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Posted to commits@commons.apache.org by ah...@apache.org on 2021/09/19 22:58:44 UTC
[commons-statistics] branch master updated (adb847a -> dda4ad9)
This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.
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from adb847a Add test for probability of success 1.0
new 99be729 Correct density integrals test
new dda4ad9 STATISTICS 9: Example application to evaluate distributions
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repository and will be described in separate emails. The revisions
listed as "add" were already present in the repository and have only
been added to this reference.
Summary of changes:
.../ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java | 8 +-
.../LICENSE | 0
.../NOTICE | 0
README.md => commons-statistics-examples/README.md | 20 +-
.../examples-distribution/HOWTO.md | 94 +++
.../examples-distribution}/LICENSE | 0
.../examples-distribution}/NOTICE | 0
.../examples-distribution/README.md | 18 +-
.../examples-distribution/pom.xml | 105 ++++
.../AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand.java | 89 +++
.../AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand.java | 89 +++
.../distribution/AbstractDistributionCommand.java | 26 +-
.../examples/distribution/BetaCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/BinomialCommand.java | 147 +++++
.../examples/distribution/CauchyCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/ChiSquaredCommand.java | 131 ++++
.../ContinuousDistributionOptions.java | 57 ++
.../distribution/DiscreteDistributionOptions.java | 52 ++
.../examples/distribution/Distribution.java | 56 ++
.../distribution/DistributionFunction.java | 20 +-
.../examples/distribution/DistributionOptions.java | 54 ++
.../examples/distribution/DistributionUtils.java | 697 +++++++++++++++++++++
.../distribution/DistributionsApplication.java | 111 ++++
.../examples/distribution/ExpCommand.java | 130 ++++
.../statistics/examples/distribution/FCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/GammaCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/GeometricCommand.java | 133 ++++
.../examples/distribution/GumbelCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../distribution/HypergeometricCommand.java | 158 +++++
.../InverseContinuousDistributionOptions.java | 13 +-
.../InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions.java | 52 ++
.../examples/distribution/LaplaceCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/LevyCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/LogNormalCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/LogisticCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../distribution/ManifestVersionProvider.java | 81 +++
.../examples/distribution/NakagamiCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/NormalCommand.java | 146 +++++
.../examples/distribution/ParetoCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/PascalCommand.java | 150 +++++
.../examples/distribution/PoissonCommand.java | 133 ++++
.../examples/distribution/StandardOptions.java | 17 +-
.../statistics/examples/distribution/TCommand.java | 130 ++++
.../examples/distribution/TriangularCommand.java | 157 +++++
.../distribution/TruncatedNormalCommand.java | 169 +++++
.../distribution/UniformContinuousCommand.java | 147 +++++
.../distribution/UniformDiscreteCommand.java | 148 +++++
.../examples/distribution/WeibullCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/ZipfCommand.java | 146 +++++
.../examples}/distribution/package-info.java | 10 +-
commons-statistics-examples/pom.xml | 95 +++
pom.xml | 12 +
stats.tgz | Bin 0 -> 34299 bytes
53 files changed, 5487 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)
copy {commons-statistics-regression => commons-statistics-examples}/LICENSE (100%)
copy {commons-statistics-regression => commons-statistics-examples}/NOTICE (100%)
copy README.md => commons-statistics-examples/README.md (83%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/HOWTO.md
copy {commons-statistics-regression => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution}/LICENSE (100%)
copy {commons-statistics-regression => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution}/NOTICE (100%)
copy README.md => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/README.md (83%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/pom.xml
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand.java
copy commons-statistics-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/package-info.java => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDistributionCommand.java (51%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BetaCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BinomialCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/CauchyCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ChiSquaredCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ContinuousDistributionOptions.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DiscreteDistributionOptions.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/Distribution.java
copy commons-statistics-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/package-info.java => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionFunction.java (59%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionOptions.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionUtils.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionsApplication.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ExpCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/FCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GammaCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GeometricCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GumbelCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/HypergeometricCommand.java
copy commons-statistics-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/package-info.java => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseContinuousDistributionOptions.java (60%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LaplaceCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LevyCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogNormalCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogisticCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ManifestVersionProvider.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NakagamiCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NormalCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ParetoCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PascalCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PoissonCommand.java
copy commons-statistics-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/package-info.java => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/StandardOptions.java (56%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TriangularCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TruncatedNormalCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformContinuousCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformDiscreteCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/WeibullCommand.java
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ZipfCommand.java
copy {commons-statistics-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics => commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples}/distribution/package-info.java (72%)
create mode 100644 commons-statistics-examples/pom.xml
create mode 100644 stats.tgz
[commons-statistics] 01/02: Correct density integrals test
Posted by ah...@apache.org.
This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.
aherbert pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-statistics.git
commit 99be7290365a23323f012e1301190793c2772f3b
Author: Alex Herbert <ah...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Sun Sep 19 22:56:43 2021 +0100
Correct density integrals test
This integrated an interval from the minimum point to the current point.
Change to integrate the interval between consecutive points.
---
.../distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java | 8 ++++----
1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
diff --git a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java
index 120de7c..5632fb2 100644
--- a/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java
+++ b/commons-statistics-distribution/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/distribution/ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest.java
@@ -509,12 +509,12 @@ abstract class ContinuousDistributionAbstractTest {
}
Collections.sort(integrationTestPoints);
for (int i = 1; i < integrationTestPoints.size(); i++) {
+ final double x0 = integrationTestPoints.get(i - 1);
+ final double x1 = integrationTestPoints.get(i);
Assertions.assertEquals(
- distribution.probability(integrationTestPoints.get(0),
- integrationTestPoints.get(i)),
+ distribution.probability(x0, x1),
integrator.integrate(1000000, // Triangle integrals are very slow to converge
- d, integrationTestPoints.get(0),
- integrationTestPoints.get(i)), tol);
+ d, x0, x1), tol);
}
}
Re: [commons-statistics] branch master updated (adb847a -> dda4ad9)
Posted by Alex Herbert <al...@gmail.com>.
On Mon, 20 Sept 2021 at 01:35, Gilles Sadowski <gi...@gmail.com> wrote:
> > Summary of changes:
> > [...]
> > stats.tgz | Bin 0 -> 34299 bytes
>
> Spurious file?
Thanks. An early version that I had transferred from one machine to
another. The RAT check plugin ignored it so it was left in error.
Alex
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Re: [commons-statistics] branch master updated (adb847a -> dda4ad9)
Posted by Gilles Sadowski <gi...@gmail.com>.
Le lun. 20 sept. 2021 à 00:58, <ah...@apache.org> a écrit :
>
> This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.
>
> aherbert pushed a change to branch master
> in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-statistics.git.
>
>
> from adb847a Add test for probability of success 1.0
> new 99be729 Correct density integrals test
> new dda4ad9 STATISTICS 9: Example application to evaluate distributions
>
> The 2 revisions listed above as "new" are entirely new to this
> repository and will be described in separate emails. The revisions
> listed as "add" were already present in the repository and have only
> been added to this reference.
>
>
> Summary of changes:
> [...]
> stats.tgz | Bin 0 -> 34299 bytes
Spurious file?
Gilles
> [...]
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[commons-statistics] 02/02: STATISTICS 9: Example application to
evaluate distributions
Posted by ah...@apache.org.
This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.
aherbert pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-statistics.git
commit dda4ad9bafc7137555ab30b021c3d5bed25f9aa6
Author: Alex Herbert <ah...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Sun Sep 19 23:58:41 2021 +0100
STATISTICS 9: Example application to evaluate distributions
The application can configure the distribution parameters and evaluate
the distribution functions (e.g. pdf, cdf, inverse cdf). The range of
evaluated points can be configured.
---
commons-statistics-examples/LICENSE | 275 ++++++++
commons-statistics-examples/NOTICE | 5 +
commons-statistics-examples/README.md | 93 +++
.../examples-distribution/HOWTO.md | 94 +++
.../examples-distribution/LICENSE | 275 ++++++++
.../examples-distribution/NOTICE | 5 +
.../examples-distribution/README.md | 91 +++
.../examples-distribution/pom.xml | 105 ++++
.../AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand.java | 89 +++
.../AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand.java | 89 +++
.../distribution/AbstractDistributionCommand.java | 43 ++
.../examples/distribution/BetaCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/BinomialCommand.java | 147 +++++
.../examples/distribution/CauchyCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/ChiSquaredCommand.java | 131 ++++
.../ContinuousDistributionOptions.java | 57 ++
.../distribution/DiscreteDistributionOptions.java | 52 ++
.../examples/distribution/Distribution.java | 56 ++
.../distribution/DistributionFunction.java | 37 ++
.../examples/distribution/DistributionOptions.java | 54 ++
.../examples/distribution/DistributionUtils.java | 697 +++++++++++++++++++++
.../distribution/DistributionsApplication.java | 111 ++++
.../examples/distribution/ExpCommand.java | 130 ++++
.../statistics/examples/distribution/FCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/GammaCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/GeometricCommand.java | 133 ++++
.../examples/distribution/GumbelCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../distribution/HypergeometricCommand.java | 158 +++++
.../InverseContinuousDistributionOptions.java | 30 +
.../InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions.java | 52 ++
.../examples/distribution/LaplaceCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/LevyCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/LogNormalCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/LogisticCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../distribution/ManifestVersionProvider.java | 81 +++
.../examples/distribution/NakagamiCommand.java | 144 +++++
.../examples/distribution/NormalCommand.java | 146 +++++
.../examples/distribution/ParetoCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/PascalCommand.java | 150 +++++
.../examples/distribution/PoissonCommand.java | 133 ++++
.../examples/distribution/StandardOptions.java | 34 +
.../statistics/examples/distribution/TCommand.java | 130 ++++
.../examples/distribution/TriangularCommand.java | 157 +++++
.../distribution/TruncatedNormalCommand.java | 169 +++++
.../distribution/UniformContinuousCommand.java | 147 +++++
.../distribution/UniformDiscreteCommand.java | 148 +++++
.../examples/distribution/WeibullCommand.java | 145 +++++
.../examples/distribution/ZipfCommand.java | 146 +++++
.../examples/distribution/package-info.java | 27 +
commons-statistics-examples/pom.xml | 95 +++
pom.xml | 12 +
stats.tgz | Bin 0 -> 34299 bytes
52 files changed, 6316 insertions(+)
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/LICENSE b/commons-statistics-examples/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de777e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
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+ are met:
+
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+ 3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+ CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+ EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+================================================================================
+
+Class "org.apache.commons.rng.internal.source32.MersenneTwister" contains
+Java code partly ported from the reference implementation in C.
+That source file contained the following notice:
+
+ Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+ 3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+ CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+ EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+================================================================================
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/NOTICE b/commons-statistics-examples/NOTICE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d00085d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/NOTICE
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Apache Commons Statistics
+Copyright 2018-2021 The Apache Software Foundation
+
+This product includes software developed at
+The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/README.md b/commons-statistics-examples/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0443de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<!---
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!---
+ +======================================================================+
+ |**** ****|
+ |**** THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMONS BUILD PLUGIN ****|
+ |**** DO NOT EDIT DIRECTLY ****|
+ |**** ****|
+ +======================================================================+
+ | TEMPLATE FILE: readme-md-template.md |
+ | commons-build-plugin/trunk/src/main/resources/commons-xdoc-templates |
+ +======================================================================+
+ | |
+ | 1) Re-generate using: mvn commons:readme-md |
+ | |
+ | 2) Set the following properties in the component's pom: |
+ | - commons.componentid (required, alphabetic, lower case) |
+ | - commons.release.version (required) |
+ | |
+ | 3) Example Properties |
+ | |
+ | <properties> |
+ | <commons.componentid>math</commons.componentid> |
+ | <commons.release.version>1.2</commons.release.version> |
+ | </properties> |
+ | |
+ +======================================================================+
+--->
+Apache Commons Statistics
+===================
+
+Examples of use of the "Commons Statistics" library.
+Codes in this module and its sub-modules are not part of the library.
+They provide checking, benchmarking tools to enhance the documentation
+and to help ensure correctness of the implementations.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+
+More information can be found on the [Apache Commons Statistics homepage](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-statistics).
+The [Javadoc](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-statistics/javadocs/api-release) can be browsed.
+Questions related to the usage of Apache Commons Statistics should be posted to the [user mailing list][ml].
+
+Where can I get the latest release?
+-----------------------------------
+You can download source and binaries from our [download page](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-statistics/download_statistics.cgi).
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+We accept Pull Requests via GitHub. The [developer mailing list][ml] is the main channel of communication for contributors.
+There are some guidelines which will make applying PRs easier for us:
++ No tabs! Please use spaces for indentation.
++ Respect the code style.
++ Create minimal diffs - disable on save actions like reformat source code or organize imports. If you feel the source code should be reformatted create a separate PR for this change.
++ Provide JUnit tests for your changes and make sure your changes don't break any existing tests by running ```mvn clean test```.
+
+If you plan to contribute on a regular basis, please consider filing a [contributor license agreement](https://www.apache.org/licenses/#clas).
+You can learn more about contributing via GitHub in our [contribution guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md).
+
+License
+-------
+This code is under the [Apache Licence v2](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).
+
+See the `NOTICE` file for required notices and attributions.
+
+Donations
+---------
+You like Apache Commons Statistics? Then [donate back to the ASF](https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html) to support the development.
+
+Additional Resources
+--------------------
+
++ [Apache Commons Homepage](https://commons.apache.org/)
++ [Apache Issue Tracker (JIRA)](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/STATISTICS)
++ [Apache Commons Twitter Account](https://twitter.com/ApacheCommons)
++ `#apache-commons` IRC channel on `irc.freenode.org`
+
+[ml]:https://commons.apache.org/mail-lists.html
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/HOWTO.md b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/HOWTO.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb80c30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/HOWTO.md
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+<!---
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+Apache Commons RNG Examples Distribution Utilities
+===================================================
+
+Application for calling distributions defined in Commons Statistics.
+
+Build the package using:
+
+ mvn package -Pexamples-distributions
+
+The application contains help information describing the usage. Obtain the help
+by running the application with the `-h` flag to obtain the available commands
+and to obtain information for the commands:
+
+ java -jar target/examples-distributions.jar -h
+ java -jar target/examples-distributions.jar exp -h
+
+Each command of the application will create an instance of the distribution
+named by the command. Each distribution command has the following functions:
+
+| Function | Description |
+| -------- | ----------- |
+| pdf | Probability Density Function (continuous distributions) |
+| pmf | Probability Mass Function (discrete distributions) |
+| cdf | Cumulative Probability Density Function |
+| survival | Survival Probability Function |
+| icdf | Inverse Cumulative Probability Density Function |
+| lpdf | Natural logarithm of the PDF (continuous distributions) |
+| lpmf | Natural logarithm of the PMF (discrete distributions) |
+
+For convenicence the discrete distribution pmf and lpmf commands are aliased to pdf and lpdf.
+
+The pdf, cdf and survival functions accept an input value and output a probability or
+probability density. The icdf function accepts an input probability and outputs a value.
+The distribution is configured with suitable defaults for the distribution parameters
+and the range of values to evaluate. Executing the command will output a delimited
+table that can be plotted for visual inspection. The output will default to stdout and
+can optionally be written to file.
+
+Distributions for input values that are real numbers will be evaluated between a
+minimum and maximum with a specified number of steps used to move from min to max.
+For example 1 to 5 in 10 steps would use a difference of 0.4 between values.
+
+Distributions for input values that are integers will be evaluated between a
+minimum and maximum with a specified increment used to move from min to max.
+For example 1 to 20 with an increment of 2 would output 11 values. The default
+increment is 1 so caution must be taken when using a large range to avoid excess
+evaluations.
+
+Points to evaluate can be overridden by: using individual values; updating the
+enumerated range; or using an input file.
+
+Distributions that require multiple parameters must specify either a single parameter
+value or ``n`` values where ``n`` is the same for each parameter. Any parameter
+with 1 value will be expanded to size ``n``.
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+To create a sample of the PDF for the exponential distribution:
+
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar exp pdf
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar exp pdf --mean 3.45
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar exp pdf \
+ --mean 3.45 --min 3 --max 5 --steps 50
+
+To create a sample of the CDF for the Poisson distribution:
+
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar poisson cdf
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar poisson cdf --mean 3.45
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar poisson cdf \
+ --mean 12.34 --min 0 --max 50 --increment 2
+
+To create a sample of the PDF for the Gamma distribution with different shape and
+a fixed scale:
+
+ java -jar target/examples-distribution.jar gamma pdf \
+ --shape 0.5,1,2 --scale 1
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/LICENSE b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de777e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+ Apache License
+ Version 2.0, January 2004
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+ 1. Definitions.
+
+ "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
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+ "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+ form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+ editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+ represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+ of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+ separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+ the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
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+ "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+ the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+ to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+ submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
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+ Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+ excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+ designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
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+ "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
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+ or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
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+ as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+ 4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
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+ meet the following conditions:
+
+ (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+ Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+ (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
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+
+ (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
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+
+ You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+ may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+ for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+ for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+ reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+ the conditions stated in this License.
+
+ 5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+ any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+ by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+ this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+ Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+ the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+ with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+ 6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+ names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
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+ origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+ 7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+ agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+ Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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+ risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+ 8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+ whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+ unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
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+ result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+ Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+ work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
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+ on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
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+ defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
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+ END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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+ APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+ To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+ boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
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+ Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+
+================================================================================
+
+Class "org.apache.commons.rng.internal.source64.MersenneTwister64" contains
+Java code partly ported from the reference implementation in C.
+That source file contained the following notice:
+
+ Copyright (C) 2004, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+ 3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+ CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+ EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+================================================================================
+
+Class "org.apache.commons.rng.internal.source32.MersenneTwister" contains
+Java code partly ported from the reference implementation in C.
+That source file contained the following notice:
+
+ Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+ 3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+ CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+ EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+================================================================================
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/NOTICE b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/NOTICE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d00085d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/NOTICE
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Apache Commons Statistics
+Copyright 2018-2021 The Apache Software Foundation
+
+This product includes software developed at
+The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/README.md b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21a6bf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<!---
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!---
+ +======================================================================+
+ |**** ****|
+ |**** THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMONS BUILD PLUGIN ****|
+ |**** DO NOT EDIT DIRECTLY ****|
+ |**** ****|
+ +======================================================================+
+ | TEMPLATE FILE: readme-md-template.md |
+ | commons-build-plugin/trunk/src/main/resources/commons-xdoc-templates |
+ +======================================================================+
+ | |
+ | 1) Re-generate using: mvn commons:readme-md |
+ | |
+ | 2) Set the following properties in the component's pom: |
+ | - commons.componentid (required, alphabetic, lower case) |
+ | - commons.release.version (required) |
+ | |
+ | 3) Example Properties |
+ | |
+ | <properties> |
+ | <commons.componentid>math</commons.componentid> |
+ | <commons.release.version>1.2</commons.release.version> |
+ | </properties> |
+ | |
+ +======================================================================+
+--->
+Apache Commons Statistics
+===================
+
+Application for calling the distributions defined in Commons Statistics.
+Code in this module is not part of the public API.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+
+More information can be found on the [Apache Commons Statistics homepage](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-statistics).
+The [Javadoc](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-statistics/javadocs/api-release) can be browsed.
+Questions related to the usage of Apache Commons Statistics should be posted to the [user mailing list][ml].
+
+Where can I get the latest release?
+-----------------------------------
+You can download source and binaries from our [download page](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-statistics/download_statistics.cgi).
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+We accept Pull Requests via GitHub. The [developer mailing list][ml] is the main channel of communication for contributors.
+There are some guidelines which will make applying PRs easier for us:
++ No tabs! Please use spaces for indentation.
++ Respect the code style.
++ Create minimal diffs - disable on save actions like reformat source code or organize imports. If you feel the source code should be reformatted create a separate PR for this change.
++ Provide JUnit tests for your changes and make sure your changes don't break any existing tests by running ```mvn clean test```.
+
+If you plan to contribute on a regular basis, please consider filing a [contributor license agreement](https://www.apache.org/licenses/#clas).
+You can learn more about contributing via GitHub in our [contribution guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md).
+
+License
+-------
+This code is under the [Apache Licence v2](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).
+
+See the `NOTICE` file for required notices and attributions.
+
+Donations
+---------
+You like Apache Commons Statistics? Then [donate back to the ASF](https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html) to support the development.
+
+Additional Resources
+--------------------
+
++ [Apache Commons Homepage](https://commons.apache.org/)
++ [Apache Issue Tracker (JIRA)](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/STATISTICS)
++ [Apache Commons Twitter Account](https://twitter.com/ApacheCommons)
++ `#apache-commons` IRC channel on `irc.freenode.org`
+
+[ml]:https://commons.apache.org/mail-lists.html
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/pom.xml b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..629afc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+ <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+ <parent>
+ <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+ <artifactId>commons-statistics-examples</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ </parent>
+
+ <artifactId>commons-statistics-examples-distribution</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ <!-- This name is used in the shaded jar to provide the application title for the version information. -->
+ <name>Apache Commons Statistics Distribution Utilities</name>
+
+ <description>Application for calling the distributions defined in Commons Statistics.
+ Code in this module is not part of the public API.</description>
+
+ <properties>
+ <!-- OSGi -->
+ <commons.osgi.symbolicName>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution</commons.osgi.symbolicName>
+ <commons.osgi.export>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution</commons.osgi.export>
+ <!-- Java 9+ -->
+ <commons.automatic.module.name>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution</commons.automatic.module.name>
+ <!-- Workaround to avoid duplicating config files. -->
+ <statistics.parent.dir>${basedir}/../..</statistics.parent.dir>
+
+ <uberjar.name>examples-distribution</uberjar.name>
+ <project.mainClass>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution.DistributionsApplication</project.mainClass>
+ </properties>
+
+ <dependencies>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+ <artifactId>commons-statistics-distribution</artifactId>
+ </dependency>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>info.picocli</groupId>
+ <artifactId>picocli</artifactId>
+ </dependency>
+ </dependencies>
+
+ <profiles>
+ <profile>
+ <id>examples-distribution</id>
+ <build>
+ <plugins>
+ <plugin>
+ <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+ <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
+ <version>${statistics.shade.version}</version>
+ <executions>
+ <execution>
+ <phase>package</phase>
+ <goals>
+ <goal>shade</goal>
+ </goals>
+ <configuration>
+ <finalName>${uberjar.name}</finalName>
+ <minimizeJar>true</minimizeJar>
+ <transformers>
+ <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
+ <mainClass>${project.mainClass}</mainClass>
+ </transformer>
+ </transformers>
+ <filters>
+ <filter>
+ <!-- Shading signed JARs will fail without this. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/999489/invalid-signature-file-when-attempting-to-run-a-jar -->
+ <artifact>*:*</artifact>
+ <excludes>
+ <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
+ <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
+ <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
+ <exclude>META-INF/LICENSE</exclude>
+ <exclude>META-INF/MANIFEST.MF</exclude>
+ <exclude>META-INF/NOTICE</exclude>
+ </excludes>
+ </filter>
+ </filters>
+ </configuration>
+ </execution>
+ </executions>
+ </plugin>
+ </plugins>
+ </build>
+ </profile>
+ </profiles>
+
+</project>
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c6ffd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Mixin;
+
+/**
+ * Base command for a continuous distribution.
+ *
+ * <p>Sub-classes are assumed to have a name that corresponds to the command to action.
+ * Typically this is a function value in the {@link DistributionFunction} enum. The
+ * distribution will be evaluated for this function using the points defined by the
+ * {@link DistributionOptions}.
+ *
+ * <p>Alternatively the sub-class name may indicate a special command to execute.
+ *
+ * <p>Sub-classes must provide the list of distributions to evaluate and options for the
+ * evaluation.
+ */
+abstract class AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand implements Callable<Void> {
+ /** The standard options. */
+ @Mixin
+ private StandardOptions standardOptions;
+
+ @Override
+ public Void call() {
+ final List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> distributions = getDistributions();
+ final DistributionOptions distributionOptions = getDistributionOptions();
+ // Set the function based on the class name
+ final String name = getClass().getSimpleName();
+
+ // Special handling of sub-classes which do not evaluate a function of the distribution.
+ // This is done here to avoid duplicating an overridden 'call()' method for each instance.
+ // Currently this applies to a 'check' command that performs verification checks
+ // on the distribution.
+ if ("Check".equals(name)) {
+ // This is not an evaluation of a single function.
+ DistributionUtils.check(distributions,
+ (ContinuousDistributionOptions) distributionOptions);
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ // Assume an evaluation of a distribution function
+ distributionOptions.distributionFunction = DistributionFunction.valueOf(name);
+ // Assume there are only two types of options:
+ // Forward functions: x (real) -> p-value
+ // Inverse functions: p-value -> x (real)
+ if (distributionOptions instanceof InverseContinuousDistributionOptions) {
+ DistributionUtils.evaluate(distributions,
+ (InverseContinuousDistributionOptions) distributionOptions);
+ } else {
+ DistributionUtils.evaluate(distributions,
+ (ContinuousDistributionOptions) distributionOptions);
+ }
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the distributions to evaluate.
+ *
+ * @return the distributions
+ */
+ protected abstract List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions();
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the distribution options.
+ * This will define the points to evaluate, and the output options.
+ *
+ * @return the distribution options
+ */
+ protected abstract DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions();
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed8ed37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Mixin;
+
+/**
+ * Base command for a discrete distribution.
+ *
+ * <p>Sub-classes are assumed to have a name that corresponds to the command to action.
+ * Typically this is a function value in the {@link DistributionFunction} enum. The
+ * distribution will be evaluated for this function using the points defined by the
+ * {@link DistributionOptions}.
+ *
+ * <p>Alternatively the sub-class name may indicate a special command to execute.
+ *
+ * <p>Sub-classes must provide the list of distributions to evaluate and options for the
+ * evaluation.
+ */
+abstract class AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand implements Callable<Void> {
+ /** The standard options. */
+ @Mixin
+ private StandardOptions standardOptions;
+
+ @Override
+ public Void call() {
+ final List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> distributions = getDistributions();
+ final DistributionOptions distributionOptions = getDistributionOptions();
+ // Set the function based on the class name
+ final String name = getClass().getSimpleName();
+
+ // Special handling of sub-classes which do not evaluate a function of the distribution.
+ // This is done here to avoid duplicating an overridden 'call()' method for each instance.
+ // Currently this applies to a hidden 'check' command that performs verification checks
+ // on the distribution.
+ if ("Check".equals(name)) {
+ // This is not an evaluation of a single function.
+ DistributionUtils.check(distributions,
+ (DiscreteDistributionOptions) distributionOptions);
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ // Assume an evaluation of a distribution function
+ distributionOptions.distributionFunction = DistributionFunction.valueOf(name);
+ // Assume there are only two types of options:
+ // Forward functions: x (int) -> p-value
+ // Inverse functions: p-value -> x (int)
+ if (distributionOptions instanceof InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions) {
+ DistributionUtils.evaluate(distributions,
+ (InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions) distributionOptions);
+ } else {
+ DistributionUtils.evaluate(distributions,
+ (DiscreteDistributionOptions) distributionOptions);
+ }
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the distributions to evaluate.
+ *
+ * @return the distributions
+ */
+ protected abstract List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions();
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the distribution options.
+ * This will define the points to evaluate, and the output options.
+ *
+ * @return the distribution options
+ */
+ protected abstract DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions();
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDistributionCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDistributionCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af73cae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/AbstractDistributionCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Mixin;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Model.CommandSpec;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Spec;
+
+/**
+ * Base command that output the help message.
+ * This is used for commands that have sub-commands.
+ */
+abstract class AbstractDistributionCommand implements Callable<Void> {
+ /** The command specification. Used to print the usage built by Picocli. */
+ @Spec
+ private CommandSpec spec;
+
+ /** The standard options. */
+ @Mixin
+ private StandardOptions standardOptions;
+
+ @Override
+ public Void call() {
+ // All work is done in sub-commands so just print the usage
+ spec.commandLine().usage(System.out);
+ return null;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BetaCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BetaCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d09ec35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BetaCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.BetaDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link BetaDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "beta",
+ description = "Beta distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ BetaCommand.Check.class,
+ BetaCommand.PDF.class,
+ BetaCommand.LPDF.class,
+ BetaCommand.CDF.class,
+ BetaCommand.Survival.class,
+ BetaCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class BetaCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution alpha. */
+ @Option(names = {"--alpha"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"alpha shape (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] alpha = {0.5, 5, 1, 2, 2};
+
+ /** The distribution beta. */
+ @Option(names = {"--beta"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"beta shape (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] beta = {0.5, 1, 3, 2, 5};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] alpha = params.alpha;
+ double[] beta = params.beta;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(alpha.length, beta.length);
+
+ alpha = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(alpha, n);
+ beta = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(beta, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new BetaDistribution(alpha[i], beta[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "alpha=" + alpha[i] + ",beta=" + beta[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Beta distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Beta distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Beta distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Beta distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Beta distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Beta distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BinomialCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BinomialCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60570df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/BinomialCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.BinomialDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link BinomialDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "binomial",
+ aliases = {"bino"},
+ description = "Binomial distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ BinomialCommand.Check.class,
+ BinomialCommand.PMF.class,
+ BinomialCommand.LPMF.class,
+ BinomialCommand.CDF.class,
+ BinomialCommand.Survival.class,
+ BinomialCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class BinomialCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution trials. */
+ @Option(names = {"-n", "--trials"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"number of trials (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] trials = {20, 20, 40};
+
+ /** The distribution p. */
+ @Option(names = {"-p", "--probability"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"probability of success (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] p = {0.5, 0.7, 0.5};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 40;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ int[] trials = params.trials;
+ double[] p = params.p;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(trials.length, p.length);
+
+ trials = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(trials, n);
+ p = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(p, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new BinomialDistribution(trials[i], p[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "trials=" + trials[i] + ",p=" + p[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Binomial distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Binomial distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Binomial distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Binomial distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Binomial distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Binomial distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/CauchyCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/CauchyCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8eda266
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/CauchyCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.CauchyDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link CauchyDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "cauchy",
+ description = "Cauchy distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ CauchyCommand.Check.class,
+ CauchyCommand.PDF.class,
+ CauchyCommand.LPDF.class,
+ CauchyCommand.CDF.class,
+ CauchyCommand.Survival.class,
+ CauchyCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class CauchyCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution location. */
+ @Option(names = {"--location"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"location (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] location = {0, 0, 0, -2};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] scale = {0.5, 1, 2, 1};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] location = params.location;
+ double[] scale = params.scale;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(location.length, scale.length);
+
+ location = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(location, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new CauchyDistribution(location[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "location=" + location[i] + ",scale=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Cauchy distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Cauchy distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Cauchy distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Cauchy distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Cauchy distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Cauchy distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ChiSquaredCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ChiSquaredCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4dbef51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ChiSquaredCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ChiSquaredDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link ChiSquaredDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "chisq",
+ aliases = {"chi2"},
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ ChiSquaredCommand.Check.class,
+ ChiSquaredCommand.PDF.class,
+ ChiSquaredCommand.LPDF.class,
+ ChiSquaredCommand.CDF.class,
+ ChiSquaredCommand.Survival.class,
+ ChiSquaredCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class ChiSquaredCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution degrees of freedom. */
+ @Option(names = {"--df", "--degrees-of-freedom"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"degrees of freedom (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] df = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 8;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (final double degreesOfFreedom : params.df) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new ChiSquaredDistribution(degreesOfFreedom);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "df=" + degreesOfFreedom));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Chi-squared distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ContinuousDistributionOptions.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ContinuousDistributionOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c58bdc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ContinuousDistributionOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Options for functions of continuous distributions.
+ * Applies to functions x=real and f(x)=real.
+ */
+class ContinuousDistributionOptions extends DistributionOptions {
+ /** The minimum point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "--min" },
+ description = {"Minimum point to evaluate (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected double min;
+
+ /** The maximum point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "--max" },
+ description = {"Maximum point to evaluate (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected double max = 5;
+
+ /** The number of steps from minimum to the maximum. */
+ @Option(names = { "--steps" },
+ description = {"Number of steps from the minimum to the maximum (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected int steps = 100;
+
+ /** The single point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "-x", "--point" },
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"Point to evaluate (overrides input range)."})
+ protected double[] x;
+
+ /** The format for the evaluated point. */
+ @Option(names = { "--xformat" },
+ description = {"Format for the evaluated point (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected String xformat = "%.6g";
+
+ /** The format for the output values. */
+ @Option(names = { "--format" },
+ description = {"Format for the output values (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected String format = "%s";
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DiscreteDistributionOptions.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DiscreteDistributionOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6a4f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DiscreteDistributionOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Options for functions of discrete distributions.
+ * Applies to functions x=integer and f(x)=real.
+ */
+class DiscreteDistributionOptions extends DistributionOptions {
+ /** The minimum point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "--min" },
+ description = {"Minimum point to evaluate (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected int min;
+
+ /** The maximum point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "--max" },
+ description = {"Maximum point to evaluate (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected int max = 20;
+
+ /** The increment from minimum to the maximum. */
+ @Option(names = { "-i", "--increment" },
+ description = {"Increment from the minimum to the maximum (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected int increment = 1;
+
+ /** The single point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "-x", "--point" },
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"Point to evaluate (overrides input range)."})
+ protected int[] x;
+
+ /** The format for the output values. */
+ @Option(names = { "--format" },
+ description = {"Format for the output values (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected String format = "%s";
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/Distribution.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/Distribution.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efcdd63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/Distribution.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+/**
+ * Stored a distribution and its parameters.
+ *
+ * @param <T> The type of distribution
+ */
+class Distribution<T> {
+ /** The distribution. */
+ private final T distribution;
+ /** The parameters. */
+ private final String parameters;
+
+ /**
+ * @param distribution the distribution
+ * @param parameters the parameters
+ */
+ Distribution(T distribution, String parameters) {
+ this.distribution = distribution;
+ this.parameters = parameters;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the distribution.
+ *
+ * @return the distribution
+ */
+ T getDistribution() {
+ return distribution;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the parameters.
+ *
+ * @return the parameters
+ */
+ String getParameters() {
+ return parameters;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionFunction.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db71cea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+/**
+ * Define the distribution function.
+ */
+enum DistributionFunction {
+ /** Probability Density Function. */
+ PDF,
+ /** Natural Logarithm of the Probability Density Function. */
+ LPDF,
+ /** Probability Mass Function. */
+ PMF,
+ /** Natural Logarithm of the Probability Mass Function. */
+ LPMF,
+ /** Cumulative Probability Density Function. */
+ CDF,
+ /** Inverse Cumulative Probability Density Function. */
+ ICDF,
+ /** Survival Probability Function. */
+ Survival
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionOptions.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d8092e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Standard options for distribution commands.
+ */
+class DistributionOptions {
+
+ /** The distribution function. */
+ protected DistributionFunction distributionFunction;
+
+ /** The field delimiter. */
+ @Option(names = { "--delim" },
+ description = {"Output field delimiter (default: \\t)."})
+ protected String delim = "\t";
+
+ /** The output file. */
+ @Option(names = { "--out" },
+ paramLabel = "file",
+ description = {"Output file (default: stdout)."})
+ protected File outputFile;
+
+ /** The output file. */
+ @Option(names = { "--in" },
+ paramLabel = "file",
+ description = {"Input file containing points to evaluate.",
+ "Overrides configured ranges."})
+ protected File inputFile;
+
+ /** Flag indicating if an exception should be suppressed during function evaluation.
+ * Exceptions are thrown by the ICDF function when the input probability is not in
+ * the interval {@code [0, 1]}. */
+ @Option(names = { "--no-ex", "--no-exception" },
+ description = {"Suppress function evaluation exceptions (returns NaN or integer min value)."})
+ protected boolean suppressException;
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionUtils.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df3099b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,697 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+
+/**
+ * Utility methods.
+ */
+final class DistributionUtils {
+ /** Message prefix for an unknown function. */
+ private static final String UNKNOWN_FUNCTION = "Unknown function: ";
+
+ /** No public construction. */
+ private DistributionUtils() {}
+
+ /**
+ * A unary function for a continuous distribution.
+ */
+ interface ContinuousFunction {
+ /**
+ * Applies this function to the given argument.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param x Point to evaluate
+ * @return the result
+ */
+ double apply(ContinuousDistribution dist, double x);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A unary function for a discrete distribution.
+ */
+ interface DiscreteFunction {
+ /**
+ * Applies this function to the given argument.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param x Point to evaluate
+ * @return the result
+ */
+ double apply(DiscreteDistribution dist, int x);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A unary inverse function for a discrete distribution.
+ */
+ interface InverseDiscreteFunction {
+ /**
+ * Applies this function to the given argument.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param x Point to evaluate
+ * @return the result
+ */
+ int apply(DiscreteDistribution dist, double x);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Evaluate the distribution function.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ */
+ static void evaluate(List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> dist,
+ ContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ try (PrintWriter out = createOutput(distributionOptions)) {
+ final ContinuousFunction fun = createFunction(distributionOptions);
+ final double[] points = createPoints(distributionOptions);
+
+ final String delim = createDelimiter(distributionOptions);
+ createHeader("x", dist, out, delim);
+
+ // Evaluate function at the points
+ final String format = distributionOptions.format;
+ final String xformat = distributionOptions.xformat;
+ for (final double x : points) {
+ out.format(xformat, x);
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ out.print(delim);
+ out.format(format, fun.apply(d.getDistribution(), x));
+ });
+ out.println();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Evaluate the continuous distribution inverse function.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ */
+ static void evaluate(List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> dist,
+ InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ try (PrintWriter out = createOutput(distributionOptions)) {
+ final ContinuousFunction fun = createFunction(distributionOptions);
+ final double[] points = createPoints(distributionOptions);
+
+ final String delim = createDelimiter(distributionOptions);
+ createHeader("p", dist, out, delim);
+
+ // Evaluate function at the points
+ final String format = distributionOptions.format;
+ final String xformat = distributionOptions.pformat;
+ for (final double p : points) {
+ out.format(xformat, p);
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ out.print(delim);
+ out.format(format, fun.apply(d.getDistribution(), p));
+ });
+ out.println();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Evaluate the discrete distribution function.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ */
+ static void evaluate(List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> dist,
+ DiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ try (PrintWriter out = createOutput(distributionOptions)) {
+ final DiscreteFunction fun = createFunction(distributionOptions);
+ final int[] points = createPoints(distributionOptions);
+
+ final String delim = createDelimiter(distributionOptions);
+ createHeader("x", dist, out, delim);
+
+ // Evaluate function at the points
+ final String format = distributionOptions.format;
+ for (final int x : points) {
+ out.print(x);
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ out.print(delim);
+ out.format(format, fun.apply(d.getDistribution(), x));
+ });
+ out.println();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Evaluate the discrete distribution inverse function.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ */
+ static void evaluate(List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> dist,
+ InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ try (PrintWriter out = createOutput(distributionOptions)) {
+ final InverseDiscreteFunction fun = createFunction(distributionOptions);
+ final double[] points = createPoints(distributionOptions);
+
+ final String delim = createDelimiter(distributionOptions);
+ createHeader("p", dist, out, delim);
+
+ // Evaluate function at the points
+ final String format = distributionOptions.pformat;
+ for (final double p : points) {
+ out.format(format, p);
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ out.print(delim);
+ out.print(fun.apply(d.getDistribution(), p));
+ });
+ out.println();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Verification checks on the continuous distribution.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ */
+ static void check(List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> dist,
+ ContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ try (PrintWriter out = createOutput(distributionOptions)) {
+ final double[] points = createPoints(distributionOptions);
+
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ final ContinuousDistribution dd = d.getDistribution();
+ final String title = dd.getClass().getSimpleName() + " " + d.getParameters();
+ // Note: Negation of equality checks will detect NaNs.
+ // Validate bounds
+ final double lower = dd.getSupportLowerBound();
+ final double upper = dd.getSupportUpperBound();
+ if (!(lower == dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(0))) {
+ out.printf("%s lower icdf(0.0) : %s != %s", title, lower, dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(0));
+ }
+ if (!(upper == dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(1))) {
+ out.printf("%s upper icdf(1.0) : %s != %s", title, upper, dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(1));
+ }
+ // Validate CDF + Survival == 1
+ for (final double x : points) {
+ final double p1 = dd.cumulativeProbability(x);
+ final double p2 = dd.survivalProbability(x);
+ final double s = p1 + p2;
+ if (!(Math.abs(1.0 - s) < 1e-10)) {
+ out.printf("%s x=%s : cdf + survival != 1.0 : %s + %s%n", title, x, p1, p2);
+ }
+ // Verify x = icdf(cdf(x)). Ignore p-values close to the bounds.
+ if (p1 <= 1e-6 || p1 >= 1.0 - 1e-6) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ final double xx = dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(p1);
+ final double dx = Math.abs(x - xx);
+ // Absolute or relative error
+ if (!(dx < 1e-10 || dx / Math.abs(x) < 1e-5)) {
+ out.printf("%s x=%s : icdf(%s) : %s (cdf=%s)%n", title, x, p1, xx,
+ dd.cumulativeProbability(xx));
+ }
+ }
+ // Validate pdf and logpdf
+ for (final double x : points) {
+ final double p1 = dd.density(x);
+ final double p2 = dd.logDensity(x);
+ if (!(Math.abs(Math.exp(p2) - p1) < 1e-10)) {
+ out.printf("%s x=%s : pdf != exp(logpdf) : %s + %s%n", title, x, p1, Math.exp(p2));
+ }
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Verification checks on the discrete distribution.
+ *
+ * @param dist Distributions
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ */
+ static void check(List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> dist,
+ DiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ try (PrintWriter out = createOutput(distributionOptions)) {
+ final int[] points = createPoints(distributionOptions);
+
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ final DiscreteDistribution dd = d.getDistribution();
+ final String title = dd.getClass().getSimpleName() + " " + d.getParameters();
+ // Note: Negation of equality checks will detect NaNs.
+ // Validate bounds
+ final int lower = dd.getSupportLowerBound();
+ final int upper = dd.getSupportUpperBound();
+ if (!(lower == dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(0))) {
+ out.printf("%s lower != icdf(0.0) : %d != %d", title, lower, dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(0));
+ }
+ if (!(upper == dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(1))) {
+ out.printf("%s upper != icdf(1.0) : %d != %d", title, upper, dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(1));
+ }
+ // Validate CDF + Survival == 1
+ for (final int x : points) {
+ final double p1 = dd.cumulativeProbability(x);
+ final double p2 = dd.survivalProbability(x);
+ final double s = p1 + p2;
+ if (!(Math.abs(1.0 - s) < 1e-10)) {
+ out.printf("%s x=%d : cdf + survival != 1.0 : %s + %s%n", title, x, p1, p2);
+ }
+ // Verify x = icdf(cdf(x)). Ignore p-values close to the bounds.
+ if (p1 <= 1e-6 || p1 >= 1.0 - 1e-6) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ final int xx = dd.inverseCumulativeProbability(p1);
+ if (x != xx) {
+ out.printf("%s x=%d : icdf(%s) : %d (cdf=%s)%n", title, x, p1, xx,
+ dd.cumulativeProbability(xx));
+ }
+ }
+ // Validate pmf and logpmf
+ for (final int x : points) {
+ final double p1 = dd.probability(x);
+ final double p2 = dd.logProbability(x);
+ if (!(Math.abs(Math.exp(p2) - p1) < 1e-10)) {
+ out.printf("%s x=%d : pmf != exp(logpmf) : %s + %s%n", title, x, p1, Math.exp(p2));
+ }
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the output.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the print stream
+ */
+ private static PrintWriter createOutput(DistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ if (distributionOptions.outputFile != null) {
+ try {
+ return new PrintWriter(Files.newBufferedWriter(distributionOptions.outputFile.toPath()));
+ } catch (IOException ex) {
+ throw new UncheckedIOException("Failed to create output: " + distributionOptions.outputFile, ex);
+ }
+ }
+ return new PrintWriter(System.out) {
+ @Override
+ public void close() {
+ // Do not close stdout but flush the contents
+ flush();
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the delimiter.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the delimiter
+ */
+ private static String createDelimiter(DistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ final String delim = distributionOptions.delim;
+ // Unescape tabs. Do not support other escaped delimiters.
+ return delim.replace("\\t", "\t");
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the header.
+ *
+ * @param <T> Type of distribution
+ * @param xname Name for the evaluated point
+ * @param dist List of named distributions
+ * @param out Output
+ * @param delim Field delimiter
+ */
+ private static <T> void createHeader(String xname, List<Distribution<T>> dist, final PrintWriter out,
+ final String delim) {
+ // Create header
+ out.print(xname);
+ dist.forEach(d -> {
+ out.print(delim);
+ out.print(d.getParameters());
+ });
+ out.println();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the function.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the function
+ */
+ private static ContinuousFunction createFunction(ContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ ContinuousFunction f;
+ switch (distributionOptions.distributionFunction) {
+ case PDF:
+ f = ContinuousDistribution::density;
+ break;
+ case LPDF:
+ f = ContinuousDistribution::logDensity;
+ break;
+ case CDF:
+ f = ContinuousDistribution::cumulativeProbability;
+ break;
+ case Survival:
+ f = ContinuousDistribution::survivalProbability;
+ break;
+ default:
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException(UNKNOWN_FUNCTION + distributionOptions.distributionFunction);
+ }
+ if (!distributionOptions.suppressException) {
+ return f;
+ }
+ return new ContinuousFunction() {
+ @Override
+ public double apply(ContinuousDistribution dist, double x) {
+ try {
+ return f.apply(dist, x);
+ } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+ // Ignore
+ return Double.NaN;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the function.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the function
+ */
+ private static DiscreteFunction createFunction(DiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ DiscreteFunction f;
+ switch (distributionOptions.distributionFunction) {
+ case PMF:
+ f = DiscreteDistribution::probability;
+ break;
+ case LPMF:
+ f = DiscreteDistribution::logProbability;
+ break;
+ case CDF:
+ f = DiscreteDistribution::cumulativeProbability;
+ break;
+ case Survival:
+ f = DiscreteDistribution::survivalProbability;
+ break;
+ default:
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException(UNKNOWN_FUNCTION + distributionOptions.distributionFunction);
+ }
+ if (!distributionOptions.suppressException) {
+ return f;
+ }
+ return new DiscreteFunction() {
+ @Override
+ public double apply(DiscreteDistribution dist, int x) {
+ try {
+ return f.apply(dist, x);
+ } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+ // Ignore
+ return Double.NaN;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the function.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the function
+ */
+ private static ContinuousFunction createFunction(InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ if (!distributionOptions.suppressException) {
+ return ContinuousDistribution::inverseCumulativeProbability;
+ }
+ return new ContinuousFunction() {
+ @Override
+ public double apply(ContinuousDistribution dist, double x) {
+ try {
+ return dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(x);
+ } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+ // Ignore
+ return Double.NaN;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the function.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the function
+ */
+ private static InverseDiscreteFunction createFunction(InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ if (!distributionOptions.suppressException) {
+ return DiscreteDistribution::inverseCumulativeProbability;
+ }
+ return new InverseDiscreteFunction() {
+ @Override
+ public int apply(DiscreteDistribution dist, double x) {
+ try {
+ return dist.inverseCumulativeProbability(x);
+ } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+ // Ignore
+ return Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the points.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the points
+ */
+ private static double[] createPoints(ContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ if (distributionOptions.x != null) {
+ return distributionOptions.x;
+ }
+ if (distributionOptions.inputFile != null) {
+ return readDoublePoints(distributionOptions.inputFile);
+ }
+ return enumerate(distributionOptions.min, distributionOptions.max,
+ distributionOptions.steps);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the points.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the points
+ */
+ private static int[] createPoints(DiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ if (distributionOptions.x != null) {
+ return distributionOptions.x;
+ }
+ if (distributionOptions.inputFile != null) {
+ return readIntPoints(distributionOptions.inputFile);
+ }
+ return series(distributionOptions.min, distributionOptions.max,
+ distributionOptions.increment);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates the points.
+ *
+ * @param distributionOptions Distribution options
+ * @return the points
+ */
+ private static double[] createPoints(InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions) {
+ if (distributionOptions.x != null) {
+ return distributionOptions.x;
+ }
+ if (distributionOptions.inputFile != null) {
+ return readDoublePoints(distributionOptions.inputFile);
+ }
+ return enumerate(distributionOptions.min, distributionOptions.max,
+ distributionOptions.steps);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Read the {@code double} valued points from the input file.
+ *
+ * @param inputFile the input file
+ * @return the points
+ */
+ private static double[] readDoublePoints(File inputFile) {
+ double[] points = new double[10];
+ int size = 0;
+ try (BufferedReader in = Files.newBufferedReader(inputFile.toPath())) {
+ for (String line = in.readLine(); line != null; line = in.readLine()) {
+ final double x = Double.parseDouble(line);
+ if (points.length == size) {
+ points = Arrays.copyOf(points, size * 2);
+ }
+ points[size++] = x;
+ }
+ } catch (final IOException e) {
+ throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+ } catch (final NumberFormatException e) {
+ throw new RuntimeException("Input file should contain a real number on each line", e);
+ }
+ return Arrays.copyOf(points, size);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Read the {@code int} valued points from the input file.
+ *
+ * @param inputFile the input file
+ * @return the points
+ */
+ private static int[] readIntPoints(File inputFile) {
+ int[] points = new int[10];
+ int size = 0;
+ try (BufferedReader in = Files.newBufferedReader(inputFile.toPath())) {
+ for (String line = in.readLine(); line != null; line = in.readLine()) {
+ final int x = Integer.parseInt(line);
+ if (points.length == size) {
+ points = Arrays.copyOf(points, size * 2);
+ }
+ points[size++] = x;
+ }
+ } catch (final IOException e) {
+ throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+ } catch (final NumberFormatException e) {
+ throw new RuntimeException("Input file should contain an integer on each line", e);
+ }
+ return Arrays.copyOf(points, size);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Enumerate from min to max using the specified number of steps.
+ *
+ * @param min the min
+ * @param max the max
+ * @param steps the steps
+ * @return the enumeration
+ */
+ private static double[] enumerate(double min, double max, int steps) {
+ if (!Double.isFinite(min)) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid minimum: " + min);
+ }
+ if (!Double.isFinite(max)) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid maximum: " + max);
+ }
+ if (min == max) {
+ return new double[] {min};
+ }
+ final double[] x = new double[steps + 1];
+ final double dx = (max - min) / steps;
+ for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
+ x[i] = min + i * dx;
+ }
+ x[steps] = max;
+ return x;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Enumerate from min to max using the specified increment.
+ *
+ * @param min the min
+ * @param max the max
+ * @param increment the increment
+ * @return the series
+ */
+ private static int[] series(int min, int max, int increment) {
+ if (min == max) {
+ return new int[] {min};
+ }
+ final int steps = (int) Math.ceil((double) (max - min) / increment);
+ final int[] x = new int[steps + 1];
+ for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
+ x[i] = min + i * increment;
+ }
+ x[steps] = max;
+ return x;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Validate the parameter array lengths are either 1 or n. Returns the maximum length (n).
+ *
+ * <p>Note: It is assumed lengths of 1 can be expanded to length n using an array fill
+ * operation.
+ *
+ * @param lengths the lengths
+ * @return n
+ * @throws IllegalArgumentException If a length is between 1 and n.
+ */
+ static int validateLengths(int... lengths) {
+ int max = 0;
+ for (final int l : lengths) {
+ max = max < l ? l : max;
+ }
+ // Validate
+ for (final int l : lengths) {
+ if (l != 1 && l != max) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+ "Invalid parameter array length: " + l +
+ ". Lengths must by either 1 or the maximum (" + max + ").");
+ }
+ }
+ return max;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Expand the array to the specified length. The array is filled with the value at
+ * index zero if a new array is created.
+ *
+ * <p>Returns the original array if it is the correct length.
+ *
+ * @param array Array
+ * @param n Length
+ * @return expanded array
+ */
+ static double[] expandToLength(double[] array, int n) {
+ if (array.length != n) {
+ array = Arrays.copyOf(array, n);
+ Arrays.fill(array, array[0]);
+ }
+ return array;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Expand the array to the specified length. The array is filled with the value at
+ * index zero if a new array is created.
+ *
+ * <p>Returns the original array if it is the correct length.
+ *
+ * @param array Array
+ * @param n Length
+ * @return expanded array
+ */
+ static int[] expandToLength(int[] array, int n) {
+ if (array.length != n) {
+ array = Arrays.copyOf(array, n);
+ Arrays.fill(array, array[0]);
+ }
+ return array;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionsApplication.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionsApplication.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5fac71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/DistributionsApplication.java
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import picocli.CommandLine;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+
+/**
+ * Construct instances of probability distributions using the Commons Statistics library.
+ * Output values from the distribution functions: PDF; CDF; Survival Function; and Inverse CDF.
+ */
+public final class DistributionsApplication {
+
+ // Implementation Notes
+ //
+ // This application constructs distribution instances of the Commons Statistics library
+ // and calls the standard distribution functions:
+ //
+ // PDF(x) Probability Density Function (continuous distributions)
+ // PMF(x) Probability Mass Function (discrete distributions)
+ // CDF(x) Cumulative Probability Function
+ // Survival(x) Survival Probability Function
+ // InverseCDF(p) Inverse Cumulative Probability Function
+ //
+ // There is very little logic in the application. All the classes serve to provide
+ // commands for annotation with the PicoCLI library. Each command must have an annotated
+ // instance. Since the functions (pdf, pmf, icdf) require different arguments
+ // (x real, x int, p-value) this implementation
+ // avoids using the function as an option to avoid specifying a generic set of parameters
+ // covering both input x as real or integer and input probability as real in [0, 1].
+ // This creates many classes with the same structure. Maintenance is possible using
+ // carefully constructed regex replacements across the Command classes.
+ //
+ // Note that PicoCLI constructs classes using the no arguments constructor. Thus any
+ // defaults for arguments must be declared inline (for primitives) or set in the no
+ // arguments constructor for objects. Reusing the same options class instantiated with
+ // arguments to the constructor to set default values is ignored when the option is
+ // changed by a command line argument. In this case PicoCLI will create
+ // a new instance with the no arguments constructor and the overridden values are lost.
+ //
+ // Discrete distributions have a PMF. For convenience this has an alias
+ // as pdf so all distributions can be called using the same syntax.
+ // Aliases have been used for the distribution names to shorten commands.
+
+ /** No public constructor. */
+ private DistributionsApplication() {}
+
+ /**
+ * Specification for the top-level command in the examples distributions application.
+ *
+ * <p>This command will print the top-level help message.</p>
+ */
+ @Command(name = "distributions",
+ description = "Apache Commons Statistics Distribution Utilities.",
+ subcommands = {
+ BetaCommand.class,
+ BinomialCommand.class,
+ CauchyCommand.class,
+ ChiSquaredCommand.class,
+ ExpCommand.class,
+ FCommand.class,
+ GammaCommand.class,
+ GeometricCommand.class,
+ GumbelCommand.class,
+ HypergeometricCommand.class,
+ LaplaceCommand.class,
+ LevyCommand.class,
+ LogisticCommand.class,
+ LogNormalCommand.class,
+ NakagamiCommand.class,
+ NormalCommand.class,
+ ParetoCommand.class,
+ PascalCommand.class,
+ PoissonCommand.class,
+ TCommand.class,
+ TriangularCommand.class,
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.class,
+ UniformContinuousCommand.class,
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.class,
+ WeibullCommand.class,
+ ZipfCommand.class,
+ })
+ static class DistributionsCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+ // Nothing to do
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Run the Statistics examples command line application.
+ *
+ * @param args Application's arguments.
+ */
+ public static void main(String[] args) {
+ // The command line is built using annotations
+ final CommandLine cmd = new CommandLine(new DistributionsCommand());
+ System.exit(cmd.execute(args));
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ExpCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ExpCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9ac1e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ExpCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ExponentialDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link ExponentialDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "exp",
+ description = "Exponential distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ ExpCommand.Check.class,
+ ExpCommand.PDF.class,
+ ExpCommand.LPDF.class,
+ ExpCommand.CDF.class,
+ ExpCommand.Survival.class,
+ ExpCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class ExpCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution mean. */
+ @Option(names = {"-m", "--mean", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"mean (scale) (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mean = {2, 1, 2.0 / 3};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (final double m : params.mean) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new ExponentialDistribution(m);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mean=" + m));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Exponential distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Exponential distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Exponential distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Exponential distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Exponential distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Exponential distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/FCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/FCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d32298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/FCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.FDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link FDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "f",
+ description = "F distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ FCommand.Check.class,
+ FCommand.PDF.class,
+ FCommand.LPDF.class,
+ FCommand.CDF.class,
+ FCommand.Survival.class,
+ FCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class FCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution df1. */
+ @Option(names = {"--df1", "--numerator-degrees-of-freedom"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"numerator degrees-of-freedom (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] df1 = {1, 2, 5, 10, 100};
+
+ /** The distribution df2. */
+ @Option(names = {"--df2", "--denominator-degrees-of-freedom"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"denominator degrees-of-freedom (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] df2 = {1, 1, 2, 1, 100};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] df1 = params.df1;
+ double[] df2 = params.df2;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(df1.length, df2.length);
+
+ df1 = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(df1, n);
+ df2 = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(df2, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new FDistribution(df1[i], df2[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "df1=" + df1[i] + ",df2=" + df2[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "F distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "F distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "F distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "F distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "F distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "F distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GammaCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GammaCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfb4418
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GammaCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.GammaDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link GammaDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "gamma",
+ aliases = {"gam"},
+ description = "Gamma distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ GammaCommand.Check.class,
+ GammaCommand.PDF.class,
+ GammaCommand.LPDF.class,
+ GammaCommand.CDF.class,
+ GammaCommand.Survival.class,
+ GammaCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class GammaCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution shape. */
+ @Option(names = {"-k", "--shape"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"shape (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] shape = {1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 7.5, 0.5};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"-t", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] scale = {2, 2, 2, 1, 0.5, 1, 1};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 20;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] shape = params.shape;
+ double[] scale = params.scale;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(shape.length, scale.length);
+
+ shape = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(shape, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new GammaDistribution(shape[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "shape=" + shape[i] + ",scale=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Gamma distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Gamma distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Gamma distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Gamma distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Gamma distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Gamma distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GeometricCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GeometricCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85a721d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GeometricCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.GeometricDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link GeometricDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "geometric",
+ aliases = {"geo"},
+ description = "Geometric distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ GeometricCommand.Check.class,
+ GeometricCommand.PMF.class,
+ GeometricCommand.LPMF.class,
+ GeometricCommand.CDF.class,
+ GeometricCommand.Survival.class,
+ GeometricCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class GeometricCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution probability of success. */
+ @Option(names = {"-p", "--probability"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"probability of success (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] p = {0.2, 0.5, 0.8};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 10;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (final double prob : params.p) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new GeometricDistribution(prob);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "p=" + prob));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Geometric distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Geometric distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Geometric distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Geometric distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Geometric distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Geometric distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GumbelCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GumbelCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f073a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/GumbelCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.GumbelDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link GumbelDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "gumbel",
+ description = "Gumbel distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ GumbelCommand.Check.class,
+ GumbelCommand.PDF.class,
+ GumbelCommand.LPDF.class,
+ GumbelCommand.CDF.class,
+ GumbelCommand.Survival.class,
+ GumbelCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class GumbelCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution location. */
+ @Option(names = {"--mu", "--location"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"location (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {0.5, 1, 1.5, 3};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"--beta", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] beta = {2, 2, 3, 4};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 20;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] location = params.mu;
+ double[] scale = params.beta;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(location.length, scale.length);
+
+ location = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(location, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new GumbelDistribution(location[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + location[i] + ",beta=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Gumbel distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Gumbel distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Gumbel distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Gumbel distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Gumbel distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Gumbel distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/HypergeometricCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/HypergeometricCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13062bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/HypergeometricCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.HypergeometricDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link HypergeometricDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "hypergeometric",
+ aliases = {"hyge"},
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ HypergeometricCommand.Check.class,
+ HypergeometricCommand.PMF.class,
+ HypergeometricCommand.LPMF.class,
+ HypergeometricCommand.CDF.class,
+ HypergeometricCommand.Survival.class,
+ HypergeometricCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class HypergeometricCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution N. */
+ @Option(names = {"-N", "--population-size"},
+ paramLabel = "N",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"population size (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] popSize = {500};
+
+ /** The distribution successes. */
+ @Option(names = {"-K", "--number-of-successes"},
+ paramLabel = "K",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"number of successes (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] successes = {50, 60, 70};
+
+ /** The distribution n. */
+ @Option(names = {"-n", "--sample-size"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"sample size (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] n = {100, 200, 300};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 60;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ int[] popSize = params.popSize;
+ int[] successes = params.successes;
+ int[] n = params.n;
+ final int max = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(popSize.length, successes.length);
+
+ popSize = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(popSize, max);
+ successes = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(successes, max);
+ n = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(n, max);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new HypergeometricDistribution(popSize[i], successes[i], n[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "N=" + popSize[i] + ",K=" + successes[i] + ",n=" + n[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Hypergeometric distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseContinuousDistributionOptions.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseContinuousDistributionOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62b93ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseContinuousDistributionOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Options for inverse probability functions of continuous distributions.
+ * Applies to functions x=real in [0, 1] and f(x)=real.
+ */
+class InverseContinuousDistributionOptions extends InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** The format for the output values. */
+ @Option(names = { "--format" },
+ description = {"Format for the output values (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected String format = "%s";
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c07ef1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Options for inverse probability functions of discrete distributions.
+ * Applies to functions x=real in [0, 1] and f(x)=integer.
+ */
+class InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions extends DistributionOptions {
+ /** The minimum probability to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "--min" },
+ description = {"Minimum probability to evaluate (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected double min;
+
+ /** The maximum probability to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "--max" },
+ description = {"Maximum probability to evaluate (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected double max = 1;
+
+ /** The number of steps from minimum to the maximum. */
+ @Option(names = { "--steps" },
+ description = {"Number of steps from the minimum to the maximum (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected int steps = 100;
+
+ /** The single point to evaluate. */
+ @Option(names = { "-x", "--point" },
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"Point to evaluate (overrides input range)."})
+ protected double[] x;
+
+ /** The format for the evaluated probability. */
+ @Option(names = { "--pformat" },
+ description = {"Format for the evaluated probability (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ protected String pformat = "%.6g";
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LaplaceCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LaplaceCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96b0f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LaplaceCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.LaplaceDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link LaplaceDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "laplace",
+ description = "Laplace distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ LaplaceCommand.Check.class,
+ LaplaceCommand.PDF.class,
+ LaplaceCommand.LPDF.class,
+ LaplaceCommand.CDF.class,
+ LaplaceCommand.Survival.class,
+ LaplaceCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class LaplaceCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution location. */
+ @Option(names = {"--mu", "--location"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"location (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {0, 0, 0, -5};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"--beta", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] beta = {1, 2, 4, 4};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -10;
+ max = 10;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] location = params.mu;
+ double[] scale = params.beta;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(location.length, scale.length);
+
+ location = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(location, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new LaplaceDistribution(location[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + location[i] + ",beta=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Laplace distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Laplace distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Laplace distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Laplace distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Laplace distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Laplace distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LevyCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LevyCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4b64e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LevyCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.LevyDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link LevyDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "levy",
+ description = "Levy distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ LevyCommand.Check.class,
+ LevyCommand.PDF.class,
+ LevyCommand.LPDF.class,
+ LevyCommand.CDF.class,
+ LevyCommand.Survival.class,
+ LevyCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class LevyCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution location. */
+ @Option(names = {"--mu", "--location"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"location (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {0};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"-c", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] c = {0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 3;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] location = params.mu;
+ double[] scale = params.c;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(location.length, scale.length);
+
+ location = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(location, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new LevyDistribution(location[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + location[i] + ",c=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Levy distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Levy distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Levy distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Levy distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Levy distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Levy distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogNormalCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogNormalCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35626bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogNormalCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.LogNormalDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link LogNormalDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "lognormal",
+ aliases = {"lnorm", "logn"},
+ description = "Log-normal distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ LogNormalCommand.Check.class,
+ LogNormalCommand.PDF.class,
+ LogNormalCommand.LPDF.class,
+ LogNormalCommand.CDF.class,
+ LogNormalCommand.Survival.class,
+ LogNormalCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class LogNormalCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution mean. */
+ @Option(names = {"-m", "--mu", "--mean"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"mean of variable's natural logarithm (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {0};
+
+ /** The distribution sigma. */
+ @Option(names = {"-s", "--sigma"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"standard deviation of variable's natural logarithm (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] sigma = {0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 10};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 3;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] mean = params.mu;
+ double[] sigma = params.sigma;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(mean.length, sigma.length);
+
+ mean = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(mean, n);
+ sigma = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(sigma, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new LogNormalDistribution(mean[i], sigma[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + mean[i] + ",sigma=" + sigma[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Log-normal distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Log-normal distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Log-normal distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Log-normal distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Log-normal distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Log-normal distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogisticCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogisticCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f53dfc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/LogisticCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.LogisticDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link LogisticDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "logistic",
+ description = "Logistic distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ LogisticCommand.Check.class,
+ LogisticCommand.PDF.class,
+ LogisticCommand.LPDF.class,
+ LogisticCommand.CDF.class,
+ LogisticCommand.Survival.class,
+ LogisticCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class LogisticCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution location. */
+ @Option(names = {"--mu", "--location"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"location (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {5, 9, 9, 6, 2};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"-s", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] s = {2, 3, 4, 2, 1};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 20;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] location = params.mu;
+ double[] scale = params.s;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(location.length, scale.length);
+
+ location = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(location, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new LogisticDistribution(location[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + location[i] + ",s=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Logistic distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Logistic distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Logistic distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Logistic distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Logistic distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Logistic distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ManifestVersionProvider.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ManifestVersionProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fb3391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ManifestVersionProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.jar.Attributes;
+import java.util.jar.Manifest;
+import picocli.CommandLine.IVersionProvider;
+
+/**
+ * {@link IVersionProvider} implementation that returns version information from
+ * the package jar file's {@code /META-INF/MANIFEST.MF} file.
+ *
+ * @see <a
+ * href="https://github.com/remkop/picocli/blob/master/picocli-examples/src/main/java/picocli/examples/VersionProviderDemo2.java">PicoCLI
+ * version provider demo</a>
+ */
+class ManifestVersionProvider implements IVersionProvider {
+ /** The manifest key for the implementation title. */
+ private static final String KEY = "Implementation-Title";
+
+ /** {@inheritDoc} */
+ @Override
+ public String[] getVersion() throws Exception {
+ final Enumeration<URL> resources = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()
+ .getResources("META-INF/MANIFEST.MF");
+ while (resources.hasMoreElements()) {
+ final URL url = resources.nextElement();
+ try (InputStream stream = url.openStream()) {
+ final Manifest manifest = new Manifest(stream);
+ if (isApplicableManifest(manifest)) {
+ final Attributes attr = manifest.getMainAttributes();
+ return new String[] {get(attr, KEY) + " version \"" +
+ get(attr, "Implementation-Version") + "\""};
+ }
+ } catch (final IOException ex) {
+ return new String[] {"Unable to read from " + url + ". " + ex};
+ }
+ }
+ return new String[0];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if this is the applicable manifest for the package.
+ *
+ * @param manifest The manifest.
+ * @return true if is the applicable manifest
+ */
+ private static boolean isApplicableManifest(Manifest manifest) {
+ final Attributes attributes = manifest.getMainAttributes();
+ return "Apache Commons Statistics Distribution Utilities".equals(get(attributes, KEY));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the named object from the attributes using the key.
+ *
+ * @param attributes The attributes.
+ * @param key The key.
+ * @return the object
+ */
+ private static Object get(Attributes attributes, String key) {
+ return attributes.get(new Attributes.Name(key));
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NakagamiCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NakagamiCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d6f024
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NakagamiCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.NakagamiDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link NakagamiDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "nakagami",
+ description = "Nakagami distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ NakagamiCommand.Check.class,
+ NakagamiCommand.PDF.class,
+ NakagamiCommand.LPDF.class,
+ NakagamiCommand.CDF.class,
+ NakagamiCommand.Survival.class,
+ NakagamiCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class NakagamiCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution shape. */
+ @Option(names = {"--mu", "--shape"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"shape (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {0.5, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 5};
+
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"--omega", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] omega = {1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 3;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] shape = params.mu;
+ double[] scale = params.omega;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(shape.length, scale.length);
+
+ shape = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(shape, n);
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new NakagamiDistribution(shape[i], scale[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + shape[i] + ",omega=" + scale[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Nakagami distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Nakagami distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Nakagami distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Nakagami distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Nakagami distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Nakagami distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NormalCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NormalCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fadf8ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/NormalCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.NormalDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link NormalDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "normal",
+ aliases = {"norm"},
+ description = "Normal distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ NormalCommand.Check.class,
+ NormalCommand.PDF.class,
+ NormalCommand.LPDF.class,
+ NormalCommand.CDF.class,
+ NormalCommand.Survival.class,
+ NormalCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class NormalCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution mean. */
+ @Option(names = {"-m", "--mu", "--mean"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"mean (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {0, 0, 0, -2};
+
+ /** The distribution sigma. */
+ @Option(names = {"-s", "--sigma"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"standard deviation (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ // Define using variance
+ private double[] sigma = {Math.sqrt(0.2), 1, Math.sqrt(5), Math.sqrt(0.5)};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] mean = params.mu;
+ double[] sigma = params.sigma;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(mean.length, sigma.length);
+
+ mean = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(mean, n);
+ sigma = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(sigma, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new NormalDistribution(mean[i], sigma[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + mean[i] + ",sigma=" + sigma[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Normal distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Normal distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Normal distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Normal distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Normal distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Normal distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ParetoCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ParetoCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efa018e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ParetoCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ParetoDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link ParetoDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "pareto",
+ description = "Pareto distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ ParetoCommand.Check.class,
+ ParetoCommand.PDF.class,
+ ParetoCommand.LPDF.class,
+ ParetoCommand.CDF.class,
+ ParetoCommand.Survival.class,
+ ParetoCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class ParetoCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution scale. */
+ @Option(names = {"--xm", "--scale"},
+ paramLabel = "xm",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] scale = {1};
+
+ /** The distribution shape. */
+ @Option(names = {"--alpha", "--shape"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"shape (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] shape = {3, 2, 1};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] scale = params.scale;
+ double[] shape = params.shape;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(shape.length, scale.length);
+
+ scale = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(scale, n);
+ shape = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(shape, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new ParetoDistribution(scale[i], shape[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "xm=" + scale[i] + ",alpha=" + shape[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Pareto distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Pareto distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Pareto distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Pareto distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Pareto distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Pareto distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PascalCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PascalCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94e97be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PascalCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.PascalDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link PascalDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "pascal",
+ aliases = {"negativebinomial", "nbin"},
+ description = "Pascal distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ PascalCommand.Check.class,
+ PascalCommand.PMF.class,
+ PascalCommand.LPMF.class,
+ PascalCommand.CDF.class,
+ PascalCommand.Survival.class,
+ PascalCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class PascalCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution trials. */
+ @Option(names = {"-r", "--number-of-successes"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"number of successes (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] r = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 40};
+
+ /** The distribution p. */
+ @Option(names = {"-p", "--probability"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"probability of success (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ // mean = (r * (1 - p)) / p = (r / p) - r
+ // p = r / (mean + r)
+ // Compute for a mean=10
+ private double[] p = {1.0 / 11, 2.0 / 12, 3.0 / 13, 4.0 / 14, 5.0 / 15, 10.0 / 20, 20.0 / 30, 40.0 / 50};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 25;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ int[] r = params.r;
+ double[] p = params.p;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(r.length, p.length);
+
+ r = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(r, n);
+ p = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(p, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new PascalDistribution(r[i], p[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "r=" + r[i] + ",p=" + p[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Pascal distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Pascal distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Pascal distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Pascal distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Pascal distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Pascal distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PoissonCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PoissonCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8d4b06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/PoissonCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.PoissonDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link PoissonDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "poisson",
+ aliases = {"poiss"},
+ description = "Poisson distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ PoissonCommand.Check.class,
+ PoissonCommand.PMF.class,
+ PoissonCommand.LPMF.class,
+ PoissonCommand.CDF.class,
+ PoissonCommand.Survival.class,
+ PoissonCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class PoissonCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution mean. */
+ @Option(names = {"-m", "--mean"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"mean (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mean = {1, 4, 10};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 20;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (final double m : params.mean) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new PoissonDistribution(m);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mean=" + m));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Poisson distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Poisson distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Poisson distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Poisson distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Poisson distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Poisson distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/StandardOptions.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/StandardOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fabb2a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/StandardOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+
+/**
+ * Standard options for all commands. This sets the formatting for usage messages and
+ * adds common parameters (help, version, verbosity).
+ */
+@Command(sortOptions = false,
+ mixinStandardHelpOptions = true,
+ versionProvider = ManifestVersionProvider.class,
+ synopsisHeading = "%n",
+ descriptionHeading = "%n",
+ parameterListHeading = "%nParameters:%n",
+ optionListHeading = "%nOptions:%n",
+ commandListHeading = "%nCommands:%n")
+class StandardOptions {
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72ba55a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.TDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link TDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "t",
+ description = "T distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ TCommand.Check.class,
+ TCommand.PDF.class,
+ TCommand.LPDF.class,
+ TCommand.CDF.class,
+ TCommand.Survival.class,
+ TCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class TCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution degrees of freedom. */
+ @Option(names = {"-v", "--df", "--degrees-of-freedom"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"degrees of freedom (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] df = {1, 2, 5, 1e10};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (final double degreesOfFreedom : params.df) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new TDistribution(degreesOfFreedom);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "df=" + degreesOfFreedom));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "T distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "T distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "T distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "T distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "T distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "T distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TriangularCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TriangularCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cbf8e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TriangularCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.TriangularDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link TriangularDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "triangular",
+ aliases = {"tri"},
+ description = "Triangular distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ TriangularCommand.Check.class,
+ TriangularCommand.PDF.class,
+ TriangularCommand.LPDF.class,
+ TriangularCommand.CDF.class,
+ TriangularCommand.Survival.class,
+ TriangularCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class TriangularCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution lower limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-a", "--lower"},
+ paramLabel = "a",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"lower bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] lower = {-4, -1};
+
+ /** The distribution mode. */
+ @Option(names = {"-b", "--mode"},
+ paramLabel = "b",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"mode (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mode = {2.5, 2};
+
+ /** The distribution upper limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-c", "--upper"},
+ paramLabel = "c",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"upper bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] upper = {4, 5};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] lower = params.lower;
+ double[] mode = params.mode;
+ double[] upper = params.upper;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(lower.length, mode.length, upper.length);
+
+ lower = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(lower, n);
+ mode = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(mode, n);
+ upper = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(upper, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new TriangularDistribution(lower[i], mode[i], upper[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "a=" + lower[i] + ",b=" + upper[i] + ",c=" + upper[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Triangular distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Triangular PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Triangular distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Triangular CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Triangular survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Triangular inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TruncatedNormalCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TruncatedNormalCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..419f4a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/TruncatedNormalCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.TruncatedNormalDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link TruncatedNormalDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "truncatednormal",
+ aliases = {"tnorm"},
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.Check.class,
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.PDF.class,
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.LPDF.class,
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.CDF.class,
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.Survival.class,
+ TruncatedNormalCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class TruncatedNormalCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** The default minimum for x. */
+ static final double MIN = -10;
+ /** The default maximum for x. */
+ static final double MAX = 10;
+
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution mean. */
+ @Option(names = {"-m", "--mu", "--mean"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"mean (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] mu = {-8, 0, 9, 0};
+
+ /** The distribution sigma. */
+ @Option(names = {"-s", "--sigma"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"standard deviation (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] sigma = {2, 2, 10, 10};
+
+ /** The distribution lower limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-l", "--lower"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"lower bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] lower = {MIN};
+
+ /** The distribution upper limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-u", "--upper"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"upper bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] upper = {MAX};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = MIN;
+ max = MAX;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] mean = params.mu;
+ double[] sigma = params.sigma;
+ double[] lower = params.lower;
+ double[] upper = params.upper;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(mean.length, sigma.length, lower.length, upper.length);
+
+ mean = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(mean, n);
+ sigma = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(sigma, n);
+ lower = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(lower, n);
+ upper = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(upper, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new TruncatedNormalDistribution(mean[i], sigma[i], lower[i], upper[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "mu=" + mean[i] + ",sigma=" + sigma[i] +
+ ",lower=" + lower[i] + ",upper=" + upper[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Truncated normal distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformContinuousCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformContinuousCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8bea8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformContinuousCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.UniformContinuousDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link UniformContinuousDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "unif",
+ aliases = {"uniform", "rectangular"},
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ UniformContinuousCommand.Check.class,
+ UniformContinuousCommand.PDF.class,
+ UniformContinuousCommand.LPDF.class,
+ UniformContinuousCommand.CDF.class,
+ UniformContinuousCommand.Survival.class,
+ UniformContinuousCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class UniformContinuousCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution lower limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-a", "--lower"},
+ paramLabel = "a",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"lower bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] lower = {0, 0, -3};
+
+ /** The distribution upper limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-b", "--upper"},
+ paramLabel = "b",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"upper bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] upper = {3, 5, 2};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] lower = params.lower;
+ double[] upper = params.upper;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(lower.length, upper.length);
+
+ lower = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(lower, n);
+ upper = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(upper, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new UniformContinuousDistribution(lower[i], upper[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "a=" + lower[i] + ",b=" + upper[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Continuous uniform distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformDiscreteCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformDiscreteCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21d99fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/UniformDiscreteCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.UniformDiscreteDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link UniformDiscreteDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "unid",
+ description = "Discrete uniform distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.Check.class,
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.PMF.class,
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.LPMF.class,
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.CDF.class,
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.Survival.class,
+ UniformDiscreteCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class UniformDiscreteCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution lower limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-a", "--lower"},
+ paramLabel = "a",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"lower bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] lower = {0, -3};
+
+ /** The distribution upper limit. */
+ @Option(names = {"-b", "--upper"},
+ paramLabel = "b",
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"upper bound (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] upper = {5, 4};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = -5;
+ max = 5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ int[] lower = params.lower;
+ int[] upper = params.upper;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(lower.length, upper.length);
+
+ lower = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(lower, n);
+ upper = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(upper, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new UniformDiscreteDistribution(lower[i], upper[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "a=" + lower[i] + ",b=" + upper[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Discrete uniform distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Discrete uniform distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Discrete distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Discrete uniform distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Discrete uniform distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Discrete uniform distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/WeibullCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/WeibullCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d640b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/WeibullCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.WeibullDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link WeibullDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "weibull",
+ aliases = {"wbl"},
+ description = "Weibull distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ WeibullCommand.Check.class,
+ WeibullCommand.PDF.class,
+ WeibullCommand.LPDF.class,
+ WeibullCommand.CDF.class,
+ WeibullCommand.Survival.class,
+ WeibullCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class WeibullCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractContinuousDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution alpha (shape). */
+ @Option(names = {"-k", "--alpha", "--shape"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"alpha shape (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] alpha = {0.5, 1, 1.5, 5};
+
+ /** The distribution beta (scale). */
+ @Option(names = {"-l", "--beta", "--scale"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"beta scale (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] beta = {1};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends ContinuousDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 0;
+ max = 2.5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ double[] alpha = params.alpha;
+ double[] beta = params.beta;
+ final int n = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(alpha.length, beta.length);
+
+ alpha = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(alpha, n);
+ beta = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(beta, n);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<ContinuousDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ final ContinuousDistribution d = new WeibullDistribution(alpha[i], beta[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "alpha=" + alpha[i] + ",beta=" + beta[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Weibull distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pdf",
+ description = "Weibull distribution PDF.")
+ static class PDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpdf",
+ description = "Weibull distribution natural logarithm of the PDF.")
+ static class LPDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Weibull distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Weibull distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Weibull distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseContinuousDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseContinuousDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ZipfCommand.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ZipfCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11777e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/ZipfCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ZipfDistribution;
+import org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.DiscreteDistribution;
+import picocli.CommandLine.ArgGroup;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Command;
+import picocli.CommandLine.Option;
+
+/**
+ * Command for the {@link ZipfDistribution}.
+ */
+@Command(name = "zipf",
+ description = "Zipf distribution.",
+ subcommands = {
+ ZipfCommand.Check.class,
+ ZipfCommand.PMF.class,
+ ZipfCommand.LPMF.class,
+ ZipfCommand.CDF.class,
+ ZipfCommand.Survival.class,
+ ZipfCommand.ICDF.class,
+ })
+class ZipfCommand extends AbstractDistributionCommand {
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class BaseCommand extends AbstractDiscreteDistributionCommand {
+ /** Distribution parameters. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Distribution parameters:%n", order = 1)
+ private Params params = new Params();
+
+ /** Parameters class. */
+ static class Params {
+ /** The distribution number of elements. */
+ @Option(names = {"-n", "--number-of-elements"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"number of elements (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private int[] n = {10};
+
+ /** The distribution exponent. */
+ @Option(names = {"-e", "--exponent"},
+ arity = "1..*",
+ split = ",",
+ description = {"exponent (default: ${DEFAULT-VALUE})."})
+ private double[] e = {1, 2, 3, 4};
+ }
+
+ /** Extend the options to set the default values for this distribution. */
+ static final class Options extends DiscreteDistributionOptions {
+ /** Set defaults. */
+ private Options() {
+ min = 1;
+ max = 10;
+ }
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ protected List<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> getDistributions() {
+ int[] n = params.n;
+ double[] e = params.e;
+ final int max = DistributionUtils.validateLengths(n.length, e.length);
+
+ n = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(n, max);
+ e = DistributionUtils.expandToLength(e, max);
+
+ // Create distributions
+ final ArrayList<Distribution<DiscreteDistribution>> list = new ArrayList<>();
+ for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
+ final DiscreteDistribution d = new ZipfDistribution(n[i], e[i]);
+ list.add(new Distribution<>(d, "n=" + n[i] + ",p=" + e[i]));
+ }
+ return list;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Base command for the distribution that defines the parameters. */
+ private abstract static class ProbabilityCommand extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private Options distributionOptions = new Options();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /** Verification checks command. */
+ @Command(name = "check",
+ hidden = true,
+ description = "Zipf distribution verification checks.")
+ static class Check extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** PMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "pmf",
+ aliases = {"pdf"},
+ description = "Zipf distribution PMF.")
+ static class PMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** LPMF command. */
+ @Command(name = "lpmf",
+ aliases = {"lpdf"},
+ description = "Zipf distribution natural logarithm of the PMF.")
+ static class LPMF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** CDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "cdf",
+ description = "Zipf distribution CDF.")
+ static class CDF extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** Survival command. */
+ @Command(name = "survival", aliases = {"sur"},
+ description = "Zipf distribution survival probability.")
+ static class Survival extends ProbabilityCommand {}
+
+ /** ICDF command. */
+ @Command(name = "icdf",
+ description = "Zipf distribution inverse CDF.")
+ static class ICDF extends BaseCommand {
+ /** The distribution options. */
+ @ArgGroup(validate = false, heading = "Evaluation options:%n", order = 2)
+ private InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions distributionOptions = new InverseDiscreteDistributionOptions();
+
+ @Override
+ protected DistributionOptions getDistributionOptions() {
+ return distributionOptions;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/package-info.java b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/package-info.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48a45e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/examples-distribution/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/statistics/examples/distribution/package-info.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * <h3>Distributions test application</h3>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This package contains an application for computing functions of probability distributions.
+ * The following functions can be evaluated: PDF, CDF, Survival function, and Inverse CDF.
+ * </p>
+ */
+
+package org.apache.commons.statistics.examples.distribution;
diff --git a/commons-statistics-examples/pom.xml b/commons-statistics-examples/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07941d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-statistics-examples/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+ <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+ <parent>
+ <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+ <artifactId>commons-statistics-parent</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ </parent>
+
+ <artifactId>commons-statistics-examples</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ <packaging>pom</packaging>
+ <name>Apache Commons Statistics Examples</name>
+
+ <description>Examples of use of the "Commons Statistics" library.
+ Codes in this module and its sub-modules are not part of the library.
+ They provide checking, benchmarking tools to enhance the documentation
+ and to help ensure correctness of the implementations.</description>
+
+ <properties>
+ <!-- OSGi -->
+ <commons.osgi.symbolicName>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples</commons.osgi.symbolicName>
+ <commons.osgi.export>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples</commons.osgi.export>
+ <!-- Java 9+ -->
+ <commons.automatic.module.name>org.apache.commons.statistics.examples</commons.automatic.module.name>
+ <!-- Workaround to avoid duplicating config files. -->
+ <statistics.parent.dir>${basedir}/..</statistics.parent.dir>
+
+ <statistics.picocli.version>4.6.1</statistics.picocli.version>
+ <statistics.exec.version>3.0.0</statistics.exec.version>
+ <statistics.shade.version>3.2.4</statistics.shade.version>
+
+ <!-- Disable JApiCmp failures (but keep the report). The examples API is allowed to change. -->
+ <commons.japicmp.breakBuildOnBinaryIncompatibleModifications>false</commons.japicmp.breakBuildOnBinaryIncompatibleModifications>
+ <commons.japicmp.breakBuildOnSourceIncompatibleModifications>false</commons.japicmp.breakBuildOnSourceIncompatibleModifications>
+ <statistics.jira.component>examples</statistics.jira.component>
+ </properties>
+
+ <dependencyManagement>
+ <dependencies>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+ <artifactId>commons-statistics-distribution</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ </dependency>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>info.picocli</groupId>
+ <artifactId>picocli</artifactId>
+ <version>${statistics.picocli.version}</version>
+ </dependency>
+ </dependencies>
+ </dependencyManagement>
+
+ <build>
+ <pluginManagement>
+ <plugins>
+ <plugin>
+ <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+ <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+ <version>${statistics.exec.version}</version>
+ </plugin>
+ </plugins>
+ </pluginManagement>
+ <plugins>
+ <plugin>
+ <artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
+ <version>${statistics.pmd.version}</version>
+ <configuration>
+ <failOnViolation>false</failOnViolation>
+ </configuration>
+ </plugin>
+ </plugins>
+ </build>
+
+ <modules>
+ <module>examples-distribution</module>
+ </modules>
+</project>
diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 0ce9244..93fec16 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -728,6 +728,18 @@ This is avoided by creating an empty directory when svn is not available.
</build>
</profile>
+ <!--
+ Profiles for modules with special requirements.
+ -->
+ <profile>
+ <id>examples</id>
+ <modules>
+ <module>commons-statistics-distribution</module>
+ <module>commons-statistics-regression</module>
+ <module>commons-statistics-examples</module>
+ </modules>
+ </profile>
+
</profiles>
<modules>
diff --git a/stats.tgz b/stats.tgz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e22978b
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