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Posted to notifications@freemarker.apache.org by dd...@apache.org on 2017/08/08 17:56:58 UTC

[08/17] incubator-freemarker git commit: Renamed XxxUtil classes to XxxUtils, as this convention is more widespread nowadays.

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/OverloadedNumberUtils.java
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diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/OverloadedNumberUtils.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/OverloadedNumberUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ffe937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/OverloadedNumberUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1289 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.freemarker.core.model.impl;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+
+import org.apache.freemarker.core.model.TemplateNumberModel;
+import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._ClassUtils;
+import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._NumberUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Everything related to coercion to ambiguous numerical types.  
+ */
+class OverloadedNumberUtils {
+
+    // Can't be instantiated
+    private OverloadedNumberUtils() { }
+
+    /**
+     * The lower limit of conversion prices where there's a risk of significant mantissa loss.
+     * The value comes from misc/overloadedNumberRules/prices.ods and generator.ftl.
+     */
+    static final int BIG_MANTISSA_LOSS_PRICE = 4 * 10000;
+    
+    /** The highest long that can be stored in double without precision loss: 2**53. */
+    private static final long MAX_DOUBLE_OR_LONG = 9007199254740992L;
+    /** The lowest long that can be stored in double without precision loss: -(2**53). */
+    private static final long MIN_DOUBLE_OR_LONG = -9007199254740992L;
+    private static final int MAX_DOUBLE_OR_LONG_LOG_2 = 53;
+    
+    /** The highest long that can be stored in float without precision loss: 2**24. */
+    private static final int MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT = 16777216;
+    /** The lowest long that can be stored in float without precision loss: -(2**24). */
+    private static final int MIN_FLOAT_OR_INT = -16777216;
+    private static final int MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT_LOG_2 = 24;
+    /** Lowest number that we don't thread as possible integer 0. */
+    private static final double LOWEST_ABOVE_ZERO = 0.000001;
+    /** Highest number that we don't thread as possible integer 1. */
+    private static final double HIGHEST_BELOW_ONE = 0.999999;
+
+    /**
+     * Attaches the lowest alternative number type to the parameter number via {@link NumberWithFallbackType}, if
+     * that's useful according the possible target number types. This transformation is applied on the method call
+     * argument list before overloaded method selection.
+     * 
+     * <p>Note that as of this writing, this method is only used when
+     * {@link DefaultObjectWrapper#getIncompatibleImprovements()} >= 2.3.21.
+     * 
+     * <p>Why's this needed, how it works: Overloaded method selection only selects methods where the <em>type</em>
+     * (not the value!) of the argument is "smaller" or the same as the parameter type. This is similar to how it's in
+     * the Java language. That it only decides based on the parameter type is important because this way
+     * {@link OverloadedMethodsSubset} can cache method lookup decisions using the types as the cache key. Problem is,
+     * since you don't declare the exact numerical types in FTL, and FTL has only a single generic numeric type
+     * anyway, what Java type a {@link TemplateNumberModel} uses internally is often seen as a technical detail of which
+     * the template author can't always keep track of. So we investigate the <em>value</em> of the number too,
+     * then coerce it down without overflow to a type that will match the most overloaded methods. (This
+     * is especially important as FTL often stores numbers in {@link BigDecimal}-s, which will hardly ever match any
+     * method parameters.) We could simply return that number, like {@code Byte(0)} for an {@code Integer(0)},
+     * however, then we would lose the information about what the original type was. The original type is sometimes
+     * important, as in ambiguous situations the method where there's an exact type match should be selected (like,
+     * when someone wants to select an overload explicitly with {@code m(x?int)}). Also, if an overload wins where
+     * the parameter type at the position of the number is {@code Number} or {@code Object} (or {@code Comparable}
+     * etc.), it's expected that we pass in the original value (an {@code Integer} in this example), especially if that
+     * value is the return value of another Java method. That's why we use
+     * {@link NumberWithFallbackType} numerical classes like {@link IntegerOrByte}, which represents both the original
+     * type and the coerced type, all encoded into the class of the value, which is used as the overloaded method lookup
+     * cache key.
+     *  
+     * <p>See also: <tt>src\main\misc\overloadedNumberRules\prices.ods</tt>.
+     * 
+     * @param num the number to coerce
+     * @param typeFlags the type flags of the target parameter position; see {@link TypeFlags}
+     * 
+     * @returns The original number or a {@link NumberWithFallbackType}, depending on the actual value and the types
+     *     indicated in the {@code targetNumTypes} parameter.
+     */
+    static Number addFallbackType(final Number num, final int typeFlags) {
+        final Class numClass = num.getClass();
+        if (numClass == BigDecimal.class) {
+            // For now we only support the backward-compatible mode that doesn't prevent roll overs and magnitude loss.
+            // However, we push the overloaded selection to the right direction, so we will at least indicate if the
+            // number has decimals.
+            BigDecimal n = (BigDecimal) num; 
+            if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.MASK_KNOWN_INTEGERS) != 0
+                    && (typeFlags & TypeFlags.MASK_KNOWN_NONINTEGERS) != 0
+                    && _NumberUtils.isIntegerBigDecimal(n) /* <- can be expensive */) {
+                return new IntegerBigDecimal(n);
+            } else {
+                // Either it was a non-integer, or it didn't mater what it was, as we don't have both integer and
+                // non-integer target types. 
+                return n;
+            }
+        } else if (numClass == Integer.class) {
+            int pn = num.intValue();
+            // Note that we try to return the most specific type (i.e., the numerical type with the smallest range), but
+            // only among the types that are possible targets. Like if the only target is int and the value is 1, we
+            // will return Integer 1, not Byte 1, even though byte is automatically converted to int so it would
+            // work too. Why we avoid unnecessarily specific types is that they generate more overloaded method lookup
+            // cache entries, since the cache key is the array of the types of the argument values. So we want as few
+            // permutations as possible. 
+            if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.BYTE) != 0 && pn <= Byte.MAX_VALUE && pn >= Byte.MIN_VALUE) {
+                return new IntegerOrByte((Integer) num, (byte) pn);
+            } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.SHORT) != 0 && pn <= Short.MAX_VALUE && pn >= Short.MIN_VALUE) {
+                return new IntegerOrShort((Integer) num, (short) pn);
+            } else {
+                return num;
+            }
+        } else if (numClass == Long.class) {
+            final long pn = num.longValue(); 
+            if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.BYTE) != 0 && pn <= Byte.MAX_VALUE && pn >= Byte.MIN_VALUE) {
+                return new LongOrByte((Long) num, (byte) pn);
+            } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.SHORT) != 0 && pn <= Short.MAX_VALUE && pn >= Short.MIN_VALUE) {
+                return new LongOrShort((Long) num, (short) pn);
+            } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.INTEGER) != 0 && pn <= Integer.MAX_VALUE && pn >= Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
+                return new LongOrInteger((Long) num, (int) pn);
+            } else {
+                return num;
+            }
+        } else if (numClass == Double.class) {
+            final double doubleN = num.doubleValue();
+            
+            // Can we store it in an integer type?
+            checkIfWholeNumber: do {
+                if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.MASK_KNOWN_INTEGERS) == 0) break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                
+                // There's no hope to be 1-precise outside this region. (Although problems can occur even inside it...)
+                if (doubleN > MAX_DOUBLE_OR_LONG || doubleN < MIN_DOUBLE_OR_LONG) break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                
+                long longN = num.longValue(); 
+                double diff = doubleN - longN;
+                boolean exact;  // We will try to ignore precision glitches (like 0.3 - 0.2 - 0.1 = -2.7E-17)
+                if (diff == 0) {
+                    exact = true;
+                } else if (diff > 0) {
+                    if (diff < LOWEST_ABOVE_ZERO) {
+                        exact = false;
+                    } else if (diff > HIGHEST_BELOW_ONE) {
+                        exact = false;
+                        longN++;
+                    } else {
+                        break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                    }
+                } else {  // => diff < 0
+                    if (diff > -LOWEST_ABOVE_ZERO) {
+                        exact = false;
+                    } else if (diff < -HIGHEST_BELOW_ONE) {
+                        exact = false;
+                        longN--;
+                    } else {
+                        break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                    }
+                }
+                
+                // If we reach this, it can be treated as a whole number.
+                
+                if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.BYTE) != 0
+                        && longN <= Byte.MAX_VALUE && longN >= Byte.MIN_VALUE) {
+                    return new DoubleOrByte((Double) num, (byte) longN);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.SHORT) != 0
+                        && longN <= Short.MAX_VALUE && longN >= Short.MIN_VALUE) {
+                    return new DoubleOrShort((Double) num, (short) longN);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.INTEGER) != 0
+                        && longN <= Integer.MAX_VALUE && longN >= Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
+                    final int intN = (int) longN; 
+                    return (typeFlags & TypeFlags.FLOAT) != 0 && intN >= MIN_FLOAT_OR_INT && intN <= MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT
+                                    ? new DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat((Double) num, intN)
+                                    : new DoubleOrInteger((Double) num, intN);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.LONG) != 0) {
+                    if (exact) {
+                        return new DoubleOrLong((Double) num, longN);
+                    } else {
+                        // We don't deal with non-exact numbers outside the range of int, as we already reach
+                        // ULP 2.384185791015625E-7 there.
+                        if (longN >= Integer.MIN_VALUE && longN <= Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+                            return new DoubleOrLong((Double) num, longN);
+                        } else {
+                            break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                // This point is reached if the double value was out of the range of target integer type(s). 
+                // Falls through!
+            } while (false);
+            // If we reach this that means that it can't be treated as a whole number.
+            
+            if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.FLOAT) != 0 && doubleN >= -Float.MAX_VALUE && doubleN <= Float.MAX_VALUE) {
+                return new DoubleOrFloat((Double) num);
+            } else {
+                // Simply Double:
+                return num;
+            }
+        } else if (numClass == Float.class) {
+            final float floatN = num.floatValue();
+            
+            // Can we store it in an integer type?
+            checkIfWholeNumber: do {
+                if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.MASK_KNOWN_INTEGERS) == 0) break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                
+                // There's no hope to be 1-precise outside this region. (Although problems can occur even inside it...)
+                if (floatN > MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT || floatN < MIN_FLOAT_OR_INT) break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                
+                int intN = num.intValue();
+                double diff = floatN - intN;
+                boolean exact;  // We will try to ignore precision glitches (like 0.3 - 0.2 - 0.1 = -2.7E-17)
+                if (diff == 0) {
+                    exact = true;
+                // We already reach ULP 7.6293945E-6 with bytes, so we don't continue with shorts.
+                } else if (intN >= Byte.MIN_VALUE && intN <= Byte.MAX_VALUE) {
+                    if (diff > 0) {
+                        if (diff < 0.00001) {
+                            exact = false;
+                        } else if (diff > 0.99999) {
+                            exact = false;
+                            intN++;
+                        } else {
+                            break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                        }
+                    } else {  // => diff < 0
+                        if (diff > -0.00001) {
+                            exact = false;
+                        } else if (diff < -0.99999) {
+                            exact = false;
+                            intN--;
+                        } else {
+                            break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    break checkIfWholeNumber;
+                }
+                
+                // If we reach this, it can be treated as a whole number.
+                
+                if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.BYTE) != 0 && intN <= Byte.MAX_VALUE && intN >= Byte.MIN_VALUE) {
+                    return new FloatOrByte((Float) num, (byte) intN);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.SHORT) != 0 && intN <= Short.MAX_VALUE && intN >= Short.MIN_VALUE) {
+                    return new FloatOrShort((Float) num, (short) intN);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.INTEGER) != 0) {
+                    return new FloatOrInteger((Float) num, intN);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.LONG) != 0) {
+                    // We can't even go outside the range of integers, so we don't need Long variation:
+                    return exact
+                            ? new FloatOrInteger((Float) num, intN)
+                            : new FloatOrByte((Float) num, (byte) intN);  // as !exact implies (-128..127)
+                }
+                // This point is reached if the float value was out of the range of target integer type(s). 
+                // Falls through!
+            } while (false);
+            // If we reach this that means that it can't be treated as a whole number. So it's simply a Float:
+            return num;
+        } else if (numClass == Byte.class) {
+            return num;
+        } else if (numClass == Short.class) {
+            short pn = num.shortValue(); 
+            if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.BYTE) != 0 && pn <= Byte.MAX_VALUE && pn >= Byte.MIN_VALUE) {
+                return new ShortOrByte((Short) num, (byte) pn);
+            } else {
+                return num;
+            }
+        } else if (numClass == BigInteger.class) {
+            if ((typeFlags
+                    & ((TypeFlags.MASK_KNOWN_INTEGERS | TypeFlags.MASK_KNOWN_NONINTEGERS)
+                            ^ (TypeFlags.BIG_INTEGER | TypeFlags.BIG_DECIMAL))) != 0) {
+                BigInteger biNum = (BigInteger) num;
+                final int bitLength = biNum.bitLength();  // Doesn't include sign bit, so it's one less than expected
+                if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.BYTE) != 0 && bitLength <= 7) {
+                    return new BigIntegerOrByte(biNum);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.SHORT) != 0 && bitLength <= 15) {
+                    return new BigIntegerOrShort(biNum);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.INTEGER) != 0 && bitLength <= 31) {
+                    return new BigIntegerOrInteger(biNum);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.LONG) != 0 && bitLength <= 63) {
+                    return new BigIntegerOrLong(biNum);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.FLOAT) != 0
+                        && (bitLength <= MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT_LOG_2
+                            || bitLength == MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT_LOG_2 + 1
+                               && biNum.getLowestSetBit() >= MAX_FLOAT_OR_INT_LOG_2)) {
+                    return new BigIntegerOrFloat(biNum);
+                } else if ((typeFlags & TypeFlags.DOUBLE) != 0
+                        && (bitLength <= MAX_DOUBLE_OR_LONG_LOG_2
+                            || bitLength == MAX_DOUBLE_OR_LONG_LOG_2 + 1
+                               && biNum.getLowestSetBit() >= MAX_DOUBLE_OR_LONG_LOG_2)) {
+                    return new BigIntegerOrDouble(biNum);
+                } else {
+                    return num;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // No relevant coercion target types; return the BigInteger as is:
+                return num;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Unknown number type:
+            return num;
+        }
+    }
+
+    interface ByteSource { Byte byteValue(); }
+    interface ShortSource { Short shortValue(); }
+    interface IntegerSource { Integer integerValue(); }
+    interface LongSource { Long longValue(); }
+    interface FloatSource { Float floatValue(); }
+    interface DoubleSource { Double doubleValue(); }
+    interface BigIntegerSource { BigInteger bigIntegerValue(); }
+    interface BigDecimalSource { BigDecimal bigDecimalValue(); }
+    
+    /**
+     * Superclass of "Or"-ed numerical types. With an example, a {@code int} 1 has the fallback type {@code byte}, as
+     * that's the smallest type that can store the value, so it can be represented as an {@link IntegerOrByte}.
+     * This is useful as overloaded method selection only examines the type of the arguments, not the value of them,
+     * but with "Or"-ed types we can encode this value-related information into the argument type, hence influencing the
+     * method selection.
+     */
+    abstract static class NumberWithFallbackType extends Number implements Comparable {
+        
+        protected abstract Number getSourceNumber();
+
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return getSourceNumber().intValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return getSourceNumber().longValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public float floatValue() {
+            return getSourceNumber().floatValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public double doubleValue() {
+            return getSourceNumber().doubleValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public byte byteValue() {
+            return getSourceNumber().byteValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return getSourceNumber().shortValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return getSourceNumber().hashCode();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+            if (obj != null && getClass() == obj.getClass()) {
+                return getSourceNumber().equals(((NumberWithFallbackType) obj).getSourceNumber());
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return getSourceNumber().toString();
+        }
+
+        // We have to implement this, so that if a potential matching method expects a Comparable, which is implemented
+        // by all the supported numerical types, the "Or" type will be a match. 
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(Object o) {
+            Number n = getSourceNumber();
+            if (n instanceof Comparable) {
+                return ((Comparable) n).compareTo(o); 
+            } else {
+                throw new ClassCastException(n.getClass().getName() + " is not Comparable.");
+            }
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds a {@link BigDecimal} that stores a whole number. When selecting a overloaded method, FreeMarker tries to
+     * associate {@link BigDecimal} values to parameters of types that can hold non-whole numbers, unless the
+     * {@link BigDecimal} is wrapped into this class, in which case it does the opposite. This mechanism is, however,
+     * too rough to prevent roll overs or magnitude losses. Those are not yet handled for backward compatibility (they
+     * were suppressed earlier too).
+     */
+    static final class IntegerBigDecimal extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+
+        private final BigDecimal n;
+        
+        IntegerBigDecimal(BigDecimal n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+        public BigInteger bigIntegerValue() {
+            return n.toBigInteger();
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    static abstract class LongOrSmallerInteger extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+        
+        private final Long n;
+        
+        protected LongOrSmallerInteger(Long n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return n.longValue();
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static class LongOrByte extends LongOrSmallerInteger {
+        
+        private final byte w; 
+
+        LongOrByte(Long n, byte w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public byte byteValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static class LongOrShort extends LongOrSmallerInteger {
+        
+        private final short w; 
+
+        LongOrShort(Long n, short w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static class LongOrInteger extends LongOrSmallerInteger {
+        
+        private final int w; 
+
+        LongOrInteger(Long n, int w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static abstract class IntegerOrSmallerInteger extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+        
+        private final Integer n;
+        
+        protected IntegerOrSmallerInteger(Integer n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return n.intValue();
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static class IntegerOrByte extends IntegerOrSmallerInteger {
+        
+        private final byte w; 
+
+        IntegerOrByte(Integer n, byte w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public byte byteValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static class IntegerOrShort extends IntegerOrSmallerInteger {
+        
+        private final short w; 
+
+        IntegerOrShort(Integer n, short w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static class ShortOrByte extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+        
+        private final Short n;
+        private final byte w;
+        
+        protected ShortOrByte(Short n, byte w) {
+            this.n = n;
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return n.shortValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public byte byteValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static abstract class DoubleOrWholeNumber extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+        
+        private final Double n; 
+
+        protected DoubleOrWholeNumber(Double n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public double doubleValue() {
+            return n.doubleValue();
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class DoubleOrByte extends DoubleOrWholeNumber {
+        
+        private final byte w;
+
+        DoubleOrByte(Double n, byte w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public byte byteValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class DoubleOrShort extends DoubleOrWholeNumber {
+        
+        private final short w;
+
+        DoubleOrShort(Double n, short w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat extends DoubleOrWholeNumber {
+
+        private final int w;
+
+        DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat(Double n, int w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class DoubleOrInteger extends DoubleOrWholeNumber {
+
+        private final int w;
+
+        DoubleOrInteger(Double n, int w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class DoubleOrLong extends DoubleOrWholeNumber {
+
+        private final long w;
+
+        DoubleOrLong(Double n, long w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class DoubleOrFloat extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+        
+        private final Double n;
+
+        DoubleOrFloat(Double n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public float floatValue() {
+            return n.floatValue();
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public double doubleValue() {
+            return n.doubleValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    static abstract class FloatOrWholeNumber extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+        
+        private final Float n; 
+
+        FloatOrWholeNumber(Float n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public float floatValue() {
+            return n.floatValue();
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class FloatOrByte extends FloatOrWholeNumber {
+        
+        private final byte w;
+
+        FloatOrByte(Float n, byte w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public byte byteValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    static final class FloatOrShort extends FloatOrWholeNumber {
+        
+        private final short w;
+
+        FloatOrShort(Float n, short w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public short shortValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    static final class FloatOrInteger extends FloatOrWholeNumber {
+        
+        private final int w;
+
+        FloatOrInteger(Float n, int w) {
+            super(n);
+            this.w = w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public int intValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+        @Override
+        public long longValue() {
+            return w;
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    abstract static class BigIntegerOrPrimitive extends NumberWithFallbackType {
+
+        protected final BigInteger n;
+        
+        BigIntegerOrPrimitive(BigInteger n) {
+            this.n = n;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Number getSourceNumber() {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    final static class BigIntegerOrByte extends BigIntegerOrPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrByte(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+
+    }
+    
+    final static class BigIntegerOrShort extends BigIntegerOrPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrShort(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+
+    }
+    
+    final static class BigIntegerOrInteger extends BigIntegerOrPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrInteger(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+
+    }
+    
+    final static class BigIntegerOrLong extends BigIntegerOrPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrLong(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    abstract static class BigIntegerOrFPPrimitive extends BigIntegerOrPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrFPPrimitive(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+
+        /** Faster version of {@link BigDecimal#floatValue()}, utilizes that the number known to fit into a long. */
+        @Override
+        public float floatValue() {
+            return n.longValue(); 
+        }
+        
+        /** Faster version of {@link BigDecimal#doubleValue()}, utilizes that the number known to fit into a long. */
+        @Override
+        public double doubleValue() {
+            return n.longValue(); 
+        }
+
+    }
+    
+    final static class BigIntegerOrFloat extends BigIntegerOrFPPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrFloat(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+
+    }
+    
+    final static class BigIntegerOrDouble extends BigIntegerOrFPPrimitive {
+
+        BigIntegerOrDouble(BigInteger n) {
+            super(n);
+        }
+        
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * Returns a non-negative number that indicates how much we want to avoid a given numerical type conversion. Since
+     * we only consider the types here, not the actual value, we always consider the worst case scenario. Like it will
+     * say that converting int to short is not allowed, although int 1 can be converted to byte without loss. To account
+     * for such situations, "Or"-ed types, like {@link IntegerOrByte} has to be used. 
+     * 
+     * @param fromC the non-primitive type of the argument (with other words, the actual type).
+     *        Must be {@link Number} or its subclass. This is possibly an {@link NumberWithFallbackType} subclass.
+     * @param toC the <em>non-primitive</em> type of the target parameter (with other words, the format type).
+     *        Must be a {@link Number} subclass, not {@link Number} itself.
+     *        Must <em>not</em> be {@link NumberWithFallbackType} or its subclass.
+     * 
+     * @return
+     *     <p>The possible values are:
+     *     <ul>
+     *       <li>0: No conversion is needed
+     *       <li>[0, 30000): Lossless conversion
+     *       <li>[30000, 40000): Smaller precision loss in mantissa is possible.
+     *       <li>[40000, 50000): Bigger precision loss in mantissa is possible.
+     *       <li>{@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}: Conversion not allowed due to the possibility of magnitude loss or
+     *          overflow</li>
+     *     </ul>
+     * 
+     *     <p>At some places, we only care if the conversion is possible, i.e., whether the return value is
+     *     {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE} or not. But when multiple overloaded methods have an argument type to which we
+     *     could convert to, this number will influence which of those will be chosen.
+     */
+    static int getArgumentConversionPrice(Class fromC, Class toC) {
+        // DO NOT EDIT, generated code!
+        // See: src\main\misc\overloadedNumberRules\README.txt
+        if (toC == fromC) {
+            return 0;
+        } else if (toC == Integer.class) {
+            if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 31003;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 41003;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 10003;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return 21003;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return 22003;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return 22003;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 22003;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 21003;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return 10003;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 21003;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 10003;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return 21003;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 21003;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 21003;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return 16003;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 16003;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 22003;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 16003;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == Long.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return 10004;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 31004;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 41004;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 10004;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 10004;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return 10004;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 10004;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return 15004;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return 15004;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 15004;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 10004;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 21004;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 15004;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == Double.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 32007;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 32007;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return 30007;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return 10007;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return 21007;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 21007;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 21007;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return 10007;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 10007;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 10007;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return 30007;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 20007;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 20007;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == Float.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return 30006;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 33006;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 33006;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return 40006;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 20006;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return 30006;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return 30006;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return 23006;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return 30006;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return 40006;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 24006;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 23006;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 24006;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return 20006;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 24006;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 20006;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return 30006;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return 40006;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return 40006;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return 24006;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 24006;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 24006;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 23006;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 24006;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == Byte.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 35001;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 45001;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 22001;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 25001;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 23001;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 21001;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 23001;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 18001;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == Short.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 34002;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 44002;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 10002;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 21002;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 24002;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 22002;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 22002;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 22002;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 22002;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 17002;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 21002;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 24002;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 17002;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == BigDecimal.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == BigInteger.class) return 10008;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return 10008;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return 10008;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return 10008;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return 10008;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 10008;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 20008;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 10008;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else if (toC == BigInteger.class) {
+            if (fromC == Integer.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerBigDecimal.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == BigDecimal.class) return 40005;
+            else if (fromC == Long.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == Double.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Float.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == Byte.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrInteger.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrFloat.class) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrIntegerOrFloat.class) return 21005;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrInteger.class) return 21005;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrLong.class) return 21005;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrByte.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrByte.class) return 21005;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrByte.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == Short.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == LongOrShort.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == ShortOrByte.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrInteger.class) return 25005;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrByte.class) return 25005;
+            else if (fromC == FloatOrShort.class) return 25005;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrInteger.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrLong.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrDouble.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrFloat.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrByte.class) return 0;
+            else if (fromC == IntegerOrShort.class) return 10005;
+            else if (fromC == DoubleOrShort.class) return 21005;
+            else if (fromC == BigIntegerOrShort.class) return 0;
+            else return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        } else {
+            // Unknown toC; we don't know how to convert to it:
+            return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        }        
+    }
+
+    static int compareNumberTypeSpecificity(Class c1, Class c2) {
+        // DO NOT EDIT, generated code!
+        // See: src\main\misc\overloadedNumberRules\README.txt
+        c1 = _ClassUtils.primitiveClassToBoxingClass(c1);
+        c2 = _ClassUtils.primitiveClassToBoxingClass(c2);
+        
+        if (c1 == c2) return 0;
+        
+        if (c1 == Integer.class) {
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 3;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 3;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 3;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 3;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 3;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 3;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 3;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == Long.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 4;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 4;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 4;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 4;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 4;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 4;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 4;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == Double.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 7;
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 7;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 7;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 7;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 7;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 7;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 7;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == Float.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 6;
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 6;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 6;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 6;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 6;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 6;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 6;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == Byte.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 1;
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 1;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 1;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 1;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 1;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 1;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 1;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == Short.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 2;
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 2;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 2;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 2;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 2;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 2;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 2;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == BigDecimal.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 8;
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 8;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 8;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 8;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 8;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 8;
+            if (c2 == BigInteger.class) return 5 - 8;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (c1 == BigInteger.class) {
+            if (c2 == Integer.class) return 3 - 5;
+            if (c2 == Long.class) return 4 - 5;
+            if (c2 == Double.class) return 7 - 5;
+            if (c2 == Float.class) return 6 - 5;
+            if (c2 == Byte.class) return 1 - 5;
+            if (c2 == Short.class) return 2 - 5;
+            if (c2 == BigDecimal.class) return 8 - 5;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+}

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor.java
index eb2ade5..afa1cb1 100644
--- a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor.java
+++ b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor.java
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ final class ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor extends CallableMemberDescriptor
 
     @Override
     String getDeclaration() {
-        return _MethodUtil.toString(member);
+        return _MethodUtils.toString(member);
     }
     
     @Override
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ final class ReflectionCallableMemberDescriptor extends CallableMemberDescriptor
 
     @Override
     boolean isVarargs() {
-        return _MethodUtil.isVarargs(member);
+        return _MethodUtils.isVarargs(member);
     }
 
     @Override

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/RestrictedObjectWrapper.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/RestrictedObjectWrapper.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/RestrictedObjectWrapper.java
index 12ac9e0..c655b93 100644
--- a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/RestrictedObjectWrapper.java
+++ b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/RestrictedObjectWrapper.java
@@ -83,14 +83,14 @@ public class RestrictedObjectWrapper extends DefaultObjectWrapper {
                 throw new IllegalStateException("build() can only be executed once.");
             }
 
-            RestrictedObjectWrapper singleton = DefaultObjectWrapperTCCLSingletonUtil.getSingleton(
+            RestrictedObjectWrapper singleton = DefaultObjectWrapperTCCLSingletonUtils.getSingleton(
                     this, INSTANCE_CACHE, INSTANCE_CACHE_REF_QUEUE, ConstructorInvoker.INSTANCE);
             alreadyBuilt = true;
             return singleton;
         }
 
         private static class ConstructorInvoker
-                implements DefaultObjectWrapperTCCLSingletonUtil._ConstructorInvoker<RestrictedObjectWrapper, Builder> {
+                implements DefaultObjectWrapperTCCLSingletonUtils._ConstructorInvoker<RestrictedObjectWrapper, Builder> {
 
             private static final ConstructorInvoker INSTANCE = new ConstructorInvoker();
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleJavaMethodModel.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleJavaMethodModel.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleJavaMethodModel.java
index d27d131..6438596 100644
--- a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleJavaMethodModel.java
+++ b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleJavaMethodModel.java
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public final class SimpleJavaMethodModel extends SimpleMethod implements JavaMet
         } catch (TemplateModelException e) {
             throw e;
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw _MethodUtil.newInvocationTemplateModelException(object, getMember(), e);
+            throw _MethodUtils.newInvocationTemplateModelException(object, getMember(), e);
         }
     }
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleMethod.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleMethod.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleMethod.java
index cebcaf8..b1d756c 100644
--- a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleMethod.java
+++ b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/SimpleMethod.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.freemarker.core.model.ObjectWrapperAndUnwrapper;
 import org.apache.freemarker.core.model.TemplateMarkupOutputModel;
 import org.apache.freemarker.core.model.TemplateModel;
 import org.apache.freemarker.core.model.TemplateModelException;
-import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._ClassUtil;
+import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._ClassUtils;
 
 /**
  * This class is used as a base for non-overloaded method models and for constructors.
@@ -54,19 +54,19 @@ class SimpleMethod {
         if (args == null) {
             args = _CallableUtils.EMPTY_TEMPLATE_MODEL_ARRAY;
         }
-        boolean isVarArg = _MethodUtil.isVarargs(member);
+        boolean isVarArg = _MethodUtils.isVarargs(member);
         int typesLen = argTypes.length;
         if (isVarArg) {
             if (typesLen - 1 > args.length) {
                 throw new _TemplateModelException(
-                        _MethodUtil.invocationErrorMessageStart(member),
+                        _MethodUtils.invocationErrorMessageStart(member),
                         " takes at least ", typesLen - 1,
                         typesLen - 1 == 1 ? " argument" : " arguments", ", but ",
                         args.length, " was given.");
             }
         } else if (typesLen != args.length) {
             throw new _TemplateModelException(
-                    _MethodUtil.invocationErrorMessageStart(member), 
+                    _MethodUtils.invocationErrorMessageStart(member),
                     " takes ", typesLen, typesLen == 1 ? " argument" : " arguments", ", but ",
                     args.length, " was given.");
         }
@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ class SimpleMethod {
     private TemplateModelException createArgumentTypeMismatchException(
             int argIdx, TemplateModel argVal, Class<?> targetType) {
         _ErrorDescriptionBuilder desc = new _ErrorDescriptionBuilder(
-                _MethodUtil.invocationErrorMessageStart(member), " couldn't be called: Can't convert the ",
+                _MethodUtils.invocationErrorMessageStart(member), " couldn't be called: Can't convert the ",
                 new _DelayedOrdinal(argIdx + 1),
-                " argument's value to the target Java type, ", _ClassUtil.getShortClassName(targetType),
+                " argument's value to the target Java type, ", _ClassUtils.getShortClassName(targetType),
                 ". The type of the actual value was: ", new _DelayedFTLTypeDescription(argVal));
         if (argVal instanceof TemplateMarkupOutputModel && (targetType.isAssignableFrom(String.class))) {
             desc.tip(MARKUP_OUTPUT_TO_STRING_TIP);
@@ -160,9 +160,9 @@ class SimpleMethod {
 
     private TemplateModelException createNullToPrimitiveArgumentException(int argIdx, Class<?> targetType) {
         return new _TemplateModelException(
-                _MethodUtil.invocationErrorMessageStart(member), " couldn't be called: The value of the ",
+                _MethodUtils.invocationErrorMessageStart(member), " couldn't be called: The value of the ",
                 new _DelayedOrdinal(argIdx + 1),
-                " argument was null, but the target Java parameter type (", _ClassUtil.getShortClassName(targetType),
+                " argument was null, but the target Java parameter type (", _ClassUtils.getShortClassName(targetType),
                 ") is primitive and so can't store null.");
     }
     

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/UnsafeMethods.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/UnsafeMethods.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/UnsafeMethods.java
index 1b6d246..f1b54bf 100644
--- a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/UnsafeMethods.java
+++ b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/UnsafeMethods.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.StringTokenizer;
 
-import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._ClassUtil;
+import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._ClassUtils;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class UnsafeMethods {
         NoSuchMethodException {
         int brace = methodSpec.indexOf('(');
         int dot = methodSpec.lastIndexOf('.', brace);
-        Class clazz = _ClassUtil.forName(methodSpec.substring(0, dot));
+        Class clazz = _ClassUtils.forName(methodSpec.substring(0, dot));
         String methodName = methodSpec.substring(dot + 1, brace);
         String argSpec = methodSpec.substring(brace + 1, methodSpec.length() - 1);
         StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer(argSpec, ",");
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class UnsafeMethods {
             String argClassName = tok.nextToken();
             argTypes[i] = (Class) primClasses.get(argClassName);
             if (argTypes[i] == null) {
-                argTypes[i] = _ClassUtil.forName(argClassName);
+                argTypes[i] = _ClassUtils.forName(argClassName);
             }
         }
         return clazz.getMethod(methodName, argTypes);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker/blob/ebb39b84/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/_MethodUtil.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/_MethodUtil.java b/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/_MethodUtil.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 004ebaa..0000000
--- a/freemarker-core/src/main/java/org/apache/freemarker/core/model/impl/_MethodUtil.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,319 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
- * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
- * distributed with this work for additional information
- * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
- * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
- * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
- * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
- * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
- * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
- * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
- * specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-package org.apache.freemarker.core.model.impl;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
-import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
-import java.lang.reflect.Member;
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-import org.apache.freemarker.core._DelayedConversionToString;
-import org.apache.freemarker.core._DelayedJQuote;
-import org.apache.freemarker.core._TemplateModelException;
-import org.apache.freemarker.core.model.TemplateModelException;
-import org.apache.freemarker.core.util.BugException;
-import org.apache.freemarker.core.util._ClassUtil;
-
-/**
- * For internal use only; don't depend on this, there's no backward compatibility guarantee at all!
- */
-public final class _MethodUtil {
-    
-    private _MethodUtil() {
-        // Not meant to be instantiated
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Determines whether the type given as the 1st argument is convertible to the type given as the 2nd argument
-     * for method call argument conversion. This follows the rules of the Java reflection-based method call, except
-     * that since we don't have the value here, a boxed class is never seen as convertible to a primitive type. 
-     * 
-     * @return 0 means {@code false}, non-0 means {@code true}.
-     *         That is, 0 is returned less specificity or incomparable specificity, also when if
-     *         then method was aborted because of {@code ifHigherThan}.
-     *         The absolute value of the returned non-0 number symbolizes how more specific it is:
-     *         <ul>
-     *           <li>1: The two classes are identical</li>
-     *           <li>2: The 1st type is primitive, the 2nd type is the corresponding boxing class</li>
-     *           <li>3: Both classes are numerical, and one is convertible into the other with widening conversion.
-     *                  E.g., {@code int} is convertible to {@code long} and {#code double}, hence {@code int} is more
-     *                  specific.
-     *                  This ignores primitive VS boxed mismatches, except that a boxed class is never seen as
-     *                  convertible to a primitive class.</li>
-     *           <li>4: One class is {@code instanceof} of the other, but they aren't identical.
-     *               But unlike in Java, primitive numerical types are {@code instanceof} {@link Number} here.</li>
-     *         </ul> 
-     */
-    // TODO Seems that we don't use the full functionality of this anymore, so we could simplify this. See usages.
-    static int isMoreOrSameSpecificParameterType(final Class<?> specific, final Class<?> generic, boolean bugfixed,
-            int ifHigherThan) {
-        if (ifHigherThan >= 4) return 0;
-        if (generic.isAssignableFrom(specific)) {
-            // Identity or widening reference conversion:
-            return generic == specific ? 1 : 4;
-        } else {
-            final boolean specificIsPrim = specific.isPrimitive(); 
-            final boolean genericIsPrim = generic.isPrimitive();
-            if (specificIsPrim) {
-                if (genericIsPrim) {
-                    if (ifHigherThan >= 3) return 0;
-                    return isWideningPrimitiveNumberConversion(specific, generic) ? 3 : 0;
-                } else {  // => specificIsPrim && !genericIsPrim
-                    if (bugfixed) {
-                        final Class<?> specificAsBoxed = _ClassUtil.primitiveClassToBoxingClass(specific);
-                        if (specificAsBoxed == generic) {
-                            // A primitive class is more specific than its boxing class, because it can't store null
-                            return 2;
-                        } else if (generic.isAssignableFrom(specificAsBoxed)) {
-                            // Note: This only occurs if `specific` is a primitive numerical, and `generic == Number`
-                            return 4;
-                        } else if (ifHigherThan >= 3) {
-                            return 0;
-                        } else if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(specificAsBoxed)
-                                && Number.class.isAssignableFrom(generic)) {
-                            return isWideningBoxedNumberConversion(specificAsBoxed, generic) ? 3 : 0;
-                        } else {
-                            return 0;
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        return 0;
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {  // => !specificIsPrim
-                if (ifHigherThan >= 3) return 0;
-                if (bugfixed && !genericIsPrim
-                        && Number.class.isAssignableFrom(specific) && Number.class.isAssignableFrom(generic)) {
-                    return isWideningBoxedNumberConversion(specific, generic) ? 3 : 0;
-                } else {
-                    return 0;
-                }
-            }
-        }  // of: !generic.isAssignableFrom(specific) 
-    }
-
-    private static boolean isWideningPrimitiveNumberConversion(final Class<?> source, final Class<?> target) {
-        if (target == Short.TYPE && (source == Byte.TYPE)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Integer.TYPE && 
-           (source == Short.TYPE || source == Byte.TYPE)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Long.TYPE && 
-           (source == Integer.TYPE || source == Short.TYPE || 
-            source == Byte.TYPE)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Float.TYPE && 
-           (source == Long.TYPE || source == Integer.TYPE || 
-            source == Short.TYPE || source == Byte.TYPE)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Double.TYPE && 
-           (source == Float.TYPE || source == Long.TYPE || 
-            source == Integer.TYPE || source == Short.TYPE || 
-            source == Byte.TYPE)) {
-            return true; 
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static boolean isWideningBoxedNumberConversion(final Class<?> source, final Class<?> target) {
-        if (target == Short.class && source == Byte.class) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Integer.class && 
-           (source == Short.class || source == Byte.class)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Long.class && 
-           (source == Integer.class || source == Short.class || 
-            source == Byte.class)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Float.class && 
-           (source == Long.class || source == Integer.class || 
-            source == Short.class || source == Byte.class)) {
-            return true;
-        } else if (target == Double.class && 
-           (source == Float.class || source == Long.class || 
-            source == Integer.class || source == Short.class || 
-            source == Byte.class)) {
-            return true; 
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Attention, this doesn't handle primitive classes correctly, nor numerical conversions.
-     */
-    static Set<Class<?>> getAssignables(Class<?> c1, Class<?> c2) {
-        Set<Class<?>> s = new HashSet<>();
-        collectAssignables(c1, c2, s);
-        return s;
-    }
-    
-    private static void collectAssignables(Class<?> c1, Class<?> c2, Set<Class<?>> s) {
-        if (c1.isAssignableFrom(c2)) {
-            s.add(c1);
-        }
-        Class<?> sc = c1.getSuperclass();
-        if (sc != null) {
-            collectAssignables(sc, c2, s);
-        }
-        Class<?>[] itf = c1.getInterfaces();
-        for (Class<?> anItf : itf) {
-            collectAssignables(anItf, c2, s);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static Class<?>[] getParameterTypes(Member member) {
-        if (member instanceof Method) {
-            return ((Method) member).getParameterTypes();
-        }
-        if (member instanceof Constructor<?>) {
-            return ((Constructor<?>) member).getParameterTypes();
-        }
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException("\"member\" must be Method or Constructor");
-    }
-
-    static boolean isVarargs(Member member) {
-        if (member instanceof Method) { 
-            return ((Method) member).isVarArgs();
-        }
-        if (member instanceof Constructor) {
-            return ((Constructor<?>) member).isVarArgs();
-        }
-        throw new BugException();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns a more streamlined method or constructor description than {@code Member.toString()} does.
-     */
-    public static String toString(Member member) {
-        if (!(member instanceof Method || member instanceof Constructor)) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("\"member\" must be a Method or Constructor");
-        }
-        
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-        
-        if ((member.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0) {
-            sb.append("static ");
-        }
-        
-        String className = _ClassUtil.getShortClassName(member.getDeclaringClass());
-        if (className != null) {
-            sb.append(className);
-            sb.append('.');
-        }
-        sb.append(member.getName());
-
-        sb.append('(');
-        Class<?>[] paramTypes = _MethodUtil.getParameterTypes(member);
-        for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
-            if (i != 0) sb.append(", ");
-            String paramTypeDecl = _ClassUtil.getShortClassName(paramTypes[i]);
-            if (i == paramTypes.length - 1 && paramTypeDecl.endsWith("[]") && _MethodUtil.isVarargs(member)) {
-                sb.append(paramTypeDecl.substring(0, paramTypeDecl.length() - 2));
-                sb.append("...");
-            } else {
-                sb.append(paramTypeDecl);
-            }
-        }
-        sb.append(')');
-        
-        return sb.toString();
-    }
-
-    static Object[] invocationErrorMessageStart(Member member) {
-        return invocationErrorMessageStart(member, member instanceof Constructor);
-    }
-    
-    private static Object[] invocationErrorMessageStart(Object member, boolean isConstructor) {
-        return new Object[] { "Java ", isConstructor ? "constructor " : "method ", new _DelayedJQuote(member) };
-    }
-
-    static TemplateModelException newInvocationTemplateModelException(Object object, Member member, Throwable e) {
-        return newInvocationTemplateModelException(
-                object,
-                member,
-                (member.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0,
-                member instanceof Constructor,
-                e);
-    }
-
-    static TemplateModelException newInvocationTemplateModelException(Object object, CallableMemberDescriptor callableMemberDescriptor, Throwable e) {
-        return newInvocationTemplateModelException(
-                object,
-                new _DelayedConversionToString(callableMemberDescriptor) {
-                    @Override
-                    protected String doConversion(Object callableMemberDescriptor) {
-                        return ((CallableMemberDescriptor) callableMemberDescriptor).getDeclaration();
-                    }
-                },
-                callableMemberDescriptor.isStatic(),
-                callableMemberDescriptor.isConstructor(),
-                e);
-    }
-    
-    private static TemplateModelException newInvocationTemplateModelException(
-            Object parentObject, Object member, boolean isStatic, boolean isConstructor, Throwable e) {
-        while (e instanceof InvocationTargetException) {
-            Throwable cause = ((InvocationTargetException) e).getTargetException();
-            if (cause != null) {
-                e = cause;
-            } else {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return new _TemplateModelException(e,
-                invocationErrorMessageStart(member, isConstructor),
-                " threw an exception",
-                isStatic || isConstructor ? "" : new Object[] {
-                    " when invoked on ", parentObject.getClass(), " object ", new _DelayedJQuote(parentObject) 
-                },
-                "; see cause exception in the Java stack trace.");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Extracts the JavaBeans property from a reader method name, or returns {@code null} if the method name doesn't
-     * look like a reader method name.
-     */
-    static String getBeanPropertyNameFromReaderMethodName(String name, Class<?> returnType) {
-        int start;
-        if (name.startsWith("get")) {
-            start = 3;
-        } else if (returnType == boolean.class && name.startsWith("is")) {
-            start = 2;
-        } else {
-            return null;
-        }
-        int ln = name.length();
-
-        if (start == ln) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        char c1 = name.charAt(start);
-
-        return start + 1 < ln && Character.isUpperCase(name.charAt(start + 1)) && Character.isUpperCase(c1)
-                ? name.substring(start) // getFOOBar => "FOOBar" (not lower case) according the JavaBeans spec.
-                : new StringBuilder(ln - start).append(Character.toLowerCase(c1)).append(name, start + 1, ln)
-                .toString();
-    }
-
-}
\ No newline at end of file