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Posted to commits@cassandra.apache.org by jb...@apache.org on 2014/02/04 06:51:27 UTC

[1/3] git commit: Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access patch by Dmitry Shohov and Benedict Elliott Smith for CASSANDRA-6628

Updated Branches:
  refs/heads/cassandra-2.0 066d00ba5 -> 039e9b9a1
  refs/heads/trunk 78f71420c -> b25a63a81


Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access
patch by Dmitry Shohov and Benedict Elliott Smith for CASSANDRA-6628


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/commit/039e9b9a
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/tree/039e9b9a
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/diff/039e9b9a

Branch: refs/heads/cassandra-2.0
Commit: 039e9b9a18cbe78091231a4538b6d428deacc771
Parents: 066d00b
Author: Jonathan Ellis <jb...@apache.org>
Authored: Mon Feb 3 23:50:08 2014 -0600
Committer: Jonathan Ellis <jb...@apache.org>
Committed: Mon Feb 3 23:50:08 2014 -0600

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 CHANGES.txt                                     |   2 +
 .../cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java    |  20 ++-
 .../org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java    | 123 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java      |   2 +-
 .../cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java    |   6 +
 5 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/CHANGES.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/CHANGES.txt b/CHANGES.txt
index 4440942..b1fade1 100644
--- a/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/CHANGES.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 2.0.6
+ * Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access
+   (CASSANDRA-6628)
  * Let scrub optionally skip broken counter partitions (CASSANDRA-5930)
 
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
index 44d9d3a..bd5db69 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
@@ -172,12 +172,12 @@ public class DatabaseDescriptor
         }
 
         if (conf.commitlog_total_space_in_mb == null)
-            conf.commitlog_total_space_in_mb = System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64") ? 1024 : 32;
+            conf.commitlog_total_space_in_mb = hasLargeAddressSpace() ? 1024 : 32;
 
         /* evaluate the DiskAccessMode Config directive, which also affects indexAccessMode selection */
         if (conf.disk_access_mode == Config.DiskAccessMode.auto)
         {
-            conf.disk_access_mode = System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64") ? Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap : Config.DiskAccessMode.standard;
+            conf.disk_access_mode = hasLargeAddressSpace() ? Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap : Config.DiskAccessMode.standard;
             indexAccessMode = conf.disk_access_mode;
             logger.info("DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be " + conf.disk_access_mode + ", indexAccessMode is " + indexAccessMode );
         }
@@ -1323,4 +1323,20 @@ public class DatabaseDescriptor
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }
     }
+
+    public static boolean hasLargeAddressSpace()
+    {
+        // currently we just check if it's a 64bit arch, but any we only really care if the address space is large
+        String datamodel = System.getProperty("sun.arch.data.model");
+        if (datamodel != null)
+        {
+            switch (datamodel)
+            {
+                case "64": return true;
+                case "32": return false;
+            }
+        }
+        String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+        return arch.contains("64") || arch.contains("sparcv9");
+    }
 }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
index f276190..263205b 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@
  */
 package org.apache.cassandra.io.util;
 
-import sun.misc.Unsafe;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
+import sun.misc.Unsafe;
 
 /**
  * An off-heap region of memory that must be manually free'd when no longer needed.
@@ -30,6 +31,16 @@ public class Memory
     private static final IAllocator allocator = DatabaseDescriptor.getoffHeapMemoryAllocator();
     private static final long BYTE_ARRAY_BASE_OFFSET = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(byte[].class);
 
+    private static final boolean bigEndian = ByteOrder.nativeOrder().equals(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+    private static final boolean unaligned;
+
+    static
+    {
+        String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+        unaligned = arch.equals("i386") || arch.equals("x86")
+                    || arch.equals("amd64") || arch.equals("x86_64");
+    }
+
     protected long peer;
     // size of the memory region
     private final long size;
@@ -64,13 +75,71 @@ public class Memory
     public void setLong(long offset, long l)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        unsafe.putLong(peer + offset, l);
+        if (unaligned)
+        {
+            unsafe.putLong(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            putLongByByte(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void putLongByByte(long address, long value)
+    {
+        if (bigEndian)
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value >> 56));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 48));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 40));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value >> 32));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 4, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 5, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 6, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 7, (byte) (value));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 7, (byte) (value >> 56));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 6, (byte) (value >> 48));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 5, (byte) (value >> 40));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 4, (byte) (value >> 32));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value));
+        }
     }
 
     public void setInt(long offset, int l)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        unsafe.putInt(peer + offset, l);
+        if (unaligned)
+        {
+            unsafe.putInt(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            putIntByByte(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void putIntByByte(long address, int value)
+    {
+        if (bigEndian)
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -108,13 +177,57 @@ public class Memory
     public long getLong(long offset)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        return unsafe.getLong(peer + offset);
+        if (unaligned) {
+            return unsafe.getLong(peer + offset);
+        } else {
+            return getLongByByte(peer + offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private long getLongByByte(long address) {
+        if (bigEndian) {
+            return  (((long) unsafe.getByte(address    )       ) << 56) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) << 48) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 40) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 3) & 0xff) << 32) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 4) & 0xff) << 24) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 5) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 6) & 0xff) <<  8) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 7) & 0xff)      );
+        } else {
+            return  (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 7)       ) << 56) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 6) & 0xff) << 48) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 5) & 0xff) << 40) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 4) & 0xff) << 32) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 3) & 0xff) << 24) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) <<  8) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address    ) & 0xff)      );
+        }
     }
 
     public int getInt(long offset)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        return unsafe.getInt(peer + offset);
+        if (unaligned) {
+            return unsafe.getInt(peer + offset);
+        } else {
+            return getIntByByte(peer + offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private int getIntByByte(long address) {
+        if (bigEndian) {
+            return  (((int) unsafe.getByte(address    )       ) << 24) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 8 ) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 3) & 0xff)      );
+        } else {
+            return  (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 3)       ) << 24) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) <<  8) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address    ) & 0xff)      );
+        }
     }
 
     /**

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
index 60e9c25..9e63c05 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public class CassandraDaemon
     protected void setup()
     {
         // log warnings for different kinds of sub-optimal JVMs.  tldr use 64-bit Oracle >= 1.6u32
-        if (!System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64"))
+        if (!DatabaseDescriptor.hasLargeAddressSpace())
             logger.info("32bit JVM detected.  It is recommended to run Cassandra on a 64bit JVM for better performance.");
         String javaVersion = System.getProperty("java.version");
         String javaVmName = System.getProperty("java.vm.name");

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
index c135a01..4be6cd4 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
@@ -69,6 +69,11 @@ abstract class FastByteComparisons {
      * implementation if unable to do so.
      */
     static Comparer<byte[]> getBestComparer() {
+      String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+      boolean unaligned = arch.equals("i386") || arch.equals("x86")
+                    || arch.equals("amd64") || arch.equals("x86_64");
+      if (!unaligned)
+        return lexicographicalComparerJavaImpl();
       try {
         Class<?> theClass = Class.forName(UNSAFE_COMPARER_NAME);
 
@@ -229,6 +234,7 @@ abstract class FastByteComparisons {
         }
         return length1 - length2;
       }
+
     }
   }
 }


[3/3] git commit: merge from 2.0

Posted by jb...@apache.org.
merge from 2.0


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/commit/b25a63a8
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/tree/b25a63a8
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/diff/b25a63a8

Branch: refs/heads/trunk
Commit: b25a63a81d22e409e607ca28c39e20604332cb5d
Parents: 78f7142 039e9b9
Author: Jonathan Ellis <jb...@apache.org>
Authored: Mon Feb 3 23:51:16 2014 -0600
Committer: Jonathan Ellis <jb...@apache.org>
Committed: Mon Feb 3 23:51:16 2014 -0600

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 CHANGES.txt                                     |   2 +
 .../cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java    |  20 ++-
 .../org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java    | 123 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java      |   2 +-
 .../cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java    |   6 +
 5 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/b25a63a8/CHANGES.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --cc CHANGES.txt
index 6a4c507,b1fade1..28278c4
--- a/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/CHANGES.txt
@@@ -1,33 -1,6 +1,35 @@@
 +2.1
 + * add listsnapshots command to nodetool (CASSANDRA-5742)
 + * Introduce AtomicBTreeColumns (CASSANDRA-6271)
 + * Multithreaded commitlog (CASSANDRA-3578)
 + * allocate fixed index summary memory pool and resample cold index summaries 
 +   to use less memory (CASSANDRA-5519)
 + * Removed multithreaded compaction (CASSANDRA-6142)
 + * Parallelize fetching rows for low-cardinality indexes (CASSANDRA-1337)
 + * change logging from log4j to logback (CASSANDRA-5883)
 + * switch to LZ4 compression for internode communication (CASSANDRA-5887)
 + * Stop using Thrift-generated Index* classes internally (CASSANDRA-5971)
 + * Remove 1.2 network compatibility code (CASSANDRA-5960)
 + * Remove leveled json manifest migration code (CASSANDRA-5996)
 + * Remove CFDefinition (CASSANDRA-6253)
 + * Use AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater in RefCountedMemory (CASSANDRA-6278)
 + * User-defined types for CQL3 (CASSANDRA-5590)
 + * Use of o.a.c.metrics in nodetool (CASSANDRA-5871, 6406)
 + * Batch read from OTC's queue and cleanup (CASSANDRA-1632)
 + * Secondary index support for collections (CASSANDRA-4511, 6383)
 + * SSTable metadata(Stats.db) format change (CASSANDRA-6356)
 + * Push composites support in the storage engine
 +   (CASSANDRA-5417, CASSANDRA-6520)
 + * Add snapshot space used to cfstats (CASSANDRA-6231)
 + * Add cardinality estimator for key count estimation (CASSANDRA-5906)
 + * CF id is changed to be non-deterministic. Data dir/key cache are created
 +   uniquely for CF id (CASSANDRA-5202)
 + * New counters implementation (CASSANDRA-6504)
 +
 +
  2.0.6
+  * Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access
+    (CASSANDRA-6628)
   * Let scrub optionally skip broken counter partitions (CASSANDRA-5930)
  
  

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/b25a63a8/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --cc src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
index 2793237,bd5db69..378fa8a
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
@@@ -177,9 -177,9 +177,9 @@@ public class DatabaseDescripto
          /* evaluate the DiskAccessMode Config directive, which also affects indexAccessMode selection */
          if (conf.disk_access_mode == Config.DiskAccessMode.auto)
          {
-             conf.disk_access_mode = System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64") ? Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap : Config.DiskAccessMode.standard;
+             conf.disk_access_mode = hasLargeAddressSpace() ? Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap : Config.DiskAccessMode.standard;
              indexAccessMode = conf.disk_access_mode;
 -            logger.info("DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be " + conf.disk_access_mode + ", indexAccessMode is " + indexAccessMode );
 +            logger.info("DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be {}, indexAccessMode is {}", conf.disk_access_mode, indexAccessMode);
          }
          else if (conf.disk_access_mode == Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap_index_only)
          {
@@@ -1384,8 -1324,19 +1384,24 @@@
          }
      }
  
 +    public static int getIndexSummaryResizeIntervalInMinutes()
 +    {
 +        return conf.index_summary_resize_interval_in_minutes;
 +    }
++
+     public static boolean hasLargeAddressSpace()
+     {
+         // currently we just check if it's a 64bit arch, but any we only really care if the address space is large
+         String datamodel = System.getProperty("sun.arch.data.model");
+         if (datamodel != null)
+         {
+             switch (datamodel)
+             {
+                 case "64": return true;
+                 case "32": return false;
+             }
+         }
+         String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+         return arch.contains("64") || arch.contains("sparcv9");
+     }
  }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/b25a63a8/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --cc src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
index 2903fc4,9e63c05..0ad47ac
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
@@@ -94,16 -147,8 +94,16 @@@ public class CassandraDaemo
       */
      protected void setup()
      {
 +        try 
 +        {
 +            logger.info("Hostname: {}", InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName());
 +        }
 +        catch (UnknownHostException e1)
 +        {
 +            logger.info("Could not resolve local host");
 +        }
          // log warnings for different kinds of sub-optimal JVMs.  tldr use 64-bit Oracle >= 1.6u32
-         if (!System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64"))
+         if (!DatabaseDescriptor.hasLargeAddressSpace())
              logger.info("32bit JVM detected.  It is recommended to run Cassandra on a 64bit JVM for better performance.");
          String javaVersion = System.getProperty("java.version");
          String javaVmName = System.getProperty("java.vm.name");


[2/3] git commit: Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access patch by Dmitry Shohov and Benedict Elliott Smith for CASSANDRA-6628

Posted by jb...@apache.org.
Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access
patch by Dmitry Shohov and Benedict Elliott Smith for CASSANDRA-6628


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/commit/039e9b9a
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/tree/039e9b9a
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/diff/039e9b9a

Branch: refs/heads/trunk
Commit: 039e9b9a18cbe78091231a4538b6d428deacc771
Parents: 066d00b
Author: Jonathan Ellis <jb...@apache.org>
Authored: Mon Feb 3 23:50:08 2014 -0600
Committer: Jonathan Ellis <jb...@apache.org>
Committed: Mon Feb 3 23:50:08 2014 -0600

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 CHANGES.txt                                     |   2 +
 .../cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java    |  20 ++-
 .../org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java    | 123 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java      |   2 +-
 .../cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java    |   6 +
 5 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/CHANGES.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/CHANGES.txt b/CHANGES.txt
index 4440942..b1fade1 100644
--- a/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/CHANGES.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 2.0.6
+ * Fix direct Memory on architectures that do not support unaligned long access
+   (CASSANDRA-6628)
  * Let scrub optionally skip broken counter partitions (CASSANDRA-5930)
 
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
index 44d9d3a..bd5db69 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/config/DatabaseDescriptor.java
@@ -172,12 +172,12 @@ public class DatabaseDescriptor
         }
 
         if (conf.commitlog_total_space_in_mb == null)
-            conf.commitlog_total_space_in_mb = System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64") ? 1024 : 32;
+            conf.commitlog_total_space_in_mb = hasLargeAddressSpace() ? 1024 : 32;
 
         /* evaluate the DiskAccessMode Config directive, which also affects indexAccessMode selection */
         if (conf.disk_access_mode == Config.DiskAccessMode.auto)
         {
-            conf.disk_access_mode = System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64") ? Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap : Config.DiskAccessMode.standard;
+            conf.disk_access_mode = hasLargeAddressSpace() ? Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap : Config.DiskAccessMode.standard;
             indexAccessMode = conf.disk_access_mode;
             logger.info("DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be " + conf.disk_access_mode + ", indexAccessMode is " + indexAccessMode );
         }
@@ -1323,4 +1323,20 @@ public class DatabaseDescriptor
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }
     }
+
+    public static boolean hasLargeAddressSpace()
+    {
+        // currently we just check if it's a 64bit arch, but any we only really care if the address space is large
+        String datamodel = System.getProperty("sun.arch.data.model");
+        if (datamodel != null)
+        {
+            switch (datamodel)
+            {
+                case "64": return true;
+                case "32": return false;
+            }
+        }
+        String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+        return arch.contains("64") || arch.contains("sparcv9");
+    }
 }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
index f276190..263205b 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/util/Memory.java
@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@
  */
 package org.apache.cassandra.io.util;
 
-import sun.misc.Unsafe;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
+import sun.misc.Unsafe;
 
 /**
  * An off-heap region of memory that must be manually free'd when no longer needed.
@@ -30,6 +31,16 @@ public class Memory
     private static final IAllocator allocator = DatabaseDescriptor.getoffHeapMemoryAllocator();
     private static final long BYTE_ARRAY_BASE_OFFSET = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(byte[].class);
 
+    private static final boolean bigEndian = ByteOrder.nativeOrder().equals(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+    private static final boolean unaligned;
+
+    static
+    {
+        String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+        unaligned = arch.equals("i386") || arch.equals("x86")
+                    || arch.equals("amd64") || arch.equals("x86_64");
+    }
+
     protected long peer;
     // size of the memory region
     private final long size;
@@ -64,13 +75,71 @@ public class Memory
     public void setLong(long offset, long l)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        unsafe.putLong(peer + offset, l);
+        if (unaligned)
+        {
+            unsafe.putLong(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            putLongByByte(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void putLongByByte(long address, long value)
+    {
+        if (bigEndian)
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value >> 56));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 48));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 40));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value >> 32));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 4, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 5, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 6, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 7, (byte) (value));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 7, (byte) (value >> 56));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 6, (byte) (value >> 48));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 5, (byte) (value >> 40));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 4, (byte) (value >> 32));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value));
+        }
     }
 
     public void setInt(long offset, int l)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        unsafe.putInt(peer + offset, l);
+        if (unaligned)
+        {
+            unsafe.putInt(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            putIntByByte(peer + offset, l);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void putIntByByte(long address, int value)
+    {
+        if (bigEndian)
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 3, (byte) (value >> 24));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 2, (byte) (value >> 16));
+            unsafe.putByte(address + 1, (byte) (value >> 8));
+            unsafe.putByte(address, (byte) (value));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -108,13 +177,57 @@ public class Memory
     public long getLong(long offset)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        return unsafe.getLong(peer + offset);
+        if (unaligned) {
+            return unsafe.getLong(peer + offset);
+        } else {
+            return getLongByByte(peer + offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private long getLongByByte(long address) {
+        if (bigEndian) {
+            return  (((long) unsafe.getByte(address    )       ) << 56) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) << 48) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 40) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 3) & 0xff) << 32) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 4) & 0xff) << 24) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 5) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 6) & 0xff) <<  8) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 7) & 0xff)      );
+        } else {
+            return  (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 7)       ) << 56) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 6) & 0xff) << 48) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 5) & 0xff) << 40) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 4) & 0xff) << 32) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 3) & 0xff) << 24) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) <<  8) |
+                    (((long) unsafe.getByte(address    ) & 0xff)      );
+        }
     }
 
     public int getInt(long offset)
     {
         checkPosition(offset);
-        return unsafe.getInt(peer + offset);
+        if (unaligned) {
+            return unsafe.getInt(peer + offset);
+        } else {
+            return getIntByByte(peer + offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private int getIntByByte(long address) {
+        if (bigEndian) {
+            return  (((int) unsafe.getByte(address    )       ) << 24) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 8 ) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 3) & 0xff)      );
+        } else {
+            return  (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 3)       ) << 24) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 2) & 0xff) << 16) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address + 1) & 0xff) <<  8) |
+                    (((int) unsafe.getByte(address    ) & 0xff)      );
+        }
     }
 
     /**

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
index 60e9c25..9e63c05 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public class CassandraDaemon
     protected void setup()
     {
         // log warnings for different kinds of sub-optimal JVMs.  tldr use 64-bit Oracle >= 1.6u32
-        if (!System.getProperty("os.arch").contains("64"))
+        if (!DatabaseDescriptor.hasLargeAddressSpace())
             logger.info("32bit JVM detected.  It is recommended to run Cassandra on a 64bit JVM for better performance.");
         String javaVersion = System.getProperty("java.version");
         String javaVmName = System.getProperty("java.vm.name");

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/039e9b9a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
index c135a01..4be6cd4 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/utils/FastByteComparisons.java
@@ -69,6 +69,11 @@ abstract class FastByteComparisons {
      * implementation if unable to do so.
      */
     static Comparer<byte[]> getBestComparer() {
+      String arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
+      boolean unaligned = arch.equals("i386") || arch.equals("x86")
+                    || arch.equals("amd64") || arch.equals("x86_64");
+      if (!unaligned)
+        return lexicographicalComparerJavaImpl();
       try {
         Class<?> theClass = Class.forName(UNSAFE_COMPARER_NAME);
 
@@ -229,6 +234,7 @@ abstract class FastByteComparisons {
         }
         return length1 - length2;
       }
+
     }
   }
 }