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Posted to dev@commons.apache.org by ki...@apache.org on 2014/11/20 05:54:46 UTC

commons-text git commit: SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang

Repository: commons-text
Updated Branches:
  refs/heads/master 71b59af90 -> c0e8c0210


SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/commit/c0e8c021
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/tree/c0e8c021
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/diff/c0e8c021

Branch: refs/heads/master
Commit: c0e8c021059d8300f90cf2123528a35d7c468b57
Parents: 71b59af
Author: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
Authored: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
Committer: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
Committed: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 .../commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java  | 130 +++++++
 .../text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java   | 373 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java    | 258 +++++++++++++
 .../commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java   |  45 +++
 .../commons/text/similarity/package-info.java   |  22 ++
 .../text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java      |  75 ++++
 .../similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java    |  62 +++
 .../similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java     | 146 ++++++++
 8 files changed, 1111 insertions(+)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e9228a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * <p>
+ * This string matching algorithm is similar to the algorithms of editors such
+ * as Sublime Text, TextMate, Atom and others. One point is given for every
+ * matched character. Subsequent matches yield two bonus points. A higher score
+ * indicates a higher similarity.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 1.0
+ */
+public class FuzzyDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score between two
+     * Strings. This method uses the default locale.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not be null
+     * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must not be
+     *            null
+     * @return result score
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code null}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query) {
+        return compare(term, query, Locale.getDefault());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score between two
+     * Strings.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance(null, null, null)                                    = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("", "", Locale.ENGLISH)                              = 0
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH)                     = 0
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH)                         = 1
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH)                     = 1
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH)                    = 2
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH)                    = 4
+     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Apache Software Foundation", "asf", Locale.ENGLISH) = 3
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not be null
+     * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must not be
+     *            null
+     * @param locale This string matching logic is case insensitive. A locale is
+     *            necessary to normalize both Strings to lower case.
+     * @return result score
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code null} or
+     *             Locale input {@code null}
+     */
+    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query, Locale locale) {
+        if (term == null || query == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be null");
+        } else if (locale == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Locale must not be null");
+        }
+
+        // fuzzy logic is case insensitive. We normalize the Strings to lower
+        // case right from the start. Turning characters to lower case
+        // via Character.toLowerCase(char) is unfortunately insufficient
+        // as it does not accept a locale.
+        final String termLowerCase = term.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
+        final String queryLowerCase = query.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
+
+        // the resulting score
+        int score = 0;
+
+        // the position in the term which will be scanned next for potential
+        // query character matches
+        int termIndex = 0;
+
+        // index of the previously matched character in the term
+        int previousMatchingCharacterIndex = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+
+        for (int queryIndex = 0; queryIndex < queryLowerCase.length(); queryIndex++) {
+            final char queryChar = queryLowerCase.charAt(queryIndex);
+
+            boolean termCharacterMatchFound = false;
+            for (; termIndex < termLowerCase.length()
+                    && !termCharacterMatchFound; termIndex++) {
+                final char termChar = termLowerCase.charAt(termIndex);
+
+                if (queryChar == termChar) {
+                    // simple character matches result in one point
+                    score++;
+
+                    // subsequent character matches further improve
+                    // the score.
+                    if (previousMatchingCharacterIndex + 1 == termIndex) {
+                        score += 2;
+                    }
+
+                    previousMatchingCharacterIndex = termIndex;
+
+                    // we can leave the nested loop. Every character in the
+                    // query can match at most one character in the term.
+                    termCharacterMatchFound = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return score;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2dcd51c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+/**
+ * <p>
+ * The Jaro measure is the weighted sum of percentage of matched characters
+ * from each file and transposed characters. Winkler increased this measure
+ * for matching initial characters.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This implementation is based on the Jaro Winkler similarity algorithm
+ * from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance">
+ * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance</a>.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 1.0
+ */
+public class JaroWrinklerDistance implements StringMetric<Double> {
+
+    /**
+     * Represents a failed index search.
+     */
+    public static final int INDEX_NOT_FOUND = -1;
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Find the Jaro Winkler Distance which indicates the similarity score
+     * between two Strings.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(null, null)          = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","")               = 0.0
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","a")              = 0.0
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("aaapppp", "")       = 0.0
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("frog", "fog")       = 0.93
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("fly", "ant")        = 0.0
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 0.44
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 0.44
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 0.0
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 0.88
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("ABC Corporation", "ABC Corp") = 0.91
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("D N H Enterprises Inc", "D &amp; H Enterprises, Inc.") = 0.93
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("My Gym Children's Fitness Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness") = 0.94
+     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("PENNSYLVANIA", "PENNCISYLVNIA")    = 0.9
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param left the first String, must not be null
+     * @param right the second String, must not be null
+     * @return result distance
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code null}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Double compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
+        final double DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR = 0.1;
+
+        if (left == null || right == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be null");
+        }
+
+        final double jaro = score(left, right);
+        final int cl = commonPrefixLength(left, right);
+        final double matchScore = Math.round(jaro + (DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR
+                * cl * (1.0 - jaro)) * 100.0) / 100.0;
+
+        return matchScore;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: we can move these methods to a Util class, keep them here,
+    // create a common abstract class, shade lang-3.3...
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the number of characters from the beginning of the strings
+     * that match exactly one-to-one, up to a maximum of four (4) characters.
+     *
+     * @param first The first string.
+     * @param second The second string.
+     * @return A number between 0 and 4.
+     */
+    private static int commonPrefixLength(final CharSequence first,
+            final CharSequence second) {
+        final int result = getCommonPrefix(first.toString(), second.toString())
+                .length();
+
+        // Limit the result to 4.
+        return result > 4 ? 4 : result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Compares all Strings in an array and returns the initial sequence of
+     * characters that is common to all of them.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * For example,
+     * <code>getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a robot"}) -&gt; "i am a "</code>
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(null) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc"}) = "abc"
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", ""}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", null}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = "abc"
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = "a"
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = ""
+     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a robot"}) = "i am a "
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param strs array of String objects, entries may be null
+     * @return the initial sequence of characters that are common to all Strings
+     *         in the array; empty String if the array is null, the elements are
+     *         all null or if there is no common prefix.
+     * @since 2.4
+     */
+    public static String getCommonPrefix(final String... strs) {
+        if (strs == null || strs.length == 0) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        final int smallestIndexOfDiff = indexOfDifference(strs);
+        if (smallestIndexOfDiff == INDEX_NOT_FOUND) {
+            // all strings were identical
+            if (strs[0] == null) {
+                return "";
+            }
+            return strs[0];
+        } else if (smallestIndexOfDiff == 0) {
+            // there were no common initial characters
+            return "";
+        } else {
+            // we found a common initial character sequence
+            return strs[0].substring(0, smallestIndexOfDiff);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method returns the Jaro-Winkler score for string matching.
+     *
+     * @param first the first string to be matched
+     * @param second the second string to be machted
+     * @return matching score without scaling factor impact
+     */
+    protected static double score(final CharSequence first,
+            final CharSequence second) {
+        String shorter;
+        String longer;
+
+        // Determine which String is longer.
+        if (first.length() > second.length()) {
+            longer = first.toString().toLowerCase();
+            shorter = second.toString().toLowerCase();
+        } else {
+            longer = second.toString().toLowerCase();
+            shorter = first.toString().toLowerCase();
+        }
+
+        // Calculate the half length() distance of the shorter String.
+        final int halflength = shorter.length() / 2 + 1;
+
+        // Find the set of matching characters between the shorter and longer
+        // strings. Note that
+        // the set of matching characters may be different depending on the
+        // order of the strings.
+        final String m1 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(shorter, longer,
+                halflength);
+        final String m2 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(longer, shorter,
+                halflength);
+
+        // If one or both of the sets of common characters is empty, then
+        // there is no similarity between the two strings.
+        if (m1.length() == 0 || m2.length() == 0) {
+            return 0.0;
+        }
+
+        // If the set of common characters is not the same size, then
+        // there is no similarity between the two strings, either.
+        if (m1.length() != m2.length()) {
+            return 0.0;
+        }
+
+        // Calculate the number of transposition between the two sets
+        // of common characters.
+        final int transpositions = transpositions(m1, m2);
+
+        // Calculate the distance.
+        final double dist = (m1.length() / ((double) shorter.length())
+                + m2.length() / ((double) longer.length()) + (m1.length() - transpositions)
+                / ((double) m1.length())) / 3.0;
+        return dist;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the number of transposition between two strings.
+     *
+     * @param first The first string.
+     * @param second The second string.
+     * @return The number of transposition between the two strings.
+     */
+    protected static int transpositions(final CharSequence first,
+            final CharSequence second) {
+        int transpositions = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
+            if (first.charAt(i) != second.charAt(i)) {
+                transpositions++;
+            }
+        }
+        return transpositions / 2;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Compares all CharSequences in an array and returns the index at which the
+     * CharSequences begin to differ.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * For example,
+     * <code>indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a robot"}) -&gt; 7</code>
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(null) = -1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {}) = -1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc"}) = -1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null}) = -1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", ""}) = -1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", null}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = -1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = 1
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = 2
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = 2
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = 0
+     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a robot"}) = 7
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param css array of CharSequences, entries may be null
+     * @return the index where the strings begin to differ; -1 if they are all
+     *         equal
+     * @since 2.4
+     * @since 3.0 Changed signature from indexOfDifference(String...) to
+     *        indexOfDifference(CharSequence...)
+     */
+    protected static int indexOfDifference(final CharSequence... css) {
+        if (css == null || css.length <= 1) {
+            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        boolean anyStringNull = false;
+        boolean allStringsNull = true;
+        final int arrayLen = css.length;
+        int shortestStrLen = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        int longestStrLen = 0;
+
+        // find the min and max string lengths; this avoids checking to make
+        // sure we are not exceeding the length of the string each time through
+        // the bottom loop.
+        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLen; i++) {
+            if (css[i] == null) {
+                anyStringNull = true;
+                shortestStrLen = 0;
+            } else {
+                allStringsNull = false;
+                shortestStrLen = Math.min(css[i].length(), shortestStrLen);
+                longestStrLen = Math.max(css[i].length(), longestStrLen);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // handle lists containing all nulls or all empty strings
+        if (allStringsNull || longestStrLen == 0 && !anyStringNull) {
+            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+
+        // handle lists containing some nulls or some empty strings
+        if (shortestStrLen == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        // find the position with the first difference across all strings
+        int firstDiff = -1;
+        for (int stringPos = 0; stringPos < shortestStrLen; stringPos++) {
+            final char comparisonChar = css[0].charAt(stringPos);
+            for (int arrayPos = 1; arrayPos < arrayLen; arrayPos++) {
+                if (css[arrayPos].charAt(stringPos) != comparisonChar) {
+                    firstDiff = stringPos;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (firstDiff != -1) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (firstDiff == -1 && shortestStrLen != longestStrLen) {
+            // we compared all of the characters up to the length of the
+            // shortest string and didn't find a match, but the string lengths
+            // vary, so return the length of the shortest string.
+            return shortestStrLen;
+        }
+        return firstDiff;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a set of matching characters between two strings.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * Two characters from the first string and the second string are
+     * considered matching if the character's respective positions are no
+     * farther than the limit value.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param first The first string.
+     * @param second The second string.
+     * @param limit The maximum distance to consider.
+     * @return A string contain the set of common characters.
+     */
+    protected static String getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(
+            final CharSequence first, final CharSequence second, final int limit) {
+        final StringBuilder common = new StringBuilder();
+        final StringBuilder copy = new StringBuilder(second);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
+            final char ch = first.charAt(i);
+            boolean found = false;
+
+            // See if the character is within the limit positions away from the
+            // original position of that character.
+            for (int j = Math.max(0, i - limit); !found
+                    && j < Math.min(i + limit, second.length()); j++) {
+                if (copy.charAt(j) == ch) {
+                    found = true;
+                    common.append(ch);
+                    copy.setCharAt(j, '*');
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return common.toString();
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1793f1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * <p>
+ * A string metric for measuring the difference between two sequences.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 1.0
+ */
+public class LevenshteinDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into another,
+     * where each change is a single character modification (deletion, insertion
+     * or substitution).
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * The previous implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm was
+     * from <a
+     * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm">http://www.merriampark.com
+     * /ld.htm</a>
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * Chas Emerick has written an implementation in Java, which avoids an
+     * OutOfMemoryError which can occur when my Java implementation is used with
+     * very large strings.<br>
+     * This implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm is from <a
+     * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ldjava.htm">http://www.merriampark.com/
+     * ldjava.htm</a>
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *)             = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null)             = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","")               = 0
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","a")              = 1
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "")       = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("frog", "fog")       = 1
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("fly", "ant")        = 3
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 8
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 1
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param left the first string, must not be null
+     * @param right the second string, must not be null
+     * @return result distance
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code null}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
+        return compare(left, right, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings if it's less than or
+     * equal to a given threshold.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into another,
+     * where each change is a single character modification (deletion, insertion
+     * or substitution).
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * This implementation follows from Algorithms on Strings, Trees and
+     * Sequences by Dan Gusfield and Chas Emerick's implementation of the
+     * Levenshtein distance algorithm from <a
+     * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm"
+     * >http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm</a>
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *, *)             = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null, *)             = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, *, -1)               = IllegalArgumentException
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","", 0)               = 0
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 8)       = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 7)       = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 6))      = -1
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 7) = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 6) = -1
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 7) = 7
+     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 6) = -1
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param left the first string, must not be null
+     * @param right the second string, must not be null
+     * @param threshold the target threshold, must not be negative
+     * @return result distance
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code null} or
+     *             negative threshold
+     */
+    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right, int threshold) {
+        if (left == null || right == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be null");
+        }
+        if (threshold < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Threshold must not be negative");
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * This implementation only computes the distance if it's less than or
+         * equal to the threshold value, returning -1 if it's greater. The
+         * advantage is performance: unbounded distance is O(nm), but a bound of
+         * k allows us to reduce it to O(km) time by only computing a diagonal
+         * stripe of width 2k + 1 of the cost table. It is also possible to use
+         * this to compute the unbounded Levenshtein distance by starting the
+         * threshold at 1 and doubling each time until the distance is found;
+         * this is O(dm), where d is the distance.
+         *
+         * One subtlety comes from needing to ignore entries on the border of
+         * our stripe eg. p[] = |#|#|#|* d[] = *|#|#|#| We must ignore the entry
+         * to the left of the leftmost member We must ignore the entry above the
+         * rightmost member
+         *
+         * Another subtlety comes from our stripe running off the matrix if the
+         * strings aren't of the same size. Since string s is always swapped to
+         * be the shorter of the two, the stripe will always run off to the
+         * upper right instead of the lower left of the matrix.
+         *
+         * As a concrete example, suppose s is of length 5, t is of length 7,
+         * and our threshold is 1. In this case we're going to walk a stripe of
+         * length 3. The matrix would look like so:
+         *
+         * 1 2 3 4 5 1 |#|#| | | | 2 |#|#|#| | | 3 | |#|#|#| | 4 | | |#|#|#| 5 |
+         * | | |#|#| 6 | | | | |#| 7 | | | | | |
+         *
+         * Note how the stripe leads off the table as there is no possible way
+         * to turn a string of length 5 into one of length 7 in edit distance of
+         * 1.
+         *
+         * Additionally, this implementation decreases memory usage by using two
+         * single-dimensional arrays and swapping them back and forth instead of
+         * allocating an entire n by m matrix. This requires a few minor
+         * changes, such as immediately returning when it's detected that the
+         * stripe has run off the matrix and initially filling the arrays with
+         * large values so that entries we don't compute are ignored.
+         *
+         * See Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences by Dan Gusfield for
+         * some discussion.
+         */
+
+        int n = left.length(); // length of s
+        int m = right.length(); // length of t
+
+        // if one string is empty, the edit distance is necessarily the length
+        // of the other
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return m <= threshold ? m : -1;
+        } else if (m == 0) {
+            return n <= threshold ? n : -1;
+        }
+
+        if (n > m) {
+            // swap the two strings to consume less memory
+            final CharSequence tmp = left;
+            left = right;
+            right = tmp;
+            n = m;
+            m = right.length();
+        }
+
+        int[] p = new int[n + 1]; // 'previous' cost array, horizontally
+        int[] d = new int[n + 1]; // cost array, horizontally
+        int[] _d; // placeholder to assist in swapping p and d
+
+        // fill in starting table values
+        final int boundary = Math.min(n, threshold) + 1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < boundary; i++) {
+            p[i] = i;
+        }
+        // these fills ensure that the value above the rightmost entry of our
+        // stripe will be ignored in following loop iterations
+        Arrays.fill(p, boundary, p.length, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+        Arrays.fill(d, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+
+        // iterates through t
+        for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
+            final char t_j = right.charAt(j - 1); // jth character of t
+            d[0] = j;
+
+            // compute stripe indices, constrain to array size
+            final int min = Math.max(1, j - threshold);
+            final int max = j > Integer.MAX_VALUE - threshold ? n : Math.min(
+                    n, j + threshold);
+
+            // the stripe may lead off of the table if s and t are of different
+            // sizes
+            if (min > max) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+
+            // ignore entry left of leftmost
+            if (min > 1) {
+                d[min - 1] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            // iterates through [min, max] in s
+            for (int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
+                if (left.charAt(i - 1) == t_j) {
+                    // diagonally left and up
+                    d[i] = p[i - 1];
+                } else {
+                    // 1 + minimum of cell to the left, to the top, diagonally
+                    // left and up
+                    d[i] = 1 + Math.min(Math.min(d[i - 1], p[i]), p[i - 1]);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // copy current distance counts to 'previous row' distance counts
+            _d = p;
+            p = d;
+            d = _d;
+        }
+
+        // if p[n] is greater than the threshold, there's no guarantee on it
+        // being the correct
+        // distance
+        if (p[n] <= threshold) {
+            return p[n];
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6765bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+/**
+ * <p>
+ * Marker interface for <a
+ * href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_metric'>String Metrics</a>
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * A string metric measures the distance between two text strings.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @param <R> return type of the edit distance
+ * @since 1.0
+ */
+public interface StringMetric<R> {
+
+    /**
+     * <p>
+     * Compares two strings.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param left the first string
+     * @param right the second string
+     * @return result distance
+     */
+    R compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right);
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e9d478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+/**
+ * <p>Provides algorithms for string similarity.</p>
+ *
+ * @since 1.0
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30b1dfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.FuzzyDistance}.
+ */
+public class TestFuzzyDistance {
+
+    private static FuzzyDistance distance;
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void setUp() {
+        distance = new FuzzyDistance();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetFuzzyDistance() throws Exception {
+        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", Locale.ENGLISH));
+        assertEquals(0,
+                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH));
+        assertEquals(1,
+                (int) distance.compare("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH));
+        assertEquals(1,
+                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH));
+        assertEquals(2,
+                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH));
+        assertEquals(4,
+                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare(
+                "Apache Software Foundation", "asf", Locale.ENGLISH));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullNullNull() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(null, null, null);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringNullLoclae() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(" ", null, Locale.ENGLISH);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullStringLocale() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(null, "clear", Locale.ENGLISH);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringStringNull() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(" ", "clear", null);
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6477de0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.JaroWrinklerDistance}.
+ */
+public class TestJaroWrinklerDistance {
+
+    private static JaroWrinklerDistance distance;
+    
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void setUp() {
+        distance = new JaroWrinklerDistance();
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString() {
+        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("frog", "fog"), 0.0d);
+        assertEquals(0.0d, (double) distance.compare("fly", "ant"), 0.0d);
+        assertEquals(0.44d, (double) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo"), 0.0d);
+        assertEquals(0.91d, (double) distance.compare("ABC Corporation", "ABC Corp"), 0.0d);
+        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("D N H Enterprises Inc", "D & H Enterprises, Inc."), 0.0d);
+        assertEquals(0.94d, (double) distance.compare("My Gym Children's Fitness Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness"), 0.0d);
+        assertEquals(0.9d, (double) distance.compare("PENNSYLVANIA", "PENNCISYLVNIA"), 0.0d);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullNull() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(null, null);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringNull() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(" ", null);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullString() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(null, "clear");
+    }
+    
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7790b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.LevenshteinDistance}.
+ */
+public class TestLevenshteinDistance {
+
+    private static LevenshteinDistance distance;
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void setUp() {
+        distance = new LevenshteinDistance();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringString() {
+        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", ""));
+        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("", "a"));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", ""));
+        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog"));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant"));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo"));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant"));
+        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz"));
+        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo"));
+        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo"));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullString() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare("a", null);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNull() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(null, "a");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringInt() {
+        // empty strings
+        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", 0));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 8));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 7));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 6));
+
+        // unequal strings, zero threshold
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("b", "a", 0));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "b", 0));
+
+        // equal strings
+        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 0));
+        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 2));
+
+        // same length
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 2));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 3));
+
+        // big stripe
+        assertEquals(6, (int) distance.compare("aaaaaa", "b", 10));
+
+        // distance less than threshold
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 8));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 4));
+
+        // distance equal to threshold
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 7));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 3));
+
+        // distance greater than threshold
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 2));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 2));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 6));
+
+        // stripe runs off array, strings not similar
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 1));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 1));
+
+        // stripe runs off array, strings are similar
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("12345", "1234567", 1));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("1234567", "12345", 1));
+
+        // old getLevenshteinDistance test cases
+        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", 1));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant", 3));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 7));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 6));
+        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 7));
+        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 6));
+        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz", 8));
+        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo", 8));
+        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo", 1));
+
+        assertEquals(1,
+                (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertEquals(7,
+                (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertEquals(7,
+                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertEquals(8,
+                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertEquals(8,
+                (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+        assertEquals(1,
+                (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullStringInt() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare(null, "a", 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNullInt() throws Exception {
+        distance.compare("a", null, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringNegativeInt()
+            throws Exception {
+        distance.compare("a", "a", -1);
+    }
+
+}


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Re: commons-text git commit: SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang

Posted by Benedikt Ritter <br...@apache.org>.
Works now! Thanks!

2014-11-27 2:56 GMT+01:00 Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>:

> Hi Benedikt!
> I had a look at some checkstyle issues, and one of them warned me about
> unnecessary parenthesis. Guess I removed one too many parenthesis.
> Can you update your repo and give it a try again, please? Thanks!Bruno
>
>       From: Benedikt Ritter <br...@apache.org>
>  To: Commons Developers List <de...@commons.apache.org>
>  Sent: Wednesday, November 26, 2014 6:00 AM
>  Subject: Re: commons-text git commit: SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String
> algorithms from Commons Lang
>
> Hello Bruno,
>
> when building commons-text I get:
>
>
> testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString(org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestJaroWrinklerDistance)
>  Time elapsed: 0.015 sec  <<< FAILURE!
> java.lang.AssertionError: expected:<0.93> but was:<0.02>
> at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:88)
> at org.junit.Assert.failNotEquals(Assert.java:743)
> at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:494)
> at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:592)
> at
>
> org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestJaroWrinklerDistance.testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString(TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java:38)
>
> Running org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestLevenshteinDistance
> Tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.006 sec -
> in org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestLevenshteinDistance
>
> Results :
>
> Failed tests:
>   TestJaroWrinklerDistance.testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString:38
> expected:<0.93> but was:<0.02>
>
> Tests run: 16, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
>
> can you check?
>
> thanks!
> Benedikt
>
> 2014-11-20 5:54 GMT+01:00 <ki...@apache.org>:
>
> > Repository: commons-text
> > Updated Branches:
> >  refs/heads/master 71b59af90 -> c0e8c0210
> >
> >
> > SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang
> >
> >
> > Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/repo
> > Commit:
> > http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/commit/c0e8c021
> > Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/tree/c0e8c021
> > Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/diff/c0e8c021
> >
> > Branch: refs/heads/master
> > Commit: c0e8c021059d8300f90cf2123528a35d7c468b57
> > Parents: 71b59af
> > Author: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
> > Authored: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
> > Committer: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
> > Committed: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
> >
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> >  .../commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java  | 130 +++++++
> >  .../text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java  | 373 +++++++++++++++++++
> >  .../text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java    | 258 +++++++++++++
> >  .../commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java  |  45 +++
> >  .../commons/text/similarity/package-info.java  |  22 ++
> >  .../text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java      |  75 ++++
> >  .../similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java    |  62 +++
> >  .../similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java    | 146 ++++++++
> >  8 files changed, 1111 insertions(+)
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> > a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> > b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..8e9228a
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +import java.util.Locale;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * <p>
> > + * This string matching algorithm is similar to the algorithms of
> editors
> > such
> > + * as Sublime Text, TextMate, Atom and others. One point is given for
> > every
> > + * matched character. Subsequent matches yield two bonus points. A
> higher
> > score
> > + * indicates a higher similarity.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * @since 1.0
> > + */
> > +public class FuzzyDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score
> > between two
> > +    * Strings. This method uses the default locale.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not
> > be null
> > +    * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must
> > not be
> > +    *            null
> > +    * @return result score
> > +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> > null}
> > +    */
> > +    @Override
> > +    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query) {
> > +        return compare(term, query, Locale.getDefault());
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score
> > between two
> > +    * Strings.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <pre>
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance(null, null, null)
> >                = IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("", "", Locale.ENGLISH)
> >                = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH)
> >                = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH)
> >                = 1
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH)
> >                = 1
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH)
> >                = 2
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH)
> >                = 4
> > +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Apache Software Foundation", "asf",
> > Locale.ENGLISH) = 3
> > +    * </pre>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not
> > be null
> > +    * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must
> > not be
> > +    *            null
> > +    * @param locale This string matching logic is case insensitive. A
> > locale is
> > +    *            necessary to normalize both Strings to lower case.
> > +    * @return result score
> > +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> > null} or
> > +    *            Locale input {@code null}
> > +    */
> > +    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query, Locale
> > locale) {
> > +        if (term == null || query == null) {
> > +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> > null");
> > +        } else if (locale == null) {
> > +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Locale must not be
> null");
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // fuzzy logic is case insensitive. We normalize the Strings to
> > lower
> > +        // case right from the start. Turning characters to lower case
> > +        // via Character.toLowerCase(char) is unfortunately insufficient
> > +        // as it does not accept a locale.
> > +        final String termLowerCase =
> term.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
> > +        final String queryLowerCase =
> > query.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
> > +
> > +        // the resulting score
> > +        int score = 0;
> > +
> > +        // the position in the term which will be scanned next for
> > potential
> > +        // query character matches
> > +        int termIndex = 0;
> > +
> > +        // index of the previously matched character in the term
> > +        int previousMatchingCharacterIndex = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
> > +
> > +        for (int queryIndex = 0; queryIndex < queryLowerCase.length();
> > queryIndex++) {
> > +            final char queryChar = queryLowerCase.charAt(queryIndex);
> > +
> > +            boolean termCharacterMatchFound = false;
> > +            for (; termIndex < termLowerCase.length()
> > +                    && !termCharacterMatchFound; termIndex++) {
> > +                final char termChar = termLowerCase.charAt(termIndex);
> > +
> > +                if (queryChar == termChar) {
> > +                    // simple character matches result in one point
> > +                    score++;
> > +
> > +                    // subsequent character matches further improve
> > +                    // the score.
> > +                    if (previousMatchingCharacterIndex + 1 ==
> termIndex) {
> > +                        score += 2;
> > +                    }
> > +
> > +                    previousMatchingCharacterIndex = termIndex;
> > +
> > +                    // we can leave the nested loop. Every character in
> > the
> > +                    // query can match at most one character in the
> term.
> > +                    termCharacterMatchFound = true;
> > +                }
> > +            }
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        return score;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> >
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> >
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..2dcd51c
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++
> >
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * <p>
> > + * The Jaro measure is the weighted sum of percentage of matched
> > characters
> > + * from each file and transposed characters. Winkler increased this
> > measure
> > + * for matching initial characters.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * <p>
> > + * This implementation is based on the Jaro Winkler similarity algorithm
> > + * from <a href="
> > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance">
> > + * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance</a>.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * <p>
> > + * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * @since 1.0
> > + */
> > +public class JaroWrinklerDistance implements StringMetric<Double> {
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * Represents a failed index search.
> > +    */
> > +    public static final int INDEX_NOT_FOUND = -1;
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Find the Jaro Winkler Distance which indicates the similarity
> score
> > +    * between two Strings.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <pre>
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(null, null)          =
> > IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","")              = 0.0
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","a")              = 0.0
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("aaapppp", "")      = 0.0
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("frog", "fog")      = 0.93
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("fly", "ant")        = 0.0
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 0.44
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 0.44
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 0.0
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 0.88
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("ABC Corporation", "ABC Corp")
> > = 0.91
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("D N H Enterprises Inc", "D
> > & H Enterprises, Inc.") = 0.93
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("My Gym Children's Fitness
> > Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness") = 0.94
> > +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("PENNSYLVANIA",
> > "PENNCISYLVNIA")    = 0.9
> > +    * </pre>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param left the first String, must not be null
> > +    * @param right the second String, must not be null
> > +    * @return result distance
> > +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> > null}
> > +    */
> > +    @Override
> > +    public Double compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
> > +        final double DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR = 0.1;
> > +
> > +        if (left == null || right == null) {
> > +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> > null");
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        final double jaro = score(left, right);
> > +        final int cl = commonPrefixLength(left, right);
> > +        final double matchScore = Math.round(jaro +
> > (DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR
> > +                * cl * (1.0 - jaro)) * 100.0) / 100.0;
> > +
> > +        return matchScore;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    // TODO: we can move these methods to a Util class, keep them here,
> > +    // create a common abstract class, shade lang-3.3...
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * Calculates the number of characters from the beginning of the
> > strings
> > +    * that match exactly one-to-one, up to a maximum of four (4)
> > characters.
> > +    *
> > +    * @param first The first string.
> > +    * @param second The second string.
> > +    * @return A number between 0 and 4.
> > +    */
> > +    private static int commonPrefixLength(final CharSequence first,
> > +            final CharSequence second) {
> > +        final int result = getCommonPrefix(first.toString(),
> > second.toString())
> > +                .length();
> > +
> > +        // Limit the result to 4.
> > +        return result > 4 ? 4 : result;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Compares all Strings in an array and returns the initial sequence
> > of
> > +    * characters that is common to all of them.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * For example,
> > +    * <code>getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a
> > robot"}) -> "i am a "</code>
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <pre>
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(null) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc"}) = "abc"
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", ""}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", null}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = "abc"
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = "a"
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) =
> "ab"
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = ""
> > +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am
> > a robot"}) = "i am a "
> > +    * </pre>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param strs array of String objects, entries may be null
> > +    * @return the initial sequence of characters that are common to all
> > Strings
> > +    *        in the array; empty String if the array is null, the
> > elements are
> > +    *        all null or if there is no common prefix.
> > +    * @since 2.4
> > +    */
> > +    public static String getCommonPrefix(final String... strs) {
> > +        if (strs == null || strs.length == 0) {
> > +            return "";
> > +        }
> > +        final int smallestIndexOfDiff = indexOfDifference(strs);
> > +        if (smallestIndexOfDiff == INDEX_NOT_FOUND) {
> > +            // all strings were identical
> > +            if (strs[0] == null) {
> > +                return "";
> > +            }
> > +            return strs[0];
> > +        } else if (smallestIndexOfDiff == 0) {
> > +            // there were no common initial characters
> > +            return "";
> > +        } else {
> > +            // we found a common initial character sequence
> > +            return strs[0].substring(0, smallestIndexOfDiff);
> > +        }
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * This method returns the Jaro-Winkler score for string matching.
> > +    *
> > +    * @param first the first string to be matched
> > +    * @param second the second string to be machted
> > +    * @return matching score without scaling factor impact
> > +    */
> > +    protected static double score(final CharSequence first,
> > +            final CharSequence second) {
> > +        String shorter;
> > +        String longer;
> > +
> > +        // Determine which String is longer.
> > +        if (first.length() > second.length()) {
> > +            longer = first.toString().toLowerCase();
> > +            shorter = second.toString().toLowerCase();
> > +        } else {
> > +            longer = second.toString().toLowerCase();
> > +            shorter = first.toString().toLowerCase();
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // Calculate the half length() distance of the shorter String.
> > +        final int halflength = shorter.length() / 2 + 1;
> > +
> > +        // Find the set of matching characters between the shorter and
> > longer
> > +        // strings. Note that
> > +        // the set of matching characters may be different depending on
> > the
> > +        // order of the strings.
> > +        final String m1 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(shorter,
> longer,
> > +                halflength);
> > +        final String m2 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(longer,
> shorter,
> > +                halflength);
> > +
> > +        // If one or both of the sets of common characters is empty,
> then
> > +        // there is no similarity between the two strings.
> > +        if (m1.length() == 0 || m2.length() == 0) {
> > +            return 0.0;
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // If the set of common characters is not the same size, then
> > +        // there is no similarity between the two strings, either.
> > +        if (m1.length() != m2.length()) {
> > +            return 0.0;
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // Calculate the number of transposition between the two sets
> > +        // of common characters.
> > +        final int transpositions = transpositions(m1, m2);
> > +
> > +        // Calculate the distance.
> > +        final double dist = (m1.length() / ((double) shorter.length())
> > +                + m2.length() / ((double) longer.length()) +
> (m1.length()
> > - transpositions)
> > +                / ((double) m1.length())) / 3.0;
> > +        return dist;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * Calculates the number of transposition between two strings.
> > +    *
> > +    * @param first The first string.
> > +    * @param second The second string.
> > +    * @return The number of transposition between the two strings.
> > +    */
> > +    protected static int transpositions(final CharSequence first,
> > +            final CharSequence second) {
> > +        int transpositions = 0;
> > +        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
> > +            if (first.charAt(i) != second.charAt(i)) {
> > +                transpositions++;
> > +            }
> > +        }
> > +        return transpositions / 2;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Compares all CharSequences in an array and returns the index at
> > which the
> > +    * CharSequences begin to differ.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * For example,
> > +    * <code>indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a
> > robot"}) -> 7</code>
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <pre>
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(null) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {}) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc"}) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null}) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", ""}) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", null}) = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) =
> 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) =
> 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = 1
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = 2
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = 2
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i
> > am a robot"}) = 7
> > +    * </pre>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param css array of CharSequences, entries may be null
> > +    * @return the index where the strings begin to differ; -1 if they
> > are all
> > +    *        equal
> > +    * @since 2.4
> > +    * @since 3.0 Changed signature from indexOfDifference(String...) to
> > +    *        indexOfDifference(CharSequence...)
> > +    */
> > +    protected static int indexOfDifference(final CharSequence... css) {
> > +        if (css == null || css.length <= 1) {
> > +            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
> > +        }
> > +        boolean anyStringNull = false;
> > +        boolean allStringsNull = true;
> > +        final int arrayLen = css.length;
> > +        int shortestStrLen = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
> > +        int longestStrLen = 0;
> > +
> > +        // find the min and max string lengths; this avoids checking to
> > make
> > +        // sure we are not exceeding the length of the string each time
> > through
> > +        // the bottom loop.
> > +        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLen; i++) {
> > +            if (css[i] == null) {
> > +                anyStringNull = true;
> > +                shortestStrLen = 0;
> > +            } else {
> > +                allStringsNull = false;
> > +                shortestStrLen = Math.min(css[i].length(),
> > shortestStrLen);
> > +                longestStrLen = Math.max(css[i].length(),
> longestStrLen);
> > +            }
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // handle lists containing all nulls or all empty strings
> > +        if (allStringsNull || longestStrLen == 0 && !anyStringNull) {
> > +            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // handle lists containing some nulls or some empty strings
> > +        if (shortestStrLen == 0) {
> > +            return 0;
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // find the position with the first difference across all
> strings
> > +        int firstDiff = -1;
> > +        for (int stringPos = 0; stringPos < shortestStrLen;
> stringPos++) {
> > +            final char comparisonChar = css[0].charAt(stringPos);
> > +            for (int arrayPos = 1; arrayPos < arrayLen; arrayPos++) {
> > +                if (css[arrayPos].charAt(stringPos) != comparisonChar) {
> > +                    firstDiff = stringPos;
> > +                    break;
> > +                }
> > +            }
> > +            if (firstDiff != -1) {
> > +                break;
> > +            }
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        if (firstDiff == -1 && shortestStrLen != longestStrLen) {
> > +            // we compared all of the characters up to the length of the
> > +            // shortest string and didn't find a match, but the string
> > lengths
> > +            // vary, so return the length of the shortest string.
> > +            return shortestStrLen;
> > +        }
> > +        return firstDiff;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * Gets a set of matching characters between two strings.
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Two characters from the first string and the second string are
> > +    * considered matching if the character's respective positions are no
> > +    * farther than the limit value.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param first The first string.
> > +    * @param second The second string.
> > +    * @param limit The maximum distance to consider.
> > +    * @return A string contain the set of common characters.
> > +    */
> > +    protected static String getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(
> > +            final CharSequence first, final CharSequence second, final
> > int limit) {
> > +        final StringBuilder common = new StringBuilder();
> > +        final StringBuilder copy = new StringBuilder(second);
> > +
> > +        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
> > +            final char ch = first.charAt(i);
> > +            boolean found = false;
> > +
> > +            // See if the character is within the limit positions away
> > from the
> > +            // original position of that character.
> > +            for (int j = Math.max(0, i - limit); !found
> > +                    && j < Math.min(i + limit, second.length()); j++) {
> > +                if (copy.charAt(j) == ch) {
> > +                    found = true;
> > +                    common.append(ch);
> > +                    copy.setCharAt(j, '*');
> > +                }
> > +            }
> > +        }
> > +        return common.toString();
> > +    }
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> >
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> >
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..1793f1e
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++
> >
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +import java.util.Arrays;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * <p>
> > + * A string metric for measuring the difference between two sequences.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * <p>
> > + * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * @since 1.0
> > + */
> > +public class LevenshteinDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into
> > another,
> > +    * where each change is a single character modification (deletion,
> > insertion
> > +    * or substitution).
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * The previous implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm
> > was
> > +    * from <a
> > +    * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm">
> > http://www.merriampark.com
> > +    * /ld.htm</a>
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Chas Emerick has written an implementation in Java, which avoids
> an
> > +    * OutOfMemoryError which can occur when my Java implementation is
> > used with
> > +    * very large strings.<br>
> > +    * This implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm is from
> > <a
> > +    * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ldjava.htm">
> > http://www.merriampark.com/
> > +    * ldjava.htm</a>
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <pre>
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *)            =
> > IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null)            =
> > IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","")              = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","a")              = 1
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "")      = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("frog", "fog")      = 1
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("fly", "ant")        = 3
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 8
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 1
> > +    * </pre>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param left the first string, must not be null
> > +    * @param right the second string, must not be null
> > +    * @return result distance
> > +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> > null}
> > +    */
> > +    @Override
> > +    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
> > +        return compare(left, right, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings if it's less
> > than or
> > +    * equal to a given threshold.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into
> > another,
> > +    * where each change is a single character modification (deletion,
> > insertion
> > +    * or substitution).
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * This implementation follows from Algorithms on Strings, Trees and
> > +    * Sequences by Dan Gusfield and Chas Emerick's implementation of the
> > +    * Levenshtein distance algorithm from <a
> > +    * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm"
> > +    * >http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm</a>
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * <pre>
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *, *)            =
> > IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null, *)            =
> > IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, *, -1)              =
> > IllegalArgumentException
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","", 0)              = 0
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 8)      = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 7)      = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 6))      = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 7) = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 6) = -1
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 7) = 7
> > +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 6) = -1
> > +    * </pre>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param left the first string, must not be null
> > +    * @param right the second string, must not be null
> > +    * @param threshold the target threshold, must not be negative
> > +    * @return result distance
> > +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> > null} or
> > +    *            negative threshold
> > +    */
> > +    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right, int
> > threshold) {
> > +        if (left == null || right == null) {
> > +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> > null");
> > +        }
> > +        if (threshold < 0) {
> > +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Threshold must not be
> > negative");
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        /*
> > +        * This implementation only computes the distance if it's less
> > than or
> > +        * equal to the threshold value, returning -1 if it's greater.
> The
> > +        * advantage is performance: unbounded distance is O(nm), but a
> > bound of
> > +        * k allows us to reduce it to O(km) time by only computing a
> > diagonal
> > +        * stripe of width 2k + 1 of the cost table. It is also possible
> > to use
> > +        * this to compute the unbounded Levenshtein distance by starting
> > the
> > +        * threshold at 1 and doubling each time until the distance is
> > found;
> > +        * this is O(dm), where d is the distance.
> > +        *
> > +        * One subtlety comes from needing to ignore entries on the
> > border of
> > +        * our stripe eg. p[] = |#|#|#|* d[] = *|#|#|#| We must ignore
> > the entry
> > +        * to the left of the leftmost member We must ignore the entry
> > above the
> > +        * rightmost member
> > +        *
> > +        * Another subtlety comes from our stripe running off the matrix
> > if the
> > +        * strings aren't of the same size. Since string s is always
> > swapped to
> > +        * be the shorter of the two, the stripe will always run off to
> > the
> > +        * upper right instead of the lower left of the matrix.
> > +        *
> > +        * As a concrete example, suppose s is of length 5, t is of
> > length 7,
> > +        * and our threshold is 1. In this case we're going to walk a
> > stripe of
> > +        * length 3. The matrix would look like so:
> > +        *
> > +        * 1 2 3 4 5 1 |#|#| | | | 2 |#|#|#| | | 3 | |#|#|#| | 4 | |
> > |#|#|#| 5 |
> > +        * | | |#|#| 6 | | | | |#| 7 | | | | | |
> > +        *
> > +        * Note how the stripe leads off the table as there is no
> > possible way
> > +        * to turn a string of length 5 into one of length 7 in edit
> > distance of
> > +        * 1.
> > +        *
> > +        * Additionally, this implementation decreases memory usage by
> > using two
> > +        * single-dimensional arrays and swapping them back and forth
> > instead of
> > +        * allocating an entire n by m matrix. This requires a few minor
> > +        * changes, such as immediately returning when it's detected that
> > the
> > +        * stripe has run off the matrix and initially filling the arrays
> > with
> > +        * large values so that entries we don't compute are ignored.
> > +        *
> > +        * See Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences by Dan Gusfield
> > for
> > +        * some discussion.
> > +        */
> > +
> > +        int n = left.length(); // length of s
> > +        int m = right.length(); // length of t
> > +
> > +        // if one string is empty, the edit distance is necessarily the
> > length
> > +        // of the other
> > +        if (n == 0) {
> > +            return m <= threshold ? m : -1;
> > +        } else if (m == 0) {
> > +            return n <= threshold ? n : -1;
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        if (n > m) {
> > +            // swap the two strings to consume less memory
> > +            final CharSequence tmp = left;
> > +            left = right;
> > +            right = tmp;
> > +            n = m;
> > +            m = right.length();
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        int[] p = new int[n + 1]; // 'previous' cost array, horizontally
> > +        int[] d = new int[n + 1]; // cost array, horizontally
> > +        int[] _d; // placeholder to assist in swapping p and d
> > +
> > +        // fill in starting table values
> > +        final int boundary = Math.min(n, threshold) + 1;
> > +        for (int i = 0; i < boundary; i++) {
> > +            p[i] = i;
> > +        }
> > +        // these fills ensure that the value above the rightmost entry
> of
> > our
> > +        // stripe will be ignored in following loop iterations
> > +        Arrays.fill(p, boundary, p.length, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> > +        Arrays.fill(d, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> > +
> > +        // iterates through t
> > +        for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
> > +            final char t_j = right.charAt(j - 1); // jth character of t
> > +            d[0] = j;
> > +
> > +            // compute stripe indices, constrain to array size
> > +            final int min = Math.max(1, j - threshold);
> > +            final int max = j > Integer.MAX_VALUE - threshold ? n :
> > Math.min(
> > +                    n, j + threshold);
> > +
> > +            // the stripe may lead off of the table if s and t are of
> > different
> > +            // sizes
> > +            if (min > max) {
> > +                return -1;
> > +            }
> > +
> > +            // ignore entry left of leftmost
> > +            if (min > 1) {
> > +                d[min - 1] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
> > +            }
> > +
> > +            // iterates through [min, max] in s
> > +            for (int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
> > +                if (left.charAt(i - 1) == t_j) {
> > +                    // diagonally left and up
> > +                    d[i] = p[i - 1];
> > +                } else {
> > +                    // 1 + minimum of cell to the left, to the top,
> > diagonally
> > +                    // left and up
> > +                    d[i] = 1 + Math.min(Math.min(d[i - 1], p[i]), p[i -
> > 1]);
> > +                }
> > +            }
> > +
> > +            // copy current distance counts to 'previous row' distance
> > counts
> > +            _d = p;
> > +            p = d;
> > +            d = _d;
> > +        }
> > +
> > +        // if p[n] is greater than the threshold, there's no guarantee
> on
> > it
> > +        // being the correct
> > +        // distance
> > +        if (p[n] <= threshold) {
> > +            return p[n];
> > +        }
> > +        return -1;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> > a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> > b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..6765bbd
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * <p>
> > + * Marker interface for <a
> > + * href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_metric'>String Metrics</a>
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * <p>
> > + * A string metric measures the distance between two text strings.
> > + * </p>
> > + *
> > + * @param <R> return type of the edit distance
> > + * @since 1.0
> > + */
> > +public interface StringMetric<R> {
> > +
> > +    /**
> > +    * <p>
> > +    * Compares two strings.
> > +    * </p>
> > +    *
> > +    * @param left the first string
> > +    * @param right the second string
> > +    * @return result distance
> > +    */
> > +    R compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right);
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> > a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> > b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..8e9d478
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +/**
> > + * <p>Provides algorithms for string similarity.</p>
> > + *
> > + * @since 1.0
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> > a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> > b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..30b1dfc
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++
> > b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> > +
> > +import java.util.Locale;
> > +
> > +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> > +import org.junit.Test;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.FuzzyDistance}.
> > + */
> > +public class TestFuzzyDistance {
> > +
> > +    private static FuzzyDistance distance;
> > +
> > +    @BeforeClass
> > +    public static void setUp() {
> > +        distance = new FuzzyDistance();
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test
> > +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance() throws Exception {
> > +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +        assertEquals(0,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "b",
> Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +        assertEquals(1,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +        assertEquals(1,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "w",
> Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +        assertEquals(2,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "ws",
> Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +        assertEquals(4,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "wo",
> Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare(
> > +                "Apache Software Foundation", "asf", Locale.ENGLISH));
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullNullNull() throws Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(null, null, null);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringNullLoclae() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(" ", null, Locale.ENGLISH);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullStringLocale() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(null, "clear", Locale.ENGLISH);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringStringNull() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(" ", "clear", null);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> >
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> >
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..6477de0
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++
> >
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> > +
> > +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> > +import org.junit.Test;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.JaroWrinklerDistance}.
> > + */
> > +public class TestJaroWrinklerDistance {
> > +
> > +    private static JaroWrinklerDistance distance;
> > +
> > +    @BeforeClass
> > +    public static void setUp() {
> > +        distance = new JaroWrinklerDistance();
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test
> > +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString() {
> > +        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("frog", "fog"),
> > 0.0d);
> > +        assertEquals(0.0d, (double) distance.compare("fly", "ant"),
> 0.0d);
> > +        assertEquals(0.44d, (double) distance.compare("elephant",
> > "hippo"), 0.0d);
> > +        assertEquals(0.91d, (double) distance.compare("ABC Corporation",
> > "ABC Corp"), 0.0d);
> > +        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("D N H Enterprises
> > Inc", "D & H Enterprises, Inc."), 0.0d);
> > +        assertEquals(0.94d, (double) distance.compare("My Gym Children's
> > Fitness Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness"), 0.0d);
> > +        assertEquals(0.9d, (double) distance.compare("PENNSYLVANIA",
> > "PENNCISYLVNIA"), 0.0d);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullNull() throws Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(null, null);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringNull() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(" ", null);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullString() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(null, "clear");
> > +    }
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> >
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > diff --git
> >
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> >
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 0000000..7790b05
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++
> >
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> > @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
> > +/*
> > + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> > + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> > + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> > + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version
> 2.0
> > + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> > + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> > + *
> > + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> > + *
> > + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> > + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> > + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> > implied.
> > + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> > + * limitations under the License.
> > + */
> > +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> > +
> > +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> > +
> > +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> > +import org.junit.Test;
> > +
> > +/**
> > + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.LevenshteinDistance}.
> > + */
> > +public class TestLevenshteinDistance {
> > +
> > +    private static LevenshteinDistance distance;
> > +
> > +    @BeforeClass
> > +    public static void setUp() {
> > +        distance = new LevenshteinDistance();
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringString() {
> > +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", ""));
> > +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("", "a"));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", ""));
> > +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog"));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant"));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo"));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant"));
> > +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz"));
> > +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo"));
> > +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo"));
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullString() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare("a", null);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNull() throws
> Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(null, "a");
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringInt() {
> > +        // empty strings
> > +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", 0));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 8));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 7));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 6));
> > +
> > +        // unequal strings, zero threshold
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("b", "a", 0));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "b", 0));
> > +
> > +        // equal strings
> > +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 0));
> > +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 2));
> > +
> > +        // same length
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 2));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 3));
> > +
> > +        // big stripe
> > +        assertEquals(6, (int) distance.compare("aaaaaa", "b", 10));
> > +
> > +        // distance less than threshold
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 8));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 4));
> > +
> > +        // distance equal to threshold
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 7));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 3));
> > +
> > +        // distance greater than threshold
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 2));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 2));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 6));
> > +
> > +        // stripe runs off array, strings not similar
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 1));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 1));
> > +
> > +        // stripe runs off array, strings are similar
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("12345", "1234567", 1));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("1234567", "12345", 1));
> > +
> > +        // old getLevenshteinDistance test cases
> > +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", 1));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant", 3));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 7));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo",
> 6));
> > +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 7));
> > +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant",
> 6));
> > +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz", 8));
> > +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo", 8));
> > +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo", 1));
> > +
> > +        assertEquals(1,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant",
> > Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +        assertEquals(7,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo",
> > Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +        assertEquals(7,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant",
> > Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +        assertEquals(8,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz",
> > Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +        assertEquals(8,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo",
> > Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +        assertEquals(1,
> > +                (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo",
> > Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullStringInt() throws
> > Exception {
> > +        distance.compare(null, "a", 0);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNullInt() throws
> > Exception {
> > +        distance.compare("a", null, 0);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> > +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringNegativeInt()
> > +            throws Exception {
> > +        distance.compare("a", "a", -1);
> > +    }
> > +
> > +}
> >
> >
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> > To unsubscribe, e-mail: dev-unsubscribe@commons.apache.org
> > For additional commands, e-mail: dev-help@commons.apache.org
> >
> >
>
>
> --
> http://people.apache.org/~britter/
> http://www.systemoutprintln.de/
> http://twitter.com/BenediktRitter
> http://github.com/britter
>
>
>
>


-- 
http://people.apache.org/~britter/
http://www.systemoutprintln.de/
http://twitter.com/BenediktRitter
http://github.com/britter

Re: commons-text git commit: SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang

Posted by "Bruno P. Kinoshita" <br...@yahoo.com.br>.
Hi Benedikt!
I had a look at some checkstyle issues, and one of them warned me about unnecessary parenthesis. Guess I removed one too many parenthesis.
Can you update your repo and give it a try again, please? Thanks!Bruno
 
      From: Benedikt Ritter <br...@apache.org>
 To: Commons Developers List <de...@commons.apache.org> 
 Sent: Wednesday, November 26, 2014 6:00 AM
 Subject: Re: commons-text git commit: SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang
   
Hello Bruno,

when building commons-text I get:

testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString(org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestJaroWrinklerDistance)
 Time elapsed: 0.015 sec  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.AssertionError: expected:<0.93> but was:<0.02>
at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:88)
at org.junit.Assert.failNotEquals(Assert.java:743)
at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:494)
at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:592)
at
org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestJaroWrinklerDistance.testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString(TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java:38)

Running org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestLevenshteinDistance
Tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.006 sec -
in org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestLevenshteinDistance

Results :

Failed tests:
  TestJaroWrinklerDistance.testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString:38
expected:<0.93> but was:<0.02>

Tests run: 16, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

can you check?

thanks!
Benedikt

2014-11-20 5:54 GMT+01:00 <ki...@apache.org>:

> Repository: commons-text
> Updated Branches:
>  refs/heads/master 71b59af90 -> c0e8c0210
>
>
> SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang
>
>
> Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/repo
> Commit:
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/commit/c0e8c021
> Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/tree/c0e8c021
> Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/diff/c0e8c021
>
> Branch: refs/heads/master
> Commit: c0e8c021059d8300f90cf2123528a35d7c468b57
> Parents: 71b59af
> Author: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
> Authored: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
> Committer: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
> Committed: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>  .../commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java  | 130 +++++++
>  .../text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java  | 373 +++++++++++++++++++
>  .../text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java    | 258 +++++++++++++
>  .../commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java  |  45 +++
>  .../commons/text/similarity/package-info.java  |  22 ++
>  .../text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java      |  75 ++++
>  .../similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java    |  62 +++
>  .../similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java    | 146 ++++++++
>  8 files changed, 1111 insertions(+)
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..8e9228a
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import java.util.Locale;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * This string matching algorithm is similar to the algorithms of editors
> such
> + * as Sublime Text, TextMate, Atom and others. One point is given for
> every
> + * matched character. Subsequent matches yield two bonus points. A higher
> score
> + * indicates a higher similarity.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public class FuzzyDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score
> between two
> +    * Strings. This method uses the default locale.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not
> be null
> +    * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must
> not be
> +    *            null
> +    * @return result score
> +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null}
> +    */
> +    @Override
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query) {
> +        return compare(term, query, Locale.getDefault());
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score
> between two
> +    * Strings.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <pre>
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance(null, null, null)
>                = IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("", "", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 0
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 0
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 1
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 1
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 2
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 4
> +    * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Apache Software Foundation", "asf",
> Locale.ENGLISH) = 3
> +    * </pre>
> +    *
> +    * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not
> be null
> +    * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must
> not be
> +    *            null
> +    * @param locale This string matching logic is case insensitive. A
> locale is
> +    *            necessary to normalize both Strings to lower case.
> +    * @return result score
> +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null} or
> +    *            Locale input {@code null}
> +    */
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query, Locale
> locale) {
> +        if (term == null || query == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> null");
> +        } else if (locale == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Locale must not be null");
> +        }
> +
> +        // fuzzy logic is case insensitive. We normalize the Strings to
> lower
> +        // case right from the start. Turning characters to lower case
> +        // via Character.toLowerCase(char) is unfortunately insufficient
> +        // as it does not accept a locale.
> +        final String termLowerCase = term.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
> +        final String queryLowerCase =
> query.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
> +
> +        // the resulting score
> +        int score = 0;
> +
> +        // the position in the term which will be scanned next for
> potential
> +        // query character matches
> +        int termIndex = 0;
> +
> +        // index of the previously matched character in the term
> +        int previousMatchingCharacterIndex = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
> +
> +        for (int queryIndex = 0; queryIndex < queryLowerCase.length();
> queryIndex++) {
> +            final char queryChar = queryLowerCase.charAt(queryIndex);
> +
> +            boolean termCharacterMatchFound = false;
> +            for (; termIndex < termLowerCase.length()
> +                    && !termCharacterMatchFound; termIndex++) {
> +                final char termChar = termLowerCase.charAt(termIndex);
> +
> +                if (queryChar == termChar) {
> +                    // simple character matches result in one point
> +                    score++;
> +
> +                    // subsequent character matches further improve
> +                    // the score.
> +                    if (previousMatchingCharacterIndex + 1 == termIndex) {
> +                        score += 2;
> +                    }
> +
> +                    previousMatchingCharacterIndex = termIndex;
> +
> +                    // we can leave the nested loop. Every character in
> the
> +                    // query can match at most one character in the term.
> +                    termCharacterMatchFound = true;
> +                }
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        return score;
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..2dcd51c
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * The Jaro measure is the weighted sum of percentage of matched
> characters
> + * from each file and transposed characters. Winkler increased this
> measure
> + * for matching initial characters.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * This implementation is based on the Jaro Winkler similarity algorithm
> + * from <a href="
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance">
> + * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance</a>.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public class JaroWrinklerDistance implements StringMetric<Double> {
> +
> +    /**
> +    * Represents a failed index search.
> +    */
> +    public static final int INDEX_NOT_FOUND = -1;
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Find the Jaro Winkler Distance which indicates the similarity score
> +    * between two Strings.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <pre>
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(null, null)          =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","")              = 0.0
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","a")              = 0.0
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("aaapppp", "")      = 0.0
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("frog", "fog")      = 0.93
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("fly", "ant")        = 0.0
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 0.44
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 0.44
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 0.0
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 0.88
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("ABC Corporation", "ABC Corp")
> = 0.91
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("D N H Enterprises Inc", "D
> &amp; H Enterprises, Inc.") = 0.93
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("My Gym Children's Fitness
> Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness") = 0.94
> +    * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("PENNSYLVANIA",
> "PENNCISYLVNIA")    = 0.9
> +    * </pre>
> +    *
> +    * @param left the first String, must not be null
> +    * @param right the second String, must not be null
> +    * @return result distance
> +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null}
> +    */
> +    @Override
> +    public Double compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
> +        final double DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR = 0.1;
> +
> +        if (left == null || right == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> null");
> +        }
> +
> +        final double jaro = score(left, right);
> +        final int cl = commonPrefixLength(left, right);
> +        final double matchScore = Math.round(jaro +
> (DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR
> +                * cl * (1.0 - jaro)) * 100.0) / 100.0;
> +
> +        return matchScore;
> +    }
> +
> +    // TODO: we can move these methods to a Util class, keep them here,
> +    // create a common abstract class, shade lang-3.3...
> +
> +    /**
> +    * Calculates the number of characters from the beginning of the
> strings
> +    * that match exactly one-to-one, up to a maximum of four (4)
> characters.
> +    *
> +    * @param first The first string.
> +    * @param second The second string.
> +    * @return A number between 0 and 4.
> +    */
> +    private static int commonPrefixLength(final CharSequence first,
> +            final CharSequence second) {
> +        final int result = getCommonPrefix(first.toString(),
> second.toString())
> +                .length();
> +
> +        // Limit the result to 4.
> +        return result > 4 ? 4 : result;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Compares all Strings in an array and returns the initial sequence
> of
> +    * characters that is common to all of them.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * For example,
> +    * <code>getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a
> robot"}) -&gt; "i am a "</code>
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <pre>
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(null) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc"}) = "abc"
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", ""}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", null}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = "abc"
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = "a"
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = ""
> +    * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am
> a robot"}) = "i am a "
> +    * </pre>
> +    *
> +    * @param strs array of String objects, entries may be null
> +    * @return the initial sequence of characters that are common to all
> Strings
> +    *        in the array; empty String if the array is null, the
> elements are
> +    *        all null or if there is no common prefix.
> +    * @since 2.4
> +    */
> +    public static String getCommonPrefix(final String... strs) {
> +        if (strs == null || strs.length == 0) {
> +            return "";
> +        }
> +        final int smallestIndexOfDiff = indexOfDifference(strs);
> +        if (smallestIndexOfDiff == INDEX_NOT_FOUND) {
> +            // all strings were identical
> +            if (strs[0] == null) {
> +                return "";
> +            }
> +            return strs[0];
> +        } else if (smallestIndexOfDiff == 0) {
> +            // there were no common initial characters
> +            return "";
> +        } else {
> +            // we found a common initial character sequence
> +            return strs[0].substring(0, smallestIndexOfDiff);
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * This method returns the Jaro-Winkler score for string matching.
> +    *
> +    * @param first the first string to be matched
> +    * @param second the second string to be machted
> +    * @return matching score without scaling factor impact
> +    */
> +    protected static double score(final CharSequence first,
> +            final CharSequence second) {
> +        String shorter;
> +        String longer;
> +
> +        // Determine which String is longer.
> +        if (first.length() > second.length()) {
> +            longer = first.toString().toLowerCase();
> +            shorter = second.toString().toLowerCase();
> +        } else {
> +            longer = second.toString().toLowerCase();
> +            shorter = first.toString().toLowerCase();
> +        }
> +
> +        // Calculate the half length() distance of the shorter String.
> +        final int halflength = shorter.length() / 2 + 1;
> +
> +        // Find the set of matching characters between the shorter and
> longer
> +        // strings. Note that
> +        // the set of matching characters may be different depending on
> the
> +        // order of the strings.
> +        final String m1 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(shorter, longer,
> +                halflength);
> +        final String m2 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(longer, shorter,
> +                halflength);
> +
> +        // If one or both of the sets of common characters is empty, then
> +        // there is no similarity between the two strings.
> +        if (m1.length() == 0 || m2.length() == 0) {
> +            return 0.0;
> +        }
> +
> +        // If the set of common characters is not the same size, then
> +        // there is no similarity between the two strings, either.
> +        if (m1.length() != m2.length()) {
> +            return 0.0;
> +        }
> +
> +        // Calculate the number of transposition between the two sets
> +        // of common characters.
> +        final int transpositions = transpositions(m1, m2);
> +
> +        // Calculate the distance.
> +        final double dist = (m1.length() / ((double) shorter.length())
> +                + m2.length() / ((double) longer.length()) + (m1.length()
> - transpositions)
> +                / ((double) m1.length())) / 3.0;
> +        return dist;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * Calculates the number of transposition between two strings.
> +    *
> +    * @param first The first string.
> +    * @param second The second string.
> +    * @return The number of transposition between the two strings.
> +    */
> +    protected static int transpositions(final CharSequence first,
> +            final CharSequence second) {
> +        int transpositions = 0;
> +        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
> +            if (first.charAt(i) != second.charAt(i)) {
> +                transpositions++;
> +            }
> +        }
> +        return transpositions / 2;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Compares all CharSequences in an array and returns the index at
> which the
> +    * CharSequences begin to differ.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * For example,
> +    * <code>indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a
> robot"}) -&gt; 7</code>
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <pre>
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(null) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {}) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc"}) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null}) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", ""}) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", null}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = 1
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = 2
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = 2
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = 0
> +    * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i
> am a robot"}) = 7
> +    * </pre>
> +    *
> +    * @param css array of CharSequences, entries may be null
> +    * @return the index where the strings begin to differ; -1 if they
> are all
> +    *        equal
> +    * @since 2.4
> +    * @since 3.0 Changed signature from indexOfDifference(String...) to
> +    *        indexOfDifference(CharSequence...)
> +    */
> +    protected static int indexOfDifference(final CharSequence... css) {
> +        if (css == null || css.length <= 1) {
> +            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
> +        }
> +        boolean anyStringNull = false;
> +        boolean allStringsNull = true;
> +        final int arrayLen = css.length;
> +        int shortestStrLen = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
> +        int longestStrLen = 0;
> +
> +        // find the min and max string lengths; this avoids checking to
> make
> +        // sure we are not exceeding the length of the string each time
> through
> +        // the bottom loop.
> +        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLen; i++) {
> +            if (css[i] == null) {
> +                anyStringNull = true;
> +                shortestStrLen = 0;
> +            } else {
> +                allStringsNull = false;
> +                shortestStrLen = Math.min(css[i].length(),
> shortestStrLen);
> +                longestStrLen = Math.max(css[i].length(), longestStrLen);
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        // handle lists containing all nulls or all empty strings
> +        if (allStringsNull || longestStrLen == 0 && !anyStringNull) {
> +            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
> +        }
> +
> +        // handle lists containing some nulls or some empty strings
> +        if (shortestStrLen == 0) {
> +            return 0;
> +        }
> +
> +        // find the position with the first difference across all strings
> +        int firstDiff = -1;
> +        for (int stringPos = 0; stringPos < shortestStrLen; stringPos++) {
> +            final char comparisonChar = css[0].charAt(stringPos);
> +            for (int arrayPos = 1; arrayPos < arrayLen; arrayPos++) {
> +                if (css[arrayPos].charAt(stringPos) != comparisonChar) {
> +                    firstDiff = stringPos;
> +                    break;
> +                }
> +            }
> +            if (firstDiff != -1) {
> +                break;
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        if (firstDiff == -1 && shortestStrLen != longestStrLen) {
> +            // we compared all of the characters up to the length of the
> +            // shortest string and didn't find a match, but the string
> lengths
> +            // vary, so return the length of the shortest string.
> +            return shortestStrLen;
> +        }
> +        return firstDiff;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * Gets a set of matching characters between two strings.
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * Two characters from the first string and the second string are
> +    * considered matching if the character's respective positions are no
> +    * farther than the limit value.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * @param first The first string.
> +    * @param second The second string.
> +    * @param limit The maximum distance to consider.
> +    * @return A string contain the set of common characters.
> +    */
> +    protected static String getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(
> +            final CharSequence first, final CharSequence second, final
> int limit) {
> +        final StringBuilder common = new StringBuilder();
> +        final StringBuilder copy = new StringBuilder(second);
> +
> +        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
> +            final char ch = first.charAt(i);
> +            boolean found = false;
> +
> +            // See if the character is within the limit positions away
> from the
> +            // original position of that character.
> +            for (int j = Math.max(0, i - limit); !found
> +                    && j < Math.min(i + limit, second.length()); j++) {
> +                if (copy.charAt(j) == ch) {
> +                    found = true;
> +                    common.append(ch);
> +                    copy.setCharAt(j, '*');
> +                }
> +            }
> +        }
> +        return common.toString();
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..1793f1e
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import java.util.Arrays;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * A string metric for measuring the difference between two sequences.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public class LevenshteinDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into
> another,
> +    * where each change is a single character modification (deletion,
> insertion
> +    * or substitution).
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * The previous implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm
> was
> +    * from <a
> +    * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm">
> http://www.merriampark.com
> +    * /ld.htm</a>
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * Chas Emerick has written an implementation in Java, which avoids an
> +    * OutOfMemoryError which can occur when my Java implementation is
> used with
> +    * very large strings.<br>
> +    * This implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm is from
> <a
> +    * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ldjava.htm">
> http://www.merriampark.com/
> +    * ldjava.htm</a>
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <pre>
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *)            =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null)            =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","")              = 0
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","a")              = 1
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "")      = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("frog", "fog")      = 1
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("fly", "ant")        = 3
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 8
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 1
> +    * </pre>
> +    *
> +    * @param left the first string, must not be null
> +    * @param right the second string, must not be null
> +    * @return result distance
> +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null}
> +    */
> +    @Override
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
> +        return compare(left, right, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings if it's less
> than or
> +    * equal to a given threshold.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into
> another,
> +    * where each change is a single character modification (deletion,
> insertion
> +    * or substitution).
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <p>
> +    * This implementation follows from Algorithms on Strings, Trees and
> +    * Sequences by Dan Gusfield and Chas Emerick's implementation of the
> +    * Levenshtein distance algorithm from <a
> +    * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm"
> +    * >http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm</a>
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * <pre>
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *, *)            =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null, *)            =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, *, -1)              =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","", 0)              = 0
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 8)      = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 7)      = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 6))      = -1
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 7) = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 6) = -1
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 7) = 7
> +    * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 6) = -1
> +    * </pre>
> +    *
> +    * @param left the first string, must not be null
> +    * @param right the second string, must not be null
> +    * @param threshold the target threshold, must not be negative
> +    * @return result distance
> +    * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null} or
> +    *            negative threshold
> +    */
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right, int
> threshold) {
> +        if (left == null || right == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> null");
> +        }
> +        if (threshold < 0) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Threshold must not be
> negative");
> +        }
> +
> +        /*
> +        * This implementation only computes the distance if it's less
> than or
> +        * equal to the threshold value, returning -1 if it's greater. The
> +        * advantage is performance: unbounded distance is O(nm), but a
> bound of
> +        * k allows us to reduce it to O(km) time by only computing a
> diagonal
> +        * stripe of width 2k + 1 of the cost table. It is also possible
> to use
> +        * this to compute the unbounded Levenshtein distance by starting
> the
> +        * threshold at 1 and doubling each time until the distance is
> found;
> +        * this is O(dm), where d is the distance.
> +        *
> +        * One subtlety comes from needing to ignore entries on the
> border of
> +        * our stripe eg. p[] = |#|#|#|* d[] = *|#|#|#| We must ignore
> the entry
> +        * to the left of the leftmost member We must ignore the entry
> above the
> +        * rightmost member
> +        *
> +        * Another subtlety comes from our stripe running off the matrix
> if the
> +        * strings aren't of the same size. Since string s is always
> swapped to
> +        * be the shorter of the two, the stripe will always run off to
> the
> +        * upper right instead of the lower left of the matrix.
> +        *
> +        * As a concrete example, suppose s is of length 5, t is of
> length 7,
> +        * and our threshold is 1. In this case we're going to walk a
> stripe of
> +        * length 3. The matrix would look like so:
> +        *
> +        * 1 2 3 4 5 1 |#|#| | | | 2 |#|#|#| | | 3 | |#|#|#| | 4 | |
> |#|#|#| 5 |
> +        * | | |#|#| 6 | | | | |#| 7 | | | | | |
> +        *
> +        * Note how the stripe leads off the table as there is no
> possible way
> +        * to turn a string of length 5 into one of length 7 in edit
> distance of
> +        * 1.
> +        *
> +        * Additionally, this implementation decreases memory usage by
> using two
> +        * single-dimensional arrays and swapping them back and forth
> instead of
> +        * allocating an entire n by m matrix. This requires a few minor
> +        * changes, such as immediately returning when it's detected that
> the
> +        * stripe has run off the matrix and initially filling the arrays
> with
> +        * large values so that entries we don't compute are ignored.
> +        *
> +        * See Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences by Dan Gusfield
> for
> +        * some discussion.
> +        */
> +
> +        int n = left.length(); // length of s
> +        int m = right.length(); // length of t
> +
> +        // if one string is empty, the edit distance is necessarily the
> length
> +        // of the other
> +        if (n == 0) {
> +            return m <= threshold ? m : -1;
> +        } else if (m == 0) {
> +            return n <= threshold ? n : -1;
> +        }
> +
> +        if (n > m) {
> +            // swap the two strings to consume less memory
> +            final CharSequence tmp = left;
> +            left = right;
> +            right = tmp;
> +            n = m;
> +            m = right.length();
> +        }
> +
> +        int[] p = new int[n + 1]; // 'previous' cost array, horizontally
> +        int[] d = new int[n + 1]; // cost array, horizontally
> +        int[] _d; // placeholder to assist in swapping p and d
> +
> +        // fill in starting table values
> +        final int boundary = Math.min(n, threshold) + 1;
> +        for (int i = 0; i < boundary; i++) {
> +            p[i] = i;
> +        }
> +        // these fills ensure that the value above the rightmost entry of
> our
> +        // stripe will be ignored in following loop iterations
> +        Arrays.fill(p, boundary, p.length, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> +        Arrays.fill(d, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> +
> +        // iterates through t
> +        for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
> +            final char t_j = right.charAt(j - 1); // jth character of t
> +            d[0] = j;
> +
> +            // compute stripe indices, constrain to array size
> +            final int min = Math.max(1, j - threshold);
> +            final int max = j > Integer.MAX_VALUE - threshold ? n :
> Math.min(
> +                    n, j + threshold);
> +
> +            // the stripe may lead off of the table if s and t are of
> different
> +            // sizes
> +            if (min > max) {
> +                return -1;
> +            }
> +
> +            // ignore entry left of leftmost
> +            if (min > 1) {
> +                d[min - 1] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
> +            }
> +
> +            // iterates through [min, max] in s
> +            for (int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
> +                if (left.charAt(i - 1) == t_j) {
> +                    // diagonally left and up
> +                    d[i] = p[i - 1];
> +                } else {
> +                    // 1 + minimum of cell to the left, to the top,
> diagonally
> +                    // left and up
> +                    d[i] = 1 + Math.min(Math.min(d[i - 1], p[i]), p[i -
> 1]);
> +                }
> +            }
> +
> +            // copy current distance counts to 'previous row' distance
> counts
> +            _d = p;
> +            p = d;
> +            d = _d;
> +        }
> +
> +        // if p[n] is greater than the threshold, there's no guarantee on
> it
> +        // being the correct
> +        // distance
> +        if (p[n] <= threshold) {
> +            return p[n];
> +        }
> +        return -1;
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..6765bbd
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * Marker interface for <a
> + * href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_metric'>String Metrics</a>
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * A string metric measures the distance between two text strings.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @param <R> return type of the edit distance
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public interface StringMetric<R> {
> +
> +    /**
> +    * <p>
> +    * Compares two strings.
> +    * </p>
> +    *
> +    * @param left the first string
> +    * @param right the second string
> +    * @return result distance
> +    */
> +    R compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right);
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..8e9d478
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +/**
> + * <p>Provides algorithms for string similarity.</p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..30b1dfc
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> +
> +import java.util.Locale;
> +
> +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> +import org.junit.Test;
> +
> +/**
> + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.FuzzyDistance}.
> + */
> +public class TestFuzzyDistance {
> +
> +    private static FuzzyDistance distance;
> +
> +    @BeforeClass
> +    public static void setUp() {
> +        distance = new FuzzyDistance();
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance() throws Exception {
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(0,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(2,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(4,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare(
> +                "Apache Software Foundation", "asf", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullNullNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, null, null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringNullLoclae() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(" ", null, Locale.ENGLISH);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullStringLocale() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "clear", Locale.ENGLISH);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringStringNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(" ", "clear", null);
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..6477de0
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> +
> +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> +import org.junit.Test;
> +
> +/**
> + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.JaroWrinklerDistance}.
> + */
> +public class TestJaroWrinklerDistance {
> +
> +    private static JaroWrinklerDistance distance;
> +
> +    @BeforeClass
> +    public static void setUp() {
> +        distance = new JaroWrinklerDistance();
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString() {
> +        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("frog", "fog"),
> 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.0d, (double) distance.compare("fly", "ant"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.44d, (double) distance.compare("elephant",
> "hippo"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.91d, (double) distance.compare("ABC Corporation",
> "ABC Corp"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("D N H Enterprises
> Inc", "D & H Enterprises, Inc."), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.94d, (double) distance.compare("My Gym Children's
> Fitness Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.9d, (double) distance.compare("PENNSYLVANIA",
> "PENNCISYLVNIA"), 0.0d);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(" ", null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullString() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "clear");
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..7790b05
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> +
> +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> +import org.junit.Test;
> +
> +/**
> + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.LevenshteinDistance}.
> + */
> +public class TestLevenshteinDistance {
> +
> +    private static LevenshteinDistance distance;
> +
> +    @BeforeClass
> +    public static void setUp() {
> +        distance = new LevenshteinDistance();
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringString() {
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", ""));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("", "a"));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", ""));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog"));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant"));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo"));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant"));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz"));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo"));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo"));
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullString() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare("a", null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "a");
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringInt() {
> +        // empty strings
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", 0));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 8));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 7));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 6));
> +
> +        // unequal strings, zero threshold
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("b", "a", 0));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "b", 0));
> +
> +        // equal strings
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 0));
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 2));
> +
> +        // same length
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 2));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 3));
> +
> +        // big stripe
> +        assertEquals(6, (int) distance.compare("aaaaaa", "b", 10));
> +
> +        // distance less than threshold
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 8));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 4));
> +
> +        // distance equal to threshold
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 7));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 3));
> +
> +        // distance greater than threshold
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 2));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 2));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 6));
> +
> +        // stripe runs off array, strings not similar
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 1));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 1));
> +
> +        // stripe runs off array, strings are similar
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("12345", "1234567", 1));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("1234567", "12345", 1));
> +
> +        // old getLevenshteinDistance test cases
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", 1));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant", 3));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 7));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 6));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 7));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 6));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz", 8));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo", 8));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo", 1));
> +
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(7,
> +                (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(7,
> +                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(8,
> +                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(8,
> +                (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullStringInt() throws
> Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "a", 0);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNullInt() throws
> Exception {
> +        distance.compare("a", null, 0);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringNegativeInt()
> +            throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare("a", "a", -1);
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> To unsubscribe, e-mail: dev-unsubscribe@commons.apache.org
> For additional commands, e-mail: dev-help@commons.apache.org
>
>


-- 
http://people.apache.org/~britter/
http://www.systemoutprintln.de/
http://twitter.com/BenediktRitter
http://github.com/britter


   

Re: commons-text git commit: SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang

Posted by Benedikt Ritter <br...@apache.org>.
Hello Bruno,

when building commons-text I get:

testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString(org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestJaroWrinklerDistance)
 Time elapsed: 0.015 sec  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.AssertionError: expected:<0.93> but was:<0.02>
at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:88)
at org.junit.Assert.failNotEquals(Assert.java:743)
at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:494)
at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:592)
at
org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestJaroWrinklerDistance.testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString(TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java:38)

Running org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestLevenshteinDistance
Tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.006 sec -
in org.apache.commons.text.similarity.TestLevenshteinDistance

Results :

Failed tests:
  TestJaroWrinklerDistance.testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString:38
expected:<0.93> but was:<0.02>

Tests run: 16, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

can you check?

thanks!
Benedikt

2014-11-20 5:54 GMT+01:00 <ki...@apache.org>:

> Repository: commons-text
> Updated Branches:
>   refs/heads/master 71b59af90 -> c0e8c0210
>
>
> SANDBOX-483 Incorporate String algorithms from Commons Lang
>
>
> Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/repo
> Commit:
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/commit/c0e8c021
> Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/tree/c0e8c021
> Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/diff/c0e8c021
>
> Branch: refs/heads/master
> Commit: c0e8c021059d8300f90cf2123528a35d7c468b57
> Parents: 71b59af
> Author: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
> Authored: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
> Committer: Bruno P. Kinoshita <br...@yahoo.com.br>
> Committed: Thu Nov 20 02:23:05 2014 -0200
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>  .../commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java  | 130 +++++++
>  .../text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java   | 373 +++++++++++++++++++
>  .../text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java    | 258 +++++++++++++
>  .../commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java   |  45 +++
>  .../commons/text/similarity/package-info.java   |  22 ++
>  .../text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java      |  75 ++++
>  .../similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java    |  62 +++
>  .../similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java     | 146 ++++++++
>  8 files changed, 1111 insertions(+)
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..8e9228a
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/FuzzyDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import java.util.Locale;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * This string matching algorithm is similar to the algorithms of editors
> such
> + * as Sublime Text, TextMate, Atom and others. One point is given for
> every
> + * matched character. Subsequent matches yield two bonus points. A higher
> score
> + * indicates a higher similarity.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public class FuzzyDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score
> between two
> +     * Strings. This method uses the default locale.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not
> be null
> +     * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must
> not be
> +     *            null
> +     * @return result score
> +     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null}
> +     */
> +    @Override
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query) {
> +        return compare(term, query, Locale.getDefault());
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Find the Fuzzy Distance which indicates the similarity score
> between two
> +     * Strings.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <pre>
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance(null, null, null)
>                 = IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("", "", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                 = 0
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 0
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 1
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                = 1
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                 = 2
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH)
>                 = 4
> +     * StringUtils.getFuzzyDistance("Apache Software Foundation", "asf",
> Locale.ENGLISH) = 3
> +     * </pre>
> +     *
> +     * @param term a full term that should be matched against, must not
> be null
> +     * @param query the query that will be matched against a term, must
> not be
> +     *            null
> +     * @param locale This string matching logic is case insensitive. A
> locale is
> +     *            necessary to normalize both Strings to lower case.
> +     * @return result score
> +     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null} or
> +     *             Locale input {@code null}
> +     */
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence term, CharSequence query, Locale
> locale) {
> +        if (term == null || query == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> null");
> +        } else if (locale == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Locale must not be null");
> +        }
> +
> +        // fuzzy logic is case insensitive. We normalize the Strings to
> lower
> +        // case right from the start. Turning characters to lower case
> +        // via Character.toLowerCase(char) is unfortunately insufficient
> +        // as it does not accept a locale.
> +        final String termLowerCase = term.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
> +        final String queryLowerCase =
> query.toString().toLowerCase(locale);
> +
> +        // the resulting score
> +        int score = 0;
> +
> +        // the position in the term which will be scanned next for
> potential
> +        // query character matches
> +        int termIndex = 0;
> +
> +        // index of the previously matched character in the term
> +        int previousMatchingCharacterIndex = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
> +
> +        for (int queryIndex = 0; queryIndex < queryLowerCase.length();
> queryIndex++) {
> +            final char queryChar = queryLowerCase.charAt(queryIndex);
> +
> +            boolean termCharacterMatchFound = false;
> +            for (; termIndex < termLowerCase.length()
> +                    && !termCharacterMatchFound; termIndex++) {
> +                final char termChar = termLowerCase.charAt(termIndex);
> +
> +                if (queryChar == termChar) {
> +                    // simple character matches result in one point
> +                    score++;
> +
> +                    // subsequent character matches further improve
> +                    // the score.
> +                    if (previousMatchingCharacterIndex + 1 == termIndex) {
> +                        score += 2;
> +                    }
> +
> +                    previousMatchingCharacterIndex = termIndex;
> +
> +                    // we can leave the nested loop. Every character in
> the
> +                    // query can match at most one character in the term.
> +                    termCharacterMatchFound = true;
> +                }
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        return score;
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..2dcd51c
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/JaroWrinklerDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * The Jaro measure is the weighted sum of percentage of matched
> characters
> + * from each file and transposed characters. Winkler increased this
> measure
> + * for matching initial characters.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * This implementation is based on the Jaro Winkler similarity algorithm
> + * from <a href="
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance">
> + * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance</a>.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public class JaroWrinklerDistance implements StringMetric<Double> {
> +
> +    /**
> +     * Represents a failed index search.
> +     */
> +    public static final int INDEX_NOT_FOUND = -1;
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Find the Jaro Winkler Distance which indicates the similarity score
> +     * between two Strings.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <pre>
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(null, null)          =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","")               = 0.0
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","a")              = 0.0
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("aaapppp", "")       = 0.0
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("frog", "fog")       = 0.93
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("fly", "ant")        = 0.0
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 0.44
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 0.44
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 0.0
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 0.88
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("ABC Corporation", "ABC Corp")
> = 0.91
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("D N H Enterprises Inc", "D
> &amp; H Enterprises, Inc.") = 0.93
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("My Gym Children's Fitness
> Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness") = 0.94
> +     * StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("PENNSYLVANIA",
> "PENNCISYLVNIA")    = 0.9
> +     * </pre>
> +     *
> +     * @param left the first String, must not be null
> +     * @param right the second String, must not be null
> +     * @return result distance
> +     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null}
> +     */
> +    @Override
> +    public Double compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
> +        final double DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR = 0.1;
> +
> +        if (left == null || right == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> null");
> +        }
> +
> +        final double jaro = score(left, right);
> +        final int cl = commonPrefixLength(left, right);
> +        final double matchScore = Math.round(jaro +
> (DEFAULT_SCALING_FACTOR
> +                * cl * (1.0 - jaro)) * 100.0) / 100.0;
> +
> +        return matchScore;
> +    }
> +
> +    // TODO: we can move these methods to a Util class, keep them here,
> +    // create a common abstract class, shade lang-3.3...
> +
> +    /**
> +     * Calculates the number of characters from the beginning of the
> strings
> +     * that match exactly one-to-one, up to a maximum of four (4)
> characters.
> +     *
> +     * @param first The first string.
> +     * @param second The second string.
> +     * @return A number between 0 and 4.
> +     */
> +    private static int commonPrefixLength(final CharSequence first,
> +            final CharSequence second) {
> +        final int result = getCommonPrefix(first.toString(),
> second.toString())
> +                .length();
> +
> +        // Limit the result to 4.
> +        return result > 4 ? 4 : result;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Compares all Strings in an array and returns the initial sequence
> of
> +     * characters that is common to all of them.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * For example,
> +     * <code>getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a
> robot"}) -&gt; "i am a "</code>
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <pre>
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(null) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc"}) = "abc"
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", ""}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", null}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = "abc"
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = "a"
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = "ab"
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = ""
> +     * StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am
> a robot"}) = "i am a "
> +     * </pre>
> +     *
> +     * @param strs array of String objects, entries may be null
> +     * @return the initial sequence of characters that are common to all
> Strings
> +     *         in the array; empty String if the array is null, the
> elements are
> +     *         all null or if there is no common prefix.
> +     * @since 2.4
> +     */
> +    public static String getCommonPrefix(final String... strs) {
> +        if (strs == null || strs.length == 0) {
> +            return "";
> +        }
> +        final int smallestIndexOfDiff = indexOfDifference(strs);
> +        if (smallestIndexOfDiff == INDEX_NOT_FOUND) {
> +            // all strings were identical
> +            if (strs[0] == null) {
> +                return "";
> +            }
> +            return strs[0];
> +        } else if (smallestIndexOfDiff == 0) {
> +            // there were no common initial characters
> +            return "";
> +        } else {
> +            // we found a common initial character sequence
> +            return strs[0].substring(0, smallestIndexOfDiff);
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * This method returns the Jaro-Winkler score for string matching.
> +     *
> +     * @param first the first string to be matched
> +     * @param second the second string to be machted
> +     * @return matching score without scaling factor impact
> +     */
> +    protected static double score(final CharSequence first,
> +            final CharSequence second) {
> +        String shorter;
> +        String longer;
> +
> +        // Determine which String is longer.
> +        if (first.length() > second.length()) {
> +            longer = first.toString().toLowerCase();
> +            shorter = second.toString().toLowerCase();
> +        } else {
> +            longer = second.toString().toLowerCase();
> +            shorter = first.toString().toLowerCase();
> +        }
> +
> +        // Calculate the half length() distance of the shorter String.
> +        final int halflength = shorter.length() / 2 + 1;
> +
> +        // Find the set of matching characters between the shorter and
> longer
> +        // strings. Note that
> +        // the set of matching characters may be different depending on
> the
> +        // order of the strings.
> +        final String m1 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(shorter, longer,
> +                halflength);
> +        final String m2 = getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(longer, shorter,
> +                halflength);
> +
> +        // If one or both of the sets of common characters is empty, then
> +        // there is no similarity between the two strings.
> +        if (m1.length() == 0 || m2.length() == 0) {
> +            return 0.0;
> +        }
> +
> +        // If the set of common characters is not the same size, then
> +        // there is no similarity between the two strings, either.
> +        if (m1.length() != m2.length()) {
> +            return 0.0;
> +        }
> +
> +        // Calculate the number of transposition between the two sets
> +        // of common characters.
> +        final int transpositions = transpositions(m1, m2);
> +
> +        // Calculate the distance.
> +        final double dist = (m1.length() / ((double) shorter.length())
> +                + m2.length() / ((double) longer.length()) + (m1.length()
> - transpositions)
> +                / ((double) m1.length())) / 3.0;
> +        return dist;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * Calculates the number of transposition between two strings.
> +     *
> +     * @param first The first string.
> +     * @param second The second string.
> +     * @return The number of transposition between the two strings.
> +     */
> +    protected static int transpositions(final CharSequence first,
> +            final CharSequence second) {
> +        int transpositions = 0;
> +        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
> +            if (first.charAt(i) != second.charAt(i)) {
> +                transpositions++;
> +            }
> +        }
> +        return transpositions / 2;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Compares all CharSequences in an array and returns the index at
> which the
> +     * CharSequences begin to differ.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * For example,
> +     * <code>indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i am a
> robot"}) -&gt; 7</code>
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <pre>
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(null) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {}) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc"}) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null}) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", ""}) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", null}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", null, null}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {null, null, "abc"}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"", "abc"}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", ""}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "abc"}) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abc", "a"}) = 1
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"ab", "abxyz"}) = 2
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "abxyz"}) = 2
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"abcde", "xyz"}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"xyz", "abcde"}) = 0
> +     * StringUtils.indexOfDifference(new String[] {"i am a machine", "i
> am a robot"}) = 7
> +     * </pre>
> +     *
> +     * @param css array of CharSequences, entries may be null
> +     * @return the index where the strings begin to differ; -1 if they
> are all
> +     *         equal
> +     * @since 2.4
> +     * @since 3.0 Changed signature from indexOfDifference(String...) to
> +     *        indexOfDifference(CharSequence...)
> +     */
> +    protected static int indexOfDifference(final CharSequence... css) {
> +        if (css == null || css.length <= 1) {
> +            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
> +        }
> +        boolean anyStringNull = false;
> +        boolean allStringsNull = true;
> +        final int arrayLen = css.length;
> +        int shortestStrLen = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
> +        int longestStrLen = 0;
> +
> +        // find the min and max string lengths; this avoids checking to
> make
> +        // sure we are not exceeding the length of the string each time
> through
> +        // the bottom loop.
> +        for (int i = 0; i < arrayLen; i++) {
> +            if (css[i] == null) {
> +                anyStringNull = true;
> +                shortestStrLen = 0;
> +            } else {
> +                allStringsNull = false;
> +                shortestStrLen = Math.min(css[i].length(),
> shortestStrLen);
> +                longestStrLen = Math.max(css[i].length(), longestStrLen);
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        // handle lists containing all nulls or all empty strings
> +        if (allStringsNull || longestStrLen == 0 && !anyStringNull) {
> +            return INDEX_NOT_FOUND;
> +        }
> +
> +        // handle lists containing some nulls or some empty strings
> +        if (shortestStrLen == 0) {
> +            return 0;
> +        }
> +
> +        // find the position with the first difference across all strings
> +        int firstDiff = -1;
> +        for (int stringPos = 0; stringPos < shortestStrLen; stringPos++) {
> +            final char comparisonChar = css[0].charAt(stringPos);
> +            for (int arrayPos = 1; arrayPos < arrayLen; arrayPos++) {
> +                if (css[arrayPos].charAt(stringPos) != comparisonChar) {
> +                    firstDiff = stringPos;
> +                    break;
> +                }
> +            }
> +            if (firstDiff != -1) {
> +                break;
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        if (firstDiff == -1 && shortestStrLen != longestStrLen) {
> +            // we compared all of the characters up to the length of the
> +            // shortest string and didn't find a match, but the string
> lengths
> +            // vary, so return the length of the shortest string.
> +            return shortestStrLen;
> +        }
> +        return firstDiff;
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * Gets a set of matching characters between two strings.
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * Two characters from the first string and the second string are
> +     * considered matching if the character's respective positions are no
> +     * farther than the limit value.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * @param first The first string.
> +     * @param second The second string.
> +     * @param limit The maximum distance to consider.
> +     * @return A string contain the set of common characters.
> +     */
> +    protected static String getSetOfMatchingCharacterWithin(
> +            final CharSequence first, final CharSequence second, final
> int limit) {
> +        final StringBuilder common = new StringBuilder();
> +        final StringBuilder copy = new StringBuilder(second);
> +
> +        for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
> +            final char ch = first.charAt(i);
> +            boolean found = false;
> +
> +            // See if the character is within the limit positions away
> from the
> +            // original position of that character.
> +            for (int j = Math.max(0, i - limit); !found
> +                    && j < Math.min(i + limit, second.length()); j++) {
> +                if (copy.charAt(j) == ch) {
> +                    found = true;
> +                    common.append(ch);
> +                    copy.setCharAt(j, '*');
> +                }
> +            }
> +        }
> +        return common.toString();
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..1793f1e
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/LevenshteinDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import java.util.Arrays;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * A string metric for measuring the difference between two sequences.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * This code has been adapted from Apache Commons Lang 3.3.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public class LevenshteinDistance implements StringMetric<Integer> {
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into
> another,
> +     * where each change is a single character modification (deletion,
> insertion
> +     * or substitution).
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * The previous implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm
> was
> +     * from <a
> +     * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm">
> http://www.merriampark.com
> +     * /ld.htm</a>
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * Chas Emerick has written an implementation in Java, which avoids an
> +     * OutOfMemoryError which can occur when my Java implementation is
> used with
> +     * very large strings.<br>
> +     * This implementation of the Levenshtein distance algorithm is from
> <a
> +     * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ldjava.htm">
> http://www.merriampark.com/
> +     * ldjava.htm</a>
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <pre>
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *)             =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null)             =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","")               = 0
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","a")              = 1
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "")       = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("frog", "fog")       = 1
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("fly", "ant")        = 3
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo") = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant") = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz") = 8
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hello", "hallo")    = 1
> +     * </pre>
> +     *
> +     * @param left the first string, must not be null
> +     * @param right the second string, must not be null
> +     * @return result distance
> +     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null}
> +     */
> +    @Override
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right) {
> +        return compare(left, right, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> +    }
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Find the Levenshtein distance between two Strings if it's less
> than or
> +     * equal to a given threshold.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * This is the number of changes needed to change one String into
> another,
> +     * where each change is a single character modification (deletion,
> insertion
> +     * or substitution).
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <p>
> +     * This implementation follows from Algorithms on Strings, Trees and
> +     * Sequences by Dan Gusfield and Chas Emerick's implementation of the
> +     * Levenshtein distance algorithm from <a
> +     * href="http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm"
> +     * >http://www.merriampark.com/ld.htm</a>
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * <pre>
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(null, *, *)             =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, null, *)             =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(*, *, -1)               =
> IllegalArgumentException
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","", 0)               = 0
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 8)       = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 7)       = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 6))      = -1
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 7) = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 6) = -1
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 7) = 7
> +     * StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 6) = -1
> +     * </pre>
> +     *
> +     * @param left the first string, must not be null
> +     * @param right the second string, must not be null
> +     * @param threshold the target threshold, must not be negative
> +     * @return result distance
> +     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either String input {@code
> null} or
> +     *             negative threshold
> +     */
> +    public Integer compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right, int
> threshold) {
> +        if (left == null || right == null) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Strings must not be
> null");
> +        }
> +        if (threshold < 0) {
> +            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Threshold must not be
> negative");
> +        }
> +
> +        /*
> +         * This implementation only computes the distance if it's less
> than or
> +         * equal to the threshold value, returning -1 if it's greater. The
> +         * advantage is performance: unbounded distance is O(nm), but a
> bound of
> +         * k allows us to reduce it to O(km) time by only computing a
> diagonal
> +         * stripe of width 2k + 1 of the cost table. It is also possible
> to use
> +         * this to compute the unbounded Levenshtein distance by starting
> the
> +         * threshold at 1 and doubling each time until the distance is
> found;
> +         * this is O(dm), where d is the distance.
> +         *
> +         * One subtlety comes from needing to ignore entries on the
> border of
> +         * our stripe eg. p[] = |#|#|#|* d[] = *|#|#|#| We must ignore
> the entry
> +         * to the left of the leftmost member We must ignore the entry
> above the
> +         * rightmost member
> +         *
> +         * Another subtlety comes from our stripe running off the matrix
> if the
> +         * strings aren't of the same size. Since string s is always
> swapped to
> +         * be the shorter of the two, the stripe will always run off to
> the
> +         * upper right instead of the lower left of the matrix.
> +         *
> +         * As a concrete example, suppose s is of length 5, t is of
> length 7,
> +         * and our threshold is 1. In this case we're going to walk a
> stripe of
> +         * length 3. The matrix would look like so:
> +         *
> +         * 1 2 3 4 5 1 |#|#| | | | 2 |#|#|#| | | 3 | |#|#|#| | 4 | |
> |#|#|#| 5 |
> +         * | | |#|#| 6 | | | | |#| 7 | | | | | |
> +         *
> +         * Note how the stripe leads off the table as there is no
> possible way
> +         * to turn a string of length 5 into one of length 7 in edit
> distance of
> +         * 1.
> +         *
> +         * Additionally, this implementation decreases memory usage by
> using two
> +         * single-dimensional arrays and swapping them back and forth
> instead of
> +         * allocating an entire n by m matrix. This requires a few minor
> +         * changes, such as immediately returning when it's detected that
> the
> +         * stripe has run off the matrix and initially filling the arrays
> with
> +         * large values so that entries we don't compute are ignored.
> +         *
> +         * See Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences by Dan Gusfield
> for
> +         * some discussion.
> +         */
> +
> +        int n = left.length(); // length of s
> +        int m = right.length(); // length of t
> +
> +        // if one string is empty, the edit distance is necessarily the
> length
> +        // of the other
> +        if (n == 0) {
> +            return m <= threshold ? m : -1;
> +        } else if (m == 0) {
> +            return n <= threshold ? n : -1;
> +        }
> +
> +        if (n > m) {
> +            // swap the two strings to consume less memory
> +            final CharSequence tmp = left;
> +            left = right;
> +            right = tmp;
> +            n = m;
> +            m = right.length();
> +        }
> +
> +        int[] p = new int[n + 1]; // 'previous' cost array, horizontally
> +        int[] d = new int[n + 1]; // cost array, horizontally
> +        int[] _d; // placeholder to assist in swapping p and d
> +
> +        // fill in starting table values
> +        final int boundary = Math.min(n, threshold) + 1;
> +        for (int i = 0; i < boundary; i++) {
> +            p[i] = i;
> +        }
> +        // these fills ensure that the value above the rightmost entry of
> our
> +        // stripe will be ignored in following loop iterations
> +        Arrays.fill(p, boundary, p.length, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> +        Arrays.fill(d, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
> +
> +        // iterates through t
> +        for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
> +            final char t_j = right.charAt(j - 1); // jth character of t
> +            d[0] = j;
> +
> +            // compute stripe indices, constrain to array size
> +            final int min = Math.max(1, j - threshold);
> +            final int max = j > Integer.MAX_VALUE - threshold ? n :
> Math.min(
> +                    n, j + threshold);
> +
> +            // the stripe may lead off of the table if s and t are of
> different
> +            // sizes
> +            if (min > max) {
> +                return -1;
> +            }
> +
> +            // ignore entry left of leftmost
> +            if (min > 1) {
> +                d[min - 1] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
> +            }
> +
> +            // iterates through [min, max] in s
> +            for (int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
> +                if (left.charAt(i - 1) == t_j) {
> +                    // diagonally left and up
> +                    d[i] = p[i - 1];
> +                } else {
> +                    // 1 + minimum of cell to the left, to the top,
> diagonally
> +                    // left and up
> +                    d[i] = 1 + Math.min(Math.min(d[i - 1], p[i]), p[i -
> 1]);
> +                }
> +            }
> +
> +            // copy current distance counts to 'previous row' distance
> counts
> +            _d = p;
> +            p = d;
> +            d = _d;
> +        }
> +
> +        // if p[n] is greater than the threshold, there's no guarantee on
> it
> +        // being the correct
> +        // distance
> +        if (p[n] <= threshold) {
> +            return p[n];
> +        }
> +        return -1;
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..6765bbd
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/StringMetric.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +/**
> + * <p>
> + * Marker interface for <a
> + * href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_metric'>String Metrics</a>
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * <p>
> + * A string metric measures the distance between two text strings.
> + * </p>
> + *
> + * @param <R> return type of the edit distance
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +public interface StringMetric<R> {
> +
> +    /**
> +     * <p>
> +     * Compares two strings.
> +     * </p>
> +     *
> +     * @param left the first string
> +     * @param right the second string
> +     * @return result distance
> +     */
> +    R compare(CharSequence left, CharSequence right);
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..8e9d478
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/package-info.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +/**
> + * <p>Provides algorithms for string similarity.</p>
> + *
> + * @since 1.0
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..30b1dfc
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestFuzzyDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> +
> +import java.util.Locale;
> +
> +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> +import org.junit.Test;
> +
> +/**
> + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.FuzzyDistance}.
> + */
> +public class TestFuzzyDistance {
> +
> +    private static FuzzyDistance distance;
> +
> +    @BeforeClass
> +    public static void setUp() {
> +        distance = new FuzzyDistance();
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance() throws Exception {
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(0,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "b", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Room", "o", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "w", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(2,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "ws", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(4,
> +                (int) distance.compare("Workshop", "wo", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare(
> +                "Apache Software Foundation", "asf", Locale.ENGLISH));
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullNullNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, null, null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringNullLoclae() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(" ", null, Locale.ENGLISH);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_NullStringLocale() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "clear", Locale.ENGLISH);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetFuzzyDistance_StringStringNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(" ", "clear", null);
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..6477de0
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestJaroWrinklerDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> +
> +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> +import org.junit.Test;
> +
> +/**
> + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.JaroWrinklerDistance}.
> + */
> +public class TestJaroWrinklerDistance {
> +
> +    private static JaroWrinklerDistance distance;
> +
> +    @BeforeClass
> +    public static void setUp() {
> +        distance = new JaroWrinklerDistance();
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringString() {
> +        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("frog", "fog"),
> 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.0d, (double) distance.compare("fly", "ant"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.44d, (double) distance.compare("elephant",
> "hippo"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.91d, (double) distance.compare("ABC Corporation",
> "ABC Corp"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.93d, (double) distance.compare("D N H Enterprises
> Inc", "D & H Enterprises, Inc."), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.94d, (double) distance.compare("My Gym Children's
> Fitness Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness"), 0.0d);
> +        assertEquals(0.9d, (double) distance.compare("PENNSYLVANIA",
> "PENNCISYLVNIA"), 0.0d);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_StringNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(" ", null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetJaroWinklerDistance_NullString() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "clear");
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-text/blob/c0e8c021/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git
> a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..7790b05
> --- /dev/null
> +++
> b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/text/similarity/TestLevenshteinDistance.java
> @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
> +/*
> + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
> + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
> + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
> + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
> + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
> + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
> + *
> + *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
> + *
> + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
> + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
> + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
> implied.
> + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
> + * limitations under the License.
> + */
> +package org.apache.commons.text.similarity;
> +
> +import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
> +
> +import org.junit.BeforeClass;
> +import org.junit.Test;
> +
> +/**
> + * Unit tests for {@link org.apache.commons.text.LevenshteinDistance}.
> + */
> +public class TestLevenshteinDistance {
> +
> +    private static LevenshteinDistance distance;
> +
> +    @BeforeClass
> +    public static void setUp() {
> +        distance = new LevenshteinDistance();
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringString() {
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", ""));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("", "a"));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", ""));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog"));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant"));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo"));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant"));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz"));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo"));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo"));
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullString() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare("a", null);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNull() throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "a");
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringInt() {
> +        // empty strings
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("", "", 0));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 8));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 7));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "", 6));
> +
> +        // unequal strings, zero threshold
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("b", "a", 0));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "b", 0));
> +
> +        // equal strings
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 0));
> +        assertEquals(0, (int) distance.compare("aa", "aa", 2));
> +
> +        // same length
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 2));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("aaa", "bbb", 3));
> +
> +        // big stripe
> +        assertEquals(6, (int) distance.compare("aaaaaa", "b", 10));
> +
> +        // distance less than threshold
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 8));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 4));
> +
> +        // distance equal to threshold
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 7));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 3));
> +
> +        // distance greater than threshold
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 2));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 2));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("aaapppp", "b", 6));
> +
> +        // stripe runs off array, strings not similar
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("a", "bbb", 1));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("bbb", "a", 1));
> +
> +        // stripe runs off array, strings are similar
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("12345", "1234567", 1));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("1234567", "12345", 1));
> +
> +        // old getLevenshteinDistance test cases
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", 1));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant", 3));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 7));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo", 6));
> +        assertEquals(7, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 7));
> +        assertEquals(-1, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant", 6));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz", 8));
> +        assertEquals(8, (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo", 8));
> +        assertEquals(1, (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo", 1));
> +
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("frog", "fog", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(3, (int) distance.compare("fly", "ant",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(7,
> +                (int) distance.compare("elephant", "hippo",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(7,
> +                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "elephant",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(8,
> +                (int) distance.compare("hippo", "zzzzzzzz",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(8,
> +                (int) distance.compare("zzzzzzzz", "hippo",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +        assertEquals(1,
> +                (int) distance.compare("hello", "hallo",
> Integer.MAX_VALUE));
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_NullStringInt() throws
> Exception {
> +        distance.compare(null, "a", 0);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringNullInt() throws
> Exception {
> +        distance.compare("a", null, 0);
> +    }
> +
> +    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
> +    public void testGetLevenshteinDistance_StringStringNegativeInt()
> +            throws Exception {
> +        distance.compare("a", "a", -1);
> +    }
> +
> +}
>
>
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