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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 (8.0.0-dev) - Apache Portable Runtime (APR) based Native library for Tomcat</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="
manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li
><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/i
ndex.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/index.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Portable Runtime (APR) based Native library for Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><bloc
kquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a><ol><li><a href="#Windows">Windows</a></li><li><a href="#Linux">Linux</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#APR_Components">APR Components</a></li><li><a href="#APR_Lifecycle_Listener_Configuration">APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration</a><ol><li><a href="#AprLifecycleListener">AprLifecycleListener</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#APR_Connectors_Configuration">APR Connectors Configuration</a><ol><li><a href="#HTTP/HTTPS">HTTP/HTTPS</a></li><li><a href="#AJP">AJP</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ Tomcat can use the <a href="http://apr.apache.org/">Apache Portable Runtime</a> to
+ provide superior scalability, performance, and better integration with native server
+ technologies. The Apache Portable Runtime is a highly portable library that is at
+ the heart of Apache HTTP Server 2.x. APR has many uses, including access to advanced IO
+ functionality (such as sendfile, epoll and OpenSSL), OS level functionality (random number
+ generation, system status, etc), and native process handling (shared memory, NT
+ pipes and Unix sockets).
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ These features allows making Tomcat a general purpose webserver, will enable much better
+ integration with other native web technologies, and overall make Java much more viable as
+ a full fledged webserver platform rather than simply a backend focused technology.
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ APR support requires three main native components to be installed:
+ <ul>
+ <li>APR library</li>
+ <li>JNI wrappers for APR used by Tomcat (libtcnative)</li>
+ <li>OpenSSL libraries</li>
+ </ul>
+ </p>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Windows"><strong>Windows</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ Windows binaries are provided for tcnative-1, which is a statically compiled .dll which includes
+ OpenSSL and APR. It can be downloaded from <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/download-native.cgi">here</a>
+ as 32bit or AMD x86-64 binaries.
+ In security conscious production environments, it is recommended to use separate shared dlls
+ for OpenSSL, APR, and libtcnative-1, and update them as needed according to security bulletins.
+ Windows OpenSSL binaries are linked from the <a href="http://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
+ website</a> (see related/binaries).
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Linux"><strong>Linux</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ Most Linux distributions will ship packages for APR and OpenSSL. The JNI wrapper (libtcnative) will
+ then have to be compiled. It depends on APR, OpenSSL, and the Java headers.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ Requirements:
+ <ul>
+ <li>APR 1.2+ development headers (libapr1-dev package)</li>
+ <li>OpenSSL 0.9.7+ development headers (libssl-dev package)</li>
+ <li>JNI headers from Java compatible JDK 1.4+</li>
+ <li>GNU development environment (gcc, make)</li>
+ </ul>
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ The wrapper library sources are located in the Tomcat binary bundle, in the
+ <code>bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz</code> archive.
+ Once the build environment is installed and the source archive is extracted, the wrapper library
+ can be compiled using (from the folder containing the configure script):
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>./configure && make && make install</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></
td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Components"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Components"><strong>APR Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>
+ Once the libraries are properly installed and available to Java (if loading fails, the library path
+ will be displayed), the Tomcat connectors will automatically use APR. Configuration of the connectors
+ is similar to the regular connectors, but have a few extra attributes which are used to configure
+ APR components. Note that the defaults should be well tuned for most use cases, and additional
+ tweaking shouldn't be required.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>
+ When APR is enabled, the following features are also enabled in Tomcat:
+ <ul>
+ <li>Secure session ID generation by default on all platforms (platforms other than Linux required
+ random number generation using a configured entropy)</li>
+ <li>OS level statistics on memory usage and CPU usage by the Tomcat process are displayed by
+ the status servlet</li>
+ </ul>
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Lifecycle_Listener_Configuration"><strong>APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="AprLifecycleListener"><strong>AprLifecycleListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <attribute name="SSLEngine" required="false">
+ <p>
+ Name of the SSLEngine to use. off: Do not use SSL, on: Use SSL but no specific ENGINE.
+ The default value is <b>on</b>.
+ This initializes the native SSL engine, then enable the use of this engine in the connector
+ using the <code>SSLEnabled</code> attribute. Example:
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
+ </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </p>
+ <p>See the <a href="http://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
+ website</a> for more details on SSL hardware engines and manufacturers.
+ </p>
+ </attribute>
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Connectors Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Connectors_Configuration"><strong>APR Connectors Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP/HTTPS"><strong>HTTP/HTTPS</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>For HTTP configuration, see the <a href="config/http.html">HTTP</a>
+ connector configuration documentation.</p>
+
+ <p>For HTTPS configuration, see the
+ <a href="config/http.html#SSL%20Support">HTTPS</a> connector configuration
+ documentation.</p>
+
+ <p>An example SSL Connector declaration is:
+ <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+ <Connector port="443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
+ maxThreads="150"
+ enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
+ acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"
+ SSLEnabled="true"
+ SSLCertificateFile="${catalina.base}/conf/localhost.crt"
+ SSLCertificateKeyFile="${catalina.base}/conf/localhost.key" /></pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+ </p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="AJP"><strong>AJP</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+ <p>For AJP configuration, see the <a href="config/ajp.html">AJP</a>
+ connector configuration documentation.</p>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+ </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
+ to our <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
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--- tomcat/site/trunk/docs/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/index.html (added)
+++ tomcat/site/trunk/docs/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/index.html Wed Dec 5 20:20:35 2012
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 Architecture (8.0.0-dev) - Table of Contents</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.htm
l">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Table of Contents</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Preface"><strong>Preface</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This section of the Tomcat documentation attempts to explain
+the architecture and design of the Tomcat server. It includes significant
+contributions from several tomcat developers:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Yoav Shapira
+ (<a href="mailto:yoavs@apache.org">yoavs@apache.org</a>)</li>
+<li>Jeanfrancois Arcand
+ (<a href="mailto:jfarcand@apache.org">jfarcand@apache.org</a>)</li>
+<li>Filip Hanik
+ (<a href="mailto:fhanik@apache.org">fhanik@apache.org</a>)</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The information presented is divided into the following sections:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="overview.html"><strong>Overview</strong></a> -
+ An overview of the Tomcat server architecture with key terms
+ and concepts.</li>
+<li><a href="startup.html"><strong>Server Startup</strong></a> -
+ A detailed description, with sequence diagrams, of how the Tomcat
+ server starts up.</li>
+<li><a href="requestProcess.html"><strong>Request Process Flow</strong></a> -
+ A detailed description of how Tomcat handles a request.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
+ to our <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+ var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+ var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/index.html';
+ (function(w, d) {
+ if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+ var s = d.createElement('script');
+ s.type = 'text/javascript';
+ s.async = true;
+ s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+ (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+ }
+ else {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.</strong><\/div>');
+ }
+ })(window, document);
+ //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 Architecture (8.0.0-dev) - Architecture Overview</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.htm
l">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Architecture Overview</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+This page provides an overview of the Tomcat server architecture.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Terms"><strong>Terms</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server"><strong>Server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+In the Tomcat world, a
+<a href="../config/server.html">Server</a> represents the whole container.
+Tomcat provides a default implementation of the
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Server.html">Server interface</a>
+which is rarely customized by users.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Service"><strong>Service</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A <a href="../config/service.html">Service</a> is an intermediate component
+which lives inside a Server and ties one or more Connectors to exactly one
+Engine. The Service element is rarely customized by users, as the default
+implementation is simple and sufficient:
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Service.html">Service interface</a>.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Engine"><strong>Engine</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+An
+<a href="../config/engine.html">Engine</a> represents request processing
+pipeline for a specific Service. As a Service may have multiple Connectors,
+the Engine received and processes all requests from these connectors, handing
+the response back to the appropriate connector for transmission to the client.
+The <a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Engine.html">Engine interface</a>
+may be implemented to supply custom Engines, though this is uncommon.
+</p>
+<p>
+Note that the Engine may be used for Tomcat server clustering via the
+jvmRoute parameter. Read the Clustering documentation for more information.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Host"><strong>Host</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A <a href="../config/host.html">Host</a> is an association of a network name,
+e.g. www.yourcompany.com, to the Tomcat server. An Engine may contain
+multiple hosts, and the Host element also supports network aliases such as
+yourcompany.com and abc.yourcompany.com. Users rarely create custom
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Host.html">Hosts</a>
+because the
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardHost.html">StandardHost
+implementation</a> provides significant additional functionality.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connector"><strong>Connector</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A Connector handles communications with the client. There are multiple
+connectors available with Tomcat. These include the
+<a href="../config/http.html">HTTP connector</a> which is used for
+most HTTP traffic, especially when running Tomcat as a standalone server,
+and the <a href="../config/ajp.html">AJP connector</a> which implements
+the AJP procotol used when connecting Tomcat to a web server such as
+Apache HTTPD server. Creating a customized connector is a significant
+effort.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context"><strong>Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A
+<a href="../config/context.html">Context</a>
+represents a web application. A Host may contain multiple
+contexts, each with a unique path. The
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Context.html">Context
+interface</a> may be implemented to create custom Contexts, but
+this is rarely the case because the
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardContext.html">
+StandardContext</a> provides significant additional functionality.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Comments"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+Tomcat is designed to be a fast and efficient implementation of the
+Servlet Specification. Tomcat came about as the reference implementation
+of this specification, and has remained rigorous in adhering to the
+specification. At the same time, significant attention has been paid
+to Tomcat's performance and it is now on par with other servlet containers,
+including commercial ones.
+</p>
+<p>
+In recent releases of Tomcat, mostly starting with Tomcat 5,
+we have begun efforts to make more aspects of Tomcat manageable via
+JMX. In addition, the Manager and Admin webapps have been greatly
+enhanced and improved. Manageability is a primary area of concern
+for us as the product matures and the specification becomes more
+stable.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
+ to our <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+ var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+ var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/overview.html';
+ (function(w, d) {
+ if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+ var s = d.createElement('script');
+ s.type = 'text/javascript';
+ s.async = true;
+ s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+ (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+ }
+ else {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.</strong><\/div>');
+ }
+ })(window, document);
+ //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 Architecture (8.0.0-dev) - Request Process Flow</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.htm
l">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Request Process Flow</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Process Flow"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Process_Flow"><strong>Request Process Flow</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+This page describes the process used by Tomcat to handle
+an incoming request. This process is largely defined by
+the Servlet Specification, which outlines the order
+of events that must take place.
+</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="description"><strong>description</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+TODO
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="diagram"><strong>diagram</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A UML sequence diagram of the request process is available
+<a href="requestProcess/requestProcess.pdf">here.</a>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments"><strong>comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+The Servlet Specification provides many opportunities for
+listening in (using Listeners) or modifying (using Filters)
+the request handling process even before the request arrives
+at the servlet that will handle it.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
+ to our <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+ var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+ var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/requestProcess.html';
+ (function(w, d) {
+ if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+ var s = d.createElement('script');
+ s.type = 'text/javascript';
+ s.async = true;
+ s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+ (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+ }
+ else {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.</strong><\/div>');
+ }
+ })(window, document);
+ //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 Architecture (8.0.0-dev) - Startup</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.htm
l">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Startup</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server Startup"><!--()--></a><a name="Server_Startup"><strong>Server Startup</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+This page describes how the Tomcat server starts up. There are several
+different ways to start tomcat, including:
+<ul>
+ <li>From the command line.</li>
+ <li>From a Java program as an embedded server.</li>
+ <li>Automatically as a Windows service.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="description"><strong>description</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A text description of the startup procedure is available
+<a href="startup/serverStartup.txt">here.</a>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="diagram"><strong>diagram</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A UML sequence diagram of the startup procedure is available
+<a href="startup/serverStartup.pdf">here.</a>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments"><strong>comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+The startup process can be customized in many ways, both
+by modifying Tomcat code and by implementing your own
+LifecycleListeners which are then registered in the server.xml
+configuration file.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
+ to our <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+ var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+ var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/startup.html';
+ (function(w, d) {
+ if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+ var s = d.createElement('script');
+ s.type = 'text/javascript';
+ s.async = true;
+ s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+ (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+ }
+ else {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.</strong><\/div>');
+ }
+ })(window, document);
+ //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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--- tomcat/site/trunk/docs/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/startup/serverStartup.txt (added)
+++ tomcat/site/trunk/docs/tomcat-8.0-doc/architecture/startup/serverStartup.txt Wed Dec 5 20:20:35 2012
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+
+Tomcat 5 Startup Sequence
+
+Sequence 1. Start from Command Line
+Class: org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
+What it does:
+ a) Set up classloaders
+ commonLoader (common)-> System Loader
+ sharedLoader (shared)-> commonLoader -> System Loader
+ catalinaLoader(server) -> commonLoader -> System Loader
+ b) Load startup class (reflection)
+ org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina
+ setParentClassloader -> sharedLoader
+ Thread.contextClassloader -> catalinaLoader
+ c) Bootstrap.daemon.init() complete
+
+Sequence 2. Process command line argument (start, startd, stop, stopd)
+Class: org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap (assume command->start)
+What it does:
+ a) Catalina.setAwait(true);
+ b) Catalina.load()
+ b1) initDirs() -> set properties like
+ catalina.home
+ catalina.base == catalina.home (most cases)
+ b2) initNaming
+ setProperty(javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY,
+ org.apache.naming.java.javaURLContextFactory ->default)
+ b3) createStartDigester()
+ Configures a digester for the main server.xml elements like
+ org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer (can change of course :)
+ org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources
+ Stores naming resources in the J2EE JNDI tree
+ org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener
+ implements events for start/stop of major components
+ org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService
+ The single entry for a set of connectors,
+ so that a container can listen to multiple connectors
+ ie, single entry
+ org.apache.coyote.tomcat5.CoyoteConnector
+ Connectors to listen for incoming requests only
+ It also adds the following rulesets to the digester
+ NamingRuleSet
+ EngineRuleSet
+ HostRuleSet
+ ContextRuleSet
+ b4) Load the server.xml and parse it using the digester
+ Parsing the server.xml using the digester is an automatic
+ XML-object mapping tool, that will create the objects defined in server.xml
+ Startup of the actual container has not started yet.
+ b5) Assigns System.out and System.err to the SystemLogHandler class
+ b6) Calls initialize on all components, this makes each object register itself with the
+ JMX agent.
+ During the process call the Connectors also initialize the adapters.
+ The adapters are the components that do the request pre-processing.
+ Typical adapters are HTTP1.1 (default if no protocol is specified,
+ org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol)
+ AJP1.3 for mod_jk etc.
+
+ c) Catalina.start()
+ c1) Starts the NamingContext and binds all JNDI references into it
+ c2) Starts the services under <Server> which are:
+ StandardService -> starts Engine (ContainerBase ->Logger,Loader,Realm,Cluster etc)
+ c3) StandardHost (started by the service)
+ Configures a ErrorReportValvem to do proper HTML output for different HTTP
+ errors codes
+ Starts the Valves in the pipeline (at least the ErrorReportValve)
+ Configures the StandardHostValve,
+ this valves ties the Webapp Class loader to the thread context
+ it also finds the session for the request
+ and invokes the context pipeline
+ Starts the HostConfig component
+ This component deploys all the webapps
+ (webapps & conf/Catalina/localhost/*.xml)
+ Webapps are installed using the deployer (StandardHostDeployer)
+ The deployer will create a Digester for your context, this digester
+ will then invoke ContextConfig.start()
+ The ContextConfig.start() will process the default web.xml (conf/web.xml)
+ and then process the applications web.xml (WEB-INF/web.xml)
+
+ c4) During the lifetime of the container (StandardEngine) there is a background thread that
+ keeps checking if the context has changed. If a context changes (timestamp of war file,
+ context xml file, web.xml) then a reload is issued (stop/remove/deploy/start)
+
+ d) Tomcat receives a request on an HTTP port
+ d1) The request is received by a separate thread which is waiting in the PoolTcpEndPoint
+ class. It is waiting for a request in a regular ServerSocket.accept() method.
+ When a request is received, this thread wakes up.
+ d2) The PoolTcpEndPoint assigns the a TcpConnection to handle the request.
+ It also supplies a JMX object name to the catalina container (not used I believe)
+ d3) The processor to handle the request in this case is Coyote Http11Processor,
+ and the process method is invoked.
+ This same processor is also continuing to check the input stream of the socket
+ until the keep alive point is reached or the connection is disconnected.
+ d4) The HTTP request is parsed using an internal buffer class (Coyote Http11 Internal Buffer)
+ The buffer class parses the request line, the headers, etc and store the result in a
+ Coyote request (not an HTTP request) This request contains all the HTTP info, such
+ as servername, port, scheme, etc.
+ d5) The processor contains a reference to an Adapter, in this case it is the
+ Coyote Tomcat 5 Adapter. Once the request has been parsed, the Http11 processor
+ invokes service() on the adapter. In the service method, the Request contains a
+ CoyoteRequest and CoyoteRespons (null for the first time)
+ The CoyoteRequest(Response) implements HttpRequest(Response) and HttpServletRequest(Response)
+ The adapter parses and associates everything with the request, cookies, the context through a
+ Mapper, etc
+ d6) When the parsing is finished, the CoyoteAdapter invokes its container (StandardEngine)
+ and invokes the invoke(request,response) method.
+ This initiates the HTTP request into the Catalina container starting at the engine level
+ d7) The StandardEngine.invoke() simply invokes the container pipeline.invoke()
+ d8) By default the engine only has one valve the StandardEngineValve, this valve simply
+ invokes the invoke() method on the Host pipeline (StandardHost.getPipeLine())
+ d9) the StandardHost has two valves by default, the StandardHostValve and the ErrorReportValve
+ d10) The standard host valve associates the correct class loader with the current thread
+ It also retrieves the Manager and the session associated with the request (if there is one)
+ If there is a session access() is called to keep the session alive
+ d11) After that the StandardHostValve invokes the pipeline on the context associated
+ with the request.
+ d12) The first valve that gets invoked by the Context pipeline is the FormAuthenticator
+ valve. Then the StandardContextValve gets invoke.
+ The StandardContextValve invokes any context listeners associated with the context.
+ Next it invokes the pipeline on the Wrapper component (StandardWrapperValve)
+ d13) During the invocation of the StandardWrapperValve, the JSP wrapper (Jasper) gets invoked
+ This results in the actual compilation of the JSP.
+ And then invokes the actual servlet.
+ e) Invocation of the servlet class
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--- tomcat/site/trunk/docs/tomcat-8.0-doc/balancer-howto.html (added)
+++ tomcat/site/trunk/docs/tomcat-8.0-doc/balancer-howto.html Wed Dec 5 20:20:35 2012
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 (8.0.0-dev) - Load Balancer HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Andy Oliver"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 8</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 8.0.0-dev, Dec 5 2012</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="
manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li
><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/i
ndex.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/index.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Load Balancer HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Using_the_JK_1.2.x_native_connector">Using the JK 1.2.x native connector</a></li><li><a href="#Using_Apache_HTTP_Server_2.x_with_mod_proxy">Using Apache HTTP Server 2.x with mod_proxy</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using the JK 1.2.x native connector"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_the_JK_1.2.x_native_connector"><strong>Using the JK 1.2.x native connector</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+Please refer to the JK 1.2.x documentation.
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using Apache HTTP Server 2.x with mod_proxy"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_Apache_HTTP_Server_2.x_with_mod_proxy"><strong>Using Apache HTTP Server 2.x with mod_proxy</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+Please refer to the mod_proxy documentation for Apache HTTP Server 2.2. This supports either
+HTTP or AJP load balancing. This new version of mod_proxy is also usable with
+Apache HTTP Server 2.0, but mod_proxy will have to be compiled separately using the code
+from Apache HTTP Server 2.2.
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This is not a Q&A section.
+ The Apache Comments System is explained
+ <a href="/tomcat-8.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+ Comments should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation
+ or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either
+ implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.
+ Questions on how to manage Apache Tomcat should be directed
+ to our <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+ var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+ var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/balancer-howto.html';
+ (function(w, d) {
+ if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+ var s = d.createElement('script');
+ s.type = 'text/javascript';
+ s.async = true;
+ s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+ (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+ }
+ else {
+ d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.</strong><\/div>');
+ }
+ })(window, document);
+ //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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