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Posted to commits@zookeeper.apache.org by an...@apache.org on 2018/10/24 09:32:31 UTC

[15/36] zookeeper git commit: ZOOKEEPER-3032: MAVEN MIGRATION - branch-3.4 - zookeeper-server

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/zookeeper/blob/7291e47c/zookeeper-server/src/main/java/org/apache/zookeeper/ZooKeeper.java
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diff --git a/zookeeper-server/src/main/java/org/apache/zookeeper/ZooKeeper.java b/zookeeper-server/src/main/java/org/apache/zookeeper/ZooKeeper.java
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+++ b/zookeeper-server/src/main/java/org/apache/zookeeper/ZooKeeper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1857 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.zookeeper;
+
+import org.apache.yetus.audience.InterfaceAudience;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback.*;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.OpResult.ErrorResult;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.client.ConnectStringParser;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.client.HostProvider;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.client.StaticHostProvider;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.client.ZooKeeperSaslClient;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.common.PathUtils;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.data.ACL;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.proto.*;
+import org.apache.zookeeper.server.DataTree;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.util.*;
+
+/**
+ * This is the main class of ZooKeeper client library. To use a ZooKeeper
+ * service, an application must first instantiate an object of ZooKeeper class.
+ * All the iterations will be done by calling the methods of ZooKeeper class.
+ * The methods of this class are thread-safe unless otherwise noted.
+ * <p>
+ * Once a connection to a server is established, a session ID is assigned to the
+ * client. The client will send heart beats to the server periodically to keep
+ * the session valid.
+ * <p>
+ * The application can call ZooKeeper APIs through a client as long as the
+ * session ID of the client remains valid.
+ * <p>
+ * If for some reason, the client fails to send heart beats to the server for a
+ * prolonged period of time (exceeding the sessionTimeout value, for instance),
+ * the server will expire the session, and the session ID will become invalid.
+ * The client object will no longer be usable. To make ZooKeeper API calls, the
+ * application must create a new client object.
+ * <p>
+ * If the ZooKeeper server the client currently connects to fails or otherwise
+ * does not respond, the client will automatically try to connect to another
+ * server before its session ID expires. If successful, the application can
+ * continue to use the client.
+ * <p>
+ * The ZooKeeper API methods are either synchronous or asynchronous. Synchronous
+ * methods blocks until the server has responded. Asynchronous methods just queue
+ * the request for sending and return immediately. They take a callback object that
+ * will be executed either on successful execution of the request or on error with
+ * an appropriate return code (rc) indicating the error.
+ * <p>
+ * Some successful ZooKeeper API calls can leave watches on the "data nodes" in
+ * the ZooKeeper server. Other successful ZooKeeper API calls can trigger those
+ * watches. Once a watch is triggered, an event will be delivered to the client
+ * which left the watch at the first place. Each watch can be triggered only
+ * once. Thus, up to one event will be delivered to a client for every watch it
+ * leaves.
+ * <p>
+ * A client needs an object of a class implementing Watcher interface for
+ * processing the events delivered to the client.
+ *
+ * When a client drops the current connection and re-connects to a server, all the
+ * existing watches are considered as being triggered but the undelivered events
+ * are lost. To emulate this, the client will generate a special event to tell
+ * the event handler a connection has been dropped. This special event has
+ * EventType None and KeeperState Disconnected.
+ *
+ */
+@InterfaceAudience.Public
+public class ZooKeeper {
+
+    public static final String ZOOKEEPER_CLIENT_CNXN_SOCKET = "zookeeper.clientCnxnSocket";
+
+    protected final ClientCnxn cnxn;
+    private static final Logger LOG;
+    static {
+        //Keep these two lines together to keep the initialization order explicit
+        LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ZooKeeper.class);
+        Environment.logEnv("Client environment:", LOG);
+    }
+
+
+    public ZooKeeperSaslClient getSaslClient() {
+        return cnxn.zooKeeperSaslClient;
+    }
+
+    private final ZKWatchManager watchManager = new ZKWatchManager();
+
+    List<String> getDataWatches() {
+        synchronized(watchManager.dataWatches) {
+            List<String> rc = new ArrayList<String>(watchManager.dataWatches.keySet());
+            return rc;
+        }
+    }
+    List<String> getExistWatches() {
+        synchronized(watchManager.existWatches) {
+            List<String> rc =  new ArrayList<String>(watchManager.existWatches.keySet());
+            return rc;
+        }
+    }
+    List<String> getChildWatches() {
+        synchronized(watchManager.childWatches) {
+            List<String> rc = new ArrayList<String>(watchManager.childWatches.keySet());
+            return rc;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Manage watchers & handle events generated by the ClientCnxn object.
+     *
+     * We are implementing this as a nested class of ZooKeeper so that
+     * the public methods will not be exposed as part of the ZooKeeper client
+     * API.
+     */
+    private static class ZKWatchManager implements ClientWatchManager {
+        private final Map<String, Set<Watcher>> dataWatches =
+            new HashMap<String, Set<Watcher>>();
+        private final Map<String, Set<Watcher>> existWatches =
+            new HashMap<String, Set<Watcher>>();
+        private final Map<String, Set<Watcher>> childWatches =
+            new HashMap<String, Set<Watcher>>();
+
+        private volatile Watcher defaultWatcher;
+
+        final private void addTo(Set<Watcher> from, Set<Watcher> to) {
+            if (from != null) {
+                to.addAll(from);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* (non-Javadoc)
+         * @see org.apache.zookeeper.ClientWatchManager#materialize(Event.KeeperState, 
+         *                                                        Event.EventType, java.lang.String)
+         */
+        @Override
+        public Set<Watcher> materialize(Watcher.Event.KeeperState state,
+                                        Watcher.Event.EventType type,
+                                        String clientPath)
+        {
+            Set<Watcher> result = new HashSet<Watcher>();
+
+            switch (type) {
+            case None:
+                result.add(defaultWatcher);
+                boolean clear = ClientCnxn.getDisableAutoResetWatch() &&
+                        state != Watcher.Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected;
+
+                synchronized(dataWatches) {
+                    for(Set<Watcher> ws: dataWatches.values()) {
+                        result.addAll(ws);
+                    }
+                    if (clear) {
+                        dataWatches.clear();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                synchronized(existWatches) {
+                    for(Set<Watcher> ws: existWatches.values()) {
+                        result.addAll(ws);
+                    }
+                    if (clear) {
+                        existWatches.clear();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                synchronized(childWatches) {
+                    for(Set<Watcher> ws: childWatches.values()) {
+                        result.addAll(ws);
+                    }
+                    if (clear) {
+                        childWatches.clear();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return result;
+            case NodeDataChanged:
+            case NodeCreated:
+                synchronized (dataWatches) {
+                    addTo(dataWatches.remove(clientPath), result);
+                }
+                synchronized (existWatches) {
+                    addTo(existWatches.remove(clientPath), result);
+                }
+                break;
+            case NodeChildrenChanged:
+                synchronized (childWatches) {
+                    addTo(childWatches.remove(clientPath), result);
+                }
+                break;
+            case NodeDeleted:
+                synchronized (dataWatches) {
+                    addTo(dataWatches.remove(clientPath), result);
+                }
+                // XXX This shouldn't be needed, but just in case
+                synchronized (existWatches) {
+                    Set<Watcher> list = existWatches.remove(clientPath);
+                    if (list != null) {
+                        addTo(list, result);
+                        LOG.warn("We are triggering an exists watch for delete! Shouldn't happen!");
+                    }
+                }
+                synchronized (childWatches) {
+                    addTo(childWatches.remove(clientPath), result);
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                String msg = "Unhandled watch event type " + type
+                    + " with state " + state + " on path " + clientPath;
+                LOG.error(msg);
+                throw new RuntimeException(msg);
+            }
+
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Register a watcher for a particular path.
+     */
+    abstract class WatchRegistration {
+        private Watcher watcher;
+        private String clientPath;
+        public WatchRegistration(Watcher watcher, String clientPath)
+        {
+            this.watcher = watcher;
+            this.clientPath = clientPath;
+        }
+
+        abstract protected Map<String, Set<Watcher>> getWatches(int rc);
+
+        /**
+         * Register the watcher with the set of watches on path.
+         * @param rc the result code of the operation that attempted to
+         * add the watch on the path.
+         */
+        public void register(int rc) {
+            if (shouldAddWatch(rc)) {
+                Map<String, Set<Watcher>> watches = getWatches(rc);
+                synchronized(watches) {
+                    Set<Watcher> watchers = watches.get(clientPath);
+                    if (watchers == null) {
+                        watchers = new HashSet<Watcher>();
+                        watches.put(clientPath, watchers);
+                    }
+                    watchers.add(watcher);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        /**
+         * Determine whether the watch should be added based on return code.
+         * @param rc the result code of the operation that attempted to add the
+         * watch on the node
+         * @return true if the watch should be added, otw false
+         */
+        protected boolean shouldAddWatch(int rc) {
+            return rc == 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Handle the special case of exists watches - they add a watcher
+     * even in the case where NONODE result code is returned.
+     */
+    class ExistsWatchRegistration extends WatchRegistration {
+        public ExistsWatchRegistration(Watcher watcher, String clientPath) {
+            super(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Map<String, Set<Watcher>> getWatches(int rc) {
+            return rc == 0 ?  watchManager.dataWatches : watchManager.existWatches;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected boolean shouldAddWatch(int rc) {
+            return rc == 0 || rc == KeeperException.Code.NONODE.intValue();
+        }
+    }
+
+    class DataWatchRegistration extends WatchRegistration {
+        public DataWatchRegistration(Watcher watcher, String clientPath) {
+            super(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Map<String, Set<Watcher>> getWatches(int rc) {
+            return watchManager.dataWatches;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class ChildWatchRegistration extends WatchRegistration {
+        public ChildWatchRegistration(Watcher watcher, String clientPath) {
+            super(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Map<String, Set<Watcher>> getWatches(int rc) {
+            return watchManager.childWatches;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @InterfaceAudience.Public
+    public enum States {
+        CONNECTING, ASSOCIATING, CONNECTED, CONNECTEDREADONLY,
+        CLOSED, AUTH_FAILED, NOT_CONNECTED;
+
+        public boolean isAlive() {
+            return this != CLOSED && this != AUTH_FAILED;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns whether we are connected to a server (which
+         * could possibly be read-only, if this client is allowed
+         * to go to read-only mode)
+         * */
+        public boolean isConnected() {
+            return this == CONNECTED || this == CONNECTEDREADONLY;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * To create a ZooKeeper client object, the application needs to pass a
+     * connection string containing a comma separated list of host:port pairs,
+     * each corresponding to a ZooKeeper server.
+     * <p>
+     * Session establishment is asynchronous. This constructor will initiate
+     * connection to the server and return immediately - potentially (usually)
+     * before the session is fully established. The watcher argument specifies
+     * the watcher that will be notified of any changes in state. This
+     * notification can come at any point before or after the constructor call
+     * has returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The instantiated ZooKeeper client object will pick an arbitrary server
+     * from the connectString and attempt to connect to it. If establishment of
+     * the connection fails, another server in the connect string will be tried
+     * (the order is non-deterministic, as we random shuffle the list), until a
+     * connection is established. The client will continue attempts until the
+     * session is explicitly closed.
+     * <p>
+     * Added in 3.2.0: An optional "chroot" suffix may also be appended to the
+     * connection string. This will run the client commands while interpreting
+     * all paths relative to this root (similar to the unix chroot command).
+     *
+     * @param connectString
+     *            comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
+     *            server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002" If
+     *            the optional chroot suffix is used the example would look
+     *            like: "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002/app/a"
+     *            where the client would be rooted at "/app/a" and all paths
+     *            would be relative to this root - ie getting/setting/etc...
+     *            "/foo/bar" would result in operations being run on
+     *            "/app/a/foo/bar" (from the server perspective).
+     * @param sessionTimeout
+     *            session timeout in milliseconds
+     * @param watcher
+     *            a watcher object which will be notified of state changes, may
+     *            also be notified for node events
+     *
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             in cases of network failure
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             if an invalid chroot path is specified
+     */
+    public ZooKeeper(String connectString, int sessionTimeout, Watcher watcher)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        this(connectString, sessionTimeout, watcher, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * To create a ZooKeeper client object, the application needs to pass a
+     * connection string containing a comma separated list of host:port pairs,
+     * each corresponding to a ZooKeeper server.
+     * <p>
+     * Session establishment is asynchronous. This constructor will initiate
+     * connection to the server and return immediately - potentially (usually)
+     * before the session is fully established. The watcher argument specifies
+     * the watcher that will be notified of any changes in state. This
+     * notification can come at any point before or after the constructor call
+     * has returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The instantiated ZooKeeper client object will pick an arbitrary server
+     * from the connectString and attempt to connect to it. If establishment of
+     * the connection fails, another server in the connect string will be tried
+     * (the order is non-deterministic, as we random shuffle the list), until a
+     * connection is established. The client will continue attempts until the
+     * session is explicitly closed.
+     * <p>
+     * Added in 3.2.0: An optional "chroot" suffix may also be appended to the
+     * connection string. This will run the client commands while interpreting
+     * all paths relative to this root (similar to the unix chroot command).
+     *
+     * @param connectString
+     *            comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
+     *            server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002" If
+     *            the optional chroot suffix is used the example would look
+     *            like: "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002/app/a"
+     *            where the client would be rooted at "/app/a" and all paths
+     *            would be relative to this root - ie getting/setting/etc...
+     *            "/foo/bar" would result in operations being run on
+     *            "/app/a/foo/bar" (from the server perspective).
+     * @param sessionTimeout
+     *            session timeout in milliseconds
+     * @param watcher
+     *            a watcher object which will be notified of state changes, may
+     *            also be notified for node events
+     * @param canBeReadOnly
+     *            (added in 3.4) whether the created client is allowed to go to
+     *            read-only mode in case of partitioning. Read-only mode
+     *            basically means that if the client can't find any majority
+     *            servers but there's partitioned server it could reach, it
+     *            connects to one in read-only mode, i.e. read requests are
+     *            allowed while write requests are not. It continues seeking for
+     *            majority in the background.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             in cases of network failure
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             if an invalid chroot path is specified
+     */
+    public ZooKeeper(String connectString, int sessionTimeout, Watcher watcher,
+            boolean canBeReadOnly)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        LOG.info("Initiating client connection, connectString=" + connectString
+                + " sessionTimeout=" + sessionTimeout + " watcher=" + watcher);
+
+        watchManager.defaultWatcher = watcher;
+
+        ConnectStringParser connectStringParser = new ConnectStringParser(
+                connectString);
+        HostProvider hostProvider = new StaticHostProvider(
+                connectStringParser.getServerAddresses());
+        cnxn = new ClientCnxn(connectStringParser.getChrootPath(),
+                hostProvider, sessionTimeout, this, watchManager,
+                getClientCnxnSocket(), canBeReadOnly);
+        cnxn.start();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * To create a ZooKeeper client object, the application needs to pass a
+     * connection string containing a comma separated list of host:port pairs,
+     * each corresponding to a ZooKeeper server.
+     * <p>
+     * Session establishment is asynchronous. This constructor will initiate
+     * connection to the server and return immediately - potentially (usually)
+     * before the session is fully established. The watcher argument specifies
+     * the watcher that will be notified of any changes in state. This
+     * notification can come at any point before or after the constructor call
+     * has returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The instantiated ZooKeeper client object will pick an arbitrary server
+     * from the connectString and attempt to connect to it. If establishment of
+     * the connection fails, another server in the connect string will be tried
+     * (the order is non-deterministic, as we random shuffle the list), until a
+     * connection is established. The client will continue attempts until the
+     * session is explicitly closed (or the session is expired by the server).
+     * <p>
+     * Added in 3.2.0: An optional "chroot" suffix may also be appended to the
+     * connection string. This will run the client commands while interpreting
+     * all paths relative to this root (similar to the unix chroot command).
+     * <p>
+     * Use {@link #getSessionId} and {@link #getSessionPasswd} on an established
+     * client connection, these values must be passed as sessionId and
+     * sessionPasswd respectively if reconnecting. Otherwise, if not
+     * reconnecting, use the other constructor which does not require these
+     * parameters.
+     *
+     * @param connectString
+     *            comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
+     *            server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002"
+     *            If the optional chroot suffix is used the example would look
+     *            like: "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002/app/a"
+     *            where the client would be rooted at "/app/a" and all paths
+     *            would be relative to this root - ie getting/setting/etc...
+     *            "/foo/bar" would result in operations being run on
+     *            "/app/a/foo/bar" (from the server perspective).
+     * @param sessionTimeout
+     *            session timeout in milliseconds
+     * @param watcher
+     *            a watcher object which will be notified of state changes, may
+     *            also be notified for node events
+     * @param sessionId
+     *            specific session id to use if reconnecting
+     * @param sessionPasswd
+     *            password for this session
+     *
+     * @throws IOException in cases of network failure
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid chroot path is specified
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException for an invalid list of ZooKeeper hosts
+     */
+    public ZooKeeper(String connectString, int sessionTimeout, Watcher watcher,
+            long sessionId, byte[] sessionPasswd)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        this(connectString, sessionTimeout, watcher, sessionId, sessionPasswd, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * To create a ZooKeeper client object, the application needs to pass a
+     * connection string containing a comma separated list of host:port pairs,
+     * each corresponding to a ZooKeeper server.
+     * <p>
+     * Session establishment is asynchronous. This constructor will initiate
+     * connection to the server and return immediately - potentially (usually)
+     * before the session is fully established. The watcher argument specifies
+     * the watcher that will be notified of any changes in state. This
+     * notification can come at any point before or after the constructor call
+     * has returned.
+     * <p>
+     * The instantiated ZooKeeper client object will pick an arbitrary server
+     * from the connectString and attempt to connect to it. If establishment of
+     * the connection fails, another server in the connect string will be tried
+     * (the order is non-deterministic, as we random shuffle the list), until a
+     * connection is established. The client will continue attempts until the
+     * session is explicitly closed (or the session is expired by the server).
+     * <p>
+     * Added in 3.2.0: An optional "chroot" suffix may also be appended to the
+     * connection string. This will run the client commands while interpreting
+     * all paths relative to this root (similar to the unix chroot command).
+     * <p>
+     * Use {@link #getSessionId} and {@link #getSessionPasswd} on an established
+     * client connection, these values must be passed as sessionId and
+     * sessionPasswd respectively if reconnecting. Otherwise, if not
+     * reconnecting, use the other constructor which does not require these
+     * parameters.
+     *
+     * @param connectString
+     *            comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
+     *            server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002"
+     *            If the optional chroot suffix is used the example would look
+     *            like: "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002/app/a"
+     *            where the client would be rooted at "/app/a" and all paths
+     *            would be relative to this root - ie getting/setting/etc...
+     *            "/foo/bar" would result in operations being run on
+     *            "/app/a/foo/bar" (from the server perspective).
+     * @param sessionTimeout
+     *            session timeout in milliseconds
+     * @param watcher
+     *            a watcher object which will be notified of state changes, may
+     *            also be notified for node events
+     * @param sessionId
+     *            specific session id to use if reconnecting
+     * @param sessionPasswd
+     *            password for this session
+     * @param canBeReadOnly
+     *            (added in 3.4) whether the created client is allowed to go to
+     *            read-only mode in case of partitioning. Read-only mode
+     *            basically means that if the client can't find any majority
+     *            servers but there's partitioned server it could reach, it
+     *            connects to one in read-only mode, i.e. read requests are
+     *            allowed while write requests are not. It continues seeking for
+     *            majority in the background.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException in cases of network failure
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid chroot path is specified
+     */
+    public ZooKeeper(String connectString, int sessionTimeout, Watcher watcher,
+            long sessionId, byte[] sessionPasswd, boolean canBeReadOnly)
+        throws IOException
+    {
+        LOG.info("Initiating client connection, connectString=" + connectString
+                + " sessionTimeout=" + sessionTimeout
+                + " watcher=" + watcher
+                + " sessionId=" + Long.toHexString(sessionId)
+                + " sessionPasswd="
+                + (sessionPasswd == null ? "<null>" : "<hidden>"));
+
+        watchManager.defaultWatcher = watcher;
+
+        ConnectStringParser connectStringParser = new ConnectStringParser(
+                connectString);
+        HostProvider hostProvider = new StaticHostProvider(
+                connectStringParser.getServerAddresses());
+        cnxn = new ClientCnxn(connectStringParser.getChrootPath(),
+                hostProvider, sessionTimeout, this, watchManager,
+                getClientCnxnSocket(), sessionId, sessionPasswd, canBeReadOnly);
+        cnxn.seenRwServerBefore = true; // since user has provided sessionId
+        cnxn.start();
+    }
+
+    // VisibleForTesting
+    public Testable getTestable() {
+        return new ZooKeeperTestable(this, cnxn);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The session id for this ZooKeeper client instance. The value returned is
+     * not valid until the client connects to a server and may change after a
+     * re-connect.
+     *
+     * This method is NOT thread safe
+     *
+     * @return current session id
+     */
+    public long getSessionId() {
+        return cnxn.getSessionId();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The session password for this ZooKeeper client instance. The value
+     * returned is not valid until the client connects to a server and may
+     * change after a re-connect.
+     *
+     * This method is NOT thread safe
+     *
+     * @return current session password
+     */
+    public byte[] getSessionPasswd() {
+        return cnxn.getSessionPasswd();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The negotiated session timeout for this ZooKeeper client instance. The
+     * value returned is not valid until the client connects to a server and
+     * may change after a re-connect.
+     *
+     * This method is NOT thread safe
+     *
+     * @return current session timeout
+     */
+    public int getSessionTimeout() {
+        return cnxn.getSessionTimeout();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add the specified scheme:auth information to this connection.
+     *
+     * This method is NOT thread safe
+     *
+     * @param scheme
+     * @param auth
+     */
+    public void addAuthInfo(String scheme, byte auth[]) {
+        cnxn.addAuthInfo(scheme, auth);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Specify the default watcher for the connection (overrides the one
+     * specified during construction).
+     *
+     * @param watcher
+     */
+    public synchronized void register(Watcher watcher) {
+        watchManager.defaultWatcher = watcher;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Close this client object. Once the client is closed, its session becomes
+     * invalid. All the ephemeral nodes in the ZooKeeper server associated with
+     * the session will be removed. The watches left on those nodes (and on
+     * their parents) will be triggered.
+     *
+     * @throws InterruptedException
+     */
+    public synchronized void close() throws InterruptedException {
+        if (!cnxn.getState().isAlive()) {
+            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                LOG.debug("Close called on already closed client");
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            LOG.debug("Closing session: 0x" + Long.toHexString(getSessionId()));
+        }
+
+        try {
+            cnxn.close();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+                LOG.debug("Ignoring unexpected exception during close", e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        LOG.info("Session: 0x" + Long.toHexString(getSessionId()) + " closed");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepend the chroot to the client path (if present). The expectation of
+     * this function is that the client path has been validated before this
+     * function is called
+     * @param clientPath path to the node
+     * @return server view of the path (chroot prepended to client path)
+     */
+    private String prependChroot(String clientPath) {
+        if (cnxn.chrootPath != null) {
+            // handle clientPath = "/"
+            if (clientPath.length() == 1) {
+                return cnxn.chrootPath;
+            }
+            return cnxn.chrootPath + clientPath;
+        } else {
+            return clientPath;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a node with the given path. The node data will be the given data,
+     * and node acl will be the given acl.
+     * <p>
+     * The flags argument specifies whether the created node will be ephemeral
+     * or not.
+     * <p>
+     * An ephemeral node will be removed by the ZooKeeper automatically when the
+     * session associated with the creation of the node expires.
+     * <p>
+     * The flags argument can also specify to create a sequential node. The
+     * actual path name of a sequential node will be the given path plus a
+     * suffix "i" where i is the current sequential number of the node. The sequence
+     * number is always fixed length of 10 digits, 0 padded. Once
+     * such a node is created, the sequential number will be incremented by one.
+     * <p>
+     * If a node with the same actual path already exists in the ZooKeeper, a
+     * KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NodeExists will be
+     * thrown. Note that since a different actual path is used for each
+     * invocation of creating sequential node with the same path argument, the
+     * call will never throw "file exists" KeeperException.
+     * <p>
+     * If the parent node does not exist in the ZooKeeper, a KeeperException
+     * with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown.
+     * <p>
+     * An ephemeral node cannot have children. If the parent node of the given
+     * path is ephemeral, a KeeperException with error code
+     * KeeperException.NoChildrenForEphemerals will be thrown.
+     * <p>
+     * This operation, if successful, will trigger all the watches left on the
+     * node of the given path by exists and getData API calls, and the watches
+     * left on the parent node by getChildren API calls.
+     * <p>
+     * If a node is created successfully, the ZooKeeper server will trigger the
+     * watches on the path left by exists calls, and the watches on the parent
+     * of the node by getChildren calls.
+     * <p>
+     * The maximum allowable size of the data array is 1 MB (1,048,576 bytes).
+     * Arrays larger than this will cause a KeeperExecption to be thrown.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     *                the path for the node
+     * @param data
+     *                the initial data for the node
+     * @param acl
+     *                the acl for the node
+     * @param createMode
+     *                specifying whether the node to be created is ephemeral
+     *                and/or sequential
+     * @return the actual path of the created node
+     * @throws KeeperException if the server returns a non-zero error code
+     * @throws KeeperException.InvalidACLException if the ACL is invalid, null, or empty
+     * @throws InterruptedException if the transaction is interrupted
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public String create(final String path, byte data[], List<ACL> acl,
+            CreateMode createMode)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath, createMode.isSequential());
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.create);
+        CreateRequest request = new CreateRequest();
+        CreateResponse response = new CreateResponse();
+        request.setData(data);
+        request.setFlags(createMode.toFlag());
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        if (acl != null && acl.size() == 0) {
+            throw new KeeperException.InvalidACLException();
+        }
+        request.setAcl(acl);
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, null);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        if (cnxn.chrootPath == null) {
+            return response.getPath();
+        } else {
+            return response.getPath().substring(cnxn.chrootPath.length());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of create.
+     *
+     * @see #create(String, byte[], List, CreateMode)
+     */
+
+    public void create(final String path, byte data[], List<ACL> acl,
+            CreateMode createMode,  StringCallback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath, createMode.isSequential());
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.create);
+        CreateRequest request = new CreateRequest();
+        CreateResponse response = new CreateResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = new ReplyHeader();
+        request.setData(data);
+        request.setFlags(createMode.toFlag());
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setAcl(acl);
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, r, request, response, cb, clientPath,
+                serverPath, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Delete the node with the given path. The call will succeed if such a node
+     * exists, and the given version matches the node's version (if the given
+     * version is -1, it matches any node's versions).
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if the nodes does not exist.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.BadVersion will be
+     * thrown if the given version does not match the node's version.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NotEmpty will be thrown
+     * if the node has children.
+     * <p>
+     * This operation, if successful, will trigger all the watches on the node
+     * of the given path left by exists API calls, and the watches on the parent
+     * node left by getChildren API calls.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     *                the path of the node to be deleted.
+     * @param version
+     *                the expected node version.
+     * @throws InterruptedException IF the server transaction is interrupted
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero
+     *   return code.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public void delete(final String path, int version)
+        throws InterruptedException, KeeperException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath;
+
+        // maintain semantics even in chroot case
+        // specifically - root cannot be deleted
+        // I think this makes sense even in chroot case.
+        if (clientPath.equals("/")) {
+            // a bit of a hack, but delete(/) will never succeed and ensures
+            // that the same semantics are maintained
+            serverPath = clientPath;
+        } else {
+            serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+        }
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.delete);
+        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setVersion(version);
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, null, null);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes multiple ZooKeeper operations or none of them.
+     * <p>
+     * On success, a list of results is returned.
+     * On failure, an exception is raised which contains partial results and
+     * error details, see {@link KeeperException#getResults}
+     * <p>
+     * Note: The maximum allowable size of all of the data arrays in all of
+     * the setData operations in this single request is typically 1 MB
+     * (1,048,576 bytes). This limit is specified on the server via
+     * <a href="http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#Unsafe+Options">jute.maxbuffer</a>.
+     * Requests larger than this will cause a KeeperException to be
+     * thrown.
+     *
+     * @param ops An iterable that contains the operations to be done.
+     * These should be created using the factory methods on {@link Op}.
+     * @return A list of results, one for each input Op, the order of
+     * which exactly matches the order of the <code>ops</code> input
+     * operations.
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the operation was interrupted.
+     * The operation may or may not have succeeded, but will not have
+     * partially succeeded if this exception is thrown.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the operation could not be completed
+     * due to some error in doing one of the specified ops.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     *
+     * @since 3.4.0
+     */
+    public List<OpResult> multi(Iterable<Op> ops) throws InterruptedException, KeeperException {
+        for (Op op : ops) {
+            op.validate();
+        }
+        return multiInternal(generateMultiTransaction(ops));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of multi.
+     *
+     * @see #multi(Iterable)
+     * @since 3.4.7
+     */
+    public void multi(Iterable<Op> ops, MultiCallback cb, Object ctx) {
+        List<OpResult> results = validatePath(ops);
+        if (results.size() > 0) {
+            cb.processResult(KeeperException.Code.BADARGUMENTS.intValue(),
+                             null, ctx, results);
+            return;
+        }
+        multiInternal(generateMultiTransaction(ops), cb, ctx);
+    }
+
+    private List<OpResult> validatePath(Iterable<Op> ops) {
+        List<OpResult> results = new ArrayList<OpResult>();
+        boolean error = false;
+        for (Op op : ops) {
+            try {
+                op.validate();
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
+                LOG.error("IllegalArgumentException: " + iae.getMessage());
+                ErrorResult err = new ErrorResult(
+                        KeeperException.Code.BADARGUMENTS.intValue());
+                results.add(err);
+                error = true;
+                continue;
+            } catch (KeeperException ke) {
+                LOG.error("KeeperException: " + ke.getMessage());
+                ErrorResult err = new ErrorResult(ke.code().intValue());
+                results.add(err);
+                error = true;
+                continue;
+            }
+            ErrorResult err = new ErrorResult(
+                    KeeperException.Code.RUNTIMEINCONSISTENCY.intValue());
+            results.add(err);
+        }
+        if (false == error) {
+            results.clear();
+        }
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    private MultiTransactionRecord generateMultiTransaction(Iterable<Op> ops) {
+        List<Op> transaction = new ArrayList<Op>();
+
+        for (Op op : ops) {
+            transaction.add(withRootPrefix(op));
+        }
+        return new MultiTransactionRecord(transaction);
+    }
+
+    private Op withRootPrefix(Op op) {
+        if (null != op.getPath()) {
+            final String serverPath = prependChroot(op.getPath());
+            if (!op.getPath().equals(serverPath)) {
+                return op.withChroot(serverPath);
+            }
+        }
+        return op;
+    }
+
+    protected void multiInternal(MultiTransactionRecord request, MultiCallback cb, Object ctx) {
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.multi);
+        MultiResponse response = new MultiResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb, null, null, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    protected List<OpResult> multiInternal(MultiTransactionRecord request)
+        throws InterruptedException, KeeperException {
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.multi);
+        MultiResponse response = new MultiResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, null);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()));
+        }
+
+        List<OpResult> results = response.getResultList();
+        
+        ErrorResult fatalError = null;
+        for (OpResult result : results) {
+            if (result instanceof ErrorResult && ((ErrorResult)result).getErr() != KeeperException.Code.OK.intValue()) {
+                fatalError = (ErrorResult) result;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (fatalError != null) {
+            KeeperException ex = KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(fatalError.getErr()));
+            ex.setMultiResults(results);
+            throw ex;
+        }
+
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A Transaction is a thin wrapper on the {@link #multi} method
+     * which provides a builder object that can be used to construct
+     * and commit an atomic set of operations.
+     *
+     * @since 3.4.0
+     *
+     * @return a Transaction builder object
+     */
+    public Transaction transaction() {
+        return new Transaction(this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of delete.
+     *
+     * @see #delete(String, int)
+     */
+    public void delete(final String path, int version, VoidCallback cb,
+            Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath;
+
+        // maintain semantics even in chroot case
+        // specifically - root cannot be deleted
+        // I think this makes sense even in chroot case.
+        if (clientPath.equals("/")) {
+            // a bit of a hack, but delete(/) will never succeed and ensures
+            // that the same semantics are maintained
+            serverPath = clientPath;
+        } else {
+            serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+        }
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.delete);
+        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setVersion(version);
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, null, cb, clientPath,
+                serverPath, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the stat of the node of the given path. Return null if no such a
+     * node exists.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is non-null and the call is successful (no exception is thrown),
+     * a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch will be
+     * triggered by a successful operation that creates/delete the node or sets
+     * the data on the node.
+     *
+     * @param path the node path
+     * @param watcher explicit watcher
+     * @return the stat of the node of the given path; return null if no such a
+     *         node exists.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public Stat exists(final String path, Watcher watcher)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new ExistsWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.exists);
+        ExistsRequest request = new ExistsRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        SetDataResponse response = new SetDataResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, wcb);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            if (r.getErr() == KeeperException.Code.NONODE.intValue()) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+
+        return response.getStat().getCzxid() == -1 ? null : response.getStat();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the stat of the node of the given path. Return null if no such a
+     * node exists.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is thrown),
+     * a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch will be
+     * triggered by a successful operation that creates/delete the node or sets
+     * the data on the node.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     *                the node path
+     * @param watch
+     *                whether need to watch this node
+     * @return the stat of the node of the given path; return null if no such a
+     *         node exists.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     */
+    public Stat exists(String path, boolean watch) throws KeeperException,
+        InterruptedException
+    {
+        return exists(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of exists.
+     *
+     * @see #exists(String, Watcher)
+     */
+    public void exists(final String path, Watcher watcher,
+            StatCallback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new ExistsWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.exists);
+        ExistsRequest request = new ExistsRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        SetDataResponse response = new SetDataResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, wcb);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of exists.
+     *
+     * @see #exists(String, boolean)
+     */
+    public void exists(String path, boolean watch, StatCallback cb, Object ctx) {
+        exists(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null, cb, ctx);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the data and the stat of the node of the given path.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is non-null and the call is successful (no exception is
+     * thrown), a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch
+     * will be triggered by a successful operation that sets data on the node, or
+     * deletes the node.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @param path the given path
+     * @param watcher explicit watcher
+     * @param stat the stat of the node
+     * @return the data of the node
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public byte[] getData(final String path, Watcher watcher, Stat stat)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+     {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new DataWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getData);
+        GetDataRequest request = new GetDataRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        GetDataResponse response = new GetDataResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, wcb);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        if (stat != null) {
+            DataTree.copyStat(response.getStat(), stat);
+        }
+        return response.getData();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the data and the stat of the node of the given path.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is
+     * thrown), a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch
+     * will be triggered by a successful operation that sets data on the node, or
+     * deletes the node.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @param path the given path
+     * @param watch whether need to watch this node
+     * @param stat the stat of the node
+     * @return the data of the node
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     */
+    public byte[] getData(String path, boolean watch, Stat stat)
+            throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
+        return getData(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null, stat);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getData.
+     *
+     * @see #getData(String, Watcher, Stat)
+     */
+    public void getData(final String path, Watcher watcher,
+            DataCallback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new DataWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getData);
+        GetDataRequest request = new GetDataRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        GetDataResponse response = new GetDataResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, wcb);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getData.
+     *
+     * @see #getData(String, boolean, Stat)
+     */
+    public void getData(String path, boolean watch, DataCallback cb, Object ctx) {
+        getData(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null, cb, ctx);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the data for the node of the given path if such a node exists and the
+     * given version matches the version of the node (if the given version is
+     * -1, it matches any node's versions). Return the stat of the node.
+     * <p>
+     * This operation, if successful, will trigger all the watches on the node
+     * of the given path left by getData calls.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.BadVersion will be
+     * thrown if the given version does not match the node's version.
+     * <p>
+     * The maximum allowable size of the data array is 1 MB (1,048,576 bytes).
+     * Arrays larger than this will cause a KeeperException to be thrown.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     *                the path of the node
+     * @param data
+     *                the data to set
+     * @param version
+     *                the expected matching version
+     * @return the state of the node
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public Stat setData(final String path, byte data[], int version)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.setData);
+        SetDataRequest request = new SetDataRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setData(data);
+        request.setVersion(version);
+        SetDataResponse response = new SetDataResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, null);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        return response.getStat();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of setData.
+     *
+     * @see #setData(String, byte[], int)
+     */
+    public void setData(final String path, byte data[], int version,
+            StatCallback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.setData);
+        SetDataRequest request = new SetDataRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setData(data);
+        request.setVersion(version);
+        SetDataResponse response = new SetDataResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the ACL and stat of the node of the given path.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     *                the given path for the node
+     * @param stat
+     *                the stat of the node will be copied to this parameter if
+     *                not null.
+     * @return the ACL array of the given node.
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public List<ACL> getACL(final String path, Stat stat)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getACL);
+        GetACLRequest request = new GetACLRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        GetACLResponse response = new GetACLResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, null);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        if (stat != null) {
+            DataTree.copyStat(response.getStat(), stat);
+        }
+        return response.getAcl();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getACL.
+     *
+     * @see #getACL(String, Stat)
+     */
+    public void getACL(final String path, Stat stat, ACLCallback cb,
+            Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getACL);
+        GetACLRequest request = new GetACLRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        GetACLResponse response = new GetACLResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the ACL for the node of the given path if such a node exists and the
+     * given aclVersion matches the acl version of the node. Return the stat of the
+     * node.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.BadVersion will be
+     * thrown if the given aclVersion does not match the node's aclVersion.
+     *
+     * @param path the given path for the node
+     * @param acl the given acl for the node
+     * @param aclVersion the given acl version of the node
+     * @return the stat of the node.
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code.
+     * @throws org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.InvalidACLException If the acl is invalide.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public Stat setACL(final String path, List<ACL> acl, int aclVersion)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.setACL);
+        SetACLRequest request = new SetACLRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        if (acl != null && acl.size() == 0) {
+            throw new KeeperException.InvalidACLException(clientPath);
+        }
+        request.setAcl(acl);
+        request.setVersion(aclVersion);
+        SetACLResponse response = new SetACLResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, null);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        return response.getStat();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of setACL.
+     *
+     * @see #setACL(String, List, int)
+     */
+    public void setACL(final String path, List<ACL> acl, int version,
+            StatCallback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.setACL);
+        SetACLRequest request = new SetACLRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setAcl(acl);
+        request.setVersion(version);
+        SetACLResponse response = new SetACLResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the list of the children of the node of the given path.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is non-null and the call is successful (no exception is thrown),
+     * a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch willbe
+     * triggered by a successful operation that deletes the node of the given
+     * path or creates/delete a child under the node.
+     * <p>
+     * The list of children returned is not sorted and no guarantee is provided
+     * as to its natural or lexical order.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     * @param watcher explicit watcher
+     * @return an unordered array of children of the node with the given path
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public List<String> getChildren(final String path, Watcher watcher)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new ChildWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getChildren);
+        GetChildrenRequest request = new GetChildrenRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        GetChildrenResponse response = new GetChildrenResponse();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, wcb);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        return response.getChildren();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the list of the children of the node of the given path.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is thrown),
+     * a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch willbe
+     * triggered by a successful operation that deletes the node of the given
+     * path or creates/delete a child under the node.
+     * <p>
+     * The list of children returned is not sorted and no guarantee is provided
+     * as to its natural or lexical order.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @param path
+     * @param watch
+     * @return an unordered array of children of the node with the given path
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code.
+     */
+    public List<String> getChildren(String path, boolean watch)
+            throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
+        return getChildren(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getChildren.
+     *
+     * @see #getChildren(String, Watcher)
+     */
+    public void getChildren(final String path, Watcher watcher,
+            ChildrenCallback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new ChildWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getChildren);
+        GetChildrenRequest request = new GetChildrenRequest();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        GetChildrenResponse response = new GetChildrenResponse();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, wcb);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getChildren.
+     *
+     * @see #getChildren(String, boolean)
+     */
+    public void getChildren(String path, boolean watch, ChildrenCallback cb,
+            Object ctx)
+    {
+        getChildren(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null, cb, ctx);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * For the given znode path return the stat and children list.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is non-null and the call is successful (no exception is thrown),
+     * a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch willbe
+     * triggered by a successful operation that deletes the node of the given
+     * path or creates/delete a child under the node.
+     * <p>
+     * The list of children returned is not sorted and no guarantee is provided
+     * as to its natural or lexical order.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @param path
+     * @param watcher explicit watcher
+     * @param stat stat of the znode designated by path
+     * @return an unordered array of children of the node with the given path
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero error code.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public List<String> getChildren(final String path, Watcher watcher,
+            Stat stat)
+        throws KeeperException, InterruptedException
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new ChildWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getChildren2);
+        GetChildren2Request request = new GetChildren2Request();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        GetChildren2Response response = new GetChildren2Response();
+        ReplyHeader r = cnxn.submitRequest(h, request, response, wcb);
+        if (r.getErr() != 0) {
+            throw KeeperException.create(KeeperException.Code.get(r.getErr()),
+                    clientPath);
+        }
+        if (stat != null) {
+            DataTree.copyStat(response.getStat(), stat);
+        }
+        return response.getChildren();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * For the given znode path return the stat and children list.
+     * <p>
+     * If the watch is true and the call is successful (no exception is thrown),
+     * a watch will be left on the node with the given path. The watch willbe
+     * triggered by a successful operation that deletes the node of the given
+     * path or creates/delete a child under the node.
+     * <p>
+     * The list of children returned is not sorted and no guarantee is provided
+     * as to its natural or lexical order.
+     * <p>
+     * A KeeperException with error code KeeperException.NoNode will be thrown
+     * if no node with the given path exists.
+     *
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @param path
+     * @param watch
+     * @param stat stat of the znode designated by path
+     * @return an unordered array of children of the node with the given path
+     * @throws InterruptedException If the server transaction is interrupted.
+     * @throws KeeperException If the server signals an error with a non-zero
+     *  error code.
+     */
+    public List<String> getChildren(String path, boolean watch, Stat stat)
+            throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
+        return getChildren(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null,
+                stat);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getChildren.
+     *
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @see #getChildren(String, Watcher, Stat)
+     */
+    public void getChildren(final String path, Watcher watcher,
+            Children2Callback cb, Object ctx)
+    {
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        // the watch contains the un-chroot path
+        WatchRegistration wcb = null;
+        if (watcher != null) {
+            wcb = new ChildWatchRegistration(watcher, clientPath);
+        }
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.getChildren2);
+        GetChildren2Request request = new GetChildren2Request();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        request.setWatch(watcher != null);
+        GetChildren2Response response = new GetChildren2Response();
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, wcb);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The asynchronous version of getChildren.
+     *
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @see #getChildren(String, boolean, Stat)
+     */
+    public void getChildren(String path, boolean watch, Children2Callback cb,
+            Object ctx)
+    {
+        getChildren(path, watch ? watchManager.defaultWatcher : null, cb, ctx);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asynchronous sync. Flushes channel between process and leader.
+     * @param path
+     * @param cb a handler for the callback
+     * @param ctx context to be provided to the callback
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid path is specified
+     */
+    public void sync(final String path, VoidCallback cb, Object ctx){
+        final String clientPath = path;
+        PathUtils.validatePath(clientPath);
+
+        final String serverPath = prependChroot(clientPath);
+
+        RequestHeader h = new RequestHeader();
+        h.setType(ZooDefs.OpCode.sync);
+        SyncRequest request = new SyncRequest();
+        SyncResponse response = new SyncResponse();
+        request.setPath(serverPath);
+        cnxn.queuePacket(h, new ReplyHeader(), request, response, cb,
+                clientPath, serverPath, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    public States getState() {
+        return cnxn.getState();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * String representation of this ZooKeeper client. Suitable for things
+     * like logging.
+     * 
+     * Do NOT count on the format of this string, it may change without
+     * warning.
+     * 
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        States state = getState();
+        return ("State:" + state.toString()
+                + (state.isConnected() ?
+                        " Timeout:" + getSessionTimeout() + " " :
+                        " ")
+                + cnxn);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Methods to aid in testing follow.
+     * 
+     * THESE METHODS ARE EXPECTED TO BE USED FOR TESTING ONLY!!!
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * Wait up to wait milliseconds for the underlying threads to shutdown.
+     * THIS METHOD IS EXPECTED TO BE USED FOR TESTING ONLY!!!
+     * 
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @param wait max wait in milliseconds
+     * @return true iff all threads are shutdown, otw false
+     */
+    protected boolean testableWaitForShutdown(int wait)
+        throws InterruptedException
+    {
+        cnxn.sendThread.join(wait);
+        if (cnxn.sendThread.isAlive()) return false;
+        cnxn.eventThread.join(wait);
+        if (cnxn.eventThread.isAlive()) return false;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the address to which the socket is connected. Useful for testing
+     * against an ensemble - test client may need to know which server
+     * to shutdown if interested in verifying that the code handles
+     * disconnection/reconnection correctly.
+     * THIS METHOD IS EXPECTED TO BE USED FOR TESTING ONLY!!!
+     *
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @return ip address of the remote side of the connection or null if
+     *         not connected
+     */
+    protected SocketAddress testableRemoteSocketAddress() {
+        return cnxn.sendThread.getClientCnxnSocket().getRemoteSocketAddress();
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * Returns the local address to which the socket is bound.
+     * THIS METHOD IS EXPECTED TO BE USED FOR TESTING ONLY!!!
+     *
+     * @since 3.3.0
+     * 
+     * @return ip address of the remote side of the connection or null if
+     *         not connected
+     */
+    protected SocketAddress testableLocalSocketAddress() {
+        return cnxn.sendThread.getClientCnxnSocket().getLocalSocketAddress();
+    }
+
+    private static ClientCnxnSocket getClientCnxnSocket() throws IOException {
+        String clientCnxnSocketName = System
+                .getProperty(ZOOKEEPER_CLIENT_CNXN_SOCKET);
+        if (clientCnxnSocketName == null) {
+            clientCnxnSocketName = ClientCnxnSocketNIO.class.getName();
+        }
+        try {
+            return (ClientCnxnSocket) Class.forName(clientCnxnSocketName).getDeclaredConstructor()
+                    .newInstance();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            IOException ioe = new IOException("Couldn't instantiate "
+                    + clientCnxnSocketName);
+            ioe.initCause(e);
+            throw ioe;
+        }
+    }
+}