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[44/51] [partial] incubator-predictionio-site git commit: Update
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-<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Learning DASE</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta class="swiftype" name="title" data-type="string" content="Learning DASE"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.prediction.io/customize/"/><link href="/images/favicon/normal-b330020a.png" rel="shortcut icon"/><link href="/images/favicon/apple-c0febcf2.png" rel="apple-touch-icon"/><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/stylesheets/application-a2a2f408.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script><script src="//cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML
_HTMLorMML"></script><script src="//use.typekit.net/pqo0itb.js"></script><script>try{Typekit.load({ async: true });}catch(e){}</script></head><body><div id="global"><header><div class="container" id="header-wrapper"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-12"><div id="logo-wrapper"><span id="drawer-toggle"></span><a href="#"></a><a href="http://predictionio.incubator.apache.org/"><img alt="PredictionIO" id="logo" src="/images/logos/logo-ee2b9bb3.png"/></a></div><div id="menu-wrapper"><div id="pill-wrapper"><a class="pill left" href="//templates.prediction.io/">TEMPLATES</a> <a class="pill right" href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/">OPEN SOURCE</a></div></div><img class="mobile-search-bar-toggler hidden-md hidden-lg" src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/></div></div></div></header><div id="search-bar-row-wrapper"><div class="container-fluid" id="search-bar-row"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-11 col-xs-11"><div class="hidden-md hidden-lg" id="mobile-pa
ge-heading-wrapper"><p>PredictionIO Docs</p><h4>Learning DASE</h4></div><h4 class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">PredictionIO Docs</h4></div><div class="col-md-3 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 hidden-md hidden-lg"><img id="left-menu-indicator" src="/images/icons/down-arrow-dfe9f7fe.png"/></div><div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 swiftype-wrapper"><div class="swiftype"><form class="search-form"><img class="search-box-toggler hidden-xs hidden-sm" src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/><div class="search-box"><img src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/><input type="text" id="st-search-input" class="st-search-input" placeholder="Search Doc..."/></div><img class="swiftype-row-hider hidden-md hidden-lg" src="/images/icons/drawer-toggle-active-fcbef12a.png"/></form></div></div><div class="mobile-left-menu-toggler hidden-md hidden-lg"></div></div></div></div><div id="page" class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div id="left-menu-wrapper" class="col-md-3"><nav id="nav-main"><ul><li class="
level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/"><span>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) Documentation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/"><span>Welcome to Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Started</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/"><span>A Quick Intro</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/install/"><span>Installing Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/download/"><span>Downloading an Engine Template</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/deploy/"><span>Deploying Your First Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/customize/"><span>Customizing the Engine</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Integrating with Your App</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href=
"/appintegration/"><span>App Integration Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="expandible" href="/sdk/"><span>List of SDKs</span></a><ul><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/java/"><span>Java & Android SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/php/"><span>PHP SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/python/"><span>Python SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/ruby/"><span>Ruby SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/community/"><span>Community Powered SDKs</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Deploying an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/"><span>Deploying as a Web Service</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#engine-commands"><span>Engine Command-line Interface</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/monitori
ng/"><span>Monitoring Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/engineparams/"><span>Setting Engine Parameters</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/enginevariants/"><span>Deploying Multiple Engine Variants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Customizing an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final active" href="/customize/"><span>Learning DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/dase/"><span>Implement DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/troubleshooting/"><span>Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/api/current/#package"><span>Engine Scala APIs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Collecting and Analyzing Data</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/"><span>Event S
erver Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#event-server-commands"><span>Event Server Command-line Interface</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventapi/"><span>Collecting Data with REST/SDKs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventmodel/"><span>Events Modeling</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/webhooks/"><span>Unifying Multichannel Data with Webhooks</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/channel/"><span>Channel</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/batchimport/"><span>Importing Data in Batch</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/analytics/"><span>Using Analytics Tools</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Choosing an Algorithm(s)</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" hr
ef="/algorithm/"><span>Built-in Algorithm Libraries</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/switch/"><span>Switching to Another Algorithm</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/multiple/"><span>Combining Multiple Algorithms</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/custom/"><span>Adding Your Own Algorithms</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>ML Tuning and Evaluation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/"><span>Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/paramtuning/"><span>Hyperparameter Tuning</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/evaluationdashboard/"><span>Evaluation Dashboard</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/metricchoose/"><span>Choosing Evaluation Metrics</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/e
valuation/metricbuild/"><span>Building Evaluation Metrics</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>System Architecture</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/"><span>Architecture Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/anotherdatastore/"><span>Using Another Data Store</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Engine Template Gallery</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="http://templates.prediction.io"><span>Browse</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/submit-template/"><span>Submit your Engine as a Template</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Demo Tutorials</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/tapster/"><span>Comics Recommendation Demo</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/community/"><span>Communi
ty Contributed Demo</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/textclassification/"><span>Text Classification Engine Tutorial</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/community/"><span>Getting Involved</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-code/"><span>Contribute Code</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-documentation/"><span>Contribute Documentation</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-sdk/"><span>Contribute a SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-webhook/"><span>Contribute a Webhook</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/projects/"><span>Community Projects</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Help</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/faq/"><span>
FAQs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/support/"><span>Support</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Resources</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/intellij/"><span>Developing Engines with IntelliJ IDEA</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/upgrade/"><span>Upgrade Instructions</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/glossary/"><span>Glossary</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"><div class="content-header hidden-md hidden-lg"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Learning DASE</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Learning DASE</h1></div></div><div id="table-of-content-wrapper"><h5>On this page</h5><aside id="table-of-contents"><ul> <li> <a href="#the-roles-of-an-eng
ine">The Roles of an Engine</a> </li> <li> <a href="#examples-of-dase">Examples of DASE</a> </li> </ul> </aside><hr/><a id="edit-page-link" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/tree/livedoc/docs/manual/source/customize/index.html.md"><img src="/images/icons/edit-pencil-d6c1bb3d.png"/>Edit this page</a></div><div class="content-header hidden-sm hidden-xs"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Learning DASE</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Learning DASE</h1></div></div><div class="content"><p>The code of an engine consists of D-A-S-E components:</p><h3 id='[d]-data-source-and-data-preparator' class='header-anchors'>[D] Data Source and Data Preparator</h3><p>Data Source reads data from an input source and transforms it into a desired format. Data Preparator preprocesses the data and forwards it to the algorithm for model training.</p><h3 i
d='[a]-algorithm' class='header-anchors'>[A] Algorithm</h3><p>The Algorithm component includes the Machine Learning algorithm, and the settings of its parameters, determines how a predictive model is constructed.</p><h3 id='[s]-serving' class='header-anchors'>[S] Serving</h3><p>The Serving component takes prediction <em>queries</em> and returns prediction results. If the engine has multiple algorithms, Serving will combine the results into one. Additionally, business-specific logic can be added in Serving to further customize the final returned results.</p><h3 id='[e]-evaluation-metrics' class='header-anchors'>[E] Evaluation Metrics</h3><p>An Evaluation Metric quantifies prediction accuracy with a numerical score. It can be used for comparing algorithms or algorithm parameter settings.</p> <blockquote> <p>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) helps you modularize these components so you can build, for example, several Serving components for an Engine. You will be able to choose which one
to be deployed when you create an Engine.</p></blockquote> <p><img alt="Engine Overview" src="/images/engineinstance-overview-c6668657.png"/></p><h2 id='the-roles-of-an-engine' class='header-anchors'>The Roles of an Engine</h2><p>The main functions of an engine are:</p> <ul> <li>Train a model using the training data and be deployed as a web service</li> <li>Respond to prediction query in real-time</li> </ul> <p>An engine puts all DASE components into a deployable state by specifying:</p> <ul> <li><p>One Data Source</p></li> <li><p>One Data Preparator</p></li> <li><p>One or more Algorithm(s)</p></li> <li><p>One Serving</p></li> </ul> <div class="alert-message info"><p>If more than one algorithm is specified, each of their model prediction results will be passed to Serving for ensembling.</p></div><p>Each Engine processes data and constructs predictive models independently. Therefore, every engine serves its own set of prediction results. For example, you may deploy two engines for y
our mobile application: one for recommending news to users and another one for suggesting new friends to users.</p><h3 id='training-a-model---the-dase-view' class='header-anchors'>Training a Model - The DASE View</h3><p>The following graph shows the workflow of DASE components when <code>pio train</code> is run.</p><p><img alt="Engine Overview" src="/images/engine-training-93bc1b69.png"/></p><h3 id='respond-to-prediction-query---the-dase-view' class='header-anchors'>Respond to Prediction Query - The DASE View</h3><p>The following graph shows the workflow of DASE components when a REST query is received by a deployed engine.</p><p><img alt="Engine Overview" src="/images/engine-query-8d7311ff.png"/></p><p>Please see <a href="/customize/dase">Implement DASE</a> for DASE implementation details.</p><p>Please refer to following templates and their how-to guides for concrete examples.</p><h2 id='examples-of-dase' class='header-anchors'>Examples of DASE</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/templates/rec
ommendation/dase/">DASE of Recommendation Template</a></li> <li><a href="/templates/similarproduct/dase/">DASE of Similar Product Template</a></li> <li><a href="/templates/classification/dase/">DASE of Classification Template</a></li> <li><a href="/templates/leadscoring/dase/">DASE of Lead Scoring Template</a></li> </ul> </div></div></div></div><footer><div class="container"><div class="seperator"></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-6 footer-link-column"><div class="footer-link-column-row"><h4>Community</h4><ul><li><a href="//docs.prediction.io/install/" target="blank">Download</a></li><li><a href="//docs.prediction.io/" target="blank">Docs</a></li><li><a href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio" target="blank">GitHub</a></li><li><a href="mailto:user-subscribe@predictionio.incubator.apache.org" target="blank">Subscribe to User Mailing List</a></li><li><a href="//stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/predictionio" target="blank">Stackoverflow</a></li></ul></div></
div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-6 footer-link-column"><div class="footer-link-column-row"><h4>Contribute</h4><ul><li><a href="//predictionio.incubator.apache.org/community/contribute-code/" target="blank">Contribute</a></li><li><a href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio" target="blank">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="//issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PIO" target="blank">Bug Tracker</a></li><li><a href="mailto:dev-subscribe@predictionio.incubator.apache.org" target="blank">Subscribe to Development Mailing List</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div id="footer-bottom"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"><div id="footer-logo-wrapper"><img alt="PredictionIO" src="/images/logos/logo-white-d1e9c6e6.png"/></div><div id="social-icons-wrapper"><a class="github-button" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio" data-style="mega" data-count-href="/apache/incubator-predictionio/stargazers" data-count-api="/repos/apache/incubator-predictionio#st
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+<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Learning DASE</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta class="swiftype" name="title" data-type="string" content="Learning DASE"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.prediction.io/customize/"/><link href="/images/favicon/normal-b330020a.png" rel="shortcut icon"/><link href="/images/favicon/apple-c0febcf2.png" rel="apple-touch-icon"/><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/stylesheets/application-a2a2f408.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script><script src="//cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML
_HTMLorMML"></script><script src="//use.typekit.net/pqo0itb.js"></script><script>try{Typekit.load({ async: true });}catch(e){}</script></head><body><div id="global"><header><div class="container" id="header-wrapper"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-12"><div id="logo-wrapper"><span id="drawer-toggle"></span><a href="#"></a><a href="http://predictionio.incubator.apache.org/"><img alt="PredictionIO" id="logo" src="/images/logos/logo-ee2b9bb3.png"/></a></div><div id="menu-wrapper"><div id="pill-wrapper"><a class="pill left" href="//templates.prediction.io/">TEMPLATES</a> <a class="pill right" href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/">OPEN SOURCE</a></div></div><img class="mobile-search-bar-toggler hidden-md hidden-lg" src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/></div></div></div></header><div id="search-bar-row-wrapper"><div class="container-fluid" id="search-bar-row"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-11 col-xs-11"><div class="hidden-md hidden-lg" id="mobile-pa
ge-heading-wrapper"><p>PredictionIO Docs</p><h4>Learning DASE</h4></div><h4 class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">PredictionIO Docs</h4></div><div class="col-md-3 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 hidden-md hidden-lg"><img id="left-menu-indicator" src="/images/icons/down-arrow-dfe9f7fe.png"/></div><div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 swiftype-wrapper"><div class="swiftype"><form class="search-form"><img class="search-box-toggler hidden-xs hidden-sm" src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/><div class="search-box"><img src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/><input type="text" id="st-search-input" class="st-search-input" placeholder="Search Doc..."/></div><img class="swiftype-row-hider hidden-md hidden-lg" src="/images/icons/drawer-toggle-active-fcbef12a.png"/></form></div></div><div class="mobile-left-menu-toggler hidden-md hidden-lg"></div></div></div></div><div id="page" class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div id="left-menu-wrapper" class="col-md-3"><nav id="nav-main"><ul><li class="
level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/"><span>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) Documentation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/"><span>Welcome to Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Started</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/"><span>A Quick Intro</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/install/"><span>Installing Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/download/"><span>Downloading an Engine Template</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/deploy/"><span>Deploying Your First Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/customize/"><span>Customizing the Engine</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Integrating with Your App</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href=
"/appintegration/"><span>App Integration Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="expandible" href="/sdk/"><span>List of SDKs</span></a><ul><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/java/"><span>Java & Android SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/php/"><span>PHP SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/python/"><span>Python SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/ruby/"><span>Ruby SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/community/"><span>Community Powered SDKs</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Deploying an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/"><span>Deploying as a Web Service</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#engine-commands"><span>Engine Command-line Interface</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/monitori
ng/"><span>Monitoring Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/engineparams/"><span>Setting Engine Parameters</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/enginevariants/"><span>Deploying Multiple Engine Variants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Customizing an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final active" href="/customize/"><span>Learning DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/dase/"><span>Implement DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/troubleshooting/"><span>Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/api/current/#package"><span>Engine Scala APIs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Collecting and Analyzing Data</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/"><span>Event S
erver Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#event-server-commands"><span>Event Server Command-line Interface</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventapi/"><span>Collecting Data with REST/SDKs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventmodel/"><span>Events Modeling</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/webhooks/"><span>Unifying Multichannel Data with Webhooks</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/channel/"><span>Channel</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/batchimport/"><span>Importing Data in Batch</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/analytics/"><span>Using Analytics Tools</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Choosing an Algorithm(s)</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" hr
ef="/algorithm/"><span>Built-in Algorithm Libraries</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/switch/"><span>Switching to Another Algorithm</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/multiple/"><span>Combining Multiple Algorithms</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/custom/"><span>Adding Your Own Algorithms</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>ML Tuning and Evaluation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/"><span>Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/paramtuning/"><span>Hyperparameter Tuning</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/evaluationdashboard/"><span>Evaluation Dashboard</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/metricchoose/"><span>Choosing Evaluation Metrics</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/e
valuation/metricbuild/"><span>Building Evaluation Metrics</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>System Architecture</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/"><span>Architecture Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/anotherdatastore/"><span>Using Another Data Store</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Engine Template Gallery</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/gallery/template-gallery/"><span>Browse</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/submit-template/"><span>Submit your Engine as a Template</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Demo Tutorials</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/tapster/"><span>Comics Recommendation Demo</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/community/"><span>Community C
ontributed Demo</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/textclassification/"><span>Text Classification Engine Tutorial</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/community/"><span>Getting Involved</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-code/"><span>Contribute Code</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-documentation/"><span>Contribute Documentation</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-sdk/"><span>Contribute a SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-webhook/"><span>Contribute a Webhook</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/projects/"><span>Community Projects</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Help</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/faq/"><span>FAQs
</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/support/"><span>Support</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Resources</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/intellij/"><span>Developing Engines with IntelliJ IDEA</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/upgrade/"><span>Upgrade Instructions</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/glossary/"><span>Glossary</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"><div class="content-header hidden-md hidden-lg"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Learning DASE</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Learning DASE</h1></div></div><div id="table-of-content-wrapper"><h5>On this page</h5><aside id="table-of-contents"><ul> <li> <a href="#the-roles-of-an-engine"
>The Roles of an Engine</a> </li> <li> <a href="#examples-of-dase">Examples of DASE</a> </li> </ul> </aside><hr/><a id="edit-page-link" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/tree/livedoc/docs/manual/source/customize/index.html.md"><img src="/images/icons/edit-pencil-d6c1bb3d.png"/>Edit this page</a></div><div class="content-header hidden-sm hidden-xs"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Learning DASE</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Learning DASE</h1></div></div><div class="content"><p>The code of an engine consists of D-A-S-E components:</p><h3 id='[d]-data-source-and-data-preparator' class='header-anchors'>[D] Data Source and Data Preparator</h3><p>Data Source reads data from an input source and transforms it into a desired format. Data Preparator preprocesses the data and forwards it to the algorithm for model training.</p><h3 id='[
a]-algorithm' class='header-anchors'>[A] Algorithm</h3><p>The Algorithm component includes the Machine Learning algorithm, and the settings of its parameters, determines how a predictive model is constructed.</p><h3 id='[s]-serving' class='header-anchors'>[S] Serving</h3><p>The Serving component takes prediction <em>queries</em> and returns prediction results. If the engine has multiple algorithms, Serving will combine the results into one. Additionally, business-specific logic can be added in Serving to further customize the final returned results.</p><h3 id='[e]-evaluation-metrics' class='header-anchors'>[E] Evaluation Metrics</h3><p>An Evaluation Metric quantifies prediction accuracy with a numerical score. It can be used for comparing algorithms or algorithm parameter settings.</p> <blockquote> <p>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) helps you modularize these components so you can build, for example, several Serving components for an Engine. You will be able to choose which one to
be deployed when you create an Engine.</p></blockquote> <p><img alt="Engine Overview" src="/images/engineinstance-overview-c6668657.png"/></p><h2 id='the-roles-of-an-engine' class='header-anchors'>The Roles of an Engine</h2><p>The main functions of an engine are:</p> <ul> <li>Train a model using the training data and be deployed as a web service</li> <li>Respond to prediction query in real-time</li> </ul> <p>An engine puts all DASE components into a deployable state by specifying:</p> <ul> <li><p>One Data Source</p></li> <li><p>One Data Preparator</p></li> <li><p>One or more Algorithm(s)</p></li> <li><p>One Serving</p></li> </ul> <div class="alert-message info"><p>If more than one algorithm is specified, each of their model prediction results will be passed to Serving for ensembling.</p></div><p>Each Engine processes data and constructs predictive models independently. Therefore, every engine serves its own set of prediction results. For example, you may deploy two engines for your
mobile application: one for recommending news to users and another one for suggesting new friends to users.</p><h3 id='training-a-model---the-dase-view' class='header-anchors'>Training a Model - The DASE View</h3><p>The following graph shows the workflow of DASE components when <code>pio train</code> is run.</p><p><img alt="Engine Overview" src="/images/engine-training-93bc1b69.png"/></p><h3 id='respond-to-prediction-query---the-dase-view' class='header-anchors'>Respond to Prediction Query - The DASE View</h3><p>The following graph shows the workflow of DASE components when a REST query is received by a deployed engine.</p><p><img alt="Engine Overview" src="/images/engine-query-8d7311ff.png"/></p><p>Please see <a href="/customize/dase">Implement DASE</a> for DASE implementation details.</p><p>Please refer to following templates and their how-to guides for concrete examples.</p><h2 id='examples-of-dase' class='header-anchors'>Examples of DASE</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/templates/recomme
ndation/dase/">DASE of Recommendation Template</a></li> <li><a href="/templates/similarproduct/dase/">DASE of Similar Product Template</a></li> <li><a href="/templates/classification/dase/">DASE of Classification Template</a></li> <li><a href="/templates/leadscoring/dase/">DASE of Lead Scoring Template</a></li> </ul> </div></div></div></div><footer><div class="container"><div class="seperator"></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-6 footer-link-column"><div class="footer-link-column-row"><h4>Community</h4><ul><li><a href="//docs.prediction.io/install/" target="blank">Download</a></li><li><a href="//docs.prediction.io/" target="blank">Docs</a></li><li><a href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio" target="blank">GitHub</a></li><li><a href="mailto:user-subscribe@predictionio.incubator.apache.org" target="blank">Subscribe to User Mailing List</a></li><li><a href="//stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/predictionio" target="blank">Stackoverflow</a></li></ul></div></div>
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-<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Engine Development - Troubleshoot</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta class="swiftype" name="title" data-type="string" content="Engine Development - Troubleshoot"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.prediction.io/customize/troubleshooting/"/><link href="/images/favicon/normal-b330020a.png" rel="shortcut icon"/><link href="/images/favicon/apple-c0febcf2.png" rel="apple-touch-icon"/><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/stylesheets/application-a2a2f408.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script><script src="//cdn.
mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script><script src="//use.typekit.net/pqo0itb.js"></script><script>try{Typekit.load({ async: true });}catch(e){}</script></head><body><div id="global"><header><div class="container" id="header-wrapper"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-12"><div id="logo-wrapper"><span id="drawer-toggle"></span><a href="#"></a><a href="http://predictionio.incubator.apache.org/"><img alt="PredictionIO" id="logo" src="/images/logos/logo-ee2b9bb3.png"/></a></div><div id="menu-wrapper"><div id="pill-wrapper"><a class="pill left" href="//templates.prediction.io/">TEMPLATES</a> <a class="pill right" href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/">OPEN SOURCE</a></div></div><img class="mobile-search-bar-toggler hidden-md hidden-lg" src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/></div></div></div></header><div id="search-bar-row-wrapper"><div class="container-fluid" id="search-bar-row"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-11 c
ol-xs-11"><div class="hidden-md hidden-lg" id="mobile-page-heading-wrapper"><p>PredictionIO Docs</p><h4>Troubleshooting Engine Development</h4></div><h4 class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">PredictionIO Docs</h4></div><div class="col-md-3 col-sm-1 col-xs-1 hidden-md hidden-lg"><img id="left-menu-indicator" src="/images/icons/down-arrow-dfe9f7fe.png"/></div><div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 swiftype-wrapper"><div class="swiftype"><form class="search-form"><img class="search-box-toggler hidden-xs hidden-sm" src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/><div class="search-box"><img src="/images/icons/search-glass-704bd4ff.png"/><input type="text" id="st-search-input" class="st-search-input" placeholder="Search Doc..."/></div><img class="swiftype-row-hider hidden-md hidden-lg" src="/images/icons/drawer-toggle-active-fcbef12a.png"/></form></div></div><div class="mobile-left-menu-toggler hidden-md hidden-lg"></div></div></div></div><div id="page" class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><d
iv id="left-menu-wrapper" class="col-md-3"><nav id="nav-main"><ul><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/"><span>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) Documentation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/"><span>Welcome to Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Started</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/"><span>A Quick Intro</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/install/"><span>Installing Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/download/"><span>Downloading an Engine Template</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/deploy/"><span>Deploying Your First Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/customize/"><span>Customizing the Engine</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Integ
rating with Your App</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/appintegration/"><span>App Integration Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="expandible" href="/sdk/"><span>List of SDKs</span></a><ul><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/java/"><span>Java & Android SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/php/"><span>PHP SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/python/"><span>Python SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/ruby/"><span>Ruby SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/community/"><span>Community Powered SDKs</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Deploying an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/"><span>Deploying as a Web Service</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#engine-commands"><span>Engine Command-line Interfa
ce</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/monitoring/"><span>Monitoring Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/engineparams/"><span>Setting Engine Parameters</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/enginevariants/"><span>Deploying Multiple Engine Variants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Customizing an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/"><span>Learning DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/dase/"><span>Implement DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final active" href="/customize/troubleshooting/"><span>Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/api/current/#package"><span>Engine Scala APIs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Collecting and Analyzing Data</span></a><
ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/"><span>Event Server Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#event-server-commands"><span>Event Server Command-line Interface</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventapi/"><span>Collecting Data with REST/SDKs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventmodel/"><span>Events Modeling</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/webhooks/"><span>Unifying Multichannel Data with Webhooks</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/channel/"><span>Channel</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/batchimport/"><span>Importing Data in Batch</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/analytics/"><span>Using Analytics Tools</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>C
hoosing an Algorithm(s)</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/"><span>Built-in Algorithm Libraries</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/switch/"><span>Switching to Another Algorithm</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/multiple/"><span>Combining Multiple Algorithms</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/custom/"><span>Adding Your Own Algorithms</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>ML Tuning and Evaluation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/"><span>Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/paramtuning/"><span>Hyperparameter Tuning</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/evaluationdashboard/"><span>Evaluation Dashboard</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/metricchoose/"><span>Choosing Ev
aluation Metrics</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/metricbuild/"><span>Building Evaluation Metrics</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>System Architecture</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/"><span>Architecture Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/anotherdatastore/"><span>Using Another Data Store</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Engine Template Gallery</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="http://templates.prediction.io"><span>Browse</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/submit-template/"><span>Submit your Engine as a Template</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Demo Tutorials</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/tapster/"><span>Comics Recommendation Demo</span></a></
li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/community/"><span>Community Contributed Demo</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/textclassification/"><span>Text Classification Engine Tutorial</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/community/"><span>Getting Involved</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-code/"><span>Contribute Code</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-documentation/"><span>Contribute Documentation</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-sdk/"><span>Contribute a SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-webhook/"><span>Contribute a Webhook</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/projects/"><span>Community Projects</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Help</sp
an></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/faq/"><span>FAQs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/support/"><span>Support</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Resources</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/intellij/"><span>Developing Engines with IntelliJ IDEA</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/upgrade/"><span>Upgrade Instructions</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/glossary/"><span>Glossary</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"><div class="content-header hidden-md hidden-lg"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Engine Development - Troubleshoot</h1></div></div><div id
="table-of-content-wrapper"><h5>On this page</h5><aside id="table-of-contents"><ul> <li> <a href="#stop-training-between-stages">Stop Training between Stages</a> </li> <li> <a href="#sanity-check">Sanity Check</a> </li> <li> <a href="#engine-status-page">Engine Status Page</a> </li> <li> <a href="#pio-shell">pio-shell</a> </li> </ul> </aside><hr/><a id="edit-page-link" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/tree/livedoc/docs/manual/source/customize/troubleshooting.html.md"><img src="/images/icons/edit-pencil-d6c1bb3d.png"/>Edit this page</a></div><div class="content-header hidden-sm hidden-xs"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Engine Development - Troubleshoot</h1></div></div><div class="content"><p>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) provides the following features to h
elp you debug engines during development cycle.</p><h2 id='stop-training-between-stages' class='header-anchors'>Stop Training between Stages</h2><p>By default <code>pio train</code> runs through the whole training process including <a href="/templates/recommendation/dase/">DataSource, Preparator and Algorithm</a>. To speed up the development and debug cycle, you can stop the process after each stage to verify it has completed correctly.</p><p>If you have modified DataSource and want to confirm the TrainingData is generated as expected, you can run <code>pio train</code> with <code>--stop-after-read</code> option:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>pio train --stop-after-read
+<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Engine Development - Troubleshoot</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta class="swiftype" name="title" data-type="string" content="Engine Development - Troubleshoot"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.prediction.io/customize/troubleshooting/"/><link href="/images/favicon/normal-b330020a.png" rel="shortcut icon"/><link href="/images/favicon/apple-c0febcf2.png" rel="apple-touch-icon"/><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/stylesheets/application-a2a2f408.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script><script src="//cdn.
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iv id="left-menu-wrapper" class="col-md-3"><nav id="nav-main"><ul><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/"><span>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) Documentation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/"><span>Welcome to Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Started</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/"><span>A Quick Intro</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/install/"><span>Installing Apache PredictionIO (incubating)</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/download/"><span>Downloading an Engine Template</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/deploy/"><span>Deploying Your First Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/start/customize/"><span>Customizing the Engine</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Integ
rating with Your App</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/appintegration/"><span>App Integration Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="expandible" href="/sdk/"><span>List of SDKs</span></a><ul><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/java/"><span>Java & Android SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/php/"><span>PHP SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/python/"><span>Python SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/ruby/"><span>Ruby SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-3"><a class="final" href="/sdk/community/"><span>Community Powered SDKs</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Deploying an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/"><span>Deploying as a Web Service</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#engine-commands"><span>Engine Command-line Interfa
ce</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/monitoring/"><span>Monitoring Engine</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/engineparams/"><span>Setting Engine Parameters</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/deploy/enginevariants/"><span>Deploying Multiple Engine Variants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Customizing an Engine</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/"><span>Learning DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/customize/dase/"><span>Implement DASE</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final active" href="/customize/troubleshooting/"><span>Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/api/current/#package"><span>Engine Scala APIs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Collecting and Analyzing Data</span></a><
ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/"><span>Event Server Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/cli/#event-server-commands"><span>Event Server Command-line Interface</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventapi/"><span>Collecting Data with REST/SDKs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/eventmodel/"><span>Events Modeling</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/webhooks/"><span>Unifying Multichannel Data with Webhooks</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/channel/"><span>Channel</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/batchimport/"><span>Importing Data in Batch</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/datacollection/analytics/"><span>Using Analytics Tools</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>C
hoosing an Algorithm(s)</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/"><span>Built-in Algorithm Libraries</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/switch/"><span>Switching to Another Algorithm</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/multiple/"><span>Combining Multiple Algorithms</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/algorithm/custom/"><span>Adding Your Own Algorithms</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>ML Tuning and Evaluation</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/"><span>Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/paramtuning/"><span>Hyperparameter Tuning</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/evaluationdashboard/"><span>Evaluation Dashboard</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/metricchoose/"><span>Choosing Ev
aluation Metrics</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/evaluation/metricbuild/"><span>Building Evaluation Metrics</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>System Architecture</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/"><span>Architecture Overview</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/system/anotherdatastore/"><span>Using Another Data Store</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Engine Template Gallery</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/gallery/template-gallery/"><span>Browse</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/submit-template/"><span>Submit your Engine as a Template</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Demo Tutorials</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/tapster/"><span>Comics Recommendation Demo</span></a></li><
li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/community/"><span>Community Contributed Demo</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/demo/textclassification/"><span>Text Classification Engine Tutorial</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="/community/"><span>Getting Involved</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-code/"><span>Contribute Code</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-documentation/"><span>Contribute Documentation</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-sdk/"><span>Contribute a SDK</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/contribute-webhook/"><span>Contribute a Webhook</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/community/projects/"><span>Community Projects</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Getting Help</span><
/a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/faq/"><span>FAQs</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/support/"><span>Support</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="level-1"><a class="expandible" href="#"><span>Resources</span></a><ul><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/intellij/"><span>Developing Engines with IntelliJ IDEA</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/upgrade/"><span>Upgrade Instructions</span></a></li><li class="level-2"><a class="final" href="/resources/glossary/"><span>Glossary</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"><div class="content-header hidden-md hidden-lg"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Engine Development - Troubleshoot</h1></div></div><div id="ta
ble-of-content-wrapper"><h5>On this page</h5><aside id="table-of-contents"><ul> <li> <a href="#stop-training-between-stages">Stop Training between Stages</a> </li> <li> <a href="#sanity-check">Sanity Check</a> </li> <li> <a href="#engine-status-page">Engine Status Page</a> </li> <li> <a href="#pio-shell">pio-shell</a> </li> </ul> </aside><hr/><a id="edit-page-link" href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio/tree/livedoc/docs/manual/source/customize/troubleshooting.html.md"><img src="/images/icons/edit-pencil-d6c1bb3d.png"/>Edit this page</a></div><div class="content-header hidden-sm hidden-xs"><div id="breadcrumbs" class="hidden-sm hidden xs"><ul><li><a href="#">Customizing an Engine</a><span class="spacer">></span></li><li><span class="last">Troubleshooting Engine Development</span></li></ul></div><div id="page-title"><h1>Engine Development - Troubleshoot</h1></div></div><div class="content"><p>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) provides the following features to help
you debug engines during development cycle.</p><h2 id='stop-training-between-stages' class='header-anchors'>Stop Training between Stages</h2><p>By default <code>pio train</code> runs through the whole training process including <a href="/templates/recommendation/dase/">DataSource, Preparator and Algorithm</a>. To speed up the development and debug cycle, you can stop the process after each stage to verify it has completed correctly.</p><p>If you have modified DataSource and want to confirm the TrainingData is generated as expected, you can run <code>pio train</code> with <code>--stop-after-read</code> option:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>pio train --stop-after-read
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>This would stop the training process after the TrainingData is generated.</p><p>For example, if you are running <a href="/templates/recommendation/quickstart/">Recommendation Template</a>, you should see the the training process stops after the TrainingData is printed.</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
3
4</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> TrainingData:
<span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> ratings: <span class="o">[</span>1501] <span class="o">(</span>List<span class="o">(</span>Rating<span class="o">(</span>3,0,4.0<span class="o">)</span>, Rating<span class="o">(</span>3,1,4.0<span class="o">))</span>...<span class="o">)</span>
...
-<span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> Training interrupted by io.prediction.workflow.StopAfterReadInterruption.
+<span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> Training interrupted by org.apache.predictionio.workflow.StopAfterReadInterruption.
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>Similarly, you can stop the training after the Preparator phase by using --stop-after-prepare option and it would stop after PreparedData is generated:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>pio train --stop-after-prepare
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <h2 id='sanity-check' class='header-anchors'>Sanity Check</h2><p>You can extend a trait <code>SanityCheck</code> and implement the method <code>sanityCheck()</code> with your error checking code. The <code>sanityCheck()</code> is called when the data is generated. This can be applied to <code>TrainingData</code>, <code>PreparedData</code> and the <code>Model</code> classes, which are outputs of DataSource's <code>readTraining()</code>, Preparator's <code>prepare()</code> and Algorithm's <code>train()</code> methods, respectively.</p><p>For example, one frequent error with the Recommendation Template is that the TrainingData is empty because the DataSource is not reading data correctly. You can add the check of empty data inside the <code>sanityCheck()</code> function. You can easily add other checking logic into the <code>sanityCheck()</code> function based on your own needs. Also, If you implement <code>toString()</code> method in
your TrainingData. You can call <code>toString()</code> inside <code>sanityCheck()</code> to print out some data for visual checking.</p><p>For example, to print TrainingData to console and check if the <code>ratings</code> is empty, you can do the following:</p><div class="highlight scala"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
13
14
15
-16</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="k">import</span> <span class="nn">io.prediction.controller.SanityCheck</span> <span class="c1">// ADDED
+16</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="k">import</span> <span class="nn">org.apache.predictionio.controller.SanityCheck</span> <span class="c1">// ADDED
</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">TrainingData</span><span class="o">(</span>
<span class="k">val</span> <span class="n">ratings</span><span class="k">:</span> <span class="kt">RDD</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="kt">Rating</span><span class="o">]</span>
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ pio train --stop-after-read
Exception <span class="k">in </span>thread <span class="s2">"main"</span> java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: requirement failed: ratings cannot be empty!
at scala.Predef<span class="nv">$.</span>require<span class="o">(</span>Predef.scala:233<span class="o">)</span>
at org.template.recommendation.TrainingData.sanityCheck<span class="o">(</span>DataSource.scala:73<span class="o">)</span>
- at io.prediction.workflow.CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$$</span>anonfun<span class="nv">$runTypelessContext$7</span>.apply<span class="o">(</span>Workflow.scala:474<span class="o">)</span>
- at io.prediction.workflow.CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$$</span>anonfun<span class="nv">$runTypelessContext$7</span>.apply<span class="o">(</span>Workflow.scala:465<span class="o">)</span>
+ at org.apache.predictionio.workflow.CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$$</span>anonfun<span class="nv">$runTypelessContext$7</span>.apply<span class="o">(</span>Workflow.scala:474<span class="o">)</span>
+ at org.apache.predictionio.workflow.CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$$</span>anonfun<span class="nv">$runTypelessContext$7</span>.apply<span class="o">(</span>Workflow.scala:465<span class="o">)</span>
at scala.collection.immutable.Map<span class="nv">$Map1</span>.foreach<span class="o">(</span>Map.scala:109<span class="o">)</span>
...
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>You can specify the <code>--skip-sanity-check</code> option to turn off sanityCheck:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>pio train --stop-after-read --skip-sanity-check
@@ -65,18 +65,18 @@ Exception <span class="k">in </span>thread <span class="s2">"main"</span> java.l
4</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> Data sanity checking is off.
<span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> Data Source
...
-<span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> Training interrupted by io.prediction.workflow.StopAfterReadInterruption.
+<span class="o">[</span>INFO] <span class="o">[</span>CoreWorkflow<span class="nv">$]</span> Training interrupted by org.apache.predictionio.workflow.StopAfterReadInterruption.
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <h2 id='engine-status-page' class='header-anchors'>Engine Status Page</h2><p>After run <code>pio deploy</code>, you can access the engine status page by go to same URL and port of the deployed engine with your browser, which is "<a href="http://localhost:8000">http://localhost:8000</a>" by default. In the engine status page, you can find the Engine information, and parameters of each DASE components. In particular, you can also see the "Model" trained by the algorithm based on how <code>toString()</code> method is implemented in the Algorithm's Model class.</p><h2 id='pio-shell' class='header-anchors'>pio-shell</h2><p>Apache PredictionIO (incubating) also provides <code>pio-shell</code> in which you can easily access Apache PredictionIO (incubating) API, Spark context and Spark API for quickly testing code or debugging purposes.</p><p>To bring up the shell, simply run:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="borde
r-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="gp">$ </span>pio-shell --with-spark
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>(<code>pio-shell</code> is available inside <code>bin/</code> directory of installed Apache PredictionIO (incubating) directory, you should be able to access it if you have added PredictionIO/bin into your environment variable <code>PATH</code>)</p><p>Note that the Spark context is available as variable <code>sc</code> inside the shell.</p><p>For example, to get the events of <code>MyApp1</code> using PEventStore API inside the pio-shell and collect them into an array <code>c</code>. run the following in the shell:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
-3</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="gp">> </span>import io.prediction.data.store.PEventStore
+3</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="gp">> </span>import org.apache.predictionio.data.store.PEventStore
<span class="gp">> </span>val eventsRDD <span class="o">=</span> PEventStore.find<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">appName</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"MyApp1"</span><span class="o">)(</span>sc<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="gp">> </span>val c <span class="o">=</span> eventsRDD.collect<span class="o">()</span>
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>Then you should see following returned in the shell:</p><div class="highlight shell"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
3</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>...
15/05/18 14:24:42 INFO DAGScheduler: Job 0 finished: collect at <console>:24, took 1.850779 s
-c: Array[io.prediction.data.storage.Event] <span class="o">=</span> Array<span class="o">(</span>Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>AaQUUBsFZxteRpDV_7fDGQAAAU1ZfRW1tX9LSWdZSb0<span class="o">)</span>,event<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$set</span>,eType<span class="o">=</span>item,eId<span class="o">=</span>i42,tType<span class="o">=</span>None,tId<span class="o">=</span>None,p<span class="o">=</span>DataMap<span class="o">(</span>Map<span class="o">(</span>categories -> JArray<span class="o">(</span>List<span class="o">(</span>JString<span class="o">(</span>c2<span class="o">)</span>, JString<span class="o">(</span>c1<span class="o">)</span>, JString<span class="o">(</span>c6<span class="o">)</span>, JString<span class="o">(</span>c3<span class="o">)))))</span>,t<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:19.349Z,tags<span class="o">=</span>List<span class="o">()</span>,pKey<span class="o">=</span>Non
e,ct<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:19.354Z<span class="o">)</span>, Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>DjvP3Dnci9F4CWmiqoLabQAAAU1ZfROaqdRYO-pZ_no<span class="o">)</span>,event<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$set</span>,eType<span class="o">=</span>user,eId<span class="o">=</span>u9,tType<span class="o">=</span>None,tId<span class="o">=</span>None,p<span class="o">=</span>DataMap<span class="o">(</span>Map<span class="o">())</span>,t<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:18.810Z,tags<span class="o">=</span>List<span class="o">()</span>,pKey<span class="o">=</span>None,ct<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:18.817Z<span class="o">)</span>, Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>DjvP3Dnci9F4CWmiqoLabQAAAU1ZfRq7tsanlemwmZQ<span class="o">)</span>,event<span class="o">=</span>view,eType<span class="o">=</span>user,eId<span c
lass="o">=</span>u9,tType<span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>item<span class="o">)</span>,tId<span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>i25<span class="o">)</span>,p<span class="o">=</span>DataMap<span class="o">(</span>Map<span class="o">())</span>,t<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:20.635Z,tags<span class="o">=</span>List<span class="o">()</span>,pKey<span class="o">=</span>None,ct<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:20.639Z<span class="o">)</span>, Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>DjvP3Dnci9F4CWmiqoLabQAAAU1ZfR...
+c: Array[org.apache.predictionio.data.storage.Event] <span class="o">=</span> Array<span class="o">(</span>Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>AaQUUBsFZxteRpDV_7fDGQAAAU1ZfRW1tX9LSWdZSb0<span class="o">)</span>,event<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$set</span>,eType<span class="o">=</span>item,eId<span class="o">=</span>i42,tType<span class="o">=</span>None,tId<span class="o">=</span>None,p<span class="o">=</span>DataMap<span class="o">(</span>Map<span class="o">(</span>categories -> JArray<span class="o">(</span>List<span class="o">(</span>JString<span class="o">(</span>c2<span class="o">)</span>, JString<span class="o">(</span>c1<span class="o">)</span>, JString<span class="o">(</span>c6<span class="o">)</span>, JString<span class="o">(</span>c3<span class="o">)))))</span>,t<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:19.349Z,tags<span class="o">=</span>List<span class="o">()</span>,pKey<span class="o">=
</span>None,ct<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:19.354Z<span class="o">)</span>, Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>DjvP3Dnci9F4CWmiqoLabQAAAU1ZfROaqdRYO-pZ_no<span class="o">)</span>,event<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$set</span>,eType<span class="o">=</span>user,eId<span class="o">=</span>u9,tType<span class="o">=</span>None,tId<span class="o">=</span>None,p<span class="o">=</span>DataMap<span class="o">(</span>Map<span class="o">())</span>,t<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:18.810Z,tags<span class="o">=</span>List<span class="o">()</span>,pKey<span class="o">=</span>None,ct<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:18.817Z<span class="o">)</span>, Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>DjvP3Dnci9F4CWmiqoLabQAAAU1ZfRq7tsanlemwmZQ<span class="o">)</span>,event<span class="o">=</span>view,eType<span class="o">=</span>user,
eId<span class="o">=</span>u9,tType<span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>item<span class="o">)</span>,tId<span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>i25<span class="o">)</span>,p<span class="o">=</span>DataMap<span class="o">(</span>Map<span class="o">())</span>,t<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:20.635Z,tags<span class="o">=</span>List<span class="o">()</span>,pKey<span class="o">=</span>None,ct<span class="o">=</span>2015-05-15T21:31:20.639Z<span class="o">)</span>, Event<span class="o">(</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>Some<span class="o">(</span>DjvP3Dnci9F4CWmiqoLabQAAAU1ZfR...
</pre></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div></div></div></div><footer><div class="container"><div class="seperator"></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-6 footer-link-column"><div class="footer-link-column-row"><h4>Community</h4><ul><li><a href="//docs.prediction.io/install/" target="blank">Download</a></li><li><a href="//docs.prediction.io/" target="blank">Docs</a></li><li><a href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio" target="blank">GitHub</a></li><li><a href="mailto:user-subscribe@predictionio.incubator.apache.org" target="blank">Subscribe to User Mailing List</a></li><li><a href="//stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/predictionio" target="blank">Stackoverflow</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-6 footer-link-column"><div class="footer-link-column-row"><h4>Contribute</h4><ul><li><a href="//predictionio.incubator.apache.org/community/contribute-code/" target="blank">Contribute</a></li><li><a href="//github.com/apache/incubator-predictionio" ta
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