You are viewing a plain text version of this content. The canonical link for it is here.
Posted to commits@cassandra.apache.org by al...@apache.org on 2015/06/04 17:31:58 UTC

[1/2] cassandra git commit: Fix occasional lack of `system` keyspace in schema tables

Repository: cassandra
Updated Branches:
  refs/heads/cassandra-2.2 96677ca12 -> 9befa3766


Fix occasional lack of `system` keyspace in schema tables

patch by Aleksey Yeschenko; reviewed by Sam Tunnicliffe for
CASSANDRA-8487


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/commit/f1b22dfc
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/tree/f1b22dfc
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/diff/f1b22dfc

Branch: refs/heads/cassandra-2.2
Commit: f1b22dfc4042cebb2de0e17d296ac4d7bc7d53df
Parents: b3177f1
Author: Aleksey Yeschenko <al...@apache.org>
Authored: Thu Jun 4 01:56:13 2015 +0300
Committer: Aleksey Yeschenko <al...@apache.org>
Committed: Thu Jun 4 18:29:27 2015 +0300

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 CHANGES.txt                                          |  1 +
 src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java | 10 ++++++++--
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/f1b22dfc/CHANGES.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/CHANGES.txt b/CHANGES.txt
index eea1640..ac3fc53 100644
--- a/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/CHANGES.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 2.1.6
+ * Fix occasional lack of `system` keyspace in schema tables (CASSANDRA-8487)
  * Use ProtocolError code instead of ServerError code for native protocol
    error responses to unsupported protocol versions (CASSANDRA-9451)
  * Default commitlog_sync_batch_window_in_ms changed to 2ms (CASSANDRA-9504)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/f1b22dfc/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
index 882dbdf..7081abf 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
@@ -117,16 +117,22 @@ public class SystemKeyspace
         // add entries to system schema columnfamilies for the hardcoded system definitions
         KSMetaData ksmd = Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(Keyspace.SYSTEM_KS);
 
+        long timestamp = FBUtilities.timestampMicros();
+
         // delete old, possibly obsolete entries in schema columnfamilies
         for (String cfname : Arrays.asList(SystemKeyspace.SCHEMA_KEYSPACES_CF,
                                            SystemKeyspace.SCHEMA_COLUMNFAMILIES_CF,
                                            SystemKeyspace.SCHEMA_COLUMNS_CF,
                                            SystemKeyspace.SCHEMA_TRIGGERS_CF,
                                            SystemKeyspace.SCHEMA_USER_TYPES_CF))
-            executeOnceInternal(String.format("DELETE FROM system.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", cfname), ksmd.name);
+        {
+            executeOnceInternal(String.format("DELETE FROM system.%s USING TIMESTAMP ? WHERE keyspace_name = ?", cfname),
+                                timestamp,
+                                ksmd.name);
+        }
 
         // (+1 to timestamp to make sure we don't get shadowed by the tombstones we just added)
-        ksmd.toSchema(FBUtilities.timestampMicros() + 1).apply();
+        ksmd.toSchema(timestamp + 1).apply();
     }
 
     private static void setupVersion()


[2/2] cassandra git commit: Merge branch 'cassandra-2.1' into cassandra-2.2

Posted by al...@apache.org.
Merge branch 'cassandra-2.1' into cassandra-2.2


Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/repo
Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/commit/9befa376
Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/tree/9befa376
Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/diff/9befa376

Branch: refs/heads/cassandra-2.2
Commit: 9befa3766679066d77f51a5782ce5fdfeba2c6e1
Parents: 96677ca f1b22df
Author: Aleksey Yeschenko <al...@apache.org>
Authored: Thu Jun 4 18:32:03 2015 +0300
Committer: Aleksey Yeschenko <al...@apache.org>
Committed: Thu Jun 4 18:32:03 2015 +0300

----------------------------------------------------------------------
 CHANGES.txt                                                 | 1 +
 .../org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaTables.java     | 9 +++++++--
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------


http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9befa376/CHANGES.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --cc CHANGES.txt
index 232e264,ac3fc53..20beea9
--- a/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/CHANGES.txt
@@@ -1,24 -1,5 +1,25 @@@
 -2.1.6
 +2.2
 + * Add tinyint,smallint,time,date support for UDFs (CASSANDRA-9400)
 + * Deprecates SSTableSimpleWriter and SSTableSimpleUnsortedWriter (CASSANDRA-9546)
 + * Empty INITCOND treated as null in aggregate (CASSANDRA-9457)
 + * Remove use of Cell in Thrift MapReduce classes (CASSANDRA-8609)
 + * Integrate pre-release Java Driver 2.2-rc1, custom build (CASSANDRA-9493)
 + * Clean up gossiper logic for old versions (CASSANDRA-9370)
 + * Fix custom payload coding/decoding to match the spec (CASSANDRA-9515)
 + * ant test-all results incomplete when parsed (CASSANDRA-9463)
 + * Disallow frozen<> types in function arguments and return types for
 +   clarity (CASSANDRA-9411)
 + * Static Analysis to warn on unsafe use of Autocloseable instances (CASSANDRA-9431)
 + * Update commitlog archiving examples now that commitlog segments are
 +   not recycled (CASSANDRA-9350)
 + * Extend Transactional API to sstable lifecycle management (CASSANDRA-8568)
 + * (cqlsh) Add support for native protocol 4 (CASSANDRA-9399)
 + * Ensure that UDF and UDAs are keyspace-isolated (CASSANDRA-9409)
 + * Revert CASSANDRA-7807 (tracing completion client notifications) (CASSANDRA-9429)
 + * Add ability to stop compaction by ID (CASSANDRA-7207)
 + * Let CassandraVersion handle SNAPSHOT version (CASSANDRA-9438)
 +Merged from 2.1:
+  * Fix occasional lack of `system` keyspace in schema tables (CASSANDRA-8487)
   * Use ProtocolError code instead of ServerError code for native protocol
     error responses to unsupported protocol versions (CASSANDRA-9451)
   * Default commitlog_sync_batch_window_in_ms changed to 2ms (CASSANDRA-9504)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9befa376/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaTables.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --cc src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaTables.java
index a825972,0000000..9553df0
mode 100644,000000..100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaTables.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaTables.java
@@@ -1,1497 -1,0 +1,1502 @@@
 +/*
 + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 + * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 + * distributed with this work for additional information
 + * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 + * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 + * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 + * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 + *
 + *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 + *
 + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 + * limitations under the License.
 + */
 +package org.apache.cassandra.schema;
 +
 +import java.io.IOException;
 +import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 +import java.security.MessageDigest;
 +import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 +import java.util.*;
 +import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 +
 +import com.google.common.base.Function;
 +import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 +import com.google.common.collect.MapDifference;
 +import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
 +import org.slf4j.Logger;
 +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 +
 +import org.apache.cassandra.cache.CachingOptions;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.config.*;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.*;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.*;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.columniterator.IdentityQueryFilter;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.composites.CellNameType;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.composites.CellNames;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.composites.Composite;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.filter.QueryFilter;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.index.SecondaryIndexManager;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.*;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Range;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Token;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.ConfigurationException;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.InvalidRequestException;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CompressionParameters;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.locator.AbstractReplicationStrategy;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.service.StorageService;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.utils.ByteBufferUtil;
 +import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
 +
 +import static org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor.executeOnceInternal;
 +import static org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities.fromJsonMap;
 +import static org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities.json;
 +
 +/** system.schema_* tables used to store keyspace/table/type attributes prior to C* 3.0 */
 +public class LegacySchemaTables
 +{
 +    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LegacySchemaTables.class);
 +
 +    public static final String KEYSPACES = "schema_keyspaces";
 +    public static final String COLUMNFAMILIES = "schema_columnfamilies";
 +    public static final String COLUMNS = "schema_columns";
 +    public static final String TRIGGERS = "schema_triggers";
 +    public static final String USERTYPES = "schema_usertypes";
 +    public static final String FUNCTIONS = "schema_functions";
 +    public static final String AGGREGATES = "schema_aggregates";
 +
 +    public static final List<String> ALL = Arrays.asList(KEYSPACES, COLUMNFAMILIES, COLUMNS, TRIGGERS, USERTYPES, FUNCTIONS, AGGREGATES);
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Keyspaces =
 +        compile(KEYSPACES,
 +                "keyspace definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "durable_writes boolean,"
 +                + "strategy_class text,"
 +                + "strategy_options text,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name))) "
 +                + "WITH COMPACT STORAGE");
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Columnfamilies =
 +        compile(COLUMNFAMILIES,
 +                "table definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "columnfamily_name text,"
 +                + "bloom_filter_fp_chance double,"
 +                + "caching text,"
 +                + "cf_id uuid," // post-2.1 UUID cfid
 +                + "comment text,"
 +                + "compaction_strategy_class text,"
 +                + "compaction_strategy_options text,"
 +                + "comparator text,"
 +                + "compression_parameters text,"
 +                + "default_time_to_live int,"
 +                + "default_validator text,"
 +                + "dropped_columns map<text, bigint>,"
 +                + "gc_grace_seconds int,"
 +                + "is_dense boolean,"
 +                + "key_validator text,"
 +                + "local_read_repair_chance double,"
 +                + "max_compaction_threshold int,"
 +                + "max_index_interval int,"
 +                + "memtable_flush_period_in_ms int,"
 +                + "min_compaction_threshold int,"
 +                + "min_index_interval int,"
 +                + "read_repair_chance double,"
 +                + "speculative_retry text,"
 +                + "subcomparator text,"
 +                + "type text,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name), columnfamily_name))");
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Columns =
 +        compile(COLUMNS,
 +                "column definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "columnfamily_name text,"
 +                + "column_name text,"
 +                + "component_index int,"
 +                + "index_name text,"
 +                + "index_options text,"
 +                + "index_type text,"
 +                + "type text,"
 +                + "validator text,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name), columnfamily_name, column_name))");
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Triggers =
 +        compile(TRIGGERS,
 +                "trigger definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "columnfamily_name text,"
 +                + "trigger_name text,"
 +                + "trigger_options map<text, text>,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name), columnfamily_name, trigger_name))");
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Usertypes =
 +        compile(USERTYPES,
 +                "user defined type definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "type_name text,"
 +                + "field_names list<text>,"
 +                + "field_types list<text>,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name), type_name))");
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Functions =
 +        compile(FUNCTIONS,
 +                "user defined function definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "function_name text,"
 +                + "signature frozen<list<text>>,"
 +                + "argument_names list<text>,"
 +                + "argument_types list<text>,"
 +                + "body text,"
 +                + "language text,"
 +                + "return_type text,"
 +                + "called_on_null_input boolean,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name), function_name, signature))");
 +
 +    private static final CFMetaData Aggregates =
 +        compile(AGGREGATES,
 +                "user defined aggregate definitions",
 +                "CREATE TABLE %s ("
 +                + "keyspace_name text,"
 +                + "aggregate_name text,"
 +                + "signature frozen<list<text>>,"
 +                + "argument_types list<text>,"
 +                + "final_func text,"
 +                + "initcond blob,"
 +                + "return_type text,"
 +                + "state_func text,"
 +                + "state_type text,"
 +                + "PRIMARY KEY ((keyspace_name), aggregate_name, signature))");
 +
 +    public static final List<CFMetaData> All = Arrays.asList(Keyspaces, Columnfamilies, Columns, Triggers, Usertypes, Functions, Aggregates);
 +
 +    private static CFMetaData compile(String name, String description, String schema)
 +    {
 +        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), SystemKeyspace.NAME)
 +                         .comment(description)
 +                         .gcGraceSeconds((int) TimeUnit.DAYS.toSeconds(7));
 +    }
 +
 +    /** add entries to system.schema_* for the hardcoded system definitions */
 +    public static void saveSystemKeyspaceSchema()
 +    {
 +        KSMetaData keyspace = Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(SystemKeyspace.NAME);
++        long timestamp = FBUtilities.timestampMicros();
 +        // delete old, possibly obsolete entries in schema tables
 +        for (String table : ALL)
-             executeOnceInternal(String.format("DELETE FROM system.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", table), keyspace.name);
++        {
++            executeOnceInternal(String.format("DELETE FROM system.%s USING TIMESTAMP ? WHERE keyspace_name = ?", table),
++                                timestamp,
++                                keyspace.name);
++        }
 +        // (+1 to timestamp to make sure we don't get shadowed by the tombstones we just added)
-         makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, FBUtilities.timestampMicros() + 1).apply();
++        makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp + 1).apply();
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Collection<KSMetaData> readSchemaFromSystemTables()
 +    {
 +        List<Row> serializedSchema = getSchemaPartitionsForTable(KEYSPACES);
 +
 +        List<KSMetaData> keyspaces = new ArrayList<>(serializedSchema.size());
 +
 +        for (Row partition : serializedSchema)
 +        {
 +            if (isEmptySchemaPartition(partition) || isSystemKeyspaceSchemaPartition(partition))
 +                continue;
 +
 +            keyspaces.add(createKeyspaceFromSchemaPartitions(partition,
 +                                                             readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(COLUMNFAMILIES, partition.key),
 +                                                             readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(USERTYPES, partition.key)));
 +
 +            // Will be moved away in #6717
 +            for (UDFunction function : createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(FUNCTIONS, partition.key)).values())
 +                org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.Functions.addFunction(function);
 +
 +            // Will be moved away in #6717
 +            for (UDAggregate aggregate : createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(AGGREGATES, partition.key)).values())
 +                org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.Functions.addFunction(aggregate);
 +        }
 +
 +        return keyspaces;
 +    }
 +
 +    public static void truncateSchemaTables()
 +    {
 +        for (String table : ALL)
 +            getSchemaCFS(table).truncateBlocking();
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void flushSchemaTables()
 +    {
 +        for (String table : ALL)
 +            SystemKeyspace.forceBlockingFlush(table);
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * Read schema from system keyspace and calculate MD5 digest of every row, resulting digest
 +     * will be converted into UUID which would act as content-based version of the schema.
 +     */
 +    public static UUID calculateSchemaDigest()
 +    {
 +        MessageDigest digest;
 +        try
 +        {
 +            digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
 +        }
 +        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e)
 +        {
 +            throw new RuntimeException(e);
 +        }
 +
 +        for (String table : ALL)
 +        {
 +            for (Row partition : getSchemaPartitionsForTable(table))
 +            {
 +                if (isEmptySchemaPartition(partition) || isSystemKeyspaceSchemaPartition(partition))
 +                    continue;
 +
 +                // we want to digest only live columns
 +                ColumnFamilyStore.removeDeletedColumnsOnly(partition.cf, Integer.MAX_VALUE, SecondaryIndexManager.nullUpdater);
 +                partition.cf.purgeTombstones(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
 +                partition.cf.updateDigest(digest);
 +            }
 +        }
 +
 +        return UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes(digest.digest());
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * @param schemaTableName The name of the table responsible for part of the schema
 +     * @return CFS responsible to hold low-level serialized schema
 +     */
 +    private static ColumnFamilyStore getSchemaCFS(String schemaTableName)
 +    {
 +        return Keyspace.open(SystemKeyspace.NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(schemaTableName);
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * @param schemaTableName The name of the table responsible for part of the schema.
 +     * @return low-level schema representation
 +     */
 +    private static List<Row> getSchemaPartitionsForTable(String schemaTableName)
 +    {
 +        Token minToken = StorageService.getPartitioner().getMinimumToken();
 +        return getSchemaCFS(schemaTableName).getRangeSlice(new Range<RowPosition>(minToken.minKeyBound(), minToken.maxKeyBound()),
 +                                                           null,
 +                                                           new IdentityQueryFilter(),
 +                                                           Integer.MAX_VALUE,
 +                                                           System.currentTimeMillis());
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Collection<Mutation> convertSchemaToMutations()
 +    {
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, Mutation> mutationMap = new HashMap<>();
 +
 +        for (String table : ALL)
 +            convertSchemaToMutations(mutationMap, table);
 +
 +        return mutationMap.values();
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void convertSchemaToMutations(Map<DecoratedKey, Mutation> mutationMap, String schemaTableName)
 +    {
 +        for (Row partition : getSchemaPartitionsForTable(schemaTableName))
 +        {
 +            if (isSystemKeyspaceSchemaPartition(partition))
 +                continue;
 +
 +            Mutation mutation = mutationMap.get(partition.key);
 +            if (mutation == null)
 +            {
 +                mutation = new Mutation(SystemKeyspace.NAME, partition.key.getKey());
 +                mutationMap.put(partition.key, mutation);
 +            }
 +
 +            mutation.add(partition.cf);
 +        }
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> readSchemaForKeyspaces(String schemaTableName, Set<String> keyspaceNames)
 +    {
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> schema = new HashMap<>();
 +
 +        for (String keyspaceName : keyspaceNames)
 +        {
 +            Row schemaEntity = readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(schemaTableName, keyspaceName);
 +            if (schemaEntity.cf != null)
 +                schema.put(schemaEntity.key, schemaEntity.cf);
 +        }
 +
 +        return schema;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static ByteBuffer getSchemaKSKey(String ksName)
 +    {
 +        return AsciiType.instance.fromString(ksName);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Row readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(String schemaTableName, String keyspaceName)
 +    {
 +        DecoratedKey keyspaceKey = StorageService.getPartitioner().decorateKey(getSchemaKSKey(keyspaceName));
 +        return readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(schemaTableName, keyspaceKey);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Row readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(String schemaTableName, DecoratedKey keyspaceKey)
 +    {
 +        QueryFilter filter = QueryFilter.getIdentityFilter(keyspaceKey, schemaTableName, System.currentTimeMillis());
 +        return new Row(keyspaceKey, getSchemaCFS(schemaTableName).getColumnFamily(filter));
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Row readSchemaPartitionForTable(String schemaTableName, String keyspaceName, String tableName)
 +    {
 +        DecoratedKey key = StorageService.getPartitioner().decorateKey(getSchemaKSKey(keyspaceName));
 +        ColumnFamilyStore store = getSchemaCFS(schemaTableName);
 +        Composite prefix = store.getComparator().make(tableName);
 +        ColumnFamily cells = store.getColumnFamily(key, prefix, prefix.end(), false, Integer.MAX_VALUE, System.currentTimeMillis());
 +        return new Row(key, cells);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static boolean isEmptySchemaPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        return partition.cf == null || (partition.cf.isMarkedForDelete() && !partition.cf.hasColumns());
 +    }
 +
 +    private static boolean isSystemKeyspaceSchemaPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        return getSchemaKSKey(SystemKeyspace.NAME).equals(partition.key.getKey());
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * Merge remote schema in form of mutations with local and mutate ks/cf metadata objects
 +     * (which also involves fs operations on add/drop ks/cf)
 +     *
 +     * @param mutations the schema changes to apply
 +     *
 +     * @throws ConfigurationException If one of metadata attributes has invalid value
 +     * @throws IOException If data was corrupted during transportation or failed to apply fs operations
 +     */
 +    public static synchronized void mergeSchema(Collection<Mutation> mutations) throws ConfigurationException, IOException
 +    {
 +        mergeSchema(mutations, true);
 +        Schema.instance.updateVersionAndAnnounce();
 +    }
 +
 +    public static synchronized void mergeSchema(Collection<Mutation> mutations, boolean doFlush) throws IOException
 +    {
 +        // compare before/after schemas of the affected keyspaces only
 +        Set<String> keyspaces = new HashSet<>(mutations.size());
 +        for (Mutation mutation : mutations)
 +            keyspaces.add(ByteBufferUtil.string(mutation.key()));
 +
 +        // current state of the schema
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> oldKeyspaces = readSchemaForKeyspaces(KEYSPACES, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> oldColumnFamilies = readSchemaForKeyspaces(COLUMNFAMILIES, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> oldTypes = readSchemaForKeyspaces(USERTYPES, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> oldFunctions = readSchemaForKeyspaces(FUNCTIONS, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> oldAggregates = readSchemaForKeyspaces(AGGREGATES, keyspaces);
 +
 +        for (Mutation mutation : mutations)
 +            mutation.apply();
 +
 +        if (doFlush)
 +            flushSchemaTables();
 +
 +        // with new data applied
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> newKeyspaces = readSchemaForKeyspaces(KEYSPACES, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> newColumnFamilies = readSchemaForKeyspaces(COLUMNFAMILIES, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> newTypes = readSchemaForKeyspaces(USERTYPES, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> newFunctions = readSchemaForKeyspaces(FUNCTIONS, keyspaces);
 +        Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> newAggregates = readSchemaForKeyspaces(AGGREGATES, keyspaces);
 +
 +        Set<String> keyspacesToDrop = mergeKeyspaces(oldKeyspaces, newKeyspaces);
 +        mergeTables(oldColumnFamilies, newColumnFamilies);
 +        mergeTypes(oldTypes, newTypes);
 +        mergeFunctions(oldFunctions, newFunctions);
 +        mergeAggregates(oldAggregates, newAggregates);
 +
 +        // it is safe to drop a keyspace only when all nested ColumnFamilies where deleted
 +        for (String keyspaceToDrop : keyspacesToDrop)
 +            Schema.instance.dropKeyspace(keyspaceToDrop);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Set<String> mergeKeyspaces(Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> before, Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> after)
 +    {
 +        List<Row> created = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<String> altered = new ArrayList<>();
 +        Set<String> dropped = new HashSet<>();
 +
 +        /*
 +         * - we don't care about entriesOnlyOnLeft() or entriesInCommon(), because only the changes are of interest to us
 +         * - of all entriesOnlyOnRight(), we only care about ones that have live columns; it's possible to have a ColumnFamily
 +         *   there that only has the top-level deletion, if:
 +         *      a) a pushed DROP KEYSPACE change for a keyspace hadn't ever made it to this node in the first place
 +         *      b) a pulled dropped keyspace that got dropped before it could find a way to this node
 +         * - of entriesDiffering(), we don't care about the scenario where both pre and post-values have zero live columns:
 +         *   that means that a keyspace had been recreated and dropped, and the recreated keyspace had never found a way
 +         *   to this node
 +         */
 +        MapDifference<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> diff = Maps.difference(before, after);
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> entry : diff.entriesOnlyOnRight().entrySet())
 +            if (entry.getValue().hasColumns())
 +                created.add(new Row(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, MapDifference.ValueDifference<ColumnFamily>> entry : diff.entriesDiffering().entrySet())
 +        {
 +            String keyspaceName = AsciiType.instance.compose(entry.getKey().getKey());
 +
 +            ColumnFamily pre  = entry.getValue().leftValue();
 +            ColumnFamily post = entry.getValue().rightValue();
 +
 +            if (pre.hasColumns() && post.hasColumns())
 +                altered.add(keyspaceName);
 +            else if (pre.hasColumns())
 +                dropped.add(keyspaceName);
 +            else if (post.hasColumns()) // a (re)created keyspace
 +                created.add(new Row(entry.getKey(), post));
 +        }
 +
 +        for (Row row : created)
 +            Schema.instance.addKeyspace(createKeyspaceFromSchemaPartition(row));
 +        for (String name : altered)
 +            Schema.instance.updateKeyspace(name);
 +        return dropped;
 +    }
 +
 +    // see the comments for mergeKeyspaces()
 +    private static void mergeTables(Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> before, Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> after)
 +    {
 +        List<CFMetaData> created = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<CFMetaData> altered = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<CFMetaData> dropped = new ArrayList<>();
 +
 +        MapDifference<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> diff = Maps.difference(before, after);
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> entry : diff.entriesOnlyOnRight().entrySet())
 +            if (entry.getValue().hasColumns())
 +                created.addAll(createTablesFromTablesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())).values());
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, MapDifference.ValueDifference<ColumnFamily>> entry : diff.entriesDiffering().entrySet())
 +        {
 +            String keyspaceName = AsciiType.instance.compose(entry.getKey().getKey());
 +
 +            ColumnFamily pre  = entry.getValue().leftValue();
 +            ColumnFamily post = entry.getValue().rightValue();
 +
 +            if (pre.hasColumns() && post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                MapDifference<String, CFMetaData> delta =
 +                    Maps.difference(Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(keyspaceName).cfMetaData(),
 +                                    createTablesFromTablesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)));
 +
 +                dropped.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnLeft().values());
 +                created.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnRight().values());
 +                Iterables.addAll(altered, Iterables.transform(delta.entriesDiffering().values(), new Function<MapDifference.ValueDifference<CFMetaData>, CFMetaData>()
 +                {
 +                    public CFMetaData apply(MapDifference.ValueDifference<CFMetaData> pair)
 +                    {
 +                        return pair.rightValue();
 +                    }
 +                }));
 +            }
 +            else if (pre.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                dropped.addAll(Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(keyspaceName).cfMetaData().values());
 +            }
 +            else if (post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                created.addAll(createTablesFromTablesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)).values());
 +            }
 +        }
 +
 +        for (CFMetaData cfm : created)
 +            Schema.instance.addTable(cfm);
 +        for (CFMetaData cfm : altered)
 +            Schema.instance.updateTable(cfm.ksName, cfm.cfName);
 +        for (CFMetaData cfm : dropped)
 +            Schema.instance.dropTable(cfm.ksName, cfm.cfName);
 +    }
 +
 +    // see the comments for mergeKeyspaces()
 +    private static void mergeTypes(Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> before, Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> after)
 +    {
 +        List<UserType> created = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<UserType> altered = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<UserType> dropped = new ArrayList<>();
 +
 +        MapDifference<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> diff = Maps.difference(before, after);
 +
 +        // New keyspace with types
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> entry : diff.entriesOnlyOnRight().entrySet())
 +            if (entry.getValue().hasColumns())
 +                created.addAll(createTypesFromPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())).values());
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, MapDifference.ValueDifference<ColumnFamily>> entry : diff.entriesDiffering().entrySet())
 +        {
 +            String keyspaceName = AsciiType.instance.compose(entry.getKey().getKey());
 +
 +            ColumnFamily pre  = entry.getValue().leftValue();
 +            ColumnFamily post = entry.getValue().rightValue();
 +
 +            if (pre.hasColumns() && post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                MapDifference<ByteBuffer, UserType> delta =
 +                    Maps.difference(Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(keyspaceName).userTypes.getAllTypes(),
 +                                    createTypesFromPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)));
 +
 +                dropped.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnLeft().values());
 +                created.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnRight().values());
 +                Iterables.addAll(altered, Iterables.transform(delta.entriesDiffering().values(), new Function<MapDifference.ValueDifference<UserType>, UserType>()
 +                {
 +                    public UserType apply(MapDifference.ValueDifference<UserType> pair)
 +                    {
 +                        return pair.rightValue();
 +                    }
 +                }));
 +            }
 +            else if (pre.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                dropped.addAll(Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(keyspaceName).userTypes.getAllTypes().values());
 +            }
 +            else if (post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                created.addAll(createTypesFromPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)).values());
 +            }
 +        }
 +
 +        for (UserType type : created)
 +            Schema.instance.addType(type);
 +        for (UserType type : altered)
 +            Schema.instance.updateType(type);
 +        for (UserType type : dropped)
 +            Schema.instance.dropType(type);
 +    }
 +
 +    // see the comments for mergeKeyspaces()
 +    private static void mergeFunctions(Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> before, Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> after)
 +    {
 +        List<UDFunction> created = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<UDFunction> altered = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<UDFunction> dropped = new ArrayList<>();
 +
 +        MapDifference<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> diff = Maps.difference(before, after);
 +
 +        // New keyspace with functions
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> entry : diff.entriesOnlyOnRight().entrySet())
 +            if (entry.getValue().hasColumns())
 +                created.addAll(createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())).values());
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, MapDifference.ValueDifference<ColumnFamily>> entry : diff.entriesDiffering().entrySet())
 +        {
 +            ColumnFamily pre = entry.getValue().leftValue();
 +            ColumnFamily post = entry.getValue().rightValue();
 +
 +            if (pre.hasColumns() && post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                MapDifference<ByteBuffer, UDFunction> delta =
 +                    Maps.difference(createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), pre)),
 +                                    createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)));
 +
 +                dropped.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnLeft().values());
 +                created.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnRight().values());
 +                Iterables.addAll(altered, Iterables.transform(delta.entriesDiffering().values(), new Function<MapDifference.ValueDifference<UDFunction>, UDFunction>()
 +                {
 +                    public UDFunction apply(MapDifference.ValueDifference<UDFunction> pair)
 +                    {
 +                        return pair.rightValue();
 +                    }
 +                }));
 +            }
 +            else if (pre.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                dropped.addAll(createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), pre)).values());
 +            }
 +            else if (post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                created.addAll(createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)).values());
 +            }
 +        }
 +
 +        for (UDFunction udf : created)
 +            Schema.instance.addFunction(udf);
 +        for (UDFunction udf : altered)
 +            Schema.instance.updateFunction(udf);
 +        for (UDFunction udf : dropped)
 +            Schema.instance.dropFunction(udf);
 +    }
 +
 +    // see the comments for mergeKeyspaces()
 +    private static void mergeAggregates(Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> before, Map<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> after)
 +    {
 +        List<UDAggregate> created = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<UDAggregate> altered = new ArrayList<>();
 +        List<UDAggregate> dropped = new ArrayList<>();
 +
 +        MapDifference<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> diff = Maps.difference(before, after);
 +
 +        // New keyspace with functions
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, ColumnFamily> entry : diff.entriesOnlyOnRight().entrySet())
 +            if (entry.getValue().hasColumns())
 +                created.addAll(createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())).values());
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<DecoratedKey, MapDifference.ValueDifference<ColumnFamily>> entry : diff.entriesDiffering().entrySet())
 +        {
 +            ColumnFamily pre = entry.getValue().leftValue();
 +            ColumnFamily post = entry.getValue().rightValue();
 +
 +            if (pre.hasColumns() && post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                MapDifference<ByteBuffer, UDAggregate> delta =
 +                    Maps.difference(createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), pre)),
 +                                    createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)));
 +
 +                dropped.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnLeft().values());
 +                created.addAll(delta.entriesOnlyOnRight().values());
 +                Iterables.addAll(altered, Iterables.transform(delta.entriesDiffering().values(), new Function<MapDifference.ValueDifference<UDAggregate>, UDAggregate>()
 +                {
 +                    public UDAggregate apply(MapDifference.ValueDifference<UDAggregate> pair)
 +                    {
 +                        return pair.rightValue();
 +                    }
 +                }));
 +            }
 +            else if (pre.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                dropped.addAll(createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), pre)).values());
 +            }
 +            else if (post.hasColumns())
 +            {
 +                created.addAll(createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(new Row(entry.getKey(), post)).values());
 +            }
 +        }
 +
 +        for (UDAggregate udf : created)
 +            Schema.instance.addAggregate(udf);
 +        for (UDAggregate udf : altered)
 +            Schema.instance.updateAggregate(udf);
 +        for (UDAggregate udf : dropped)
 +            Schema.instance.dropAggregate(udf);
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * Keyspace metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        return makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, true);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Mutation makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, long timestamp, boolean withTablesAndTypesAndFunctions)
 +    {
 +        Mutation mutation = new Mutation(SystemKeyspace.NAME, getSchemaKSKey(keyspace.name));
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Keyspaces);
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, Keyspaces.comparator.builder().build(), timestamp);
 +
 +        adder.add("durable_writes", keyspace.durableWrites);
 +        adder.add("strategy_class", keyspace.strategyClass.getName());
 +        adder.add("strategy_options", json(keyspace.strategyOptions));
 +
 +        if (withTablesAndTypesAndFunctions)
 +        {
 +            for (UserType type : keyspace.userTypes.getAllTypes().values())
 +                addTypeToSchemaMutation(type, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +            for (CFMetaData table : keyspace.cfMetaData().values())
 +                addTableToSchemaMutation(table, timestamp, true, mutation);
 +        }
 +
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeDropKeyspaceMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        Mutation mutation = new Mutation(SystemKeyspace.NAME, getSchemaKSKey(keyspace.name));
 +        for (String schemaTable : ALL)
 +            mutation.delete(schemaTable, timestamp);
 +        mutation.delete(SystemKeyspace.BUILT_INDEXES, timestamp);
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static KSMetaData createKeyspaceFromSchemaPartitions(Row serializedKeyspace, Row serializedTables, Row serializedTypes)
 +    {
 +        Collection<CFMetaData> tables = createTablesFromTablesPartition(serializedTables).values();
 +        UTMetaData types = new UTMetaData(createTypesFromPartition(serializedTypes));
 +        return createKeyspaceFromSchemaPartition(serializedKeyspace).cloneWith(tables, types);
 +    }
 +
 +    public static KSMetaData createKeyspaceFromName(String keyspace)
 +    {
 +        Row partition = readSchemaPartitionForKeyspace(KEYSPACES, keyspace);
 +
 +        if (isEmptySchemaPartition(partition))
 +            throw new RuntimeException(String.format("%s not found in the schema definitions keyspaceName (%s).", keyspace, KEYSPACES));
 +
 +        return createKeyspaceFromSchemaPartition(partition);
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * Deserialize only Keyspace attributes without nested tables or types
 +     *
 +     * @param partition Keyspace attributes in serialized form
 +     */
 +    private static KSMetaData createKeyspaceFromSchemaPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, KEYSPACES);
 +        UntypedResultSet.Row row = QueryProcessor.resultify(query, partition).one();
 +        return new KSMetaData(row.getString("keyspace_name"),
 +                              AbstractReplicationStrategy.getClass(row.getString("strategy_class")),
 +                              fromJsonMap(row.getString("strategy_options")),
 +                              row.getBoolean("durable_writes"));
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * User type metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeCreateTypeMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, UserType type, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +        addTypeToSchemaMutation(type, timestamp, mutation);
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void addTypeToSchemaMutation(UserType type, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Usertypes);
 +
 +        Composite prefix = Usertypes.comparator.make(type.name);
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, prefix, timestamp);
 +
 +        adder.resetCollection("field_names");
 +        adder.resetCollection("field_types");
 +
 +        for (int i = 0; i < type.size(); i++)
 +        {
 +            adder.addListEntry("field_names", type.fieldName(i));
 +            adder.addListEntry("field_types", type.fieldType(i).toString());
 +        }
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Mutation dropTypeFromSchemaMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, UserType type, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Usertypes);
 +        int ldt = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
 +
 +        Composite prefix = Usertypes.comparator.make(type.name);
 +        cells.addAtom(new RangeTombstone(prefix, prefix.end(), timestamp, ldt));
 +
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Map<ByteBuffer, UserType> createTypesFromPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, USERTYPES);
 +        Map<ByteBuffer, UserType> types = new HashMap<>();
 +        for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : QueryProcessor.resultify(query, partition))
 +        {
 +            UserType type = createTypeFromRow(row);
 +            types.put(type.name, type);
 +        }
 +        return types;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static UserType createTypeFromRow(UntypedResultSet.Row row)
 +    {
 +        String keyspace = row.getString("keyspace_name");
 +        ByteBuffer name = ByteBufferUtil.bytes(row.getString("type_name"));
 +        List<String> rawColumns = row.getList("field_names", UTF8Type.instance);
 +        List<String> rawTypes = row.getList("field_types", UTF8Type.instance);
 +
 +        List<ByteBuffer> columns = new ArrayList<>(rawColumns.size());
 +        for (String rawColumn : rawColumns)
 +            columns.add(ByteBufferUtil.bytes(rawColumn));
 +
 +        List<AbstractType<?>> types = new ArrayList<>(rawTypes.size());
 +        for (String rawType : rawTypes)
 +            types.add(parseType(rawType));
 +
 +        return new UserType(keyspace, name, columns, types);
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * Table metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeCreateTableMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, CFMetaData table, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +        addTableToSchemaMutation(table, timestamp, true, mutation);
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void addTableToSchemaMutation(CFMetaData table, long timestamp, boolean withColumnsAndTriggers, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        // For property that can be null (and can be changed), we insert tombstones, to make sure
 +        // we don't keep a property the user has removed
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Columnfamilies);
 +        Composite prefix = Columnfamilies.comparator.make(table.cfName);
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, prefix, timestamp);
 +
 +        adder.add("cf_id", table.cfId);
 +        adder.add("type", table.cfType.toString());
 +
 +        if (table.isSuper())
 +        {
 +            // We need to continue saving the comparator and subcomparator separatly, otherwise
 +            // we won't know at deserialization if the subcomparator should be taken into account
 +            // TODO: we should implement an on-start migration if we want to get rid of that.
 +            adder.add("comparator", table.comparator.subtype(0).toString());
 +            adder.add("subcomparator", table.comparator.subtype(1).toString());
 +        }
 +        else
 +        {
 +            adder.add("comparator", table.comparator.toString());
 +        }
 +
 +        adder.add("bloom_filter_fp_chance", table.getBloomFilterFpChance());
 +        adder.add("caching", table.getCaching().toString());
 +        adder.add("comment", table.getComment());
 +        adder.add("compaction_strategy_class", table.compactionStrategyClass.getName());
 +        adder.add("compaction_strategy_options", json(table.compactionStrategyOptions));
 +        adder.add("compression_parameters", json(table.compressionParameters.asThriftOptions()));
 +        adder.add("default_time_to_live", table.getDefaultTimeToLive());
 +        adder.add("default_validator", table.getDefaultValidator().toString());
 +        adder.add("gc_grace_seconds", table.getGcGraceSeconds());
 +        adder.add("key_validator", table.getKeyValidator().toString());
 +        adder.add("local_read_repair_chance", table.getDcLocalReadRepairChance());
 +        adder.add("max_compaction_threshold", table.getMaxCompactionThreshold());
 +        adder.add("max_index_interval", table.getMaxIndexInterval());
 +        adder.add("memtable_flush_period_in_ms", table.getMemtableFlushPeriod());
 +        adder.add("min_compaction_threshold", table.getMinCompactionThreshold());
 +        adder.add("min_index_interval", table.getMinIndexInterval());
 +        adder.add("read_repair_chance", table.getReadRepairChance());
 +        adder.add("speculative_retry", table.getSpeculativeRetry().toString());
 +
 +        for (Map.Entry<ColumnIdentifier, Long> entry : table.getDroppedColumns().entrySet())
 +            adder.addMapEntry("dropped_columns", entry.getKey().toString(), entry.getValue());
 +
 +        adder.add("is_dense", table.getIsDense());
 +
 +        if (withColumnsAndTriggers)
 +        {
 +            for (ColumnDefinition column : table.allColumns())
 +                addColumnToSchemaMutation(table, column, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +            for (TriggerDefinition trigger : table.getTriggers().values())
 +                addTriggerToSchemaMutation(table, trigger, timestamp, mutation);
 +        }
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeUpdateTableMutation(KSMetaData keyspace,
 +                                                   CFMetaData oldTable,
 +                                                   CFMetaData newTable,
 +                                                   long timestamp,
 +                                                   boolean fromThrift)
 +    {
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +
 +        addTableToSchemaMutation(newTable, timestamp, false, mutation);
 +
 +        MapDifference<ByteBuffer, ColumnDefinition> columnDiff = Maps.difference(oldTable.getColumnMetadata(),
 +                                                                                 newTable.getColumnMetadata());
 +
 +        // columns that are no longer needed
 +        for (ColumnDefinition column : columnDiff.entriesOnlyOnLeft().values())
 +        {
 +            // Thrift only knows about the REGULAR ColumnDefinition type, so don't consider other type
 +            // are being deleted just because they are not here.
 +            if (fromThrift && column.kind != ColumnDefinition.Kind.REGULAR)
 +                continue;
 +
 +            dropColumnFromSchemaMutation(oldTable, column, timestamp, mutation);
 +        }
 +
 +        // newly added columns
 +        for (ColumnDefinition column : columnDiff.entriesOnlyOnRight().values())
 +            addColumnToSchemaMutation(newTable, column, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +        // old columns with updated attributes
 +        for (ByteBuffer name : columnDiff.entriesDiffering().keySet())
 +            addColumnToSchemaMutation(newTable, newTable.getColumnDefinition(name), timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +        MapDifference<String, TriggerDefinition> triggerDiff = Maps.difference(oldTable.getTriggers(), newTable.getTriggers());
 +
 +        // dropped triggers
 +        for (TriggerDefinition trigger : triggerDiff.entriesOnlyOnLeft().values())
 +            dropTriggerFromSchemaMutation(oldTable, trigger, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +        // newly created triggers
 +        for (TriggerDefinition trigger : triggerDiff.entriesOnlyOnRight().values())
 +            addTriggerToSchemaMutation(newTable, trigger, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeDropTableMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, CFMetaData table, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Columnfamilies);
 +        int ldt = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
 +
 +        Composite prefix = Columnfamilies.comparator.make(table.cfName);
 +        cells.addAtom(new RangeTombstone(prefix, prefix.end(), timestamp, ldt));
 +
 +        for (ColumnDefinition column : table.allColumns())
 +            dropColumnFromSchemaMutation(table, column, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +        for (TriggerDefinition trigger : table.getTriggers().values())
 +            dropTriggerFromSchemaMutation(table, trigger, timestamp, mutation);
 +
 +        // TODO: get rid of in #6717
 +        ColumnFamily indexCells = mutation.addOrGet(SystemKeyspace.BuiltIndexes);
 +        for (String indexName : Keyspace.open(keyspace.name).getColumnFamilyStore(table.cfName).getBuiltIndexes())
 +            indexCells.addTombstone(indexCells.getComparator().makeCellName(indexName), ldt, timestamp);
 +
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    public static CFMetaData createTableFromName(String keyspace, String table)
 +    {
 +        Row partition = readSchemaPartitionForTable(COLUMNFAMILIES, keyspace, table);
 +
 +        if (isEmptySchemaPartition(partition))
 +            throw new RuntimeException(String.format("%s:%s not found in the schema definitions keyspace.", keyspace, table));
 +
 +        return createTableFromTablePartition(partition);
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * Deserialize tables from low-level schema representation, all of them belong to the same keyspace
 +     *
 +     * @return map containing name of the table and its metadata for faster lookup
 +     */
 +    private static Map<String, CFMetaData> createTablesFromTablesPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        if (partition.cf == null)
 +            return Collections.emptyMap();
 +
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, COLUMNFAMILIES);
 +        Map<String, CFMetaData> tables = new HashMap<>();
 +        for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : QueryProcessor.resultify(query, partition))
 +        {
 +            CFMetaData cfm = createTableFromTableRow(row);
 +            tables.put(cfm.cfName, cfm);
 +        }
 +        return tables;
 +    }
 +
 +    public static CFMetaData createTableFromTablePartitionAndColumnsPartition(Row serializedTable, Row serializedColumns)
 +    {
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, COLUMNFAMILIES);
 +        return createTableFromTableRowAndColumnsPartition(QueryProcessor.resultify(query, serializedTable).one(), serializedColumns);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static CFMetaData createTableFromTableRowAndColumnsPartition(UntypedResultSet.Row tableRow, Row serializedColumns)
 +    {
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, COLUMNS);
 +        return createTableFromTableRowAndColumnRows(tableRow, QueryProcessor.resultify(query, serializedColumns));
 +    }
 +
 +    private static CFMetaData createTableFromTablePartition(Row row)
 +    {
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, COLUMNFAMILIES);
 +        return createTableFromTableRow(QueryProcessor.resultify(query, row).one());
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * Deserialize table metadata from low-level representation
 +     *
 +     * @return Metadata deserialized from schema
 +     */
 +    private static CFMetaData createTableFromTableRow(UntypedResultSet.Row result)
 +    {
 +        String ksName = result.getString("keyspace_name");
 +        String cfName = result.getString("columnfamily_name");
 +
 +        Row serializedColumns = readSchemaPartitionForTable(COLUMNS, ksName, cfName);
 +        CFMetaData cfm = createTableFromTableRowAndColumnsPartition(result, serializedColumns);
 +
 +        Row serializedTriggers = readSchemaPartitionForTable(TRIGGERS, ksName, cfName);
 +        for (TriggerDefinition trigger : createTriggersFromTriggersPartition(serializedTriggers))
 +            cfm.addTriggerDefinition(trigger);
 +
 +        return cfm;
 +    }
 +
 +    public static CFMetaData createTableFromTableRowAndColumnRows(UntypedResultSet.Row result,
 +                                                                  UntypedResultSet serializedColumnDefinitions)
 +    {
 +        String ksName = result.getString("keyspace_name");
 +        String cfName = result.getString("columnfamily_name");
 +
 +        AbstractType<?> rawComparator = TypeParser.parse(result.getString("comparator"));
 +        AbstractType<?> subComparator = result.has("subcomparator") ? TypeParser.parse(result.getString("subcomparator")) : null;
 +        ColumnFamilyType cfType = ColumnFamilyType.valueOf(result.getString("type"));
 +
 +        AbstractType<?> fullRawComparator = CFMetaData.makeRawAbstractType(rawComparator, subComparator);
 +
 +        List<ColumnDefinition> columnDefs = createColumnsFromColumnRows(serializedColumnDefinitions,
 +                                                                        ksName,
 +                                                                        cfName,
 +                                                                        fullRawComparator,
 +                                                                        cfType == ColumnFamilyType.Super);
 +
 +        boolean isDense = result.has("is_dense")
 +                        ? result.getBoolean("is_dense")
 +                        : CFMetaData.calculateIsDense(fullRawComparator, columnDefs);
 +
 +        CellNameType comparator = CellNames.fromAbstractType(fullRawComparator, isDense);
 +
 +        // if we are upgrading, we use id generated from names initially
 +        UUID cfId = result.has("cf_id")
 +                  ? result.getUUID("cf_id")
 +                  : CFMetaData.generateLegacyCfId(ksName, cfName);
 +
 +        CFMetaData cfm = new CFMetaData(ksName, cfName, cfType, comparator, cfId);
 +        cfm.isDense(isDense);
 +
 +        cfm.readRepairChance(result.getDouble("read_repair_chance"));
 +        cfm.dcLocalReadRepairChance(result.getDouble("local_read_repair_chance"));
 +        cfm.gcGraceSeconds(result.getInt("gc_grace_seconds"));
 +        cfm.defaultValidator(TypeParser.parse(result.getString("default_validator")));
 +        cfm.keyValidator(TypeParser.parse(result.getString("key_validator")));
 +        cfm.minCompactionThreshold(result.getInt("min_compaction_threshold"));
 +        cfm.maxCompactionThreshold(result.getInt("max_compaction_threshold"));
 +        if (result.has("comment"))
 +            cfm.comment(result.getString("comment"));
 +        if (result.has("memtable_flush_period_in_ms"))
 +            cfm.memtableFlushPeriod(result.getInt("memtable_flush_period_in_ms"));
 +        cfm.caching(CachingOptions.fromString(result.getString("caching")));
 +        if (result.has("default_time_to_live"))
 +            cfm.defaultTimeToLive(result.getInt("default_time_to_live"));
 +        if (result.has("speculative_retry"))
 +            cfm.speculativeRetry(CFMetaData.SpeculativeRetry.fromString(result.getString("speculative_retry")));
 +        cfm.compactionStrategyClass(CFMetaData.createCompactionStrategy(result.getString("compaction_strategy_class")));
 +        cfm.compressionParameters(CompressionParameters.create(fromJsonMap(result.getString("compression_parameters"))));
 +        cfm.compactionStrategyOptions(fromJsonMap(result.getString("compaction_strategy_options")));
 +
 +        if (result.has("min_index_interval"))
 +            cfm.minIndexInterval(result.getInt("min_index_interval"));
 +
 +        if (result.has("max_index_interval"))
 +            cfm.maxIndexInterval(result.getInt("max_index_interval"));
 +
 +        if (result.has("bloom_filter_fp_chance"))
 +            cfm.bloomFilterFpChance(result.getDouble("bloom_filter_fp_chance"));
 +        else
 +            cfm.bloomFilterFpChance(cfm.getBloomFilterFpChance());
 +
 +        if (result.has("dropped_columns"))
 +            cfm.droppedColumns(convertDroppedColumns(result.getMap("dropped_columns", UTF8Type.instance, LongType.instance)));
 +
 +        for (ColumnDefinition cd : columnDefs)
 +            cfm.addOrReplaceColumnDefinition(cd);
 +
 +        return cfm.rebuild();
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Map<ColumnIdentifier, Long> convertDroppedColumns(Map<String, Long> raw)
 +    {
 +        Map<ColumnIdentifier, Long> converted = Maps.newHashMap();
 +        for (Map.Entry<String, Long> entry : raw.entrySet())
 +            converted.put(new ColumnIdentifier(entry.getKey(), true), entry.getValue());
 +        return converted;
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * Column metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    private static void addColumnToSchemaMutation(CFMetaData table, ColumnDefinition column, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Columns);
 +        Composite prefix = Columns.comparator.make(table.cfName, column.name.toString());
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, prefix, timestamp);
 +
 +        adder.add("validator", column.type.toString());
 +        adder.add("type", serializeKind(column.kind));
 +        adder.add("component_index", column.isOnAllComponents() ? null : column.position());
 +        adder.add("index_name", column.getIndexName());
 +        adder.add("index_type", column.getIndexType() == null ? null : column.getIndexType().toString());
 +        adder.add("index_options", json(column.getIndexOptions()));
 +    }
 +
 +    private static String serializeKind(ColumnDefinition.Kind kind)
 +    {
 +        // For backward compatibility we need to special case CLUSTERING_COLUMN
 +        return kind == ColumnDefinition.Kind.CLUSTERING_COLUMN ? "clustering_key" : kind.toString().toLowerCase();
 +    }
 +
 +    private static ColumnDefinition.Kind deserializeKind(String kind)
 +    {
 +        if (kind.equalsIgnoreCase("clustering_key"))
 +            return ColumnDefinition.Kind.CLUSTERING_COLUMN;
 +        return Enum.valueOf(ColumnDefinition.Kind.class, kind.toUpperCase());
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void dropColumnFromSchemaMutation(CFMetaData table, ColumnDefinition column, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Columns);
 +        int ldt = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
 +
 +        // Note: we do want to use name.toString(), not name.bytes directly for backward compatibility (For CQL3, this won't make a difference).
 +        Composite prefix = Columns.comparator.make(table.cfName, column.name.toString());
 +        cells.addAtom(new RangeTombstone(prefix, prefix.end(), timestamp, ldt));
 +    }
 +
 +    private static List<ColumnDefinition> createColumnsFromColumnRows(UntypedResultSet rows,
 +                                                                      String keyspace,
 +                                                                      String table,
 +                                                                      AbstractType<?> rawComparator,
 +                                                                      boolean isSuper)
 +    {
 +        List<ColumnDefinition> columns = new ArrayList<>();
 +        for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : rows)
 +            columns.add(createColumnFromColumnRow(row, keyspace, table, rawComparator, isSuper));
 +        return columns;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static ColumnDefinition createColumnFromColumnRow(UntypedResultSet.Row row,
 +                                                              String keyspace,
 +                                                              String table,
 +                                                              AbstractType<?> rawComparator,
 +                                                              boolean isSuper)
 +    {
 +        ColumnDefinition.Kind kind = deserializeKind(row.getString("type"));
 +
 +        Integer componentIndex = null;
 +        if (row.has("component_index"))
 +            componentIndex = row.getInt("component_index");
 +        else if (kind == ColumnDefinition.Kind.CLUSTERING_COLUMN && isSuper)
 +            componentIndex = 1; // A ColumnDefinition for super columns applies to the column component
 +
 +        // Note: we save the column name as string, but we should not assume that it is an UTF8 name, we
 +        // we need to use the comparator fromString method
 +        AbstractType<?> comparator = kind == ColumnDefinition.Kind.REGULAR
 +                                   ? getComponentComparator(rawComparator, componentIndex)
 +                                   : UTF8Type.instance;
 +        ColumnIdentifier name = new ColumnIdentifier(comparator.fromString(row.getString("column_name")), comparator);
 +
 +        AbstractType<?> validator = parseType(row.getString("validator"));
 +
 +        IndexType indexType = null;
 +        if (row.has("index_type"))
 +            indexType = IndexType.valueOf(row.getString("index_type"));
 +
 +        Map<String, String> indexOptions = null;
 +        if (row.has("index_options"))
 +            indexOptions = fromJsonMap(row.getString("index_options"));
 +
 +        String indexName = null;
 +        if (row.has("index_name"))
 +            indexName = row.getString("index_name");
 +
 +        return new ColumnDefinition(keyspace, table, name, validator, indexType, indexOptions, indexName, componentIndex, kind);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static AbstractType<?> getComponentComparator(AbstractType<?> rawComparator, Integer componentIndex)
 +    {
 +        return (componentIndex == null || (componentIndex == 0 && !(rawComparator instanceof CompositeType)))
 +               ? rawComparator
 +               : ((CompositeType)rawComparator).types.get(componentIndex);
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * Trigger metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    private static void addTriggerToSchemaMutation(CFMetaData table, TriggerDefinition trigger, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Triggers);
 +        Composite prefix = Triggers.comparator.make(table.cfName, trigger.name);
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, prefix, timestamp);
 +        adder.addMapEntry("trigger_options", "class", trigger.classOption);
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void dropTriggerFromSchemaMutation(CFMetaData table, TriggerDefinition trigger, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Triggers);
 +        int ldt = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
 +
 +        Composite prefix = Triggers.comparator.make(table.cfName, trigger.name);
 +        cells.addAtom(new RangeTombstone(prefix, prefix.end(), timestamp, ldt));
 +    }
 +
 +    /**
 +     * Deserialize triggers from storage-level representation.
 +     *
 +     * @param partition storage-level partition containing the trigger definitions
 +     * @return the list of processed TriggerDefinitions
 +     */
 +    private static List<TriggerDefinition> createTriggersFromTriggersPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        List<TriggerDefinition> triggers = new ArrayList<>();
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, TRIGGERS);
 +        for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : QueryProcessor.resultify(query, partition))
 +        {
 +            String name = row.getString("trigger_name");
 +            String classOption = row.getMap("trigger_options", UTF8Type.instance, UTF8Type.instance).get("class");
 +            triggers.add(new TriggerDefinition(name, classOption));
 +        }
 +        return triggers;
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * UDF metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeCreateFunctionMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, UDFunction function, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +        addFunctionToSchemaMutation(function, timestamp, mutation);
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void addFunctionToSchemaMutation(UDFunction function, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Functions);
 +        Composite prefix = Functions.comparator.make(function.name().name, functionSignatureWithTypes(function));
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, prefix, timestamp);
 +
 +        adder.resetCollection("argument_names");
 +        adder.resetCollection("argument_types");
 +
 +        for (int i = 0; i < function.argNames().size(); i++)
 +        {
 +            adder.addListEntry("argument_names", function.argNames().get(i).bytes);
 +            adder.addListEntry("argument_types", function.argTypes().get(i).toString());
 +        }
 +
 +        adder.add("body", function.body());
 +        adder.add("language", function.language());
 +        adder.add("return_type", function.returnType().toString());
 +        adder.add("called_on_null_input", function.isCalledOnNullInput());
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeDropFunctionMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, UDFunction function, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Functions);
 +        int ldt = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
 +
 +        Composite prefix = Functions.comparator.make(function.name().name, functionSignatureWithTypes(function));
 +        cells.addAtom(new RangeTombstone(prefix, prefix.end(), timestamp, ldt));
 +
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Map<ByteBuffer, UDFunction> createFunctionsFromFunctionsPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        Map<ByteBuffer, UDFunction> functions = new HashMap<>();
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, FUNCTIONS);
 +        for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : QueryProcessor.resultify(query, partition))
 +        {
 +            UDFunction function = createFunctionFromFunctionRow(row);
 +            functions.put(functionSignatureWithNameAndTypes(function), function);
 +        }
 +        return functions;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static UDFunction createFunctionFromFunctionRow(UntypedResultSet.Row row)
 +    {
 +        String ksName = row.getString("keyspace_name");
 +        String functionName = row.getString("function_name");
 +        FunctionName name = new FunctionName(ksName, functionName);
 +
 +        List<ColumnIdentifier> argNames = new ArrayList<>();
 +        if (row.has("argument_names"))
 +            for (String arg : row.getList("argument_names", UTF8Type.instance))
 +                argNames.add(new ColumnIdentifier(arg, true));
 +
 +        List<AbstractType<?>> argTypes = new ArrayList<>();
 +        if (row.has("argument_types"))
 +            for (String type : row.getList("argument_types", UTF8Type.instance))
 +                argTypes.add(parseType(type));
 +
 +        AbstractType<?> returnType = parseType(row.getString("return_type"));
 +
 +        String language = row.getString("language");
 +        String body = row.getString("body");
 +        boolean calledOnNullInput = row.getBoolean("called_on_null_input");
 +
 +        org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.Function existing = org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.Functions.find(name, argTypes);
 +        if (existing instanceof UDFunction)
 +        {
 +            // This check prevents duplicate compilation of effectively the same UDF.
 +            // Duplicate compilation attempts can occur on the coordinator node handling the CREATE FUNCTION
 +            // statement, since CreateFunctionStatement needs to execute UDFunction.create but schema migration
 +            // also needs that (since it needs to handle its own change).
 +            UDFunction udf = (UDFunction) existing;
 +            if (udf.argNames().equals(argNames) && // arg types checked in Functions.find call
 +                udf.returnType().equals(returnType) &&
 +                !udf.isAggregate() &&
 +                udf.language().equals(language) &&
 +                udf.body().equals(body) &&
 +                udf.isCalledOnNullInput() == calledOnNullInput)
 +            {
 +                logger.debug("Skipping duplicate compilation of already existing UDF {}", name);
 +                return udf;
 +            }
 +        }
 +
 +        try
 +        {
 +            return UDFunction.create(name, argNames, argTypes, returnType, calledOnNullInput, language, body);
 +        }
 +        catch (InvalidRequestException e)
 +        {
 +            logger.error(String.format("Cannot load function '%s' from schema: this function won't be available (on this node)", name), e);
 +            return UDFunction.createBrokenFunction(name, argNames, argTypes, returnType, calledOnNullInput, language, body, e);
 +        }
 +    }
 +
 +    /*
 +     * Aggregate UDF metadata serialization/deserialization.
 +     */
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeCreateAggregateMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, UDAggregate aggregate, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +        addAggregateToSchemaMutation(aggregate, timestamp, mutation);
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static void addAggregateToSchemaMutation(UDAggregate aggregate, long timestamp, Mutation mutation)
 +    {
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Aggregates);
 +        Composite prefix = Aggregates.comparator.make(aggregate.name().name, functionSignatureWithTypes(aggregate));
 +        CFRowAdder adder = new CFRowAdder(cells, prefix, timestamp);
 +
 +        adder.resetCollection("argument_types");
 +        adder.add("return_type", aggregate.returnType().toString());
 +        adder.add("state_func", aggregate.stateFunction().name().name);
 +        if (aggregate.stateType() != null)
 +            adder.add("state_type", aggregate.stateType().toString());
 +        if (aggregate.finalFunction() != null)
 +            adder.add("final_func", aggregate.finalFunction().name().name);
 +        if (aggregate.initialCondition() != null)
 +            adder.add("initcond", aggregate.initialCondition());
 +
 +        for (AbstractType<?> argType : aggregate.argTypes())
 +            adder.addListEntry("argument_types", argType.toString());
 +    }
 +
 +    private static Map<ByteBuffer, UDAggregate> createAggregatesFromAggregatesPartition(Row partition)
 +    {
 +        Map<ByteBuffer, UDAggregate> aggregates = new HashMap<>();
 +        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s", SystemKeyspace.NAME, AGGREGATES);
 +        for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : QueryProcessor.resultify(query, partition))
 +        {
 +            UDAggregate aggregate = createAggregateFromAggregateRow(row);
 +            aggregates.put(functionSignatureWithNameAndTypes(aggregate), aggregate);
 +        }
 +        return aggregates;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static UDAggregate createAggregateFromAggregateRow(UntypedResultSet.Row row)
 +    {
 +        String ksName = row.getString("keyspace_name");
 +        String functionName = row.getString("aggregate_name");
 +        FunctionName name = new FunctionName(ksName, functionName);
 +
 +        List<String> types = row.getList("argument_types", UTF8Type.instance);
 +
 +        List<AbstractType<?>> argTypes;
 +        if (types == null)
 +        {
 +            argTypes = Collections.emptyList();
 +        }
 +        else
 +        {
 +            argTypes = new ArrayList<>(types.size());
 +            for (String type : types)
 +                argTypes.add(parseType(type));
 +        }
 +
 +        AbstractType<?> returnType = parseType(row.getString("return_type"));
 +
 +        FunctionName stateFunc = new FunctionName(ksName, row.getString("state_func"));
 +        FunctionName finalFunc = row.has("final_func") ? new FunctionName(ksName, row.getString("final_func")) : null;
 +        AbstractType<?> stateType = row.has("state_type") ? parseType(row.getString("state_type")) : null;
 +        ByteBuffer initcond = row.has("initcond") ? row.getBytes("initcond") : null;
 +
 +        try
 +        {
 +            return UDAggregate.create(name, argTypes, returnType, stateFunc, finalFunc, stateType, initcond);
 +        }
 +        catch (InvalidRequestException reason)
 +        {
 +            return UDAggregate.createBroken(name, argTypes, returnType, initcond, reason);
 +        }
 +    }
 +
 +    public static Mutation makeDropAggregateMutation(KSMetaData keyspace, UDAggregate aggregate, long timestamp)
 +    {
 +        // Include the serialized keyspace in case the target node missed a CREATE KEYSPACE migration (see CASSANDRA-5631).
 +        Mutation mutation = makeCreateKeyspaceMutation(keyspace, timestamp, false);
 +
 +        ColumnFamily cells = mutation.addOrGet(Aggregates);
 +        int ldt = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
 +
 +        Composite prefix = Aggregates.comparator.make(aggregate.name().name, functionSignatureWithTypes(aggregate));
 +        cells.addAtom(new RangeTombstone(prefix, prefix.end(), timestamp, ldt));
 +
 +        return mutation;
 +    }
 +
 +    private static AbstractType<?> parseType(String str)
 +    {
 +        return TypeParser.parse(str);
 +    }
 +
 +    // We allow method overloads, so a function is not uniquely identified by its name only, but
 +    // also by its argument types. To distinguish overloads of given function name in the schema
 +    // we use a "signature" which is just a list of it's CQL argument types (we could replace that by
 +    // using a "signature" UDT that would be comprised of the function name and argument types,
 +    // which we could then use as clustering column. But as we haven't yet used UDT in system tables,
 +    // We'll leave that decision to #6717).
 +    public static ByteBuffer functionSignatureWithTypes(AbstractFunction fun)
 +    {
 +        ListType<String> list = ListType.getInstance(UTF8Type.instance, false);
 +        List<String> strList = new ArrayList<>(fun.argTypes().size());
 +        for (AbstractType<?> argType : fun.argTypes())
 +            strList.add(argType.asCQL3Type().toString());
 +        return list.decompose(strList);
 +    }
 +
 +    public static ByteBuffer functionSignatureWithNameAndTypes(AbstractFunction fun)
 +    {
 +        ListType<String> list = ListType.getInstance(UTF8Type.instance, false);
 +        List<String> strList = new ArrayList<>(fun.argTypes().size() + 2);
 +        strList.add(fun.name().keyspace);
 +        strList.add(fun.name().name);
 +        for (AbstractType<?> argType : fun.argTypes())
 +            strList.add(argType.asCQL3Type().toString());
 +        return list.decompose(strList);
 +    }
 +
 +}