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Posted to commits@tajo.apache.org by ji...@apache.org on 2016/05/19 02:00:27 UTC
svn commit: r1744489 [29/43] - in /tajo/site/docs: 0.11.3/ 0.11.3/_sources/
0.11.3/_sources/backup_and_restore/ 0.11.3/_sources/configuration/
0.11.3/_sources/functions/ 0.11.3/_sources/index/
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Added: tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/orc.html
URL: http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/orc.html?rev=1744489&view=auto
==============================================================================
--- tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/orc.html (added)
+++ tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/orc.html Thu May 19 02:00:25 2016
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+ <div class="section" id="orc">
+<h1>ORC<a class="headerlink" href="#orc" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p><strong>ORC(Optimized Row Columnar)</strong> is a columnar storage format from Hive. ORC improves performance for reading,
+writing, and processing data.
+For more details, please refer to <a class="reference external" href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+ORC">ORC Files</a> at Hive wiki.</p>
+<div class="section" id="how-to-create-an-orc-table">
+<h2>How to Create an ORC Table?<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-create-an-orc-table" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>If you are not familiar with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">TABLE</span></tt> statement, please refer to Data Definition Language <a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/ddl.html"><em>Data Definition Language</em></a>.</p>
+<p>In order to specify a certain file format for your table, you need to use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">USING</span></tt> clause in your <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">TABLE</span></tt>
+statement. Below is an example statement for creating a table using orc files.</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="nb">text</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="n">orc</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="physical-properties">
+<h2>Physical Properties<a class="headerlink" href="#physical-properties" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Some table storage formats provide parameters for enabling or disabling features and adjusting physical parameters.
+The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH</span></tt> clause in the CREATE TABLE statement allows users to set those parameters.</p>
+<p>Now, ORC file provides the following physical properties.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orc.max.merge.distance</span></tt>: When ORC file is read, if stripes are too closer and the distance is lower than this value, they are merged and read at once. Default is 1MB.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orc.stripe.size</span></tt>: It decides size of each stripe. Default is 64MB.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orc.compression.kind</span></tt>: It means the compression algorithm used to compress and write data. It should be one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">snappy</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">zlib</span></tt>. Default is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt>.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orc.buffer.size</span></tt>: It decides size of writing buffer. Default is 256KB.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orc.rowindex.stride</span></tt>: Define the default ORC index stride in number of rows. (Stride is the number of rows an index entry represents.) Default is 10000.</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="compatibility-issues-with-apache-hive">
+<h2>Compatibility Issues with Apache Hive™<a class="headerlink" href="#compatibility-issues-with-apache-hive" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>At the moment, Tajo only supports flat relational tables.
+We are currently working on adding support for nested schemas and non-scalar types (<a class="reference external" href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/TAJO-710">TAJO-710</a>).</p>
+</div>
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Added: tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/parquet.html
URL: http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/parquet.html?rev=1744489&view=auto
==============================================================================
--- tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/parquet.html (added)
+++ tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/parquet.html Thu May 19 02:00:25 2016
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
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+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration.html">Configuration</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/preliminary.html">Preliminary</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/cluster_setup.html">Cluster Setup</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/tajo_master_configuration.html">Tajo Master Configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/worker_configuration.html">Worker Configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/catalog_configuration.html">Catalog Configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/ha_configuration.html">High Availability for TajoMaster</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/service_config_defaults.html">Cluster Service Configuration Defaults</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/tajo-site-xml.html">The tajo-site.xml File</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/catalog-site-xml.html">The catalog-site.xml File</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/storage-site-json.html">The storage-site.json File</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql.html">Tajo Shell (TSQL)</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/meta_command.html">Meta Commands</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/dfs_command.html">Executing HDFS commands</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/variables.html">Session Variables</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/admin_command.html">Administration Commands</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/intro.html">Introducing to TSQL</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/single_command.html">Executing a single command</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/execute_file.html">Executing Queries from Files</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/background_command.html">Executing as background process</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language.html">SQL Language</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/data_model.html">Data Model</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/ddl.html">Data Definition Language</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/insert.html">INSERT (OVERWRITE) INTO</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/alter_table.html">ALTER TABLE</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/queries.html">Queries</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/joins.html">Joins</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/sql_expression.html">SQL Expressions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/predicates.html">Predicates</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/explain.html">EXPLAIN</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../time_zone.html">Time Zone</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../time_zone.html#server-cluster-time-zone">Server Cluster Time Zone</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../time_zone.html#table-time-zone">Table Time Zone</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../time_zone.html#client-time-zone">Client Time Zone</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../time_zone.html#time-zone-id">Time Zone ID</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../time_zone.html#examples-of-time-zone">Examples of Time Zone</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../functions.html">Functions</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../functions.html#built-in-scalar-functions">Built-in Scalar Functions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../functions.html#built-in-aggregation-functions">Built-in Aggregation Functions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../functions.html#built-in-window-functions">Built-in Window Functions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../functions.html#user-defined-functions">User-defined Functions</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../table_management.html">Table Management</a><ul class="current">
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="table_overview.html">Overview of Tajo Tables</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tablespaces.html">Tablespaces</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="reference internal" href="data_formats.html">Data Formats</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html">Compression</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../table_partitioning.html">Table Partitioning</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../partitioning/intro_to_partitioning.html">Introduction to Partitioning</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../partitioning/column_partitioning.html">Column Partitioning</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../partitioning/range_partitioning.html">Range Partitioning</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../partitioning/hash_partitioning.html">Hash Partitioning</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../storage_plugins.html">Storage Plugin</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../storage_plugins/overview.html">Storage Plugin Overview</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../storage_plugins/postgresql.html">PostgreSQL Storage Handler</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../index_overview.html">Index (Experimental Feature)</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../index/types.html">Index Types</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../index/how_to_use.html">How to use index?</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../index/future_work.html">Future Works</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../backup_and_restore.html">Backup and Restore</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../backup_and_restore/catalog.html">Backup and Restore Catalog</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../hive_integration.html">Hive Integration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../hbase_integration.html">HBase Integration</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../hbase_integration.html#create-table">CREATE TABLE</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../hbase_integration.html#drop-table">DROP TABLE</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../hbase_integration.html#insert-overwrite-into">INSERT (OVERWRITE) INTO</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../hbase_integration.html#usage">Usage</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../swift_integration.html">OpenStack Swift Integration</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../swift_integration.html#swift-configuration">Swift configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../swift_integration.html#hadoop-configurations">Hadoop configurations</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../swift_integration.html#tajo-configuration">Tajo configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../swift_integration.html#querying-on-swift">Querying on Swift</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../jdbc_driver.html">Tajo JDBC Driver</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../jdbc_driver.html#how-to-get-jdbc-driver">How to get JDBC driver</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../jdbc_driver.html#setting-the-classpath">Setting the CLASSPATH</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../jdbc_driver.html#connecting-to-the-tajo-cluster-instance">Connecting to the Tajo cluster instance</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../jdbc_driver.html#connection-parameters">Connection Parameters</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../jdbc_driver.html#an-example-jdbc-client">An Example JDBC Client</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../tajo_client_api.html">Tajo Client API</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+ </div>
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+ </nav>
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+ <li><a href="../index.html">Docs</a> »</li>
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+ <li><a href="../table_management.html">Table Management</a> »</li>
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+
+ <li>Parquet</li>
+ <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside">
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+</div>
+ <div role="main">
+
+ <div class="section" id="parquet">
+<h1>Parquet<a class="headerlink" href="#parquet" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>Parquet is a columnar storage format for Hadoop. Parquet is designed to make the advantages of compressed,
+efficient columnar data representation available to any project in the Hadoop ecosystem,
+regardless of the choice of data processing framework, data model, or programming language.
+For more details, please refer to <a class="reference external" href="http://parquet.io/">Parquet File Format</a>.</p>
+<div class="section" id="how-to-create-a-parquet-table">
+<h2>How to Create a Parquet Table?<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-create-a-parquet-table" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>If you are not familiar with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">TABLE</span></tt> statement, please refer to Data Definition Language <a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/ddl.html"><em>Data Definition Language</em></a>.</p>
+<p>In order to specify a certain file format for your table, you need to use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">USING</span></tt> clause in your <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">TABLE</span></tt>
+statement. Below is an example statement for creating a table using parquet files.</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="nb">text</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="n">PARQUET</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="physical-properties">
+<h2>Physical Properties<a class="headerlink" href="#physical-properties" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Some table storage formats provide parameters for enabling or disabling features and adjusting physical parameters.
+The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH</span></tt> clause in the CREATE TABLE statement allows users to set those parameters.</p>
+<p>Now, Parquet file provides the following physical properties.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">parquet.block.size</span></tt>: The block size is the size of a row group being buffered in memory. This limits the memory usage when writing. Larger values will improve the I/O when reading but consume more memory when writing. Default size is 134217728 bytes (= 128 * 1024 * 1024).</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">parquet.page.size</span></tt>: The page size is for compression. When reading, each page can be decompressed independently. A block is composed of pages. The page is the smallest unit that must be read fully to access a single record. If this value is too small, the compression will deteriorate. Default size is 1048576 bytes (= 1 * 1024 * 1024).</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">parquet.compression</span></tt>: The compression algorithm used to compress pages. It should be one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uncompressed</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">snappy</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gzip</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lzo</span></tt>. Default is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uncompressed</span></tt>.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">parquet.enable.dictionary</span></tt>: The boolean value is to enable/disable dictionary encoding. It should be one of either <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">false</span></tt>. Default is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt>.</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="compatibility-issues-with-apache-hive">
+<h2>Compatibility Issues with Apache Hive™<a class="headerlink" href="#compatibility-issues-with-apache-hive" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>At the moment, Tajo only supports flat relational tables.
+As a result, Tajo’s Parquet storage type does not support nested schemas.
+However, we are currently working on adding support for nested schemas and non-scalar types (<a class="reference external" href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/TAJO-710">TAJO-710</a>).</p>
+</div>
+</div>
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Added: tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/rcfile.html
URL: http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/rcfile.html?rev=1744489&view=auto
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--- tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/rcfile.html (added)
+++ tajo/site/docs/0.11.3/table_management/rcfile.html Thu May 19 02:00:25 2016
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
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+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../getting_started.html#build-source-code">Build source code</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../getting_started.html#setting-up-a-local-tajo-cluster">Setting up a local Tajo cluster</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../getting_started.html#first-query-execution">First query execution</a></li>
+</ul>
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+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/preliminary.html">Preliminary</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/cluster_setup.html">Cluster Setup</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/tajo_master_configuration.html">Tajo Master Configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/worker_configuration.html">Worker Configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/catalog_configuration.html">Catalog Configuration</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/ha_configuration.html">High Availability for TajoMaster</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/service_config_defaults.html">Cluster Service Configuration Defaults</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/tajo-site-xml.html">The tajo-site.xml File</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/catalog-site-xml.html">The catalog-site.xml File</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/storage-site-json.html">The storage-site.json File</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql.html">Tajo Shell (TSQL)</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/meta_command.html">Meta Commands</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/dfs_command.html">Executing HDFS commands</a></li>
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+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/single_command.html">Executing a single command</a></li>
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+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tsql/background_command.html">Executing as background process</a></li>
+</ul>
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+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/insert.html">INSERT (OVERWRITE) INTO</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/alter_table.html">ALTER TABLE</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/queries.html">Queries</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/joins.html">Joins</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/sql_expression.html">SQL Expressions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/predicates.html">Predicates</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/explain.html">EXPLAIN</a></li>
+</ul>
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+ <div class="section" id="rcfile">
+<h1>RCFile<a class="headerlink" href="#rcfile" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>RCFile, short of Record Columnar File, are flat files consisting of binary key/value pairs,
+which shares many similarities with SequenceFile.</p>
+<div class="section" id="how-to-create-a-rcfile-table">
+<h2>How to Create a RCFile Table?<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-create-a-rcfile-table" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>If you are not familiar with the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">TABLE</span></tt> statement, please refer to the Data Definition Language <a class="reference internal" href="../sql_language/ddl.html"><em>Data Definition Language</em></a>.</p>
+<p>In order to specify a certain file format for your table, you need to use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">USING</span></tt> clause in your <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">TABLE</span></tt>
+statement. Below is an example statement for creating a table using RCFile.</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="nb">text</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="n">RCFILE</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="physical-properties">
+<h2>Physical Properties<a class="headerlink" href="#physical-properties" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Some table storage formats provide parameters for enabling or disabling features and adjusting physical parameters.
+The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH</span></tt> clause in the CREATE TABLE statement allows users to set those parameters.</p>
+<p>Now, the RCFile storage type provides the following physical properties.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rcfile.serde</span></tt> : custom (De)serializer class. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.tajo.storage.BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt> is the default (de)serializer class.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rcfile.null</span></tt> : NULL character. It is only used when a table uses <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.tajo.storage.TextSerializerDeserializer</span></tt>. The default NULL character is an empty string <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></tt>. Hive’s default NULL character is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'\\N'</span></tt>.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">compression.codec</span></tt> : Compression codec. You can enable compression feature and set specified compression algorithm. The compression algorithm used to compress files. The compression codec name should be the fully qualified class name inherited from <a class="reference external" href="https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/current/api/org/apache/hadoop/io/compress/CompressionCodec.html">org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodec</a>. By default, compression is disabled.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>The following is an example for creating a table using RCFile that uses compression.</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="nb">text</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="n">RCFILE</span> <span class="k">WITH</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'compression.codec'</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.SnappyCodec'</span><span class="p">);</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="rcfile-de-serializers">
+<h2>RCFile (De)serializers<a class="headerlink" href="#rcfile-de-serializers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Tajo provides two built-in (De)serializer for RCFile:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.tajo.storage.TextSerializerDeserializer</span></tt>: stores column values in a plain-text form.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.tajo.storage.BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt>: stores column values in a binary file format.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>The RCFile format can store some metadata in the RCFile header. Tajo writes the (de)serializer class name into
+the metadata header of each RCFile when the RCFile is created in Tajo.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.tajo.storage.BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt> is the default (de) serializer for RCFile.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="compatibility-issues-with-apache-hive">
+<h2>Compatibility Issues with Apache Hive™<a class="headerlink" href="#compatibility-issues-with-apache-hive" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Regardless of whether the RCFiles are written by Apache Hive™ or Apache Tajo™, the files are compatible in both systems.
+In other words, Tajo can process RCFiles written by Apache Hive and vice versa.</p>
+<p>Since there are no metadata in RCFiles written by Hive, we need to manually specify the (de)serializer class name
+by setting a physical property.</p>
+<p>In Hive, there are two SerDe, and they correspond to the following (de)serializer in Tajo.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.columnar.ColumnarSerDe</span></tt>: corresponds to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TextSerializerDeserializer</span></tt> in Tajo.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.columnar.LazyBinaryColumnarSerDe</span></tt>: corresponds to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt> in Tajo.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>The compatibility issue mostly occurs when a user creates an external table pointing to data of an existing table.
+The following section explains two cases: 1) the case where Tajo reads RCFile written by Hive, and
+2) the case where Hive reads RCFile written by Tajo.</p>
+<div class="section" id="when-tajo-reads-rcfile-generated-in-hive">
+<h3>When Tajo reads RCFile generated in Hive<a class="headerlink" href="#when-tajo-reads-rcfile-generated-in-hive" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>To create an external RCFile table generated with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ColumnarSerDe</span></tt> in Hive,
+you should set the physical property <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rcfile.serde</span></tt> in Tajo as follows:</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="nb">text</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="n">RCFILE</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">'rcfile.serde'</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'org.apache.tajo.storage.TextSerializerDeserializer'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'rcfile.null'</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'\\N'</span> <span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="s1">'....'</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>To create an external RCFile table generated with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LazyBinaryColumnarSerDe</span></tt> in Hive,
+you should set the physical property <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rcfile.serde</span></tt> in Tajo as follows:</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="nb">text</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="n">RCFILE</span> <span class="k">WITH</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'rcfile.serde'</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'org.apache.tajo.storage.BinarySerializerDeserializer'</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="s1">'....'</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">As we mentioned above, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt> is the default (de) serializer for RCFile.
+So, you can omit the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rcfile.serde</span></tt> only for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">org.apache.tajo.storage.BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="when-hive-reads-rcfile-generated-in-tajo">
+<h3>When Hive reads RCFile generated in Tajo<a class="headerlink" href="#when-hive-reads-rcfile-generated-in-tajo" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>To create an external RCFile table written by Tajo with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TextSerializerDeserializer</span></tt>,
+you should set the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SERDE</span></tt> as follows:</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="n">string</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="n">string</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">ROW</span> <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="n">SERDE</span> <span class="s1">'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.columnar.ColumnarSerDe'</span> <span class="n">STORED</span> <span class="k">AS</span> <span class="n">RCFILE</span>
+<span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="s1">'<hdfs_location>'</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>To create an external RCFile table written by Tajo with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BinarySerializerDeserializer</span></tt>,
+you should set the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SERDE</span></tt> as follows:</p>
+<div class="highlight-sql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">table1</span> <span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="n">id</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">name</span> <span class="n">string</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="n">score</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span>
+ <span class="k">type</span> <span class="n">string</span>
+<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">ROW</span> <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="n">SERDE</span> <span class="s1">'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.columnar.LazyBinaryColumnarSerDe'</span> <span class="n">STORED</span> <span class="k">AS</span> <span class="n">RCFILE</span>
+<span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="s1">'<hdfs_location>'</span><span class="p">;</span>
+</pre></div>
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