use of multiref for object serialization

[soap vamsi <so...@rediffmail.com>]

While encoding Java Objects to SOAP XML the composed objects are 
represented using the multiref tag.
ex Phone number contained in address is encoded as

<ns1:getAddressFromPhoneNumber xmlns:ns1="urn:AddressService">

<arg0 href="#id0"/>

   </ns1:getAddressFromPhoneNumber>

   <multiRef id="id0" SOAP-ENC:root="0" xsi:type="ns2:PhoneNumber" 
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" 
xmlns:ns2="urn:AddressServiceNameSpace">

    <areaCode href="#id1"/>

    <exchange href="#id2"/>

    <number href="#id3"/>

    <extension href="#id4"/>

   </multiRef>

   <multiRef id="id3" SOAP-ENC:root="0" xsi:type="xsd:string" 
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">111</multiRef>

   <multiRef id="id1" SOAP-ENC:root="0" xsi:type="xsd:string" 
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">1</multiRef>

   <multiRef id="id4" SOAP-ENC:root="0" xsi:type="xsd:string" 
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">1111</multiRef>

   <multiRef id="id2" SOAP-ENC:root="0" xsi:type="xsd:string" 
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">11</multiRef>

One obvious advantage of using href and not using enclosed 
phonenumber equivalent in the address is that by using that 
multiple address objects can refer to the same phonemuber multiref 
element.
Are there any other advantages that one gets by using this style 
of represetation for pass by ref objects?
What is the schema that defines mutiref element?
What are the other styles of encoding?
thanks in advance
vamsi
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