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Posted to commits@sentry.apache.org by sp...@apache.org on 2018/05/31 03:32:14 UTC

[36/86] sentry git commit: Revert "SENTRY-2208: Refactor out Sentry service into own module from sentry-provider-db (Anthony Young-Garner, reviewed by Sergio Pena, Steve Moist, Na Li)"

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/sentry/blob/9351d19d/sentry-provider/sentry-provider-db/src/main/java/org/apache/sentry/provider/db/service/persistent/SentryStore.java
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diff --git a/sentry-provider/sentry-provider-db/src/main/java/org/apache/sentry/provider/db/service/persistent/SentryStore.java b/sentry-provider/sentry-provider-db/src/main/java/org/apache/sentry/provider/db/service/persistent/SentryStore.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c4bb37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-provider/sentry-provider-db/src/main/java/org/apache/sentry/provider/db/service/persistent/SentryStore.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4797 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.persistent;
+
+import static org.apache.sentry.core.common.utils.SentryConstants.AUTHORIZABLE_JOINER;
+import static org.apache.sentry.core.common.utils.SentryConstants.KV_JOINER;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.jdo.FetchGroup;
+import javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException;
+import javax.jdo.JDOHelper;
+import javax.jdo.PersistenceManager;
+import javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory;
+import javax.jdo.Query;
+
+import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentryAccessDeniedException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentryAlreadyExistsException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentryGrantDeniedException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentryInvalidInputException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentryNoSuchObjectException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentrySiteConfigurationException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.exception.SentryUserException;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.utils.PathUtils;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.common.utils.SentryConstants;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.model.db.AccessConstants;
+import org.apache.sentry.core.model.db.DBModelAuthorizable.AuthorizableType;
+import org.apache.sentry.hdfs.PathsUpdate;
+import org.apache.sentry.hdfs.UniquePathsUpdate;
+import org.apache.sentry.hdfs.UpdateableAuthzPaths;
+import org.apache.sentry.hdfs.service.thrift.TPrivilegeEntityType;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MAuthzPathsMapping;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MAuthzPathsSnapshotId;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryChange;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryGroup;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryHmsNotification;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryPathChange;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryPermChange;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryPrivilege;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryGMPrivilege;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryRole;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryUser;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryVersion;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MSentryUtil;
+import org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.model.MPath;
+import org.apache.sentry.hdfs.service.thrift.TPrivilegeEntity;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.common.ApiConstants.PrivilegeScope;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.SentryPolicyStoreProcessor;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryActiveRoleSet;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryAuthorizable;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryGrantOption;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryGroup;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryMappingData;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryPrivilege;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryPrivilegeMap;
+import org.apache.sentry.api.service.thrift.TSentryRole;
+import org.apache.sentry.service.common.ServiceConstants.SentryEntityType;
+import org.apache.sentry.service.common.ServiceConstants.ServerConfig;
+import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.exceptions.MissingTableException;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import com.codahale.metrics.Gauge;
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.google.common.base.Function;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.base.Strings;
+import com.google.common.collect.Collections2;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
+import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
+
+import static org.apache.sentry.hdfs.Updateable.Update;
+import static org.apache.sentry.provider.db.service.persistent.QueryParamBuilder.newQueryParamBuilder;
+
+/**
+ * SentryStore is the data access object for Sentry data. Strings
+ * such as role and group names will be normalized to lowercase
+ * in addition to starting and ending whitespace.
+ * <p>
+ * We have several places where we rely on transactions to support
+ * read/modify/write semantics for incrementing IDs.
+ * This works but using DB support is rather expensive and we can
+ * user in-core serializations to help with this a least within a
+ * single node and rely on DB for multi-node synchronization.
+ * <p>
+ * This isn't much of a problem for path updates since they are
+ * driven by HMSFollower which usually runs on a single leader
+ * node, but permission updates originate from clients
+ * directly and may be highly concurrent.
+ * <p>
+ * We are internally serializing all permissions update anyway, so doing
+ * partial serialization on every node helps. For this reason all
+ * SentryStore calls that affect permission deltas are serialized.
+ * <p>
+ * See <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SENTRY-1824">SENTRY-1824</a>
+ * for more detail.
+ */
+public class SentryStore {
+  private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory
+      .getLogger(SentryStore.class);
+
+  public static final String NULL_COL = "__NULL__";
+  public static final int INDEX_GROUP_ROLES_MAP = 0;
+  public static final int INDEX_USER_ROLES_MAP = 1;
+
+  // String constants for field names
+  public static final String SERVER_NAME = "serverName";
+  public static final String DB_NAME = "dbName";
+  public static final String TABLE_NAME = "tableName";
+  public static final String COLUMN_NAME = "columnName";
+  public static final String ACTION = "action";
+  public static final String URI = "URI";
+  public static final String GRANT_OPTION = "grantOption";
+  public static final String ROLE_NAME = "roleName";
+
+  // Initial change ID for permission/path change. Auto increment
+  // is starting from 1.
+  public static final long INIT_CHANGE_ID = 1L;
+
+  private static final long EMPTY_CHANGE_ID = 0L;
+
+  public static final long EMPTY_NOTIFICATION_ID = 0L;
+
+  // Representation for empty HMS snapshots not found on MAuthzPathsSnapshotId
+  public static final long EMPTY_PATHS_SNAPSHOT_ID = 0L;
+
+  // For counters, representation of the "unknown value"
+  private static final long COUNT_VALUE_UNKNOWN = -1L;
+
+  // Representation for unknown HMS notification ID
+  private static final long NOTIFICATION_UNKNOWN = -1L;
+
+  private static final String EMPTY_GRANTOR_PRINCIPAL = "--";
+
+
+  private static final Set<String> ALL_ACTIONS = Sets.newHashSet(
+      AccessConstants.ALL, AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL,
+      AccessConstants.SELECT, AccessConstants.INSERT, AccessConstants.ALTER,
+      AccessConstants.CREATE, AccessConstants.DROP, AccessConstants.INDEX,
+      AccessConstants.LOCK);
+
+  // Now partial revoke just support action with SELECT,INSERT and ALL.
+  // Now partial revoke just support action with SELECT,INSERT, and ALL.
+  // e.g. If we REVOKE SELECT from a privilege with action ALL, it will leads to INSERT
+  // e.g. If we REVOKE SELECT from a privilege with action ALL, it will leads to others individual
+  // Otherwise, if we revoke other privilege(e.g. ALTER,DROP...), we will remove it from a role directly.
+  private static final Set<String> PARTIAL_REVOKE_ACTIONS = Sets.newHashSet(AccessConstants.ALL,
+      AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL.toLowerCase(), AccessConstants.SELECT, AccessConstants.INSERT);
+
+  // Datanucleus property controlling whether query results are loaded at commit time
+  // to make query usable post-commit
+  private static final String LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT = "datanucleus.query.loadResultsAtCommit";
+
+  private final PersistenceManagerFactory pmf;
+  private Configuration conf;
+  private final TransactionManager tm;
+
+  // When it is true, execute DeltaTransactionBlock to persist delta changes.
+  // When it is false, do not execute DeltaTransactionBlock
+  private boolean persistUpdateDeltas;
+
+  /**
+   * counterWait is used to synchronize notifications between Thrift and HMSFollower.
+   * Technically it doesn't belong here, but the only thing that connects HMSFollower
+   * and Thrift API is SentryStore. An alternative could be a singleton CounterWait or
+   * some factory that returns CounterWait instances keyed by name, but this complicates
+   * things unnecessary.
+   * <p>
+   * Keeping it here isn't ideal but serves the purpose until we find a better home.
+   */
+  private final CounterWait counterWait;
+
+  public static Properties getDataNucleusProperties(Configuration conf)
+          throws SentrySiteConfigurationException, IOException {
+    Properties prop = new Properties();
+    prop.putAll(ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_DEFAULTS);
+    String jdbcUrl = conf.get(ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_URL, "").trim();
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(!jdbcUrl.isEmpty(), "Required parameter " +
+        ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_URL + " is missed");
+    String user = conf.get(ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_USER, ServerConfig.
+        SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_USER_DEFAULT).trim();
+    //Password will be read from Credential provider specified using property
+    // CREDENTIAL_PROVIDER_PATH("hadoop.security.credential.provider.path" in sentry-site.xml
+    // it falls back to reading directly from sentry-site.xml
+    char[] passTmp = conf.getPassword(ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_PASS);
+    if (passTmp == null) {
+      throw new SentrySiteConfigurationException("Error reading " +
+              ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_PASS);
+    }
+    String pass = new String(passTmp);
+
+    String driverName = conf.get(ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_DRIVER,
+        ServerConfig.SENTRY_STORE_JDBC_DRIVER_DEFAULT);
+    prop.setProperty(ServerConfig.JAVAX_JDO_URL, jdbcUrl);
+    prop.setProperty(ServerConfig.JAVAX_JDO_USER, user);
+    prop.setProperty(ServerConfig.JAVAX_JDO_PASS, pass);
+    prop.setProperty(ServerConfig.JAVAX_JDO_DRIVER_NAME, driverName);
+
+    /*
+     * Oracle doesn't support "repeatable-read" isolation level and testing
+     * showed issues with "serializable" isolation level for Oracle 12,
+     * so we use "read-committed" instead.
+     *
+     * JDBC URL always looks like jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:@<database>
+     *  we look at the second component.
+     *
+     * The isolation property can be overwritten via configuration property.
+     */
+    final String oracleDb = "oracle";
+    if (prop.getProperty(ServerConfig.DATANUCLEUS_ISOLATION_LEVEL, "").
+            equals(ServerConfig.DATANUCLEUS_REPEATABLE_READ) &&
+                    jdbcUrl.contains(oracleDb)) {
+      String[] parts = jdbcUrl.split(":");
+      if ((parts.length > 1) && parts[1].equals(oracleDb)) {
+        // For Oracle JDBC driver, replace "repeatable-read" with "read-committed"
+        prop.setProperty(ServerConfig.DATANUCLEUS_ISOLATION_LEVEL,
+                "read-committed");
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : conf) {
+      String key = entry.getKey();
+      if (key.startsWith(ServerConfig.SENTRY_JAVAX_JDO_PROPERTY_PREFIX) ||
+          key.startsWith(ServerConfig.SENTRY_DATANUCLEUS_PROPERTY_PREFIX)) {
+        key = StringUtils.removeStart(key, ServerConfig.SENTRY_DB_PROPERTY_PREFIX);
+        prop.setProperty(key, entry.getValue());
+      }
+    }
+    // Disallow operations outside of transactions
+    prop.setProperty("datanucleus.NontransactionalRead", "false");
+    prop.setProperty("datanucleus.NontransactionalWrite", "false");
+    return prop;
+  }
+
+  public SentryStore(Configuration conf) throws Exception {
+    this.conf = conf;
+    Properties prop = getDataNucleusProperties(conf);
+    boolean checkSchemaVersion = conf.get(
+        ServerConfig.SENTRY_VERIFY_SCHEM_VERSION,
+        ServerConfig.SENTRY_VERIFY_SCHEM_VERSION_DEFAULT).equalsIgnoreCase(
+        "true");
+
+    // Schema verification should be set to false only for testing.
+    // If it is set to false, appropriate datanucleus properties will be set so that
+    // database schema is automatically created. This is desirable only for running tests.
+    // Sentry uses <code>SentrySchemaTool</code> to create schema with the help of sql scripts.
+
+    if (!checkSchemaVersion) {
+      prop.setProperty("datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll", "true");
+    }
+    pmf = JDOHelper.getPersistenceManagerFactory(prop);
+    tm = new TransactionManager(pmf, conf);
+    verifySentryStoreSchema(checkSchemaVersion);
+    long notificationTimeout = conf.getInt(ServerConfig.SENTRY_NOTIFICATION_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS,
+            ServerConfig.SENTRY_NOTIFICATION_SYNC_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
+    counterWait = new CounterWait(notificationTimeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+  }
+
+  public void setPersistUpdateDeltas(boolean persistUpdateDeltas) {
+    this.persistUpdateDeltas = persistUpdateDeltas;
+  }
+
+
+  public TransactionManager getTransactionManager() {
+    return tm;
+  }
+
+  public CounterWait getCounterWait() {
+    return counterWait;
+  }
+
+  // ensure that the backend DB schema is set
+  void verifySentryStoreSchema(boolean checkVersion) throws Exception {
+    if (!checkVersion) {
+      setSentryVersion(SentryStoreSchemaInfo.getSentryVersion(),
+          "Schema version set implicitly");
+    } else {
+      String currentVersion = getSentryVersion();
+      if (!SentryStoreSchemaInfo.getSentryVersion().equals(currentVersion)) {
+        throw new SentryAccessDeniedException(
+            "The Sentry store schema version " + currentVersion
+                + " is different from distribution version "
+                + SentryStoreSchemaInfo.getSentryVersion());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public synchronized void stop() {
+    if (pmf != null) {
+      pmf.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a single role with the given name inside a transaction
+   * @param pm Persistence Manager instance
+   * @param roleName Role name (should not be null)
+   * @return single role with the given name
+   */
+  public MSentryRole getRole(PersistenceManager pm, String roleName) {
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryRole.class);
+    query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+    query.setFilter("this.roleName == :roleName");
+    query.setUnique(true);
+    return (MSentryRole) query.execute(roleName);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get list of all roles. Should be called inside transaction.
+   * @param pm Persistence manager instance
+   * @return List of all roles
+   */
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  private List<MSentryRole> getAllRoles(PersistenceManager pm) {
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryRole.class);
+    query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+    return (List<MSentryRole>) query.execute();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a single user with the given name inside a transaction
+   * @param pm Persistence Manager instance
+   * @param userName User name (should not be null)
+   * @return single user with the given name
+   */
+  public MSentryUser getUser(PersistenceManager pm, String userName) {
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryUser.class);
+    query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+    query.setFilter("this.userName == :userName");
+    query.setUnique(true);
+    return (MSentryUser) query.execute(userName);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a sentry user and persist it. User name is the primary key for the
+   * user, so an attempt to create a user which exists fails with JDO exception.
+   *
+   * @param userName: Name of the user being persisted.
+   *    The name is normalized.
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void createSentryUser(final String userName) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+        pm -> {
+          pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+          String trimmedUserName = trimAndLower(userName);
+          if (getUser(pm, trimmedUserName) != null) {
+            throw new SentryAlreadyExistsException("User: " + trimmedUserName);
+          }
+          pm.makePersistent(
+              new MSentryUser(trimmedUserName, System.currentTimeMillis(), Sets.newHashSet()));
+          return null;
+        });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Normalize the string values - remove leading and trailing whitespaces and
+   * convert to lower case
+   * @return normalized input
+   */
+  private String trimAndLower(String input) {
+    return input.trim().toLowerCase();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a sentry role and persist it. Role name is the primary key for the
+   * role, so an attempt to create a role which exists fails with JDO exception.
+   *
+   * @param roleName: Name of the role being persisted.
+   *    The name is normalized.
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void createSentryRole(final String roleName) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+              if (getRole(pm, trimmedRoleName) != null) {
+                throw new SentryAlreadyExistsException("Role: " + trimmedRoleName);
+              }
+              pm.makePersistent(new MSentryRole(trimmedRoleName));
+              return null;
+              });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get count of object of the given class
+   * @param tClass Class to count
+   * @param <T> Class type
+   * @return count of objects or -1 in case of error
+     */
+  private <T> Long getCount(final Class<T> tClass) {
+    try {
+      return tm.executeTransaction(
+              pm -> {
+                pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+                Query query = pm.newQuery();
+                query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+                query.setClass(tClass);
+                query.setResult("count(this)");
+                Long result = (Long)query.execute();
+                return result;
+              });
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+       return COUNT_VALUE_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return number of roles
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getRoleCountGauge() {
+    return () -> getCount(MSentryRole.class);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Number of privileges
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getPrivilegeCountGauge() {
+    return () -> getCount(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return number of groups
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getGroupCountGauge() {
+    return () -> getCount(MSentryGroup.class);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Number of users
+   */
+  Gauge<Long> getUserCountGauge() {
+    return () -> getCount(MSentryUser.class);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return number of threads waiting for HMS notifications to be processed
+   */
+  public Gauge<Integer> getHMSWaitersCountGauge() {
+    return () -> counterWait.waitersCount();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return current value of last processed notification ID
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getLastNotificationIdGauge() {
+    return () -> {
+      try {
+        return getLastProcessedNotificationID();
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        LOGGER.error("Can not read current notificationId", e);
+        return NOTIFICATION_UNKNOWN;
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return ID of the path snapshot
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getLastPathsSnapshotIdGauge() {
+    return () -> {
+      try {
+        return getCurrentAuthzPathsSnapshotID();
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        LOGGER.error("Can not read current paths snapshot ID", e);
+        return NOTIFICATION_UNKNOWN;
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Permissions change ID
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getPermChangeIdGauge() {
+    return new Gauge<Long>() {
+      @Override
+      public Long getValue() {
+        try {
+          return tm.executeTransaction(
+                  pm -> getLastProcessedChangeIDCore(pm, MSentryPermChange.class)
+          );
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          LOGGER.error("Can not read current permissions change ID", e);
+          return NOTIFICATION_UNKNOWN;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Path change id
+   */
+  public Gauge<Long> getPathChangeIdGauge() {
+    return () -> {
+      try {
+        return tm.executeTransaction(
+                pm -> getLastProcessedChangeIDCore(pm, MSentryPathChange.class)
+        );
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        LOGGER.error("Can not read current path change ID", e);
+        return NOTIFICATION_UNKNOWN;
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Lets the test code know how many privs are in the db, so that we know
+   * if they are in fact being cleaned up when not being referenced any more.
+   * @return The number of rows in the db priv table.
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  long countMSentryPrivileges() {
+    return getCount(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+  }
+
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  void clearAllTables() {
+    try {
+      tm.executeTransaction(
+              pm -> {
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryRole.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryGroup.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryUser.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryPermChange.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryPathChange.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MAuthzPathsMapping.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MPath.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MSentryHmsNotification.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                pm.newQuery(MAuthzPathsSnapshotId.class).deletePersistentAll();
+                return null;
+              });
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      // the method only for test, log the error and ignore the exception
+      LOGGER.error(e.getMessage(), e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Removes all the information related to HMS Objects from sentry store.
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  public void clearHmsPathInformation() throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              // Data in MAuthzPathsSnapshotId.class is not cleared intentionally.
+              // This data will help sentry retain the history of snapshots taken before
+              // and help in picking appropriate ID even when hdfs sync is enabled/disabled.
+              pm.newQuery(MSentryPathChange.class).deletePersistentAll();
+              pm.newQuery(MAuthzPathsMapping.class).deletePersistentAll();
+              pm.newQuery(MPath.class).deletePersistentAll();
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Purge a given delta change table, with a specified number of changes to be kept.
+   *
+   * @param cls the class of a perm/path delta change {@link MSentryPermChange} or
+   *            {@link MSentryPathChange}.
+   * @param pm a {@link PersistenceManager} instance.
+   * @param changesToKeep the number of changes the caller want to keep.
+   * @param <T> the type of delta change class.
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  <T extends MSentryChange> void purgeDeltaChangeTableCore(
+      Class<T> cls, PersistenceManager pm, long changesToKeep) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(changesToKeep >= 0,
+        "changes to keep must be a non-negative number");
+    long lastChangedID = getLastProcessedChangeIDCore(pm, cls);
+    long maxIDDeleted = lastChangedID - changesToKeep;
+
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(cls);
+    query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+
+    // It is an approximation of "SELECT ... LIMIT CHANGE_TO_KEEP" in SQL, because JDO w/ derby
+    // does not support "LIMIT".
+    // See: http://www.datanucleus.org/products/datanucleus/jdo/jdoql_declarative.html
+    query.setFilter("changeID <= maxChangedIdDeleted");
+    query.declareParameters("long maxChangedIdDeleted");
+    long numDeleted = query.deletePersistentAll(maxIDDeleted);
+    if (numDeleted > 0) {
+      LOGGER.info(String.format("Purged %d of %s to changeID=%d",
+              numDeleted, cls.getSimpleName(), maxIDDeleted));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Purge notification id table, keeping a specified number of entries.
+   * @param pm a {@link PersistenceManager} instance.
+   * @param changesToKeep  the number of changes the caller want to keep.
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  protected void purgeNotificationIdTableCore(PersistenceManager pm,
+      long changesToKeep) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(changesToKeep > 0,
+      "You need to keep at least one entry in SENTRY_HMS_NOTIFICATION_ID table");
+    long lastNotificationID = getLastProcessedNotificationIDCore(pm);
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryHmsNotification.class);
+    query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+
+    // It is an approximation of "SELECT ... LIMIT CHANGE_TO_KEEP" in SQL, because JDO w/ derby
+    // does not support "LIMIT".
+    // See: http://www.datanucleus.org/products/datanucleus/jdo/jdoql_declarative.html
+    query.setFilter("notificationId <= maxNotificationIdDeleted");
+    query.declareParameters("long maxNotificationIdDeleted");
+    long numDeleted = query.deletePersistentAll(lastNotificationID - changesToKeep);
+    if (numDeleted > 0) {
+      LOGGER.info("Purged {} of {}", numDeleted, MSentryHmsNotification.class.getSimpleName());
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Purge delta change tables, {@link MSentryPermChange} and {@link MSentryPathChange}.
+   * The number of deltas to keep is configurable
+   */
+  public void purgeDeltaChangeTables() {
+    final int changesToKeep = conf.getInt(ServerConfig.SENTRY_DELTA_KEEP_COUNT,
+            ServerConfig.SENTRY_DELTA_KEEP_COUNT_DEFAULT);
+    LOGGER.info("Purging MSentryPathUpdate and MSentyPermUpdate tables, leaving {} entries",
+            changesToKeep);
+    try {
+      tm.executeTransaction(pm -> {
+        pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+        purgeDeltaChangeTableCore(MSentryPermChange.class, pm, changesToKeep);
+        LOGGER.info("MSentryPermChange table has been purged.");
+        purgeDeltaChangeTableCore(MSentryPathChange.class, pm, changesToKeep);
+        LOGGER.info("MSentryPathUpdate table has been purged.");
+        return null;
+      });
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOGGER.error("Delta change cleaning process encountered an error", e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Purge hms notification id table , {@link MSentryHmsNotification}.
+   * The number of notifications id's to be kept is based on configuration
+   * sentry.server.delta.keep.count
+   */
+  public void purgeNotificationIdTable() {
+    final int changesToKeep = conf.getInt(ServerConfig.SENTRY_HMS_NOTIFICATION_ID_KEEP_COUNT,
+      ServerConfig.SENTRY_HMS_NOTIFICATION_ID_KEEP_COUNT_DEFAULT);
+    LOGGER.debug("Purging MSentryHmsNotification table, leaving {} entries",
+      changesToKeep);
+    try {
+      tm.executeTransaction(pm -> {
+        pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+        purgeNotificationIdTableCore(pm, changesToKeep);
+        return null;
+      });
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOGGER.error("MSentryHmsNotification cleaning process encountered an error", e);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to grant a privilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param privilege the given privilege
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  void alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final TSentryPrivilege privilege) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+              // first do grant check
+              grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, privilege);
+
+              // Alter sentry Role and grant Privilege.
+              MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilegeCore(
+                pm, trimmedRoleName, privilege);
+
+              if (mPrivilege != null) {
+                // update the privilege to be the one actually updated.
+                convertToTSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege, privilege);
+              }
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to grant a set of privileges.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName Role name
+   * @param privileges Set of privileges
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void alterSentryRoleGrantPrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> privileges) throws Exception {
+    for (TSentryPrivilege privilege : privileges) {
+      alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege(grantorPrincipal, roleName, privilege);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to grant a privilege, as well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param privilege the given privilege
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update.
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  synchronized void alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final TSentryPrivilege privilege,
+      final Update update) throws Exception {
+
+    execute(update, pm -> {
+      pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+      String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+      // first do grant check
+      grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, privilege);
+
+      // Alter sentry Role and grant Privilege.
+      MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilegeCore(pm,
+        trimmedRoleName, privilege);
+
+      if (mPrivilege != null) {
+        // update the privilege to be the one actually updated.
+        convertToTSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege, privilege);
+      }
+      return null;
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to grant a set of privileges, as well as persist the
+   * corresponding permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param privileges a Set of privileges
+   * @param privilegesUpdateMap the corresponding <privilege, DeltaTransactionBlock> map
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  public void alterSentryRoleGrantPrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> privileges,
+      final Map<TSentryPrivilege, Update> privilegesUpdateMap) throws Exception {
+
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(privilegesUpdateMap);
+    for (TSentryPrivilege privilege : privileges) {
+      Update update = privilegesUpdateMap.get(privilege);
+      if (update != null) {
+        alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege(grantorPrincipal, roleName, privilege,
+          update);
+      } else {
+        alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilege(grantorPrincipal, roleName, privilege);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private MSentryPrivilege alterSentryRoleGrantPrivilegeCore(PersistenceManager pm,
+      String roleName, TSentryPrivilege privilege)
+      throws SentryNoSuchObjectException, SentryInvalidInputException {
+    MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = null;
+    MSentryRole mRole = getRole(pm, roleName);
+    if (mRole == null) {
+      throw noSuchRole(roleName);
+    }
+
+    if(privilege.getPrivilegeScope().equalsIgnoreCase(PrivilegeScope.URI.name())
+        && StringUtils.isBlank(privilege.getURI())) {
+      throw new SentryInvalidInputException("cannot grant URI privileges to Null or EMPTY location");
+    }
+
+    if (!isNULL(privilege.getColumnName()) || !isNULL(privilege.getTableName())
+        || !isNULL(privilege.getDbName())) {
+      // If Grant is for ALL and Either INSERT/SELECT already exists..
+      // need to remove it and GRANT ALL..
+      if (AccessConstants.ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(privilege.getAction())
+          || AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(privilege.getAction())) {
+        TSentryPrivilege tNotAll = new TSentryPrivilege(privilege);
+        tNotAll.setAction(AccessConstants.SELECT);
+        MSentryPrivilege mSelect = getMSentryPrivilege(tNotAll, pm);
+        tNotAll.setAction(AccessConstants.INSERT);
+        MSentryPrivilege mInsert = getMSentryPrivilege(tNotAll, pm);
+        if ((mSelect != null) && mRole.getPrivileges().contains(mSelect)) {
+          mSelect.removeRole(mRole);
+          pm.makePersistent(mSelect);
+        }
+        if ((mInsert != null) && mRole.getPrivileges().contains(mInsert)) {
+          mInsert.removeRole(mRole);
+          pm.makePersistent(mInsert);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // If Grant is for Either INSERT/SELECT and ALL already exists..
+        // do nothing..
+        TSentryPrivilege tAll = new TSentryPrivilege(privilege);
+        tAll.setAction(AccessConstants.ALL);
+        MSentryPrivilege mAll1 = getMSentryPrivilege(tAll, pm);
+        tAll.setAction(AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL);
+        MSentryPrivilege mAll2 = getMSentryPrivilege(tAll, pm);
+        if (mAll1 != null && mRole.getPrivileges().contains(mAll1)) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        if (mAll2 != null && mRole.getPrivileges().contains(mAll2)) {
+          return null;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    mPrivilege = getMSentryPrivilege(privilege, pm);
+    if (mPrivilege == null) {
+      mPrivilege = convertToMSentryPrivilege(privilege);
+    }
+    mPrivilege.appendRole(mRole);
+    pm.makePersistent(mPrivilege);
+    return mPrivilege;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to grant a set of privileges.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName User name
+   * @param privileges Set of privileges
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void alterSentryUserGrantPrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> privileges) throws Exception {
+
+    try {
+      MSentryUser userEntry = getMSentryUserByName(userName, false);
+      if (userEntry == null) {
+        createSentryUser(userName);
+      }
+    } catch (SentryAlreadyExistsException e) {
+        // the user may be created by other thread, so swallow the exception and proceed
+    }
+
+    for (TSentryPrivilege privilege : privileges) {
+      alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege(grantorPrincipal, userName, privilege);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to grant a privilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param privilege the given privilege
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  void alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final TSentryPrivilege privilege) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+        new TransactionBlock<Object>() {
+          public Object execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+            pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+            String trimmedUserName = trimAndLower(userName);
+            // first do grant check
+            grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, privilege);
+
+            // Alter sentry User and grant Privilege.
+            MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = alterSentryUserGrantPrivilegeCore(
+                pm, trimmedUserName, privilege);
+
+            if (mPrivilege != null) {
+              // update the privilege to be the one actually updated.
+              convertToTSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege, privilege);
+            }
+            return null;
+          }
+        });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to grant a privilege, as well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param privilege the given privilege
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update.
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  synchronized void alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final TSentryPrivilege privilege,
+      final Update update) throws Exception {
+
+    execute(update, new TransactionBlock<Object>() {
+      public Object execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+        pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+        String trimmedUserName = trimAndLower(userName);
+        // first do grant check
+        grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, privilege);
+
+        // Alter sentry User and grant Privilege.
+        MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = alterSentryUserGrantPrivilegeCore(pm,
+            trimmedUserName, privilege);
+
+        if (mPrivilege != null) {
+          // update the privilege to be the one actually updated.
+          convertToTSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege, privilege);
+        }
+        return null;
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to grant a set of privileges, as well as persist the
+   * corresponding permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param privileges a Set of privileges
+   * @param privilegesUpdateMap the corresponding <privilege, DeltaTransactionBlock> map
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  public void alterSentryUserGrantPrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> privileges,
+      final Map<TSentryPrivilege, Update> privilegesUpdateMap) throws Exception {
+
+    try {
+      MSentryUser userEntry = getMSentryUserByName(userName, false);
+      if (userEntry == null) {
+        createSentryUser(userName);
+      }
+    } catch (SentryAlreadyExistsException e) {
+      // the user may be created by other thread, so swallow the exception and proeed
+    }
+
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(privilegesUpdateMap);
+    for (TSentryPrivilege privilege : privileges) {
+      Update update = privilegesUpdateMap.get(privilege);
+      if (update != null) {
+        alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege(grantorPrincipal, userName, privilege,
+            update);
+      } else {
+        alterSentryUserGrantPrivilege(grantorPrincipal, userName, privilege);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the user entry by user name
+   * @param userName the name of the user
+   * @return the user entry
+   * @throws Exception if the specified user does not exist
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  public MSentryUser getMSentryUserByName(final String userName) throws Exception {
+    return getMSentryUserByName(userName, true);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the user entry by user name
+   * @param userName the name of the user
+   * @param throwExceptionIfNotExist true: throw exception if user does not exist; false: return null
+   * @return the user entry or null
+   * @throws Exception if the specified user does not exist and throwExceptionIfNotExist is true
+   */
+  MSentryUser getMSentryUserByName(final String userName, boolean throwExceptionIfNotExist) throws Exception {
+    return tm.executeTransaction(
+        new TransactionBlock<MSentryUser>() {
+          public MSentryUser execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+            String trimmedUserName = trimAndLower(userName);
+            MSentryUser sentryUser = getUser(pm, trimmedUserName);
+            if (sentryUser == null) {
+              if (throwExceptionIfNotExist) {
+                throw noSuchUser(trimmedUserName);
+              }
+              else {
+                return null;
+              }
+            }
+            return sentryUser;
+          }
+        });
+  }
+
+  private MSentryPrivilege alterSentryUserGrantPrivilegeCore(PersistenceManager pm,
+      String userName, TSentryPrivilege privilege)
+      throws SentryNoSuchObjectException, SentryInvalidInputException {
+    MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = null;
+    MSentryUser mUser = getUser(pm, userName);
+    if (mUser == null) {
+      throw noSuchUser(userName);
+    }
+
+    if(privilege.getPrivilegeScope().equalsIgnoreCase(PrivilegeScope.URI.name())
+        && StringUtils.isBlank(privilege.getURI())) {
+      throw new SentryInvalidInputException("cannot grant URI privileges to Null or EMPTY location");
+    }
+
+    if (!isNULL(privilege.getColumnName()) || !isNULL(privilege.getTableName())
+        || !isNULL(privilege.getDbName())) {
+      // If Grant is for ALL and Either INSERT/SELECT already exists..
+      // need to remove it and GRANT ALL..
+      if (AccessConstants.ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(privilege.getAction())
+          || AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(privilege.getAction())) {
+        TSentryPrivilege tNotAll = new TSentryPrivilege(privilege);
+        tNotAll.setAction(AccessConstants.SELECT);
+        MSentryPrivilege mSelect = getMSentryPrivilege(tNotAll, pm);
+        tNotAll.setAction(AccessConstants.INSERT);
+        MSentryPrivilege mInsert = getMSentryPrivilege(tNotAll, pm);
+        if ((mSelect != null) && mUser.getPrivileges().contains(mSelect)) {
+          mSelect.removeUser(mUser);
+          pm.makePersistent(mSelect);
+        }
+        if ((mInsert != null) && mUser.getPrivileges().contains(mInsert)) {
+          mInsert.removeUser(mUser);
+          pm.makePersistent(mInsert);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // If Grant is for Either INSERT/SELECT and ALL already exists..
+        // do nothing..
+        TSentryPrivilege tAll = new TSentryPrivilege(privilege);
+        tAll.setAction(AccessConstants.ALL);
+        MSentryPrivilege mAll1 = getMSentryPrivilege(tAll, pm);
+        tAll.setAction(AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL);
+        MSentryPrivilege mAll2 = getMSentryPrivilege(tAll, pm);
+        if (mAll1 != null && mUser.getPrivileges().contains(mAll1)) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        if (mAll2 != null && mUser.getPrivileges().contains(mAll2)) {
+          return null;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    mPrivilege = getMSentryPrivilege(privilege, pm);
+    if (mPrivilege == null) {
+      mPrivilege = convertToMSentryPrivilege(privilege);
+    }
+    mPrivilege.appendUser(mUser);
+    pm.makePersistent(mPrivilege);
+    return mPrivilege;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to revoke a privilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param tPrivilege the given privilege
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  void alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege) throws Exception {
+
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+        new TransactionBlock<Object>() {
+          public Object execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+            pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+            String trimmedUserName = safeTrimLower(userName);
+            // first do revoke check
+            grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, tPrivilege);
+
+            alterSentryUserRevokePrivilegeCore(pm, trimmedUserName, tPrivilege);
+            return null;
+          }
+        });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to revoke a set of privileges.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param tPrivileges a Set of privileges
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  public void alterSentryUserRevokePrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> tPrivileges) throws Exception {
+    for (TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege : tPrivileges) {
+      alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege(grantorPrincipal, userName, tPrivilege);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to revoke a set of privileges, as well as persist the
+   * corresponding permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param tPrivileges a Set of privileges
+   * @param privilegesUpdateMap the corresponding <privilege, Update> map
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  public void alterSentryUserRevokePrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> tPrivileges,
+      final Map<TSentryPrivilege, Update> privilegesUpdateMap)
+      throws Exception {
+
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(privilegesUpdateMap);
+    for (TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege : tPrivileges) {
+      Update update = privilegesUpdateMap.get(tPrivilege);
+      if (update != null) {
+        alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege(grantorPrincipal, userName,
+            tPrivilege, update);
+      } else {
+        alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege(grantorPrincipal, userName,
+            tPrivilege);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry user to revoke a privilege, as well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param tPrivilege the given privilege
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update transaction block
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  private synchronized void alterSentryUserRevokePrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String userName, final TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege,
+      final Update update) throws Exception {
+    execute(update, new TransactionBlock<Object>() {
+      public Object execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+        pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+        String trimmedUserName = safeTrimLower(userName);
+        // first do revoke check
+        grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, tPrivilege);
+
+        alterSentryUserRevokePrivilegeCore(pm, trimmedUserName, tPrivilege);
+        return null;
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  private void alterSentryUserRevokePrivilegeCore(PersistenceManager pm,
+      String userName, TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege)
+      throws SentryNoSuchObjectException, SentryInvalidInputException {
+    MSentryUser mUser = getUser(pm, userName);
+    if (mUser == null) {
+      throw noSuchUser(userName);
+    }
+    if(tPrivilege.getPrivilegeScope().equalsIgnoreCase(PrivilegeScope.URI.name())
+        && StringUtils.isBlank(tPrivilege.getURI())) {
+      throw new SentryInvalidInputException("cannot revoke URI privileges from Null or EMPTY location");
+    }
+
+    MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = getMSentryPrivilege(tPrivilege, pm);
+    if (mPrivilege == null) {
+      mPrivilege = convertToMSentryPrivilege(tPrivilege);
+    } else {
+      mPrivilege = pm.detachCopy(mPrivilege);
+    }
+
+    Set<MSentryPrivilege> privilegeGraph = new HashSet<>();
+    if (mPrivilege.getGrantOption() != null) {
+      privilegeGraph.add(mPrivilege);
+    } else {
+      MSentryPrivilege mTure = new MSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege);
+      mTure.setGrantOption(true);
+      privilegeGraph.add(mTure);
+      MSentryPrivilege mFalse = new MSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege);
+      mFalse.setGrantOption(false);
+      privilegeGraph.add(mFalse);
+    }
+    // Get the privilege graph
+    populateChildren(pm, SentryEntityType.USER, Sets.newHashSet(userName), mPrivilege, privilegeGraph);
+    for (MSentryPrivilege childPriv : privilegeGraph) {
+      revokePrivilegeFromUser(pm, tPrivilege, mUser, childPriv);
+    }
+    pm.makePersistent(mUser);
+  }
+
+  /**
+  * Alter a given sentry role to revoke a privilege.
+  *
+  * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+  * @param roleName the given role name
+  * @param tPrivilege the given privilege
+  * @throws Exception
+  *
+  */
+  void alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege) throws Exception {
+
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              String trimmedRoleName = safeTrimLower(roleName);
+              // first do revoke check
+              grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, tPrivilege);
+
+              alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilegeCore(pm, trimmedRoleName, tPrivilege);
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to revoke a set of privileges.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param tPrivileges a Set of privileges
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  public void alterSentryRoleRevokePrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> tPrivileges) throws Exception {
+    for (TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege : tPrivileges) {
+      alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege(grantorPrincipal, roleName, tPrivilege);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to revoke a privilege, as well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param tPrivilege the given privilege
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update transaction block
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  private synchronized void alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege(final String grantorPrincipal,
+                                              final String roleName, final TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege,
+                                              final Update update) throws Exception {
+    execute(update, pm -> {
+      pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+      String trimmedRoleName = safeTrimLower(roleName);
+      // first do revoke check
+      grantOptionCheck(pm, grantorPrincipal, tPrivilege);
+
+      alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilegeCore(pm, trimmedRoleName, tPrivilege);
+      return null;
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alter a given sentry role to revoke a set of privileges, as well as persist the
+   * corresponding permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   * Internally calls alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal User name
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param tPrivileges a Set of privileges
+   * @param privilegesUpdateMap the corresponding <privilege, Update> map
+   * @throws Exception
+   *
+   */
+  public void alterSentryRoleRevokePrivileges(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final Set<TSentryPrivilege> tPrivileges,
+      final Map<TSentryPrivilege, Update> privilegesUpdateMap)
+          throws Exception {
+
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(privilegesUpdateMap);
+    for (TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege : tPrivileges) {
+      Update update = privilegesUpdateMap.get(tPrivilege);
+      if (update != null) {
+        alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege(grantorPrincipal, roleName,
+          tPrivilege, update);
+      } else {
+        alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilege(grantorPrincipal, roleName,
+          tPrivilege);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void alterSentryRoleRevokePrivilegeCore(PersistenceManager pm,
+      String roleName, TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege)
+      throws SentryNoSuchObjectException, SentryInvalidInputException {
+    MSentryRole mRole = getRole(pm, roleName);
+    if (mRole == null) {
+      throw noSuchRole(roleName);
+    }
+    if(tPrivilege.getPrivilegeScope().equalsIgnoreCase(PrivilegeScope.URI.name())
+        && StringUtils.isBlank(tPrivilege.getURI())) {
+      throw new SentryInvalidInputException("cannot revoke URI privileges from Null or EMPTY location");
+    }
+
+    MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege = getMSentryPrivilege(tPrivilege, pm);
+    if (mPrivilege == null) {
+      mPrivilege = convertToMSentryPrivilege(tPrivilege);
+    } else {
+      mPrivilege = pm.detachCopy(mPrivilege);
+    }
+
+    Set<MSentryPrivilege> privilegeGraph = new HashSet<>();
+    if (mPrivilege.getGrantOption() != null) {
+      privilegeGraph.add(mPrivilege);
+    } else {
+      MSentryPrivilege mTure = new MSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege);
+      mTure.setGrantOption(true);
+      privilegeGraph.add(mTure);
+      MSentryPrivilege mFalse = new MSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege);
+      mFalse.setGrantOption(false);
+      privilegeGraph.add(mFalse);
+    }
+    // Get the privilege graph
+    populateChildren(pm, SentryEntityType.ROLE, Sets.newHashSet(roleName), mPrivilege, privilegeGraph);
+    for (MSentryPrivilege childPriv : privilegeGraph) {
+      revokePrivilegeFromRole(pm, tPrivilege, mRole, childPriv);
+    }
+    pm.makePersistent(mRole);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Roles can be granted ALL, SELECT, and INSERT on tables. When
+   * a role has ALL and SELECT or INSERT are revoked, we need to remove the ALL
+   * privilege and add SELECT (INSERT was revoked) or INSERT (SELECT was revoked).
+   */
+  private void revokePartial(PersistenceManager pm,
+                             TSentryPrivilege requestedPrivToRevoke,
+                             MSentryRole mRole, MSentryUser mUser,
+                             MSentryPrivilege currentPrivilege) throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    MSentryPrivilege persistedPriv =
+      getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(currentPrivilege), pm);
+    if (persistedPriv == null) {
+      // The privilege corresponding to the currentPrivilege doesn't exist in the persistent
+      // store, so we create a fake one for the code below. The fake one is not associated with
+      // any role and shouldn't be stored in the persistent storage.
+      persistedPriv = convertToMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(currentPrivilege));
+    }
+
+    if (requestedPrivToRevoke.getAction().equalsIgnoreCase(AccessConstants.ALL) ||
+      requestedPrivToRevoke.getAction().equalsIgnoreCase(AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL)) {
+      if (!persistedPriv.getRoles().isEmpty()) {
+        if (mRole != null) {
+          persistedPriv.removeRole(mRole);
+        }
+        if (mUser != null) {
+          persistedPriv.removeUser(mUser);
+        }
+
+        if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+          pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+        } else {
+          pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+
+      Set<String> addActions = new HashSet<String>();
+      for (String actionToAdd : PARTIAL_REVOKE_ACTIONS) {
+        if( !requestedPrivToRevoke.getAction().equalsIgnoreCase(actionToAdd) &&
+            !currentPrivilege.getAction().equalsIgnoreCase(actionToAdd) &&
+            !AccessConstants.ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(actionToAdd) &&
+            !AccessConstants.ACTION_ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(actionToAdd)) {
+          addActions.add(actionToAdd);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (mRole != null) {
+        revokeRolePartial(pm, mRole, currentPrivilege, persistedPriv, addActions);
+      }
+
+      if (mUser != null) {
+        revokeUserPartial(pm, mUser, currentPrivilege, persistedPriv, addActions);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private boolean isPrivilegeStall(MSentryPrivilege privilege) {
+    if (privilege.getUsers().isEmpty() && privilege.getRoles().isEmpty()) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  private boolean isPrivilegeStall(MSentryGMPrivilege privilege) {
+    if (privilege.getRoles().isEmpty()) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  private void revokeRolePartial(PersistenceManager pm, MSentryRole mRole,
+                                 MSentryPrivilege currentPrivilege,
+                                 MSentryPrivilege persistedPriv,
+                                 Set<String> addActions) throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    // If table / URI, remove ALL
+    persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(persistedPriv), pm);
+    if (persistedPriv != null && !persistedPriv.getRoles().isEmpty()) {
+      persistedPriv.removeRole(mRole);
+      if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+        pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      } else {
+        pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      }
+    }
+    currentPrivilege.setAction(AccessConstants.ALL);
+    persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(currentPrivilege), pm);
+    if (persistedPriv != null && mRole.getPrivileges().contains(persistedPriv)) {
+      persistedPriv.removeRole(mRole);
+      if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+        pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      } else {
+        pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      }
+
+      // add decomposted actions
+      for (String addAction : addActions) {
+        currentPrivilege.setAction(addAction);
+        TSentryPrivilege tSentryPrivilege = convertToTSentryPrivilege(currentPrivilege);
+        persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(tSentryPrivilege, pm);
+        if (persistedPriv == null) {
+          persistedPriv = convertToMSentryPrivilege(tSentryPrivilege);
+        }
+        mRole.appendPrivilege(persistedPriv);
+      }
+      persistedPriv.appendRole(mRole);
+      pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void revokeUserPartial(PersistenceManager pm, MSentryUser mUser,
+      MSentryPrivilege currentPrivilege,
+      MSentryPrivilege persistedPriv,
+      Set<String> addActions) throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    // If table / URI, remove ALL
+    persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(persistedPriv), pm);
+    if (persistedPriv != null && !persistedPriv.getUsers().isEmpty()) {
+      persistedPriv.removeUser(mUser);
+      if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+        pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      } else {
+        pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      }
+    }
+    currentPrivilege.setAction(AccessConstants.ALL);
+    persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(currentPrivilege), pm);
+    if (persistedPriv != null && mUser.getPrivileges().contains(persistedPriv)) {
+      persistedPriv.removeUser(mUser);
+      if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+        pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      } else {
+        pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+      }
+
+      // add decomposted actions
+      for (String addAction : addActions) {
+        currentPrivilege.setAction(addAction);
+        TSentryPrivilege tSentryPrivilege = convertToTSentryPrivilege(currentPrivilege);
+        persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(tSentryPrivilege, pm);
+        if (persistedPriv == null) {
+          persistedPriv = convertToMSentryPrivilege(tSentryPrivilege);
+        }
+        mUser.appendPrivilege(persistedPriv);
+      }
+      persistedPriv.appendUser(mUser);
+      pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Revoke privilege from role
+   */
+  private void revokePrivilegeFromRole(PersistenceManager pm, TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege,
+                                       MSentryRole mRole, MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege)
+    throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    if (PARTIAL_REVOKE_ACTIONS.contains(mPrivilege.getAction())) {
+      // if this privilege is in parital revoke actions
+      // we will do partial revoke
+      revokePartial(pm, tPrivilege, mRole, null, mPrivilege);
+    } else {
+      // otherwise,
+      // we will revoke it from role directly
+      MSentryPrivilege persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege), pm);
+      if (persistedPriv != null && !persistedPriv.getRoles().isEmpty()) {
+        persistedPriv.removeRole(mRole);
+        if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+          pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+        } else {
+          pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Revoke privilege from user
+   */
+  private void revokePrivilegeFromUser(PersistenceManager pm, TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege,
+      MSentryUser mUser, MSentryPrivilege mPrivilege)
+      throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    if (PARTIAL_REVOKE_ACTIONS.contains(mPrivilege.getAction())) {
+      // if this privilege is in parital revoke actions
+      // we will do partial revoke
+      revokePartial(pm, tPrivilege, null, mUser, mPrivilege);
+    } else {
+      // otherwise,
+      // we will revoke it from user directly
+      MSentryPrivilege persistedPriv = getMSentryPrivilege(convertToTSentryPrivilege(mPrivilege), pm);
+      if (persistedPriv != null && !persistedPriv.getUsers().isEmpty()) {
+        persistedPriv.removeUser(mUser);
+        if (isPrivilegeStall(persistedPriv)) {
+          pm.deletePersistent(persistedPriv);
+        } else {
+          pm.makePersistent(persistedPriv);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Explore Privilege graph and collect child privileges.
+   * The responsibility to commit/rollback the transaction should be handled by the caller.
+   */
+  private void populateChildren(PersistenceManager pm, SentryEntityType entityType, Set<String> entityNames, MSentryPrivilege priv,
+      Collection<MSentryPrivilege> children) throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(pm);
+    if (!isNULL(priv.getServerName()) || !isNULL(priv.getDbName())
+        || !isNULL(priv.getTableName())) {
+      // Get all TableLevel Privs
+      Set<MSentryPrivilege> childPrivs = getChildPrivileges(pm, entityType, entityNames, priv);
+      for (MSentryPrivilege childPriv : childPrivs) {
+        // Only recurse for table level privs..
+        if (!isNULL(childPriv.getDbName()) && !isNULL(childPriv.getTableName())
+            && !isNULL(childPriv.getColumnName())) {
+          populateChildren(pm, entityType, entityNames, childPriv, children);
+        }
+        // The method getChildPrivileges() didn't do filter on "action",
+        // if the action is not "All", it should judge the action of children privilege.
+        // For example: a user has a privilege “All on Col1”,
+        // if the operation is “REVOKE INSERT on table”
+        // the privilege should be the child of table level privilege.
+        // but the privilege may still have other meaning, likes "SELECT, CREATE etc. on Col1".
+        // and the privileges like "SELECT, CREATE etc. on Col1" should not be revoke.
+        if (!priv.isActionALL()) {
+          if (childPriv.isActionALL()) {
+            // If the child privilege is All, we should convert it to the same
+            // privilege with parent
+            childPriv.setAction(priv.getAction());
+          }
+          // Only include privilege that imply the parent privilege.
+          if (!priv.implies(childPriv)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+        children.add(childPriv);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private Set<MSentryPrivilege> getChildPrivileges(PersistenceManager pm, SentryEntityType entityType, Set<String> entityNames,
+      MSentryPrivilege parent) throws SentryInvalidInputException {
+    // Column and URI do not have children
+    if (!isNULL(parent.getColumnName()) || !isNULL(parent.getURI())) {
+      return Collections.emptySet();
+    }
+
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+    QueryParamBuilder paramBuilder = null;
+    if (entityType == SentryEntityType.ROLE) {
+      paramBuilder = QueryParamBuilder.addRolesFilter(query, null, entityNames).add(SERVER_NAME, parent.getServerName());
+    } else if (entityType == SentryEntityType.USER) {
+      paramBuilder = QueryParamBuilder.addUsersFilter(query, null, entityNames).add(SERVER_NAME, parent.getServerName());
+    } else {
+      throw new SentryInvalidInputException("entityType" + entityType + " is not valid");
+    }
+
+    if (!isNULL(parent.getDbName())) {
+      paramBuilder.add(DB_NAME, parent.getDbName());
+      if (!isNULL(parent.getTableName())) {
+        paramBuilder.add(TABLE_NAME, parent.getTableName())
+            .addNotNull(COLUMN_NAME);
+      } else {
+        paramBuilder.addNotNull(TABLE_NAME);
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Add condition dbName != NULL || URI != NULL
+      paramBuilder.newChild()
+          .addNotNull(DB_NAME)
+          .addNotNull(URI);
+    }
+
+    query.setFilter(paramBuilder.toString());
+    query.setResult("privilegeScope, serverName, dbName, tableName, columnName," +
+        " URI, action, grantOption");
+    List<Object[]> privObjects =
+        (List<Object[]>) query.executeWithMap(paramBuilder.getArguments());
+    Set<MSentryPrivilege> privileges = new HashSet<>(privObjects.size());
+    for (Object[] privObj : privObjects) {
+      String scope        = (String)privObj[0];
+      String serverName   = (String)privObj[1];
+      String dbName       = (String)privObj[2];
+      String tableName    = (String) privObj[3];
+      String columnName   = (String) privObj[4];
+      String URI          = (String) privObj[5];
+      String action       = (String) privObj[6];
+      Boolean grantOption = (Boolean) privObj[7];
+      MSentryPrivilege priv =
+          new MSentryPrivilege(scope, serverName, dbName, tableName,
+              columnName, URI, action, grantOption);
+      privileges.add(priv);
+    }
+    return privileges;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Drop a given sentry user.
+   *
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void dropSentryUser(final String userName) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+        new TransactionBlock<Object>() {
+          public Object execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+            pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+            dropSentryUserCore(pm, userName);
+            return null;
+          }
+        });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Drop a given sentry user. As well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param userName the given user name
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public synchronized void dropSentryUser(final String userName,
+      final Update update) throws Exception {
+    execute(update, new TransactionBlock<Object>() {
+      public Object execute(PersistenceManager pm) throws Exception {
+        pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+        dropSentryUserCore(pm, userName);
+        return null;
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  private void dropSentryUserCore(PersistenceManager pm, String userName)
+      throws SentryNoSuchObjectException {
+    String lUserName = trimAndLower(userName);
+    MSentryUser sentryUser = getUser(pm, lUserName);
+    if (sentryUser == null) {
+      throw noSuchUser(lUserName);
+    }
+    removePrivilegesForUser(pm, sentryUser);
+    pm.deletePersistent(sentryUser);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Removes all the privileges associated with
+   * a particular user. After this dis-association if the
+   * privilege doesn't have any users associated it will be
+   * removed from the underlying persistence layer.
+   * @param pm Instance of PersistenceManager
+   * @param sentryUser User for which all the privileges are to be removed.
+   */
+  private void removePrivilegesForUser(PersistenceManager pm, MSentryUser sentryUser) {
+    List<MSentryPrivilege> privilegesCopy = new ArrayList<>(sentryUser.getPrivileges());
+
+    sentryUser.removePrivileges();
+
+    removeStaledPrivileges(pm, privilegesCopy);
+  }
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  private List<MSentryPrivilege> getMSentryPrivileges(TSentryPrivilege tPriv, PersistenceManager pm) {
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+    QueryParamBuilder paramBuilder = newQueryParamBuilder();
+    paramBuilder
+            .add(SERVER_NAME, tPriv.getServerName())
+            .add("action", tPriv.getAction());
+
+    if (!isNULL(tPriv.getDbName())) {
+      paramBuilder.add(DB_NAME, tPriv.getDbName());
+      if (!isNULL(tPriv.getTableName())) {
+        paramBuilder.add(TABLE_NAME, tPriv.getTableName());
+        if (!isNULL(tPriv.getColumnName())) {
+          paramBuilder.add(COLUMN_NAME, tPriv.getColumnName());
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (!isNULL(tPriv.getURI())) {
+      // if db is null, uri is not null
+      paramBuilder.add(URI, tPriv.getURI(), true);
+    }
+
+    query.setFilter(paramBuilder.toString());
+    return (List<MSentryPrivilege>) query.executeWithMap(paramBuilder.getArguments());
+  }
+
+  private MSentryPrivilege getMSentryPrivilege(TSentryPrivilege tPriv, PersistenceManager pm) {
+    Boolean grantOption = null;
+    if (tPriv.getGrantOption().equals(TSentryGrantOption.TRUE)) {
+      grantOption = true;
+    } else if (tPriv.getGrantOption().equals(TSentryGrantOption.FALSE)) {
+      grantOption = false;
+    }
+
+    QueryParamBuilder paramBuilder = newQueryParamBuilder();
+    paramBuilder.add(SERVER_NAME, tPriv.getServerName())
+            .add(DB_NAME, tPriv.getDbName())
+            .add(TABLE_NAME, tPriv.getTableName())
+            .add(COLUMN_NAME, tPriv.getColumnName())
+            .add(URI, tPriv.getURI(), true)
+            .addObject(GRANT_OPTION, grantOption)
+            .add(ACTION, tPriv.getAction());
+
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+    query.setUnique(true);
+    query.setFilter(paramBuilder.toString());
+    return (MSentryPrivilege)query.executeWithMap(paramBuilder.getArguments());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Drop a given sentry role.
+   *
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void dropSentryRole(final String roleName) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              dropSentryRoleCore(pm, roleName);
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Drop a given sentry role. As well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param roleName the given role name
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public synchronized void dropSentryRole(final String roleName,
+      final Update update) throws Exception {
+    execute(update, pm -> {
+      pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+      dropSentryRoleCore(pm, roleName);
+      return null;
+    });
+  }
+
+  private void dropSentryRoleCore(PersistenceManager pm, String roleName)
+      throws SentryNoSuchObjectException {
+    String lRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+    MSentryRole sentryRole = getRole(pm, lRoleName);
+    if (sentryRole == null) {
+      throw noSuchRole(lRoleName);
+    }
+    removePrivileges(pm, sentryRole);
+    pm.deletePersistent(sentryRole);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Removes all the privileges associated with
+   * a particular role. After this dis-association if the
+   * privilege doesn't have any roles associated it will be
+   * removed from the underlying persistence layer.
+   * @param pm Instance of PersistenceManager
+   * @param sentryRole Role for which all the privileges are to be removed.
+   */
+  private void removePrivileges(PersistenceManager pm, MSentryRole sentryRole) {
+    List<MSentryPrivilege> privilegesCopy = new ArrayList<>(sentryRole.getPrivileges());
+    List<MSentryGMPrivilege> gmPrivilegesCopy = new ArrayList<>(sentryRole.getGmPrivileges());
+
+    sentryRole.removePrivileges();
+    // with SENTRY-398 generic model
+    sentryRole.removeGMPrivileges();
+
+    removeStaledPrivileges(pm, privilegesCopy);
+    removeStaledGMPrivileges(pm, gmPrivilegesCopy);
+  }
+
+  private void removeStaledPrivileges(PersistenceManager pm, List<MSentryPrivilege> privilegesCopy) {
+    List<MSentryPrivilege> stalePrivileges = new ArrayList<>(0);
+    for (MSentryPrivilege privilege : privilegesCopy) {
+      if (isPrivilegeStall(privilege)) {
+        stalePrivileges.add(privilege);
+      }
+    }
+    if(!stalePrivileges.isEmpty()) {
+      pm.deletePersistentAll(stalePrivileges);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void removeStaledGMPrivileges(PersistenceManager pm, List<MSentryGMPrivilege> privilegesCopy) {
+    List<MSentryGMPrivilege> stalePrivileges = new ArrayList<>(0);
+    for (MSentryGMPrivilege privilege : privilegesCopy) {
+      if (isPrivilegeStall(privilege)) {
+        stalePrivileges.add(privilege);
+      }
+    }
+    if(!stalePrivileges.isEmpty()) {
+      pm.deletePersistentAll(stalePrivileges);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Assign a given role to a set of groups.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal grantorPrincipal currently is not used.
+   * @param roleName the role to be assigned to the groups.
+   * @param groupNames the list of groups to be added to the role,
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void alterSentryRoleAddGroups(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final Set<TSentryGroup> groupNames) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              alterSentryRoleAddGroupsCore(pm, roleName, groupNames);
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Assign a given role to a set of groups. As well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param grantorPrincipal grantorPrincipal currently is not used.
+   * @param roleName the role to be assigned to the groups.
+   * @param groupNames the list of groups to be added to the role,
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public synchronized void alterSentryRoleAddGroups(final String grantorPrincipal,
+      final String roleName, final Set<TSentryGroup> groupNames,
+      final Update update) throws Exception {
+
+    execute(update, pm -> {
+      pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+      alterSentryRoleAddGroupsCore(pm, roleName, groupNames);
+      return null;
+    });
+  }
+
+  private void alterSentryRoleAddGroupsCore(PersistenceManager pm, String roleName,
+      Set<TSentryGroup> groupNames) throws SentryNoSuchObjectException {
+
+    // All role names are stored in lowercase.
+    String lRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+    MSentryRole role = getRole(pm, lRoleName);
+    if (role == null) {
+      throw noSuchRole(lRoleName);
+    }
+
+    // Add the group to the specified role if it does not belong to the role yet.
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryGroup.class);
+    query.setFilter("this.groupName == :groupName");
+    query.setUnique(true);
+    List<MSentryGroup> groups = Lists.newArrayList();
+    for (TSentryGroup tGroup : groupNames) {
+      String groupName = tGroup.getGroupName().trim();
+      MSentryGroup group = (MSentryGroup) query.execute(groupName);
+      if (group == null) {
+        group = new MSentryGroup(groupName, System.currentTimeMillis(), Sets.newHashSet(role));
+      }
+      group.appendRole(role);
+      groups.add(group);
+    }
+    pm.makePersistentAll(groups);
+  }
+
+  public void alterSentryRoleAddUsers(final String roleName,
+      final Set<String> userNames) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              alterSentryRoleAddUsersCore(pm, roleName, userNames);
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  private void alterSentryRoleAddUsersCore(PersistenceManager pm, String roleName,
+      Set<String> userNames) throws SentryNoSuchObjectException {
+    String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+    MSentryRole role = getRole(pm, trimmedRoleName);
+    if (role == null) {
+      throw noSuchRole(trimmedRoleName);
+    }
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryUser.class);
+    query.setFilter("this.userName == :userName");
+    query.setUnique(true);
+    List<MSentryUser> users = Lists.newArrayList();
+    for (String userName : userNames) {
+      userName = userName.trim();
+      MSentryUser user = (MSentryUser) query.execute(userName);
+      if (user == null) {
+        user = new MSentryUser(userName, System.currentTimeMillis(), Sets.newHashSet(role));
+      }
+      user.appendRole(role);
+      users.add(user);
+    }
+    pm.makePersistentAll(users);
+  }
+
+  public void alterSentryRoleDeleteUsers(final String roleName,
+      final Set<String> userNames) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+              MSentryRole role = getRole(pm, trimmedRoleName);
+              if (role == null) {
+                throw noSuchRole(trimmedRoleName);
+              } else {
+                Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryUser.class);
+                query.setFilter("this.userName == :userName");
+                query.setUnique(true);
+                List<MSentryUser> users = Lists.newArrayList();
+                for (String userName : userNames) {
+                  userName = userName.trim();
+                  MSentryUser user = (MSentryUser) query.execute(userName);
+                  if (user != null) {
+                    user.removeRole(role);
+                    users.add(user);
+                  }
+                }
+                pm.makePersistentAll(users);
+              }
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Revoke a given role to a set of groups.
+   *
+   * @param roleName the role to be assigned to the groups.
+   * @param groupNames the list of groups to be added to the role,
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public void alterSentryRoleDeleteGroups(final String roleName,
+      final Set<TSentryGroup> groupNames) throws Exception {
+    tm.executeTransactionWithRetry(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+              MSentryRole role = getRole(pm, trimmedRoleName);
+              if (role == null) {
+                throw noSuchRole(trimmedRoleName);
+              }
+              Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryGroup.class);
+              query.setFilter("this.groupName == :groupName");
+              query.setUnique(true);
+              List<MSentryGroup> groups = Lists.newArrayList();
+              for (TSentryGroup tGroup : groupNames) {
+                String groupName = tGroup.getGroupName().trim();
+                MSentryGroup group = (MSentryGroup) query.execute(groupName);
+                if (group != null) {
+                  group.removeRole(role);
+                  groups.add(group);
+                }
+              }
+              pm.makePersistentAll(groups);
+              return null;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Revoke a given role to a set of groups. As well as persist the corresponding
+   * permission change to MSentryPermChange table in a single transaction.
+   *
+   * @param roleName the role to be assigned to the groups.
+   * @param groupNames the list of groups to be added to the role,
+   * @param update the corresponding permission delta update
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  public synchronized void alterSentryRoleDeleteGroups(final String roleName,
+      final Set<TSentryGroup> groupNames, final Update update)
+          throws Exception {
+    execute(update, pm -> {
+      pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+      String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+      MSentryRole role = getRole(pm, trimmedRoleName);
+      if (role == null) {
+        throw noSuchRole(trimmedRoleName);
+      }
+
+      // Remove the group from the specified role if it belongs to the role.
+      Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryGroup.class);
+      query.setFilter("this.groupName == :groupName");
+      query.setUnique(true);
+      List<MSentryGroup> groups = Lists.newArrayList();
+      for (TSentryGroup tGroup : groupNames) {
+        String groupName = tGroup.getGroupName().trim();
+        MSentryGroup group = (MSentryGroup) query.execute(groupName);
+        if (group != null) {
+          group.removeRole(role);
+          groups.add(group);
+        }
+      }
+      pm.makePersistentAll(groups);
+      return null;
+    });
+  }
+
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  public MSentryRole getMSentryRoleByName(final String roleName) throws Exception {
+    return tm.executeTransaction(
+            pm -> {
+              String trimmedRoleName = trimAndLower(roleName);
+              MSentryRole sentryRole = getRole(pm, trimmedRoleName);
+              if (sentryRole == null) {
+                throw noSuchRole(trimmedRoleName);
+              }
+              return sentryRole;
+            });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the MSentryPrivilege from sentry persistent storage based on TSentryPrivilege
+   * provided
+   *
+   * Method is currently used only in test framework
+   * @param tPrivilege
+   * @return MSentryPrivilege if the privilege is found in the storage
+   * null, if the privilege is not found in the storage.
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  MSentryPrivilege findMSentryPrivilegeFromTSentryPrivilege(final TSentryPrivilege tPrivilege) throws Exception {
+    return tm.executeTransaction(
+            pm -> getMSentryPrivilege(tPrivilege, pm));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a list with all the privileges in the sentry persistent storage
+   *
+   * Method is currently used only in test framework
+   * @return List of all sentry privileges in the store
+   * @throws Exception
+   */
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  List<MSentryPrivilege> getAllMSentryPrivileges () throws Exception {
+    return tm.executeTransaction(
+            pm -> getAllMSentryPrivilegesCore(pm));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Method Returns all the privileges present in the persistent store as a list.
+   * @param pm PersistenceManager
+   * @returns list of all the privileges in the persistent store
+   */
+  private List<MSentryPrivilege> getAllMSentryPrivilegesCore (PersistenceManager pm) {
+    Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+    return (List<MSentryPrivilege>) query.execute();
+  }
+
+  private boolean hasAnyServerPrivileges(final Set<String> roleNames, final String serverName) throws Exception {
+    if (roleNames == null || roleNames.isEmpty()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return tm.executeTransaction(
+            pm -> {
+              pm.setDetachAllOnCommit(false); // No need to detach objects
+              Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+              query.addExtension(LOAD_RESULTS_AT_COMMIT, "false");
+              QueryParamBuilder paramBuilder = QueryParamBuilder.addRolesFilter(query,null, roleNames);
+              paramBuilder.add(SERVER_NAME, serverName);
+              query.setFilter(paramBuilder.toString());
+              query.setResult("count(this)");
+              Long numPrivs = (Long) query.executeWithMap(paramBuilder.getArguments());
+              return numPrivs > 0;
+            });
+  }
+
+  private List<MSentryPrivilege> getMSentryPrivileges(final SentryEntityType entityType, final Set<String> entityNames,
+      final TSentryAuthorizable authHierarchy)
+      throws Exception {
+    if (entityNames == null || entityNames.isEmpty()) {
+      return Collections.emptyList();
+    }
+
+    return tm.executeTransaction(
+        pm -> {
+          Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+          QueryParamBuilder paramBuilder = null;
+          if (entityType == SentryEntityType.ROLE) {
+            paramBuilder = QueryParamBuilder.addRolesFilter(query, null, entityNames);
+          } else if (entityType == SentryEntityType.USER) {
+            paramBuilder = QueryParamBuilder.addUsersFilter(query, null, entityNames);
+          } else {
+            throw new SentryInvalidInputException("entityType" + entityType + " is not valid");
+          }
+
+          if (authHierarchy != null && authHierarchy.getServer() != null) {
+            paramBuilder.add(SERVER_NAME, authHierarchy.getServer());
+            if (authHierarchy.getDb() != null) {
+              paramBuilder.addNull(URI)
+                  .newChild()
+                  .add(DB_NAME, authHierarchy.getDb())
+                  .addNull(DB_NAME);
+              if (authHierarchy.getTable() != null
+                  && !AccessConstants.ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(authHierarchy.getTable())) {
+                if (!AccessConstants.SOME.equalsIgnoreCase(authHierarchy.getTable())) {
+                  paramBuilder.addNull(URI)
+                      .newChild()
+                      .add(TABLE_NAME, authHierarchy.getTable())
+                      .addNull(TABLE_NAME);
+                }
+                if (authHierarchy.getColumn() != null
+                    && !AccessConstants.ALL.equalsIgnoreCase(authHierarchy.getColumn())
+                    && !AccessConstants.SOME.equalsIgnoreCase(authHierarchy.getColumn())) {
+                  paramBuilder.addNull(URI)
+                      .newChild()
+                      .add(COLUMN_NAME, authHierarchy.getColumn())
+                      .addNull(COLUMN_NAME);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            if (authHierarchy.getUri() != null) {
+              paramBuilder.addNull(DB_NAME)
+                  .newChild()
+                  .addNull(URI)
+                  .newChild()
+                  .addNotNull(URI)
+                  .addCustomParam("\"" + authHierarchy.getUri() +
+                      "\".startsWith(:URI)", URI, authHierarchy.getUri());
+            }
+          }
+
+          query.setFilter(paramBuilder.toString());
+          @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+          List<MSentryPrivilege> result =
+              (List<MSentryPrivilege>)
+                  query.executeWithMap(paramBuilder.getArguments());
+          return result;
+        });
+  }
+
+  private List<MSentryPrivilege> getMSentryPrivilegesByAuth(
+      final SentryEntityType entityType,
+      final Set<String> entityNames,
+      final TSentryAuthorizable
+      authHierarchy) throws Exception {
+      return tm.executeTransaction(
+              pm -> {
+                Query query = pm.newQuery(MSentryPrivilege.class);
+                QueryParamBuilder paramBuilder = newQueryParamBuilder();
+                if (entityNames == null || entityNames.isEmpty()) {
+                  if (entityType == SentryEntityType.ROLE) {
+                    paramBuilder.addString("!roles.isEmpty()");
+                  } else if (entityType == SentryEntityType.USER) {
+                    paramBuilder.addString("!users.isEmpty()");
+                  } else {
+                    throw new SentryInvalidInputException("entityType: " + entityType + " is invalid");
+                  }
+                } else {
+                  if (entityType == SentryEntityType.ROLE) {
+                    QueryParamBuilder.addRolesFilter(query, paramBuilder, entityNames);
+ 

<TRUNCATED>