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Posted to commits@commons.apache.org by er...@apache.org on 2021/04/22 17:38:12 UTC

[commons-numbers] branch master updated: NUMBERS-77: Equivalence of double values.

This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.

erans pushed a commit to branch master
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-numbers.git


The following commit(s) were added to refs/heads/master by this push:
     new dbd2a47  NUMBERS-77: Equivalence of double values.
dbd2a47 is described below

commit dbd2a473e4949d895054190f61cb950da1d6b36d
Author: Matt Juntunen <ma...@apache.org>
AuthorDate: Wed Apr 21 17:02:50 2021 -0400

    NUMBERS-77: Equivalence of double values.
    
    Functionality derived from class "DoublePrecisionContext" originally defined in Commons Geometry.
    
    Closes #89.
    
    Co-authored-by: Alex Herbert <ah...@apache.org>
    Co-authored-by: Gilles Sadowski <gi...@gmail.com>
---
 .../org/apache/commons/numbers/core/Precision.java | 133 +++++++++++++++
 .../numbers/core/EpsilonDoubleEquivalenceTest.java | 181 +++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 314 insertions(+)

diff --git a/commons-numbers-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/Precision.java b/commons-numbers-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/Precision.java
index 686bd31..6d32631 100644
--- a/commons-numbers-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/Precision.java
+++ b/commons-numbers-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/Precision.java
@@ -500,4 +500,137 @@ public final class Precision {
                                             double delta) {
         return x + delta - x;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@link DoubleEquivalence} instance that uses the given epsilon
+     * value for determining equality.
+     *
+     * @param eps Value to use for determining equality.
+     * @return a new instance.
+     */
+    public static DoubleEquivalence doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(final double eps) {
+        if (!Double.isFinite(eps) ||
+            eps < 0d) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid epsilon value: " + eps);
+        }
+
+        return new DoubleEquivalence() {
+            /** Epsilon value. */
+            private final double epsilon = eps;
+
+            /** {@inheritDoc} */
+            @Override
+            public int compare(double a,
+                               double b) {
+                return Precision.compareTo(a, b, epsilon);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Interface containing comparison operations for doubles that allow values
+     * to be <em>considered</em> equal even if they are not exactly equal.
+     * It is intended for comparing outputs of a computation where floating
+     * point errors may have occurred.
+     */
+    public interface DoubleEquivalence {
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether given values are considered equal to each other.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @param b Value.
+         * @return true if the given values are considered equal.
+         */
+        default boolean eq(double a, double b) {
+            return compare(a, b) == 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether the given value is considered equal to zero.
+         * It is a shortcut for {@code eq(a, 0.0)}.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @return true if the argument is considered equal to zero.
+         */
+        default boolean eqZero(double a) {
+            return eq(a, 0d);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether the first argument is strictly smaller than the second.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @param b Value.
+         * @return true if {@code a < b}
+         */
+        default boolean lt(double a, double b) {
+            return compare(a, b) < 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether the first argument is smaller or considered equal to the second.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @param b Value.
+         * @return true if {@code a <= b}
+         */
+        default boolean lte(double a, double b) {
+            return compare(a, b) <= 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether the first argument is strictly greater than the second.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @param b Value.
+         * @return true if {@code a > b}
+         */
+        default boolean gt(double a, double b) {
+            return compare(a, b) > 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether the first argument is greater than or considered equal to the second.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @param b Value.
+         * @return true if {@code a >= b}
+         */
+        default boolean gte(double a, double b) {
+            return compare(a, b) >= 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the {@link Math#signum(double) sign} of the argument.
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @return the sign (or {@code a} if {@code eqZero(a)} is true or
+         * {@code a} is NaN).
+         */
+        default double signum(double a) {
+            return a == 0d ||
+                Double.isNaN(a) ?
+                a :
+                eqZero(a) ?
+                Math.copySign(0d, a) :
+                Math.copySign(1d, a);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Compares two values.
+         * The returned value is
+         * <ul>
+         *  <li>{@code 0} if the arguments are considered equal,</li>
+         *  <li>{@code -1} if {@code a < b},</li>
+         *  <li>{@code +1} if {@code a > b} or if either value is NaN.</li>
+         * </ul>
+         *
+         * @param a Value.
+         * @param b Value.
+         * @return {@code 0} if the values are considered equal, {@code -1}
+         * if the first is smaller than the second, {@code 1} is the first
+         * is larger than the second or either value is NaN.
+         */
+        int compare(double a, double b);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/commons-numbers-core/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/EpsilonDoubleEquivalenceTest.java b/commons-numbers-core/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/EpsilonDoubleEquivalenceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..623c95d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commons-numbers-core/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/numbers/core/EpsilonDoubleEquivalenceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.numbers.core;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link Precision#DoubleEquivalence} instances created with
+ * {@link Precision#doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(double)}.
+ */
+class EpsilonDoubleEquivalenceTest {
+    @Test
+    void testInvalidEpsilonValues() {
+        // act/assert
+        Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(-1d));
+
+        String msg;
+
+        msg = Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(Double.NaN)).getMessage();
+        Assertions.assertEquals("Invalid epsilon value: NaN", msg);
+
+        msg = Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)).getMessage();
+        Assertions.assertEquals("Invalid epsilon value: Infinity", msg);
+
+        msg = Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY)).getMessage();
+        Assertions.assertEquals("Invalid epsilon value: -Infinity", msg);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSignum() {
+        // arrange
+        final double eps = 1e-2;
+
+        final Precision.DoubleEquivalence cmp = Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(eps);
+
+        // act/assert
+        Assertions.assertEquals(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, 1 / cmp.signum(0.0), 0d);
+        Assertions.assertEquals(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, 1 / cmp.signum(-0.0), 0d);
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, 1 / cmp.signum(eps), 0d);
+        Assertions.assertEquals(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, 1 / cmp.signum(-eps), 0d);
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.signum(Math.nextUp(eps)), 0d);
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.signum(Math.nextDown(-eps)), 0d);
+
+        Assertions.assertTrue(Double.isNaN(cmp.signum(Double.NaN)));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.signum(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY), 0d);
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.signum(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY), 0d);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCompare_compareToZero() {
+        // arrange
+        final double eps = 1e-2;
+
+        final Precision.DoubleEquivalence cmp = Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(eps);
+
+        // act/assert
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(0.0, 0.0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(+0.0, -0.0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(eps, -0.0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(+0.0, eps));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(-eps, -0.0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(+0.0, -eps));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.compare(0.0, 1.0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(1.0, 0.0));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(0.0, -1.0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.compare(-1.0, 0.0));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCompare_compareNonZero() {
+        // arrange
+        final double eps = 1e-5;
+        final double small = 1e-3;
+        final double big = 1e100;
+
+        final Precision.DoubleEquivalence cmp = Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(eps);
+
+        // act/assert
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(eps, 2 * eps));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(-2 * eps, -eps));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(small, small + (0.9 * eps)));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(-small - (0.9 * eps), -small));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(big, nextUp(big, 1)));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(nextDown(-big, 1), -big));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.compare(small, small + (1.1 * eps)));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(-small, -small - (1.1 * eps)));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.compare(big, nextUp(big, 2)));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(-big, nextDown(-big, 2)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCompare_NaN() {
+        // arrange
+        final Precision.DoubleEquivalence cmp = Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(1e-6);
+
+        // act/assert
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(0, Double.NaN));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.NaN, 0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.NaN, Double.NaN));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Double.NaN));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.NaN, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, Double.NaN));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.NaN, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCompare_infinity() {
+        // arrange
+        final Precision.DoubleEquivalence cmp = Precision.doubleEquivalenceOfEpsilon(1e-6);
+
+        // act/assert
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.compare(0, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, 0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY));
+
+        Assertions.assertEquals(1, cmp.compare(0, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(-1, cmp.compare(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, 0));
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, cmp.compare(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Increments the given double value {@code count} number of times
+     * using {@link Math#nextUp(double)}.
+     * @param n
+     * @param count
+     * @return
+     */
+    private static double nextUp(final double n, final int count) {
+        double result = n;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+            result = Math.nextUp(result);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decrements the given double value {@code count} number of times
+     * using {@link Math#nextDown(double)}.
+     * @param n
+     * @param count
+     * @return
+     */
+    private static double nextDown(final double n, final int count) {
+        double result = n;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+            result = Math.nextDown(result);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}