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Posted to commits@mynewt.apache.org by cc...@apache.org on 2016/09/22 02:12:42 UTC

[35/59] [abbrv] incubator-mynewt-core git commit: syscfg / sysinit

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-mynewt-core/blob/d98ddc1c/fs/nffs/test/src/arch/sim/nffs_test.c
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diff --git a/fs/nffs/test/src/arch/sim/nffs_test.c b/fs/nffs/test/src/arch/sim/nffs_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87afcfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/nffs/test/src/arch/sim/nffs_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3251 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "syscfg/syscfg.h"
+#include "hal/hal_flash.h"
+#include "testutil/testutil.h"
+#include "fs/fs.h"
+#include "nffs/nffs.h"
+#include "nffs/nffs_test.h"
+#include "nffs_test_priv.h"
+#include "nffs_priv.h"
+
+int flash_native_memset(uint32_t offset, uint8_t c, uint32_t len);
+
+static const struct nffs_area_desc nffs_area_descs[] = {
+        { 0x00000000, 16 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00004000, 16 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00008000, 16 * 1024 },
+        { 0x0000c000, 16 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00010000, 64 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00020000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00040000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00060000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00080000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x000a0000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x000c0000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x000e0000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0, 0 },
+};
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(struct fs_dirent *dirent,
+                               const char *expected_name)
+{
+    char name[NFFS_FILENAME_MAX_LEN + 1];
+    uint8_t name_len;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_dirent_name(dirent, sizeof name, name, &name_len);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        TEST_ASSERT(strcmp(name, expected_name) == 0);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(struct fs_file *file, uint32_t expected)
+{
+    uint32_t len;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_filelen(file, &len);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(len == expected);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_assert_cache_is_sane(const char *filename)
+{
+    struct nffs_cache_inode *cache_inode;
+    struct nffs_cache_block *cache_block;
+    struct fs_file *fs_file;
+    struct nffs_file *file;
+    uint32_t cache_start;
+    uint32_t cache_end;
+    uint32_t block_end;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_open(filename, FS_ACCESS_READ, &fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    file = (struct nffs_file *)fs_file;
+    rc = nffs_cache_inode_ensure(&cache_inode, file->nf_inode_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_cache_inode_range(cache_inode, &cache_start, &cache_end);
+
+    if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&cache_inode->nci_block_list)) {
+        TEST_ASSERT(cache_start == 0 && cache_end == 0);
+    } else {
+        block_end = 0;  /* Pacify gcc. */
+        TAILQ_FOREACH(cache_block, &cache_inode->nci_block_list, ncb_link) {
+            if (cache_block == TAILQ_FIRST(&cache_inode->nci_block_list)) {
+                TEST_ASSERT(cache_block->ncb_file_offset == cache_start);
+            } else {
+                /* Ensure no gap between this block and its predecessor. */
+                TEST_ASSERT(cache_block->ncb_file_offset == block_end);
+            }
+
+            block_end = cache_block->ncb_file_offset +
+                        cache_block->ncb_block.nb_data_len;
+            if (cache_block == TAILQ_LAST(&cache_inode->nci_block_list,
+                                          nffs_cache_block_list)) {
+
+                TEST_ASSERT(block_end == cache_end);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    rc = fs_close(fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_assert_contents(const char *filename, const char *contents,
+                               int contents_len)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    uint32_t bytes_read;
+    void *buf;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_open(filename, FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    buf = malloc(contents_len + 1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(buf != NULL);
+
+    rc = fs_read(file, contents_len + 1, buf, &bytes_read);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(bytes_read == contents_len);
+    TEST_ASSERT(memcmp(buf, contents, contents_len) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    free(buf);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_is_sane(filename);
+}
+
+static int
+nffs_test_util_block_count(const char *filename)
+{
+    struct nffs_hash_entry *entry;
+    struct nffs_block block;
+    struct nffs_file *file;
+    struct fs_file *fs_file;
+    int count;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_open(filename, FS_ACCESS_READ, &fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    file = (struct nffs_file *)fs_file;
+    count = 0;
+    entry = file->nf_inode_entry->nie_last_block_entry;
+    while (entry != NULL) {
+        count++;
+        rc = nffs_block_from_hash_entry(&block, entry);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+        TEST_ASSERT(block.nb_prev != entry);
+        entry = block.nb_prev;
+    }
+
+    rc = fs_close(fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    return count;
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_assert_block_count(const char *filename, int expected_count)
+{
+    int actual_count;
+
+    actual_count = nffs_test_util_block_count(filename);
+    TEST_ASSERT(actual_count == expected_count);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range(const char *filename,
+                                 uint32_t expected_cache_start,
+                                 uint32_t expected_cache_end)
+{
+    struct nffs_cache_inode *cache_inode;
+    struct nffs_file *file;
+    struct fs_file *fs_file;
+    uint32_t cache_start;
+    uint32_t cache_end;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_open(filename, FS_ACCESS_READ, &fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    file = (struct nffs_file *)fs_file;
+    rc = nffs_cache_inode_ensure(&cache_inode, file->nf_inode_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_cache_inode_range(cache_inode, &cache_start, &cache_end);
+    TEST_ASSERT(cache_start == expected_cache_start);
+    TEST_ASSERT(cache_end == expected_cache_end);
+
+    rc = fs_close(fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_is_sane(filename);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks(const char *filename,
+                                 const struct nffs_test_block_desc *blocks,
+                                 int num_blocks)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    uint32_t total_len;
+    uint32_t offset;
+    char *buf;
+    int num_writes;
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+
+    rc = fs_open(filename, FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_TRUNCATE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    total_len = 0;
+    if (num_blocks <= 0) {
+        num_writes = 1;
+    } else {
+        num_writes = num_blocks;
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < num_writes; i++) {
+        rc = fs_write(file, blocks[i].data, blocks[i].data_len);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+        total_len += blocks[i].data_len;
+    }
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    buf = malloc(total_len);
+    TEST_ASSERT(buf != NULL);
+
+    offset = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < num_writes; i++) {
+        memcpy(buf + offset, blocks[i].data, blocks[i].data_len);
+        offset += blocks[i].data_len;
+    }
+    TEST_ASSERT(offset == total_len);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents(filename, buf, total_len);
+    if (num_blocks > 0) {
+        nffs_test_util_assert_block_count(filename, num_blocks);
+    }
+
+    free(buf);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_create_file(const char *filename, const char *contents,
+                           int contents_len)
+{
+    struct nffs_test_block_desc block;
+
+    block.data = contents;
+    block.data_len = contents_len;
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks(filename, &block, 0);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_append_file(const char *filename, const char *contents,
+                           int contents_len)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = fs_open(filename, FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_APPEND, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, contents, contents_len);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_copy_area(const struct nffs_area_desc *from,
+                    const struct nffs_area_desc *to)
+{
+    void *buf;
+    int rc;
+
+    TEST_ASSERT(from->nad_length == to->nad_length);
+
+    buf = malloc(from->nad_length);
+    TEST_ASSERT(buf != NULL);
+
+    rc = hal_flash_read(from->nad_flash_id, from->nad_offset, buf,
+                        from->nad_length);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = hal_flash_erase(from->nad_flash_id, to->nad_offset, to->nad_length);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = hal_flash_write(to->nad_flash_id, to->nad_offset, buf, to->nad_length);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    free(buf);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_create_subtree(const char *parent_path,
+                             const struct nffs_test_file_desc *elem)
+{
+    char *path;
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+
+    if (parent_path == NULL) {
+        path = malloc(1);
+        TEST_ASSERT(path != NULL);
+        path[0] = '\0';
+    } else {
+        path = malloc(strlen(parent_path) + 1 + strlen(elem->filename) + 1);
+        TEST_ASSERT(path != NULL);
+
+        sprintf(path, "%s/%s", parent_path, elem->filename);
+    }
+
+    if (elem->is_dir) {
+        if (parent_path != NULL) {
+            rc = fs_mkdir(path);
+            TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+        }
+
+        if (elem->children != NULL) {
+            for (i = 0; elem->children[i].filename != NULL; i++) {
+                nffs_test_util_create_subtree(path, elem->children + i);
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        nffs_test_util_create_file(path, elem->contents, elem->contents_len);
+    }
+
+    free(path);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_util_create_tree(const struct nffs_test_file_desc *root_dir)
+{
+    nffs_test_util_create_subtree(NULL, root_dir);
+}
+
+#define NFFS_TEST_TOUCHED_ARR_SZ     (16 * 1024)
+static struct nffs_hash_entry
+    *nffs_test_touched_entries[NFFS_TEST_TOUCHED_ARR_SZ];
+static int nffs_test_num_touched_entries;
+
+/*
+ * Recursively descend directory structure
+ */
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_file(const struct nffs_test_file_desc *file,
+                     struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry,
+                     const char *path)
+{
+    const struct nffs_test_file_desc *child_file;
+    struct nffs_inode inode;
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *child_inode_entry;
+    char *child_path;
+    int child_filename_len;
+    int path_len;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*
+     * track of hash entries that have been examined
+     */
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_test_num_touched_entries < NFFS_TEST_TOUCHED_ARR_SZ);
+    nffs_test_touched_entries[nffs_test_num_touched_entries] =
+        &inode_entry->nie_hash_entry;
+    nffs_test_num_touched_entries++;
+
+    path_len = strlen(path);
+
+    rc = nffs_inode_from_entry(&inode, inode_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*
+     * recursively examine each child of directory
+     */
+    if (nffs_hash_id_is_dir(inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id)) {
+        for (child_file = file->children;
+             child_file != NULL && child_file->filename != NULL;
+             child_file++) {
+
+            /*
+             * Construct full pathname for file
+             * Not null terminated
+             */
+            child_filename_len = strlen(child_file->filename);
+            child_path = malloc(path_len + 1 + child_filename_len + 1);
+            TEST_ASSERT(child_path != NULL);
+            memcpy(child_path, path, path_len);
+            child_path[path_len] = '/';
+            memcpy(child_path + path_len + 1, child_file->filename,
+                   child_filename_len);
+            child_path[path_len + 1 + child_filename_len] = '\0';
+
+            /*
+             * Verify child inode can be found using full pathname
+             */
+            rc = nffs_path_find_inode_entry(child_path, &child_inode_entry);
+            if (rc != 0) {
+                TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+            }
+
+            nffs_test_assert_file(child_file, child_inode_entry, child_path);
+
+            free(child_path);
+        }
+    } else {
+        nffs_test_util_assert_contents(path, file->contents,
+                                       file->contents_len);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_branch_touched(struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry)
+{
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *child;
+    int i;
+
+    if (inode_entry == nffs_lost_found_dir) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < nffs_test_num_touched_entries; i++) {
+        if (nffs_test_touched_entries[i] == &inode_entry->nie_hash_entry) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    TEST_ASSERT(i < nffs_test_num_touched_entries);
+    nffs_test_touched_entries[i] = NULL;
+
+    if (nffs_hash_id_is_dir(inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id)) {
+        SLIST_FOREACH(child, &inode_entry->nie_child_list, nie_sibling_next) {
+            nffs_test_assert_branch_touched(child);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_child_inode_present(struct nffs_inode_entry *child)
+{
+    const struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry;
+    const struct nffs_inode_entry *parent;
+    struct nffs_inode inode;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*
+     * Sucessfully read inode data from flash
+     */
+    rc = nffs_inode_from_entry(&inode, child);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*
+     * Validate parent
+     */
+    parent = inode.ni_parent;
+    TEST_ASSERT(parent != NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_hash_id_is_dir(parent->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id));
+
+    /*
+     * Make sure inode is in parents child list
+     */
+    SLIST_FOREACH(inode_entry, &parent->nie_child_list, nie_sibling_next) {
+        if (inode_entry == child) {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST_ASSERT(0);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_block_present(struct nffs_hash_entry *block_entry)
+{
+    const struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry;
+    struct nffs_hash_entry *cur;
+    struct nffs_block block;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*
+     * Successfully read block data from flash
+     */
+    rc = nffs_block_from_hash_entry(&block, block_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*
+     * Validate owning inode
+     */
+    inode_entry = block.nb_inode_entry;
+    TEST_ASSERT(inode_entry != NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_hash_id_is_file(inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id));
+
+    /*
+     * Validate that block is in owning inode's block chain
+     */
+    cur = inode_entry->nie_last_block_entry;
+    while (cur != NULL) {
+        if (cur == block_entry) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        rc = nffs_block_from_hash_entry(&block, cur);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+        cur = block.nb_prev;
+    }
+
+    TEST_ASSERT(0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Recursively verify that the children of each directory are sorted
+ * on the directory children linked list by filename length
+ */
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_children_sorted(struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry)
+{
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *child_entry;
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *prev_entry;
+    struct nffs_inode child_inode;
+    struct nffs_inode prev_inode;
+    int cmp;
+    int rc;
+
+    prev_entry = NULL;
+    SLIST_FOREACH(child_entry, &inode_entry->nie_child_list,
+                  nie_sibling_next) {
+        rc = nffs_inode_from_entry(&child_inode, child_entry);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+        if (prev_entry != NULL) {
+            rc = nffs_inode_from_entry(&prev_inode, prev_entry);
+            TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+            rc = nffs_inode_filename_cmp_flash(&prev_inode, &child_inode,
+                                               &cmp);
+            TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+            TEST_ASSERT(cmp < 0);
+        }
+
+        if (nffs_hash_id_is_dir(child_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id)) {
+            nffs_test_assert_children_sorted(child_entry);
+        }
+
+        prev_entry = child_entry;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_system_once(const struct nffs_test_file_desc *root_dir)
+{
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry;
+    struct nffs_hash_entry *entry;
+    struct nffs_hash_entry *next;
+    int i;
+
+    nffs_test_num_touched_entries = 0;
+    nffs_test_assert_file(root_dir, nffs_root_dir, "");
+    nffs_test_assert_branch_touched(nffs_root_dir);
+
+    /* Ensure no orphaned inodes or blocks. */
+    NFFS_HASH_FOREACH(entry, i, next) {
+        TEST_ASSERT(entry->nhe_flash_loc != NFFS_FLASH_LOC_NONE);
+        if (nffs_hash_id_is_inode(entry->nhe_id)) {
+            inode_entry = (void *)entry;
+            TEST_ASSERT(inode_entry->nie_refcnt == 1);
+            if (entry->nhe_id == NFFS_ID_ROOT_DIR) {
+                TEST_ASSERT(inode_entry == nffs_root_dir);
+            } else {
+                nffs_test_assert_child_inode_present(inode_entry);
+            }
+        } else {
+            nffs_test_assert_block_present(entry);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Ensure proper sorting. */
+    nffs_test_assert_children_sorted(nffs_root_dir);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_system(const struct nffs_test_file_desc *root_dir,
+                        const struct nffs_area_desc *area_descs)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    /* Ensure files are as specified, and that there are no other files or
+     * orphaned inodes / blocks.
+     */
+    nffs_test_assert_system_once(root_dir);
+
+    /* Force a garbage collection cycle. */
+    rc = nffs_gc(NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Ensure file system is still as expected. */
+    nffs_test_assert_system_once(root_dir);
+
+    /* Clear cached data and restore from flash (i.e, simulate a reboot). */
+    rc = nffs_misc_reset();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = nffs_detect(area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Ensure file system is still as expected. */
+    nffs_test_assert_system_once(root_dir);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_assert_area_seqs(int seq1, int count1, int seq2, int count2)
+{
+    struct nffs_disk_area disk_area;
+    int cur1;
+    int cur2;
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+
+    cur1 = 0;
+    cur2 = 0;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < nffs_num_areas; i++) {
+        rc = nffs_flash_read(i, 0, &disk_area, sizeof disk_area);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+        TEST_ASSERT(nffs_area_magic_is_set(&disk_area));
+        TEST_ASSERT(disk_area.nda_gc_seq == nffs_areas[i].na_gc_seq);
+        if (i == nffs_scratch_area_idx) {
+            TEST_ASSERT(disk_area.nda_id == NFFS_AREA_ID_NONE);
+        }
+
+        if (nffs_areas[i].na_gc_seq == seq1) {
+            cur1++;
+        } else if (nffs_areas[i].na_gc_seq == seq2) {
+            cur2++;
+        } else {
+            TEST_ASSERT(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST_ASSERT(cur1 == count1 && cur2 == count2);
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_mkdir(void)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/a/b/c/d");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("asdf");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/a");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/a/b");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/a/b/c");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/a/b/c/d");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/a/b/c/d/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "a",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = "b",
+                    .is_dir = 1,
+                    .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                        .filename = "c",
+                        .is_dir = 1,
+                        .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                            .filename = "d",
+                            .is_dir = 1,
+                            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                                .contents = NULL,
+                                .contents_len = 0,
+                            }, {
+                                .filename = NULL,
+                            } },
+                        }, {
+                            .filename = NULL,
+                        } },
+                    }, {
+                        .filename = NULL,
+                    } },
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_unlink)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file0;
+    struct fs_file *file1;
+    struct fs_file *file2;
+    struct nffs_file *nfs_file;
+    uint8_t buf[64];
+    uint32_t bytes_read;
+    int initial_num_blocks;
+    int initial_num_inodes;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    initial_num_blocks = nffs_block_entry_pool.mp_num_free;
+    initial_num_inodes = nffs_inode_entry_pool.mp_num_free;
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/file0.txt", "0", 1);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/file0.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ | FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nfs_file = (struct nffs_file *)file0;
+    TEST_ASSERT(nfs_file->nf_inode_entry->nie_refcnt == 2);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/file0.txt");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nfs_file->nf_inode_entry->nie_refcnt == 1);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/file0.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file0, "00", 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file0, 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_read(file0, sizeof buf, buf, &bytes_read);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(bytes_read == 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(memcmp(buf, "00", 2) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/file0.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    /* Ensure the file was fully removed from RAM. */
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_inode_entry_pool.mp_num_free == initial_num_inodes);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_block_entry_pool.mp_num_free == initial_num_blocks);
+
+    /*** Nested unlink. */
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/file1.txt", "1", 2);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/mydir/file1.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ | FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nfs_file = (struct nffs_file *)file1;
+    TEST_ASSERT(nfs_file->nf_inode_entry->nie_refcnt == 2);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nfs_file->nf_inode_entry->nie_refcnt == 1);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/mydir/file1.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file1, "11", 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file1, 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_read(file1, sizeof buf, buf, &bytes_read);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(bytes_read == 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(memcmp(buf, "11", 2) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/mydir/file1.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+
+    /* Ensure the files and directories were fully removed from RAM. */
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_inode_entry_pool.mp_num_free == initial_num_inodes);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_block_entry_pool.mp_num_free == initial_num_blocks);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_rename)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    const char contents[] = "contents";
+    int rc;
+
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_rename("/nonexistent.txt", "/newname.txt");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    /*** Rename file. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", contents, sizeof contents);
+
+    rc = fs_rename("/myfile.txt", "badname");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    rc = fs_rename("/myfile.txt", "/myfile2.txt");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile2.txt", contents, sizeof contents);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir/leafdir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_rename("/myfile2.txt", "/mydir/myfile2.txt");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/mydir/myfile2.txt", contents,
+                                  sizeof contents);
+
+    /*** Rename directory. */
+    rc = fs_rename("/mydir", "badname");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    /* Don't allow a directory to be moved into a descendent directory. */
+    rc = fs_rename("/mydir", "/mydir/leafdir/a");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    rc = fs_rename("/mydir", "/mydir2");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/mydir2/myfile2.txt", contents,
+                                  sizeof contents);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "mydir2",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = "leafdir",
+                    .is_dir = 1,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = "myfile2.txt",
+                    .contents = "contents",
+                    .contents_len = 9,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_truncate)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_TRUNCATE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "abcdefgh", 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 8);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "abcdefgh", 8);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_TRUNCATE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234", 4);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 4);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 4);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "1234", 4);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "1234",
+                .contents_len = 4,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_append)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    uint32_t len;
+    char c;
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_APPEND, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "abcdefgh", 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 8);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "abcdefgh", 8);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_APPEND, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 8);
+
+    /* File position should always be at the end of a file after an append.
+     * Seek to the middle prior to writing to test this.
+     */
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 2);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "ijklmnop", 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 16);
+    rc = fs_write(file, "qrstuvwx", 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 24);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt",
+                                  "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx", 24);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_open("/mydir/gaga.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE | FS_ACCESS_APPEND, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Repeated appends to a large file. */
+    for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+        rc = fs_filelen(file, &len);
+        TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+        TEST_ASSERT(len == i);
+
+        c = '0' + i % 10;
+        rc = fs_write(file, &c, 1);
+        TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+    }
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/mydir/gaga.txt",
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+        "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789",
+        1000);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx",
+                .contents_len = 24,
+            }, {
+                .filename = "mydir",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = "gaga.txt",
+                    .contents =
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
+    ,
+                    .contents_len = 1000,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_read)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    uint8_t buf[16];
+    uint32_t bytes_read;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", "1234567890", 10);
+
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 10);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_read(file, 4, buf, &bytes_read);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(bytes_read == 4);
+    TEST_ASSERT(memcmp(buf, "1234", 4) == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 4);
+
+    rc = fs_read(file, sizeof buf - 4, buf + 4, &bytes_read);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(bytes_read == 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(memcmp(buf, "1234567890", 10) == 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 10);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_open)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    struct fs_dir *dir;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Fail to open an invalid path (not rooted). */
+    rc = fs_open("file", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    /*** Fail to open a directory (root directory). */
+    rc = fs_open("/", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    /*** Fail to open a nonexistent file for reading. */
+    rc = fs_open("/1234", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    /*** Fail to open a child of a nonexistent directory. */
+    rc = fs_open("/dir/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+    rc = fs_opendir("/dir", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/dir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Fail to open a directory. */
+    rc = fs_open("/dir", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    /*** Successfully open an existing file for reading. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/dir/file.txt", "1234567890", 10);
+    rc = fs_open("/dir/file.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Successfully open an nonexistent file for writing. */
+    rc = fs_open("/dir/file2.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Ensure the file can be reopened. */
+    rc = fs_open("/dir/file.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_overwrite_one)
+{
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_append_file("/myfile.txt", "abcdefgh", 8);
+
+    /*** Overwrite within one block (middle). */
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 3);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 3);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "12", 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 5);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "abc12fgh", 8);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 1);
+
+    /*** Overwrite within one block (start). */
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "xy", 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 2);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "xyc12fgh", 8);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 1);
+
+    /*** Overwrite within one block (end). */
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "<>", 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 8);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "xyc12f<>", 8);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 1);
+
+    /*** Overwrite one block middle, extend. */
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 4);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 4);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "abcdefgh", 8);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 12);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 12);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "xyc1abcdefgh", 12);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 1);
+
+    /*** Overwrite one block start, extend. */
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 12);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "abcdefghijklmnop", 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 16);
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents("/myfile.txt", "abcdefghijklmnop", 16);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 1);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "abcdefghijklmnop",
+                .contents_len = 16,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_overwrite_two)
+{
+    struct nffs_test_block_desc *blocks = (struct nffs_test_block_desc[]) { {
+        .data = "abcdefgh",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    }, {
+        .data = "ijklmnop",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    } };
+
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Overwrite two blocks (middle). */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 2);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 7);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 7);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "123", 3);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 10);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt", "abcdefg123klmnop", 16);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 2);
+
+    /*** Overwrite two blocks (start). */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 2);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "ABCDEFGHIJ", 10);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 10);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt", "ABCDEFGHIJklmnop", 16);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 2);
+
+    /*** Overwrite two blocks (end). */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 2);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890", 10);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 16);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt", "abcdef1234567890", 16);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 2);
+
+    /*** Overwrite two blocks middle, extend. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 2);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@#$", 14);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 20);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 20);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt", "abcdef1234567890!@#$", 20);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 2);
+
+    /*** Overwrite two blocks start, extend. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 2);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 16);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@#$%^&*()", 20);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 20);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 20);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt", "1234567890!@#$%^&*()", 20);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 2);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "1234567890!@#$%^&*()",
+                .contents_len = 20,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_overwrite_three)
+{
+    struct nffs_test_block_desc *blocks = (struct nffs_test_block_desc[]) { {
+        .data = "abcdefgh",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    }, {
+        .data = "ijklmnop",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    }, {
+        .data = "qrstuvwx",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    } };
+
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Overwrite three blocks (middle). */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@", 12);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 18);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "abcdef1234567890!@stuvwx", 24);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    /*** Overwrite three blocks (start). */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@#$%^&*()", 20);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 20);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "1234567890!@#$%^&*()uvwx", 24);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    /*** Overwrite three blocks (end). */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@#$%^&*", 18);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 24);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "abcdef1234567890!@#$%^&*", 24);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    /*** Overwrite three blocks middle, extend. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@#$%^&*()", 20);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 26);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 26);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "abcdef1234567890!@#$%^&*()", 26);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    /*** Overwrite three blocks start, extend. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234567890!@#$%^&*()abcdefghij", 30);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 30);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 30);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "1234567890!@#$%^&*()abcdefghij", 30);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "1234567890!@#$%^&*()abcdefghij",
+                .contents_len = 30,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_overwrite_many)
+{
+    struct nffs_test_block_desc *blocks = (struct nffs_test_block_desc[]) { {
+        .data = "abcdefgh",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    }, {
+        .data = "ijklmnop",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    }, {
+        .data = "qrstuvwx",
+        .data_len = 8,
+    } };
+
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    int rc;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /*** Overwrite middle of first block. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 3);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 3);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "12", 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 5);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "abc12fghijklmnopqrstuvwx", 24);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    /*** Overwrite end of first block, start of second. */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 3);
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_WRITE, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_seek(file, 6);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 6);
+
+    rc = fs_write(file, "1234", 4);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_file_len(file, 24);
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_getpos(file) == 10);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_contents( "/myfile.txt",
+                                   "abcdef1234klmnopqrstuvwx", 24);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 3);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "abcdef1234klmnopqrstuvwx",
+                .contents_len = 24,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_long_filename)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/12345678901234567890.txt", "contents", 8);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/longdir12345678901234567890");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_rename("/12345678901234567890.txt",
+                    "/longdir12345678901234567890/12345678901234567890.txt");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "longdir12345678901234567890",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = "/12345678901234567890.txt",
+                    .contents = "contents",
+                    .contents_len = 8,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_large_write)
+{
+    static char data[NFFS_BLOCK_MAX_DATA_SZ_MAX * 5];
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+
+    static const struct nffs_area_desc area_descs_two[] = {
+        { 0x00020000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00040000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0, 0 },
+    };
+
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(area_descs_two);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < sizeof data; i++) {
+        data[i] = i;
+    }
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", data, sizeof data);
+
+    /* Ensure large write was split across the appropriate number of data
+     * blocks.
+     */
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_test_util_block_count("/myfile.txt") ==
+           sizeof data / NFFS_BLOCK_MAX_DATA_SZ_MAX);
+
+    /* Garbage collect and then ensure the large file is still properly divided
+     * according to max data block size.
+     */
+    nffs_gc(NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_test_util_block_count("/myfile.txt") ==
+           sizeof data / NFFS_BLOCK_MAX_DATA_SZ_MAX);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = data,
+                .contents_len = sizeof data,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, area_descs_two);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_many_children)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/zasdf", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/FfD", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/4Zvv", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/*(*2fs", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/pzzd", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/zasdf0", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/23132.bin", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/asldkfjaldskfadsfsdf.txt", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/sdgaf", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/939302**", NULL, 0);
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/dir");
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/dir/itw82", NULL, 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/dir/124", NULL, 0);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) {
+                { "zasdf" },
+                { "FfD" },
+                { "4Zvv" },
+                { "*(*2fs" },
+                { "pzzd" },
+                { "zasdf0" },
+                { "23132.bin" },
+                { "asldkfjaldskfadsfsdf.txt" },
+                { "sdgaf" },
+                { "939302**" },
+                {
+                    .filename = "dir",
+                    .is_dir = 1,
+                    .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) {
+                        { "itw82" },
+                        { "124" },
+                        { NULL },
+                    },
+                },
+                { NULL },
+            }
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_gc)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    static const struct nffs_area_desc area_descs_two[] = {
+        { 0x00020000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00040000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0, 0 },
+    };
+
+    struct nffs_test_block_desc blocks[8] = { {
+        .data = "1",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "2",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "3",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "4",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "5",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "6",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "7",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "8",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    } };
+
+
+    rc = nffs_format(area_descs_two);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 8);
+
+    nffs_gc(NULL);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_block_count("/myfile.txt", 1);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_wear_level)
+{
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+    int j;
+
+    static const struct nffs_area_desc area_descs_uniform[] = {
+        { 0x00000000, 2 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00020000, 2 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00040000, 2 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00060000, 2 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00080000, 2 * 1024 },
+        { 0, 0 },
+    };
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(area_descs_uniform);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Ensure areas rotate properly. */
+    for (i = 0; i < 255; i++) {
+        for (j = 0; j < nffs_num_areas; j++) {
+            nffs_test_assert_area_seqs(i, nffs_num_areas - j, i + 1, j);
+            nffs_gc(NULL);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Ensure proper rollover of sequence numbers. */
+    for (j = 0; j < nffs_num_areas; j++) {
+        nffs_test_assert_area_seqs(255, nffs_num_areas - j, 0, j);
+        nffs_gc(NULL);
+    }
+    for (j = 0; j < nffs_num_areas; j++) {
+        nffs_test_assert_area_seqs(0, nffs_num_areas - j, 1, j);
+        nffs_gc(NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_corrupt_scratch)
+{
+    int non_scratch_id;
+    int scratch_id;
+    int rc;
+
+    static const struct nffs_area_desc area_descs_two[] = {
+        { 0x00020000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0x00040000, 128 * 1024 },
+        { 0, 0 },
+    };
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(area_descs_two);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", "contents", 8);
+
+    /* Copy the current contents of the non-scratch area to the scratch area.
+     * This will make the scratch area look like it only partially participated
+     * in a garbage collection cycle.
+     */
+    scratch_id = nffs_scratch_area_idx;
+    non_scratch_id = scratch_id ^ 1;
+    nffs_test_copy_area(area_descs_two + non_scratch_id,
+                       area_descs_two + nffs_scratch_area_idx);
+
+    /* Add some more data to the non-scratch area. */
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Ensure the file system is successfully detected and valid, despite
+     * corruption.
+     */
+
+    rc = nffs_misc_reset();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = nffs_detect(area_descs_two);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    TEST_ASSERT(nffs_scratch_area_idx == scratch_id);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "mydir",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+            }, {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "contents",
+                .contents_len = 8,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, area_descs_two);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This test no longer works with the current implementation. The
+ * expectation is that intermediate blocks can be removed and the old
+ * method of finding the last current block after restore will allow the
+ * file to be salvaged. Instead, the file should be removed and all data
+ * declared invalid.
+ */
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_incomplete_block)
+{
+    struct nffs_block block;
+    struct fs_file *fs_file;
+    struct nffs_file *file;
+    uint32_t flash_offset;
+    uint32_t area_offset;
+    uint8_t area_idx;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/a", "aaaa", 4);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/b", "bbbb", 4);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/c", "cccc", 4);
+
+    /* Add a second block to the 'b' file. */
+    nffs_test_util_append_file("/mydir/b", "1234", 4);
+
+    /* Corrupt the 'b' file; make it look like the second block only got half
+     * written.
+     */
+    rc = fs_open("/mydir/b", FS_ACCESS_READ, &fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    file = (struct nffs_file *)fs_file;
+
+    rc = nffs_block_from_hash_entry(&block,
+                                   file->nf_inode_entry->nie_last_block_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_flash_loc_expand(block.nb_hash_entry->nhe_flash_loc, &area_idx,
+                         &area_offset);
+    flash_offset = nffs_areas[area_idx].na_offset + area_offset;
+    /*
+     * Overwrite block data - the CRC check should pick this up
+     */
+    rc = flash_native_memset(
+            flash_offset + sizeof (struct nffs_disk_block) + 2, 0xff, 2);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = nffs_misc_reset();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = nffs_detect(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* OLD: The entire second block should be removed; the file should only
+     * contain the first block.
+     * Unless we can salvage the block, the entire file should probably be
+     * removed. This is a contrived example which generates bad data on the
+     * what happens to be the last block, but corruption can actually occur
+     * in any block. Sweep should be updated to search look for blocks that
+     * don't have a correct prev_id and then decide whether to delete the
+     * owning inode. XXX
+     */
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "mydir",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = "a",
+                    .contents = "aaaa",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+#if 0
+/* keep this out until sweep updated to capture bad blocks XXX */
+                }, {
+                    .filename = "b",
+                    .contents = "bbbb",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+#endif
+                }, {
+                    .filename = "c",
+                    .contents = "cccc",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_corrupt_block)
+{
+    struct nffs_block block;
+    struct fs_file *fs_file;
+    struct nffs_file *file;
+    uint32_t flash_offset;
+    uint32_t area_offset;
+    uint8_t area_idx;
+    uint8_t off;    /* offset to corrupt */
+    int rc;
+    struct nffs_disk_block ndb;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/a", "aaaa", 4);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/b", "bbbb", 4);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/c", "cccc", 4);
+
+    /* Add a second block to the 'b' file. */
+    nffs_test_util_append_file("/mydir/b", "1234", 4);
+
+    /* Corrupt the 'b' file; overwrite the second block's magic number. */
+    rc = fs_open("/mydir/b", FS_ACCESS_READ, &fs_file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    file = (struct nffs_file *)fs_file;
+
+    rc = nffs_block_from_hash_entry(&block,
+                                   file->nf_inode_entry->nie_last_block_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_flash_loc_expand(block.nb_hash_entry->nhe_flash_loc, &area_idx,
+                         &area_offset);
+    flash_offset = nffs_areas[area_idx].na_offset + area_offset;
+
+    /*
+     * Overwriting the reserved16 field should invalidate the CRC
+     */
+    off = (char*)&ndb.reserved16 - (char*)&ndb;
+    rc = flash_native_memset(flash_offset + off, 0x43, 1);
+
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Write a fourth file. This file should get restored even though the
+     * previous object has an invalid magic number.
+     */
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/d", "dddd", 4);
+
+    rc = nffs_misc_reset();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = nffs_detect(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* The entire second block should be removed; the file should only contain
+     * the first block.
+     */
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "mydir",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = "a",
+                    .contents = "aaaa",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+#if 0
+                /*
+                 * In the newer implementation without the find_file_ends
+                 * corrupted inodes are deleted rather than retained with
+                 * partial contents
+                 */
+                }, {
+                    .filename = "b",
+                    .contents = "bbbb",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+#endif
+                }, {
+                    .filename = "c",
+                    .contents = "cccc",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = "d",
+                    .contents = "dddd",
+                    .contents_len = 4,
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_large_unlink)
+{
+    static char file_contents[1024 * 4];
+    char filename[256];
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+    int j;
+    int k;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    nffs_config.nc_num_inodes = 1024;
+    nffs_config.nc_num_blocks = 1024;
+
+    rc = nffs_init();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof filename, "/dir0_%d", i);
+        rc = fs_mkdir(filename);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+        for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof filename, "/dir0_%d/dir1_%d", i, j);
+            rc = fs_mkdir(filename);
+            TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+            for (k = 0; k < 5; k++) {
+                snprintf(filename, sizeof filename,
+                         "/dir0_%d/dir1_%d/file2_%d", i, j, k);
+                nffs_test_util_create_file(filename, file_contents,
+                                          sizeof file_contents);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (j = 0; j < 15; j++) {
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof filename, "/dir0_%d/file1_%d", i, j);
+            nffs_test_util_create_file(filename, file_contents,
+                                      sizeof file_contents);
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof filename, "/dir0_%d", i);
+        rc = fs_unlink(filename);
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    }
+
+    /* The entire file system should be empty. */
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_large_system)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_create_tree(nffs_test_system_01);
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(nffs_test_system_01, nffs_area_descs);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/lvl1dir-0000");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/lvl1dir-0004");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/lvl1dir-0000");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(nffs_test_system_01_rm_1014_mk10, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_lost_found)
+{
+    char buf[32];
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry;
+    uint32_t flash_offset;
+    uint32_t area_offset;
+    uint8_t area_idx;
+    int rc;
+    struct nffs_disk_inode ndi;
+    uint8_t off;    /* calculated offset for memset */
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir/dir1");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/file1", "aaaa", 4);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/dir1/file2", "bbbb", 4);
+
+    /* Corrupt the mydir inode. */
+    rc = nffs_path_find_inode_entry("/mydir", &inode_entry);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%lu",
+             (unsigned long)inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id);
+
+    nffs_flash_loc_expand(inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_flash_loc,
+                         &area_idx, &area_offset);
+    flash_offset = nffs_areas[area_idx].na_offset + area_offset;
+    /*
+     * Overwrite the sequence number - should be detected as CRC corruption
+     */
+    off = (char*)&ndi.ndi_seq - (char*)&ndi;
+    rc = flash_native_memset(flash_offset + off, 0xaa, 1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Clear cached data and restore from flash (i.e, simulate a reboot). */
+    rc = nffs_misc_reset();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = nffs_detect(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* All contents should now be in the lost+found dir. */
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "lost+found",
+                .is_dir = 1,
+#if 0
+                .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                    .filename = buf,
+                    .is_dir = 1,
+                    .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                        .filename = "file1",
+                        .contents = "aaaa",
+                        .contents_len = 4,
+                    }, {
+                        .filename = "dir1",
+                        .is_dir = 1,
+                        .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                            .filename = "file2",
+                            .contents = "bbbb",
+                            .contents_len = 4,
+                        }, {
+                            .filename = NULL,
+                        } },
+                    }, {
+                        .filename = NULL,
+                    } },
+                }, {
+                    .filename = NULL,
+                } },
+#endif
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } }
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, nffs_area_descs);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_cache_large_file)
+{
+    static char data[NFFS_BLOCK_MAX_DATA_SZ_MAX * 5];
+    struct fs_file *file;
+    uint8_t b;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", data, sizeof data);
+    nffs_cache_clear();
+
+    /* Opening a file should not cause any blocks to get cached. */
+    rc = fs_open("/myfile.txt", FS_ACCESS_READ, &file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range("/myfile.txt", 0, 0);
+
+    /* Cache first block. */
+    rc = fs_seek(file, nffs_block_max_data_sz * 0);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_read(file, 1, &b, NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range("/myfile.txt",
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 0,
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 1);
+
+    /* Cache second block. */
+    rc = fs_seek(file, nffs_block_max_data_sz * 1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_read(file, 1, &b, NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range("/myfile.txt",
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 0,
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 2);
+
+
+    /* Cache fourth block; prior cache should get erased. */
+    rc = fs_seek(file, nffs_block_max_data_sz * 3);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_read(file, 1, &b, NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range("/myfile.txt",
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 3,
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 4);
+
+    /* Cache second and third blocks. */
+    rc = fs_seek(file, nffs_block_max_data_sz * 1);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_read(file, 1, &b, NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range("/myfile.txt",
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 1,
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 4);
+
+    /* Cache fifth block. */
+    rc = fs_seek(file, nffs_block_max_data_sz * 4);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_read(file, 1, &b, NULL);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_cache_range("/myfile.txt",
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 1,
+                                     nffs_block_max_data_sz * 5);
+
+    rc = fs_close(file);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_readdir)
+{
+    struct fs_dirent *dirent;
+    struct fs_dir *dir;
+    int rc;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    rc = nffs_format(nffs_area_descs);
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/b", "bbbb", 4);
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/mydir/a", "aaaa", 4);
+    rc = fs_mkdir("/mydir/c");
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Nonexistent directory. */
+    rc = fs_opendir("/asdf", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    /* Fail to opendir a file. */
+    rc = fs_opendir("/mydir/a", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_EINVAL);
+
+    /* Real directory (with trailing slash). */
+    rc = fs_opendir("/mydir/", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "a");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "b");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "c");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 1);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    rc = fs_closedir(dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Root directory. */
+    rc = fs_opendir("/", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "lost+found");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 1);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 1);
+
+    rc = fs_closedir(dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Delete entries while iterating. */
+    rc = fs_opendir("/mydir", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "a");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/mydir/b");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/mydir/c");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    rc = fs_unlink("/mydir");
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_util_assert_ent_name(dirent, "c");
+    TEST_ASSERT(fs_dirent_is_dir(dirent) == 1);
+
+    rc = fs_readdir(dir, &dirent);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+
+    rc = fs_closedir(dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Ensure directory is gone. */
+    rc = fs_opendir("/mydir", &dir);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == FS_ENOENT);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_split_file)
+{
+    static char data[24 * 1024];
+    int rc;
+    int i;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    static const struct nffs_area_desc area_descs_two[] = {
+            { 0x00000000, 16 * 1024 },
+            { 0x00004000, 16 * 1024 },
+            { 0x00008000, 16 * 1024 },
+            { 0, 0 },
+    };
+
+    rc = nffs_format(area_descs_two);
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < sizeof data; i++) {
+        data[i] = i;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+        nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", data, sizeof data);
+        rc = fs_unlink("/myfile.txt");
+        TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+    }
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file("/myfile.txt", data, sizeof data);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = data,
+                .contents_len = sizeof data,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, area_descs_two);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(nffs_test_gc_on_oom)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    /*** Setup. */
+    /* Ensure all areas are the same size. */
+    static const struct nffs_area_desc area_descs_two[] = {
+            { 0x00000000, 16 * 1024 },
+            { 0x00004000, 16 * 1024 },
+            { 0x00008000, 16 * 1024 },
+            { 0, 0 },
+    };
+
+    rc = nffs_format(area_descs_two);
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(rc == 0);
+
+    /* Leak block entries until only four are left. */
+    /* XXX: This is ridiculous.  Need to fix nffs configuration so that the
+     * caller passes a config object rather than writing to a global variable.
+     */
+    while (nffs_block_entry_pool.mp_num_free != 4) {
+        nffs_block_entry_alloc();
+    }
+
+    /*** Write 4 data blocks. */
+    struct nffs_test_block_desc blocks[4] = { {
+        .data = "1",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "2",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "3",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    }, {
+        .data = "4",
+        .data_len = 1,
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_util_create_file_blocks("/myfile.txt", blocks, 4);
+
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(nffs_block_entry_pool.mp_num_free == 0);
+
+    /* Attempt another one-byte write.  This should trigger a garbage
+     * collection cycle, resulting in the four blocks being collated.  The
+     * fifth write consumes an additional block, resulting in 2 out of 4 blocks
+     * in use.
+     */
+    nffs_test_util_append_file("/myfile.txt", "5", 1);
+
+    TEST_ASSERT_FATAL(nffs_block_entry_pool.mp_num_free == 2);
+
+    struct nffs_test_file_desc *expected_system =
+        (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+            .filename = "",
+            .is_dir = 1,
+            .children = (struct nffs_test_file_desc[]) { {
+                .filename = "myfile.txt",
+                .contents = "12345",
+                .contents_len = 5,
+            }, {
+                .filename = NULL,
+            } },
+    } };
+
+    nffs_test_assert_system(expected_system, area_descs_two);
+}
+
+TEST_SUITE(nffs_suite_cache)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    memset(&nffs_config, 0, sizeof nffs_config);
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_inodes = 4;
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_blocks = 64;
+
+    rc = nffs_init();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_cache_large_file();
+}
+
+static void
+nffs_test_gen(void)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = nffs_init();
+    TEST_ASSERT(rc == 0);
+
+    nffs_test_unlink();
+    nffs_test_mkdir();
+    nffs_test_rename();
+    nffs_test_truncate();
+    nffs_test_append();
+    nffs_test_read();
+    nffs_test_open();
+    nffs_test_overwrite_one();
+    nffs_test_overwrite_two();
+    nffs_test_overwrite_three();
+    nffs_test_overwrite_many();
+    nffs_test_long_filename();
+    nffs_test_large_write();
+    nffs_test_many_children();
+    nffs_test_gc();
+    nffs_test_wear_level();
+    nffs_test_corrupt_scratch();
+    nffs_test_incomplete_block();
+    nffs_test_corrupt_block();
+    nffs_test_large_unlink();
+    nffs_test_large_system();
+    nffs_test_lost_found();
+    nffs_test_readdir();
+    nffs_test_split_file();
+    nffs_test_gc_on_oom();
+}
+
+TEST_SUITE(gen_1_1)
+{
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_inodes = 1;
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_blocks = 1;
+    nffs_test_gen();
+}
+
+TEST_SUITE(gen_4_32)
+{
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_inodes = 4;
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_blocks = 32;
+    nffs_test_gen();
+}
+
+TEST_SUITE(gen_32_1024)
+{
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_inodes = 32;
+    nffs_config.nc_num_cache_blocks = 1024;
+    nffs_test_gen();
+}
+
+int
+nffs_test_all(void)
+{
+    nffs_config.nc_num_inodes = 1024 * 8;
+    nffs_config.nc_num_blocks = 1024 * 20;
+
+    gen_1_1();
+    gen_4_32();
+    gen_32_1024();
+    nffs_suite_cache();
+
+    return tu_any_failed;
+}
+
+void
+print_inode_entry(struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry, int indent)
+{
+    struct nffs_inode inode;
+    char name[NFFS_FILENAME_MAX_LEN + 1];
+    uint32_t area_offset;
+    uint8_t area_idx;
+    int rc;
+
+    if (inode_entry == nffs_root_dir) {
+        printf("%*s/\n", indent, "");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    rc = nffs_inode_from_entry(&inode, inode_entry);
+    /*
+     * Dummy inode
+     */
+    if (rc == FS_ENOENT) {
+        printf("    DUMMY %d\n", rc);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    nffs_flash_loc_expand(inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_flash_loc,
+                         &area_idx, &area_offset);
+
+    rc = nffs_flash_read(area_idx,
+                         area_offset + sizeof (struct nffs_disk_inode),
+                         name, inode.ni_filename_len);
+
+    name[inode.ni_filename_len] = '\0';
+
+    printf("%*s%s\n", indent, "", name[0] == '\0' ? "/" : name);
+}
+
+void
+process_inode_entry(struct nffs_inode_entry *inode_entry, int indent)
+{
+    struct nffs_inode_entry *child;
+
+    print_inode_entry(inode_entry, indent);
+
+    if (nffs_hash_id_is_dir(inode_entry->nie_hash_entry.nhe_id)) {
+        SLIST_FOREACH(child, &inode_entry->nie_child_list, nie_sibling_next) {
+            process_inode_entry(child, indent + 2);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int
+print_nffs_flash_inode(struct nffs_area *area, uint32_t off)
+{
+    struct nffs_disk_inode ndi;
+    char filename[128];
+    int len;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = hal_flash_read(area->na_flash_id, area->na_offset + off,
+                         &ndi, sizeof(ndi));
+    assert(rc == 0);
+
+    memset(filename, 0, sizeof(filename));
+    len = min(sizeof(filename) - 1, ndi.ndi_filename_len);
+    rc = hal_flash_read(area->na_flash_id, area->na_offset + off + sizeof(ndi),
+                         filename, len);
+
+    printf("  off %x %s id %x flen %d seq %d last %x prnt %x flgs %x %s\n",
+           off,
+           (nffs_hash_id_is_file(ndi.ndi_id) ? "File" :
+            (nffs_hash_id_is_dir(ndi.ndi_id) ? "Dir" : "???")),
+           ndi.ndi_id,
+           ndi.ndi_filename_len,
+           ndi.ndi_seq,
+           ndi.ndi_lastblock_id,
+           ndi.ndi_parent_id,
+           ndi.ndi_flags,
+           filename);
+    return sizeof(ndi) + ndi.ndi_filename_len;
+}
+
+int
+print_nffs_flash_block(struct nffs_area *area, uint32_t off)
+{
+    struct nffs_disk_block ndb;
+    int rc;
+
+    rc = hal_flash_read(area->na_flash_id, area->na_offset + off,
+                        &ndb, sizeof(ndb));
+    assert(rc == 0);
+
+    printf("  off %x Block id %x len %d seq %d prev %x own ino %x\n",
+           off,
+           ndb.ndb_id,
+           ndb.ndb_data_len,
+           ndb.ndb_seq,
+           ndb.ndb_prev_id,
+           ndb.ndb_inode_id);
+    return sizeof(ndb) + ndb.ndb_data_len;
+}
+
+int
+print_nffs_flash_object(struct nffs_area *area, uint32_t off)
+{
+    struct nffs_disk_object ndo;
+
+    hal_flash_read(area->na_flash_id, area->na_offset + off,
+                        &ndo.ndo_un_obj, sizeof(ndo.ndo_un_obj));
+
+    if (nffs_hash_id_is_inode(ndo.ndo_disk_inode.ndi_id)) {
+        return print_nffs_flash_inode(area, off);
+
+    } else if (nffs_hash_id_is_block(ndo.ndo_disk_block.ndb_id)) {
+        return print_nffs_flash_block(area, off);
+
+    } else if (ndo.ndo_disk_block.ndb_id == 0xffffffff) {
+        return area->na_length;
+
+    } else {
+        return 1;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+print_nffs_flash_areas(int verbose)
+{
+    struct nffs_area area;
+    struct nffs_disk_area darea;
+    int off;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; nffs_current_area_descs[i].nad_length != 0; i++) {
+        if (i > NFFS_MAX_AREAS) {
+            return;
+        }
+        area.na_offset = nffs_current_area_descs[i].nad_offset;
+        area.na_length = nffs_current_area_descs[i].nad_length;
+        area.na_flash_id = nffs_current_area_descs[i].nad_flash_id;
+        hal_flash_read(area.na_flash_id, area.na_offset, &darea, sizeof(darea));
+        area.na_id = darea.nda_id;
+        area.na_cur = nffs_areas[i].na_cur;
+        if (!nffs_area_magic_is_set(&darea)) {
+            printf("Area header corrupt!\n");
+        }
+        printf("area %d: id %d %x-%x cur %x len %d flashid %x gc-seq %d %s%s\n",
+               i, area.na_id, area.na_offset, area.na_offset + area.na_length,
+               area.na_cur, area.na_length, area.na_flash_id, darea.nda_gc_seq,
+               nffs_scratch_area_idx == i ? "(scratch)" : "",
+               !nffs_area_magic_is_set(&darea) ? "corrupt" : "");
+        if (verbose < 2) {
+            off = sizeof (struct nffs_disk_area);
+            while (off < area.na_length) {
+                off += print_nffs_flash_object(&area, off);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+nffs_hash_fn(uint32_t id)
+{
+    return id % NFFS_HASH_SIZE;
+}
+
+void
+print_hashlist(struct nffs_hash_entry *he)
+{
+    struct nffs_hash_list *list;
+    int idx = nffs_hash_fn(he->nhe_id);
+    list = nffs_hash + idx;
+
+    SLIST_FOREACH(he, list, nhe_next) {
+        printf("hash_entry %s 0x%x: id 0x%x flash_loc 0x%x next 0x%x\n",
+                   nffs_hash_id_is_inode(he->nhe_id) ? "inode" : "block",
+                   (unsigned int)he,
+                   he->nhe_id, he->nhe_flash_loc,
+                   (unsigned int)he->nhe_next.sle_next);
+   }
+}
+
+void
+print_hash(void)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct nffs_hash_entry *he;
+    struct nffs_hash_entry *next;
+    struct nffs_inode ni;
+    struct nffs_disk_inode di;
+    struct nffs_block nb;
+    struct nffs_disk_block db;
+    uint32_t area_offset;
+    uint8_t area_idx;
+    int rc;
+
+    NFFS_HASH_FOREACH(he, i, next) {
+        if (nffs_hash_id_is_inode(he->nhe_id)) {
+            printf("hash_entry inode %d 0x%x: id 0x%x flash_loc 0x%x next 0x%x\n",
+                   i, (unsigned int)he,
+                   he->nhe_id, he->nhe_flash_loc,
+                   (unsigned int)he->nhe_next.sle_next);
+            if (he->nhe_id == NFFS_ID_ROOT_DIR) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            nffs_flash_loc_expand(he->nhe_flash_loc,
+                                  &area_idx, &area_offset);
+            rc = nffs_inode_read_disk(area_idx, area_offset, &di);
+            if (rc) {
+                printf("%d: fail inode read id 0x%x rc %d\n",
+                   

<TRUNCATED>