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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 Configuration Reference (8.0.0-dev) - The Manager Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executo
r</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/M
embership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Manager Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Persistence_Across_Restarts">Persistence Across Restarts</a></li><li><a href="#Disable_Session_Persistence">Disable Session Persistence</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>The <strong>Manager</strong> element represents the <em>session
+ manager</em> that will be used to create and maintain HTTP sessions
+ as requested by the associated web application.</p>
+
+ <p>A Manager element MAY be nested inside a
+ <a href="context.html">Context</a> component. If it is not included,
+ a default Manager configuration will be created automatically, which
+ is sufficient for most requirements, — see
+ <em>Standard Manager Implementation</em> below for the details
+ of this configuration.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>All implementations of <strong>Manager</strong>
+ support the following attributes:</p>
+
+ <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Java class name of the implementation to use. This class must
+ implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Manager</code> interface.
+ If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">distributable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Set to <code>true</code> to ask the session manager to enforce
+ the restrictions described in the Servlet Specification on
+ distributable applications (primarily, this would mean that all
+ session attributes must implement <code>java.io.Serializable</code>).
+ Set to <code>false</code> (the default) to not enforce these
+ restrictions.</p>
+
+ <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - The value for this property is inherited
+ automatically based on the presence or absence of the
+ <code><distributable></code> element in the web application
+ deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxActiveSessions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The maximum number of active sessions that will be created by
+ this Manager, or <code>-1</code> (the default) for no limit.</p>
+
+ <p>When the limit is reached, any attempt to create a new session
+ (e.g. with <code>HttpServletRequest.getSession()</code> call)
+ will fail with an <code>IllegalStateException</code>.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxInactiveInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The initial maximum time interval, in seconds,
+ between client requests before a session is invalidated. A negative value
+ will result in sessions never timing out. If the attribute is not provided,
+ a default of 1800 seconds (30 minutes) is used.</p>
+
+ <p>This attribute provides the initial value whenever a
+ new session is created, but the interval may be dynamically
+ varied by a servlet via the
+ <code>setMaxInactiveInterval</code> method of the <code>HttpSession</code> object.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionIdLength</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The length of session ids created by this Manager, measured in bytes,
+ excluding subsequent conversion to a hexadecimal string and
+ excluding any JVM route information used for load balancing.
+ The default is 16.</p>
+ </td></tr></table>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>Tomcat provides two standard implementations of <strong>Manager</strong>
+ for use — the default one stores active sessions, while the optional one
+ stores active sessions that have been swapped out (in addition to saving
+ sessions across a restart of Tomcat) in a storage location that is selected
+ via the use of an appropriate <strong>Store</strong> nested element.</p>
+
+ <h3>Standard Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+ <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Manager</strong> is
+ <strong>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</strong>.
+ It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+ common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+ <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pathname</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Absolute or relative (to the work directory for this Context)
+ pathname of the file in which session state will be preserved
+ across application restarts, if possible. The default is
+ "SESSIONS.ser".<br>See
+ <a href="#Persistence_Across_Restarts">Persistence Across Restarts</a>
+ for more information. This persistence may be
+ disabled by setting this attribute to an empty string.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processExpiresFrequency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Frequency of the session expiration, and related manager operations.
+ Manager operations will be done once for the specified amount of
+ backgroundProcess calls (i.e., the lower the amount, the more often the
+ checks will occur). The minimum value is 1, and the default value is 6.
+ </p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+ <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate session IDs.
+ If not specified, the default value is
+ <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+ <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+ IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the Manager
+ will use the platform default provider and the default algorithm. If not
+ specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+ <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+ IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the Manager
+ will use the platform default provider and the default algorithm. If not
+ specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+ default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+ To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+ secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+ string.</p>
+ </td></tr></table>
+
+ <h3>Persistent Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+ <p><strong>NOTE:</strong> You must set either the
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSession.ACTIVITY_CHECK</code> or
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+ <a href="systemprops.html">system properties</a> to <code>true</code> for
+ the persistent manager to work correctly.</p>
+
+ <p>The persistent implementation of <strong>Manager</strong> is
+ <strong>org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager</strong>. In
+ addition to the usual operations of creating and deleting sessions, a
+ <code>PersistentManager</code> has the capability to swap active (but
+ idle) sessions out to a persistent storage mechanism, as well as to save
+ all sessions across a normal restart of Tomcat. The actual persistent
+ storage mechanism used is selected by your choice of a
+ <strong>Store</strong> element nested inside the <strong>Manager</strong>
+ element - this is required for use of <code>PersistentManager</code>.</p>
+
+ <p>This implementation of Manager supports the following attributes in
+ addition to the <a href="#Common Attributes">Common Attributes</a>
+ described earlier.</p>
+
+ <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>It has the same meaning as described in the
+ <a href="#Common Attributes">Common Attributes</a> above.
+ You <strong>must</strong> specify
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager</code> to use
+ this manager implementation.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxIdleBackup</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The time interval (in seconds) since the last access to a session
+ before it is eligible for being persisted to the session store, or
+ <code>-1</code> to disable this feature. By default, this feature is
+ disabled.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxIdleSwap</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The time interval (in seconds) since the last access to a session
+ before it should be persisted to the session store, and
+ passivated out of the server's memory, or <code>-1</code> to disable
+ this feature. If this feature is enabled, the time interval specified
+ here should be equal to or longer than the value specified for
+ <code>maxIdleBackup</code>. By default, this feature is disabled.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minIdleSwap</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The time interval (in seconds) since the last access to a session
+ before it will be eligible to be persisted to the session store, and
+ passivated out of the server's memory, or <code>-1</code> for this
+ swapping to be available at any time. If specified, this value should
+ be less than that specified by <code>maxIdleSwap</code>. By default,
+ this value is set to <code>-1</code>.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processExpiresFrequency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>It is the same as described above for the
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+ </p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">saveOnRestart</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Should all sessions be persisted and reloaded when Tomcat is shut
+ down and restarted (or when this application is reloaded)? By default,
+ this attribute is set to <code>true</code>.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>It is the same as described above for the
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+ </p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>It is the same as described above for the
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+ </p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>It is the same as described above for the
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+ </p>
+ </td></tr></table>
+
+ <p>In order to successfully use a PersistentManager, you must nest inside
+ it a <strong><Store></strong> element, as described below.</p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <h3>Standard Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+ <p>If you are using the <em>Standard Manager Implementation</em>
+ as described above, no elements may be nested inside your
+ <strong><Manager></strong> element.</p>
+
+ <h3>Persistent Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+ <p>If you are using the <em>Persistent Manager Implementation</em>
+ as described above, you <strong>MUST</strong> nest a
+ <strong><Store></strong> element inside, which defines the
+ characteristics of the persistent data storage. Two implementations
+ of the <code><Store></code> element are currently available,
+ with different characteristics, as described below.</p>
+
+ <h5>File Based Store</h5>
+
+ <p>The <em>File Based Store</em> implementation saves swapped out
+ sessions in individual files (named based on the session identifier)
+ in a configurable directory. Therefore, you are likely to encounter
+ scalability problems as the number of active sessions increases, and
+ this should primarily be considered a means to easily experiment.</p>
+
+ <p>To configure this, add a <code><Store></code> nested inside
+ your <code><Manager></code> element with the following attributes:
+ </p>
+
+ <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">checkInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The interval (in seconds) between checks for expired sessions
+ among those sessions that are currently swapped out. By default,
+ this interval is set to 60 seconds (one minute).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Java class name of the implementation to use. This class must
+ implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Store</code> interface. You
+ <strong>must</strong> specify
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.FileStore</code>
+ to use this implementation.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">directory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Absolute or relative (to the temporary work directory for this web
+ application) pathname of the directory into which individual session
+ files are written. If not specified, the temporary work directory
+ assigned by the container is utilized.</p>
+ </td></tr></table>
+
+
+ <h5>JDBC Based Store</h5>
+
+ <p>The <em>JDBC Based Store</em> implementation saves swapped out
+ sessions in individual rows of a preconfigured table in a database
+ that is accessed via a JDBC driver. With large numbers of swapped out
+ sessions, this implementation will exhibit improved performance over
+ the File Based Store described above.</p>
+
+ <p>To configure this, add a <code><Store></code> nested inside
+ your <code><Manager></code> element with the following attributes:
+ </p>
+
+ <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">checkInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The interval (in seconds) between checks for expired sessions
+ among those sessions that are currently swapped out. By default,
+ this interval is set to 60 seconds (one minute).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Java class name of the implementation to use. This class must
+ implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Store</code> interface. You
+ <strong>must</strong> specify
+ <code>org.apache.catalina.session.JDBCStore</code>
+ to use this implementation.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">connectionURL</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>The connection URL that will be handed to the configured JDBC
+ driver to establish a connection to the database containing our
+ session table.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">dataSourceName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the JNDI resource for a JDBC DataSource-factory. If this option
+ is given and a valid JDBC resource can be found, it will be used and any
+ direct configuration of a JDBC connection via <code>connectionURL</code>
+ and <code>driverName</code> will be ignored. Since this code uses prepared
+ statements, you might want to configure pooled prepared statements as
+ shown in <a href="../jndi-resources-howto.html">the JNDI resources
+ HOW-TO</a>.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">driverName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Java class name of the JDBC driver to be used.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionAppCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified session
+ table, that contains the Engine, Host, and Web Application Context
+ name in the format <code>/Engine/Host/Context</code>.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionDataCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+ session table, that contains the serialized form of all session
+ attributes for a swapped out session. The column type must accept
+ a binary object (typically called a BLOB).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionIdCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+ session table, that contains the session identifier of the
+ swapped out session. The column type must accept character
+ string data of at least as many characters as are contained
+ in session identifiers created by Tomcat (typically 32).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionLastAccessedCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+ session table, that contains the <code>lastAccessedTime</code>
+ property of this session. The column type must accept a
+ Java <code>long</code> (64 bits).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionMaxInactiveCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+ session table, that contains the <code>maxInactiveInterval</code>
+ property of this session. The column type must accept a
+ Java <code>integer</code> (32 bits).</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionTable</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database table to be used for storing swapped out
+ sessions. This table must contain (at least) the database columns
+ that are configured by the other attributes of this element.</p>
+ </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionValidCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+ <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+ session table, that contains a flag indicating whether this
+ swapped out session is still valid or not. The column type
+ must accept a single character.</p>
+ </td></tr></table>
+
+ <p>Before attempting to use the JDBC Based Store for the first time,
+ you must create the table that will be used to store swapped out sessions.
+ Detailed SQL commands vary depending on the database you are using, but
+ a script like this will generally be required:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+create table tomcat_sessions (
+ session_id varchar(100) not null primary key,
+ valid_session char(1) not null,
+ max_inactive int not null,
+ last_access bigint not null,
+ app_name varchar(255),
+ session_data mediumblob,
+ KEY kapp_name(app_name)
+);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+ <p>In order for the JDBC Based Store to successfully connect to your
+ database, the JDBC driver you configure must be visible to Tomcat's
+ internal class loader. Generally, that means you must place the JAR
+ file containing this driver into the <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>
+ directory.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Persistence Across Restarts"><!--()--></a><a name="Persistence_Across_Restarts"><strong>Persistence Across Restarts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>Whenever Apache Tomcat is shut down normally and restarted, or when an
+ application reload is triggered, the standard Manager implementation
+ will attempt to serialize all currently active sessions to a disk
+ file located via the <code>pathname</code> attribute. All such saved
+ sessions will then be deserialized and activated (assuming they have
+ not expired in the mean time) when the application reload is completed.</p>
+
+ <p>In order to successfully restore the state of session attributes,
+ all such attributes MUST implement the <code>java.io.Serializable</code>
+ interface. You MAY cause the Manager to enforce this restriction by
+ including the <code><distributable></code> element in your web
+ application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Disable Session Persistence"><!--()--></a><a name="Disable_Session_Persistence"><strong>Disable Session Persistence</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>As documented above, every web application by default has
+ standard manager implementation configured, and it performs session
+ persistence across restarts. To disable this persistence feature, create
+ a <a href="context.html">Context</a> configuration file for your web
+ application and add the following element there:</p>
+
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre><Manager pathname="" /></pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#0
23264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
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+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
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