a/openjpa-slice/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/Slice.java
+++ b/openjpa-slice/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/Slice.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class Slice implements Comparable<Slice>,Serializable {
         ACTIVE,
         INACTIVE, // configured but not available
         EXCLUDED  // configured but not used
-    };
+    }
 
     private final String name;
     private transient final OpenJPAConfiguration conf;
diff --git a/openjpa-slice/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/PersistenceTestCase.java b/openjpa-slice/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/PersistenceTestCase.java
index 838523a..33c0e8a 100644
--- a/openjpa-slice/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/PersistenceTestCase.java
+++ b/openjpa-slice/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/slice/PersistenceTestCase.java
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public abstract class PersistenceTestCase
         }
 
         if (!types.isEmpty()) {
-            StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
+            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
             for (Class c : types) {
                 if (buf.length() > 0)
                     buf.append(";");
diff --git a/openjpa-tools/openjpa-fetch-statistics/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/stats/FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer.java b/openjpa-tools/openjpa-fetch-statistics/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/stats/FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer.java
index a73df0b..7ec6af5 100644
--- a/openjpa-tools/openjpa-fetch-statistics/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/stats/FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer.java
+++ b/openjpa-tools/openjpa-fetch-statistics/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/enhance/stats/FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer.java
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ public class FetchStatisticsAuxEnhancer implements AuxiliaryEnhancer {
     @Override
     public void run(BCClass bcc, ClassMetaData cmd) {
         addEnhancement(bcc, cmd);
-    };
+    }
 
     @Override
     public boolean skipEnhance(BCMethod arg0) {
         return false;
-    };
+    }
 
     private void addEnhancement(BCClass bcc, ClassMetaData cmd) {
         Log log = cmd.getRepository().getConfiguration().getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_RUNTIME);
diff --git a/openjpa-xmlstore/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/xmlstore/simple/AllFieldTypes.java b/openjpa-xmlstore/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/xmlstore/simple/AllFieldTypes.java
index 4ef6e68..ed3b919 100644
--- a/openjpa-xmlstore/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/xmlstore/simple/AllFieldTypes.java
+++ b/openjpa-xmlstore/src/test/java/org/apache/openjpa/xmlstore/simple/AllFieldTypes.java
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class AllFieldTypes implements Serializable {
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 
-    public static enum EnumType {Value1, Value2};
+    public static enum EnumType {Value1, Value2}
 
     // @Basic types
     private short shortField;