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Posted to users@tomcat.apache.org by "Li,Henry" <he...@mdanderson.org> on 2009/07/24 01:01:35 UTC
what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough space for object heap
The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx? What is the work around? How can I use my free memory on the server to
get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
Thanks,
Henry
RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat
with32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Caldarale, Charles R" <Ch...@unisys.com>.
> From: Li,Henry [mailto:henryli@mdanderson.org]
> Subject: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat
> with32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
>
> My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host
> server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
The amount of RAM is not pertinent to the maximum heap size; the latter is limited by whatever virtual (not real) space the OS allows for a process. For Linux, that's either 2 or 3 GB, but lots of things have to fit in there besides the JVM's heap.
> java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
Dump that JVM - you'll need a real one to do any real work. Use a Sun JDK or OpenJDK, latest version. They're both much more stable than gcj, and much, much faster.
> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
Then your 32-bit Linux is allowing a process space of 3 GB.
- Chuck
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by Christopher Schultz <ch...@christopherschultz.net>.
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1
Henry,
On 7/23/2009 7:01 PM, Li,Henry wrote:
> I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
> Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
> The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
> Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough space for object heap
> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
Try running this script:
#!/bin/sh
initial_max=4097
max=${initial_max}
return_value=1
while [ "1" == "$return_value" ] ; do
max=`expr ${max} - 1`
if [ "0" == `expr ${max} % 100` ] ; then
echo "(max=${max})"
fi
java -Xms${max}M -Xmx${max}M MemoryInfo > /dev/null 2>&1
return_value=$?
done
echo
echo Stopped with max=${max}
echo Return value was ${return_value}
(MemoryInfo is a simple Java class that dumps out the memory info for
the JVM)
> QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx?
It depends heavily on your environment. It's usually somewhere around
2GB. You seem to be able to get more out of your environment than most
people can.
> What is the work around?
Use a 64-bit JVM on a 64-bit OS.
> How can I use my free memory on the server to
> get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
You cannot. :(
- -chris
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RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Li,Henry" <he...@mdanderson.org>.
Thank you Andre for this information. I will look at it.
Regards,
Henry
-----Original Message-----
From: André Warnier [mailto:aw@ice-sa.com]
Sent: Friday, July 24, 2009 9:33 AM
To: Tomcat Users List
Subject: Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Li,Henry wrote:
> Juha,
> Yes, there is memory leak from application. We contact the application vendor and they do not have patches to fix it for the version which we are using. So what we need is a partial/dirty fix to mimimize the recycle times. Upgrading the application will be a project which requires lots approvals.
>
Guys, I am not really competent here, but just as a tip if you are
looking for some quick-and-dirty fix, you may be interested in this tool :
http://code.google.com/p/jmxsh/
Basically, it is a scriptable tool, which you could run from time to
time in a cron script.
I have used it to trigger GC's in Tomcat from outside, but it has many
more capabilities.
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by André Warnier <aw...@ice-sa.com>.
Li,Henry wrote:
> Juha,
> Yes, there is memory leak from application. We contact the application vendor and they do not have patches to fix it for the version which we are using. So what we need is a partial/dirty fix to mimimize the recycle times. Upgrading the application will be a project which requires lots approvals.
>
Guys, I am not really competent here, but just as a tip if you are
looking for some quick-and-dirty fix, you may be interested in this tool :
http://code.google.com/p/jmxsh/
Basically, it is a scriptable tool, which you could run from time to
time in a cron script.
I have used it to trigger GC's in Tomcat from outside, but it has many
more capabilities.
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by André Warnier <aw...@ice-sa.com>.
Juha Laiho wrote:
> To André; it's rather seldom where an extra GC would help in a situation
> like this: GC will anyway have run (possibly several times) before the
> OutOfMemoryError is thrown. The issue is that some class is packratting
> recerences to objects no longer needed - and as there's someone still
> referencing these objects, they cannot be freed by GC.
>
I understand. But that jmxsh can do more than just trigger GCs.
I'm not a Java programmer really, but this looked to me like an easy
external tool, maybe able to do from the outside what you propose to do
from the inside. It may be that none of that is useful, but it may be
worth having a look.
One limitation is since it uses the JMX interface of the JVM, I think
you need at least a JVM 1.5.
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by Juha Laiho <Ju...@iki.fi>.
Li,Henry wrote:
> Yes, there is memory leak from application. We contact the application vendor
> and they do not have patches to fix it for the version which we are using. So
> what we need is a partial/dirty fix to mimimize the recycle times.
>
> Upgrading the application will be a project which requires lots approvals.
Ah, I see. Not a good situation to be in, and raising the heap size really
is more or less the only workaround you can provide for the time being.
To André; it's rather seldom where an extra GC would help in a situation
like this: GC will anyway have run (possibly several times) before the
OutOfMemoryError is thrown. The issue is that some class is packratting
recerences to objects no longer needed - and as there's someone still
referencing these objects, they cannot be freed by GC.
What _could_ help (but then, this would need rather intricate inspection of
the application), would be to amend the current application with classes that
can find their way to the structure containing the outdated recerences and
set them to null. But then, this would require:
- initially locating the offending class and data structure held by it
- designing and building a mechanism to release the redundant objects
- (third and possibly hardest) getting permission to deploy such
homebrewn changes to the application
--
..Juha
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RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Li,Henry" <he...@mdanderson.org>.
Juha,
Yes, there is memory leak from application. We contact the application vendor and they do not have patches to fix it for the version which we are using. So what we need is a partial/dirty fix to mimimize the recycle times. Upgrading the application will be a project which requires lots approvals.
Thanks,
Henry
-----Original Message-----
From: Juha Laiho [mailto:Juha.Laiho@iki.fi]
Sent: Friday, July 24, 2009 4:22 AM
To: Tomcat Users List
Subject: Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Li,Henry wrote:
> My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
> java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
> I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
> Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
> The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
> Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough space for object heap
> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
> QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx? What is the work around? How can I use my free memory on the server to
> get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
Apologies if this is an obvious question, but have you checked that the
applications deployed on your server have no memory leaks?
A memory leak can well be the cause for an OutOfMemoryError, and
upping the amount of memory reserved will just delay the death but
not prevent it. Actually fixing the application defect can result
in being able to run the server with significantly smaller amount
of memory.
--
..Juha
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by Juha Laiho <Ju...@iki.fi>.
Li,Henry wrote:
> My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
> java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
> I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
> Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
> The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
> Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough space for object heap
> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
> QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx? What is the work around? How can I use my free memory on the server to
> get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
Apologies if this is an obvious question, but have you checked that the
applications deployed on your server have no memory leaks?
A memory leak can well be the cause for an OutOfMemoryError, and
upping the amount of memory reserved will just delay the death but
not prevent it. Actually fixing the application defect can result
in being able to run the server with significantly smaller amount
of memory.
--
..Juha
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RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Caldarale, Charles R" <Ch...@unisys.com>.
> From: Alan Chaney [mailto:alan@compulsivecreative.com]
> Subject: Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat
> with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
>
> Actually, to be totally clear, you can have pretty much as
> much memory as you have physical ram in the machine.
No, you can have up to around 2^48 bytes, if you have a big enough swap file. The amount of real memory has no bearing on the maximum size of the Java heap. (It does have a bearing on performance, since if you use more aggregate virtual space than real memory, paging ensues.)
- Chuck
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by Alan Chaney <al...@compulsivecreative.com>.
> 2. Your other 'workaround' is to install a 64 bit OS and a 64 bit JVM.
> Then you can have 7G+ for the JVM.
Actually, to be totally clear, you can have pretty much as much memory
as you have physical ram in the machine. In your case that's 7G+
For more info on the 64bit JVM see
http://java.sun.com/docs/hotspot/HotSpotFAQ.html#64bit_heap
Apparently RHEL 4 x64 supports up to 16GB and RHEL 5 claims 'unlimited'
but I'll bet no-one has actually tried it with 16 TB.
>
> Regards
>
> Alan Chaney
>
>
>
> Li,Henry wrote:
>> My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host
>> server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
>> java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
>> I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
>> Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
>> The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase
>> -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
>> Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough
>> space for object heap
>> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
>> QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx? What is the work around?
>> How can I use my free memory on the server to
>> get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Henry
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
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>
>
>
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RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Li,Henry" <he...@mdanderson.org>.
Thank you Alan for your help.
I use top to get the 4G free memory: Mem: 8309064k total, 3426680k used, 4882384k free, 163308k buffers.
Your are right, my 4 processors mean 4 cores (2 dual-core processors)
I think I will take your workaround #2.
Regards,
Henry
-----Original Message-----
From: Alan Chaney [mailto:alan@compulsivecreative.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 23, 2009 6:30 PM
To: Tomcat Users List
Subject: Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
You are using a 32 bit operating system and a 32 bit processor. To make
more than 4GB of ram available you must ensure that you have PAE support
enabled in your kernel (search Google for Physical Address Extension)
which may mean re-compiling for RHEL 4 (see Red Hat). Your processor may
not support it but I'd suspect that when you say 4 processors you
probably mean 4 cores and I believe all 4 core Intel CPUs do support
PAE. Re-reading your email I see that you say that you have 4.5G of free
memory - how did you determine this? 'top'?
Even so, I cannot find any clear statement on the web that the 32 bit
JRE will be able to address more than 4G even if you do have PAE
enabled. I suspect not. Actually, 'suspect' is way too mild a term ... I
would be completely astounded if you could...
Possible workarounds are:
1. Try running 2 JVMs ( when you have PAE enabled) - of course this may
not work in your application (you'd have to have two Tomcat instances.)
2. Your other 'workaround' is to install a 64 bit OS and a 64 bit JVM.
Then you can have 7G+ for the JVM.
Regards
Alan Chaney
Li,Henry wrote:
> My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
> java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
> I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
> Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
> The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
> Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough space for object heap
> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
> QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx? What is the work around? How can I use my free memory on the server to
> get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
>
> Thanks,
> Henry
>
>
>
>
> !DSPAM:4a68ee3b41041381456296!
>
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RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Li,Henry" <he...@mdanderson.org>.
Thank you Chuck! I will go to the 64-bit.
Regards,
Henry
-----Original Message-----
From: Caldarale, Charles R [mailto:Chuck.Caldarale@unisys.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 23, 2009 7:19 PM
To: Tomcat Users List
Subject: RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
> From: Alan Chaney [mailto:alan@compulsivecreative.com]
> Subject: Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat
> with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
>
> You are using a 32 bit operating system and a 32 bit processor.
> To make more than 4GB of ram available you must ensure that you
> have PAE support enabled in your kernel
That's not relevant to the problem. PAE allows the OS to utilize more real memory; it does not change the virtual memory available to a process, which is the limitation here.
> Even so, I cannot find any clear statement on the web that the
> 32 bit JRE will be able to address more than 4G even if you do
> have PAE enabled. I suspect not.
You are correct - enabling PAE would have no effect.
> 2. Your other 'workaround' is to install a 64 bit OS and a 64 bit JVM.
> Then you can have 7G+ for the JVM.
Much preferred, if the hardware supports it.
- Chuck
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RE: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by "Caldarale, Charles R" <Ch...@unisys.com>.
> From: Alan Chaney [mailto:alan@compulsivecreative.com]
> Subject: Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat
> with 32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
>
> You are using a 32 bit operating system and a 32 bit processor.
> To make more than 4GB of ram available you must ensure that you
> have PAE support enabled in your kernel
That's not relevant to the problem. PAE allows the OS to utilize more real memory; it does not change the virtual memory available to a process, which is the limitation here.
> Even so, I cannot find any clear statement on the web that the
> 32 bit JRE will be able to address more than 4G even if you do
> have PAE enabled. I suspect not.
You are correct - enabling PAE would have no effect.
> 2. Your other 'workaround' is to install a 64 bit OS and a 64 bit JVM.
> Then you can have 7G+ for the JVM.
Much preferred, if the hardware supports it.
- Chuck
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Re: what is the upper limit of maximum heap memory for Tomcat with
32-bit JVM running on Red Hat Linux 4 (32-bit)
Posted by Alan Chaney <al...@compulsivecreative.com>.
You are using a 32 bit operating system and a 32 bit processor. To make
more than 4GB of ram available you must ensure that you have PAE support
enabled in your kernel (search Google for Physical Address Extension)
which may mean re-compiling for RHEL 4 (see Red Hat). Your processor may
not support it but I'd suspect that when you say 4 processors you
probably mean 4 cores and I believe all 4 core Intel CPUs do support
PAE. Re-reading your email I see that you say that you have 4.5G of free
memory - how did you determine this? 'top'?
Even so, I cannot find any clear statement on the web that the 32 bit
JRE will be able to address more than 4G even if you do have PAE
enabled. I suspect not. Actually, 'suspect' is way too mild a term ... I
would be completely astounded if you could...
Possible workarounds are:
1. Try running 2 JVMs ( when you have PAE enabled) - of course this may
not work in your application (you'd have to have two Tomcat instances.)
2. Your other 'workaround' is to install a 64 bit OS and a 64 bit JVM.
Then you can have 7G+ for the JVM.
Regards
Alan Chaney
Li,Henry wrote:
> My Tomcat is running on 32-bit Red Hat 4 (2.6.9-78.0.1.ELsmp), host server has 8G physical memory and 4 processors.
> java version "1.4.2" gcj (GCC) 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)
> I got java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
> Current configuration: -Xms1024M -Xmx2304M
> The host server has about 4.5G free memory. When I tried to increase -Xmx2304M to -Xmx3000M, I got this error:
> Error occurred during initialization of VM, Could not reserve enough space for object heap
> The maximum # I can reach is -Xmx2680M.
> QUESTION: Is there an upper limit for -Xmx? What is the work around? How can I use my free memory on the server to
> get rid of the OutOfMemoryError?
>
> Thanks,
> Henry
>
>
>
>
> !DSPAM:4a68ee3b41041381456296!
>
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