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Posted to commits@struts.apache.org by lu...@apache.org on 2015/06/17 23:09:44 UTC

[44/57] [partial] struts git commit: Merges xwork packages into struts

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/AnnotationXWorkConverter.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/AnnotationXWorkConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/AnnotationXWorkConverter.java
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/AnnotationXWorkConverter.java
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+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2006,2009 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ * 
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+/**
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: javadoc -->
+ * <p/>
+ * Type conversion is great for situations where you need to turn a String in to a more complex object. Because the web
+ * is type-agnostic (everything is a string in HTTP), XWork's type conversion features are very useful. For instance,
+ * if you were prompting a user to enter in coordinates in the form of a string (such as "3, 22"), you could have
+ * XWork do the conversion both from String to Point and from Point to String.
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/> Using this "point" example, if your action (or another compound object in which you are setting properties on)
+ * has a corresponding ClassName-conversion.properties file, XWork will use the configured type converters for
+ * conversion to and from strings. So turning "3, 22" in to new Point(3, 22) is done by merely adding the following
+ * entry to <b>ClassName-conversion.properties</b> (Note that the PointConverter should impl the TypeConverter
+ * interface):
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/><b>point = com.acme.PointConverter</b>
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/> Your type converter should be sure to check what class type it is being requested to convert. Because it is used
+ * for both to and from strings, you will need to split the conversion method in to two parts: one that turns Strings in
+ * to Points, and one that turns Points in to Strings.
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/> After this is done, you can now reference your point (using &lt;ww:property value="post"/&gt; in JSP or ${point}
+ * in FreeMarker) and it will be printed as "3, 22" again. As such, if you submit this back to an action, it will be
+ * converted back to a Point once again.
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/> In some situations you may wish to apply a type converter globally. This can be done by editing the file
+ * <b>xwork-conversion.properties</b> in the root of your class path (typically WEB-INF/classes) and providing a
+ * property in the form of the class name of the object you wish to convert on the left hand side and the class name of
+ * the type converter on the right hand side. For example, providing a type converter for all Point objects would mean
+ * adding the following entry:
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/><b>com.acme.Point = com.acme.PointConverter</b>
+ * <p/>
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: javadoc -->
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/>
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: i18n-note -->
+ * <p/>
+ * Type conversion should not be used as a substitute for i18n. It is not recommended to use this feature to print out
+ * properly formatted dates. Rather, you should use the i18n features of XWork (and consult the JavaDocs for JDK's
+ * MessageFormat object) to see how a properly formatted date should be displayed.
+ * <p/>
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: i18n-note -->
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/>
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: error-reporting -->
+ * <p/>
+ * Any error that occurs during type conversion may or may not wish to be reported. For example, reporting that the
+ * input "abc" could not be converted to a number might be important. On the other hand, reporting that an empty string,
+ * "", cannot be converted to a number might not be important - especially in a web environment where it is hard to
+ * distinguish between a user not entering a value vs. entering a blank value.
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/> By default, all conversion errors are reported using the generic i18n key <b>xwork.default.invalid.fieldvalue</b>,
+ * which you can override (the default text is <i>Invalid field value for field "xxx"</i>, where xxx is the field name)
+ * in your global i18n resource bundle.
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/>However, sometimes you may wish to override this message on a per-field basis. You can do this by adding an i18n
+ * key associated with just your action (Action.properties) using the pattern <b>invalid.fieldvalue.xxx</b>, where xxx
+ * is the field name.
+ * <p/>
+ * <p/>It is important to know that none of these errors are actually reported directly. Rather, they are added to a map
+ * called <i>conversionErrors</i> in the ActionContext. There are several ways this map can then be accessed and the
+ * errors can be reported accordingly.
+ * <p/>
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: error-reporting -->
+ *
+ * @author <a href="mailto:plightbo@gmail.com">Pat Lightbody</a>
+ * @author Rainer Hermanns
+ * @see com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter
+ * @deprecated Since XWork 2.0.4, the implementation of XWorkConverter handles the processing of annotations.
+ */
+@Deprecated public class AnnotationXWorkConverter extends XWorkConverter {
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/ArrayConverter.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/ArrayConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/ArrayConverter.java
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/ArrayConverter.java
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+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+public class ArrayConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
+
+    @Override
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Member member, String propertyName, Object value, Class toType) {
+        Object result = null;
+        Class componentType = toType.getComponentType();
+
+        if (componentType != null) {
+            TypeConverter converter = getTypeConverter(context);
+
+            if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
+                int length = Array.getLength(value);
+                result = Array.newInstance(componentType, length);
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                    Object valueItem = Array.get(value, i);
+                    Array.set(result, i, converter.convertValue(context, target, member, propertyName, valueItem, componentType));
+                }
+            } else {
+                result = Array.newInstance(componentType, 1);
+                Array.set(result, 0, converter.convertValue(context, target, member, propertyName, value, componentType));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/CollectionConverter.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/CollectionConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/CollectionConverter.java
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index 0000000..dfe4030
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/CollectionConverter.java
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+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.XWorkList;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.SortedSet;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
+
+public class CollectionConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
+
+    private ObjectTypeDeterminer objectTypeDeterminer;
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setObjectTypeDeterminer(ObjectTypeDeterminer determiner) {
+        this.objectTypeDeterminer = determiner;
+    }
+
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Member member, String propertyName, Object value, Class toType) {
+        Collection result;
+        Class memberType = String.class;
+
+        if (target != null) {
+            memberType = objectTypeDeterminer.getElementClass(target.getClass(), propertyName, null);
+
+            if (memberType == null) {
+                memberType = String.class;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (toType.isAssignableFrom(value.getClass())) {
+            // no need to do anything
+            result = (Collection) value;
+        } else if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
+            Object[] objArray = (Object[]) value;
+            TypeConverter converter = getTypeConverter(context);
+            result = createCollection(toType, memberType, objArray.length);
+
+            for (Object anObjArray : objArray) {
+                Object convertedValue = converter.convertValue(context, target, member, propertyName, anObjArray, memberType);
+                if (!TypeConverter.NO_CONVERSION_POSSIBLE.equals(convertedValue)) {
+                    result.add(convertedValue);
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(value.getClass())) {
+            Collection col = (Collection) value;
+            TypeConverter converter = getTypeConverter(context);
+            result = createCollection(toType, memberType, col.size());
+
+            for (Object aCol : col) {
+                Object convertedValue = converter.convertValue(context, target, member, propertyName, aCol, memberType);
+                if (!TypeConverter.NO_CONVERSION_POSSIBLE.equals(convertedValue)) {
+                    result.add(convertedValue);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            result = createCollection(toType, memberType, -1);
+            result.add(value);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+
+    }
+
+    private Collection createCollection(Class toType, Class memberType, int size) {
+        Collection result;
+
+        if (toType == Set.class) {
+            if (size > 0) {
+                result = new HashSet(size);
+            } else {
+                result = new HashSet();
+            }
+        } else if (toType == SortedSet.class) {
+            result = new TreeSet();
+        } else {
+            if (size > 0) {
+                result = new XWorkList(memberType, size);
+            } else {
+                result = new XWorkList(memberType);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DateConverter.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DateConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DateConverter.java
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DateConverter.java
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+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.XWorkException;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.text.DateFormat;
+import java.text.ParseException;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+public class DateConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
+
+    @Override
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Member member, String propertyName, Object value, Class toType) {
+        Date result = null;
+
+        if (value instanceof String && value != null && ((String) value).length() > 0) {
+            String sa = (String) value;
+            Locale locale = getLocale(context);
+
+            DateFormat df = null;
+            if (java.sql.Time.class == toType) {
+                df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.MEDIUM, locale);
+            } else if (java.sql.Timestamp.class == toType) {
+                Date check = null;
+                SimpleDateFormat dtfmt = (SimpleDateFormat) DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT,
+                        DateFormat.MEDIUM,
+                        locale);
+                SimpleDateFormat fullfmt = new SimpleDateFormat(dtfmt.toPattern() + MILLISECOND_FORMAT,
+                        locale);
+
+                SimpleDateFormat dfmt = (SimpleDateFormat) DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.SHORT,
+                        locale);
+
+                SimpleDateFormat[] fmts = {fullfmt, dtfmt, dfmt};
+                for (SimpleDateFormat fmt : fmts) {
+                    try {
+                        check = fmt.parse(sa);
+                        df = fmt;
+                        if (check != null) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    } catch (ParseException ignore) {
+                    }
+                }
+            } else if (java.util.Date.class == toType) {
+                Date check;
+                DateFormat[] dfs = getDateFormats(locale);
+                for (DateFormat df1 : dfs) {
+                    try {
+                        check = df1.parse(sa);
+                        df = df1;
+                        if (check != null) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    } catch (ParseException ignore) {
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            //final fallback for dates without time
+            if (df == null) {
+                df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, locale);
+            }
+            try {
+                df.setLenient(false); // let's use strict parsing (XW-341)
+                result = df.parse(sa);
+                if (!(Date.class == toType)) {
+                    try {
+                        Constructor constructor = toType.getConstructor(new Class[]{long.class});
+                        return constructor.newInstance(new Object[]{Long.valueOf(result.getTime())});
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        throw new XWorkException("Couldn't create class " + toType + " using default (long) constructor", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (ParseException e) {
+                throw new XWorkException("Could not parse date", e);
+            }
+        } else if (Date.class.isAssignableFrom(value.getClass())) {
+            result = (Date) value;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private DateFormat[] getDateFormats(Locale locale) {
+        DateFormat dt1 = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, DateFormat.LONG, locale);
+        DateFormat dt2 = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, DateFormat.MEDIUM, locale);
+        DateFormat dt3 = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, DateFormat.SHORT, locale);
+
+        DateFormat d1 = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, locale);
+        DateFormat d2 = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.MEDIUM, locale);
+        DateFormat d3 = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.LONG, locale);
+
+        DateFormat rfc3399 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss");
+
+        return new DateFormat[]{dt1, dt2, dt3, rfc3399, d1, d2, d3};
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor.java
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor.java
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+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.annotations.ConversionRule;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.annotations.ConversionType;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.annotations.TypeConversion;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Default implementation of {@link ConversionAnnotationProcessor}
+ */
+public class DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor implements ConversionAnnotationProcessor {
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor.class);
+
+    private TypeConverterCreator converterCreator;
+    private TypeConverterHolder converterHolder;
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setTypeConverterCreator(TypeConverterCreator converterCreator) {
+        this.converterCreator = converterCreator;
+    }
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setTypeConverterHolder(TypeConverterHolder converterHolder) {
+        this.converterHolder = converterHolder;
+    }
+
+    public void process(Map<String, Object> mapping, TypeConversion tc, String key) {
+        LOG.debug("TypeConversion [{}] with key: [{}]", tc.converter(), key);
+        if (key == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            if (tc.type() == ConversionType.APPLICATION) {
+                converterHolder.addDefaultMapping(key, converterCreator.createTypeConverter(tc.converter()));
+            } else {
+                if (tc.rule() == ConversionRule.KEY_PROPERTY || tc.rule() == ConversionRule.CREATE_IF_NULL) {
+                    mapping.put(key, tc.value());
+                }
+                //for properties of classes
+                else if (tc.rule() != ConversionRule.ELEMENT || tc.rule() == ConversionRule.KEY || tc.rule() == ConversionRule.COLLECTION) {
+                    mapping.put(key, converterCreator.createTypeConverter(tc.converter()));
+                }
+                //for keys of Maps
+                else if (tc.rule() == ConversionRule.KEY) {
+                    Class converterClass = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().loadClass(tc.converter());
+                    LOG.debug("Converter class: [{}]", converterClass);
+                    //check if the converter is a type converter if it is one
+                    //then just put it in the map as is. Otherwise
+                    //put a value in for the type converter of the class
+                    if (converterClass.isAssignableFrom(TypeConverter.class)) {
+                        mapping.put(key, converterCreator.createTypeConverter(tc.converter()));
+                    } else {
+                        mapping.put(key, converterClass);
+                        LOG.debug("Object placed in mapping for key [{}] is [{}]", key, mapping.get(key));
+                    }
+                }
+                //elements(values) of maps / lists
+                else {
+                    mapping.put(key, Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().loadClass(tc.converter()));
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            LOG.debug("Got exception for {}", key, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionFileProcessor.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionFileProcessor.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionFileProcessor.java
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionFileProcessor.java
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+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManager;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+/**
+ * Default implementation of {@link ConversionFileProcessor}
+ */
+public class DefaultConversionFileProcessor implements ConversionFileProcessor {
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(DefaultConversionFileProcessor.class);
+
+    private FileManager fileManager;
+    private TypeConverterCreator converterCreator;
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setFileManagerFactory(FileManagerFactory factory) {
+        fileManager = factory.getFileManager();
+    }
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setTypeConverterCreator(TypeConverterCreator converterCreator) {
+        this.converterCreator = converterCreator;
+    }
+
+    public void process(Map<String, Object> mapping, Class clazz, String converterFilename) {
+        try {
+            InputStream is = fileManager.loadFile(ClassLoaderUtil.getResource(converterFilename, clazz));
+
+            if (is != null) {
+                LOG.debug("Processing conversion file [{}] for class [{}]", converterFilename, clazz);
+
+                Properties prop = new Properties();
+                prop.load(is);
+
+                for (Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry : prop.entrySet()) {
+                    String key = (String) entry.getKey();
+
+                    if (mapping.containsKey(key)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    // for keyProperty of Set
+                    if (key.startsWith(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.KEY_PROPERTY_PREFIX)
+                            || key.startsWith(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.CREATE_IF_NULL_PREFIX)) {
+                        LOG.debug("\t{}:{} [treated as String]", key, entry.getValue());
+                        mapping.put(key, entry.getValue());
+                    }
+                    //for properties of classes
+                    else if (!(key.startsWith(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.ELEMENT_PREFIX) ||
+                            key.startsWith(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.KEY_PREFIX) ||
+                            key.startsWith(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.DEPRECATED_ELEMENT_PREFIX))
+                            ) {
+                        TypeConverter _typeConverter = converterCreator.createTypeConverter((String) entry.getValue());
+                        LOG.debug("\t{}:{} [treated as TypeConverter {}]", key, entry.getValue(), _typeConverter);
+                        mapping.put(key, _typeConverter);
+                    }
+                    //for keys of Maps
+                    else if (key.startsWith(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.KEY_PREFIX)) {
+
+                        Class converterClass = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().loadClass((String) entry.getValue());
+
+                        //check if the converter is a type converter if it is one
+                        //then just put it in the map as is. Otherwise
+                        //put a value in for the type converter of the class
+                        if (converterClass.isAssignableFrom(TypeConverter.class)) {
+                            TypeConverter _typeConverter = converterCreator.createTypeConverter((String) entry.getValue());
+                            LOG.debug("\t{}:{} [treated as TypeConverter {}]", key, entry.getValue(), _typeConverter);
+                            mapping.put(key, _typeConverter);
+                        } else {
+                            LOG.debug("\t{}:{} [treated as Class {}]", key, entry.getValue(), converterClass);
+                            mapping.put(key, converterClass);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    //elements(values) of maps / lists
+                    else {
+                        Class _c = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().loadClass((String) entry.getValue());
+                        LOG.debug("\t{}:{} [treated as Class {}]", key, entry.getValue(), _c);
+                        mapping.put(key, _c);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            LOG.error("Problem loading properties for {}", clazz.getName(), ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor.java
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diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor.java
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+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor.java
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+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.XWorkException;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+/**
+ * TODO lukaszlenart: add a comment
+ */
+public class DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor implements ConversionPropertiesProcessor {
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor.class);
+
+    private TypeConverterCreator converterCreator;
+    private TypeConverterHolder converterHolder;
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setTypeConverterCreator(TypeConverterCreator converterCreator) {
+        this.converterCreator = converterCreator;
+    }
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setTypeConverterHolder(TypeConverterHolder converterHolder) {
+        this.converterHolder = converterHolder;
+    }
+
+    public void process(String propsName) {
+        loadConversionProperties(propsName, false);
+    }
+
+    public void processRequired(String propsName) {
+        loadConversionProperties(propsName, true);
+    }
+
+    public void loadConversionProperties(String propsName, boolean require) {
+        try {
+            Iterator<URL> resources = ClassLoaderUtil.getResources(propsName, getClass(), true);
+            while (resources.hasNext()) {
+                URL url = resources.next();
+                Properties props = new Properties();
+                props.load(url.openStream());
+
+                LOG.debug("Processing conversion file [{}]", propsName);
+
+                for (Object o : props.entrySet()) {
+                    Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) o;
+                    String key = (String) entry.getKey();
+
+                    try {
+                        TypeConverter _typeConverter = converterCreator.createTypeConverter((String) entry.getValue());
+                        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                            LOG.debug("\t{}:{} [treated as TypeConverter {}]", key, entry.getValue(), _typeConverter);
+                        }
+                        converterHolder.addDefaultMapping(key, _typeConverter);
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        LOG.error("Conversion registration error", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            if (require) {
+                throw new XWorkException("Cannot load conversion properties file: "+propsName, ex);
+            } else {
+                LOG.debug("Cannot load conversion properties file: {}", propsName, ex);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b35102
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2006,2009 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ * 
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.CreateIfNull;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.Element;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.Key;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.KeyProperty;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionException;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.BooleanUtils;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+
+import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
+import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: javadoc -->
+ *
+ * This {@link ObjectTypeDeterminer} looks at the <b>Class-conversion.properties</b> for entries that indicated what
+ * objects are contained within Maps and Collections. For Collections, such as Lists, the element is specified using the
+ * pattern <b>Element_xxx</b>, where xxx is the field name of the collection property in your action or object. For
+ * Maps, both the key and the value may be specified by using the pattern <b>Key_xxx</b> and <b>Element_xxx</b>,
+ * respectively.
+ *
+ * <p/> From WebWork 2.1.x, the <b>Collection_xxx</b> format is still supported and honored, although it is deprecated
+ * and will be removed eventually.
+ *
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: javadoc -->
+ *
+ * @author Gabriel Zimmerman
+ */
+public class DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer implements ObjectTypeDeterminer {
+
+    protected static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer.class);
+
+    public static final String KEY_PREFIX = "Key_";
+    public static final String ELEMENT_PREFIX = "Element_";
+    public static final String KEY_PROPERTY_PREFIX = "KeyProperty_";
+    public static final String CREATE_IF_NULL_PREFIX = "CreateIfNull_";
+    public static final String DEPRECATED_ELEMENT_PREFIX = "Collection_";
+
+    private ReflectionProvider reflectionProvider;
+    private XWorkConverter xworkConverter;
+
+    @Inject
+    public DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer(@Inject XWorkConverter converter, @Inject ReflectionProvider provider) {
+        this.reflectionProvider = provider;
+        this.xworkConverter = converter;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines the key class by looking for the value of @Key annotation for the given class.
+     * If no annotation is found, the key class is determined by using the generic parametrics.
+     *
+     * As fallback, it determines the key class by looking for the value of Key_${property} in the properties
+     * file for the given class.
+     *
+     * @param parentClass the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property    the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @see com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer#getKeyClass(Class, String)
+     */
+    public Class getKeyClass(Class parentClass, String property) {
+        Key annotation = getAnnotation(parentClass, property, Key.class);
+        if (annotation != null) {
+            return annotation.value();
+        }
+        Class clazz = getClass(parentClass, property, false);
+        if (clazz != null) {
+            return clazz;
+        }
+        return (Class) xworkConverter.getConverter(parentClass, KEY_PREFIX + property);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines the element class by looking for the value of @Element annotation for the given
+     * class.
+     * If no annotation is found, the element class is determined by using the generic parametrics.
+     *
+     * As fallback, it determines the key class by looking for the value of Element_${property} in the properties
+     * file for the given class. Also looks for the deprecated Collection_${property}
+     *
+     * @param parentClass the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property    the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @see com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer#getElementClass(Class, String, Object)
+     */
+    public Class getElementClass(Class parentClass, String property, Object key) {
+        Element annotation = getAnnotation(parentClass, property, Element.class);
+        if (annotation != null) {
+            return annotation.value();
+        }
+        Class clazz = getClass(parentClass, property, true);
+        if (clazz != null) {
+            return clazz;
+        }
+        clazz = (Class) xworkConverter.getConverter(parentClass, ELEMENT_PREFIX + property);
+        if (clazz == null) {
+            clazz = (Class) xworkConverter.getConverter(parentClass, DEPRECATED_ELEMENT_PREFIX + property);
+            if (clazz != null) {
+                LOG.info("The Collection_xxx pattern for collection type conversion is deprecated. Please use Element_xxx!");
+            }
+        }
+        return clazz;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines the key property for a Collection by getting it from the @KeyProperty annotation.
+     *
+     * As fallback, it determines the String key property for a Collection by getting it from the conversion properties
+     * file using the KeyProperty_ prefix. KeyProperty_${property}=somePropertyOfBeansInTheSet
+     *
+     * @param parentClass the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property    the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @see com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer#getKeyProperty(Class, String)
+     */
+    public String getKeyProperty(Class parentClass, String property) {
+        KeyProperty annotation = getAnnotation(parentClass, property, KeyProperty.class);
+        if (annotation != null) {
+            return annotation.value();
+        }
+        return (String) xworkConverter.getConverter(parentClass, KEY_PROPERTY_PREFIX + property);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines the createIfNull property for a Collection or Map by getting it from the @CreateIfNull annotation.
+     *
+     * As fallback, it determines the boolean CreateIfNull property for a Collection or Map by getting it from the
+     * conversion properties file using the CreateIfNull_ prefix. CreateIfNull_${property}=true|false
+     *
+     * @param parentClass     the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property        the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @param target          the target object
+     * @param keyProperty     the keyProperty value
+     * @param isIndexAccessed <tt>true</tt>, if the collection or map is accessed via index, <tt>false</tt> otherwise.
+     * @return <tt>true</tt>, if the Collection or Map should be created, <tt>false</tt> otherwise.
+     * @see ObjectTypeDeterminer#getKeyProperty(Class, String)
+     */
+    public boolean shouldCreateIfNew(Class parentClass, String property, Object target, String keyProperty, boolean isIndexAccessed) {
+        CreateIfNull annotation = getAnnotation(parentClass, property, CreateIfNull.class);
+        if (annotation != null) {
+            return annotation.value();
+        }
+        String configValue = (String) xworkConverter.getConverter(parentClass, CREATE_IF_NULL_PREFIX + property);
+        //check if a value is in the config
+        if (configValue != null) {
+            return BooleanUtils.toBoolean(configValue);
+        }
+
+        //default values depend on target type
+        //and whether this is accessed by an index
+        //in the case of List
+        return (target instanceof Map) || isIndexAccessed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves an annotation for the specified property of field, setter or getter.
+     *
+     * @param <T>             the annotation type to be retrieved
+     * @param parentClass     the class
+     * @param property        the property
+     * @param annotationClass the annotation
+     * @return the field or setter/getter annotation or <code>null</code> if not found
+     */
+    protected <T extends Annotation> T getAnnotation(Class parentClass, String property, Class<T> annotationClass) {
+        T annotation = null;
+        Field field = reflectionProvider.getField(parentClass, property);
+
+        if (field != null) {
+            annotation = field.getAnnotation(annotationClass);
+        }
+        if (annotation == null) { // HINT: try with setter
+            annotation = getAnnotationFromSetter(parentClass, property, annotationClass);
+        }
+        if (annotation == null) { // HINT: try with getter
+            annotation = getAnnotationFromGetter(parentClass, property, annotationClass);
+        }
+
+        return annotation;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves an annotation for the specified field of getter.
+     *
+     * @param parentClass     the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property        the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @param annotationClass The annotation
+     * @return concrete Annotation instance or <tt>null</tt> if none could be retrieved.
+     */
+    private <T extends Annotation> T getAnnotationFromGetter(Class parentClass, String property, Class<T> annotationClass) {
+        try {
+            Method getter = reflectionProvider.getGetMethod(parentClass, property);
+
+            if (getter != null) {
+                return getter.getAnnotation(annotationClass);
+            }
+        } catch (ReflectionException | IntrospectionException e) {
+            // ignore
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves an annotation for the specified field of setter.
+     *
+     * @param parentClass     the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property        the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @param annotationClass The annotation
+     * @return concrete Annotation instance or <tt>null</tt> if none could be retrieved.
+     */
+    private <T extends Annotation> T getAnnotationFromSetter(Class parentClass, String property, Class<T> annotationClass) {
+        try {
+            Method setter = reflectionProvider.getSetMethod(parentClass, property);
+
+            if (setter != null) {
+                return setter.getAnnotation(annotationClass);
+            }
+        } catch (ReflectionException | IntrospectionException e) {
+            // ignore
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the class for the given field via generic type check.
+     *
+     * @param parentClass the Class which contains as a property the Map or Collection we are finding the key for.
+     * @param property    the property of the Map or Collection for the given parent class
+     * @param element     <tt>true</tt> for indexed types and Maps.
+     * @return Class of the specified field.
+     */
+    private Class getClass(Class parentClass, String property, boolean element) {
+        try {
+            Field field = reflectionProvider.getField(parentClass, property);
+            Type genericType = null;
+            // Check fields first
+            if (field != null) {
+                genericType = field.getGenericType();
+            }
+            // Try to get ParameterType from setter method
+            if (genericType == null || !(genericType instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
+                try {
+                    Method setter = reflectionProvider.getSetMethod(parentClass, property);
+                    genericType = setter != null ? setter.getGenericParameterTypes()[0] : null;
+                } catch (ReflectionException | IntrospectionException e) {
+                    // ignore
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Try to get ReturnType from getter method
+            if (genericType == null || !(genericType instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
+                try {
+                    Method getter = reflectionProvider.getGetMethod(parentClass, property);
+                    genericType = getter.getGenericReturnType();
+                } catch (ReflectionException | IntrospectionException e) {
+                    // ignore
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (genericType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
+                ParameterizedType type = (ParameterizedType) genericType;
+                int index = (element && type.getRawType().toString().contains(Map.class.getName())) ? 1 : 0;
+                Type resultType = type.getActualTypeArguments()[index];
+                if (resultType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
+                    return (Class) ((ParameterizedType) resultType).getRawType();
+                }
+                return (Class) resultType;
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            LOG.debug("Error while retrieving generic property class for property: {}", property, e);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47bcd1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//  Copyright (c) 1998-2004, Drew Davidson and Luke Blanshard
+//  All rights reserved.
+//
+//  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+//  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+//  met:
+//
+//  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+//  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+//  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+//  documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//  Neither the name of the Drew Davidson nor the names of its contributors
+//  may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+//  without specific prior written permission.
+//
+//  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+//  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+//  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+//  FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+//  COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+//  INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+//  BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+//  OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
+//  AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+//  OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF
+//  THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+//  DAMAGE.
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Container;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.XWorkTypeConverterWrapper;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Default type conversion. Converts among numeric types and also strings.  Contains the basic 
+ * type mapping code from OGNL.
+ * 
+ * @author Luke Blanshard (blanshlu@netscape.net)
+ * @author Drew Davidson (drew@ognl.org)
+ */
+public abstract class DefaultTypeConverter implements TypeConverter {
+
+    protected static String MILLISECOND_FORMAT = ".SSS";
+
+    private static final String NULL_STRING = "null";
+
+    private static final Map<Class, Object> primitiveDefaults;
+
+    private Container container;
+
+    static {
+        Map<Class, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
+        map.put(Boolean.TYPE, Boolean.FALSE);
+        map.put(Byte.TYPE, Byte.valueOf((byte) 0));
+        map.put(Short.TYPE, Short.valueOf((short) 0));
+        map.put(Character.TYPE, new Character((char) 0));
+        map.put(Integer.TYPE, Integer.valueOf(0));
+        map.put(Long.TYPE, Long.valueOf(0L));
+        map.put(Float.TYPE, new Float(0.0f));
+        map.put(Double.TYPE, new Double(0.0));
+        map.put(BigInteger.class, new BigInteger("0"));
+        map.put(BigDecimal.class, new BigDecimal(0.0));
+        primitiveDefaults = Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);
+    }
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setContainer(Container container) {
+        this.container = container;
+    }
+
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object value, Class toType) {
+        return convertValue(value, toType);
+    }
+
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Member member,
+            String propertyName, Object value, Class toType) {
+        return convertValue(context, value, toType);
+    }
+    
+    public TypeConverter getTypeConverter( Map<String, Object> context )
+    {
+        Object obj = context.get(TypeConverter.TYPE_CONVERTER_CONTEXT_KEY);
+        if (obj instanceof TypeConverter) {
+            return (TypeConverter) obj;
+            
+        // for backwards-compatibility
+        } else if (obj instanceof ognl.TypeConverter) {
+            return new XWorkTypeConverterWrapper((ognl.TypeConverter) obj);
+        }
+        return null; 
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value converted numerically to the given class type
+     * 
+     * This method also detects when arrays are being converted and converts the
+     * components of one array to the type of the other.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to be converted to the given type
+     * @param toType
+     *            class type to be converted to
+     * @return converted value of the type given, or value if the value cannot
+     *         be converted to the given type.
+     */
+    public Object convertValue(Object value, Class toType) {
+        Object result = null;
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            /* If array -> array then convert components of array individually */
+            if (value.getClass().isArray() && toType.isArray()) {
+                Class componentType = toType.getComponentType();
+
+                result = Array.newInstance(componentType, Array
+                        .getLength(value));
+                for (int i = 0, icount = Array.getLength(value); i < icount; i++) {
+                    Array.set(result, i, convertValue(Array.get(value, i),
+                            componentType));
+                }
+            } else {
+                if ((toType == Integer.class) || (toType == Integer.TYPE))
+                    result = (int) longValue(value);
+                if ((toType == Double.class) || (toType == Double.TYPE))
+                    result = doubleValue(value);
+                if ((toType == Boolean.class) || (toType == Boolean.TYPE))
+                    result = booleanValue(value) ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE;
+                if ((toType == Byte.class) || (toType == Byte.TYPE))
+                    result = (byte) longValue(value);
+                if ((toType == Character.class) || (toType == Character.TYPE))
+                    result = (char) longValue(value);
+                if ((toType == Short.class) || (toType == Short.TYPE))
+                    result = (short) longValue(value);
+                if ((toType == Long.class) || (toType == Long.TYPE))
+                    result = longValue(value);
+                if ((toType == Float.class) || (toType == Float.TYPE))
+                    result = new Float(doubleValue(value));
+                if (toType == BigInteger.class)
+                    result = bigIntValue(value);
+                if (toType == BigDecimal.class)
+                    result = bigDecValue(value);
+                if (toType == String.class)
+                    result = stringValue(value);
+                if (Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(toType))
+                    result = enumValue(toType, value);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (toType.isPrimitive()) {
+                result = primitiveDefaults.get(toType);
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a boolean: if it is a Boolean object, it's
+     * easy; if it's a Number or a Character, returns true for non-zero objects;
+     * and otherwise returns true for non-null objects.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a boolean
+     * @return the boolean value implied by the given object
+     */
+    public static boolean booleanValue(Object value) {
+        if (value == null)
+            return false;
+        Class c = value.getClass();
+        if (c == Boolean.class)
+            return (Boolean) value;
+        // if ( c == String.class )
+        // return ((String)value).length() > 0;
+        if (c == Character.class)
+            return (Character) value != 0;
+        if (value instanceof Number)
+            return ((Number) value).doubleValue() != 0;
+        return true; // non-null
+    }
+    
+    public Enum<?> enumValue(Class toClass, Object o) {
+        Enum<?> result = null;
+        if (o == null) {
+            result = null;
+        } else if (o instanceof String[]) {
+            result = Enum.valueOf(toClass, ((String[]) o)[0]);
+        } else if (o instanceof String) {
+            result = Enum.valueOf(toClass, (String) o);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a long integer.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a long integer
+     * @return the long integer value implied by the given object
+     * @throws NumberFormatException
+     *             if the given object can't be understood as a long integer
+     */
+    public static long longValue(Object value) throws NumberFormatException {
+        if (value == null)
+            return 0L;
+        Class c = value.getClass();
+        if (c.getSuperclass() == Number.class)
+            return ((Number) value).longValue();
+        if (c == Boolean.class)
+            return (Boolean) value ? 1 : 0;
+        if (c == Character.class)
+            return (Character) value;
+        return Long.parseLong(stringValue(value, true));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a double-precision floating-point number.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a double
+     * @return the double value implied by the given object
+     * @throws NumberFormatException
+     *             if the given object can't be understood as a double
+     */
+    public static double doubleValue(Object value) throws NumberFormatException {
+        if (value == null)
+            return 0.0;
+        Class c = value.getClass();
+        if (c.getSuperclass() == Number.class)
+            return ((Number) value).doubleValue();
+        if (c == Boolean.class)
+            return (Boolean) value ? 1 : 0;
+        if (c == Character.class)
+            return (Character) value;
+        String s = stringValue(value, true);
+
+        return (s.length() == 0) ? 0.0 : Double.parseDouble(s);
+        /*
+         * For 1.1 parseDouble() is not available
+         */
+        // return Double.valueOf( value.toString() ).doubleValue();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a BigInteger.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a BigInteger
+     * @return the BigInteger value implied by the given object
+     * @throws NumberFormatException
+     *             if the given object can't be understood as a BigInteger
+     */
+    public static BigInteger bigIntValue(Object value)
+            throws NumberFormatException {
+        if (value == null)
+            return BigInteger.valueOf(0L);
+        Class c = value.getClass();
+        if (c == BigInteger.class)
+            return (BigInteger) value;
+        if (c == BigDecimal.class)
+            return ((BigDecimal) value).toBigInteger();
+        if (c.getSuperclass() == Number.class)
+            return BigInteger.valueOf(((Number) value).longValue());
+        if (c == Boolean.class)
+            return BigInteger.valueOf((Boolean) value ? 1 : 0);
+        if (c == Character.class)
+            return BigInteger.valueOf(((Character) value).charValue());
+        return new BigInteger(stringValue(value, true));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a BigDecimal.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a BigDecimal
+     * @return the BigDecimal value implied by the given object
+     * @throws NumberFormatException
+     *             if the given object can't be understood as a BigDecimal
+     */
+    public static BigDecimal bigDecValue(Object value)
+            throws NumberFormatException {
+        if (value == null)
+            return BigDecimal.valueOf(0L);
+        Class c = value.getClass();
+        if (c == BigDecimal.class)
+            return (BigDecimal) value;
+        if (c == BigInteger.class)
+            return new BigDecimal((BigInteger) value);
+        if (c.getSuperclass() == Number.class)
+            return new BigDecimal(((Number) value).doubleValue());
+        if (c == Boolean.class)
+            return BigDecimal.valueOf((Boolean) value ? 1 : 0);
+        if (c == Character.class)
+            return BigDecimal.valueOf(((Character) value).charValue());
+        return new BigDecimal(stringValue(value, true));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a String and trims it if the trim flag is
+     * true.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a String
+     * @return the String value implied by the given object as returned by the
+     *         toString() method, or "null" if the object is null.
+     */
+    public static String stringValue(Object value, boolean trim) {
+        String result;
+
+        if (value == null) {
+            result = NULL_STRING;
+        } else {
+            result = value.toString();
+            if (trim) {
+                result = result.trim();
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates the given object as a String.
+     * 
+     * @param value
+     *            an object to interpret as a String
+     * @return the String value implied by the given object as returned by the
+     *         toString() method, or "null" if the object is null.
+     */
+    public static String stringValue(Object value) {
+        return stringValue(value, false);
+    }
+
+    protected Locale getLocale(Map<String, Object> context) {
+        Locale locale = null;
+        if (context != null) {
+            locale = (Locale) context.get(ActionContext.LOCALE);
+        }
+        if (locale == null) {
+            locale = container.getInstance(LocaleProvider.class).getLocale();
+        }
+        return locale;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterCreator.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterCreator.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterCreator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed6ac22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterCreator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.XWorkTypeConverterWrapper;
+
+/**
+ * Default implementation of {@link TypeConverterCreator}
+ */
+public class DefaultTypeConverterCreator implements TypeConverterCreator {
+
+    private ObjectFactory objectFactory;
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setObjectFactory(ObjectFactory objectFactory) {
+        this.objectFactory = objectFactory;
+    }
+
+    public TypeConverter createTypeConverter(String className) throws Exception {
+        // type converters are used across users
+        Object obj = objectFactory.buildBean(className, null);
+        if (obj instanceof TypeConverter) {
+            return (TypeConverter) obj;
+
+            // For backwards compatibility
+        } else if (obj instanceof ognl.TypeConverter) {
+            return new XWorkTypeConverterWrapper((ognl.TypeConverter) obj);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Type converter class " + obj.getClass() + " doesn't implement com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter");
+        }
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterHolder.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterHolder.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterHolder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2acaf96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/DefaultTypeConverterHolder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverter;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Default implementation of {@link TypeConverterHolder}
+ */
+public class DefaultTypeConverterHolder implements TypeConverterHolder {
+
+    /**
+     * Record class and its type converter mapping.
+     * <pre>
+     * - String - classname as String
+     * - TypeConverter - instance of TypeConverter
+     * </pre>
+     */
+    private HashMap<String, TypeConverter> defaultMappings = new HashMap<>();  // non-action (eg. returned value)
+
+    /**
+     * Target class conversion Mappings.
+     * <pre>
+     * Map<Class, Map<String, Object>>
+     *  - Class -> convert to class
+     *  - Map<String, Object>
+     *    - String -> property name
+     *                eg. Element_property, property etc.
+     *    - Object -> String to represent properties
+     *                eg. value part of
+     *                    KeyProperty_property=id
+     *             -> TypeConverter to represent an Ognl TypeConverter
+     *                eg. value part of
+     *                    property=foo.bar.MyConverter
+     *             -> Class to represent a class
+     *                eg. value part of
+     *                    Element_property=foo.bar.MyObject
+     * </pre>
+     */
+    private HashMap<Class, Map<String, Object>> mappings = new HashMap<>(); // action
+
+    /**
+     * Unavailable target class conversion mappings, serves as a simple cache.
+     */
+    private HashSet<Class> noMapping = new HashSet<>(); // action
+
+    /**
+     * Record classes that doesn't have conversion mapping defined.
+     * <pre>
+     * - String -> classname as String
+     * </pre>
+     */
+    protected HashSet<String> unknownMappings = new HashSet<>();     // non-action (eg. returned value)
+
+    public void addDefaultMapping(String className, TypeConverter typeConverter) {
+        defaultMappings.put(className, typeConverter);
+        if (unknownMappings.contains(className)) {
+            unknownMappings.remove(className);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean containsDefaultMapping(String className) {
+        return defaultMappings.containsKey(className);
+    }
+
+    public TypeConverter getDefaultMapping(String className) {
+        return defaultMappings.get(className);
+    }
+
+    public Map<String, Object> getMapping(Class clazz) {
+        return mappings.get(clazz);
+    }
+
+    public void addMapping(Class clazz, Map<String, Object> mapping) {
+        mappings.put(clazz, mapping);
+    }
+
+    public boolean containsNoMapping(Class clazz) {
+        return noMapping.contains(clazz);
+    }
+
+    public void addNoMapping(Class clazz) {
+        noMapping.add(clazz);
+    }
+
+    public boolean containsUnknownMapping(String className) {
+        return unknownMappings.contains(className);
+    }
+
+    public void addUnknownMapping(String className) {
+        unknownMappings.add(className);
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/EnumTypeConverter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/EnumTypeConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/EnumTypeConverter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..949eede
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/EnumTypeConverter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2006,2009 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ * 
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+
+/**
+ * <code>EnumTypeConverter</code>
+ *
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: description -->
+ * This class converts java 5 enums to String and from String[] to enum.
+ * <p/>
+ * One of Java 5's improvements is providing enumeration facility.
+ * Up to now, there existed no enumerations. The only way to simulate was the so-called int Enum pattern:
+ * {code}
+ * public static final int SEASON_WINTER = 0;
+ * public static final int SEASON_SPRING = 1;
+ * public static final int SEASON_SUMMER = 2;
+ * public static final int SEASON_FALL   = 3;
+ * {code}
+ * <p/>
+ * Java 5.0 now provides the following construct:
+ * {code}
+ * public static enum Season { WINTER, SPRING, SUMMER, FALL };
+ * {code}
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: description -->
+ *
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: example -->
+ * h3. Implementing Java 5 Enumeration Type Conversion
+ * <p/>
+ * 1. myAction-conversion.properties*
+ * <p/>
+ * Place a myAction-conversion.properties-file in the path of your Action.
+ * Add the following entry to the properties-file:
+ * {code}
+ * nameOfYourField=fullyClassifiedNameOfYourConverter
+ * {code}
+ * &nbsp;
+ * <p/>
+ * 2. myAction.java*
+ * Your action contains the _enumeration_:
+ * {code}
+ * public enum Criticality {DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, FATAL}
+ * {code}
+ * &nbsp;
+ * * Your action contains the _private field_:
+ * {code}
+ * private myEnum myFieldForEnum;
+ * {code}
+ * &nbsp;
+ * Your action contains _getters and setters_ for your field:
+ * {code}
+ * public myEnum getCriticality() {
+ *         return myFieldForEnum;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     public void setCriticality(myEnum myFieldForEnum) {
+ *         this.myFieldForEnum= myFieldForEnum;
+ *     }
+ * {code}
+ * <p/>
+ * 3. JSP*
+ * <p/>
+ * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In your jsp you can access an enumeration value just normal by using the known <ww:property>-Tag:
+ * {code}
+ * <ww:property value="myField"/>
+ * {code}
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: example -->
+ *
+ * @author Tamara Cattivelli
+ * @author <a href="mailto:hermanns@aixcept.de">Rainer Hermanns</a>
+ * @version $Id$
+ * @deprecated Since Struts 2.1.0 as enum support is now built into XWork
+ */
+@Deprecated public class EnumTypeConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
+
+    /**
+     * Converts the given object to a given type. How this is to be done is implemented in toClass. The OGNL context, o
+     * and toClass are given. This method should be able to handle conversion in general without any context or object
+     * specified.
+     *
+     * @param context - OGNL context under which the conversion is being done
+     * @param o       - the object to be converted
+     * @param toClass - the class that contains the code to convert to enumeration
+     * @return Converted value of type declared in toClass or TypeConverter.NoConversionPossible to indicate that the
+     *         conversion was not possible.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object o, Class toClass) {
+        if (o instanceof String[]) {
+            return convertFromString(((String[]) o)[0], toClass);
+        } else if (o instanceof String) {
+            return convertFromString((String) o, toClass);
+        }
+
+        return super.convertValue(context, o, toClass);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts one or more String values to the specified class.
+     * @param value - the String values to be converted, such as those submitted from an HTML form
+     * @param toClass - the class to convert to
+     * @return the converted object
+     */
+    public java.lang.Enum convertFromString(String value, Class toClass) {
+        return Enum.valueOf(toClass, value);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69f1ced
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2006,2009 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ * 
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider;
+
+
+/**
+ * GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer
+ *
+ * @author Patrick Lightbody
+ * @author Rainer Hermanns
+ * @author <a href='mailto:the_mindstorm[at]evolva[dot]ro'>Alexandru Popescu</a>
+ * 
+ * @deprecated Use DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer instead. Since XWork 2.0.4 the DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer handles the
+ *             annotation processing.
+ */
+@Deprecated public class GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer extends DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer {
+
+    public GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer(XWorkConverter conv,
+            XWorkBasicConverter basicConv, ReflectionProvider prov) {
+        super(conv, prov);
+    }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/InstantiatingNullHandler.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/InstantiatingNullHandler.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/InstantiatingNullHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..386d070
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/InstantiatingNullHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2006,2009 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ * 
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.NullHandler;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextState;
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+
+import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
+import java.util.*;
+
+
+/**
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: javadoc -->
+ *
+ * Provided that the key {@link ReflectionContextState#CREATE_NULL_OBJECTS} is in the action context with a value of true (this key is set
+ * only during the execution of the {@link com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor}), OGNL expressions
+ * that have caused a NullPointerException will be temporarily stopped for evaluation while the system automatically
+ * tries to solve the null references by automatically creating the object.
+ *
+ * <p/> The following rules are used when handling null references:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ *
+ * <li>If the property is declared <i>exactly</i> as a {@link Collection} or {@link List}, then an ArrayList shall be
+ * returned and assigned to the null references.</li>
+ *
+ * <li>If the property is declared as a {@link Map}, then a HashMap will be returned and assigned to the null
+ * references.</li>
+ *
+ * <li>If the null property is a simple bean with a no-arg constructor, it will simply be created using the {@link
+ * ObjectFactory#buildBean(java.lang.Class, java.util.Map)} method.</li>
+ *
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: javadoc -->
+ *
+ * <!-- START SNIPPET: example -->
+ *
+ * For example, if a form element has a text field named <b>person.name</b> and the expression <i>person</i> evaluates
+ * to null, then this class will be invoked. Because the <i>person</i> expression evaluates to a <i>Person</i> class, a
+ * new Person is created and assigned to the null reference. Finally, the name is set on that object and the overall
+ * effect is that the system automatically created a Person object for you, set it by calling setUsers() and then
+ * finally called getUsers().setName() as you would typically expect.
+ *
+ * <!-- END SNIPPET: example>
+ *
+ * @author Matt Ho
+ * @author Patrick Lightbody
+ */
+public class InstantiatingNullHandler implements NullHandler {
+
+    /**
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReflectionContextState#CREATE_NULL_OBJECTS} instead
+     */
+    @Deprecated public static final String CREATE_NULL_OBJECTS = ReflectionContextState.CREATE_NULL_OBJECTS;
+    private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(InstantiatingNullHandler.class);
+    private ReflectionProvider reflectionProvider;
+    private ObjectFactory objectFactory;
+    private ObjectTypeDeterminer objectTypeDeterminer;
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setObjectTypeDeterminer(ObjectTypeDeterminer det) {
+        this.objectTypeDeterminer = det;
+    }
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setReflectionProvider(ReflectionProvider prov) {
+        this.reflectionProvider = prov;
+    }
+
+    @Inject
+    public void setObjectFactory(ObjectFactory fac) {
+        this.objectFactory = fac;
+    }
+
+    public Object nullMethodResult(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, String methodName, Object[] args) {
+        LOG.debug("Entering nullMethodResult");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public Object nullPropertyValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Object property) {
+        LOG.debug("Entering nullPropertyValue [target={}, property={}]", target, property);
+        boolean c = ReflectionContextState.isCreatingNullObjects(context);
+
+        if (!c) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ((target == null) || (property == null)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            String propName = property.toString();
+            Object realTarget = reflectionProvider.getRealTarget(propName, context, target);
+            Class clazz = null;
+
+            if (realTarget != null) {
+                PropertyDescriptor pd = reflectionProvider.getPropertyDescriptor(realTarget.getClass(), propName);
+                if (pd == null) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                clazz = pd.getPropertyType();
+            }
+
+            if (clazz == null) {
+                // can't do much here!
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            Object param = createObject(clazz, realTarget, propName, context);
+
+            reflectionProvider.setValue(propName, context, realTarget, param);
+
+            return param;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            LOG.error("Could not create and/or set value back on to object", e);
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private Object createObject(Class clazz, Object target, String property, Map<String, Object> context) throws Exception {
+        if (Set.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
+            return new HashSet();
+        } else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
+            return new ArrayList();
+        } else if (clazz == Map.class) {
+            return new HashMap();
+        } else if (clazz == EnumMap.class) {
+            Class keyClass = objectTypeDeterminer.getKeyClass(target.getClass(), property);
+            return new EnumMap(keyClass);
+        }
+
+        return objectFactory.buildBean(clazz, context);
+    }
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/NumberConverter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/NumberConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/NumberConverter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab6efc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/NumberConverter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import com.opensymphony.xwork2.XWorkException;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.text.NumberFormat;
+import java.text.ParsePosition;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+public class NumberConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
+
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Member member, String propertyName, Object value, Class toType) {
+        if (value instanceof String) {
+            if (toType == BigDecimal.class) {
+                return new BigDecimal((String) value);
+            } else if (toType == BigInteger.class) {
+                return new BigInteger((String) value);
+            } else if (toType.isPrimitive()) {
+                Object convertedValue = super.convertValue(context, value, toType);
+                String stringValue = (String) value;
+                if (!isInRange((Number) convertedValue, stringValue, toType))
+                    throw new XWorkException("Overflow or underflow casting: \"" + stringValue + "\" into class " + convertedValue.getClass().getName());
+
+                return convertedValue;
+            } else {
+                String stringValue = (String) value;
+                if (!toType.isPrimitive() && (stringValue == null || stringValue.length() == 0)) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                NumberFormat numFormat = NumberFormat.getInstance(getLocale(context));
+                ParsePosition parsePos = new ParsePosition(0);
+                if (isIntegerType(toType)) {
+                    numFormat.setParseIntegerOnly(true);
+                }
+                numFormat.setGroupingUsed(true);
+                Number number = numFormat.parse(stringValue, parsePos);
+
+                if (parsePos.getIndex() != stringValue.length()) {
+                    throw new XWorkException("Unparseable number: \"" + stringValue + "\" at position "
+                            + parsePos.getIndex());
+                } else {
+                    if (!isInRange(number, stringValue, toType))
+                        throw new XWorkException("Overflow or underflow casting: \"" + stringValue + "\" into class " + number.getClass().getName());
+
+                    value = super.convertValue(context, number, toType);
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (value instanceof Object[]) {
+            Object[] objArray = (Object[]) value;
+
+            if (objArray.length == 1) {
+                return convertValue(context, null, null, null, objArray[0], toType);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // pass it through DefaultTypeConverter
+        return super.convertValue(context, value, toType);
+    }
+
+    protected boolean isInRange(Number value, String stringValue, Class toType) {
+        Number bigValue = null;
+        Number lowerBound = null;
+        Number upperBound = null;
+
+        try {
+            if (double.class == toType || Double.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigDecimal(stringValue);
+                // Double.MIN_VALUE is the smallest positive non-zero number
+                lowerBound = BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE).negate();
+                upperBound = BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else if (float.class == toType || Float.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigDecimal(stringValue);
+                // Float.MIN_VALUE is the smallest positive non-zero number
+                lowerBound = BigDecimal.valueOf(Float.MAX_VALUE).negate();
+                upperBound = BigDecimal.valueOf(Float.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else if (byte.class == toType || Byte.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigInteger(stringValue);
+                lowerBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Byte.MIN_VALUE);
+                upperBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Byte.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else if (char.class == toType || Character.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigInteger(stringValue);
+                lowerBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Character.MIN_VALUE);
+                upperBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Character.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else if (short.class == toType || Short.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigInteger(stringValue);
+                lowerBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Short.MIN_VALUE);
+                upperBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Short.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else if (int.class == toType || Integer.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigInteger(stringValue);
+                lowerBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+                upperBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else if (long.class == toType || Long.class == toType) {
+                bigValue = new BigInteger(stringValue);
+                lowerBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Long.MIN_VALUE);
+                upperBound = BigInteger.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE);
+            } else {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected numeric type: " + toType.getName());
+            }
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            //shoult it fail here? BigInteger doesnt seem to be so nice parsing numbers as NumberFormat
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return ((Comparable)bigValue).compareTo(lowerBound) >= 0 && ((Comparable)bigValue).compareTo(upperBound) <= 0;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isIntegerType(Class type) {
+        if (double.class == type || float.class == type || Double.class == type || Float.class == type
+                || char.class == type || Character.class == type) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts/blob/31af5842/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/StringConverter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/StringConverter.java b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/StringConverter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c6cc8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/conversion/impl/StringConverter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl;
+
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.text.DateFormat;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+public class StringConverter extends DefaultTypeConverter {
+
+    @Override
+    public Object convertValue(Map<String, Object> context, Object target, Member member, String propertyName, Object value, Class toType) {
+        String result = null;
+
+        if (value instanceof int[]) {
+            int[] x = (int[]) value;
+            List<Integer> intArray = new ArrayList<>(x.length);
+
+            for (int aX : x) {
+                intArray.add(Integer.valueOf(aX));
+            }
+
+            result = StringUtils.join(intArray, ", ");
+        } else if (value instanceof long[]) {
+            long[] x = (long[]) value;
+            List<Long> longArray = new ArrayList<>(x.length);
+
+            for (long aX : x) {
+                longArray.add(Long.valueOf(aX));
+            }
+
+            result = StringUtils.join(longArray, ", ");
+        } else if (value instanceof double[]) {
+            double[] x = (double[]) value;
+            List<Double> doubleArray = new ArrayList<>(x.length);
+
+            for (double aX : x) {
+                doubleArray.add(new Double(aX));
+            }
+
+            result = StringUtils.join(doubleArray, ", ");
+        } else if (value instanceof boolean[]) {
+            boolean[] x = (boolean[]) value;
+            List<Boolean> booleanArray = new ArrayList<>(x.length);
+
+            for (boolean aX : x) {
+                booleanArray.add(new Boolean(aX));
+            }
+
+            result = StringUtils.join(booleanArray, ", ");
+        } else if (value instanceof Date) {
+            DateFormat df = null;
+            if (value instanceof java.sql.Time) {
+                df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.MEDIUM, getLocale(context));
+            } else if (value instanceof java.sql.Timestamp) {
+                SimpleDateFormat dfmt = (SimpleDateFormat) DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT,
+                        DateFormat.MEDIUM,
+                        getLocale(context));
+                df = new SimpleDateFormat(dfmt.toPattern() + MILLISECOND_FORMAT);
+            } else {
+                df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, getLocale(context));
+            }
+            result = df.format(value);
+        } else if (value instanceof String[]) {
+            result = StringUtils.join((String[]) value, ", ");
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+}