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Posted to commits@openjpa.apache.org by cl...@apache.org on 2006/12/04 21:00:05 UTC

svn commit: r482327 [2/3] - in /incubator/openjpa/trunk/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc: ant/ conf/ kernel/ kernel/exps/ meta/ meta/strats/ schema/ sql/

Modified: incubator/openjpa/trunk/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/MappingTool.java
URL: http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/incubator/openjpa/trunk/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/MappingTool.java?view=diff&rev=482327&r1=482326&r2=482327
==============================================================================
--- incubator/openjpa/trunk/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/MappingTool.java (original)
+++ incubator/openjpa/trunk/openjpa-jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/openjpa/jdbc/meta/MappingTool.java Mon Dec  4 11:59:52 2006
@@ -1,1123 +1,1123 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-package org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.io.Writer;
-import java.sql.SQLException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-import org.apache.openjpa.conf.OpenJPAConfiguration;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.conf.JDBCConfiguration;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.conf.JDBCConfigurationImpl;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.JDBCSeq;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Column;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.DynamicSchemaFactory;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.LazySchemaFactory;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Schema;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaGenerator;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaGroup;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaSerializer;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaTool;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Table;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.XMLSchemaSerializer;
-import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.sql.DBDictionary;
-import org.apache.openjpa.kernel.Seq;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.conf.Configurations;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.log.Log;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.meta.ClassArgParser;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Files;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Localizer;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Options;
-import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Services;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.ClassMetaData;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.FieldMetaData;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.JavaTypes;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.MetaDataFactory;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.MetaDataModes;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.QueryMetaData;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.SequenceMetaData;
-import org.apache.openjpa.meta.ValueStrategies;
-import org.apache.openjpa.util.GeneralException;
-import org.apache.openjpa.util.InternalException;
-import org.apache.openjpa.util.MetaDataException;
-
-/**
- * Tool for manipulating class mappings and associated schema.
- *
- * @author Abe White
- */
-public class MappingTool
-    implements MetaDataModes {
-
-    public static final String SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE = "none";
-
-    public static final String ACTION_ADD = "add";
-    public static final String ACTION_REFRESH = "refresh";
-    public static final String ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA = "buildSchema";
-    public static final String ACTION_DROP = "drop";
-    public static final String ACTION_VALIDATE = "validate";
-    public static final String ACTION_EXPORT = "export";
-    public static final String ACTION_IMPORT = "import";
-
-    public static final String[] ACTIONS = new String[]{
-        ACTION_ADD,
-        ACTION_REFRESH,
-        ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA,
-        ACTION_DROP,
-        ACTION_VALIDATE,
-        ACTION_EXPORT,
-        ACTION_IMPORT,
-    };
-
-    private static Localizer _loc = Localizer.forPackage(MappingTool.class);
-
-    private final JDBCConfiguration _conf;
-    private final Log _log;
-    private final String _action;
-    private final boolean _meta;
-    private final int _mode;
-
-    private MappingRepository _repos = null;
-    private SchemaGroup _schema = null;
-    private SchemaTool _schemaTool = null;
-    private String _schemaAction = SchemaTool.ACTION_ADD;
-    private boolean _readSchema = false;
-    private boolean _pks = false;
-    private boolean _fks = false;
-    private boolean _indexes = false;
-    private boolean _seqs = true;
-    private boolean _dropUnused = true;
-    private boolean _ignoreErrors = false;
-    private File _file = null;
-    private Writer _mappingWriter = null;
-    private Writer _schemaWriter = null;
-
-    // buffer metadatas to be dropped
-    private Set _dropCls = null;
-    private Set _dropMap = null;
-    private boolean _flush = false;
-    private boolean _flushSchema = false;
-
-    /**
-     * Constructor. Supply configuration and action.
-     */
-    public MappingTool(JDBCConfiguration conf, String action, boolean meta) {
-        _conf = conf;
-        _log = conf.getLog(JDBCConfiguration.LOG_METADATA);
-        _meta = meta;
-
-        if (action == null)
-            _action = ACTION_REFRESH;
-        else if (!Arrays.asList(ACTIONS).contains(action))
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("action == " + action);
-        else
-            _action = action;
-
-        if (meta && ACTION_ADD.equals(_action))
-            _mode = MODE_META;
-        else if (meta && ACTION_DROP.equals(_action))
-            _mode = MODE_META | MODE_MAPPING | MODE_QUERY;
-        else
-            _mode = MODE_MAPPING;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The action supplied on construction.
-     */
-    public String getAction() {
-        return _action;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether the action works on metadata as well as mappings.
-     */
-    public boolean isMetaDataAction() {
-        return _meta;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The schema modification policy, or <code>none</code>. See the
-     * ACTION constants in {@link SchemaTool}. Defaults to
-     * {@link SchemaTool#ACTION_ADD}.
-     */
-    public String getSchemaAction() {
-        return _schemaAction;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The schema modification policy, or <code>none</code>. See the
-     * ACTION constants in {@link SchemaTool}. Defaults to
-     * {@link SchemaTool#ACTION_ADD}.
-     */
-    public void setSchemaAction(String schemaAction) {
-        _schemaAction = schemaAction;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set to true to read the entire schema before mapping.
-     * Leaving this option false saves time, but is dangerous when adding
-     * new mappings, because without full knowledge of the existing schema the
-     * mapping tool might create tables or indexes that conflict with
-     * existing components.
-     */
-    public boolean getReadSchema() {
-        return _readSchema;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set to true to read the entire schema before mapping.
-     * Leaving this option false saves time, but is dangerous when adding
-     * new mappings, because without full knowledge of the existing schema the
-     * mapping tool might create tables or indexes that conflict with
-     * existing components.
-     */
-    public void setReadSchema(boolean readSchema) {
-        _readSchema = readSchema;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether to manipulate sequences. Defaults to true.
-     */
-    public boolean getSequences() {
-        return _seqs;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether to manipulate sequences. Defaults to true.
-     */
-    public void setSequences(boolean seqs) {
-        _seqs = seqs;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether indexes on existing tables should be manipulated.
-     * Defaults to false.
-     */
-    public boolean getIndexes() {
-        return _indexes;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether indexes on existing tables should be manipulated.
-     * Defaults to false.
-     */
-    public void setIndexes(boolean indexes) {
-        _indexes = indexes;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether foreign keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
-     * Defaults to false.
-     */
-    public boolean getForeignKeys() {
-        return _fks;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether foreign keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
-     * Defaults to false.
-     */
-    public void setForeignKeys(boolean fks) {
-        _fks = fks;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether primary keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
-     * Defaults to false.
-     */
-    public boolean getPrimaryKeys() {
-        return _pks;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether primary keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
-     * Defaults to false.
-     */
-    public void setPrimaryKeys(boolean pks) {
-        _pks = pks;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether schema components that are unused by any mapping will be
-     * dropped from this tool's {@link SchemaGroup}, and, depending on
-     * the schema action, from the database. Defaults to true.
-     */
-    public boolean getDropUnusedComponents() {
-        return _dropUnused;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether schema components that are unused by any mapping will be
-     * dropped from this tool's {@link SchemaGroup}, and, depending on
-     * the schema action, from the database. Defaults to true.
-     */
-    public void setDropUnusedComponents(boolean dropUnused) {
-        _dropUnused = dropUnused;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether and SQL errors should cause a failure or just issue a warning.
-     */
-    public void setIgnoreErrors(boolean ignoreErrors) {
-        _ignoreErrors = ignoreErrors;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether and SQL errors should cause a failure or just issue a warning.
-     */
-    public boolean getIgnoreErrors() {
-        return _ignoreErrors;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the schema tool to use for schema modification.
-     */
-    public SchemaTool getSchemaTool() {
-        if (_schemaTool == null)
-            _schemaTool = newSchemaTool(_schemaAction);
-        return _schemaTool;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the schema tool to use for schema modification.
-     */
-    private SchemaTool newSchemaTool(String action) {
-        if (SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE.equals(action))
-            action = null;
-        SchemaTool tool = new SchemaTool(_conf, action);
-        tool.setIgnoreErrors(getIgnoreErrors());
-        tool.setPrimaryKeys(getPrimaryKeys());
-        tool.setForeignKeys(getForeignKeys());
-        tool.setIndexes(getIndexes());
-        tool.setSequences(getSequences());
-        return tool;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set the schema tool to use for schema modification.
-     */
-    public void setSchemaTool(SchemaTool tool) {
-        _schemaTool = tool;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The stream to export the planned schema to as an XML document.
-     * If non-null, then the database schema will not be altered.
-     */
-    public Writer getSchemaWriter() {
-        return _schemaWriter;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The stream to export the planned schema to as an XML document.
-     * If non-null, then the database schema will not be altered.
-     */
-    public void setSchemaWriter(Writer schemaWriter) {
-        _schemaWriter = schemaWriter;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The stream to export the planned mappings to as an XML document.
-     * If non-null, then the mapping repository will not be altered.
-     */
-    public Writer getMappingWriter() {
-        return _mappingWriter;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The stream to export the planned mappings to as an XML document.
-     * If non-null, then the mapping repository will not be altered.
-     */
-    public void setMappingWriter(Writer mappingWriter) {
-        _mappingWriter = mappingWriter;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * If adding metadata, the metadata file to add to.
-     */
-    public File getMetaDataFile() {
-        return _file;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * If adding metadata, the metadata file to add to.
-     */
-    public void setMetaDataFile(File file) {
-        _file = file;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the repository to use to access mapping information.
-     * Defaults to a new {@link MappingRepository}.
-     */
-    public MappingRepository getRepository() {
-        if (_repos == null) {
-            _repos = _conf.newMappingRepositoryInstance();
-            _repos.setSchemaGroup(getSchemaGroup());
-            _repos.setValidate(_repos.VALIDATE_UNENHANCED, false);
-        }
-        return _repos;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set the repository to use to access mapping information.
-     */
-    public void setRepository(MappingRepository repos) {
-        _repos = repos;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the schema group to use in mapping. If none has been set, the
-     * schema will be generated from the database.
-     */
-    public SchemaGroup getSchemaGroup() {
-        if (_schema == null) {
-            if (ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA.equals(_action)) {
-                DynamicSchemaFactory factory = new DynamicSchemaFactory();
-                factory.setConfiguration(_conf);
-                _schema = factory;
-            } else if (_readSchema
-                || SchemaTool.ACTION_RETAIN.equals(_schemaAction)
-                || SchemaTool.ACTION_REFRESH.equals(_schemaAction)) {
-                _schema = (SchemaGroup) getSchemaTool().getDBSchemaGroup().
-                    clone();
-            } else {
-                // with this we'll just read tables as different mappings
-                // look for them
-                LazySchemaFactory factory = new LazySchemaFactory();
-                factory.setConfiguration(_conf);
-                factory.setPrimaryKeys(getPrimaryKeys());
-                factory.setForeignKeys(getForeignKeys());
-                factory.setIndexes(getIndexes());
-                _schema = factory;
-            }
-
-            if (_schema.getSchemas().length == 0)
-                _schema.addSchema();
-        }
-        return _schema;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set the schema to use in mapping.
-     */
-    public void setSchemaGroup(SchemaGroup schema) {
-        _schema = schema;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Reset the internal repository. This is called automatically after
-     * every {@link #record}.
-     */
-    public void clear() {
-        _repos = null;
-        _schema = null;
-        _schemaTool = null;
-        _flush = false;
-        _flushSchema = false;
-        if (_dropCls != null)
-            _dropCls.clear();
-        if (_dropMap != null)
-            _dropMap.clear();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Records the changes that have been made to both the mappings and the
-     * associated schema, and clears the tool for further use. This also
-     * involves clearing the internal mapping repository.
-     */
-    public void record() {
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        MetaDataFactory io = repos.getMetaDataFactory();
-        ClassMapping[] mappings;
-        if (!ACTION_DROP.equals(_action))
-            mappings = repos.getMappings();
-        else if (_dropMap != null)
-            mappings = (ClassMapping[]) _dropMap.toArray
-                (new ClassMapping[_dropMap.size()]);
-        else
-            mappings = new ClassMapping[0];
-
-        try {
-            if (_dropCls != null && !_dropCls.isEmpty()) {
-                Class[] cls = (Class[]) _dropCls.toArray
-                    (new Class[_dropCls.size()]);
-                if (!io.drop(cls, _mode, null))
-                    _log.warn(_loc.get("bad-drop", _dropCls));
-            }
-
-            if (_flushSchema) {
-                // drop portions of the known schema that no mapping uses, and
-                // add sequences used for value generation
-                if (_dropUnused)
-                    dropUnusedSchemaComponents(mappings);
-                addSequenceComponents(mappings);
-
-                // now run the schematool as long as we're doing some schema
-                // action and the user doesn't just want an xml output
-                if (!SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE.equals(_schemaAction)
-                    && (_schemaWriter == null || (_schemaTool != null
-                    && _schemaTool.getWriter() != null))) {
-                    SchemaTool tool = getSchemaTool();
-                    tool.setSchemaGroup(getSchemaGroup());
-                    tool.run();
-                    tool.record();
-                }
-
-                // xml output of schema?
-                if (_schemaWriter != null) {
-                    // serialize the planned schema to the stream
-                    SchemaSerializer ser = new XMLSchemaSerializer(_conf);
-                    ser.addAll(getSchemaGroup());
-                    ser.serialize(_schemaWriter, ser.PRETTY);
-                    _schemaWriter.flush();
-                }
-            }
-            if (!_flush)
-                return;
-
-            QueryMetaData[] queries = repos.getQueryMetaDatas();
-            SequenceMetaData[] seqs = repos.getSequenceMetaDatas();
-            Map output = null;
-
-            // if we're outputting to stream, set all metas to same file so
-            // they get placed in single string
-            if (_mappingWriter != null) {
-                output = new HashMap();
-                File tmp = new File("openjpatmp");
-                for (int i = 0; i < mappings.length; i++)
-                    mappings[i].setSource(tmp, mappings[i].SRC_OTHER);
-                for (int i = 0; i < queries.length; i++)
-                    queries[i].setSource(tmp, queries[i].getSourceScope(),
-                        queries[i].SRC_OTHER);
-                for (int i = 0; i < seqs.length; i++)
-                    seqs[i].setSource(tmp, seqs[i].getSourceScope(),
-                        seqs[i].SRC_OTHER);
-            }
-
-            // store
-            if (!io.store(mappings, queries, seqs, _mode, output))
-                throw new MetaDataException(_loc.get("bad-store"));
-
-            // write to stream
-            if (_mappingWriter != null) {
-                PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(_mappingWriter);
-                for (Iterator itr = output.values().iterator();
-                    itr.hasNext();)
-                    out.println((String) itr.next());
-                out.flush();
-            }
-        }
-        catch (RuntimeException re) {
-            throw re;
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new GeneralException(e);
-        } finally {
-            clear();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Drops schema components that appear to be unused from the local
-     * copy of the schema group.
-     */
-    private void dropUnusedSchemaComponents(ClassMapping[] mappings) {
-        FieldMapping[] fields;
-        for (int i = 0; i < mappings.length; i++) {
-            mappings[i].refSchemaComponents();
-            mappings[i].getDiscriminator().refSchemaComponents();
-            mappings[i].getVersion().refSchemaComponents();
-            fields = mappings[i].getDefinedFieldMappings();
-            for (int j = 0; j < fields.length; j++)
-                fields[j].refSchemaComponents();
-        }
-
-        // also allow the dbdictionary to ref any schema components that
-        // it adds apart from mappings
-        SchemaGroup group = getSchemaGroup();
-        Schema[] schemas = group.getSchemas();
-        Table[] tables;
-        DBDictionary dict = _conf.getDBDictionaryInstance();
-        for (int i = 0; i < schemas.length; i++) {
-            tables = schemas[i].getTables();
-            for (int j = 0; j < tables.length; j++)
-                dict.refSchemaComponents(tables[j]);
-        }
-
-        group.removeUnusedComponents();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Add tables used by sequences to the given schema.
-     */
-    private void addSequenceComponents(ClassMapping[] mappings) {
-        SchemaGroup group = getSchemaGroup();
-        for (int i = 0; i < mappings.length; i++)
-            addSequenceComponents(mappings[i], group);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Add tables used by sequences to the given schema.
-     */
-    private void addSequenceComponents(ClassMapping mapping,
-        SchemaGroup group) {
-        SequenceMetaData smd = mapping.getIdentitySequenceMetaData();
-        Seq seq = null;
-        if (smd != null)
-            seq = smd.getInstance(null);
-        else if (mapping.getIdentityStrategy() == ValueStrategies.NATIVE
-            || (mapping.getIdentityStrategy() == ValueStrategies.NONE
-            && mapping.getIdentityType() == ClassMapping.ID_DATASTORE))
-            seq = _conf.getSequenceInstance();
-
-        if (seq instanceof JDBCSeq)
-            ((JDBCSeq) seq).addSchema(mapping, group);
-
-        FieldMapping[] fmds;
-        if (mapping.getEmbeddingMetaData() == null)
-            fmds = mapping.getDefinedFieldMappings();
-        else
-            fmds = mapping.getFieldMappings();
-        for (int i = 0; i < fmds.length; i++) {
-            smd = fmds[i].getValueSequenceMetaData();
-            if (smd != null) {
-                seq = smd.getInstance(null);
-                if (seq instanceof JDBCSeq)
-                    ((JDBCSeq) seq).addSchema(mapping, group);
-            } else if (fmds[i].getEmbeddedMapping() != null)
-                addSequenceComponents(fmds[i].getEmbeddedMapping(), group);
-        }
-    }
-
-    ///////////
-    // Actions
-    ///////////
-
-    /**
-     * Run the configured action on the given instance.
-     */
-    public void run(Class cls) {
-        if (ACTION_ADD.equals(_action)) {
-            if (_meta)
-                addMeta(cls);
-            else
-                add(cls);
-        } else if (ACTION_REFRESH.equals(_action))
-            refresh(cls);
-        else if (ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA.equals(_action))
-            buildSchema(cls);
-        else if (ACTION_DROP.equals(_action))
-            drop(cls);
-        else if (ACTION_VALIDATE.equals(_action))
-            validate(cls);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Add the mapping for the given instance.
-     */
-    private void add(Class cls) {
-        if (cls == null)
-            return;
-
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new MappingStrategyInstaller(repos));
-        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) != null) {
-            _flush = true;
-            _flushSchema = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the mapping for the given type, or null if the type is
-     * persistence-aware.
-     */
-    private static ClassMapping getMapping(MappingRepository repos, Class cls,
-        boolean validate) {
-        // this will parse all possible metadata rsrcs looking for cls, so
-        // will detect if p-aware
-        ClassMapping mapping = repos.getMapping(cls, null, false);
-        if (mapping != null)
-            return mapping;
-        if (!validate || cls.isInterface() 
-            || repos.getPersistenceAware(cls) != null)
-            return null;
-        throw new MetaDataException(_loc.get("no-meta", cls));
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Create a metadata for the given instance.
-     */
-    private void addMeta(Class cls) {
-        if (cls == null)
-            return;
-
-        _flush = true;
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        repos.setResolve(MODE_MAPPING, false);
-        MetaDataFactory factory = repos.getMetaDataFactory();
-        factory.getDefaults().setIgnoreNonPersistent(false);
-        factory.setStoreMode(MetaDataFactory.STORE_VERBOSE);
-
-        ClassMetaData meta = repos.addMetaData(cls);
-        FieldMetaData[] fmds = meta.getDeclaredFields();
-        for (int i = 0; i < fmds.length; i++) {
-            if (fmds[i].getDeclaredTypeCode() == JavaTypes.OBJECT
-                && fmds[i].getDeclaredType() != Object.class)
-                fmds[i].setDeclaredTypeCode(JavaTypes.PC);
-        }
-        meta.setSource(_file, meta.getSourceType());
-        meta.setResolve(MODE_META, true);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Refresh or add the mapping for the given instance.
-     */
-    private void refresh(Class cls) {
-        if (cls == null)
-            return;
-
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RefreshStrategyInstaller(repos));
-        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) != null) {
-            _flush = true;
-            _flushSchema = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Validate the mappings for the given class and its fields.
-     */
-    private void validate(Class cls) {
-        if (cls == null)
-            return;
-
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RuntimeStrategyInstaller(repos));
-        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) != null)
-            _flushSchema = !SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE.equals(_schemaAction)
-                && !SchemaTool.ACTION_ADD.equals(_schemaAction);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Create the schema using the mapping for the given instance.
-     */
-    private void buildSchema(Class cls) {
-        if (cls == null)
-            return;
-
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RuntimeStrategyInstaller(repos));
-        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) == null)
-            return;
-
-        // set any logical pks to non-logical so they get flushed
-        _flushSchema = true;
-        Schema[] schemas = _schema.getSchemas();
-        Table[] tables;
-        Column[] cols;
-        for (int i = 0; i < schemas.length; i++) {
-            tables = schemas[i].getTables();
-            for (int j = 0; j < tables.length; j++) {
-                if (tables[j].getPrimaryKey() == null)
-                    continue;
-
-                tables[j].getPrimaryKey().setLogical(false);
-                cols = tables[j].getPrimaryKey().getColumns();
-                for (int k = 0; k < cols.length; k++)
-                    cols[k].setNotNull(true);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Drop mapping for given class.
-     */
-    private void drop(Class cls) {
-        if (cls == null)
-            return;
-
-        if (_dropCls == null)
-            _dropCls = new HashSet();
-        _dropCls.add(cls);
-        if (!SchemaTool.ACTION_DROP.equals(_schemaAction))
-            return;
-
-        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
-        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RuntimeStrategyInstaller(repos));
-        ClassMapping mapping = null;
-        try {
-            mapping = repos.getMapping(cls, null, false);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-        }
-
-        if (mapping != null) {
-            _flushSchema = true;
-            if (_dropMap == null)
-                _dropMap = new HashSet();
-            _dropMap.add(mapping);
-        } else
-            _log.warn(_loc.get("no-drop-meta", cls));
-    }
-
-    ////////
-    // Main
-    ////////
-
-    /**
-     * Usage: java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool [option]* 
-     * [-action/-a &lt;refresh | add | buildSchema | drop | validate | import 
-     * | export&gt;] &lt;class name | .java file | .class file | .jdo file&gt;*
-     * Where the following options are recognized.
-     * <ul>
-     * <li><i>-properties/-p &lt;properties file or resource&gt;</i>: The
-     * path or resource name of a OpenJPA properties file containing
-     * information as outlined in {@link OpenJPAConfiguration}. Optional.</li>
-     * <li><i>-&lt;property name&gt; &lt;property value&gt;</i>: All bean
-     * properties of the OpenJPA {@link JDBCConfiguration} can be set by
-     * using their	names and supplying a value. For example:
-     * <code>-licenseKey adslfja83r3lkadf</code></li>
-     * <li><i>-file/-f &lt;stdout | output file or resource&gt;</i>: Use
-     * this option to write the planned mappings to an XML document rather
-     * than store them in the repository. This option also specifies the
-     * metadata file to write to if using the <code>add</code> action with
-     * the <code>-meta true</code> flag, or the file to dump to if using
-     * the <code>export</code> action.</li>
-     * <li><i>-schemaAction/-sa &lt;schema action | none&gt;</i>: The
-     * {@link SchemaTool} defines the actions possible. The actions will
-     * apply to all schema components used by the mappings involved.
-     * Unless you are running the mapping tool on all of your persistent
-     * types at once, be careful running schema actions that can drop data.
-     * It is possible to accidentally drop schema components that are
-     * used by classes you aren't currently running the tool over. The
-     * action defaults to <code>add</code>.</li>
-     * <li><i>-schemaFile/-sf &lt;stdout | output file or resource&gt;</i>: Use
-     * this option to write the planned schema to an XML document rather
-     * than modify the data store.</li>
-     * <li><i>-sqlFile/-sql &lt;stdout | output file or resource&gt;</i>: Use
-     * this option to write the planned schema changes as a SQL
-     * script rather than modifying the data store.</li>
-     * <li><i>-dropTables/-dt &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds to the
-     * same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
-     * <li><i>-dropSequences/-dsq &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds
-     * to the same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
-     * <li><i>-openjpaTables/-kt &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds to
-     * the same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
-     * <li><i>-ignoreErrors/-i &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds to the
-     * same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
-     * <li><i>-readSchema/-rs &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Set this to true
-     * to read the entire existing schema (even when false the parts of
-     * the schema used by classes the tool is run on will still be read).
-     * Turning on schema reading can ensure that no naming conflicts will
-     * occur, but it can take a long time.</li>
-     * <li><i>-primaryKeys/-pk &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether primary
-     * keys on existing tables are manipulated. Defaults to false.</li>
-     * <li><i>-foreignKeys/-fk &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether foreign
-     * keys on existing tables are manipulated. Defaults to false.</li>
-     * <li><i>-indexes/-ix &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether indexes on
-     * existing tables are manipulated. Defaults to false.</li>
-     * <li><i>-sequences/-sq &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether sequences
-     * are manipulated. Defaults to true.</li>
-     * <li><i>-schemas/-s &lt;schema and table names&gt;</i>: A list of schemas
-     * and/or tables to read. Corresponds to the
-     * same-named option in the {@link SchemaGenerator}. This option
-     * is ignored if <code>readSchema</code> is false.</li>
-     * <li><i>-meta/-m &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether the given action
-     * applies to metadata as well as mappings.</li>
-     * </ul>
-     *  The various actions are as follows.
-     * <ul>
-     * <li><i>refresh</i>: Bring the mapping information up-to-date
-     * with the class definitions. OpenJPA will attempt to use any provided
-     * mapping information, and fill in missing information. If the
-     * provided information conflicts with the class definition, the
-     * conflicting information will be discarded and the class/field will
-     * be re-mapped to new columns/tables. This is the default action.</li>
-     * <li><i>add</i>: If used with the <code>-meta</code> option, adds new
-     * default metadata for the given class(es). Otherwise, brings the
-     * mapping information up-to-date with the class
-     * definitions. OpenJPA will attempt to use any provided mapping
-     * information, and fill in missing information. OpenJPA will fail if
-     * the provided information conflicts with the class definition.</li>
-     * <li><i>buildSchema</i>: Create the schema matching the existing
-     * mappings for the given class(es). Any invalid mapping information
-     * will cause an exception.</li>
-     * <li><i>drop</i>: Delete mappings for the given classes. If used with
-     * the <code>-meta</code> option, also deletes metadata.</li>
-     * <li><i>validate</i>: Validate the given mappings. The mapping
-     * repository and schema will not be affected.</li>
-     * <li><i>import</i>: Import mappings from an XML document and store
-     * them as the current system mappings.</li>
-     * <li><i>export</i>: Dump the current mappings for the given classes to
-     * an XML document specified by the <code>file</code> option.</li>
-     * If used with the <code>-meta</code> option, the metadata will be
-     * included in the export.
-     * </ul>
-     *  Each class supplied as an argument must have valid metadata. If
-     * no class arguments are given, the tool runs on all metadata files in
-     * the CLASSPATH.
-     *  Examples:
-     * <ul>
-     * <li>Refresh the mappings for given package, without dropping any
-     * schema components:<br />
-     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool mypackage.jdo</code></li>
-     * <li>Refresh the mappings for all persistent classes in the classpath,
-     * dropping any unused columns and even tables:<br />
-     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool -sa refresh
-     * -dt true</code></li>
-     * <li>Make sure the mappings you've created by hand match the object
-     * model and schema:<br />
-     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jbdc.meta.MappingTool
-     * -a validate Person.java</code></li>
-     * <li>Remove the recorded mapping for a given class:<br />
-     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jbdc.meta.MappingTool
-     * -a drop Person.java</code></li>
-     * <li>Record the current mappings in an XML file:<br />
-     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool
-     * -f mypackage.orm -a export mypackage.jdo</code></li>
-     * </ul>
-     */
-    public static void main(String[] args)
-        throws IOException, SQLException {
-        Options opts = new Options();
-        args = opts.setFromCmdLine(args);
-        JDBCConfiguration conf = new JDBCConfigurationImpl();
-        try {
-            if (!run(conf, args, opts))
-                System.err.println(_loc.get("tool-usage"));
-        } finally {
-            conf.close();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Run the tool. Returns false if invalid options are given.
-     *
-     * @see #main
-     */
-    public static boolean run(JDBCConfiguration conf, String[] args,
-        Options opts)
-        throws IOException, SQLException {
-        if (opts.containsKey("help") || opts.containsKey("-help"))
-            return false;
-
-        // flags
-        Flags flags = new Flags();
-        flags.action = opts.removeProperty("action", "a", flags.action);
-        flags.schemaAction = opts.removeProperty("schemaAction", "sa",
-            flags.schemaAction);
-        flags.dropTables = opts.removeBooleanProperty
-            ("dropTables", "dt", flags.dropTables);
-        flags.openjpaTables = opts.removeBooleanProperty
-            ("openjpaTables", "ot", flags.openjpaTables);
-        flags.dropSequences = opts.removeBooleanProperty
-            ("dropSequences", "dsq", flags.dropSequences);
-        flags.readSchema = opts.removeBooleanProperty
-            ("readSchema", "rs", flags.readSchema);
-        flags.primaryKeys = opts.removeBooleanProperty
-            ("primaryKeys", "pk", flags.primaryKeys);
-        flags.indexes = opts.removeBooleanProperty("indexes", "ix",
-            flags.indexes);
-        flags.foreignKeys = opts.removeBooleanProperty("foreignKeys", "fk",
-            flags.foreignKeys);
-        flags.sequences = opts.removeBooleanProperty("sequences", "sq",
-            flags.sequences);
-        flags.ignoreErrors = opts.removeBooleanProperty
-            ("ignoreErrors", "i", flags.ignoreErrors);
-        flags.meta = opts.removeBooleanProperty("meta", "m", flags.meta);
-        String fileName = opts.removeProperty("file", "f", null);
-        String schemaFileName = opts.removeProperty("schemaFile", "sf", null);
-        String sqlFileName = opts.removeProperty("sqlFile", "sql", null);
-        String schemas = opts.removeProperty("s");
-        if (schemas != null)
-            opts.setProperty("schemas", schemas);
-
-        Configurations.populateConfiguration(conf, opts);
-        ClassLoader loader = conf.getClassResolverInstance().
-            getClassLoader(MappingTool.class, null);
-        if (flags.meta && ACTION_ADD.equals(flags.action))
-            flags.metaDataFile = Files.getFile(fileName, loader);
-        else
-            flags.mappingWriter = Files.getWriter(fileName, loader);
-        flags.schemaWriter = Files.getWriter(schemaFileName, loader);
-        flags.sqlWriter = Files.getWriter(sqlFileName, loader);
-
-        return run(conf, args, flags, loader);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Run the tool. Return false if an invalid option was given.
-     */
-    public static boolean run(JDBCConfiguration conf, String[] args,
-        Flags flags, ClassLoader loader)
-        throws IOException, SQLException {
-        // default action based on whether the mapping defaults fills in
-        // missing info
-        if (flags.action == null) {
-            if (conf.getMappingDefaultsInstance().defaultMissingInfo())
-                flags.action = ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA;
-            else
-                flags.action = ACTION_REFRESH;
-        }
-
-        // collect the classes to act on
-        Log log = conf.getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_TOOL);
-        Collection classes = null;
-        if (args.length == 0) {
-            if (ACTION_IMPORT.equals(flags.action))
-                return false;
-            log.info(_loc.get("running-all-classes"));
-            classes = conf.getMappingRepositoryInstance().
-                loadPersistentTypes(true, loader);
-        } else {
-            classes = new HashSet();
-            ClassArgParser classParser = conf.getMetaDataRepositoryInstance().
-                getMetaDataFactory().newClassArgParser();
-            classParser.setClassLoader(loader);
-            Class[] parsed;
-            for (int i = 0; args != null && i < args.length; i++) {
-                parsed = classParser.parseTypes(args[i]);
-                classes.addAll(Arrays.asList(parsed));
-            }
-        }
-
-        Class[] act = (Class[]) classes.toArray(new Class[classes.size()]);
-        if (ACTION_EXPORT.equals(flags.action)) {
-            // run exports until the first export succeeds
-            ImportExport[] instances = newImportExports();
-            for (int i = 0; i < instances.length; i++) {
-                if (instances[i].exportMappings(conf, act, flags.meta, log,
-                    flags.mappingWriter))
-                    return true;
-            }
-            return false;
-        }
-        if (ACTION_IMPORT.equals(flags.action)) {
-            // run exports until the first export succeeds
-            ImportExport[] instances = newImportExports();
-            for (int i = 0; i < instances.length; i++) {
-                if (instances[i].importMappings(conf, act, args, flags.meta,
-                    log, loader))
-                    return true;
-            }
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        MappingTool tool;
-        try {
-            tool = new MappingTool(conf, flags.action, flags.meta);
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        // setup the tool
-        tool.setIgnoreErrors(flags.ignoreErrors);
-        tool.setMetaDataFile(flags.metaDataFile);
-        tool.setMappingWriter(flags.mappingWriter);
-        tool.setSchemaAction(flags.schemaAction);
-        tool.setSchemaWriter(flags.schemaWriter);
-        tool.setReadSchema(flags.readSchema
-            && !ACTION_VALIDATE.equals(flags.action));
-        tool.setPrimaryKeys(flags.primaryKeys);
-        tool.setForeignKeys(flags.foreignKeys);
-        tool.setIndexes(flags.indexes);
-        tool.setSequences(flags.sequences || flags.dropSequences);
-
-        // make sure to do this after other settings so that other settings
-        // are passed on to schema tool
-        tool.getSchemaTool().setDropTables(flags.dropTables);
-        tool.getSchemaTool().setDropSequences(flags.dropSequences);
-        tool.getSchemaTool().setWriter(flags.sqlWriter);
-        tool.getSchemaTool().setOpenJPATables(flags.openjpaTables);
-
-        // and run the action
-        for (int i = 0; i < act.length; i++) {
-            log.info(_loc.get("tool-running", act[i], flags.action));
-            if (i == 0 && flags.readSchema)
-                log.info(_loc.get("tool-time"));
-            tool.run(act[i]);
-        }
-        log.info(_loc.get("tool-record"));
-        tool.record();
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Create an {@link ImportExport} instance.
-     */
-    private static ImportExport[] newImportExports() {
-        try {
-            Class[] types = Services.getImplementorClasses(ImportExport.class);
-            ImportExport[] instances = new ImportExport[types.length];
-            for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++)
-                instances[i] = (ImportExport) types[i].newInstance();
-            return instances;
-        } catch (Throwable t) {
-            throw new InternalException(_loc.get("importexport-instantiate"),t);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Run flags.
-     */
-    public static class Flags {
-
-        public String action = null;
-        public boolean meta = false;
-        public String schemaAction = SchemaTool.ACTION_ADD;
-        public File metaDataFile = null;
-        public Writer mappingWriter = null;
-        public Writer schemaWriter = null;
-        public Writer sqlWriter = null;
-        public boolean ignoreErrors = false;
-        public boolean readSchema = false;
-        public boolean dropTables = false;
-        public boolean openjpaTables = false;
-        public boolean dropSequences = false;
-        public boolean sequences = true;
-        public boolean primaryKeys = false;
-        public boolean foreignKeys = false;
-        public boolean indexes = false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Helper used to import and export mapping data.
-     */
-    public static interface ImportExport {
-
-        /**
-         * Import mappings for the given classes based on the given arguments.
-         */
-        public boolean importMappings(JDBCConfiguration conf, Class[] act,
-            String[] args, boolean meta, Log log, ClassLoader loader)
-            throws IOException;
-
-        /**
-         * Export mappings for the given classes based on the given arguments.
-         */
-        public boolean exportMappings(JDBCConfiguration conf, Class[] act,
-            boolean meta, Log log, Writer writer)
-            throws IOException;
-    }
-}
+/*
+ * Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.apache.openjpa.conf.OpenJPAConfiguration;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.conf.JDBCConfiguration;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.conf.JDBCConfigurationImpl;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.JDBCSeq;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Column;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.DynamicSchemaFactory;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.LazySchemaFactory;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Schema;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaGenerator;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaGroup;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaSerializer;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.SchemaTool;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.Table;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.schema.XMLSchemaSerializer;
+import org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.sql.DBDictionary;
+import org.apache.openjpa.kernel.Seq;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.conf.Configurations;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.log.Log;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.meta.ClassArgParser;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Files;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Localizer;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Options;
+import org.apache.openjpa.lib.util.Services;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.ClassMetaData;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.FieldMetaData;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.JavaTypes;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.MetaDataFactory;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.MetaDataModes;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.QueryMetaData;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.SequenceMetaData;
+import org.apache.openjpa.meta.ValueStrategies;
+import org.apache.openjpa.util.GeneralException;
+import org.apache.openjpa.util.InternalException;
+import org.apache.openjpa.util.MetaDataException;
+
+/**
+ * Tool for manipulating class mappings and associated schema.
+ *
+ * @author Abe White
+ */
+public class MappingTool
+    implements MetaDataModes {
+
+    public static final String SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE = "none";
+
+    public static final String ACTION_ADD = "add";
+    public static final String ACTION_REFRESH = "refresh";
+    public static final String ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA = "buildSchema";
+    public static final String ACTION_DROP = "drop";
+    public static final String ACTION_VALIDATE = "validate";
+    public static final String ACTION_EXPORT = "export";
+    public static final String ACTION_IMPORT = "import";
+
+    public static final String[] ACTIONS = new String[]{
+        ACTION_ADD,
+        ACTION_REFRESH,
+        ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA,
+        ACTION_DROP,
+        ACTION_VALIDATE,
+        ACTION_EXPORT,
+        ACTION_IMPORT,
+    };
+
+    private static Localizer _loc = Localizer.forPackage(MappingTool.class);
+
+    private final JDBCConfiguration _conf;
+    private final Log _log;
+    private final String _action;
+    private final boolean _meta;
+    private final int _mode;
+
+    private MappingRepository _repos = null;
+    private SchemaGroup _schema = null;
+    private SchemaTool _schemaTool = null;
+    private String _schemaAction = SchemaTool.ACTION_ADD;
+    private boolean _readSchema = false;
+    private boolean _pks = false;
+    private boolean _fks = false;
+    private boolean _indexes = false;
+    private boolean _seqs = true;
+    private boolean _dropUnused = true;
+    private boolean _ignoreErrors = false;
+    private File _file = null;
+    private Writer _mappingWriter = null;
+    private Writer _schemaWriter = null;
+
+    // buffer metadatas to be dropped
+    private Set _dropCls = null;
+    private Set _dropMap = null;
+    private boolean _flush = false;
+    private boolean _flushSchema = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor. Supply configuration and action.
+     */
+    public MappingTool(JDBCConfiguration conf, String action, boolean meta) {
+        _conf = conf;
+        _log = conf.getLog(JDBCConfiguration.LOG_METADATA);
+        _meta = meta;
+
+        if (action == null)
+            _action = ACTION_REFRESH;
+        else if (!Arrays.asList(ACTIONS).contains(action))
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("action == " + action);
+        else
+            _action = action;
+
+        if (meta && ACTION_ADD.equals(_action))
+            _mode = MODE_META;
+        else if (meta && ACTION_DROP.equals(_action))
+            _mode = MODE_META | MODE_MAPPING | MODE_QUERY;
+        else
+            _mode = MODE_MAPPING;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The action supplied on construction.
+     */
+    public String getAction() {
+        return _action;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the action works on metadata as well as mappings.
+     */
+    public boolean isMetaDataAction() {
+        return _meta;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The schema modification policy, or <code>none</code>. See the
+     * ACTION constants in {@link SchemaTool}. Defaults to
+     * {@link SchemaTool#ACTION_ADD}.
+     */
+    public String getSchemaAction() {
+        return _schemaAction;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The schema modification policy, or <code>none</code>. See the
+     * ACTION constants in {@link SchemaTool}. Defaults to
+     * {@link SchemaTool#ACTION_ADD}.
+     */
+    public void setSchemaAction(String schemaAction) {
+        _schemaAction = schemaAction;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set to true to read the entire schema before mapping.
+     * Leaving this option false saves time, but is dangerous when adding
+     * new mappings, because without full knowledge of the existing schema the
+     * mapping tool might create tables or indexes that conflict with
+     * existing components.
+     */
+    public boolean getReadSchema() {
+        return _readSchema;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set to true to read the entire schema before mapping.
+     * Leaving this option false saves time, but is dangerous when adding
+     * new mappings, because without full knowledge of the existing schema the
+     * mapping tool might create tables or indexes that conflict with
+     * existing components.
+     */
+    public void setReadSchema(boolean readSchema) {
+        _readSchema = readSchema;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to manipulate sequences. Defaults to true.
+     */
+    public boolean getSequences() {
+        return _seqs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to manipulate sequences. Defaults to true.
+     */
+    public void setSequences(boolean seqs) {
+        _seqs = seqs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether indexes on existing tables should be manipulated.
+     * Defaults to false.
+     */
+    public boolean getIndexes() {
+        return _indexes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether indexes on existing tables should be manipulated.
+     * Defaults to false.
+     */
+    public void setIndexes(boolean indexes) {
+        _indexes = indexes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether foreign keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
+     * Defaults to false.
+     */
+    public boolean getForeignKeys() {
+        return _fks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether foreign keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
+     * Defaults to false.
+     */
+    public void setForeignKeys(boolean fks) {
+        _fks = fks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether primary keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
+     * Defaults to false.
+     */
+    public boolean getPrimaryKeys() {
+        return _pks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether primary keys on existing tables should be manipulated.
+     * Defaults to false.
+     */
+    public void setPrimaryKeys(boolean pks) {
+        _pks = pks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether schema components that are unused by any mapping will be
+     * dropped from this tool's {@link SchemaGroup}, and, depending on
+     * the schema action, from the database. Defaults to true.
+     */
+    public boolean getDropUnusedComponents() {
+        return _dropUnused;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether schema components that are unused by any mapping will be
+     * dropped from this tool's {@link SchemaGroup}, and, depending on
+     * the schema action, from the database. Defaults to true.
+     */
+    public void setDropUnusedComponents(boolean dropUnused) {
+        _dropUnused = dropUnused;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether and SQL errors should cause a failure or just issue a warning.
+     */
+    public void setIgnoreErrors(boolean ignoreErrors) {
+        _ignoreErrors = ignoreErrors;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether and SQL errors should cause a failure or just issue a warning.
+     */
+    public boolean getIgnoreErrors() {
+        return _ignoreErrors;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the schema tool to use for schema modification.
+     */
+    public SchemaTool getSchemaTool() {
+        if (_schemaTool == null)
+            _schemaTool = newSchemaTool(_schemaAction);
+        return _schemaTool;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the schema tool to use for schema modification.
+     */
+    private SchemaTool newSchemaTool(String action) {
+        if (SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE.equals(action))
+            action = null;
+        SchemaTool tool = new SchemaTool(_conf, action);
+        tool.setIgnoreErrors(getIgnoreErrors());
+        tool.setPrimaryKeys(getPrimaryKeys());
+        tool.setForeignKeys(getForeignKeys());
+        tool.setIndexes(getIndexes());
+        tool.setSequences(getSequences());
+        return tool;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the schema tool to use for schema modification.
+     */
+    public void setSchemaTool(SchemaTool tool) {
+        _schemaTool = tool;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The stream to export the planned schema to as an XML document.
+     * If non-null, then the database schema will not be altered.
+     */
+    public Writer getSchemaWriter() {
+        return _schemaWriter;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The stream to export the planned schema to as an XML document.
+     * If non-null, then the database schema will not be altered.
+     */
+    public void setSchemaWriter(Writer schemaWriter) {
+        _schemaWriter = schemaWriter;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The stream to export the planned mappings to as an XML document.
+     * If non-null, then the mapping repository will not be altered.
+     */
+    public Writer getMappingWriter() {
+        return _mappingWriter;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The stream to export the planned mappings to as an XML document.
+     * If non-null, then the mapping repository will not be altered.
+     */
+    public void setMappingWriter(Writer mappingWriter) {
+        _mappingWriter = mappingWriter;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If adding metadata, the metadata file to add to.
+     */
+    public File getMetaDataFile() {
+        return _file;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If adding metadata, the metadata file to add to.
+     */
+    public void setMetaDataFile(File file) {
+        _file = file;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the repository to use to access mapping information.
+     * Defaults to a new {@link MappingRepository}.
+     */
+    public MappingRepository getRepository() {
+        if (_repos == null) {
+            _repos = _conf.newMappingRepositoryInstance();
+            _repos.setSchemaGroup(getSchemaGroup());
+            _repos.setValidate(_repos.VALIDATE_UNENHANCED, false);
+        }
+        return _repos;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the repository to use to access mapping information.
+     */
+    public void setRepository(MappingRepository repos) {
+        _repos = repos;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the schema group to use in mapping. If none has been set, the
+     * schema will be generated from the database.
+     */
+    public SchemaGroup getSchemaGroup() {
+        if (_schema == null) {
+            if (ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA.equals(_action)) {
+                DynamicSchemaFactory factory = new DynamicSchemaFactory();
+                factory.setConfiguration(_conf);
+                _schema = factory;
+            } else if (_readSchema
+                || SchemaTool.ACTION_RETAIN.equals(_schemaAction)
+                || SchemaTool.ACTION_REFRESH.equals(_schemaAction)) {
+                _schema = (SchemaGroup) getSchemaTool().getDBSchemaGroup().
+                    clone();
+            } else {
+                // with this we'll just read tables as different mappings
+                // look for them
+                LazySchemaFactory factory = new LazySchemaFactory();
+                factory.setConfiguration(_conf);
+                factory.setPrimaryKeys(getPrimaryKeys());
+                factory.setForeignKeys(getForeignKeys());
+                factory.setIndexes(getIndexes());
+                _schema = factory;
+            }
+
+            if (_schema.getSchemas().length == 0)
+                _schema.addSchema();
+        }
+        return _schema;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the schema to use in mapping.
+     */
+    public void setSchemaGroup(SchemaGroup schema) {
+        _schema = schema;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reset the internal repository. This is called automatically after
+     * every {@link #record}.
+     */
+    public void clear() {
+        _repos = null;
+        _schema = null;
+        _schemaTool = null;
+        _flush = false;
+        _flushSchema = false;
+        if (_dropCls != null)
+            _dropCls.clear();
+        if (_dropMap != null)
+            _dropMap.clear();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Records the changes that have been made to both the mappings and the
+     * associated schema, and clears the tool for further use. This also
+     * involves clearing the internal mapping repository.
+     */
+    public void record() {
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        MetaDataFactory io = repos.getMetaDataFactory();
+        ClassMapping[] mappings;
+        if (!ACTION_DROP.equals(_action))
+            mappings = repos.getMappings();
+        else if (_dropMap != null)
+            mappings = (ClassMapping[]) _dropMap.toArray
+                (new ClassMapping[_dropMap.size()]);
+        else
+            mappings = new ClassMapping[0];
+
+        try {
+            if (_dropCls != null && !_dropCls.isEmpty()) {
+                Class[] cls = (Class[]) _dropCls.toArray
+                    (new Class[_dropCls.size()]);
+                if (!io.drop(cls, _mode, null))
+                    _log.warn(_loc.get("bad-drop", _dropCls));
+            }
+
+            if (_flushSchema) {
+                // drop portions of the known schema that no mapping uses, and
+                // add sequences used for value generation
+                if (_dropUnused)
+                    dropUnusedSchemaComponents(mappings);
+                addSequenceComponents(mappings);
+
+                // now run the schematool as long as we're doing some schema
+                // action and the user doesn't just want an xml output
+                if (!SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE.equals(_schemaAction)
+                    && (_schemaWriter == null || (_schemaTool != null
+                    && _schemaTool.getWriter() != null))) {
+                    SchemaTool tool = getSchemaTool();
+                    tool.setSchemaGroup(getSchemaGroup());
+                    tool.run();
+                    tool.record();
+                }
+
+                // xml output of schema?
+                if (_schemaWriter != null) {
+                    // serialize the planned schema to the stream
+                    SchemaSerializer ser = new XMLSchemaSerializer(_conf);
+                    ser.addAll(getSchemaGroup());
+                    ser.serialize(_schemaWriter, ser.PRETTY);
+                    _schemaWriter.flush();
+                }
+            }
+            if (!_flush)
+                return;
+
+            QueryMetaData[] queries = repos.getQueryMetaDatas();
+            SequenceMetaData[] seqs = repos.getSequenceMetaDatas();
+            Map output = null;
+
+            // if we're outputting to stream, set all metas to same file so
+            // they get placed in single string
+            if (_mappingWriter != null) {
+                output = new HashMap();
+                File tmp = new File("openjpatmp");
+                for (int i = 0; i < mappings.length; i++)
+                    mappings[i].setSource(tmp, mappings[i].SRC_OTHER);
+                for (int i = 0; i < queries.length; i++)
+                    queries[i].setSource(tmp, queries[i].getSourceScope(),
+                        queries[i].SRC_OTHER);
+                for (int i = 0; i < seqs.length; i++)
+                    seqs[i].setSource(tmp, seqs[i].getSourceScope(),
+                        seqs[i].SRC_OTHER);
+            }
+
+            // store
+            if (!io.store(mappings, queries, seqs, _mode, output))
+                throw new MetaDataException(_loc.get("bad-store"));
+
+            // write to stream
+            if (_mappingWriter != null) {
+                PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(_mappingWriter);
+                for (Iterator itr = output.values().iterator();
+                    itr.hasNext();)
+                    out.println((String) itr.next());
+                out.flush();
+            }
+        }
+        catch (RuntimeException re) {
+            throw re;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new GeneralException(e);
+        } finally {
+            clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drops schema components that appear to be unused from the local
+     * copy of the schema group.
+     */
+    private void dropUnusedSchemaComponents(ClassMapping[] mappings) {
+        FieldMapping[] fields;
+        for (int i = 0; i < mappings.length; i++) {
+            mappings[i].refSchemaComponents();
+            mappings[i].getDiscriminator().refSchemaComponents();
+            mappings[i].getVersion().refSchemaComponents();
+            fields = mappings[i].getDefinedFieldMappings();
+            for (int j = 0; j < fields.length; j++)
+                fields[j].refSchemaComponents();
+        }
+
+        // also allow the dbdictionary to ref any schema components that
+        // it adds apart from mappings
+        SchemaGroup group = getSchemaGroup();
+        Schema[] schemas = group.getSchemas();
+        Table[] tables;
+        DBDictionary dict = _conf.getDBDictionaryInstance();
+        for (int i = 0; i < schemas.length; i++) {
+            tables = schemas[i].getTables();
+            for (int j = 0; j < tables.length; j++)
+                dict.refSchemaComponents(tables[j]);
+        }
+
+        group.removeUnusedComponents();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add tables used by sequences to the given schema.
+     */
+    private void addSequenceComponents(ClassMapping[] mappings) {
+        SchemaGroup group = getSchemaGroup();
+        for (int i = 0; i < mappings.length; i++)
+            addSequenceComponents(mappings[i], group);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add tables used by sequences to the given schema.
+     */
+    private void addSequenceComponents(ClassMapping mapping,
+        SchemaGroup group) {
+        SequenceMetaData smd = mapping.getIdentitySequenceMetaData();
+        Seq seq = null;
+        if (smd != null)
+            seq = smd.getInstance(null);
+        else if (mapping.getIdentityStrategy() == ValueStrategies.NATIVE
+            || (mapping.getIdentityStrategy() == ValueStrategies.NONE
+            && mapping.getIdentityType() == ClassMapping.ID_DATASTORE))
+            seq = _conf.getSequenceInstance();
+
+        if (seq instanceof JDBCSeq)
+            ((JDBCSeq) seq).addSchema(mapping, group);
+
+        FieldMapping[] fmds;
+        if (mapping.getEmbeddingMetaData() == null)
+            fmds = mapping.getDefinedFieldMappings();
+        else
+            fmds = mapping.getFieldMappings();
+        for (int i = 0; i < fmds.length; i++) {
+            smd = fmds[i].getValueSequenceMetaData();
+            if (smd != null) {
+                seq = smd.getInstance(null);
+                if (seq instanceof JDBCSeq)
+                    ((JDBCSeq) seq).addSchema(mapping, group);
+            } else if (fmds[i].getEmbeddedMapping() != null)
+                addSequenceComponents(fmds[i].getEmbeddedMapping(), group);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ///////////
+    // Actions
+    ///////////
+
+    /**
+     * Run the configured action on the given instance.
+     */
+    public void run(Class cls) {
+        if (ACTION_ADD.equals(_action)) {
+            if (_meta)
+                addMeta(cls);
+            else
+                add(cls);
+        } else if (ACTION_REFRESH.equals(_action))
+            refresh(cls);
+        else if (ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA.equals(_action))
+            buildSchema(cls);
+        else if (ACTION_DROP.equals(_action))
+            drop(cls);
+        else if (ACTION_VALIDATE.equals(_action))
+            validate(cls);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add the mapping for the given instance.
+     */
+    private void add(Class cls) {
+        if (cls == null)
+            return;
+
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new MappingStrategyInstaller(repos));
+        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) != null) {
+            _flush = true;
+            _flushSchema = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the mapping for the given type, or null if the type is
+     * persistence-aware.
+     */
+    private static ClassMapping getMapping(MappingRepository repos, Class cls,
+        boolean validate) {
+        // this will parse all possible metadata rsrcs looking for cls, so
+        // will detect if p-aware
+        ClassMapping mapping = repos.getMapping(cls, null, false);
+        if (mapping != null)
+            return mapping;
+        if (!validate || cls.isInterface() 
+            || repos.getPersistenceAware(cls) != null)
+            return null;
+        throw new MetaDataException(_loc.get("no-meta", cls));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a metadata for the given instance.
+     */
+    private void addMeta(Class cls) {
+        if (cls == null)
+            return;
+
+        _flush = true;
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        repos.setResolve(MODE_MAPPING, false);
+        MetaDataFactory factory = repos.getMetaDataFactory();
+        factory.getDefaults().setIgnoreNonPersistent(false);
+        factory.setStoreMode(MetaDataFactory.STORE_VERBOSE);
+
+        ClassMetaData meta = repos.addMetaData(cls);
+        FieldMetaData[] fmds = meta.getDeclaredFields();
+        for (int i = 0; i < fmds.length; i++) {
+            if (fmds[i].getDeclaredTypeCode() == JavaTypes.OBJECT
+                && fmds[i].getDeclaredType() != Object.class)
+                fmds[i].setDeclaredTypeCode(JavaTypes.PC);
+        }
+        meta.setSource(_file, meta.getSourceType());
+        meta.setResolve(MODE_META, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Refresh or add the mapping for the given instance.
+     */
+    private void refresh(Class cls) {
+        if (cls == null)
+            return;
+
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RefreshStrategyInstaller(repos));
+        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) != null) {
+            _flush = true;
+            _flushSchema = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate the mappings for the given class and its fields.
+     */
+    private void validate(Class cls) {
+        if (cls == null)
+            return;
+
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RuntimeStrategyInstaller(repos));
+        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) != null)
+            _flushSchema = !SCHEMA_ACTION_NONE.equals(_schemaAction)
+                && !SchemaTool.ACTION_ADD.equals(_schemaAction);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create the schema using the mapping for the given instance.
+     */
+    private void buildSchema(Class cls) {
+        if (cls == null)
+            return;
+
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RuntimeStrategyInstaller(repos));
+        if (getMapping(repos, cls, true) == null)
+            return;
+
+        // set any logical pks to non-logical so they get flushed
+        _flushSchema = true;
+        Schema[] schemas = _schema.getSchemas();
+        Table[] tables;
+        Column[] cols;
+        for (int i = 0; i < schemas.length; i++) {
+            tables = schemas[i].getTables();
+            for (int j = 0; j < tables.length; j++) {
+                if (tables[j].getPrimaryKey() == null)
+                    continue;
+
+                tables[j].getPrimaryKey().setLogical(false);
+                cols = tables[j].getPrimaryKey().getColumns();
+                for (int k = 0; k < cols.length; k++)
+                    cols[k].setNotNull(true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drop mapping for given class.
+     */
+    private void drop(Class cls) {
+        if (cls == null)
+            return;
+
+        if (_dropCls == null)
+            _dropCls = new HashSet();
+        _dropCls.add(cls);
+        if (!SchemaTool.ACTION_DROP.equals(_schemaAction))
+            return;
+
+        MappingRepository repos = getRepository();
+        repos.setStrategyInstaller(new RuntimeStrategyInstaller(repos));
+        ClassMapping mapping = null;
+        try {
+            mapping = repos.getMapping(cls, null, false);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+        }
+
+        if (mapping != null) {
+            _flushSchema = true;
+            if (_dropMap == null)
+                _dropMap = new HashSet();
+            _dropMap.add(mapping);
+        } else
+            _log.warn(_loc.get("no-drop-meta", cls));
+    }
+
+    ////////
+    // Main
+    ////////
+
+    /**
+     * Usage: java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool [option]* 
+     * [-action/-a &lt;refresh | add | buildSchema | drop | validate | import 
+     * | export&gt;] &lt;class name | .java file | .class file | .jdo file&gt;*
+     * Where the following options are recognized.
+     * <ul>
+     * <li><i>-properties/-p &lt;properties file or resource&gt;</i>: The
+     * path or resource name of a OpenJPA properties file containing
+     * information as outlined in {@link OpenJPAConfiguration}. Optional.</li>
+     * <li><i>-&lt;property name&gt; &lt;property value&gt;</i>: All bean
+     * properties of the OpenJPA {@link JDBCConfiguration} can be set by
+     * using their	names and supplying a value. For example:
+     * <code>-licenseKey adslfja83r3lkadf</code></li>
+     * <li><i>-file/-f &lt;stdout | output file or resource&gt;</i>: Use
+     * this option to write the planned mappings to an XML document rather
+     * than store them in the repository. This option also specifies the
+     * metadata file to write to if using the <code>add</code> action with
+     * the <code>-meta true</code> flag, or the file to dump to if using
+     * the <code>export</code> action.</li>
+     * <li><i>-schemaAction/-sa &lt;schema action | none&gt;</i>: The
+     * {@link SchemaTool} defines the actions possible. The actions will
+     * apply to all schema components used by the mappings involved.
+     * Unless you are running the mapping tool on all of your persistent
+     * types at once, be careful running schema actions that can drop data.
+     * It is possible to accidentally drop schema components that are
+     * used by classes you aren't currently running the tool over. The
+     * action defaults to <code>add</code>.</li>
+     * <li><i>-schemaFile/-sf &lt;stdout | output file or resource&gt;</i>: Use
+     * this option to write the planned schema to an XML document rather
+     * than modify the data store.</li>
+     * <li><i>-sqlFile/-sql &lt;stdout | output file or resource&gt;</i>: Use
+     * this option to write the planned schema changes as a SQL
+     * script rather than modifying the data store.</li>
+     * <li><i>-dropTables/-dt &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds to the
+     * same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
+     * <li><i>-dropSequences/-dsq &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds
+     * to the same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
+     * <li><i>-openjpaTables/-kt &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds to
+     * the same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
+     * <li><i>-ignoreErrors/-i &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Corresponds to the
+     * same-named option in the {@link SchemaTool}.</li>
+     * <li><i>-readSchema/-rs &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Set this to true
+     * to read the entire existing schema (even when false the parts of
+     * the schema used by classes the tool is run on will still be read).
+     * Turning on schema reading can ensure that no naming conflicts will
+     * occur, but it can take a long time.</li>
+     * <li><i>-primaryKeys/-pk &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether primary
+     * keys on existing tables are manipulated. Defaults to false.</li>
+     * <li><i>-foreignKeys/-fk &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether foreign
+     * keys on existing tables are manipulated. Defaults to false.</li>
+     * <li><i>-indexes/-ix &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether indexes on
+     * existing tables are manipulated. Defaults to false.</li>
+     * <li><i>-sequences/-sq &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether sequences
+     * are manipulated. Defaults to true.</li>
+     * <li><i>-schemas/-s &lt;schema and table names&gt;</i>: A list of schemas
+     * and/or tables to read. Corresponds to the
+     * same-named option in the {@link SchemaGenerator}. This option
+     * is ignored if <code>readSchema</code> is false.</li>
+     * <li><i>-meta/-m &lt;true/t | false/f&gt;</i>: Whether the given action
+     * applies to metadata as well as mappings.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *  The various actions are as follows.
+     * <ul>
+     * <li><i>refresh</i>: Bring the mapping information up-to-date
+     * with the class definitions. OpenJPA will attempt to use any provided
+     * mapping information, and fill in missing information. If the
+     * provided information conflicts with the class definition, the
+     * conflicting information will be discarded and the class/field will
+     * be re-mapped to new columns/tables. This is the default action.</li>
+     * <li><i>add</i>: If used with the <code>-meta</code> option, adds new
+     * default metadata for the given class(es). Otherwise, brings the
+     * mapping information up-to-date with the class
+     * definitions. OpenJPA will attempt to use any provided mapping
+     * information, and fill in missing information. OpenJPA will fail if
+     * the provided information conflicts with the class definition.</li>
+     * <li><i>buildSchema</i>: Create the schema matching the existing
+     * mappings for the given class(es). Any invalid mapping information
+     * will cause an exception.</li>
+     * <li><i>drop</i>: Delete mappings for the given classes. If used with
+     * the <code>-meta</code> option, also deletes metadata.</li>
+     * <li><i>validate</i>: Validate the given mappings. The mapping
+     * repository and schema will not be affected.</li>
+     * <li><i>import</i>: Import mappings from an XML document and store
+     * them as the current system mappings.</li>
+     * <li><i>export</i>: Dump the current mappings for the given classes to
+     * an XML document specified by the <code>file</code> option.</li>
+     * If used with the <code>-meta</code> option, the metadata will be
+     * included in the export.
+     * </ul>
+     *  Each class supplied as an argument must have valid metadata. If
+     * no class arguments are given, the tool runs on all metadata files in
+     * the CLASSPATH.
+     *  Examples:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>Refresh the mappings for given package, without dropping any
+     * schema components:<br />
+     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool mypackage.jdo</code></li>
+     * <li>Refresh the mappings for all persistent classes in the classpath,
+     * dropping any unused columns and even tables:<br />
+     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool -sa refresh
+     * -dt true</code></li>
+     * <li>Make sure the mappings you've created by hand match the object
+     * model and schema:<br />
+     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jbdc.meta.MappingTool
+     * -a validate Person.java</code></li>
+     * <li>Remove the recorded mapping for a given class:<br />
+     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jbdc.meta.MappingTool
+     * -a drop Person.java</code></li>
+     * <li>Record the current mappings in an XML file:<br />
+     * <code>java org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.meta.MappingTool
+     * -f mypackage.orm -a export mypackage.jdo</code></li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args)
+        throws IOException, SQLException {
+        Options opts = new Options();
+        args = opts.setFromCmdLine(args);
+        JDBCConfiguration conf = new JDBCConfigurationImpl();
+        try {
+            if (!run(conf, args, opts))
+                System.err.println(_loc.get("tool-usage"));
+        } finally {
+            conf.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run the tool. Returns false if invalid options are given.
+     *
+     * @see #main
+     */
+    public static boolean run(JDBCConfiguration conf, String[] args,
+        Options opts)
+        throws IOException, SQLException {
+        if (opts.containsKey("help") || opts.containsKey("-help"))
+            return false;
+
+        // flags
+        Flags flags = new Flags();
+        flags.action = opts.removeProperty("action", "a", flags.action);
+        flags.schemaAction = opts.removeProperty("schemaAction", "sa",
+            flags.schemaAction);
+        flags.dropTables = opts.removeBooleanProperty
+            ("dropTables", "dt", flags.dropTables);
+        flags.openjpaTables = opts.removeBooleanProperty
+            ("openjpaTables", "ot", flags.openjpaTables);
+        flags.dropSequences = opts.removeBooleanProperty
+            ("dropSequences", "dsq", flags.dropSequences);
+        flags.readSchema = opts.removeBooleanProperty
+            ("readSchema", "rs", flags.readSchema);
+        flags.primaryKeys = opts.removeBooleanProperty
+            ("primaryKeys", "pk", flags.primaryKeys);
+        flags.indexes = opts.removeBooleanProperty("indexes", "ix",
+            flags.indexes);
+        flags.foreignKeys = opts.removeBooleanProperty("foreignKeys", "fk",
+            flags.foreignKeys);
+        flags.sequences = opts.removeBooleanProperty("sequences", "sq",
+            flags.sequences);
+        flags.ignoreErrors = opts.removeBooleanProperty
+            ("ignoreErrors", "i", flags.ignoreErrors);
+        flags.meta = opts.removeBooleanProperty("meta", "m", flags.meta);
+        String fileName = opts.removeProperty("file", "f", null);
+        String schemaFileName = opts.removeProperty("schemaFile", "sf", null);
+        String sqlFileName = opts.removeProperty("sqlFile", "sql", null);
+        String schemas = opts.removeProperty("s");
+        if (schemas != null)
+            opts.setProperty("schemas", schemas);
+
+        Configurations.populateConfiguration(conf, opts);
+        ClassLoader loader = conf.getClassResolverInstance().
+            getClassLoader(MappingTool.class, null);
+        if (flags.meta && ACTION_ADD.equals(flags.action))
+            flags.metaDataFile = Files.getFile(fileName, loader);
+        else
+            flags.mappingWriter = Files.getWriter(fileName, loader);
+        flags.schemaWriter = Files.getWriter(schemaFileName, loader);
+        flags.sqlWriter = Files.getWriter(sqlFileName, loader);
+
+        return run(conf, args, flags, loader);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run the tool. Return false if an invalid option was given.
+     */
+    public static boolean run(JDBCConfiguration conf, String[] args,
+        Flags flags, ClassLoader loader)
+        throws IOException, SQLException {
+        // default action based on whether the mapping defaults fills in
+        // missing info
+        if (flags.action == null) {
+            if (conf.getMappingDefaultsInstance().defaultMissingInfo())
+                flags.action = ACTION_BUILD_SCHEMA;
+            else
+                flags.action = ACTION_REFRESH;
+        }
+
+        // collect the classes to act on
+        Log log = conf.getLog(OpenJPAConfiguration.LOG_TOOL);
+        Collection classes = null;
+        if (args.length == 0) {
+            if (ACTION_IMPORT.equals(flags.action))
+                return false;
+            log.info(_loc.get("running-all-classes"));
+            classes = conf.getMappingRepositoryInstance().
+                loadPersistentTypes(true, loader);
+        } else {
+            classes = new HashSet();
+            ClassArgParser classParser = conf.getMetaDataRepositoryInstance().
+                getMetaDataFactory().newClassArgParser();
+            classParser.setClassLoader(loader);
+            Class[] parsed;
+            for (int i = 0; args != null && i < args.length; i++) {
+                parsed = classParser.parseTypes(args[i]);
+                classes.addAll(Arrays.asList(parsed));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Class[] act = (Class[]) classes.toArray(new Class[classes.size()]);
+        if (ACTION_EXPORT.equals(flags.action)) {
+            // run exports until the first export succeeds
+            ImportExport[] instances = newImportExports();
+            for (int i = 0; i < instances.length; i++) {
+                if (instances[i].exportMappings(conf, act, flags.meta, log,
+                    flags.mappingWriter))
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (ACTION_IMPORT.equals(flags.action)) {
+            // run exports until the first export succeeds
+            ImportExport[] instances = newImportExports();
+            for (int i = 0; i < instances.length; i++) {
+                if (instances[i].importMappings(conf, act, args, flags.meta,
+                    log, loader))
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        MappingTool tool;
+        try {
+            tool = new MappingTool(conf, flags.action, flags.meta);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // setup the tool
+        tool.setIgnoreErrors(flags.ignoreErrors);
+        tool.setMetaDataFile(flags.metaDataFile);
+        tool.setMappingWriter(flags.mappingWriter);
+        tool.setSchemaAction(flags.schemaAction);
+        tool.setSchemaWriter(flags.schemaWriter);
+        tool.setReadSchema(flags.readSchema
+            && !ACTION_VALIDATE.equals(flags.action));
+        tool.setPrimaryKeys(flags.primaryKeys);
+        tool.setForeignKeys(flags.foreignKeys);
+        tool.setIndexes(flags.indexes);
+        tool.setSequences(flags.sequences || flags.dropSequences);
+
+        // make sure to do this after other settings so that other settings
+        // are passed on to schema tool
+        tool.getSchemaTool().setDropTables(flags.dropTables);
+        tool.getSchemaTool().setDropSequences(flags.dropSequences);
+        tool.getSchemaTool().setWriter(flags.sqlWriter);
+        tool.getSchemaTool().setOpenJPATables(flags.openjpaTables);
+
+        // and run the action
+        for (int i = 0; i < act.length; i++) {
+            log.info(_loc.get("tool-running", act[i], flags.action));
+            if (i == 0 && flags.readSchema)
+                log.info(_loc.get("tool-time"));
+            tool.run(act[i]);
+        }
+        log.info(_loc.get("tool-record"));
+        tool.record();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an {@link ImportExport} instance.
+     */
+    private static ImportExport[] newImportExports() {
+        try {
+            Class[] types = Services.getImplementorClasses(ImportExport.class);
+            ImportExport[] instances = new ImportExport[types.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++)
+                instances[i] = (ImportExport) types[i].newInstance();
+            return instances;
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            throw new InternalException(_loc.get("importexport-instantiate"),t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run flags.
+     */
+    public static class Flags {
+
+        public String action = null;
+        public boolean meta = false;
+        public String schemaAction = SchemaTool.ACTION_ADD;
+        public File metaDataFile = null;
+        public Writer mappingWriter = null;
+        public Writer schemaWriter = null;
+        public Writer sqlWriter = null;
+        public boolean ignoreErrors = false;
+        public boolean readSchema = false;
+        public boolean dropTables = false;
+        public boolean openjpaTables = false;
+        public boolean dropSequences = false;
+        public boolean sequences = true;
+        public boolean primaryKeys = false;
+        public boolean foreignKeys = false;
+        public boolean indexes = false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper used to import and export mapping data.
+     */
+    public static interface ImportExport {
+
+        /**
+         * Import mappings for the given classes based on the given arguments.
+         */
+        public boolean importMappings(JDBCConfiguration conf, Class[] act,
+            String[] args, boolean meta, Log log, ClassLoader loader)
+            throws IOException;
+
+        /**
+         * Export mappings for the given classes based on the given arguments.
+         */
+        public boolean exportMappings(JDBCConfiguration conf, Class[] act,
+            boolean meta, Log log, Writer writer)
+            throws IOException;
+    }
+}

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