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Posted to commits@zookeeper.apache.org by bu...@apache.org on 2011/03/01 00:22:00 UTC
svn commit: r786254 [1/16] - in /websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content:
./ doc/r3.3.3/ doc/r3.3.3/images/ doc/r3.3.3/skin/ doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/
Author: buildbot
Date: Mon Feb 28 23:21:57 2011
New Revision: 786254
Log:
Staging update by buildbot
Added:
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperConfig.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperConfig.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperOverview.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperOverview.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperProgrammer.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperProgrammer.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperStarted.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperStarted.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperStream.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperStream.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/broken-links.xml
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/2pc.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/bk-overview.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/built-with-forrest-button.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/favicon.ico (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/hadoop-logo.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/instruction_arrow.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/state_dia.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zkcomponents.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zknamespace.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zkperfRW-3.2.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zkperfRW.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zkperfreliability.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zkservice.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/images/zookeeper_small.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/index.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/index.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/javaExample.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/javaExample.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/linkmap.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/linkmap.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/recipes.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/recipes.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/releasenotes.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/releasenotes.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/CommonMessages_de.xml
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/CommonMessages_en_US.xml
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/CommonMessages_es.xml
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/CommonMessages_fr.xml
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/basic.css
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/breadcrumbs-optimized.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/breadcrumbs.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/fontsize.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/getBlank.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/getMenu.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/README.txt
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/add.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/built-with-forrest-button.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/chapter.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/chapter_open.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/current.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/error.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/external-link.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/fix.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/forrest-credit-logo.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/hack.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/header_white_line.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/info.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/instruction_arrow.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/label.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/page.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/pdfdoc.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/poddoc.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/printer.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/rc-b-l-15-1body-2menu-3menu.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/rc-b-r-15-1body-2menu-3menu.png (with props)
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websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/remove.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/rss.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/spacer.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/success.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/txtdoc.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/update.jpg (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/valid-html401.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/vcss.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/warning.png (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/images/xmldoc.gif (with props)
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/menu.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/note.txt
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/print.css
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/profile.css
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/prototype.js
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/skin/screen.css
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperAdmin.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperAdmin.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperHierarchicalQuorums.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperHierarchicalQuorums.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperInternals.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperInternals.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperJMX.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperJMX.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperObservers.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperObservers.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperOtherInfo.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperOtherInfo.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperOver.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperOver.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperProgrammers.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperProgrammers.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperQuotas.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperQuotas.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperStarted.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperStarted.pdf
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperTutorial.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/zookeeperTutorial.pdf
Modified:
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/bylaws.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/credits.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/index.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/irc.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/lists.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/privacy.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/releases.html
websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/svn.html
Modified: websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/bylaws.html
==============================================================================
--- websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/bylaws.html (original)
+++ websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/bylaws.html Mon Feb 28 23:21:57 2011
@@ -296,13 +296,10 @@ actions will also be referred to the <sp
<h3>Documentation</h3>
<ul>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.2" title="current">Release 3.3.2</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.1">Release 3.3.1</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.0">Release 3.3.0</a></li>
+<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.3" title="current">Release 3.3.3</a></li>
+<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.2">Release 3.3.2</a></li>
<li><a href="./doc/r3.2.2">Release 3.2.2</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.2.1">Release 3.2.1</a></li>
<li><a href="./doc/r3.1.2">Release 3.1.2</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.1.1">Release 3.1.1</a></li>
<li><a href="./doc/trunk">Trunk</a></li>
</ul>
Modified: websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/credits.html
==============================================================================
--- websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/credits.html (original)
+++ websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/credits.html Mon Feb 28 23:21:57 2011
@@ -101,13 +101,10 @@
<h3>Documentation</h3>
<ul>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.2" title="current">Release 3.3.2</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.1">Release 3.3.1</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.0">Release 3.3.0</a></li>
+<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.3" title="current">Release 3.3.3</a></li>
+<li><a href="./doc/r3.3.2">Release 3.3.2</a></li>
<li><a href="./doc/r3.2.2">Release 3.2.2</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.2.1">Release 3.2.1</a></li>
<li><a href="./doc/r3.1.2">Release 3.1.2</a></li>
-<li><a href="./doc/r3.1.1">Release 3.1.1</a></li>
<li><a href="./doc/trunk">Trunk</a></li>
</ul>
Added: websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperConfig.html
==============================================================================
--- websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperConfig.html (added)
+++ websites/staging/zookeeper/trunk/content/doc/r3.3.3/bookkeeperConfig.html Mon Feb 28 23:21:57 2011
@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html>
+<head>
+<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+<meta content="Apache Forrest" name="Generator">
+<meta name="Forrest-version" content="0.8">
+<meta name="Forrest-skin-name" content="pelt">
+<title>BookKeeper Administrator's Guide</title>
+<link type="text/css" href="skin/basic.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<link media="screen" type="text/css" href="skin/screen.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<link media="print" type="text/css" href="skin/print.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<link type="text/css" href="skin/profile.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<script src="skin/getBlank.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="skin/getMenu.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="skin/fontsize.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script>
+<link rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.ico">
+</head>
+<body onload="init()">
+<script type="text/javascript">ndeSetTextSize();</script>
+<div id="top">
+<!--+
+ |breadtrail
+ +-->
+<div class="breadtrail">
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/">Hadoop</a> > <a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/zookeeper/">ZooKeeper</a><script src="skin/breadcrumbs.js" language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"></script>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |header
+ +-->
+<div class="header">
+<!--+
+ |start group logo
+ +-->
+<div class="grouplogo">
+<a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/"><img class="logoImage" alt="Hadoop" src="images/hadoop-logo.jpg" title="Apache Hadoop"></a>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |end group logo
+ +-->
+<!--+
+ |start Project Logo
+ +-->
+<div class="projectlogo">
+<a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/zookeeper/"><img class="logoImage" alt="ZooKeeper" src="images/zookeeper_small.gif" title="ZooKeeper: distributed coordination"></a>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |end Project Logo
+ +-->
+<!--+
+ |start Search
+ +-->
+<div class="searchbox">
+<form action="http://www.google.com/search" method="get" class="roundtopsmall">
+<input value="hadoop.apache.org" name="sitesearch" type="hidden"><input onFocus="getBlank (this, 'Search the site with google');" size="25" name="q" id="query" type="text" value="Search the site with google">
+ <input name="Search" value="Search" type="submit">
+</form>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |end search
+ +-->
+<!--+
+ |start Tabs
+ +-->
+<ul id="tabs">
+<li>
+<a class="unselected" href="http://hadoop.apache.org/zookeeper/">Project</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a class="unselected" href="http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ZooKeeper">Wiki</a>
+</li>
+<li class="current">
+<a class="selected" href="index.html">ZooKeeper 3.3 Documentation</a>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<!--+
+ |end Tabs
+ +-->
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="main">
+<div id="publishedStrip">
+<!--+
+ |start Subtabs
+ +-->
+<div id="level2tabs"></div>
+<!--+
+ |end Endtabs
+ +-->
+<script type="text/javascript"><!--
+document.write("Last Published: " + document.lastModified);
+// --></script>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |breadtrail
+ +-->
+<div class="breadtrail">
+
+
+ </div>
+<!--+
+ |start Menu, mainarea
+ +-->
+<!--+
+ |start Menu
+ +-->
+<div id="menu">
+<div onclick="SwitchMenu('menu_1.1', 'skin/')" id="menu_1.1Title" class="menutitle">Overview</div>
+<div id="menu_1.1" class="menuitemgroup">
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="index.html">Welcome</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperOver.html">Overview</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperStarted.html">Getting Started</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="releasenotes.html">Release Notes</a>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div onclick="SwitchMenu('menu_1.2', 'skin/')" id="menu_1.2Title" class="menutitle">Developer</div>
+<div id="menu_1.2" class="menuitemgroup">
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="api/index.html">API Docs</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperProgrammers.html">Programmer's Guide</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="javaExample.html">Java Example</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperTutorial.html">Barrier and Queue Tutorial</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="recipes.html">Recipes</a>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div onclick="SwitchMenu('menu_selected_1.3', 'skin/')" id="menu_selected_1.3Title" class="menutitle" style="background-image: url('skin/images/chapter_open.gif');">BookKeeper</div>
+<div id="menu_selected_1.3" class="selectedmenuitemgroup" style="display: block;">
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="bookkeeperStarted.html">Getting started</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="bookkeeperOverview.html">Overview</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menupage">
+<div class="menupagetitle">Setup guide</div>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="bookkeeperProgrammer.html">Programmer's guide</a>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div onclick="SwitchMenu('menu_1.4', 'skin/')" id="menu_1.4Title" class="menutitle">Admin & Ops</div>
+<div id="menu_1.4" class="menuitemgroup">
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperAdmin.html">Administrator's Guide</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperQuotas.html">Quota Guide</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperJMX.html">JMX</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperObservers.html">Observers Guide</a>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div onclick="SwitchMenu('menu_1.5', 'skin/')" id="menu_1.5Title" class="menutitle">Contributor</div>
+<div id="menu_1.5" class="menuitemgroup">
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="zookeeperInternals.html">ZooKeeper Internals</a>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div onclick="SwitchMenu('menu_1.6', 'skin/')" id="menu_1.6Title" class="menutitle">Miscellaneous</div>
+<div id="menu_1.6" class="menuitemgroup">
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ZooKeeper">Wiki</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ZooKeeper/FAQ">FAQ</a>
+</div>
+<div class="menuitem">
+<a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/zookeeper/mailing_lists.html">Mailing Lists</a>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="credit"></div>
+<div id="roundbottom">
+<img style="display: none" class="corner" height="15" width="15" alt="" src="skin/images/rc-b-l-15-1body-2menu-3menu.png"></div>
+<!--+
+ |alternative credits
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+<div id="credit2"></div>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |end Menu
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+<!--+
+ |start content
+ +-->
+<div id="content">
+<div title="Portable Document Format" class="pdflink">
+<a class="dida" href="bookkeeperConfig.pdf"><img alt="PDF -icon" src="skin/images/pdfdoc.gif" class="skin"><br>
+ PDF</a>
+</div>
+<h1>BookKeeper Administrator's Guide</h1>
+<h3>Setup Guide</h3>
+<div id="minitoc-area">
+<ul class="minitoc">
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_deployment">Deployment</a>
+<ul class="minitoc">
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_sysReq">System requirements</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_runningBookies">Running bookies</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_zkMetadata">ZooKeeper Metadata</a>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<a name="N1000B"></a><a name="bk_deployment"></a>
+<h2 class="h3">Deployment</h2>
+<div class="section">
+<p>This section contains information about deploying BookKeeper and
+ covers these topics:</p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+<a href="#bk_sysReq">System requirements</a>
+</p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+<a href="#bk_runningBookies">Running bookies</a>
+</p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+<a href="#bk_zkMetadata">ZooKeeper Metadata</a>
+</p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<p> The first section tells you how many machines you need. The second explains how to bootstrap bookies
+ (BookKeeper storage servers). The third section explains how we use ZooKeeper and our requirements with
+ respect to ZooKeeper.
+ </p>
+<a name="N10032"></a><a name="bk_sysReq"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">System requirements</h3>
+<p> A typical BookKeeper installation comprises a set of bookies and a set of ZooKeeper replicas. The exact number of bookies
+ depends on the quorum mode, desired throughput, and number of clients using this installation simultaneously. The minimum number of
+ bookies is three for self-verifying (stores a message authentication code along with each entry) and four for generic (does not
+ store a message authentication codewith each entry), and there is no upper limit on the number of bookies. Increasing the number of
+ bookies, in fact, enables higher throughput.
+ </p>
+<p> For performance, we require each server to have at least two disks. It is possible to run a bookie with a single disk, but
+ performance will be significantly lower in this case. Of course, it works with one disk, but performance is significantly lower.
+ </p>
+<p> For ZooKeeper, there is no constraint with respect to the number of replicas. Having a single machine running ZooKeeper
+ in standalone mode is sufficient for BookKeeper. For resilience purposes, it might be a good idea to run ZooKeeper in quorum
+ mode with multiple servers. Please refer to the ZooKeeper documentation for detail on how to configure ZooKeeper with multiple
+ replicas
+ </p>
+<a name="N10042"></a><a name="bk_runningBookies"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">Running bookies</h3>
+<p>
+ To run a bookie, we execute the following command:
+ </p>
+<p>
+<span class="codefrag computeroutput">
+ java -cp .:./zookeeper-<version>-bookkeeper.jar:./zookeeper-<version>.jar:../log4j/apache-log4j-1.2.15/log4j-1.2.15.jar\
+ -Dlog4j.configuration=log4j.properties org.apache.bookkeeper.proto.BookieServer 3181 /path_to_log_device/\
+ /path_to_ledger_device/
+ </span>
+</p>
+<p>
+ The parameters are:
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Port number that the bookie listens on;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Path for Log Device (stores bookie write-ahead log);
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Path for Ledger Device (stores ledger entries);
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<p>
+ Ideally, <span class="codefrag computeroutput">/path_to_log_device/ </span> and <span class="codefrag computeroutput">/path_to_ledger_device/ </span> are each
+ in a different device.
+ </p>
+<a name="N10074"></a><a name="bk_zkMetadata"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">ZooKeeper Metadata</h3>
+<p>
+ For BookKeeper, we require a ZooKeeper installation to store metadata, and to pass the list
+ of ZooKeeper servers as parameter to the constructor of the BookKeeper class (<span class="codefrag computeroutput">
+ org.apache.bookkeeper.client,BookKeeper</span>).
+ To setup ZooKeeper, please check the <a href="index.html">
+ ZooKeeper documentation</a>.
+ </p>
+</div>
+
+<p align="right">
+<font size="-2"></font>
+</p>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |end content
+ +-->
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+</div>
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+<div class="lastmodified">
+<script type="text/javascript"><!--
+document.write("Last Published: " + document.lastModified);
+// --></script>
+</div>
+<div class="copyright">
+ Copyright ©
+ 2008 <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/">The Apache Software Foundation.</a>
+</div>
+<!--+
+ |end bottomstrip
+ +-->
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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+ PDF</a>
+</div>
+<h1>BookKeeper overview</h1>
+<div id="minitoc-area">
+<ul class="minitoc">
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_Overview">BookKeeper overview</a>
+<ul class="minitoc">
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_Intro">BookKeeper introduction</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_moreDetail">In slightly more detail...</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_basicComponents">Bookkeeper elements and concepts</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_initialDesign">Bookkeeper initial design</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_metadata">Bookkeeper metadata management</a>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a href="#bk_closingOut">Closing out ledgers</a>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<a name="N10009"></a><a name="bk_Overview"></a>
+<h2 class="h3">BookKeeper overview</h2>
+<div class="section">
+<a name="N1000F"></a><a name="bk_Intro"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">BookKeeper introduction</h3>
+<p>
+ BookKeeper is a replicated service to reliably log streams of records. In BookKeeper,
+ servers are "bookies", log streams are "ledgers", and each unit of a log (aka record) is a
+ "ledger entry". BookKeeper is designed to be reliable; bookies, the servers that store
+ ledgers, can crash, corrupt data, discard data, but as long as there are enough bookies
+ behaving correctly the service as a whole behaves correctly.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ The initial motivation for BookKeeper comes from the namenode of HDFS. Namenodes have to
+ log operations in a reliable fashion so that recovery is possible in the case of crashes.
+ We have found the applications for BookKeeper extend far beyond HDFS, however. Essentially,
+ any application that requires an append storage can replace their implementations with
+ BookKeeper. BookKeeper has the advantage of scaling throughput with the number of servers.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ At a high level, a bookkeeper client receives entries from a client application and stores it to
+ sets of bookies, and there are a few advantages in having such a service:
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ We can use hardware that is optimized for such a service. We currently believe that such a
+ system has to be optimized only for disk I/O;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ We can have a pool of servers implementing such a log system, and shared among a number of servers;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ We can have a higher degree of replication with such a pool, which makes sense if the hardware necessary for it is cheaper compared to the one the application uses.
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<a name="N10034"></a><a name="bk_moreDetail"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">In slightly more detail...</h3>
+<p> BookKeeper implements highly available logs, and it has been designed with write-ahead logging in mind. Besides high availability
+ due to the replicated nature of the service, it provides high throughput due to striping. As we write entries in a subset of bookies of an
+ ensemble and rotate writes across available quorums, we are able to increase throughput with the number of servers for both reads and writes.
+ Scalability is a property that is possible to achieve in this case due to the use of quorums. Other replication techniques, such as
+ state-machine replication, do not enable such a property.
+ </p>
+<p> An application first creates a ledger before writing to bookies through a local BookKeeper client instance.
+ Upon creating a ledger, a BookKeeper client writes metadata about the ledger to ZooKeeper. Each ledger currently
+ has a single writer. This writer has to execute a close ledger operation before any other client can read from it.
+ If the writer of a ledger does not close a ledger properly because, for example, it has crashed before having the
+ opportunity of closing the ledger, then the next client that tries to open a ledger executes a procedure to recover
+ it. As closing a ledger consists essentially of writing the last entry written to a ledger to ZooKeeper, the recovery
+ procedure simply finds the last entry written correctly and writes it to ZooKeeper.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ Note that currently this recovery procedure is executed automatically upon trying to open a ledger and no explicit action is necessary.
+ Although two clients may try to recover a ledger concurrently, only one will succeed, the first one that is able to create the close znode
+ for the ledger.
+ </p>
+<a name="N10044"></a><a name="bk_basicComponents"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">Bookkeeper elements and concepts</h3>
+<p>
+ BookKeeper uses four basic elements:
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+
+<strong>Ledger</strong>: A ledger is a sequence of entries, and each entry is a sequence of bytes. Entries are
+ written sequentially to a ledger and at most once. Consequently, ledgers have an append-only semantics;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+
+<strong>BookKeeper client</strong>: A client runs along with a BookKeeper application, and it enables applications
+ to execute operations on ledgers, such as creating a ledger and writing to it;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+
+<strong>Bookie</strong>: A bookie is a BookKeeper storage server. Bookies store the content of ledgers. For any given
+ ledger L, we call an <em>ensemble</em> the group of bookies storing the content of L. For performance, we store on
+ each bookie of an ensemble only a fragment of a ledger. That is, we stripe when writing entries to a ledger such that
+ each entry is written to sub-group of bookies of the ensemble.
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+
+<strong>Metadata storage service</strong>: BookKeeper requires a metadata storage service to store information related
+ to ledgers and available bookies. We currently use ZooKeeper for such a task.
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<a name="N10078"></a><a name="bk_initialDesign"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">Bookkeeper initial design</h3>
+<p>
+ A set of bookies implements BookKeeper, and we use a quorum-based protocol to replicate data across the bookies.
+ There are basically two operations to an existing ledger: read and append. Here is the complete API list
+ (mode detail <a href="bookkeeperProgrammer.html">
+ here</a>):
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Create ledger: creates a new empty ledger;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Open ledger: opens an existing ledger for reading;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Add entry: adds a record to a ledger either synchronously or asynchronously;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Read entries: reads a sequence of entries from a ledger either synchronously or asynchronously
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<p>
+ There is only a single client that can write to a ledger. Once that ledger is closed or the client fails,
+ no more entries can be added. (We take advantage of this behavior to provide our strong guarantees.)
+ There will not be gaps in the ledger. Fingers get broken, people get roughed up or end up in prison when
+ books are manipulated, so there is no deleting or changing of entries.
+ </p>
+<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
+<tr>
+<td>BookKeeper Overview</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>
+
+ <img alt="" src="images/bk-overview.jpg">
+
+ </td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<p>
+ A simple use of BooKeeper is to implement a write-ahead transaction log. A server maintains an in-memory data structure
+ (with periodic snapshots for example) and logs changes to that structure before it applies the change. The application
+ server creates a ledger at startup and store the ledger id and password in a well known place (ZooKeeper maybe). When
+ it needs to make a change, the server adds an entry with the change information to a ledger and apply the change when
+ BookKeeper adds the entry successfully. The server can even use asyncAddEntry to queue up many changes for high change
+ throughput. BooKeeper meticulously logs the changes in order and call the completion functions in order.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ When the application server dies, a backup server will come online, get the last snapshot and then it will open the
+ ledger of the old server and read all the entries from the time the snapshot was taken. (Since it doesn't know the
+ last entry number it will use MAX_INTEGER). Once all the entries have been processed, it will close the ledger and
+ start a new one for its use.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ A client library takes care of communicating with bookies and managing entry numbers. An entry has the following fields:
+ </p>
+<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
+<caption>Entry fields</caption>
+<title>Entry fields</title>
+
+
+<tr>
+
+<th>Field</th>
+ <th>Type</th>
+ <th>Description</th>
+
+</tr>
+
+
+<tr>
+
+<td>Ledger number</td>
+ <td>long</td>
+ <td>The id of the ledger of this entry</td>
+
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+
+<td>Entry number</td>
+ <td>long</td>
+ <td>The id of this entry</td>
+
+</tr>
+
+
+<tr>
+
+<td>last confirmed (<em>LC</em>)</td>
+ <td>long</td>
+ <td>id of the last recorded entry</td>
+
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+
+<td>data</td>
+ <td>byte[]</td>
+ <td>the entry data (supplied by application)</td>
+
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+
+<td>authentication code</td>
+ <td>byte[]</td>
+ <td>Message authentication code that includes all other fields of the entry</td>
+
+</tr>
+
+
+
+</table>
+<p>
+ The client library generates a ledger entry. None of the fields are modified by the bookies and only the first three
+ fields are interpreted by the bookies.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ To add to a ledger, the client generates the entry above using the ledger number. The entry number will be one more
+ than the last entry generated. The <em>LC</em> field contains the last entry that has been successfully recorded by BookKeeper.
+ If the client writes entries one at a time, <em>LC</em> is the last entry id. But, if the client is using asyncAddEntry, there
+ may be many entries in flight. An entry is considered recorded when both of the following conditions are met:
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ the entry has been accepted by a quorum of bookies
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ all entries with a lower entry id have been accepted by a quorum of bookies
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<p>
+
+<em>LC</em> seems mysterious right now, but it is too early to explain how we use it; just smile and move on.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ Once all the other fields have been field in, the client generates an authentication code with all of the previous fields.
+ The entry is then sent to a quorum of bookies to be recorded. Any failures will result in the entry being sent to a new
+ quorum of bookies.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ To read, the client library initially contacts a bookie and starts requesting entries. If an entry is missing or
+ invalid (a bad MAC for example), the client will make a request to a different bookie. By using quorum writes,
+ as long as enough bookies are up we are guaranteed to eventually be able to read an entry.
+ </p>
+<a name="N10132"></a><a name="bk_metadata"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">Bookkeeper metadata management</h3>
+<p>
+ There are some meta data that needs to be made available to BookKeeper clients:
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ The available bookies;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ The list of ledgers;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ The list of bookies that have been used for a given ledger;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ The last entry of a ledger;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<p>
+ We maintain this information in ZooKeeper. Bookies use ephemeral nodes to indicate their availability. Clients
+ use znodes to track ledger creation and deletion and also to know the end of the ledger and the bookies that
+ were used to store the ledger. Bookies also watch the ledger list so that they can cleanup ledgers that get deleted.
+ </p>
+<a name="N1015A"></a><a name="bk_closingOut"></a>
+<h3 class="h4">Closing out ledgers</h3>
+<p>
+ The process of closing out the ledger and finding the last ledger is difficult due to the durability guarantees of BookKeeper:
+ </p>
+<ul>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ If an entry has been successfully recorded, it must be readable.
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ If an entry is read once, it must always be available to be read.
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+<p>
+ If the ledger was closed gracefully, ZooKeeper will have the last entry and everything will work well. But, if the
+ BookKeeper client that was writing the ledger dies, there is some recovery that needs to take place.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ The problematic entries are the ones at the end of the ledger. There can be entries in flight when a BookKeeper client
+ dies. If the entry only gets to one bookie, the entry should not be readable since the entry will disappear if that bookie
+ fails. If the entry is only on one bookie, that doesn't mean that the entry has not been recorded successfully; the other
+ bookies that recorded the entry might have failed.
+ </p>
+<p>
+ The trick to making everything work is to have a correct idea of a last entry. We do it in roughly three steps:
+ </p>
+<ol>
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Find the entry with the highest last recorded entry, <em>LC</em>;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Find the highest consecutively recorded entry, <em>LR</em>;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+<li>
+
+<p>
+ Make sure that all entries between <em>LC</em> and <em>LR</em> are on a quorum of bookies;
+ </p>
+
+</li>
+
+
+</ol>
+</div>
+
+<p align="right">
+<font size="-2"></font>
+</p>
+</div>
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