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Posted to commits@mynewt.apache.org by ad...@apache.org on 2017/02/16 06:03:38 UTC
[2/9] incubator-mynewt-site git commit: Added etape sensor tutorial.
PR #152.
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-mynewt-site/blob/a4d946d9/latest/os/tutorials/nrf52_adc/index.html
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+ <li>» Add an Analog Sensor</li>
+
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+
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+</div>
+ </div>
+
+ <h2 id="adding-an-analog-sensor-on-nrf52">Adding an Analog Sensor on nRF52</h2>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="objective">Objective</h3>
+<p>We will be adding an analog sensor to the NRF52DK development board and using the Analog to Digital Converter
+(ADC) to read the values from the sensor. It's also using Bluetooth to allow you to connect to the app and
+read the value of the sensor. Please see the following section for the required hardware
+in order to complete this tutorial.</p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="hardware-needed">Hardware needed</h3>
+<ul>
+<li>nRF52 Development Kit (one of the following)<ul>
+<li>Dev Kit from Nordic - PCA 10040</li>
+<li>Eval Kit from Rigado - BMD-300-EVAL-ES</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>eTape Liquid Sensor -- buy from <a href="https://www.adafruit.com/products/1786">Adafruit</a></li>
+<li>Laptop running Mac OS</li>
+<li>It is assumed you have already installed newt tool. </li>
+<li>It is assumed you already installed native tools as described <a href="../../get_started/native_tools/">here</a></li>
+</ul>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="create-a-project">Create a project.</h3>
+<p>Create a new project to hold your work. For a deeper understanding, you can read about project creation in
+<a href="../../get_started/project_create/">Get Started -- Creating Your First Project</a>
+or just follow the commands below.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"> $ mkdir ~/dev
+ $ cd ~/dev
+ $ newt new myadc
+ Downloading project skeleton from apache/incubator-mynewt-blinky...
+ Installing skeleton in myadc...
+ Project myadc successfully created.
+ $ cd myadc
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="add-additional-repositories">Add Additional Repositories</h3>
+<p>The board-specific libraries for the NRF52dk board are in an external repository at present, so
+you'll need to include that remote repository and install it as well. If you're not familiar
+with using repositories, see the section on <a href="../repo/add_repos/">repositories</a> before
+continuing. Or just copy and paste the following.</p>
+<p>In your <code>project.yml</code> file, add <code>mynewt_nordic</code> to the <code>project.repositories</code> section, and
+then add the proper repository definition. When you're done, your <code>project.yml</code> file
+should look like this:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">project.name: "my_project"
+
+project.repositories:
+ - apache-mynewt-core
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> - mynewt_nordic
+</span>
+# Use github's distribution mechanism for core ASF libraries.
+# This provides mirroring automatically for us.
+#
+repository.apache-mynewt-core:
+ type: github
+ vers: 0-dev
+ user: apache
+ repo: incubator-mynewt-core
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc">repository.mynewt_nordic:
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> type: github
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> vers: 0-latest
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> user: runtimeinc
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> repo: mynewt_nordic
+</span></pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="install-everything">Install Everything</h3>
+<p>Now that you have defined the needed repositories, it's time to install everything so
+that you can get started.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"> $ newt install -v
+ apache-mynewt-core
+ Downloading repository description for apache-mynewt-core... success!
+ ...
+ apache-mynewt-core successfully installed version 0.9.0-none
+ ...
+ mynewt_nordic
+ Downloading repository description for mynewt_nordic... success!
+ ...
+ mynewt_nordic successfully installed version 0.9.9-none
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="create-the-targets">Create the targets</h3>
+<p>Create two targets - one for the bootloader and one for the nrf52 board. </p>
+<p><font color="#F2853F">
+Note: The correct bsp must be chosen for the board you are using. </font></p>
+<ul>
+<li>For the Nordic Dev Kit choose @apache-mynewt-core/hw/bsp/nrf52dk instead (in the highlighted lines)</li>
+<li>For the Rigado Eval Kit choose @apache-mynewt-core/hw/bsp/bmd300eval instead (in the highlighted lines)</li>
+</ul>
+<p>For the app itself we're going to extend the <a href="belpprph/bleprph-app.md">bleprph</a> app so that we
+get the Bluetooth communications built in, so the first thing we'll need to do is copy that app
+into our own app directory:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ mkdir -p apps/nrf52_adc
+$ cp -Rp repos/apache-mynewt-core/apps/bleprph/* apps/nrf52_adc
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Next, you'll modify the <code>pkg.yml</code> file for your app. Note the change in <code>pkg.name</code> and <code>pkg.description</code>. Also make sure that you specify the full path of all the packages with the prefix <code>@apache-mynewt-core/</code> as shown in the third highlighted line.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ cat apps/nrf52_adc/pkg.yml
+...
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc">pkg.name: apps/nrf52_adc
+</span>pkg.type: app
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc">pkg.description: Simple BLE peripheral application for ADC Sensors.
+</span>pkg.author: "Apache Mynewt <dev@mynewt.incubator.apache.org>"
+pkg.homepage: "http://mynewt.apache.org/"
+pkg.keywords:
+
+pkg.deps:
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> - "@apache-mynewt-core/boot/split"
+</span> - "@apache-mynewt-core/kernel/os"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/mgmt/imgmgr"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/mgmt/newtmgr"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/mgmt/newtmgr/transport/ble"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/controller"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/services/ans"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/services/gap"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/services/gatt"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/store/ram"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/transport/ram"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/console/full"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/log/full"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/stats/full"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/sysinit"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/id"
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Great! We have our very own app so let's make sure we have all of our targets set
+correctly:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ newt target create nrf52_adc
+$ newt target set nrf52_adc app=apps/nrf52_adc
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc">Target targets/nrf52_adc successfully set target.app to apps/nrf52_adc
+</span>$ newt target set nrf52_adc bsp=@apache-mynewt-core/hw/bsp/nrf52dk
+$ newt target set nrf52_adc build_profile=debug
+
+$ newt target create nrf52_boot
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc">$ newt target set nrf52_boot app=@apache-mynewt-core/apps/boot
+</span>$ newt target set nrf52_boot bsp=@apache-mynewt-core/hw/bsp/nrf52dk
+$ newt target set nrf52_boot build_profile=optimized
+
+$ newt target show
+targets/nrf52_adc
+ app=apps/nrf52_adc
+ bsp=@apache-mynewt-core/hw/bsp/nrf52dk
+ build_profile=debug
+targets/nrf52_boot
+ app=@apache-mynewt-core/apps/boot
+ bsp=@apache-mynewt-core/hw/bsp/nrf52dk
+ build_profile=optimized
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><font color="#F2853F">
+Note: If you've already built and installed a bootloader for your NRF52dk then you do
+not need to create a target for it here, or build and load it as below. </font>
+<br></p>
+<h3 id="build-the-target-executables">Build the target executables</h3>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ newt build nrf52_boot
+...
+Compiling boot.c
+Archiving boot.a
+Linking boot.elf
+App successfully built: ~/dev/myadc/bin/nrf52_boot/apps/boot/boot.elf
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ newt build nrf52_adc
+...
+Compiling main.c
+Archiving nrf52_adc.a
+Linking nrf52_adc.elf
+App successfully built: ~/dev/myadc/bin/nrf52_adc/apps/nrf52_adc/nrf52_adc.elf
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="sign-and-create-the-nrf52_adc-application-image">Sign and create the nrf52_adc application image</h3>
+<p>You must sign and version your application image to download it using newt to the board.
+Use the newt create-image command to perform this action. You may assign an arbitrary
+version (e.g. 1.0.0) to the image.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ newt create-image nrf52_adc 1.0.0
+App image successfully generated: ~/dev/myadc/bin/nrf52_adc/apps/nrf52_adc/nrf52_adc.img
+Build manifest: ~/dev/myadc/bin/nrf52_adc/apps/nrf52_adc/manifest.json
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="connect-the-board">Connect the board</h3>
+<p>Connect the evaluation board via micro-USB to your PC via USB cable.</p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="download-to-the-target">Download to the target</h3>
+<p>Download the bootloader first and then the nrf52_adc executable to the target platform.
+Don't forget to reset the board if you don't see the LED blinking right away!</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ newt load nrf52_boot
+$ newt load nrf52_adc
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> If you want to erase the flash and load the image again, you can use JLinkExe to issue an <code>erase</code> command.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">$ JLinkExe -device nRF52 -speed 4000 -if SWD
+SEGGER J-Link Commander V5.12c (Compiled Apr 21 2016 16:05:51)
+DLL version V5.12c, compiled Apr 21 2016 16:05:45
+
+Connecting to J-Link via USB...O.K.
+Firmware: J-Link OB-SAM3U128-V2-NordicSemi compiled Mar 15 2016 18:03:17
+Hardware version: V1.00
+S/N: 682863966
+VTref = 3.300V
+
+
+Type "connect" to establish a target connection, '?' for help
+J-Link>erase
+Cortex-M4 identified.
+Erasing device (0;?i?)...
+Comparing flash [100%] Done.
+Erasing flash [100%] Done.
+Verifying flash [100%] Done.
+J-Link: Flash download: Total time needed: 0.363s (Prepare: 0.093s, Compare: 0.000s, Erase: 0.262s, Program: 0.000s, Verify: 0.000s, Restore: 0.008s)
+Erasing done.
+J-Link>exit
+$
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<p>So you have a BLE app, but really all you've done is change the name of the <strong>bleprph</strong> app to <strong>nrf52_adc</strong> and load that.
+Not all that impressive, and it certainly won't read an Analog Sensor right now. So let's do that next. In order to
+read an ADC sensor, and since the ADC package is in an external, licensed, repository, we'll create a driver for it
+here in our app that will leverage the existing driver in the external repository. It adds another layer of
+indirection, but it will also give us a look at building our own driver, so we'll do it this way. </p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="building-a-driver">Building a Driver</h3>
+<p>The first thing to do is to create the directory structure for your driver:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">[user@IsMyLaptop:~/src/air_quality]$ mkdir -p libs/my_drivers/myadc/include/myadc
+[user@IsMyLaptop:~/src/air_quality]$ mkdir -p libs/my_drivers/myadc/src
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Now you can add the files you need. You'll need a pkg.yml to describe the driver, and then header stub followed by source stub.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">[user@IsMyLaptop:~/src/air_quality]$ cat libs/my_drivers/myadc/pkg.yml
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #633820">#</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># distributed with this work for additional information</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># </span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># http:</span><span style="color: #177500">//www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># software distributed under the License is distributed on an</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># specific language governing permissions and limitations</span>
+<span style="color: #633820"># under the License.</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">pkg</span>.<span style="color: #000000">name</span>: <span style="color: #000000">libs/my_drivers/myadc</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">pkg</span>.<span style="color: #000000">deps</span>:
+ <span style="color: #000000">-</span> <span style="color: #C41A16">"@apache-mynewt-core/hw/hal"</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">-</span> <span style="color: #C41A16">"@mynewt_nordic/hw/drivers/adc/adc_nrf52"</span>
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>First, let's create the required header file <code>myadc.h</code> in the includes directory i.e. <code>libs/my_drivers/myadc/include/myadc/myadc.h</code>.
+It's a pretty straightforward header file, since we only need to do 2 things:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Initialize the ADC device</li>
+<li>Read ADC Values</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #633820">#ifndef _NRF52_ADC_H_</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#define _NRF52_ADC_H_</span>
+
+<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_init</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span>);
+<span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_read</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*buffer</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>);
+
+<span style="color: #633820">#endif </span><span style="color: #177500">/* _NRF52_ADC_H_ */</span><span style="color: #633820"></span>
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Next we'll need a corresponding source file <code>myadc.c</code> in the src directory. This is where
+we'll implement the specifics of the driver:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #633820">#include <assert.h></span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include <os/os.h></span>
+<span style="color: #177500">/* ADC */</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include "myadc/myadc.h"</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include "nrf.h"</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include "app_util_platform.h"</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include "app_error.h"</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include <adc/adc.h></span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include <adc_nrf52/adc_nrf52.h></span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#include "nrf_drv_saadc.h"</span>
+
+
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES (2)</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS (1)</span>
+
+<span style="color: #A90D91">nrf_drv_saadc_config_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_config</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_DRV_SAADC_DEFAULT_CONFIG</span>;
+
+<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*adc</span>;
+<span style="color: #A90D91">uint8_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">*sample_buffer1</span>;
+<span style="color: #A90D91">uint8_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">*sample_buffer2</span>;
+
+<span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_bsp_adc0</span>;
+<span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">nrf_drv_saadc_config_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_bsp_adc0_config</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> {
+ .<span style="color: #000000">resolution</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">MYNEWT_VAL</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_0_RESOLUTION</span>),
+ .<span style="color: #000000">oversample</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">MYNEWT_VAL</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_0_OVERSAMPLE</span>),
+ .<span style="color: #000000">interrupt_priority</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">MYNEWT_VAL</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_0_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY</span>),
+};
+<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">adc_init</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>;
+
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_dev_create</span>((<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>) <span style="color: #000000">&os_bsp_adc0</span>, <span style="color: #C41A16">"adc0"</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">OS_DEV_INIT_KERNEL</span>, <span style="color: #000000">OS_DEV_INIT_PRIO_DEFAULT</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">nrf52_adc_dev_init</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&os_bsp_adc0_config</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">nrf_saadc_channel_config_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">cc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_DRV_SAADC_DEFAULT_CHANNEL_CONFIG_SE</span>(<span style="color: #000000">NRF_SAADC_INPUT_AIN1</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">cc</span>.<span style="color: #000000">gain</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_SAADC_GAIN1_6</span>;
+ <span style="color: #000000">cc</span>.<span style="color: #000000">reference</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_SAADC_REFERENCE_INTERNAL</span>;
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> (<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>) <span style="color: #000000">os_dev_open</span>(<span style="color: #C41A16">"adc0"</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&adc_config</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span> <span style="color: #000000">!=</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">NULL</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_chan_config</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&cc</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer1</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">malloc</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer2</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">malloc</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">memset</span>(<span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer1</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">memset</span>(<span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer2</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_set</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer1</span>, <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer2</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc</span>;
+}
+
+
+<span style="color: #A90D91">int</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">adc_read</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*buffer</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">i</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_result</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">my_result_mv</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">for</span> (<span style="color: #000000">i</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>; <span style="color: #000000">i</span> <span style="color: #000000"><</span> <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>; <span style="color: #000000">i++</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_read</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>, <span style="color: #000000">i</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&adc_result</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">if</span> (<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">!=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">goto</span> <span style="color: #000000">err</span>;
+ }
+ <span style="color: #000000">my_result_mv</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_result_mv</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_result</span>);
+ }
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_release</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">my_result_mv</span>;
+<span style="color: #000000">err</span>:
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> (<span style="color: #000000">rc</span>);
+}
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>There's a lot going on in here, so let's walk through it step by step. </p>
+<p>First, we define a default configuration, with the resolution, oversample and interrupt priority. You'll see
+that these are <code>MYNEWT_VAL</code> values, which means that we'll define them shortly in
+a <code>syscfg.yml</code> file to be passed to the compiler at build time. </p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_bsp_adc0</span>;
+<span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">nrf_drv_saadc_config_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_bsp_adc0_config</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> {
+ .<span style="color: #000000">resolution</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">MYNEWT_VAL</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_0_RESOLUTION</span>),
+ .<span style="color: #000000">oversample</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">MYNEWT_VAL</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_0_OVERSAMPLE</span>),
+ .<span style="color: #000000">interrupt_priority</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">MYNEWT_VAL</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_0_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY</span>),
+};
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Next, in <code>adc_init()</code> , we need to tell the OS to create the device.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">adc_init</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>;
+
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_dev_create</span>((<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>) <span style="color: #000000">&os_bsp_adc0</span>, <span style="color: #C41A16">"adc0"</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">OS_DEV_INIT_KERNEL</span>, <span style="color: #000000">OS_DEV_INIT_PRIO_DEFAULT</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">nrf52_adc_dev_init</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&os_bsp_adc0_config</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">nrf_saadc_channel_config_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">cc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_DRV_SAADC_DEFAULT_CHANNEL_CONFIG_SE</span>(<span style="color: #000000">NRF_SAADC_INPUT_AIN1</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">cc</span>.<span style="color: #000000">gain</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_SAADC_GAIN1_6</span>;
+ <span style="color: #000000">cc</span>.<span style="color: #000000">reference</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">NRF_SAADC_REFERENCE_INTERNAL</span>;
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> (<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>) <span style="color: #000000">os_dev_open</span>(<span style="color: #C41A16">"adc0"</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&adc_config</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span> <span style="color: #000000">!=</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">NULL</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_chan_config</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&cc</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer1</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">malloc</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer2</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">malloc</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">memset</span>(<span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer1</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">memset</span>(<span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer2</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_set</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer1</span>, <span style="color: #000000">sample_buffer2</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_size</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_CHANNELS</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>));
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc</span>;
+}
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>A few things need to be said about this part, as it is the most confusing. First,
+we're using a <strong>default</strong> configuration for the ADC Channel via the <code>NRF_DRV_SAADC_DEFAULT_CHANNEL_CONFIG_SE</code>
+macro. The important part here is that we're actually using <code>AIN1</code>. I know what you're thinking, "But
+we want ADC-0!" and that's true. The board is actually labelled 'A0, A1, A2' etc., and the actual pin
+numbers are also listed on the board, which seems handy. At first. But it gets messy very quickly.</p>
+<p>If you try to use AIN0, and then go poke around in the registers while this is running, </p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">(gdb) p/x {NRF_SAADC_Type}0x40007000
+...
+ CH = {{
+ PSELP = 0x1,
+ PSELN = 0x0,
+ CONFIG = 0x20000,
+ LIMIT = 0x7fff8000
+ },
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>You'll see that the pin for channel 0 is set to 1, which corresponds to AIN0, but that's <strong>NOT</strong>
+the same as A0 -- pin P0.03, the one we're using. For that, you use AIN1, which would set the
+pin value to 2. Messy. Someone, somewhere, thought this made sense. </p>
+<p>The only other thing to note here is that we're using the internal reference voltage, rather than
+setting our own. There's nothing wrong with that, but since we are, we'll have to crank up
+the gain a bit by using <code>NRF_SAADC_GAIN1_6</code>.</p>
+<p>Then, in <code>adc_read()</code> we will take readings, convert the raw readings to
+a millivolt equivalent, and return the result. </p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #A90D91">int</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">adc_read</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*buffer</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">i</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_result</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">my_result_mv</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">for</span> (<span style="color: #000000">i</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>; <span style="color: #000000">i</span> <span style="color: #000000"><</span> <span style="color: #000000">ADC_NUMBER_SAMPLES</span>; <span style="color: #000000">i++</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_read</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>, <span style="color: #000000">i</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&adc_result</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">if</span> (<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">!=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">goto</span> <span style="color: #000000">err</span>;
+ }
+ <span style="color: #000000">my_result_mv</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_result_mv</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_result</span>);
+ }
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_buf_release</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">my_result_mv</span>;
+<span style="color: #000000">err</span>:
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> (<span style="color: #000000">rc</span>);
+}
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Finally, we'll need some settings for our driver, as mentioned earlier. In the <code>myadc</code> directory
+you'll need to add a <code>syscfg.yml</code> file:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"># Package: libs/my_driver/myadc
+
+syscfg.defs:
+ ADC_0:
+ description: 'TBD'
+ value: 1
+ ADC_0_RESOLUTION:
+ description: 'TBD'
+ value: 'SAADC_CONFIG_RESOLUTION'
+ ADC_0_OVERSAMPLE:
+ description: 'TBD'
+ value: 'SAADC_CONFIG_OVERSAMPLE'
+ ADC_0_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY:
+ description: 'TBD'
+ value: 'SAADC_CONFIG_IRQ_PRIORITY'
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Once that's all done, you should have a working ADC Driver for your NRF52DK board. The last step in getting the driver set up is to include it in the package dependency defined by <code>pkg.deps</code> in the <code>pkg.yml</code> file of your app. Add it in <code>apps/nrf52_adc/pkg.yml</code> as shown by the highlighted line below.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"># Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# <snip>
+
+pkg.name: apps/nrf52_adc
+pkg.type: app
+pkg.description: Simple BLE peripheral application for ADC sensor.
+pkg.author: "Apache Mynewt <dev@mynewt.incubator.apache.org>"
+pkg.homepage: "http://mynewt.apache.org/"
+pkg.keywords:
+
+pkg.deps:
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/boot/split"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/kernel/os"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/mgmt/imgmgr"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/mgmt/newtmgr"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/mgmt/newtmgr/transport/ble"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/controller"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/services/ans"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/services/gap"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/services/gatt"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/host/store/ram"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/net/nimble/transport/ram"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/console/full"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/log/full"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/stats/full"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/sysinit"
+ - "@apache-mynewt-core/sys/id"
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> - libs/my_drivers/myadc
+</span></pre></div>
+
+
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="creating-the-adc-task">Creating the ADC Task</h3>
+<p>Now that the driver is done, we'll need to add calls to the main app's <code>main.c</code> file, as well
+as a few other things. First, we'll need to update the includes, and add a task for our ADC
+sampling.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #633820">#include "myadc/myadc.h"</span>
+...
+<span style="color: #177500">/* ADC Task settings */</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_TASK_PRIO 5</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_STACK_SIZE (OS_STACK_ALIGN(336))</span>
+<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_eventq</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_evq</span>;
+<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_task</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_task</span>;
+<span style="color: #A90D91">bssnz_t</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">os_stack_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_stack</span>[<span style="color: #000000">ADC_STACK_SIZE</span>];
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Next we'll need o initialize the task <code>event_q</code> so we'll add the highlighted code to <code>main()</code> as shown below:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"> <span style="color: #177500">/* Set the default device name. */</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_svc_gap_device_name_set</span>(<span style="color: #C41A16">"nimble-adc"</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+
+ <span style="color: #000000">conf_load</span>();
+
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #177500">/* Initialize adc sensor task eventq */</span>
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #000000">os_eventq_init</span>(<span style="color: #000000">&adc_evq</span>);
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc">
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #177500">/* Create the ADC reader task. </span>
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"><span style="color: #177500"> * All sensor operations are performed in this task.</span>
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"><span style="color: #177500"> */</span>
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #000000">os_task_init</span>(<span style="color: #000000">&adc_task</span>, <span style="color: #C41A16">"sensor"</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_task_handler</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #A90D91">NULL</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_TASK_PRIO</span>, <span style="color: #000000">OS_WAIT_FOREVER</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #000000">adc_stack</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_STACK_SIZE</span>);
+</span></pre></div>
+
+
+<p>We'll need that <code>adc_task_handler()</code> function to exist, and that's where we'll initialize the ADC Device
+and set the event handler. In the task's while() loop, we'll just make a call to <code>adc_sample()</code> to cause
+the ADC driver to sample the adc device.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #177500">/**</span>
+<span style="color: #177500"> * Event loop for the sensor task.</span>
+<span style="color: #177500"> */</span>
+<span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">void</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">adc_task_handler</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*unused</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*adc</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span>;
+ <span style="color: #177500">/* ADC init */</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_init</span>();
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_event_handler_set</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>, <span style="color: #000000">adc_read_event</span>, (<span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span>) <span style="color: #A90D91">NULL</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">while</span> (<span style="color: #1C01CE">1</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #000000">adc_sample</span>(<span style="color: #000000">adc</span>);
+ <span style="color: #177500">/* Wait 2 second */</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">os_time_delay</span>(<span style="color: #000000">OS_TICKS_PER_SEC</span> <span style="color: #000000">*</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">2</span>);
+ }
+}
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>Above the <code>adc_task_handler</code>, add code to handle the <code>adc_read_event()</code> calls:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #A90D91">int</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">adc_read_event</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_dev</span> <span style="color: #000000">*dev</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*arg</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">uint8_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">etype</span>,
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*buffer</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">value</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">uint16_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">chr_val_handle</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span>;
+
+ <span style="color: #000000">value</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">adc_read</span>(<span style="color: #000000">buffer</span>, <span style="color: #000000">buffer_len</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">if</span> (<span style="color: #000000">value</span> <span style="color: #000000">>=</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #000000">console_printf</span>(<span style="color: #C41A16">"Got %d\n"</span>, <span style="color: #000000">value</span>);
+ } <span style="color: #A90D91">else</span> {
+ <span style="color: #000000">console_printf</span>(<span style="color: #C41A16">"Error while reading: %d\n"</span>, <span style="color: #000000">value</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">goto</span> <span style="color: #000000">err</span>;
+ }
+ <span style="color: #000000">gatt_adc_val</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">value</span>;
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_gatts_find_chr</span>(<span style="color: #000000">&gatt_svr_svc_adc_uuid</span>.<span style="color: #000000">u</span>, <span style="color: #000000">BLE_UUID16_DECLARE</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_VAL</span>), <span style="color: #A90D91">NULL</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&chr_val_handle</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">ble_gatts_chr_updated</span>(<span style="color: #000000">chr_val_handle</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> (<span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+<span style="color: #000000">err</span>:
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> (<span style="color: #000000">rc</span>);
+}
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>This is where we actually read the ADC value and then update the BLE Characteristic for that value. </p>
+<p>But wait, we haven't defined those BLE services and characteristics yet! Right, so don't try to build and run this
+app just yet or it will surely fail. Instead, move on to the next section and get all of those services
+defined.</p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="building-the-ble-services">Building the BLE Services</h3>
+<p>If the nrf52_adc app is going to be a Bluetooth-enabled sensor app that will allow you to read the value of the eTape Water Level Sensor
+via Bluetooth we'll need to actually define those Services and Characteristics.</p>
+<p>As with the <a href="../bleprph/bleprph-app/">ble peripheral</a> app, we will advertise a couple of values from our app. The first is
+not strictly necessary, but it will help us build an iOS app later. We've defined a service and the characteristics in
+that service in <code>bleadc.h</code> in the <code>apps/nrf52_adc/src/</code> directory as follows:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #177500">/* Sensor Data */</span>
+<span style="color: #177500">/* e761d2af-1c15-4fa7-af80-b5729002b340 */</span>
+<span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">const</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">ble_uuid128_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_svc_adc_uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">BLE_UUID128_INIT</span>(<span style="color: #1C01CE">0x40</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xb3</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x20</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x90</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x72</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xb5</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x80</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xaf</span>,
+ <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xa7</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x4f</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x15</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x1c</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xaf</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xd2</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0x61</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0xe7</span>);
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_SNS_TYPE 0xDEAD</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_SNS_STRING "eTape Liquid Level Sensor"</span>
+<span style="color: #633820">#define ADC_SNS_VAL 0xBEAD</span>
+<span style="color: #A90D91">extern</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">uint16_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_adc_val</span>;
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>The first is the UUID of the service, followed by the 2 characteristics we are going to offer.
+The first characteristic is going to advertise the <em>type</em> of sensor we are advertising, and
+it will be a read-only characteristic. The second characteristic will be the sensor value
+itself, and we will allow connected devices to 'subscribe' to it in order to get
+constantly-updated values.</p>
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> You can choose any valid Characteristic UUIDs to go here. We're using these values
+for illustrative purposes only.</p>
+<p>The value that we'll be updating is also defined here as <code>gatt_adc_val</code>.</p>
+<p>If we then go look at <code>gatt_srv.c</code> we can see the structure of the service and
+characteristic offering that we set up:</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">const</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_gatt_svc_def</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_svcs</span>[] <span style="color: #000000">=</span> {
+ {
+ <span style="color: #177500">/*** Service: Security test. */</span>
+ .<span style="color: #000000">type</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_SVC_TYPE_PRIMARY</span>,
+ .<span style="color: #000000">uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">&gatt_svr_svc_sec_test_uuid</span>.<span style="color: #000000">u</span>,
+ .<span style="color: #000000">characteristics</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> (<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_gatt_chr_def</span>[]) { {
+ <span style="color: #177500">/*** Characteristic: Random number generator. */</span>
+ .<span style="color: #000000">uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">&gatt_svr_chr_sec_test_rand_uuid</span>.<span style="color: #000000">u</span>,
+ .<span style="color: #000000">access_cb</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_chr_access_sec_test</span>,
+ .<span style="color: #000000">flags</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ</span> <span style="color: #000000">|</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ_ENC</span>,
+ }, {
+ <span style="color: #177500">/*** Characteristic: Static value. */</span>
+ .<span style="color: #000000">uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">&gatt_svr_chr_sec_test_static_uuid</span>.<span style="color: #000000">u</span>,
+ .<span style="color: #000000">access_cb</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_chr_access_sec_test</span>,
+ .<span style="color: #000000">flags</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ</span> <span style="color: #000000">|</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_WRITE</span> <span style="color: #000000">|</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_WRITE_ENC</span>,
+ }, {
+ <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #177500">/* No more characteristics in this service. */</span>
+ } },
+ },
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> {
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #177500">/*** ADC Level Notification Service. */</span>
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">type</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_SVC_TYPE_PRIMARY</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">&gatt_svr_svc_adc_uuid</span>.<span style="color: #000000">u</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">characteristics</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> (<span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_gatt_chr_def</span>[]) { {
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_UUID16_DECLARE</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_TYPE</span>),
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">access_cb</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_sns_access</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">flags</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> }, {
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">uuid</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_UUID16_DECLARE</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_VAL</span>),
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">access_cb</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_sns_access</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> .<span style="color: #000000">flags</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_CHR_F_NOTIFY</span>,
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> }, {
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #177500">/* No more characteristics in this service. */</span>
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> } },
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc"> },
+</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc">
+</span> {
+ <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>, <span style="color: #177500">/* No more services. */</span>
+ },
+};
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>You should recognize the first services from the <a href="../bleprph/bleprph-intro/">BLE Peripheral</a>
+tutorial earlier. We're just adding another Service, with 2 new Characteristics, to
+that application.</p>
+<p>We'll need to fill in the function that will be called for this service, <code>gatt_srv_sns_access</code>
+next so that the service knows what to do.</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #A90D91">static</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span>
+<span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_sns_access</span>(<span style="color: #A90D91">uint16_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">conn_handle</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">uint16_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">attr_handle</span>,
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">struct</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_gatt_access_ctxt</span> <span style="color: #000000">*ctxt</span>,
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">void</span> <span style="color: #000000">*arg</span>)
+{
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">uint16_t</span> <span style="color: #000000">uuid16</span>;
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">int</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span>;
+
+ <span style="color: #000000">uuid16</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">ble_uuid_u16</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->chr->uuid</span>);
+
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">switch</span> (<span style="color: #000000">uuid16</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">case</span> <span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_TYPE</span>:
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->op</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_READ_CHR</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_mbuf_append</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->om</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_STRING</span>, <span style="color: #A90D91">sizeof</span> <span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_STRING</span>);
+ <span style="color: #000000">BLEPRPH_LOG</span>(<span style="color: #000000">INFO</span>, <span style="color: #C41A16">"ADC SENSOR TYPE READ: %s\n"</span>, <span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_STRING</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span> <span style="color: #000000">?</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span> <span style="color: #000000">:</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES</span>;
+
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">case</span> <span style="color: #000000">ADC_SNS_VAL</span>:
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">if</span> (<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->op</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_WRITE_CHR</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_svr_chr_write</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->om</span>, <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>,
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">sizeof</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_adc_val</span>,
+ <span style="color: #000000">&gatt_adc_val</span>,
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">NULL</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span>;
+ } <span style="color: #A90D91">else</span> <span style="color: #A90D91">if</span> (<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->op</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_READ_CHR</span>) {
+ <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">=</span> <span style="color: #000000">os_mbuf_append</span>(<span style="color: #000000">ctxt->om</span>, <span style="color: #000000">&gatt_adc_val</span>,
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">sizeof</span> <span style="color: #000000">gatt_adc_val</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">rc</span> <span style="color: #000000">==</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span> <span style="color: #000000">?</span> <span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span> <span style="color: #000000">:</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES</span>;
+ }
+
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">default</span><span style="color: #000000">:</span>
+ <span style="color: #000000">assert</span>(<span style="color: #1C01CE">0</span>);
+ <span style="color: #A90D91">return</span> <span style="color: #000000">BLE_ATT_ERR_UNLIKELY</span>;
+ }
+}
+</pre></div>
+
+
+<p>You can see that when request is for the <code>ADC_SNS_TYPE</code>, we return the
+Sensor Type we defined earlier. If the request if for <code>ADC_SNS_VAL</code> we'll return the
+<code>gatt_adc_val</code> value. </p>
+<p>Don't forget to include the <code>bleadc.h</code> include file at the top of the <code>gatt_svr.c</code> file!</p>
+<div class="codehilite" style="background: #ffffff"><pre style="line-height: 125%">#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "bsp/bsp.h"
+#include "host/ble_hs.h"
+#include "host/ble_uuid.h"
+#include "bleprph.h"
+<span style="background-color: #ffffcc">#include "bleadc.h"
+</span></pre></div>
+
+
+<p>If you build, load and run this application now, you will see all those Services and Characteristics
+advertised, and you will even be able to read the "Sensor Type" String via the ADC_SNS_TYPE
+Characteristic.</p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="adding-the-etape-water-sensor">Adding the eTape Water Sensor</h3>
+<p>Now that we have a fully functioning BLE App that we can subscribe to sensor
+values from, it's time to actually wire up the sensor!</p>
+<p>As previously mentioned, we're going to be using an eTape Water Level Sensor. You can
+get one from <a href="https://www.adafruit.com/products/1786">Adafruit</a>. </p>
+<p>We're going to use the sensor as a resistive sensor, and the setup is very simple.
+I'll be using a 'breadboard` to put this all together for illustrative purposes.
+First, attach a jumper-wire from Vdd on the board to the breadboard.
+Next, attach a jumper wire from pin P0.03 on the board to the breadboard. This will be
+our ADC-in. The sensor should have come with a 560 ohm resistor, so plug that
+into the board between Vdd and ADC-in holes. Finally, attach a jumper from
+GND on the board to your breadboard. At this point, your breadboard should look
+like this:</p>
+<p><img alt="Bread Board Setup" src="../pics/breadboard.png" /></p>
+<p>Now attach one of the middle 2 leads from the sensor to ground on the breadboard and
+the other middle lead to the ADC-in on the breadboard. Your breadboard should now look
+like this:</p>
+<p><img alt="Bread Board Final" src="../pics/adc-demo-1.png" /></p>
+<p>And your eTape Sensor should look like this (at least if you have it mounted in a
+graduated cylinder as I do).</p>
+<p><img alt="eTape Sensor Setup" src="../pics/adc-demo-2.png" /></p>
+<p>That concludes the hardware portion. Easy!</p>
+<p>At this point you should be able to build, create-image and load your application and see it properly
+sending readings. </p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h3>
+<p>Congratulations, you've now completed both a hardware project and a software project by connecting a
+sensor to your device and using Mynewt to read data from that sensor and send it via Bluetooth
+to a connected device. That's no small feat!</p>
+<p>If you see anything missing or want to send us feedback, please do so by signing up for
+appropriate mailing lists on our <a href="../../../community/">Community Page</a>.</p>
+<p>Keep on hacking and sensing!</p>
+<p><br></p>
+<h3 id="note">Note</h3>
+<p>If you're wondering how to actually view these sensor readings via Bluetooth, you have a couple of
+options. On Mac OS or iOS you can download the <a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/lightblue-explorer-bluetooth/id557428110?mt=8">LightBlue app</a>.
+This app lets you connect to, and interrogate, BLE devices like the one you just built. </p>
+<p>If you used the BLE Service and Characteristic UUIDs used in this tutorial, you can also download
+and use a Mac OS <a href="https://dragonflyiot.com/MyNewtSensorReader.zip">MyNewt Sensor Reader App</a> (Zip Archive) that allows
+you to graph your data, etc. An iOS version is in Beta testing and should be available soon.</p>
+<p><img alt="My Newt Sensor Reader" src="../pics/MyNewtSensorReader006.jpg" /></p>
+<p>Enjoy!</p>
+
+ <div class="row">
+
+
+
+
+<ul class="nav nav-pills" style="margin-bottom: 10px">
+ <li>
+
+ <a href=../air_quality_ble/>
+ <span class="fa fa-arrow-left"></span>
+ Previous: BLE-enabled Air Quality Sensor
+ </a>
+
+ </li>
+ <li class="pull-right">
+
+ <a href=../../os_user_guide/>
+ Next: OS User Guide
+ <span class="fa fa-arrow-right"></span>
+ </a>
+
+ </li>
+</ul>
+ </div>
+ <footer class="row">
+ <div class="col-xs-12">
+
+ <p class="copyright">Apache Mynewt (incubating) is available under Apache License, version 2.0.</p>
+
+ </div>
+ <div class="col-xs-12">
+ <div class="logos">
+ <img src="/img/asf_logo_wide_small.png" alt="Apache" title="Apache">
+ <small class="footnote">
+ MyNewt is an effort undergoing incubation at The Apache Software Foundation (ASF), sponsored by the Apache Incubator. Incubation is required of all newly accepted projects until a further review indicates that the infrastructure, communications, and decision making process have stabilized in a manner consistent with other successful ASF projects. While incubation status is not necessarily a reflection of the completeness or stability of the code, it does indicate that the project has yet to be fully endorsed by the ASF.
+ </small>
+ <img src="/img/egg-logo2.png" alt="Apache Incubator" title="Apache Incubator">
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</footer>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+
+ </div>
+
+ <script src="../../../js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
+ <script src="../../../js/bootstrap-3.0.3.min.js"></script>
+ <script src="../../../js/highlight.pack.js"></script>
+ <script src="../../../js/base.js"></script>
+ <script src="../../../js/custom.js"></script>
+
+ </body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
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@@ -341,19 +341,6 @@
-
-
- <li><a href="
- ../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
-
- </li>
-
-
-
-
-
<li >
<a href="../event_queue/">Add task to manage multiple events</a>
</li>
@@ -432,6 +419,27 @@
+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
</li>
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-
-
- <li><a href="
- ../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
-
- </li>
-
-
-
-
-
<li >
<a href="../event_queue/">Add task to manage multiple events</a>
</li>
@@ -446,6 +433,27 @@
+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
</li>
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- ../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
-
- </li>
-
-
-
-
-
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<a href="../event_queue/">Add task to manage multiple events</a>
</li>
@@ -389,6 +376,27 @@
+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
</li>
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- ../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
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-
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-
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@@ -389,6 +376,27 @@
+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
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-
- <li><a href="
- ../../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
-
- </li>
-
-
-
-
-
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<a href="../../event_queue/">Add task to manage multiple events</a>
</li>
@@ -399,6 +386,27 @@
+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
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-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
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+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
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- ../../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
-
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-
-
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+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
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- ../../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
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-
-
-
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+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
</li>
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-
- <li><a href="
- ../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
-
-
- </li>
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-
-
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+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
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- ../air_quality_sensor/
-">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
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- </li>
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-
-
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<a href="../event_queue/">Add task to manage multiple events</a>
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+
+
+
+
+ <li><a href="
+ ../air_quality_sensor/
+">Air-quality Sensor project</a>
+
+
+ </li>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <li >
+ <a href="../nrf52_adc/">Add an Analog Sensor</a>
+ </li>
+
+
+
</ul>
</li>