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Posted to commits@juneau.apache.org by ja...@apache.org on 2017/09/08 23:21:18 UTC

svn commit: r21538 [3/27] - in /release/incubator/juneau: juneau-microservice-server/ juneau-microservice-server/.settings/ juneau-microservice-server/src/ juneau-microservice-server/src/main/ juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/ juneau-microservi...

Added: release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/Microservice.java
==============================================================================
--- release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/Microservice.java (added)
+++ release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/Microservice.java Fri Sep  8 23:21:12 2017
@@ -0,0 +1,631 @@
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
+// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
+// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
+// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
+// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
+// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+package org.apache.juneau.microservice;
+
+import static org.apache.juneau.internal.IOUtils.*;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.jar.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.ini.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.internal.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.svl.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.svl.vars.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.utils.*;
+
+/**
+ * Parent class for all microservices.
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * A microservice defines a simple API for starting and stopping simple Java services contained in executable jars.
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * The general command for invoking these services is...
+ * <p class='bcode'>
+ * 	java -jar mymicroservice.jar [mymicroservice.cfg]
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * Your microservice class must be specified as the <jk>Main-Class</jk> entry in the manifest file of your microservice 
+ * jar file.
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Microservice Configuration</h6>
+ *
+ * This class defines the following method for accessing configuration for your microservice:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #getArgs()} - The command-line arguments passed to the jar file.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #getConfig()} - An external INI-style configuration file.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #getManifest()} - The manifest file for the main jar file.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Entry point Method</h6>
+ *
+ * Subclasses must implement a static void main method as the entry point for the microservice.
+ * Typically, this method will simply consist of the following...
+ * <p class='bcode'>
+ * 	<jk>public static void</jk> main(String[] args) <jk>throws</jk> Exception {
+ * 		<jk>new</jk> MyMicroservice(args).start();
+ * 	}
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Lifecycle Methods</h6>
+ *
+ * Subclasses must implement the following lifecycle methods:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #start()} - Gets executed during startup.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #stop()} - Gets executed when 'exit' is typed in the console or an external shutdown signal is received.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #kill()} - Can be used to forcibly shut down the service.  Doesn't get called during normal operation.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Lifecycle Listener Methods</h6>
+ *
+ * Subclasses can optionally implement the following event listener methods:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onStart()} - Gets executed before {@link #start()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onStop()} - Gets executed before {@link #stop()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onConfigSave(ConfigFile)} - Gets executed after a config file has been saved.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onConfigChange(ConfigFile, Set)} - Gets executed after a config file has been modified.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Other Methods</h6>
+ *
+ * Subclasses can optionally override the following methods to provide customized behavior:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #createVarResolver()} - Creates the {@link VarResolver} used to resolve variables in the config file 
+ * 		returned by {@link #getConfig()}.
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public abstract class Microservice {
+
+	private static Args args;
+	private static ConfigFile cf;
+	private static ManifestFile mf;
+
+	private String cfPath;
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructor.
+	 *
+	 * @param args Command line arguments.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	protected Microservice(String...args) throws Exception {
+		Microservice.args = new Args(args);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Specifies the path of the config file for this microservice.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * If you do not specify the config file location, we attempt to resolve it through the following methods:
+	 * <ol>
+	 * 	<li>The first argument in the command line arguments passed in through the constructor.
+	 * 	<li>The value of the <code>Main-ConfigFile</code> entry in the manifest file.
+	 * 	<li>A config file in the same location and with the same name as the executable jar file.
+	 * 		(e.g. <js>"java -jar myjar.jar"</js> will look for <js>"myjar.cfg"</js>).
+	 * </ol>
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * If this path does not exist, a {@link FileNotFoundException} will be thrown from the {@link #start()} command.
+	 *
+	 * @param cfPath The absolute or relative path of the config file.
+	 * @param create Create the file if it doesn't exist.
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 * @throws IOException If config file does not exist at the specified location or could not be read or created.
+	 */
+	public Microservice setConfig(String cfPath, boolean create) throws IOException {
+		File f = new File(cfPath);
+		if (! f.exists()) {
+			if (! create)
+				throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not locate config file at '"+f.getAbsolutePath()+"'");
+			if (! f.createNewFile())
+				throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not create config file at '"+f.getAbsolutePath()+"'");
+		}
+		this.cfPath = cfPath;
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Specifies the config file for this microservice.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Note that if you use this method instead of {@link #setConfig(String,boolean)}, the config file will not use
+	 * the variable resolver constructed from {@link #createVarResolver()}.
+	 *
+	 * @param cf The config file for this application, or <jk>null</jk> if no config file is needed.
+	 */
+	public static void setConfig(ConfigFile cf) {
+		Microservice.cf = cf;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Specifies the manifest file of the jar file this microservice is contained within.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * If you do not specify the manifest file, we attempt to resolve it through the following methods:
+	 * <ol>
+	 * 	<li>Looking on the file system for a file at <js>"META-INF/MANIFEST.MF"</js>.
+	 * 		This is primarily to allow for running microservices from within eclipse workspaces where the manifest file
+	 * 		is located in the project root.
+	 * 	<li>Using the class loader for this class to find the file at the URL <js>"META-INF/MANIFEST.MF"</js>.
+	 * </ol>
+	 *
+	 * @param mf The manifest file of this microservice.
+	 */
+	public static void setManifest(Manifest mf) {
+		Microservice.mf = new ManifestFile(mf);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convenience method for specifying the manifest contents directly.
+	 *
+	 * @param contents The lines in the manifest file.
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 * @throws IOException
+	 */
+	public Microservice setManifestContents(String...contents) throws IOException {
+		String s = StringUtils.join(contents, "\n") + "\n";
+		Microservice.mf = new ManifestFile(new Manifest(new ByteArrayInputStream(s.getBytes("UTF-8"))));
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Same as {@link #setManifest(Manifest)} except specified through a {@link File} object.
+	 *
+	 * @param f The manifest file of this microservice.
+	 * @throws IOException If a problem occurred while trying to read the manifest file.
+	 */
+	public static void setManifest(File f) throws IOException {
+		Microservice.mf = new ManifestFile(f);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Same as {@link #setManifest(Manifest)} except finds and loads the manifest file of the jar file that the  
+	 * specified class is contained within.
+	 *
+	 * @param c The class whose jar file contains the manifest to use for this microservice.
+	 * @throws IOException If a problem occurred while trying to read the manifest file.
+	 */
+	public static void setManifest(Class<?> c) throws IOException {
+		Microservice.mf = new ManifestFile(c);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates the {@link VarResolver} used to resolve variables in the config file returned by {@link #getConfig()}.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * The default implementation resolves the following variables:
+	 * <ul>
+	 * 	<li><code>$S{key}</code>, <code>$S{key,default}</code> - System properties.
+	 * 	<li><code>$E{key}</code>, <code>$E{key,default}</code> - Environment variables.
+	 * 	<li><code>$C{key}</code>, <code>$C{key,default}</code> - Config file entries.
+	 * 	<li><code>$MF{key}</code>, <code>$MF{key,default}</code> - Manifest file entries.
+	 * 	<li><code>$ARG{key}</code>, <code>$ARG{key,default}</code> - Command-line arguments.
+	 * 	<li><code>$IF{boolArg,thenValue}</code>, <code>$IF{boolArg,thenValue,elseValue}</code> - If-block logic.
+	 * 	<li><code>$SW{stringArg,pattern,thenVal...}</code>, 
+	 * 		<code>$SW{stringArg,pattern,thenVal,elseVal...}</code>  - Switch-block logic.
+	 * </ul>
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to provide their own variables.
+	 *
+	 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<jd>/**
+	 * 	 * Augment default var resolver with a custom $B{...} variable that simply wraps strings inside square brackets.
+	 * 	 * /</jd>
+	 * 	<ja>@Override</ja> <jc>// Microservice</jc>
+	 * 	<jk>protected</jk> StringVarResolver createVarResolver() {
+	 * 		<jk>return super</jk>.createVarResolver()
+	 * 			.addVar(<js>"B"</js>,
+	 * 				<jk>new</jk> StringVarWithDefault() {
+	 * 					<ja>@Override</ja> <jc>// StringVar</jc>
+	 * 					<jk>public</jk> String resolve(String varVal) {
+	 * 						<jk>return</jk> <js>'['</js> + varVal + <js>']'</js>;
+	 * 					}
+	 * 				}
+	 * 			);
+	 * 	}
+	 * </p>
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<cc># Example config file</cc>
+	 * 	<cs>[MySection]</cs>
+	 * 	<ck>myEntry</ck> = $B{foo}
+	 * </p>
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<jc>// Example java code</jc>
+	 * 	String myentry = getConfig().getString(<js>"MySection/myEntry"</js>); <jc>// == "[foo]"</js>
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @return A new {@link VarResolver}.
+	 */
+	protected VarResolverBuilder createVarResolver() {
+		VarResolverBuilder b = new VarResolverBuilder()
+			.defaultVars()
+			.vars(ConfigFileVar.class, ManifestFileVar.class, ArgsVar.class, SwitchVar.class, IfVar.class)
+			.contextObject(ManifestFileVar.SESSION_manifest, mf)
+			.contextObject(ArgsVar.SESSION_args, args);
+		if (cf != null)
+			b.contextObject(ConfigFileVar.SESSION_config, cf);
+		return b;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the command-line arguments passed into the application.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * This method can be called from the class constructor.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * See {@link Args} for details on using this method.
+	 *
+	 * @return The command-line arguments passed into the application.
+	 */
+	protected static Args getArgs() {
+		return args;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the external INI-style configuration file that can be used to configure your microservice.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * The config file location is determined in the following order:
+	 * <ol class='spaced-list'>
+	 * 	<li>
+	 * 		The first argument passed to the microservice jar.
+	 * 	<li>
+	 * 		The <code>Main-ConfigFile</code> entry in the microservice jar manifest file.
+	 * 	<li>
+	 * 		The name of the microservice jar with a <js>".cfg"</js> suffix (e.g. 
+	 * 		<js>"mymicroservice.jar"</js>-&gt;<js>"mymicroservice.cfg"</js>).
+	 * </ol>
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * If all methods for locating the config file fail, then this method returns <jk>null</jk>.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can set their own config file by calling the {@link #setConfig(ConfigFile)} method.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * String variables defined by {@link #createVarResolver()} are automatically resolved when using this method.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * This method can be called from the class constructor.
+	 *
+	 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+	 * 	<cc># My section</cc>
+	 * 	<cc>#--------------------------</cc>
+	 * 	<cs>[MySection]</cs>
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># An integer</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>anInt</ck> = 1
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A boolean</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>aBoolean</ck> = true
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># An int array</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>anIntArray</ck> = 1,2,3
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A POJO that can be converted from a String</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>aURL</ck> = http://foo
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A POJO that can be converted from JSON</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>aBean</ck> = {foo:'bar',baz:123}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A system property</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>locale</ck> = $S{java.locale, en_US}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># An environment variable</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>path</ck> = $E{PATH, unknown}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A manifest file entry</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>mainClass</ck> = $MF{Main-Class}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Another value in this config file</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>sameAsAnInt</ck> = $C{MySection/anInt}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A command-line argument in the form "myarg=foo"</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>myArg</ck> = $ARG{myarg}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The first command-line argument</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>firstArg</ck> = $ARG{0}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Look for system property, or env var if that doesn't exist, or command-line arg if that doesn't exist.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>nested</ck> = $S{mySystemProperty,$E{MY_ENV_VAR,$ARG{0}}}
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A POJO with embedded variables</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>aBean2</ck> = {foo:'$ARG{0}',baz:$C{MySection/anInt}}
+	 * </p>
+	 * 
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<jc>// Java code for accessing config entries above.</jc>
+	 * 	ConfigFile cf = getConfig();
+	 *
+	 * 	<jk>int</jk> anInt = cf.getInt(<js>"MySection/anInt"</js>);
+	 * 	<jk>boolean</jk> aBoolean = cf.getBoolean(<js>"MySection/aBoolean"</js>);
+	 * 	<jk>int</jk>[] anIntArray = cf.getObject(<jk>int</jk>[].<jk>class</jk>, <js>"MySection/anIntArray"</js>);
+	 * 	URL aURL = cf.getObject(URL.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"MySection/aURL"</js>);
+	 * 	MyBean aBean = cf.getObject(MyBean.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"MySection/aBean"</js>);
+	 * 	Locale locale = cf.getObject(Locale.<jk>class</jk>, <js>"MySection/locale"</js>);
+	 * 	String path = cf.getString(<js>"MySection/path"</js>);
+	 * 	String mainClass = cf.getString(<js>"MySection/mainClass"</js>);
+	 * 	<jk>int</jk> sameAsAnInt = cf.getInt(<js>"MySection/sameAsAnInt"</js>);
+	 * 	String myArg = cf.getString(<js>"MySection/myArg"</js>);
+	 * 	String firstArg = cf.getString(<js>"MySection/firstArg"</js>);
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @return The config file for this application, or <jk>null</jk> if no config file is configured.
+	 */
+	protected static ConfigFile getConfig() {
+		return cf;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the main jar manifest file contents as a simple {@link ObjectMap}.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * This map consists of the contents of {@link Manifest#getMainAttributes()} with the keys and entries converted to 
+	 * simple strings.
+	 * <p>
+	 * This method can be called from the class constructor.
+	 *
+	 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<jc>// Get Main-Class from manifest file.</jc>
+	 * 	String mainClass = Microservice.<jsm>getManifest</jsm>().getString(<js>"Main-Class"</js>, <js>"unknown"</js>);
+	 *
+	 * 	<jc>// Get Rest-Resources from manifest file.</jc>
+	 * 	String[] restResources = Microservice.<jsm>getManifest</jsm>().getStringArray(<js>"Rest-Resources"</js>);
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @return The manifest file from the main jar, or <jk>null</jk> if the manifest file could not be retrieved.
+	 */
+	protected static ManifestFile getManifest() {
+		return mf;
+	}
+
+
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Abstract lifecycle methods.
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	/**
+	 * Start this application.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Default implementation simply calls {@link #onStart()}.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Overridden methods MUST call this method FIRST so that the {@link #onStart()} method is called.
+	 *
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	public Microservice start() throws Exception {
+
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		// Try to get the manifest file if it wasn't already set.
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		if (mf == null) {
+			Manifest m = new Manifest();
+
+			// If running within an eclipse workspace, need to get it from the file system.
+			File f = new File("META-INF/MANIFEST.MF");
+			if (f.exists()) {
+				try {
+					m.read(new FileInputStream(f));
+				} catch (IOException e) {
+					System.err.println("Problem detected in MANIFEST.MF.  Contents below:\n" + read(f));
+					throw e;
+				}
+			} else {
+				// Otherwise, read from manifest file in the jar file containing the main class.
+				URLClassLoader cl = (URLClassLoader)getClass().getClassLoader();
+				URL url = cl.findResource("META-INF/MANIFEST.MF");
+				if (url != null) {
+					try {
+						m.read(url.openStream());
+					} catch (IOException e) {
+						System.err.println("Problem detected in MANIFEST.MF.  Contents below:\n" + read(url.openStream()));
+						throw e;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			mf = new ManifestFile(m);
+		}
+
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		// Resolve the config file if the path was specified.
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		ConfigFileBuilder cfb = new ConfigFileBuilder();
+		if (cfPath != null)
+			cf = cfb.build(cfPath).getResolving(createVarResolver().build());
+
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		// Find config file.
+		// Can either be passed in as first parameter, or we discover it using
+		// the 'sun.java.command' system property.
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		if (cf == null) {
+			if (args.hasArg(0))
+				cfPath = args.getArg(0);
+			else if (mf.containsKey("Main-ConfigFile"))
+				cfPath = mf.getString("Main-ConfigFile");
+			else {
+				String cmd = System.getProperty("sun.java.command", "not_found").split("\\s+")[0];
+				if (cmd.endsWith(".jar"))
+					cfPath = cmd.replace(".jar", ".cfg");
+			}
+
+			if (cfPath == null) {
+				System.err.println("Running class ["+getClass().getSimpleName()+"] without a config file.");
+				cf = cfb.build();
+			} else {
+				System.out.println("Running class ["+getClass().getSimpleName()+"] using config file ["+cfPath+"]");
+				cf = cfb.build(cfPath).getResolving(createVarResolver().build());
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (cfPath != null)
+			System.setProperty("juneau.configFile", cfPath);
+
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		// Set system properties.
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		Set<String> spKeys = cf.getSectionKeys("SystemProperties");
+		if (spKeys != null)
+			for (String key : spKeys)
+				System.setProperty(key, cf.get("SystemProperties", key));
+
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		// Add a config file change listener.
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		cf.addListener(new ConfigFileListener() {
+			@Override /* ConfigFileListener */
+			public void onSave(ConfigFile cf) {
+				onConfigSave(cf);
+			}
+			@Override /* ConfigFileListener */
+			public void onChange(ConfigFile cf, Set<String> changes) {
+				onConfigChange(cf, changes);
+			}
+		});
+
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		// Add exit listeners.
+		// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+		new Thread() {
+			@Override /* Thread */
+			public void run() {
+				Console c = System.console();
+				if (c == null)
+					System.out.println("No available console.");
+				else {
+					while (true) {
+						String l = c.readLine("\nEnter 'exit' to exit.\n");
+						if (l == null || l.equals("exit")) {
+							Microservice.this.stop();
+							break;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}.start();
+		Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(
+			new Thread() {
+				@Override /* Thread */
+				public void run() {
+					Microservice.this.stop();
+				}
+			}
+		);
+		onStart();
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Joins the application with the current thread.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Default implementation is a no-op.
+	 *
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	public Microservice join() throws Exception {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Stop this application.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Default implementation simply calls {@link #onStop()}.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Overridden methods MUST call this method LAST so that the {@link #onStop()} method is called.
+	 *
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 */
+	public Microservice stop() {
+		onStop();
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Kill the JVM by calling <code>System.exit(2);</code>.
+	 */
+	public void kill() {
+		// This triggers the shutdown hook.
+		System.exit(2);
+	}
+
+
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Lifecycle listener methods.
+	// Subclasses can override these methods to run code on certain events.
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	/**
+	 * Called at the beginning of the {@link #start()} call.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onStart() {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called at the end of the {@link #stop()} call.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onStop() {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called if the {@link ConfigFile#save()} is called on the config file.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to listen for config file changes.
+	 *
+	 * @param cf The config file.
+	 */
+	protected void onConfigSave(ConfigFile cf) {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called if one or more changes occur in the config file.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to listen for config file changes.
+	 *
+	 * @param cf The config file.
+	 * @param changes The list of keys in the config file being changed.
+	 */
+	protected void onConfigChange(ConfigFile cf, Set<String> changes) {}
+}

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==============================================================================
--- release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/Resource.java (added)
+++ release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/Resource.java Fri Sep  8 23:21:12 2017
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
+// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
+// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
+// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
+// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
+// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+package org.apache.juneau.microservice;
+
+import static org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.HookEvent.*;
+import static javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.svl.vars.*;
+
+/**
+ * Superclass for all REST resources.
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * In additional to the functionality of the {@link RestServletDefault} group,
+ * augments the {@link RestContext#getVarResolver()} method with the following additional variable types:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		<code class='snippet'>$ARG{...}</code> - Command line arguments pulled from {@link Microservice#getArgs()}.
+ * 		
+ *			<h6 class='figure'>Example:</h6>
+ * 		<p class='bcode'>
+ * 	String firstArg = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$ARG{0}"</js>);  <jc>// First argument.</jc>
+ * 	String namedArg = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$ARG{myarg}"</js>);  <jc>// Named argument (e.g. "myarg=foo"). </jc>
+ * 		</p>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		<code class='snippet'>$MF{...}</code> - Manifest file entries pulled from {@link Microservice#getManifest()}.
+ * 		
+ * 		<h6 class='figure'>Example:</h6>
+ * 		<p class='bcode'>
+ * 	String mainClass = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$MF{Main-Class}"</js>);  <jc>// Main class. </jc>
+ * 		</p>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("serial")
+@RestResource(
+	htmldoc=@HtmlDoc(
+		links={
+			"up: request:/..",
+			"options: servlet:/?method=OPTIONS"
+		},
+		stylesheet="$C{REST/stylesheet,servlet:/styles/devops.css}"
+	),
+	config="$S{juneau.configFile}"
+)
+public abstract class Resource extends RestServletDefault {
+
+	/**
+	 * Add <code>$ARGS</code> and <code>$MF</code> variable resolvers.
+	 * 
+	 * @param config The resource config.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	@RestHook(INIT) 
+	public void addConfigVars(RestConfig config) throws Exception {
+		if (Microservice.getArgs() == null || Microservice.getConfig() == null)
+			throw new RestException(SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "Attempting to use Resource class outside of RestMicroservice.");
+		config
+			.addVars(ArgsVar.class, ManifestFileVar.class)
+			.addVarContextObject(ArgsVar.SESSION_args, Microservice.getArgs())
+			.addVarContextObject(ManifestFileVar.SESSION_manifest, Microservice.getManifest());
+	}
+}

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Added: release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceGroup.java
==============================================================================
--- release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceGroup.java (added)
+++ release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceGroup.java Fri Sep  8 23:21:12 2017
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
+// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
+// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
+// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
+// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
+// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+package org.apache.juneau.microservice;
+
+import static javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.*;
+import static org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.HookEvent.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.svl.vars.*;
+
+/**
+ * Superclass for all REST resource groups.
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * In additional to the functionality of the {@link RestServletGroupDefault} group,
+ * augments the {@link RestContext#getVarResolver()} method with the following additional variable types:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		<jk>$ARG{...}</jk> - Command line arguments.
+ * 		<br>Resolves values from {@link Microservice#getArgs()}.
+ * 		
+ * 		<h6>Example:</h6>
+ * 		<p class='bcode'>
+ * 	String firstArg = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$ARG{0}"</js>);  <jc>// First argument.</jc>
+ * 	String namedArg = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$ARG{myarg}"</js>);  <jc>// Named argument (e.g. "myarg=foo"). </jc>
+ * 		</p>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		<jk>$MF{...}</jk> - Manifest file entries.
+ * 		
+ * 		<h6>Example:</h6>
+ * 		<p class='bcode'>
+ * 	String mainClass = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$MF{Main-Class}"</js>);  <jc>// Main class. </jc>
+ * 		</p>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("serial")
+@RestResource(
+	htmldoc=@HtmlDoc(
+		links={
+			"up: request:/..",
+			"options: servlet:/?method=OPTIONS"
+		},
+		stylesheet="$C{REST/stylesheet,servlet:/styles/devops.css}"
+	),
+	config="$S{juneau.configFile}"
+)
+public abstract class ResourceGroup extends RestServletGroupDefault {
+
+	/**
+	 * Initializes the registry URL and rest clent.
+	 * 
+	 * @param config The resource config.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	@RestHook(INIT) 
+	public void addConfigVars(RestConfig config) throws Exception {
+		if (Microservice.getArgs() == null || Microservice.getConfig() == null)
+			throw new RestException(SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "Attempting to use ResourceGroup class outside of RestMicroservice.");
+		config
+			.addVars(ArgsVar.class, ManifestFileVar.class)
+			.addVarContextObject(ArgsVar.SESSION_args, Microservice.getArgs())
+			.addVarContextObject(ManifestFileVar.SESSION_manifest, Microservice.getManifest());
+	}
+}

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Added: release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceJena.java
==============================================================================
--- release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceJena.java (added)
+++ release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceJena.java Fri Sep  8 23:21:12 2017
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
+// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
+// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
+// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
+// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
+// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+package org.apache.juneau.microservice;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.jena.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.*;
+
+/**
+ * Superclass for all REST resources with RDF support.
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("serial")
+@RestResource(
+	htmldoc=@HtmlDoc(
+		links={
+			"up: request:/..",
+			"options: servlet:/?method=OPTIONS"
+		},
+		stylesheet="$C{REST/stylesheet,servlet:/styles/devops.css}"
+	),
+	config="$S{juneau.configFile}",
+	serializers={
+		RdfSerializer.Xml.class,
+		RdfSerializer.XmlAbbrev.class,
+		RdfSerializer.Turtle.class,
+		RdfSerializer.NTriple.class,
+		RdfSerializer.N3.class
+	},
+	parsers={
+		RdfParser.Xml.class,
+		RdfParser.Turtle.class,
+		RdfParser.NTriple.class,
+		RdfParser.N3.class
+	}
+)
+public abstract class ResourceJena extends RestServletDefault {}

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Added: release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceJenaGroup.java
==============================================================================
--- release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceJenaGroup.java (added)
+++ release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/ResourceJenaGroup.java Fri Sep  8 23:21:12 2017
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
+// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
+// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
+// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
+// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
+// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+package org.apache.juneau.microservice;
+
+import static javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.*;
+import static org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.HookEvent.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.jena.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.svl.vars.*;
+
+/**
+ * Superclass for all REST resource groups.
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * In additional to the functionality of the {@link RestServletGroupDefault} group,
+ * augments the {@link RestContext#getVarResolver()} method with the following additional variable types:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		<jk>$ARG{...}</jk> - Command line arguments.
+ * 		<br>Resolves values from {@link Microservice#getArgs()}.
+ * 		
+ * 		<h6>Example:</h6>
+ * 		<p class='bcode'>
+ * 	String firstArg = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$ARG{0}"</js>);  <jc>// First argument.</jc>
+ * 	String namedArg = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$ARG{myarg}"</js>);  <jc>// Named argument (e.g. "myarg=foo"). </jc>
+ * 		</p>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		<jk>$MF{...}</jk> - Manifest file entries.
+ * 		
+ * 		<h6>Example:</h6>
+ * 		<p class='bcode'>
+ * 	String mainClass = request.getVarResolver().resolve(<js>"$MF{Main-Class}"</js>);  <jc>// Main class. </jc>
+ * 		</p>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("serial")
+@RestResource(
+	htmldoc=@HtmlDoc(
+		links={
+			"up: request:/..",
+			"options: servlet:/?method=OPTIONS"
+		},
+		stylesheet="$C{REST/stylesheet,servlet:/styles/devops.css}"
+	),
+	config="$S{juneau.configFile}",
+	serializers={
+		RdfSerializer.Xml.class,
+		RdfSerializer.XmlAbbrev.class,
+		RdfSerializer.Turtle.class,
+		RdfSerializer.NTriple.class,
+		RdfSerializer.N3.class
+	},
+	parsers={
+		RdfParser.Xml.class,
+		RdfParser.Turtle.class,
+		RdfParser.NTriple.class,
+		RdfParser.N3.class
+	}
+)
+public abstract class ResourceJenaGroup extends RestServletGroupDefault {
+
+	/**
+	 * Add <code>$ARGS</code> and <code>$MF</code> variable resolvers.
+	 * 
+	 * @param config The resource config.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	@RestHook(INIT) 
+	public void addConfigVars(RestConfig config) throws Exception {
+		if (Microservice.getArgs() == null || Microservice.getConfig() == null)
+			throw new RestException(SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "Attempting to use ResourceJenaGroup class outside of RestMicroservice.");
+		config
+			.addVars(ArgsVar.class, ManifestFileVar.class)
+			.addVarContextObject(ArgsVar.SESSION_args, Microservice.getArgs())
+			.addVarContextObject(ManifestFileVar.SESSION_manifest, Microservice.getManifest());
+	}
+}

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Added: release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/RestMicroservice.java
==============================================================================
--- release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/RestMicroservice.java (added)
+++ release/incubator/juneau/juneau-microservice-server/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/microservice/RestMicroservice.java Fri Sep  8 23:21:12 2017
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
+// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
+// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
+// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
+// *                                                                                                                         *
+// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
+// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
+// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
+// ***************************************************************************************************************************
+package org.apache.juneau.microservice;
+
+import static org.apache.juneau.internal.StringUtils.*;
+import static org.apache.juneau.internal.FileUtils.*;
+import static org.apache.juneau.internal.ClassUtils.*;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.logging.*;
+
+import javax.servlet.*;
+
+import org.apache.juneau.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.ini.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.json.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.microservice.resources.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.parser.*;
+import org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.*;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.*;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.*;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.xml.*;
+
+/**
+ * Entry point for Juneau microservice that implements a REST interface using Jetty on a single port.
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Jetty Server Details</h6>
+ * 
+ * The Jetty server is created by the {@link #createServer()} method and started with the {@link #startServer()} method.
+ * These methods can be overridden to provided customized behavior.
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Defining REST Resources</h6>
+ * 
+ * Top-level REST resources are defined by the {@link #getResourceMap()} method.
+ * This method can be overridden to provide a customized list of REST resources.
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Logging</h6>
+ * 
+ * Logging is initialized by the {@link #initLogging()} method.
+ * This method can be overridden to provide customized logging behavior.
+ *
+ * <h6 class='topic'>Lifecycle Listener Methods</h6>
+ * Subclasses can optionally implement the following event listener methods:
+ * <ul class='spaced-list'>
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onStart()} - Gets executed before {@link #start()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onStop()} - Gets executed before {@link #stop()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onCreateServer()} - Gets executed before {@link #createServer()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onStartServer()} - Gets executed before {@link #startServer()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onPostStartServer()} - Gets executed after {@link #startServer()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onStopServer()} - Gets executed before {@link #stop()}.
+ * 	<li>
+ * 		{@link #onPostStopServer()} - Gets executed after {@link #stop()}.
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class RestMicroservice extends Microservice {
+	
+	ServletContextHandler servletContextHandler; 
+	Server server;
+	int port;
+	String contextPath;
+	Logger logger;
+	Object jettyXml;
+	
+	/**
+	 * Main method.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses must also implement this method!
+	 *
+	 * @param args Command line arguments.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+		new RestMicroservice(args).start().join();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructor.
+	 *
+	 * @param args Command line arguments.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	public RestMicroservice(String...args) throws Exception {
+		super(args);
+	}
+
+
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Methods implemented on Microservice API
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	@Override /* Microservice */
+	public RestMicroservice start() throws Exception {
+		super.start();
+		try {
+			initLogging();
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			// If logging can be initialized, just print a stack trace and continue.
+			e.printStackTrace();
+		}
+		createServer();
+		startServer();
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	@Override /* Microservice */
+	public RestMicroservice join() throws Exception {
+		server.join();
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	@Override /* Microservice */
+	public RestMicroservice stop() {
+		Thread t = new Thread() {
+			@Override /* Thread */
+			public void run() {
+				try {
+					if (server.isStopping() || server.isStopped())
+						return;
+					onStopServer();
+					logger.warning("Stopping server.");
+					server.stop();
+					logger.warning("Server stopped.");
+					onPostStopServer();
+				} catch (Exception e) {
+					logger.log(Level.SEVERE, e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
+				}
+			}
+		};
+		t.start();
+		try {
+			t.join();
+		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
+			e.printStackTrace();
+		}
+		super.stop();
+		return this;
+	}
+
+
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// RestMicroservice API methods.
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the port that this microservice started up on.
+	 * @return The port that this microservice started up on.
+	 */
+	public int getPort() {
+		return port;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the URI where this microservice is listening on.
+	 * @return The URI where this microservice is listening on.
+	 */
+	public URI getURI() {
+		String scheme = getConfig().getBoolean("REST/useSsl") ? "https" : "http";
+		String hostname = "localhost";
+		String ctx = "/".equals(contextPath) ? null : contextPath;
+		try {
+			hostname = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName();
+		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {}
+		try {
+			return new URI(scheme, null, hostname, port, ctx, null, null);
+		} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException(e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Initialize the logging for this microservice.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to provide customized logging.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * The default implementation uses the <cs>Logging</cs> section in the config file to set up logging:
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<cc>#================================================================================
+	 * 	# Logger settings
+	 * 	# See FileHandler Java class for details.
+	 * 	#================================================================================</cc>
+	 * 	<cs>[Logging]</cs>
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The directory where to create the log file.
+	 * 	# Default is ".".</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>logDir</ck> = logs
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The name of the log file to create for the main logger.
+	 * 	# The logDir and logFile make up the pattern that's passed to the FileHandler
+	 * 	# constructor.
+	 * 	# If value is not specified, then logging to a file will not be set up.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>logFile</ck> = microservice.%g.log
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Whether to append to the existing log file or create a new one.
+	 * 	# Default is false.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>append</ck> =
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The SimpleDateFormat format to use for dates.
+	 * 	# Default is "yyyy.MM.dd hh:mm:ss".</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>dateFormat</ck> =
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The log message format.
+	 * 	# The value can contain any of the following variables:
+	 * 	# 	{date} - The date, formatted per dateFormat.
+	 * 	#	{class} - The class name.
+	 * 	#	{method} - The method name.
+	 * 	#	{logger} - The logger name.
+	 * 	#	{level} - The log level name.
+	 * 	#	{msg} - The log message.
+	 * 	#	{threadid} - The thread ID.
+	 * 	#	{exception} - The localized exception message.
+	 * 	# Default is "[{date} {level}] {msg}%n".</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>format</ck> =
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The maximum log file size.
+	 * 	# Suffixes available for numbers.
+	 * 	# See ConfigFile.getInt(String,int) for details.
+	 * 	# Default is 1M.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>limit</ck> = 10M
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Max number of log files.
+	 * 	# Default is 1.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>count</ck> = 5
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Default log levels.
+	 * 	# Keys are logger names.
+	 * 	# Values are serialized Level POJOs.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>levels</ck> = { org.apache.juneau:'INFO' }
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Only print unique stack traces once and then refer to them by a simple 8 character hash identifier.
+	 * 	# Useful for preventing log files from filling up with duplicate stack traces.
+	 * 	# Default is false.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>useStackTraceHashes</ck> = true
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The default level for the console logger.
+	 * 	# Default is WARNING.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>consoleLevel</ck> = WARNING
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	protected void initLogging() throws Exception {
+		ConfigFile cf = getConfig();
+		logger = Logger.getLogger("");
+		String logFile = cf.getString("Logging/logFile");
+		if (! isEmpty(logFile)) {
+			LogManager.getLogManager().reset();
+			String logDir = cf.getString("Logging/logDir", ".");
+			mkdirs(new File(logDir), false);
+			boolean append = cf.getBoolean("Logging/append");
+			int limit = cf.getInt("Logging/limit", 1024*1024);
+			int count = cf.getInt("Logging/count", 1);
+			FileHandler fh = new FileHandler(logDir + '/' + logFile, limit, count, append);
+
+			boolean useStackTraceHashes = cf.getBoolean("Logging/useStackTraceHashes");
+			String format = cf.getString("Logging/format", "[{date} {level}] {msg}%n");
+			String dateFormat = cf.getString("Logging/dateFormat", "yyyy.MM.dd hh:mm:ss");
+			fh.setFormatter(new LogEntryFormatter(format, dateFormat, useStackTraceHashes));
+			logger.addHandler(fh);
+
+			ConsoleHandler ch = new ConsoleHandler();
+			ch.setLevel(Level.parse(cf.getString("Logging/consoleLevel", "WARNING")));
+			ch.setFormatter(new LogEntryFormatter(format, dateFormat, false));
+			logger.addHandler(ch);
+		}
+		ObjectMap loggerLevels = cf.getObject("Logging/levels", ObjectMap.class);
+		if (loggerLevels != null)
+		for (String l : loggerLevels.keySet())
+			Logger.getLogger(l).setLevel(loggerLevels.get(l, Level.class));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Method used to create (but not start) an instance of a Jetty server.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to customize the Jetty server before it is started.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * The default implementation is configured by the following values in the config file 
+	 * if a jetty.xml is not specified via a <code>REST/jettyXml</code> setting:
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<cc>#================================================================================
+	 * 	# REST settings
+	 * 	#================================================================================</cc>
+	 * 	<cs>[REST]</cs>
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The HTTP port number to use.
+	 * 	# Default is Rest-Port setting in manifest file, or 8000.
+	 * 	# Can also specify a comma-delimited lists of ports to try, including 0 meaning
+	 * 	# try a random port.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>port</ck> = 10000
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># The context root of the Jetty server.
+	 * 	# Default is Rest-ContextPath in manifest file, or "/".</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>contextPath</ck> =
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># Enable SSL support.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>useSsl</ck> = false
+	 *
+	 * @return The newly-created server.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	protected Server createServer() throws Exception {
+		onCreateServer();
+
+		ConfigFile cf = getConfig();
+		ObjectMap mf = getManifest();
+		if (jettyXml == null)
+			jettyXml = cf.getString("REST/jettyXml", mf.getString("Rest-JettyXml", null));
+		if (jettyXml != null) {
+			InputStream is = null;
+			if (jettyXml instanceof String) {
+				jettyXml = new File(jettyXml.toString());
+			}
+			if (jettyXml instanceof File) {
+				File f = (File)jettyXml;
+				if (f.exists())
+					is = new FileInputStream((File)jettyXml);
+				else 
+					throw new FormattedRuntimeException("Jetty.xml file ''{0}'' was specified but not found on the file system.", jettyXml);
+			} else if (jettyXml instanceof InputStream) {
+				is = (InputStream)jettyXml;
+			}
+			
+			XmlConfiguration config = new XmlConfiguration(is);
+			server = (Server)config.configure();
+		
+		} else {
+			int[] ports = cf.getObjectWithDefault("REST/port", mf.getWithDefault("Rest-Port", new int[]{8000}, int[].class), int[].class);
+
+			port = findOpenPort(ports);
+			if (port == 0) {
+				System.err.println("Open port not found.  Tried " + JsonSerializer.DEFAULT_LAX.toString(ports));
+				System.exit(1);
+			}
+
+			contextPath = cf.getString("REST/contextPath", mf.getString("Rest-ContextPath", "/"));
+			server = new Server(port);
+			
+			servletContextHandler = new ServletContextHandler(ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+
+			servletContextHandler.setContextPath(contextPath);
+			server.setHandler(servletContextHandler);
+
+			for (Map.Entry<String,Class<? extends Servlet>> e : getResourceMap().entrySet())
+				servletContextHandler.addServlet(e.getValue(), e.getKey()).setInitOrder(0);
+		}
+		
+		return server;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Adds an arbitrary servlet to this microservice.
+	 * 
+	 * @param servlet The servlet instance.
+	 * @param pathSpec The context path of the servlet.
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 * @throws RuntimeException if {@link #createServer()} has not previously been called.
+	 */
+	public RestMicroservice addServlet(Servlet servlet, String pathSpec) {
+		if (servletContextHandler == null)
+			throw new RuntimeException("Servlet context handler not found.  createServer() must be called first.");
+		ServletHolder sh = new ServletHolder(servlet);
+		servletContextHandler.addServlet(sh, pathSpec);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Adds a servlet attribute to the Jetty server.
+	 * 
+	 * @param name The server attribute name.
+	 * @param value The context path of the servlet.
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 * @throws RuntimeException if {@link #createServer()} has not previously been called.
+	 */
+	public RestMicroservice addServletAttribute(String name, Object value) {
+		if (server == null)
+			throw new RuntimeException("Server not found.  createServer() must be called first.");
+		server.setAttribute(name, value);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Returns the underlying Jetty server.
+	 * 
+	 * @return The underlying Jetty server, or <jk>null</jk> if {@link #createServer()} has not yet been called.
+	 */
+	public Server getServer() {
+		return server;
+	}
+	
+	private static int findOpenPort(int[] ports) {
+		for (int port : ports) {
+			try {
+				// If port is 0, try a random port between ports[0] and 32767.
+				if (port == 0)
+					port = new Random().nextInt(32767 - ports[0] + 1) + ports[0];
+				ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port);
+				ss.close();
+				return port;
+			} catch (IOException e) {}
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Method used to start the Jetty server created by {@link #createServer()}.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to customize server startup.
+	 *
+	 * @return The port that this server started on.
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	protected int startServer() throws Exception {
+		onStartServer();
+		server.start();
+		this.port = ((ServerConnector)server.getConnectors()[0]).getLocalPort();
+		logger.warning("Server started on port " + port);
+		onPostStartServer();
+		return port;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the resource map to use for this microservice.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to programmatically specify their resources.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * The default implementation is configured by the following values in the config file:
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc>#================================================================================
+	 * 	# REST settings
+	 * 	#================================================================================</cc>
+	 * 	<cs>[REST]</cs>
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A JSON map of servlet paths to servlet classes.
+	 * 	# Example:
+	 * 	# 	resourceMap = {'/*':'com.foo.MyServlet'}
+	 * 	# Either resourceMap or resources must be specified if it's not defined in
+	 * 	# the manifest file.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>resourceMap</ck> =
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># A comma-delimited list of names of classes that extend from Servlet.
+	 * 	# Resource paths are pulled from @RestResource.path() annotation, or
+	 * 	# 	"/*" if annotation not specified.
+	 * 	# Example:
+	 * 	# 	resources = com.foo.MyServlet
+	 * 	 * 	# Default is Rest-Resources in manifest file.
+	 * 	# Either resourceMap or resources must be specified if it's not defined in
+	 * 	# the manifest file.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>resources</ck> =
+	 * </p>
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * In most cases, the rest resources will be specified in the manifest file since it's not likely to be a 
+	 * configurable property:
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<mk>Rest-Resources:</mk> org.apache.juneau.microservice.sample.RootResources
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @return The map of REST resources.
+	 * @throws ClassNotFoundException
+	 * @throws ParseException
+	 */
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	protected Map<String,Class<? extends Servlet>> getResourceMap() throws ClassNotFoundException, ParseException {
+		ConfigFile cf = getConfig();
+		ObjectMap mf = getManifest();
+		Map<String,Class<? extends Servlet>> rm = new LinkedHashMap<String,Class<? extends Servlet>>();
+
+		ObjectMap resourceMap = cf.getObject("REST/resourceMap", ObjectMap.class);
+		String[] resources = cf.getStringArray("REST/resources", mf.getStringArray("Rest-Resources"));
+
+		if (resourceMap != null && ! resourceMap.isEmpty()) {
+			for (Map.Entry<String,Object> e : resourceMap.entrySet()) {
+				Class<?> c = Class.forName(e.getValue().toString());
+				if (! isParentClass(Servlet.class, c))
+					throw new ClassNotFoundException("Invalid class specified as resource.  Must be a Servlet.  Class='"+c.getName()+"'");
+				rm.put(e.getKey(), (Class<? extends Servlet>)c);
+			}
+		} else if (resources.length > 0) {
+			for (String resource : resources) {
+				Class<?> c = Class.forName(resource);
+				if (! isParentClass(Servlet.class, c))
+					throw new ClassNotFoundException("Invalid class specified as resource.  Must be a Servlet.  Class='"+c.getName()+"'");
+				RestResource rr = c.getAnnotation(RestResource.class);
+				String path = rr == null ? "/*" : rr.path();
+				if (! path.endsWith("*"))
+					path += (path.endsWith("/") ? "*" : "/*");
+				rm.put(path, (Class<? extends Servlet>)c);
+			}
+		}
+		return rm;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called when {@link ConfigFile#save()} is called on the config file.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * The default behavior is configured by the following value in the config file:
+	 * <p class='bcode'>
+	 * 	<cs>[REST]</cs>
+	 *
+	 * 	<cc># What to do when the config file is saved.
+	 * 	# Possible values:
+	 * 	# 	NOTHING - Don't do anything. (default)
+	 * 	#	RESTART_SERVER - Restart the Jetty server.
+	 * 	#	RESTART_SERVICE - Shutdown and exit with code '3'.</cc>
+	 * 	<ck>saveConfigAction</ck> = RESTART_SERVER
+	 * </p>
+	 */
+	@Override /* Microservice */
+	protected void onConfigSave(ConfigFile cf) {
+		try {
+			String saveConfigAction = cf.getString("REST/saveConfigAction", "NOTHING");
+			if (saveConfigAction.equals("RESTART_SERVER")) {
+				new Thread() {
+					@Override /* Thread */
+					public void run() {
+						try {
+							RestMicroservice.this.stop();
+							RestMicroservice.this.start();
+						} catch (Exception e) {
+							logger.log(Level.SEVERE, e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
+						}
+					}
+				}.start();
+			} else if (saveConfigAction.equals("RESTART_SERVICE")) {
+				stop();
+				System.exit(3);
+			}
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException(e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the <code>jetty.xml</code> used to configure the Jetty server.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * 
+	 * @param jettyXml 
+	 * 	The <code>jetty.xml</code>.
+	 * 	<br>Can be any of the following:
+	 * 	<ul>
+	 * 		<li>A {@link File} representing the location on the file system.
+	 * 		<li>An {@link InputStream} containing the contents of the file.
+	 * 		<li>A {@link String} representing the file system path.
+	 * 	</ul>
+	 * @return This object (for method chaining).
+	 */
+	public RestMicroservice setJettyXml(Object jettyXml) {
+		if (jettyXml instanceof String || jettyXml instanceof File || jettyXml instanceof InputStream)
+			this.jettyXml = jettyXml;
+		else
+			throw new FormattedRuntimeException("Invalid object type passed to setJettyXml()", jettyXml == null ? null : jettyXml.getClass().getName());
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Lifecycle listener methods.
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	/**
+	 * Called before {@link #createServer()} is called.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onCreateServer() {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called before {@link #startServer()} is called.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onStartServer() {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called after the Jetty server is started.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onPostStartServer() {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called before the Jetty server is stopped.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onStopServer() {}
+
+	/**
+	 * Called after the Jetty server is stopped.
+	 * 
+	 * <p>
+	 * Subclasses can override this method to hook into the lifecycle of this application.
+	 */
+	protected void onPostStopServer() {}
+
+
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Overridden methods.
+	//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	@Override /* Microservice */
+	public RestMicroservice setConfig(String cfPath, boolean create) throws IOException {
+		super.setConfig(cfPath, create);
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	@Override /* Microservice */
+	public RestMicroservice setManifestContents(String...contents) throws IOException {
+		super.setManifestContents(contents);
+		return this;
+	}
+}

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