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Posted to commits@calcite.apache.org by jc...@apache.org on 2015/09/25 21:58:12 UTC
incubator-calcite git commit: [CALCITE-892] Implement
SortJoinTransposeRule
Repository: incubator-calcite
Updated Branches:
refs/heads/master beb3b3bcf -> 0715f5b55
[CALCITE-892] Implement SortJoinTransposeRule
Close apache/incubator-calcite#136
Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/commit/0715f5b5
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/tree/0715f5b5
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/diff/0715f5b5
Branch: refs/heads/master
Commit: 0715f5b55f363a58e3dd8c20caac0024e19be413
Parents: beb3b3b
Author: Jesus Camacho Rodriguez <jc...@apache.org>
Authored: Fri Sep 25 16:41:44 2015 +0100
Committer: Jesus Camacho Rodriguez <jc...@apache.org>
Committed: Fri Sep 25 20:57:03 2015 +0100
----------------------------------------------------------------------
.../calcite/prepare/CalcitePrepareImpl.java | 4 +-
.../calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java | 14 +-
.../rel/rules/SortJoinTransposeRule.java | 161 +++++++++++++++++++
.../apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.java | 42 +++++
.../org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.xml | 83 ++++++++++
core/src/test/resources/sql/join.oq | 29 ++++
6 files changed, 331 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/blob/0715f5b5/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/CalcitePrepareImpl.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/CalcitePrepareImpl.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/CalcitePrepareImpl.java
index f761e3c..2a9c3fc 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/CalcitePrepareImpl.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/prepare/CalcitePrepareImpl.java
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.ProjectMergeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.ProjectTableScanRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.ProjectWindowTransposeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.ReduceExpressionsRule;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SortJoinTransposeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SortProjectTransposeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.TableScanRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.ValuesReduceRule;
@@ -227,7 +228,8 @@ public class CalcitePrepareImpl implements CalcitePrepare {
JoinCommuteRule.INSTANCE,
JoinPushThroughJoinRule.RIGHT,
JoinPushThroughJoinRule.LEFT,
- SortProjectTransposeRule.INSTANCE);
+ SortProjectTransposeRule.INSTANCE,
+ SortJoinTransposeRule.INSTANCE);
private static final List<RelOptRule> CONSTANT_REDUCTION_RULES =
ImmutableList.of(
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/blob/0715f5b5/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java
index 568f7ce..cc90395 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/metadata/RelMdRowCount.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Project;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.SemiJoin;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Sort;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Union;
+import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexLiteral;
import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
import org.apache.calcite.util.BuiltInMethod;
import org.apache.calcite.util.ImmutableBitSet;
@@ -65,7 +66,18 @@ public class RelMdRowCount {
}
public Double getRowCount(Sort rel) {
- return RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(rel.getInput());
+ final Double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(rel.getInput());
+ if (rowCount != null && rel.fetch != null) {
+ final int offset = rel.offset == null ? 0 : RexLiteral.intValue(rel.offset);
+ final int limit = RexLiteral.intValue(rel.fetch);
+ final Double offsetLimit = new Double(offset + limit);
+ // offsetLimit is smaller than rowCount of the input operator
+ // thus, we return the offsetLimit
+ if (offsetLimit < rowCount) {
+ return offsetLimit;
+ }
+ }
+ return rowCount;
}
public Double getRowCount(SemiJoin rel) {
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/blob/0715f5b5/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/rules/SortJoinTransposeRule.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/rules/SortJoinTransposeRule.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/rules/SortJoinTransposeRule.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6d87f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/rules/SortJoinTransposeRule.java
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.calcite.rel.rules;
+
+import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptRule;
+import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptRuleCall;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelCollation;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelCollations;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelFieldCollation;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Join;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.JoinRelType;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Sort;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalJoin;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalSort;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
+import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexLiteral;
+import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+
+/**
+ * Planner rule that pushes a {@link org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Sort} past a
+ * {@link org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Join}. At the moment, we only consider
+ * left/right outer joins.
+ * However, an extesion for full outer joins for this rule could be envision.
+ * Special attention should be paid to null values for correctness issues.
+ */
+public class SortJoinTransposeRule extends RelOptRule {
+
+ public static final SortJoinTransposeRule INSTANCE =
+ new SortJoinTransposeRule(LogicalSort.class,
+ LogicalJoin.class);
+
+ //~ Constructors -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+ /** Creates a SortJoinTransposeRule. */
+ public SortJoinTransposeRule(Class<? extends Sort> sortClass,
+ Class<? extends Join> joinClass) {
+ super(
+ operand(sortClass,
+ operand(joinClass, any())));
+ }
+
+ //~ Methods ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ @Override
+ public boolean matches(RelOptRuleCall call) {
+ final Sort sort = call.rel(0);
+ final Join join = call.rel(1);
+
+ // 1) If join is not a left or right outer, we bail out
+ // 2) If sort does not consist only of a limit operation,
+ // or any sort column is not part of the input where the
+ // sort is pushed, we bail out
+ if (join.getJoinType() == JoinRelType.LEFT) {
+ if (sort.getCollation() != RelCollations.EMPTY) {
+ for (RelFieldCollation relFieldCollation
+ : sort.getCollation().getFieldCollations()) {
+ if (relFieldCollation.getFieldIndex()
+ >= join.getLeft().getRowType().getFieldCount()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ } else if (join.getJoinType() == JoinRelType.RIGHT) {
+ if (sort.getCollation() != RelCollations.EMPTY) {
+ for (RelFieldCollation relFieldCollation
+ : sort.getCollation().getFieldCollations()) {
+ if (relFieldCollation.getFieldIndex()
+ < join.getLeft().getRowType().getFieldCount()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public void onMatch(RelOptRuleCall call) {
+ final Sort sort = call.rel(0);
+ final Join join = call.rel(1);
+
+ // We create a new sort operator on the corresponding input
+ final RelNode newLeftInput;
+ final RelNode newRightInput;
+ if (join.getJoinType() == JoinRelType.LEFT) {
+ // If the input is already sorted and we are not reducing the number of tuples,
+ // we bail out
+ if (checkInputForCollationAndLimit(join.getLeft(), sort.getCollation(),
+ sort.offset, sort.fetch)) {
+ return;
+ }
+ newLeftInput = sort.copy(sort.getTraitSet(), join.getLeft(), sort.getCollation(),
+ sort.offset, sort.fetch);
+ newRightInput = join.getRight();
+ } else {
+ final RelCollation rightCollation = RelCollations.shift(
+ sort.getCollation(), -join.getLeft().getRowType().getFieldCount());
+ // If the input is already sorted and we are not reducing the number of tuples,
+ // we bail out
+ if (checkInputForCollationAndLimit(join.getRight(), rightCollation,
+ sort.offset, sort.fetch)) {
+ return;
+ }
+ newLeftInput = join.getLeft();
+ newRightInput = sort.copy(sort.getTraitSet(), join.getRight(), rightCollation,
+ sort.offset, sort.fetch);
+ }
+ // We copy the join and the top sort operator
+ final RelNode joinCopy = join.copy(join.getTraitSet(), join.getCondition(), newLeftInput,
+ newRightInput, join.getJoinType(), join.isSemiJoinDone());
+ final RelNode sortCopy = sort.copy(sort.getTraitSet(), joinCopy, sort.getCollation(),
+ sort.offset, sort.fetch);
+
+ call.transformTo(sortCopy);
+ }
+
+ /* Checks if an input is already sorted and has less rows than
+ * the sum of offset and limit */
+ private boolean checkInputForCollationAndLimit(RelNode input,
+ RelCollation collation, RexNode offset, RexNode fetch) {
+ // Check if the input is already sorted
+ ImmutableList<RelCollation> inputCollation =
+ RelMetadataQuery.collations(input);
+ final boolean alreadySorted = RelCollations.equal(
+ ImmutableList.of(collation), inputCollation);
+ // Check if we are not reducing the number of tuples
+ boolean alreadySmaller = true;
+ final Double rowCount = RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(input);
+ if (rowCount != null && fetch != null) {
+ final int offsetVal = offset == null ? 0 : RexLiteral.intValue(offset);
+ final int limit = RexLiteral.intValue(fetch);
+ final Double offsetLimit = new Double(offsetVal + limit);
+ if (offsetLimit < rowCount) {
+ alreadySmaller = false;
+ }
+ }
+ return alreadySorted && alreadySmaller;
+ }
+
+}
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/blob/0715f5b5/core/src/test/java/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.java b/core/src/test/java/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.java
index 34ff371..7ba514d 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.java
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SemiJoinJoinTransposeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SemiJoinProjectTransposeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SemiJoinRemoveRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SemiJoinRule;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SortJoinTransposeRule;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.SortProjectTransposeRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.TableScanRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.UnionToDistinctRule;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.ValuesReduceRule;
@@ -1826,6 +1828,46 @@ public class RelOptRulesTest extends RelOptTestBase {
+ " where d.deptno + 10 = e.deptno * 2");
}
+ @Test public void testSortJoinTranspose1() {
+ final HepProgram preProgram = new HepProgramBuilder()
+ .addRuleInstance(SortProjectTransposeRule.INSTANCE)
+ .build();
+ final HepProgram program = new HepProgramBuilder()
+ .addRuleInstance(SortJoinTransposeRule.INSTANCE)
+ .build();
+ final String sql = "select * from sales.emp e left join (\n"
+ + "select * from sales.dept d) using (deptno)\n"
+ + "order by sal limit 10";
+ checkPlanning(tester, preProgram, new HepPlanner(program), sql);
+ }
+
+ @Test public void testSortJoinTranspose2() {
+ final HepProgram preProgram = new HepProgramBuilder()
+ .addRuleInstance(SortProjectTransposeRule.INSTANCE)
+ .build();
+ final HepProgram program = new HepProgramBuilder()
+ .addRuleInstance(SortJoinTransposeRule.INSTANCE)
+ .build();
+ final String sql = "select * from sales.emp e right join (\n"
+ + "select * from sales.dept d) using (deptno)\n"
+ + "order by name";
+ checkPlanning(tester, preProgram, new HepPlanner(program), sql);
+ }
+
+ @Test public void testSortJoinTranspose3() {
+ final HepProgram preProgram = new HepProgramBuilder()
+ .addRuleInstance(SortProjectTransposeRule.INSTANCE)
+ .build();
+ final HepProgram program = new HepProgramBuilder()
+ .addRuleInstance(SortJoinTransposeRule.INSTANCE)
+ .build();
+ // This one cannot be pushed down
+ final String sql = "select * from sales.emp left join (\n"
+ + "select * from sales.dept) using (deptno)\n"
+ + "order by sal, name limit 10";
+ checkPlanning(tester, preProgram, new HepPlanner(program), sql);
+ }
+
}
// End RelOptRulesTest.java
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/blob/0715f5b5/core/src/test/resources/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.xml
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/test/resources/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.xml b/core/src/test/resources/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.xml
index 07cf79a..0d01e9a 100644
--- a/core/src/test/resources/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.xml
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/org/apache/calcite/test/RelOptRulesTest.xml
@@ -4039,4 +4039,87 @@ LogicalProject($f0=[$3], $f1=[$1], $f2=[$2])
]]>
</Resource>
</TestCase>
+ <TestCase name="testSortJoinTranspose1">
+ <Resource name="sql">
+ <![CDATA[select * from sales.emp e left join (
+select * from sales.dept d) using (deptno)
+order by sal limit 10]]>
+ </Resource>
+ <Resource name="planBefore">
+ <![CDATA[
+LogicalProject(EMPNO=[$0], ENAME=[$1], JOB=[$2], MGR=[$3], HIREDATE=[$4], SAL=[$5], COMM=[$6], DEPTNO=[$7], SLACKER=[$8], DEPTNO0=[$9], NAME=[$10])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$5], dir0=[ASC], fetch=[10])
+ LogicalJoin(condition=[=($7, $9)], joinType=[left])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, EMP]])
+ LogicalProject(DEPTNO=[$0], NAME=[$1])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, DEPT]])
+]]>
+ </Resource>
+ <Resource name="planAfter">
+ <![CDATA[
+LogicalProject(EMPNO=[$0], ENAME=[$1], JOB=[$2], MGR=[$3], HIREDATE=[$4], SAL=[$5], COMM=[$6], DEPTNO=[$7], SLACKER=[$8], DEPTNO0=[$9], NAME=[$10])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$5], dir0=[ASC], fetch=[10])
+ LogicalJoin(condition=[=($7, $9)], joinType=[left])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$5], dir0=[ASC], fetch=[10])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, EMP]])
+ LogicalProject(DEPTNO=[$0], NAME=[$1])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, DEPT]])
+]]>
+ </Resource>
+ </TestCase>
+ <TestCase name="testSortJoinTranspose2">
+ <Resource name="sql">
+ <![CDATA[select * from sales.emp e right join (
+select * from sales.dept d) using (deptno)
+order by name]]>
+ </Resource>
+ <Resource name="planBefore">
+ <![CDATA[
+LogicalProject(EMPNO=[$0], ENAME=[$1], JOB=[$2], MGR=[$3], HIREDATE=[$4], SAL=[$5], COMM=[$6], DEPTNO=[$7], SLACKER=[$8], DEPTNO0=[$9], NAME=[$10])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$10], dir0=[ASC])
+ LogicalJoin(condition=[=($7, $9)], joinType=[right])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, EMP]])
+ LogicalProject(DEPTNO=[$0], NAME=[$1])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, DEPT]])
+]]>
+ </Resource>
+ <Resource name="planAfter">
+ <![CDATA[
+LogicalProject(EMPNO=[$0], ENAME=[$1], JOB=[$2], MGR=[$3], HIREDATE=[$4], SAL=[$5], COMM=[$6], DEPTNO=[$7], SLACKER=[$8], DEPTNO0=[$9], NAME=[$10])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$10], dir0=[ASC])
+ LogicalJoin(condition=[=($7, $9)], joinType=[right])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, EMP]])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$1], dir0=[ASC])
+ LogicalProject(DEPTNO=[$0], NAME=[$1])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, DEPT]])
+]]>
+ </Resource>
+ </TestCase>
+ <TestCase name="testSortJoinTranspose3">
+ <Resource name="sql">
+ <![CDATA[select * from sales.emp left join (
+select * from sales.dept) using (deptno)
+order by sal, name limit 10]]>
+ </Resource>
+ <Resource name="planBefore">
+ <![CDATA[
+LogicalProject(EMPNO=[$0], ENAME=[$1], JOB=[$2], MGR=[$3], HIREDATE=[$4], SAL=[$5], COMM=[$6], DEPTNO=[$7], SLACKER=[$8], DEPTNO0=[$9], NAME=[$10])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$5], sort1=[$10], dir0=[ASC], dir1=[ASC], fetch=[10])
+ LogicalJoin(condition=[=($7, $9)], joinType=[left])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, EMP]])
+ LogicalProject(DEPTNO=[$0], NAME=[$1])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, DEPT]])
+]]>
+ </Resource>
+ <Resource name="planAfter">
+ <![CDATA[
+LogicalProject(EMPNO=[$0], ENAME=[$1], JOB=[$2], MGR=[$3], HIREDATE=[$4], SAL=[$5], COMM=[$6], DEPTNO=[$7], SLACKER=[$8], DEPTNO0=[$9], NAME=[$10])
+ LogicalSort(sort0=[$5], sort1=[$10], dir0=[ASC], dir1=[ASC], fetch=[10])
+ LogicalJoin(condition=[=($7, $9)], joinType=[left])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, EMP]])
+ LogicalProject(DEPTNO=[$0], NAME=[$1])
+ LogicalTableScan(table=[[CATALOG, SALES, DEPT]])
+]]>
+ </Resource>
+ </TestCase>
</Root>
http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-calcite/blob/0715f5b5/core/src/test/resources/sql/join.oq
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/src/test/resources/sql/join.oq b/core/src/test/resources/sql/join.oq
index 0c69e2a..43cdad1 100644
--- a/core/src/test/resources/sql/join.oq
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/sql/join.oq
@@ -256,4 +256,33 @@ using (deptno);
!ok
+### [CALCITE-892] Implement SortJoinTransposeRule
+### Limit and sort are different Enumerable operators, thus it does not apply
+select * from "scott".emp e left join (
+ select * from "scott".dept d) using (deptno)
+order by sal limit 10;
++-------+--------+----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+---------+------------+----------+
+| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB | MGR | HIREDATE | SAL | COMM | DEPTNO | DEPTNO0 | DNAME | LOC |
++-------+--------+----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+---------+------------+----------+
+| 7369 | SMITH | CLERK | 7902 | 1980-12-17 | 800.00 | | 20 | 20 | RESEARCH | DALLAS |
+| 7900 | JAMES | CLERK | 7698 | 1981-12-03 | 950.00 | | 30 | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
+| 7876 | ADAMS | CLERK | 7788 | 1987-05-23 | 1100.00 | | 20 | 20 | RESEARCH | DALLAS |
+| 7521 | WARD | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250.00 | 500.00 | 30 | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
+| 7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 | 30 | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
+| 7934 | MILLER | CLERK | 7782 | 1982-01-23 | 1300.00 | | 10 | 10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
+| 7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500.00 | 0.00 | 30 | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
+| 7499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600.00 | 300.00 | 30 | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
+| 7782 | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450.00 | | 10 | 10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
+| 7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-01-05 | 2850.00 | | 30 | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
++-------+--------+----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+---------+------------+----------+
+(10 rows)
+
+!ok
+EnumerableLimit(fetch=[10])
+ EnumerableSort(sort0=[$5], dir0=[ASC])
+ EnumerableJoin(condition=[=($7, $8)], joinType=[left])
+ EnumerableTableScan(table=[[scott, EMP]])
+ EnumerableTableScan(table=[[scott, DEPT]])
+!plan
+
# End join.oq