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Posted to dev@spamassassin.apache.org by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org on 2005/04/06 08:37:33 UTC

[Bug 4246] New: spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246

           Summary: spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors
           Product: Spamassassin
           Version: unspecified
          Platform: PC
        OS/Version: Linux
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P5
         Component: spamassassin
        AssignedTo: dev@spamassassin.apache.org
        ReportedBy: phil@ipom.com


I've searched for this bug in the DB and I don't see it. There are reports all
over for it, but it doesn't seem anyone's reported it here, so I thought I'd
take the liberty of doing it.

It seems - and I don't admin the systems in question - that when using exim and
spam assassin together, there is ocassionally a problem where exim drops
connections (but only if SA is being used). I'm unclear if this is due to exim
being confused by the return of SA or if SA just never returns, but eithe rway
exim ends up dropping the connection of the incoming SMTP client. This results
in bounces that look like this:

-----------------------------------------------------
An error was detected while processing a file of BSMTP input.
The error message was:

  421 Lost incoming connection

The SMTP transaction started in line 0.
The error was detected in line 3.
0 previous messages were successfully processed.
The rest of the batch was abandoned.
421 Lost incoming connection
Transaction started in line 0
Error detected in line 3
--------------------------------------------------

Now, this is currently happening to me, but the servers are those of my web
hosting company which uses CPanel for their hosting. I am a UNIX sysadmin, but
we use the Sun SJES stack for our email servers where I work, so I don't have
first hand experience with this. I will do my best to facilitate communication,
however. Here are some other references and suggested fixes that have not worked
for folks:

Web Host Talk
http://www.webhostingtalk.com/archive/thread/382872-1.html

Bulma (through Google Translation, sorry) Forums
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://bulma.net/impresion.phtml%3FnIdNoticia%3D1800&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dexim%2Bspamassassin%2B%2522421%2BSMTP%2Bincoming%2Bdata%2Btimeout%2522%2B%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Doff%26client%3Dfirefox%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:unofficial%26sa%3DG

Suse forums (through Google Translation, sorry)
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://lists.suse.com/archive/suse-linux/2004-Oct/2521.html&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dexim%2Bspamassassin%2B%2522421%2BSMTP%2Bincoming%2Bdata%2Btimeout%2522%2B%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Doff%26client%3Dfirefox%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:unofficial%26sa%3DG

I'm not sure if it's related to this SA bugId or not:
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=3828

The problem isn't terribly frequent, but I have 8 bounces from the last 2 weeks
or so that peopel were nice enough to forward to me - there are probably more.

Which is another important note, the next SMTP request will work fine, the
problem does not persist across SMTP connections.

I'll try to get one of the admins from my Web Hosting company to add themselves
to this bug - most of them are pretty good about this stuff, we'll see.

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-09 02:01 -------
Created an attachment (id=2780)
 --> (http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/attachment.cgi?id=2780&action=view)
Exim Config




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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-05 23:49 -------
This is another thread related... you have to "register" before you can see it
though (::sigh::):

http://forums.cpanel.net/showthread.php?t=12359&page=6

This involves several people having this problem and trying the patch in bugId
3828 but not getting the problem fixed... hmm. Perhaps they are the same issue
and these should be merged? It's unclear to me.

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From jm@jmason.org  2005-04-14 09:35 -------
could you paste the interesting bits from the cpanel forum discussions? ;)

anyway, my take on this is that, in a way, the exim SA support code is doing the
right thing.
I presume (Tony?) the design is that exim passes msgs to SA to scan *during the
SMTP transaction*, so that rejects will be sent back correctly to the sending
client, and not to some random third party (if the MAIL FROM is forged).

what's happening is that under high load, SA is the bottleneck in this pipeline,
and it's impossible for some of the Exim processes to get their msg scanned in a
timely fashion.  this is entirely plausible -- if there are 100 incoming
connections, and Exim can handle that many conns, it should try to do so -- but
there's no way it can possibly get SA to scan 100 msgs in parallel if the
hardware can't keep up, because SA is a lot more heavyweight.

Exim then has these options:

1. drop the messages silently.  obviously a terrible idea
2. deliver the messages as nonspam, unscanned.  this is the approach that
"spamc" uses, and at least ensures the mail gets through.
3. return a 421 so the SMTP client can retry in a short while.
4. return a 550 and the SMTP client will bounce them as a delivery failure. 
also obviously a terrible idea.

Given the choice between #2 and #3, #3 sounds like a reasonable choice. 
(personally, I would tend to go for #2 myself though.)

if you're seeing this a lot, the correct fix -- if you have the horsepower -- is
to increase the number of spamd processes available to scan messages.  a lot of
421s is indicative of your mail load being higher than the number of SA scanners
available to deal with it -- in other words, a sign that tuning is required. 
(As you noted, when the hosting co increased the maxprocs setting, it helped
dramatically.)

BTW, having said that, it does sound like *some* of the people reporting this
bug -- but not all! -- are seeing something like bug 3828, the cPanel dual-CPU
spamd hang bug.   that would, of course, cause spamd to lock up, and exim would
therefore time out attempting to contact it.   

Some of the threads online are referring to this (specifically the ones picking
out dual-CPU), and some are not -- the problem is that the main symptom (Exim's
BSMTP 421 errors) are identical without further digging.



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-17 01:38 -------
Oh, I see, that makes sense, temp_errors=* still considers non-zero as problems
- it's just that it sees them as temporary problems. And if I understand this
right, the idea is to change this block:

local_sa_delivery:
  driver = pipe
  command = /usr/sbin/sendmail -bS
  use_bsmtp = true
  transport_filter = "/usr/bin/spamc"
  user = $local_part
  group = mail
  log_output = true
  current_directory = "/tmp"
  home_directory = "/tmp"
  return_fail_output = true
  return_path_add = false
  message_prefix = 
  message_suffix = 


and add:

  temp_errors = *

Correct?

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-14 02:37 -------
> My ISP recently did something to increase the number of processes SA was using
> and that has _dramatically_ helped... but I'm still getting the occasional bounce.

In that case your problem is that Exim isn't backing off when spamd is busy. You
can probably avoid overwhelming spamd by manipulating exim's load controls, e.g.
by running in queue_only mode and using queue_run_max to limit the number of
queue runners and therefore the number of concurrent deliveries.



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-14 02:20 -------
Will do.

My ISP recently did something to increase the number of processes SA was using
and that has _dramatically_ helped... but I'm still getting the occasional bounce.

- Phil





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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-15 21:22 -------
Tony, 

I didn't have my isp change temp_errors, but I they did try setting
"ignore_status", and that didn't fix it... fwiw. I'm guessing that's equivalent
to temp_errors=* ?

-Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From quinlan@pathname.com  2005-04-06 00:31 -------
phil,

since you have an account already...

?



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-15 06:28 -------
Subject: Re:  spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

I think I have worked out what the problem is!

By default Exim considers any failure of a pipe transport to be permanent.
You need to use the temp_errors option to tell it which exit status codes
it should consider to be temporary failures (you could make it * for any
non-zero code).

Tony.




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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-05-01 23:03 -------
Thanks Bob. I'll see about opening an exim bug for this.

Nick - did you open an exim bug for your patch? I don't want to open a redundant
bug...

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From jm@jmason.org  2005-04-14 11:48 -------
'If the SMTP client generates a bounce in response to a single 421 response, then
that is a standards conformance bug in the SMTP client.'

actually I think I was wrong -- it's not SMTP, it's *BSMTP* that's being used
here, internally, by Exim.  421 may have totally different semantics in that
protocol, I don't know much about it.



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-06 00:35 -------
Well I didn't, but I signed up for one to make this big ID... but anyway ...
what was it you wanted? Did you want me to copy and paste the entire thread
here? I /can/ it's long though. They all seem to believe their issue is the bug
in 3828, fwiw...

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-29 04:32 -------
Subject: Re:  spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

On Thu, 28 Apr 2005 bugzilla-daemon@bugzilla.spamassassin.org wrote:
>
> What does the patch fix? And do you think it would eliminate the need for the
> temp_errors fix?

I don't think the patch is directly relevant to your problem, but I'll
pass it onto the exim-dev mailing list.

Tony.




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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

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http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-06 12:58 -------
Well, my web hosting company has applied patches from 3828 and if I get another
bounce I will have them post config details here. If I don't get another bounce
for 2 weeks, I'll close this bug as a dup of 3828.

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-17 05:29 -------
Subject: Re:  spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

> Correct?

Yes, but change both of your SpamAssassin transports.

Tony.




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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-06 23:54 -------
Darnit. Got another bounce. I've asked the admins over at my hosting company to
post their exim configs.

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

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http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From jgmyers@proofpoint.com  2005-04-14 10:36 -------
If the SMTP client generates a bounce in response to a single 421 response, then
that is a standards conformance bug in the SMTP client.



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------- Additional Comments From spamassassin@jan.misker.nl  2005-04-14 04:38 -------
Refer to http://forums.cpanel.net/showthread.php?t=12359 for the discussion on
the CPanel forum.



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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-23 19:26 -------
My ISP only put this in production 3 days ago - so far so good. Next Thursday
(this coming Thursday) is when I told them I'd sign off that this officially
"works" since I don't always know about bounces right away.

I will report back here on Thursday...

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

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http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246


Bob@Menschel.net changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Keywords|                            |triage




------- Additional Comments From Bob@Menschel.net  2005-04-23 17:13 -------
Phil, It's been a week. Does the problem continue, or does it seem like it may
be resolved by the configuration change? 



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------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-06 02:23 -------
Subject: Re:   New: spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421
 errors

On Tue, 5 Apr 2005 bugzilla-daemon@bugzilla.spamassassin.org wrote:
>
> It seems - and I don't admin the systems in question - that when using exim and
> spam assassin together, there is ocassionally a problem where exim drops
> connections (but only if SA is being used).

You'll have to explain how you're using Exim and SpamAssassin together
because there are about 50 ways. It's probably easiest to attach your Exim
configuration to this bug report.

Tony.




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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-28 23:44 -------
I don't know about the patch, but setting "temp_errors = *" worked perfectly.
I've gone over a week now without a single bounce.

What does the patch fix? And do you think it would eliminate the need for the
temp_errors fix?

- Phil



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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

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http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-15 06:30 -------
> anyway, my take on this is that, in a way, the exim SA support code is doing the
> right thing.
> I presume (Tony?) the design is that exim passes msgs to SA to scan *during the
> SMTP transaction*, so that rejects will be sent back correctly to the sending
> client, and not to some random third party (if the MAIL FROM is forged).

Actually with this setup the scanning is performed after the message has been
accepted.



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------- Additional Comments From nick@cpanel.net  2005-04-28 16:05 -------
(From update of attachment 2816)
Try patching your exim source.	exim doesn't appear to handle a transport
filter timeout correctly.




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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-17 14:46 -------
In other words "local_sa_delivery" and "virtual_sa_userdelivery", right?

OK, I'll give that a try. Thanks.

- Phil



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------- Additional Comments From nick@cpanel.net  2005-04-28 16:04 -------
Created an attachment (id=2816)
 --> (http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/attachment.cgi?id=2816&action=view)
exim patch




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Bob@Menschel.net changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Status|NEW                         |RESOLVED
         Resolution|                            |INVALID




------- Additional Comments From Bob@Menschel.net  2005-04-30 13:26 -------
Closing, since this problem seems to be resolved. Closing as "invalid" only
because it doesn't seem to be a problem within SA, but rather a config setting
and/or patch to exim. Added link to this bugzilla report on the wiki. 



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------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-14 02:00 -------
Subject: Re:  spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

I've had a look at the config and nothing obvious leaps out at me. It
might be a timeout problem. Is it load-related?

I don't have any significant experience with this kind of setup. I suggest
asking on the exim-users list - there are loads of people there with all
sorts of wacky setups.

Tony.




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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-14 10:22 -------
Justin, thanks for the summary - my only note is that "421 Lost Incoming
Connection" doesn't actually seem to be a "try again" type message to the SMTP
client - the client generates a bounce to the original sender. If it was a
temporary "try again" thing, I would have no problem.

I agree the best solution is to make Exim has it without scanning - but how does
one do that?

Jan, thank you for the link, but the majority of people there were not helped by
the two fixes that were posted. For reference the two fixes that were posted were:
  1. iptables -A INPUT -i lo -s 0.0.0.0/0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
  2. check /etc/localdomains for the right hostname

Only two or three people were helped, everyone else still has the problem.

So that leaves the question: How do we tell SA to pass things if it gets too
loaded, or tell exim to not ask SA if things take too long... I'm not sure which
one is the right solution.

Thanks,
- Phil



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nick@cpanel.net changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 CC|                            |nick@cpanel.net






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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-09 02:01 -------
Config has been uploaded...

-Phil



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------- Additional Comments From phil@ipom.com  2005-04-14 01:25 -------
Any ideas here?

- Phil



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------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-17 01:04 -------
Subject: Re:  spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

On Fri, 15 Apr 2005 bugzilla-daemon@bugzilla.spamassassin.org wrote:
>
> I didn't have my isp change temp_errors, but I they did try setting
> "ignore_status", and that didn't fix it... fwiw. I'm guessing that's equivalent
> to temp_errors=* ?

No, ignore_status makes exim treat non-zero exit codes as success, which
you do NOT want!

Tony.




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------- Additional Comments From dot@dotat.at  2005-04-29 04:43 -------
Subject: Re:  spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

> I don't think the patch is directly relevant to your problem, but I'll
> pass it onto the exim-dev mailing list.

http://www.exim.org/mail-archives/exim-dev/2005-April/msg00048.html

Tony.




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[Bug 4246] spam assassin + exim causes bounces with 421 errors

Posted by bu...@bugzilla.spamassassin.org.
http://bugzilla.spamassassin.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4246





------- Additional Comments From spamassassin@jan.misker.nl  2005-04-15 05:29 -------

> Jan, thank you for the link, but the majority of people there were not helped by
> the two fixes that were posted. 
I must admit I was merely trying to establish links between the various threads,
so that we can learn from eachother.

I had the same problem, and my host also increased the number of processes
available to spamd. However, this still is not a real solution, I think. It
seems the 421 error code does not cause the required behaviour of resending the
email later.





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