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Posted to commits@jena.apache.org by an...@apache.org on 2018/05/04 09:03:10 UTC

[09/24] jena git commit: JENA-1537: Remove dependency on Xerces. Import needed code

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/jena/blob/c9a7e646/jena-core/src/main/java/org/apache/jena/ext/xerces/jaxp/datatype/XMLGregorianCalendarImpl.java
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diff --git a/jena-core/src/main/java/org/apache/jena/ext/xerces/jaxp/datatype/XMLGregorianCalendarImpl.java b/jena-core/src/main/java/org/apache/jena/ext/xerces/jaxp/datatype/XMLGregorianCalendarImpl.java
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/jena-core/src/main/java/org/apache/jena/ext/xerces/jaxp/datatype/XMLGregorianCalendarImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,3232 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.jena.ext.xerces.jaxp.datatype;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConstants;
+import javax.xml.datatype.Duration;
+import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.jena.ext.xerces.util.DatatypeMessageFormatter;
+
+/** 
+ * <p>Representation for W3C XML Schema 1.0 date/time datatypes.
+ * Specifically, these date/time datatypes are 
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#DATETIME dateTime},
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#TIME time},
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#DATE date},
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#GYEARMONTH gYearMonth},
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#GMONTHDAY gMonthDay},
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#GYEAR gYear}, 
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#GMONTH gMonth} and
+ * {@link DatatypeConstants#GDAY gDay}
+ * defined in the XML Namespace
+ * <code>"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"</code>.
+ * These datatypes are normatively defined in 
+ * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime">W3C XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Section 3.2.7-14</a>.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>The table below defines the mapping between XML Schema 1.0
+ * date/time datatype fields and this class' fields. It also summarizes
+ * the value constraints for the date and time fields defined in
+ * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#isoformats">W3C XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Appendix D,
+ * <i>ISO 8601 Date and Time Formats</i></a>.</p>
+ * 
+ * <a name="datetimefieldsmapping"/>
+ * <table border="2" rules="all" cellpadding="2">
+ *   <thead>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <th align="center" colspan="3">
+ *         Date/time datatype field mapping between XML Schema 1.0 and Java representation
+ *       </th>
+ *     </tr>
+ *   </thead>
+ *   <tbody>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <th>XML Schema 1.0<br/>
+ *           datatype<br/> 
+ *            field</th>
+ *       <th>Related<br/>XMLGregorianCalendar<br/>Accessor(s)</th>
+ *       <th>Value Range</th>
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <a name="datetimefield-year"/>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <td> year </td>
+ *       <td> {@link #getYear()} + {@link #getEon()} or<br/>
+ *            {@link #getEonAndYear}
+ *       </td>
+ *       <td> <code>getYear()</code> is a value between -(10^9-1) to (10^9)-1 
+ *            or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.<br/>
+ *            {@link #getEon()} is high order year value in billion of years.<br/>
+ *            <code>getEon()</code> has values greater than or equal to (10^9) or less than or equal to -(10^9).
+ *            A value of null indicates field is undefined.</br>
+ *            Given that <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema-errata#e2-63">XML Schema 1.0 errata</a> states that the year zero
+ *            will be a valid lexical value in a future version of XML Schema, 
+ *            this class allows the year field to be set to zero. Otherwise,
+ *            the year field value is handled exactly as described
+ *            in the errata and [ISO-8601-1988]. Note that W3C XML Schema 1.0
+ *            validation does not allow for the year field to have a value of zero.
+ *            </td>
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <a name="datetimefield-month"/>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <td> month </td>
+ *       <td> {@link #getMonth()} </td>
+ *       <td> 1 to 12 or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} </td>
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <a name="datetimefield-day"/>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <td> day </td>
+ *       <td> {@link #getDay()} </td>
+ *       <td> Independent of month, max range is 1 to 31 or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.<br/>
+ *            The normative value constraint stated relative to month 
+ *            field's value is in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#isoformats">W3C XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Appendix D</a>.
+ *       </td> 
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <a name="datetimefield-hour"/>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <td> hour </td>
+ *       <td> {@link #getHour()} </td>
+ *       <td>
+ *         0 to 24 or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}
+ *         <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema-errata#e2-45">For a value of 24, the minute and second field must be zero.</a>
+ *       </td>
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <a name="datetimefield-minute"/>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <td> minute </td>
+ *       <td> {@link #getMinute()} </td>
+ *       <td> 0 to 59 or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} </td>
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <a name="datetimefield-second"/>
+ *     <tr>
+ *       <td>second</td>
+ *       <td>
+ *         {@link #getSecond()} + {@link #getMillisecond()}/1000 or<br/>
+ *         {@link #getSecond()} + {@link #getFractionalSecond()}
+ *       </td>
+ *       <td>
+ *         {@link #getSecond()} from 0 to 60 or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.<br/>
+ *         <i>(Note: 60 only allowable for leap second.)</i><br/>
+ *         {@link #getFractionalSecond()} allows for infinite precision over the range from 0.0 to 1.0 when 
+ *         the {@link #getSecond()} is defined.<br/>
+ *         <code>FractionalSecond</code> is optional and has a value of <code>null</code> when it is undefined.<br />
+ *            {@link #getMillisecond()} is the convenience 
+ *            millisecond precision of value of {@link #getFractionalSecond()}.
+ *       </td>
+ *     </tr>
+ *     <tr id="datetimefield-timezone">
+ *       <td> timezone </td>
+ *       <td> {@link #getTimezone()} </td>
+ *       <td> Number of minutes or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.
+ *         Value range from -14 hours (-14 * 60 minutes) to 14 hours (14 * 60 minutes).
+ *       </td>
+ *     </tr>
+ *   </tbody>
+ *  </table>
+ *
+ * <p>All maximum value space constraints listed for the fields in the table 
+ * above are checked by factory methods, setter methods and parse methods of
+ * this class. <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> is thrown when 
+ * parameter's value is outside the maximum value constraint for the field.
+ * Validation checks, for example, whether days in month should be 
+ * limited to 29, 30 or 31 days, that are dependent on the values of other 
+ * fields are not checked by these methods. 
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>The following operations are defined for this class:
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>factory methods to create instances</li>
+ *   <li>accessors/mutators for independent date/time fields</li>
+ *   <li>conversion between this class and W3C XML Schema 1.0 lexical representation</li>
+ *   <li>conversion between this class and <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code></li>
+ *   <li>partial order relation comparator method, {@link #compare(XMLGregorianCalendar)}</li>
+ *   <li>{@link #equals(Object)} defined relative to {@link #compare(XMLGregorianCalendar)}.</li>
+ *   <li> addition operation with {@link javax.xml.datatype.Duration}. 
+ * instance as defined in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#adding-durations-to-dateTimes">
+ * W3C XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Appendix E, <i>Adding durations to dateTimes</i></a>.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * @author <a href="mailto:Kohsuke.Kawaguchi@Sun.com">Kohsuke Kawaguchi</a>
+ * @author <a href="mailto:Joseph.Fialli@Sun.com">Joseph Fialli</a>
+ * @version $Id: XMLGregorianCalendarImpl.java 759809 2009-03-30 00:44:05Z mrglavas $
+ * @see javax.xml.datatype.Duration
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("all")
+class XMLGregorianCalendarImpl
+	extends XMLGregorianCalendar
+	implements Serializable, Cloneable {
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Stream Unique Identifier.</p>
+     */
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3905403108073447394L;
+
+    /** Backup values **/
+    private BigInteger orig_eon;
+    private int orig_year = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    private int orig_month = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    private int orig_day = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    private int orig_hour = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    private int orig_minute = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    private int orig_second = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    private BigDecimal orig_fracSeconds;
+    private int orig_timezone = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Eon of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private BigInteger eon = null;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Year of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private int year = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Month of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private int month = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Day of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private int day = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Timezone of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> in minutes.</p>
+     */
+    private int timezone = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Hour of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private int hour = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Minute of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private int minute = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Second of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private int second = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED ;
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Fractional second of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
+     */
+    private BigDecimal fractionalSecond = null;
+
+    /**
+     * <p>BigInteger constant; representing a billion.</p>
+     */
+    private static final BigInteger BILLION_B = BigInteger.valueOf(1000000000);
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>int constant; representing a billion.</p>
+     */
+    private static final int BILLION_I = 1000000000;
+
+    /**
+     *   <p>Obtain a pure Gregorian Calendar by calling
+     *   GregorianCalendar.setChange(PURE_GREGORIAN_CHANGE). </p>
+     */
+    private static final Date PURE_GREGORIAN_CHANGE = new Date(Long.MIN_VALUE);
+
+    /**
+     * Year index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int YEAR   = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Month index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int MONTH  = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Day index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int DAY    = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Hour index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int HOUR   = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Minute index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int MINUTE = 4;
+
+    /**
+     * Second index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int SECOND = 5;
+
+    /**
+     * Second index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES.
+     */
+    private static final int MILLISECOND = 6;
+
+    /**
+     * Timezone index for MIN_ and MAX_FIELD_VALUES
+     */
+    private static final int TIMEZONE = 7;
+
+    /**
+     * Minimum field values indexed by YEAR..TIMEZONE.
+     */
+    private static final int MIN_FIELD_VALUE[] = { 
+        Integer.MIN_VALUE,  //Year field can be smaller than this,
+        // only constraint on integer value of year. 
+        DatatypeConstants.JANUARY, 
+        1,       //day of month
+        0,       //hour
+        0,       //minute
+        0,       //second
+        0,       //millisecond
+        -14 * 60 //timezone
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum field values indexed by YEAR..TIMEZONE.
+     */
+    private static final int MAX_FIELD_VALUE[] = { 
+        Integer.MAX_VALUE,  // Year field can be bigger than this, 
+        // only constraint on integer value of year.
+        DatatypeConstants.DECEMBER,              
+        31,       //day of month                         
+        24,       //hour
+        59,       //minute
+        60,       //second (leap second allows for 60)
+        999,      //millisecond
+        14 * 60   //timezone
+    }; 
+
+    /**
+     * field names indexed by YEAR..TIMEZONE.
+     */
+    private static final String FIELD_NAME[] = { 
+        "Year",
+        "Month",
+        "Day",
+        "Hour",
+        "Minute",
+        "Second",
+        "Millisecond",
+        "Timezone"
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Use as a template for default field values when 
+     * converting to a {@link GregorianCalendar}, set to a leap 
+     * year date of January 1, 0400 at midnight.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Fields that are optional for an <code>xsd:dateTime</code> instances are defaulted to not being set to any value.
+     * <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> fields millisecond, fractional second and timezone return the value indicating
+     * that the field is not set, {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} for millisecond and timezone
+     * and <code>null</code> for fractional second.</p>
+     * 
+     * @see #toGregorianCalendar(TimeZone, Locale, XMLGregorianCalendar)
+     */
+    public static final XMLGregorianCalendar LEAP_YEAR_DEFAULT =
+        createDateTime(
+                400,  //year
+                DatatypeConstants.JANUARY,  //month
+                1,  // day
+                0,  // hour
+                0,  // minute
+                0,  // second
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED,  // milliseconds
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED // timezone
+        );
+
+    // Constructors
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new XMLGregorianCalendar object.
+     * 
+     * String parsing documented by {@link #parse(String)}.
+     * 
+     * Returns a non-null valid XMLGregorianCalendar object that holds the 
+     * value indicated by the lexicalRepresentation parameter.
+     *
+     * @param lexicalRepresentation
+     *      Lexical representation of one the eight
+     *      XML Schema date/time datatypes.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *      If the given string does not conform as documented in 
+     *      {@link #parse(String)}.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *      If the given string is null.
+     */
+    protected XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(String lexicalRepresentation)
+        throws IllegalArgumentException {
+
+        // compute format string for this lexical representation.
+        String format = null;
+        String lexRep = lexicalRepresentation;
+        final int NOT_FOUND = -1;
+        int lexRepLength = lexRep.length();
+
+        // current parser needs a format string,
+        // use following heuristics to figure out what xml schema date/time
+        // datatype this lexical string could represent.
+        if (lexRep.indexOf('T') != NOT_FOUND) {
+            // found Date Time separater, must be xsd:DateTime
+            format = "%Y-%M-%DT%h:%m:%s" + "%z";
+        } 
+        else if (lexRepLength >= 3 && lexRep.charAt(2) == ':') {
+            // found ":", must be xsd:Time
+            format = "%h:%m:%s" +"%z";
+        } 
+        else if (lexRep.startsWith("--")) {
+            // check for GDay || GMonth || GMonthDay
+            if (lexRepLength >= 3 && lexRep.charAt(2) == '-') {
+                // GDAY
+                // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+                format = "---%D" + "%z";
+            } 
+            else if (lexRepLength == 4 || (lexRepLength >= 6 && (lexRep.charAt(4) == '+' || (lexRep.charAt(4) == '-' && (lexRep.charAt(5) == '-' || lexRepLength == 10))))) {
+                // GMonth
+                // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+                format = "--%M--%z";
+                Parser p = new Parser(format, lexRep);
+                try {
+                    p.parse();
+                    // check for validity
+                    if (!isValid()) {
+                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                                DatatypeMessageFormatter.formatMessage(null,"InvalidXGCRepresentation", new Object[]{lexicalRepresentation})
+                                //"\"" + lexicalRepresentation + "\" is not a valid representation of an XML Gregorian Calendar value."
+                        );
+                    }
+                    save();
+                    return;
+                }
+                catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    format = "--%M%z";
+                }
+            } 
+            else {
+                // GMonthDay or invalid lexicalRepresentation
+                format = "--%M-%D" + "%z";
+            }
+        } 
+        else {
+            // check for Date || GYear | GYearMonth
+            int countSeparator = 0;
+
+            // start at index 1 to skip potential negative sign for year.
+
+
+            int timezoneOffset = lexRep.indexOf(':');
+            if (timezoneOffset != NOT_FOUND) {
+
+                // found timezone, strip it off for distinguishing
+                // between Date, GYear and GYearMonth so possible
+                // negative sign in timezone is not mistaken as
+                // a separator.
+                lexRepLength -= 6;
+            }
+
+            for (int i=1; i < lexRepLength; i++) {
+                if (lexRep.charAt(i) == '-') {
+                    countSeparator++;
+                }
+            }
+            if (countSeparator == 0) {
+                // GYear
+                format = "%Y" + "%z";
+            } 
+            else if (countSeparator == 1) {
+                // GYearMonth
+                format = "%Y-%M" + "%z";
+            } 
+            else {
+                // Date or invalid lexicalRepresentation
+                // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+                format = "%Y-%M-%D" + "%z";
+            }
+        }
+        Parser p = new Parser(format, lexRep);
+        p.parse();
+
+        // check for validity
+        if (!isValid()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    DatatypeMessageFormatter.formatMessage(null,"InvalidXGCRepresentation", new Object[]{lexicalRepresentation})
+                    //"\"" + lexicalRepresentation + "\" is not a valid representation of an XML Gregorian Calendar value."
+            );
+        }
+        save();
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * 
+     */
+    private void save() {
+        orig_eon = eon;
+        orig_year = year;
+        orig_month = month;
+        orig_day = day;
+        orig_hour = hour;
+        orig_minute = minute;
+        orig_second = second;
+        orig_fracSeconds = fractionalSecond;
+        orig_timezone = timezone;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create an instance with all date/time datatype fields set to 
+     * {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} or null respectively.</p>
+     */
+    public XMLGregorianCalendarImpl() {
+    	
+        // field initializers already do the correct initialization.
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Private constructor allowing for complete value spaces allowed by 
+     * W3C XML Schema 1.0 recommendation for xsd:dateTime and related 
+     * builtin datatypes. Note that <code>year</code> parameter supports
+     * arbitrarily large numbers and fractionalSecond has infinite 
+     * precision.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param year of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param month of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param day of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param hour of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param minute of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param second of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param fractionalSecond of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param timezone of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * 
+     */
+    protected XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+        BigInteger year,
+        int month,
+        int day,
+        int hour,
+        int minute,
+        int second,
+        BigDecimal fractionalSecond,
+        int timezone) {
+        	
+		setYear(year);
+        setMonth(month);
+        setDay(day);
+        setTime(hour, minute, second, fractionalSecond);
+		setTimezone(timezone);
+		
+		// check for validity
+		if (!isValid()) {
+			
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                DatatypeMessageFormatter.formatMessage(null, 
+                    "InvalidXGCValue-fractional", 
+                    new Object[] { year, new Integer(month), new Integer(day), 
+                    new Integer(hour), new Integer(minute), new Integer(second),
+                    fractionalSecond, new Integer(timezone)})
+			);
+                    
+			/**
+                String yearString = "null";
+                if (year != null) {
+                    yearString = year.toString();
+                }
+                String fractionalSecondString = "null";
+                if (fractionalSecond != null) {
+                    fractionalSecondString = fractionalSecond.toString();
+                }
+             
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "year = " + yearString
+                    + ", month = " + month
+                    + ", day = " + day
+                    + ", hour = " + hour
+                    + ", minute = " + minute
+                    + ", second = " + second
+                    + ", fractionalSecond = " + fractionalSecondString
+                    + ", timezone = " + timezone
+                    + ", is not a valid representation of an XML Gregorian Calendar value."
+                );
+                */
+            
+		}
+        
+        save();
+		
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Private constructor of value spaces that a
+     * <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> instance would need to convert to an
+     * <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> instance.</p>
+     *    
+     * <p><code>XMLGregorianCalendar eon</code> and 
+     * <code>fractionalSecond</code> are set to <code>null</code></p>
+     *
+     * @param year of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param month of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param day of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param hour of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param minute of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param second of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param millisecond of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param timezone of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     */
+    private XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+        int year,
+        int month,
+        int day,
+        int hour,
+        int minute,
+        int second,
+        int millisecond,
+        int timezone) {
+
+        setYear(year);
+        setMonth(month);
+        setDay(day);
+        setTime(hour, minute, second);
+        setTimezone(timezone);
+        BigDecimal realMilliseconds = null;
+        if (millisecond != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            realMilliseconds = BigDecimal.valueOf(millisecond, 3);
+        }
+        setFractionalSecond(realMilliseconds);
+
+        if (!isValid()) {		
+
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    DatatypeMessageFormatter.formatMessage(null, 
+                            "InvalidXGCValue-milli", 
+                            new Object[] { new Integer(year), new Integer(month), new Integer(day), 
+                            new Integer(hour), new Integer(minute), new Integer(second), 
+                            new Integer(millisecond), new Integer(timezone)})                
+            );
+            /*
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "year = " + year
+                    + ", month = " + month
+                    + ", day = " + day
+                    + ", hour = " + hour
+                    + ", minute = " + minute
+                    + ", second = " + second
+                    + ", millisecond = " + millisecond
+                    + ", timezone = " + timezone
+                    + ", is not a valid representation of an XML Gregorian Calendar value."
+                    );
+             */
+
+        }
+        save();
+    }
+    
+	/**
+	 * <p>Convert a <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> to XML Schema 1.0 
+	 * representation.</p>
+	 *
+	 * <table border="2" rules="all" cellpadding="2">
+	 *   <thead>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *       <th align="center" colspan="2">
+	 *          Field by Field Conversion from
+	 *          <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> to this class 
+	 *       </th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *   </thead>
+	 *   <tbody>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *        <th><code>javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar</code> field</th>
+	 *        <th><code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> field</th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *       <th>{@link #setYear(int)}</th>
+	 *       <th><code>ERA == GregorianCalendar.BC ? -YEAR : YEAR</code></th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *       <th>{@link #setMonth(int)}</th>
+	 *       <th><code>MONTH + 1</code></th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *       <th>{@link #setDay(int)}</th>
+	 *       <th><code>DAY_OF_MONTH</code></th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *       <th>{@link #setTime(int,int,int, BigDecimal)}</th>
+	 *       <th><code>HOUR_OF_DAY, MINUTE, SECOND, MILLISECOND</code></th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *     <tr>
+	 *       <th>{@link #setTimezone(int)}<i>*</i></th>
+	 *       <th><code>(ZONE_OFFSET + DST_OFFSET) / (60*1000)</code><br/>
+	 *       <i>(in minutes)</i>
+	 *       </th>
+	 *     </tr>
+	 *   </tbody>
+	 * </table>
+	 * <p><i>*</i>conversion loss of information. It is not possible to represent 
+	 * a <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> daylight savings timezone id in the 
+	 * XML Schema 1.0 date/time datatype representation.</p>
+	 * 
+	 * <p>To compute the return value's <code>TimeZone</code> field,
+	 * <ul>
+	 * <li>when <code>this.getTimezone() != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED</code>,
+	 * create a <code>java.util.TimeZone</code> with a custom timezone id 
+	 * using the <code>this.getTimezone()</code>.</li>
+	 * <li>else use the <code>GregorianCalendar</code> default timezone value 
+	 * for the host is defined as specified by 
+	 * <code>java.util.TimeZone.getDefault()</code>.</li></p>     
+	 *
+	 * @param cal <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> used to create <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>
+	 */
+    public XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(GregorianCalendar cal) {
+
+        int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
+        if (cal.get(Calendar.ERA) == GregorianCalendar.BC) {
+            year = -year;
+        }
+        this.setYear(year);
+
+        // Calendar.MONTH is zero based, XSD Date datatype's month field starts
+        // with JANUARY as 1.
+        this.setMonth(cal.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1);
+        this.setDay(cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        this.setTime(
+                cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY),
+                cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE), 
+                cal.get(Calendar.SECOND),
+                cal.get(Calendar.MILLISECOND));
+
+        // Calendar ZONE_OFFSET and DST_OFFSET fields are in milliseconds.
+        int offsetInMinutes = (cal.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET) + cal.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET)) / (60 * 1000);
+        this.setTimezone(offsetInMinutes);
+        save();
+    }
+
+    // Factories
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create a Java representation of XML Schema builtin datatype <code>dateTime</code>.
+     * All possible fields are specified for this factory method.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param year represents both high-order eons and low-order year.
+     * @param month of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param day of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param hours of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param minutes of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param seconds of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param fractionalSecond value of null indicates optional field is absent.
+     * @param timezone offset in minutes. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     * 
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value 
+     * constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+	public static XMLGregorianCalendar createDateTime(
+	        BigInteger year,
+	        int month,
+	        int day,
+	        int hours,
+	        int minutes,
+	        int seconds,
+	        BigDecimal fractionalSecond,
+	        int timezone) {
+
+	    return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+	            year,
+	            month, 
+	            day, 
+	            hours,
+	            minutes,
+	            seconds, 
+	            fractionalSecond,
+	            timezone);
+	}
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create a Java instance of XML Schema builtin datatype dateTime.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param year represents both high-order eons and low-order year.
+     * @param month of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param day of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param hour of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param minute of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param second of <code>dateTime</code>
+     *
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     *   <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar createDateTime(
+            int year,
+            int month,
+            int day,
+            int hour,
+            int minute,
+            int second) {
+
+        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+                year,
+                month,
+                day,
+                hour,
+                minute,
+                second,
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED,  //millisecond
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED //timezone
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create a Java representation of XML Schema builtin datatype <code>dateTime</code>.
+     * All possible fields are specified for this factory method.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param year represents low-order year.
+     * @param month of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param day of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param hours of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param minutes of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param seconds of <code>dateTime</code>
+     * @param milliseconds of <code>dateTime</code>. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     * @param timezone offset in minutes. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     *
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     *   <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar createDateTime(
+            int year,
+            int month,
+            int day,
+            int hours,
+            int minutes,
+            int seconds,
+            int milliseconds,
+            int timezone) {
+
+        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+                year,
+                month,
+                day,
+                hours,
+                minutes,
+                seconds,
+                milliseconds,
+                timezone);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create a Java representation of XML Schema builtin datatype <code>date</code> or <code>g*</code>.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>For example, an instance of <code>gYear</code> can be created invoking this factory 
+     * with <code>month</code> and <code>day</code> parameters set to 
+     * {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param year of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param month of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param day of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
+     * @param timezone offset in minutes. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     * 
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value 
+     * constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar createDate(
+            int year,
+            int month,
+            int day,
+            int timezone) {
+
+        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+                year,
+                month,
+                day,
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // hour
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // minute
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // second
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // millisecond
+                timezone);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a Java instance of XML Schema builtin datatype <code>time</code>.
+     * @param hours number of hours
+     * @param minutes number of minutes
+     * @param seconds number of seconds
+     * @param timezone offset in minutes. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     * 
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value 
+     * constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar createTime(
+            int hours,
+            int minutes,
+            int seconds,
+            int timezone) {
+
+        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // Year
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // Month
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // Day
+                hours,
+                minutes,
+                seconds, 
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, //Millisecond
+                timezone);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create a Java instance of XML Schema builtin datatype time.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param hours number of hours
+     * @param minutes number of minutes
+     * @param seconds number of seconds
+     * @param fractionalSecond value of <code>null</code> indicates that this optional field is not set.
+     * @param timezone offset in minutes. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     * 
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value 
+     * constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar createTime(
+            int hours,
+            int minutes,
+            int seconds,
+            BigDecimal fractionalSecond,
+            int timezone) {
+
+        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+                null,            // Year
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // month
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // day
+                hours,
+                minutes,
+                seconds,
+                fractionalSecond,
+                timezone);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Create a Java instance of XML Schema builtin datatype time.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param hours number of hours
+     * @param minutes number of minutes
+     * @param seconds number of seconds
+     * @param milliseconds number of milliseconds
+     * @param timezone offset in minutes. {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates optional field is not set.
+     * 
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parameter values.
+     * 
+     * @see DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is outside value 
+     * constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar createTime(
+            int hours,
+            int minutes,
+            int seconds,
+            int milliseconds,
+            int timezone) {
+
+        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // year
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // month
+                DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED, // day
+                hours,
+                minutes,
+                seconds,
+                milliseconds,
+                timezone);
+    }
+
+    // Accessors
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return high order component for XML Schema 1.0 dateTime datatype field for 
+     * <code>year</code>.
+     * <code>null</code> if this optional part of the year field is not defined.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-year">year field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * @return eon of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>. The value 
+     * returned is an integer multiple of 10^9.
+     * 
+     * @see #getYear()
+     * @see #getEonAndYear()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public BigInteger getEon() {
+	   return eon;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return low order component for XML Schema 1.0 dateTime datatype field for 
+     * <code>year</code> or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-year">year field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return year  of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
+     * 
+     * @see #getEon()
+     * @see #getEonAndYear()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getYear() {
+	   return year;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return XML Schema 1.0 dateTime datatype field for 
+     * <code>year</code>.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-year">year field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return sum of <code>eon</code> and <code>BigInteger.valueOf(year)</code>
+     * when both fields are defined. When only <code>year</code> is defined, 
+     * return it. When both <code>eon</code> and <code>year</code> are not 
+     * defined, return <code>null</code>.
+     * 
+     * @see #getEon()
+     * @see #getYear()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public BigInteger getEonAndYear() {
+
+        // both are defined
+        if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+            && eon != null) {
+
+            return eon.add(BigInteger.valueOf(year));
+        }
+
+        // only year is defined
+        if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+            && eon == null) {
+
+            return BigInteger.valueOf(year);
+        }
+
+        // neither are defined
+        // or only eon is defined which is not valid without a year 
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return number of month or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-month">month field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return year  of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
+     * 
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getMonth() {
+        return month;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * Return day in month or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-day">day field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @see #setDay(int)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getDay() {
+        return day;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * Return timezone offset in minutes or 
+     * {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} if this optional field is not defined.
+     *
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-timezone">timezone field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @see #setTimezone(int)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getTimezone() {
+        return timezone;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * Return hours or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.
+     * Returns {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} if this field is not defined.
+     *
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-hour">hour field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * @see #setTime(int, int, int)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getHour() {
+        return hour;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return minutes or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.<\p>
+     * Returns {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} if this field is not defined.
+     *
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-minute">minute field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * @see #setTime(int, int, int)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getMinute() {
+        return minute;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return seconds or {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.<\p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Returns {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} if this field is not defined.
+     * When this field is not defined, the optional xs:dateTime 
+     * fractional seconds field, represented by 
+     * {@link #getFractionalSecond()} and {@link #getMillisecond()},
+     * must not be defined.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-second">second field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return Second  of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
+     * 
+     * @see #getFractionalSecond()
+     * @see #getMillisecond()
+     * @see #setTime(int, int, int)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getSecond() {
+	   return second;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return result of adding second and fractional second field
+     */
+    private BigDecimal getSeconds() {
+
+        if (second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            return DECIMAL_ZERO;
+        } 
+        BigDecimal result = BigDecimal.valueOf(second);
+        if (fractionalSecond != null){
+            return result.add(fractionalSecond);
+        } 
+        else {
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return millisecond precision of {@link #getFractionalSecond()}.<\p>
+     * 
+     * <p>This method represents a convenience accessor to infinite
+     * precision fractional second value returned by 
+     * {@link #getFractionalSecond()}. The returned value is the rounded 
+     * down to milliseconds value of 
+     * {@link #getFractionalSecond()}. When {@link #getFractionalSecond()} 
+     * returns <code>null</code>, this method must return 
+     * {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Value constraints for this value are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-second">second field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return Millisecond  of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
+     * 
+     * @see #getFractionalSecond()
+     * @see #setTime(int, int, int)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getMillisecond() {
+        if (fractionalSecond == null) {
+            return DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+        } 
+        else {
+            // TODO: Non-optimal solution for now.
+            // Efficient implementation would only store as BigDecimal
+            // when needed and millisecond otherwise.
+            return fractionalSecond.movePointRight(3).intValue();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * <p>Return fractional seconds.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p><code>null</code> is returned when this optional field is not defined.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Value constraints are detailed in
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-second">second field of date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>This optional field can only have a defined value when the
+     * xs:dateTime second field, represented by ({@link #getSecond()}, 
+     * does not return {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}).</p>
+     *
+     * @return fractional seconds  of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
+     * 
+     * @see #getSecond()
+     * @see #setTime(int, int, int, BigDecimal)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public BigDecimal getFractionalSecond() {
+	   return fractionalSecond;
+    }
+
+    // setters
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set low and high order component of XSD <code>dateTime</code> year field.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Unset this field by invoking the setter with a parameter value of <code>null</code>.</p>
+     *
+     * @param year value constraints summarized in <a href="#datetimefield-year">year field of date/time field mapping table</a>.     
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>year</code> parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setYear(BigInteger year) {
+        if (year == null) {
+            this.eon = null;
+            this.year = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+        } 
+        else {
+            BigInteger temp = year.remainder(BILLION_B);
+            this.year = temp.intValue();
+            setEon(year.subtract(temp));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set year of XSD <code>dateTime</code> year field.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Unset this field by invoking the setter with a parameter value of 
+     * {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Note: if the absolute value of the <code>year</code> parameter 
+     * is less than 10^9, the eon component of the XSD year field is set to 
+     * <code>null</code> by this method.</p>
+     *
+     * @param year value constraints are summarized in <a href="#datetimefield-year">year field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     *   If year is {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}, then eon is set to <code>null</code>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setYear(int year) { 
+        if (year == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            this.year = DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED;
+            this.eon = null;
+        } 
+        else if (Math.abs(year) < BILLION_I) {
+            this.year = year;
+            this.eon = null;
+        } 
+        else {
+            BigInteger theYear = BigInteger.valueOf(year);
+            BigInteger remainder = theYear.remainder(BILLION_B);
+            this.year = remainder.intValue();
+            setEon(theYear.subtract(remainder));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set high order part of XSD <code>dateTime</code> year field.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Unset this field by invoking the setter with a parameter value of 
+     * <code>null</code>.</p>
+     *
+     * @param eon value constraints summarized in <a href="#datetimefield-year">year field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    private void setEon(BigInteger eon) {
+        if (eon != null && eon.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) == 0) {
+            // Treat ZERO as field being undefined.
+            this.eon = null;
+        } 
+        else {
+            this.eon = eon;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set month.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Unset this field by invoking the setter with a parameter value of {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     *
+     * @param month value constraints summarized in <a href="#datetimefield-month">month field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>month</code> parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setMonth(int month) { 
+        checkFieldValueConstraint(MONTH, month);
+        this.month = month;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set days in month.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Unset this field by invoking the setter with a parameter value of {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     *
+     * @param day value constraints summarized in <a href="#datetimefield-day">day field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>day</code> parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setDay(int day) {  
+        checkFieldValueConstraint(DAY, day);
+        this.day = day;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set the number of minutes in the timezone offset.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Unset this field by invoking the setter with a parameter value of {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED}.</p>
+     *
+     * @param offset value constraints summarized in <a href="#datetimefield-timezone">
+     *   timezone field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>offset</code> parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setTimezone(int offset) {
+        checkFieldValueConstraint(TIMEZONE, offset);
+        this.timezone = offset;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set time as one unit.</p>
+     *
+     * @param hour value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-hour">hour field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param minute value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-minute">minute field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param second value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-second">second field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     *
+     * @see #setTime(int, int, int, BigDecimal)
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setTime(int hour, int minute, int second) {
+        setTime(hour, minute, second, null);
+    }
+
+    private void checkFieldValueConstraint(int field, int value)
+        throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        if ((value < MIN_FIELD_VALUE[field] && value != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) ||
+                value > MAX_FIELD_VALUE[field]) {
+            /**
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid value " + value +
+					       " for " + FIELD_NAME[field] +
+					       " field");
+             */
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    DatatypeMessageFormatter.formatMessage(null, "InvalidFieldValue", new Object[]{ new Integer(value), FIELD_NAME[field]})
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setHour(int hour) {
+        checkFieldValueConstraint(HOUR, hour);
+        this.hour = hour;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setMinute(int minute) {
+        checkFieldValueConstraint(MINUTE, minute);
+        this.minute = minute;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setSecond(int second) {
+        checkFieldValueConstraint(SECOND, second);
+        this.second  = second;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set time as one unit, including the optional infinite precison 
+     * fractional seconds.</p>
+     *
+     * @param hour value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-hour">hour field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param minute value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-minute">minute field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param second value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-second">second field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param fractional value of <code>null</code> indicates this optional 
+     *                   field is not set.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setTime(
+            int hour,
+            int minute,
+            int second,
+            BigDecimal fractional) {
+        setHour(hour);
+        setMinute(minute);
+        setSecond(second);
+        setFractionalSecond(fractional);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Set time as one unit, including optional milliseconds.</p>
+     *
+     * @param hour value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-hour">hour field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param minute value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-minute">minute field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param second value constraints are summarized in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefield-second">second field of date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     * @param millisecond value of {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} indicates this 
+     *                    optional field is not set. 
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any parameter is 
+     * outside value constraints for the field as specified in 
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setTime(int hour, int minute, int second, int millisecond) {
+        setHour(hour);
+        setMinute(minute);
+        setSecond(second);
+        setMillisecond(millisecond);
+    }
+
+    // comparisons
+    /**
+     * <p>Compare two instances of W3C XML Schema 1.0 date/time datatypes 
+     * according to partial order relation defined in 
+     * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime-order">W3C XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Section 3.2.7.3,
+     * <i>Order relation on dateTime</i></a>.</p>
+     *
+     * <p><code>xsd:dateTime</code> datatype field mapping to accessors of
+     * this class are defined in
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param rhs instance of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to compare
+     * 
+     * @return the relationship between <code>lhs</code> and <code>rhs</code> as 
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#LESSER},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#EQUAL},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GREATER} or
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#INDETERMINATE}.
+     *
+     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>lhs</code> or <code>rhs</code> 
+     * parameters are null. 
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int compare(XMLGregorianCalendar rhs) {
+
+        //MLGregorianCalendar lhs = this;
+
+        int result = DatatypeConstants.INDETERMINATE;
+        XMLGregorianCalendar P = this;
+        XMLGregorianCalendar Q = rhs;
+
+        if (P.getTimezone() == Q.getTimezone()) {
+            // Optimization: 
+            // both instances are in same timezone or
+            // both are FIELD_UNDEFINED. 
+            // Avoid costly normalization of timezone to 'Z' time.
+            return internalCompare(P, Q);
+
+        } 
+        else if (P.getTimezone() != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED &&
+                Q.getTimezone() != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+
+            // Both instances have different timezones.
+            // Normalize to UTC time and compare.
+            P = P.normalize();
+            Q = Q.normalize();
+            return internalCompare(P, Q);
+        } 
+        else if (P.getTimezone() != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+
+            if (P.getTimezone() != 0) {
+                P = P.normalize();
+            }
+
+            // C. step 1
+            XMLGregorianCalendar MinQ = normalizeToTimezone(Q, DatatypeConstants.MIN_TIMEZONE_OFFSET);
+            result = internalCompare(P, MinQ);
+            if (result == DatatypeConstants.LESSER) {
+                return result;
+            } 
+
+            // C. step 2
+            XMLGregorianCalendar MaxQ = normalizeToTimezone(Q, DatatypeConstants.MAX_TIMEZONE_OFFSET);
+            result = internalCompare(P, MaxQ);
+            if (result == DatatypeConstants.GREATER) {
+                return result;
+            } 
+            else {
+                // C. step 3
+                return DatatypeConstants.INDETERMINATE;
+            }
+        } 
+        else { // Q.getTimezone() != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+            // P has no timezone and Q does.
+            if (Q.getTimezone() != 0 ) { 
+                Q = normalizeToTimezone(Q, Q.getTimezone());
+            }
+
+            // D. step 1
+            XMLGregorianCalendar MaxP = normalizeToTimezone(P, DatatypeConstants.MAX_TIMEZONE_OFFSET);
+            result = internalCompare(MaxP, Q);
+            if (result == DatatypeConstants.LESSER) {
+                return result;
+            } 
+
+            // D. step 2
+            XMLGregorianCalendar MinP = normalizeToTimezone(P, DatatypeConstants.MIN_TIMEZONE_OFFSET);
+            result = internalCompare(MinP, Q);
+            if (result == DatatypeConstants.GREATER) {
+                return result;
+            } 
+            else {
+                // D. step 3
+                return DatatypeConstants.INDETERMINATE;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Normalize this instance to UTC.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>2000-03-04T23:00:00+03:00 normalizes to 2000-03-04T20:00:00Z</p>
+     * <p>Implements W3C XML Schema Part 2, Section 3.2.7.3 (A).</p>
+     */
+    @Override
+    public XMLGregorianCalendar normalize() {
+
+        XMLGregorianCalendar normalized = normalizeToTimezone(this, timezone);
+        
+        // if timezone was undefined, leave it undefined
+        if (getTimezone() == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            normalized.setTimezone(DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED);
+        }
+        
+        // if milliseconds was undefined, leave it undefined
+        if (getMillisecond() == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            normalized.setMillisecond(DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED);
+        }
+        
+        return normalized;
+    }
+    
+	/**
+	 * <p>Normalize this instance to UTC.</p>
+	 *
+	 * <p>2000-03-04T23:00:00+03:00 normalizes to 2000-03-04T20:00:00Z</p>
+	 * <p>Implements W3C XML Schema Part 2, Section 3.2.7.3 (A).</p>
+	 */
+    private XMLGregorianCalendar normalizeToTimezone(XMLGregorianCalendar cal, int timezone) {
+
+        int minutes = timezone;    	
+        XMLGregorianCalendar result = (XMLGregorianCalendar) cal.clone();
+
+        // normalizing to UTC time negates the timezone offset before 
+        // addition.
+        minutes = -minutes;
+        Duration d = new DurationImpl(minutes >= 0, // isPositive
+                0, //years
+                0, //months
+                0, //days
+                0, //hours
+                minutes < 0 ? -minutes : minutes, // absolute
+                        0  //seconds
+        );
+        result.add(d);
+
+        // set to zulu UTC time.
+        result.setTimezone(0);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * 
+     *  <p>Implements Step B from http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime-order </p>
+     * @param P calendar instance with normalized timezone offset or 
+     *          having same timezone as Q
+     * @param Q calendar instance with normalized timezone offset or 
+     *          having same timezone as P
+     * 
+     * @return result of comparing P and Q, value of
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#EQUAL},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#LESSER},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GREATER} or 
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#INDETERMINATE}.
+     */
+	private static int internalCompare(XMLGregorianCalendar P,
+	        XMLGregorianCalendar Q) {
+
+	    int result;
+
+	    // compare Year.
+	    if (P.getEon() == Q.getEon()) {
+	        // Eon field is only equal when null.
+	        // optimized case for comparing year not requiring eon field.
+	        result = compareField(P.getYear(), Q.getYear());
+	        if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	            return result;
+	        }
+	    } 
+        else {
+	        result = compareField(P.getEonAndYear(), Q.getEonAndYear());
+	        if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	            return result;
+	        }
+	    }
+
+	    result = compareField(P.getMonth(), Q.getMonth());
+	    if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	        return result;
+	    }
+
+	    result = compareField(P.getDay(), Q.getDay());
+	    if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	        return result;
+	    }
+
+	    result = compareField(P.getHour(), Q.getHour());
+	    if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	        return result;
+	    }
+
+	    result = compareField(P.getMinute(), Q.getMinute());
+	    if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	        return result;
+	    }
+	    result = compareField(P.getSecond(), Q.getSecond());
+	    if (result != DatatypeConstants.EQUAL) {
+	        return result;
+	    }
+
+	    result = compareField(P.getFractionalSecond(), Q.getFractionalSecond());
+	    return result;
+	}
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Implement Step B from 
+     * http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime-order.</p>
+     */
+    private static int compareField(int Pfield, int Qfield) {
+        if (Pfield == Qfield) {
+            //fields are either equal in value or both undefined.
+            // Step B. 1.1 AND optimized result of performing 1.1-1.4.
+            return DatatypeConstants.EQUAL;
+        } 
+        else {
+            if (Pfield == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED || Qfield == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+                // Step B. 1.2
+                return DatatypeConstants.INDETERMINATE;
+            } 
+            else {
+                // Step B. 1.3-4.
+                return (Pfield < Qfield ? DatatypeConstants.LESSER : DatatypeConstants.GREATER);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int compareField(BigInteger Pfield, BigInteger Qfield) {
+        if (Pfield == null) {
+            return (Qfield == null ? DatatypeConstants.EQUAL : DatatypeConstants.INDETERMINATE);
+        }
+        if (Qfield == null) {
+            return DatatypeConstants.INDETERMINATE;
+        }
+        return Pfield.compareTo(Qfield);
+    }
+
+    private static int compareField(BigDecimal Pfield, BigDecimal Qfield) {
+        // optimization. especially when both arguments are null.
+        if (Pfield == Qfield) {
+            return DatatypeConstants.EQUAL;
+        }
+
+        if (Pfield == null) {
+            Pfield = DECIMAL_ZERO;
+        }
+
+        if (Qfield == null) {
+            Qfield = DECIMAL_ZERO;
+        }
+
+        return Pfield.compareTo(Qfield);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Indicates whether parameter <code>obj</code> is "equal to" this one.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param obj to compare.
+     *
+     * @return <code>true</code> when <code>compare(this,(XMLGregorianCalendar)obj) == EQUAL.</code>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (obj == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (obj instanceof XMLGregorianCalendar) {
+            return compare((XMLGregorianCalendar) obj) == DatatypeConstants.EQUAL;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Returns a hash code consistent with the definition of the equals method.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return hash code of this object.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+
+        // Following two dates compare to EQUALS since in different timezones.
+        // 2000-01-15T12:00:00-05:00 == 2000-01-15T13:00:00-04:00 	
+        //
+        // Must ensure both instances generate same hashcode by normalizing 
+        // this to UTC timezone.
+        int timezone = getTimezone();
+        if (timezone == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            timezone = 0;
+        }
+        XMLGregorianCalendar gc = this;
+        if (timezone != 0) {
+            gc = normalizeToTimezone(this, getTimezone());
+        }
+        return gc.getYear() + gc.getMonth() + gc.getDay() + 
+        gc.getHour() + gc.getMinute() + gc.getSecond();
+    }
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Constructs a new XMLGregorianCalendar object by
+     * parsing its lexical string representation as defined in 
+     * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime-order">XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Section 3.2.[7-14].1,
+     * <i>Lexical Representation</i>.</a></p>
+     * 
+     * <p>The string representation may not have any leading and trailing whitespaces.</p>
+     * 
+     * <p>The parsing is done field by field so that   
+     * the following holds for any lexically correct string x:</p>
+     * <pre>
+     * new XMLGregorianCalendar(x).toXMLFormat().equals(x)
+     * </pre>
+     * Except for the noted lexical/canonical representation mismatches
+     * listed in <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema-errata#e2-45">
+     * XML Schema 1.0 errata, Section 3.2.7.2</a>.
+     * 
+     * <p>Returns a non-null valid XMLGregorianCalendar object that holds the value
+     * indicated by the lexicalRepresentation parameter.</p>
+     *
+     * @param lexicalRepresentation Lexical representation of one the 8 XML Schema calendar datatypes.
+     * 
+     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from parsing <code>lexicalRepresentation</code> parameter.
+     * 
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *      If the given string does not conform to the aforementioned
+     *      specification.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *      If the given string is null.
+     */
+    public static XMLGregorianCalendar parse(String lexicalRepresentation) {
+    	
+		return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(lexicalRepresentation);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Return the lexical representation of <code>this</code> instance. 
+     * The format is specified in 
+     * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime-order">XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Section 3.2.[7-14].1,
+     * <i>Lexical Representation</i>".</a></p>
+     * 
+     * <p>Specific target lexical representation format is determined by 
+     * {@link #getXMLSchemaType()}.</p>
+     * 
+     * @return XML, as <code>String</code>, representation of this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> 
+     * 
+     * @throws java.lang.IllegalStateException if the combination of set fields
+     *    does not match one of the eight defined XML Schema builtin date/time datatypes. 
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toXMLFormat() {
+
+        QName typekind = getXMLSchemaType();
+
+        String formatString = null;
+        if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.DATETIME) {
+            formatString = "%Y-%M-%DT%h:%m:%s"+ "%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.DATE) {
+            // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+            formatString = "%Y-%M-%D" +"%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.TIME) {
+            formatString = "%h:%m:%s"+ "%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.GMONTH) {
+            formatString = "--%M--%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.GDAY) {
+            // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+            formatString = "---%D" + "%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.GYEAR) {
+            formatString = "%Y" + "%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.GYEARMONTH) {
+            // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+            formatString = "%Y-%M" + "%z";
+        } 
+        else if (typekind == DatatypeConstants.GMONTHDAY) {
+            // Fix 4971612: invalid SCCS macro substitution in data string
+            formatString = "--%M-%D" +"%z";
+        }
+        return format(formatString);
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * <p>Return the name of the XML Schema date/time type that this instance 
+     * maps to. Type is computed based on fields that are set.</p>
+     *
+     * <table border="2" rules="all" cellpadding="2">
+     *   <thead>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <th align="center" colspan="7">
+     *         Required fields for XML Schema 1.0 Date/Time Datatypes.<br/>
+     *         <i>(timezone is optional for all date/time datatypes)</i>
+     *       </th>
+     *     </tr>
+     *   </thead>
+     *   <tbody>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>Datatype</td>
+     *       <td>year</td>
+     *       <td>month</td>
+     *       <td>day</td>
+     *       <td>hour</td>
+     *       <td>minute</td>
+     *       <td>second</td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#DATETIME}</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#DATE}</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#TIME}</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#GYEARMONTH}</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#GMONTHDAY}</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#GYEAR}</td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#GMONTH}</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *     <tr>
+     *       <td>{@link DatatypeConstants#GDAY}</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td>X</td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *       <td></td>
+     *     </tr>
+     *   </tbody>
+     * </table>
+     * 
+     * @throws java.lang.IllegalStateException if the combination of set fields
+     *    does not match one of the eight defined XML Schema builtin 
+     *    date/time datatypes.
+     * @return One of the following class constants:
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#DATETIME},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#TIME},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#DATE},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GYEARMONTH},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GMONTHDAY},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GYEAR},
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GMONTH} or
+     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#GDAY}.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public QName getXMLSchemaType() {
+    	
+    	// DATETIME
+    	if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.DATETIME;
+    	}
+
+    	// DATE
+    	if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.DATE;
+    	}
+
+    	// TIME
+    	if (year == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.TIME;
+    	}
+
+
+    	// GYEARMONTH
+    	if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.GYEARMONTH;
+    	}
+
+    	// GMONTHDAY
+    	if (year == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.GMONTHDAY;
+    	}
+
+    	// GYEAR
+    	if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.GYEAR;
+    	}
+
+    	// GMONTH
+    	if (year == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.GMONTH;
+    	}
+
+    	// GDAY
+    	if (year == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+    		&& month == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& day != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& hour == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& minute == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED
+			&& second == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+    		return DatatypeConstants.GDAY;
+    	}
+
+    	// unknown
+		throw new IllegalStateException(
+			this.getClass().getName()
+			+ "#getXMLSchemaType() :"
+            + DatatypeMessageFormatter.formatMessage(null, "InvalidXGCFields", null)
+		);
+    }
+
+    
+    /**
+     * Validate instance by <code>getXMLSchemaType()</code> constraints.
+     * @return true if data values are valid.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean isValid() {
+        // since setters do not allow for invalid values, 
+        // (except for exceptional case of year field of zero),
+        // no need to check for anything except for constraints
+        // between fields. 
+
+        // check if days in month is valid. Can be dependent on leap year.
+        if (month != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED && day != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            if (year != DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+                if (eon == null) {
+                    if (day > maximumDayInMonthFor(year, month)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (day > maximumDayInMonthFor(getEonAndYear(), month)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            // Use 2000 as a default since it's a leap year.
+            else if (day > maximumDayInMonthFor(2000, month)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema-errata#e2-45
+        if (hour == 24 && (minute != 0 || second != 0 || 
+                (fractionalSecond != null && fractionalSecond.compareTo(DECIMAL_ZERO) != 0))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // XML Schema 1.0 specification defines year value of zero as
+        // invalid. Allow this class to set year field to zero
+        // since XML Schema 1.0 errata states that lexical zero will 
+        // be allowed in next version and treated as 1 B.C.E.
+        if (eon == null && year == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Add <code>duration</code> to this instance.<\p>
+     * 
+     * <p>The computation is specified in
+     * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#adding-durations-to-dateTimes">XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Appendix E,
+     * <i>Adding durations to dateTimes</i>></a>.
+     * <a href="#datetimefieldsmapping">date/time field mapping table</a>
+     * defines the mapping from XML Schema 1.0 <code>dateTime</code> fields 
+     * to this class' representation of those fields.</p>
+     * 
+     * @param duration Duration to add to this <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
+     * 
+     * @throws NullPointerException  when <code>duration</code> parameter is <code>null</code>.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void add(Duration duration) {
+
+        /*
+         * Extracted from 
+         * http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#adding-durations-to-dateTimes 
+         * to ensure implemented properly. See spec for definitions of methods
+         * used in algorithm.
+         * 
+         * Given a dateTime S and a duration D, specifies how to compute a 
+         * dateTime E where E is the end of the time period with start S and 
+         * duration D i.e. E = S + D.
+         * 
+         * The following is the precise specification. 
+         * These steps must be followed in the same order. 
+         * If a field in D is not specified, it is treated as if it were zero.
+         * If a field in S is not specified, it is treated in the calculation 
+         * as if it were the minimum allowed value in that field, however, 
+         * after the calculation is concluded, the corresponding field in 
+         * E is removed (set to unspecified).
+         * 
+         * Months (may be modified additionally below)
+         *  temp := S[month] + D[month]
+         *  E[month] := modulo(temp, 1, 13)
+         *  carry := fQuotient(temp, 1, 13)
+         */
+
+        boolean fieldUndefined[] = {
+                false,
+                false,
+                false, 
+                false,
+                false,
+                false
+        };
+
+        int signum = duration.getSign();
+
+        int startMonth = getMonth();
+        if (startMonth == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            startMonth = MIN_FIELD_VALUE[MONTH];
+            fieldUndefined[MONTH] = true;
+        }
+
+        BigInteger dMonths = sanitize(duration.getField(DatatypeConstants.MONTHS), signum);
+        BigInteger temp = BigInteger.valueOf(startMonth).add(dMonths);
+        setMonth(temp.subtract(BigInteger.ONE).mod(TWELVE).intValue() + 1);
+        BigInteger carry =
+            new BigDecimal(temp.subtract(BigInteger.ONE)).divide(new BigDecimal(TWELVE), BigDecimal.ROUND_FLOOR).toBigInteger();
+
+        /* Years (may be modified additionally below)
+         *  E[year] := S[year] + D[year] + carry
+         */
+        BigInteger startYear = getEonAndYear();
+        if (startYear == null) {
+            fieldUndefined[YEAR] = true;
+            startYear = BigInteger.ZERO;
+        }
+        BigInteger dYears = sanitize(duration.getField(DatatypeConstants.YEARS), signum);
+        BigInteger endYear = startYear.add(dYears).add(carry);
+        setYear(endYear);
+
+        /* Zone
+         *  E[zone] := S[zone]
+         * 
+         * no-op since adding to this, not to a new end point.
+         */
+
+        /* Seconds
+         *  temp := S[second] + D[second]
+         *  E[second] := modulo(temp, 60)
+         *  carry := fQuotient(temp, 60)
+         */
+        BigDecimal startSeconds;
+        if (getSecond() == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            fieldUndefined[SECOND] = true;
+            startSeconds = DECIMAL_ZERO;
+        } 
+        else {
+            // seconds + fractionalSeconds
+            startSeconds = getSeconds();
+        }
+
+        // Duration seconds is SECONDS + FRACTIONALSECONDS.
+        BigDecimal dSeconds = DurationImpl.sanitize((BigDecimal) duration.getField(DatatypeConstants.SECONDS), signum);
+        BigDecimal tempBD = startSeconds.add(dSeconds);
+        BigDecimal fQuotient = 
+            new BigDecimal(new BigDecimal(tempBD.toBigInteger()).divide(DECIMAL_SIXTY, BigDecimal.ROUND_FLOOR).toBigInteger());
+        BigDecimal endSeconds = tempBD.subtract(fQuotient.multiply(DECIMAL_SIXTY));
+
+        carry = fQuotient.toBigInteger();
+        setSecond(endSeconds.intValue());
+        BigDecimal tempFracSeconds = endSeconds.subtract(new BigDecimal(BigInteger.valueOf(getSecond())));
+        if (tempFracSeconds.compareTo(DECIMAL_ZERO) < 0) {
+            setFractionalSecond(DECIMAL_ONE.add(tempFracSeconds));
+            if (getSecond() == 0) {
+                setSecond(59);
+                carry = carry.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
+            } 
+            else {
+                setSecond(getSecond() - 1);
+            }
+        } 
+        else {
+            setFractionalSecond(tempFracSeconds);
+        }
+
+        /* Minutes
+         *  temp := S[minute] + D[minute] + carry
+         *  E[minute] := modulo(temp, 60)
+         *  carry := fQuotient(temp, 60)
+         */
+        int startMinutes = getMinute();
+        if (startMinutes == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            fieldUndefined[MINUTE] = true;
+            startMinutes = MIN_FIELD_VALUE[MINUTE];
+        }
+        BigInteger dMinutes = sanitize(duration.getField(DatatypeConstants.MINUTES), signum);
+
+        temp = BigInteger.valueOf(startMinutes).add(dMinutes).add(carry);
+        setMinute(temp.mod(SIXTY).intValue());
+        carry = new BigDecimal(temp).divide(DECIMAL_SIXTY, BigDecimal.ROUND_FLOOR).toBigInteger();
+
+        /* Hours
+         *  temp := S[hour] + D[hour] + carry
+         *  E[hour] := modulo(temp, 24)
+         *  carry := fQuotient(temp, 24)
+         */
+        int startHours = getHour();
+        if (startHours == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            fieldUndefined[HOUR] = true;
+            startHours = MIN_FIELD_VALUE[HOUR];
+        }
+        BigInteger dHours = sanitize(duration.getField(DatatypeConstants.HOURS), signum);
+
+        temp = BigInteger.valueOf(startHours).add(dHours).add(carry);
+        setHour(temp.mod(TWENTY_FOUR).intValue());
+        carry = new BigDecimal(temp).divide(new BigDecimal(TWENTY_FOUR), BigDecimal.ROUND_FLOOR).toBigInteger();
+
+        /* Days
+         *  if S[day] > maximumDayInMonthFor(E[year], E[month])
+         *       + tempDays := maximumDayInMonthFor(E[year], E[month])
+         *  else if S[day] < 1
+         *       + tempDays := 1
+         *  else
+         *       + tempDays := S[day]
+         *  E[day] := tempDays + D[day] + carry
+         *  START LOOP
+         *       + IF E[day] < 1
+         *             # E[day] := E[day] + 
+         *                 maximumDayInMonthFor(E[year], E[month] - 1)
+         *             # carry := -1
+         *       + ELSE IF E[day] > maximumDayInMonthFor(E[year], E[month])
+         *             # E[day] := 
+         *                    E[day] - maximumDayInMonthFor(E[year], E[month])
+         *             # carry := 1
+         *       + ELSE EXIT LOOP
+         *       + temp := E[month] + carry
+         *       + E[month] := modulo(temp, 1, 13)
+         *       + E[year] := E[year] + fQuotient(temp, 1, 13)
+         *       + GOTO START LOOP
+         */
+        BigInteger tempDays;
+        int startDay = getDay();
+        if (startDay == DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED) {
+            fieldUndefined[DAY] = true;
+            startDay = MIN_FIELD_VALUE[DAY];
+        }
+        BigInteger dDays = sanitize(duration.getField(DatatypeConstants.DAYS), signum);
+        int maxDayInMonth = maximumDayInMonthFor(getEonAndYear(), getMonth());
+        if (startDay > maxDayInMonth) {
+            tempDays =  BigInteger.valueOf(maxDayInMonth);
+        } 
+        else if (startDay < 1) {
+            tempDays = BigInteger.ONE;
+        } 
+        else {
+            tempDays = BigInteger.valueOf(startDay);
+        }
+        BigInteger endDays = tempDays.add(dDays).add(carry);
+        int monthCarry;
+        int intTemp;
+        while (true) {
+            if (endDays.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) < 0) {
+                // calculate days in previous month, watch for month roll over
+                BigInteger mdimf = null;
+                if (month >= 2) {
+                    mdimf = BigInteger.valueOf(maximumDayInMonthFor(getEonAndYear(), getMonth() - 1));
+                } 
+                else {
+                    // roll over to December of previous year
+                    mdimf = BigInteger.valueOf(maximumDayInMonthFor(getEonAndYear().subtract(BigInteger.valueOf(1)), 12));
+                }
+                endDays = endDays.add(mdimf);
+                monthCarry = -1;
+            } 
+            else if (endDays.compareTo(BigInteger.valueOf(maximumDayInMonthFor(getEonAndYear(), getMonth()))) > 0) {
+                endDays = endDays.add(BigInteger.valueOf(-maximumDayInMonthFor(getEonAndYear(), getMonth())));
+                monthCarry = 1;
+            } 
+            else {
+                break;
+            } 
+
+            intTemp = getMonth() + monthCarry;
+            int endMonth = (intTemp - 1) % (13 - 1);
+            int quotient;
+            if (endMonth < 0) {
+                endMonth = (13 - 1) + endMonth + 1;
+                quotient = BigDecimal.valueOf(intTemp - 1).divide(new BigDecimal(TWELVE), BigDecimal.ROUND_UP).intValue();
+            } 
+            else {
+                quotient = (intTemp - 1) / (13 - 1);
+                endMonth += 1;
+            }
+            setMonth(endMonth);
+            if (quotient != 0)  {
+                setYear(getEonAndYear().add(BigInteger.valueOf(quotient)));
+            } 
+        }
+        setDay(endDays.intValue());
+
+        // set fields that where undefined before this addition, back to undefined.
+        for (int i = YEAR; i <= SECOND; i++) {
+            if (fieldUndefined[i]) {
+                switch (i) {
+                    case YEAR:
+                        setYear(DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED);
+                        break;
+                    case MONTH:
+                        setMonth(DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED);
+                        break;
+                    case DAY:
+                        setDay(DatatypeConstants.FIELD_UNDEFINED);
+                 

<TRUNCATED>